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1
Hnatov, Andrii, Shchasiana Arhun, Ruslan Bagach, Andrii Nechaus, Valentina Tarasova, Oleksandr Ruchka, Alla Don, and Antons Patlins. "ELECTRICAL POWER UNIT OF THE TRANSFORMER OIL CENTRIFUGAL CLEANING UNIT." Automobile transport, no. 48 (May 29, 2021): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30977/at.2219-8342.2021.48.0.101.
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Problem. Cleaning transformer oil is one of the important engineering tasks, whose solution is associated with significant material and energy expenditure. Due to the increase in electricity consumption at modern automobile companies (firms, organizations, service stations, etc.), the load on transformer substations increases and the requirements for reliability of electrical and electronic devices become more complicated. This, in turn, leads to the problem of cleaning and recycling of transformer oil. Goal. The goal is the research and development of an efficient unit for centrifugal cleaning of transformer oil with a drive control system that provides automation of the start and braking mode of the drive. Methodology. Analytical methods of research, methods of the theory of electric machines and electric drives are used, as well as the methods of calculating electric circuits. Also, methods of analysis of circuits and control of power electronics devices, principles of operation and methods of control of static converters are used. Results. The structural scheme of the unit for cleaning transformer oil is developed. The calculations of the main elements of the power block of the transformer oil cleaning unit are performed. The block diagram of the voltage converter with frequency f = 50 Hz to alternating voltage with frequency f = 400 Hz is developed. Control circuits of the electric drive of the centrifugal separator are chosen. The analysis of operation of electric drive control circuits is carried out and the principles of their work concerning two components are considered: the regulated rectifier and the inverter. Originality. The scheme of the converter of alternating three-phase current with voltage of 220 V and frequency of 50 Hz, into alternating three-phase current with voltage of 220 V and frequency of 400 Hz is developed. This frequency, in addition to providing the necessary characteristics of the oil separator, allows you to develop a converter device of a relatively small weight and volume, and also provides its high reliability. Practical value. Utilizing the used transformer oil in this way will solve several problems at once. It is possible to reduce the initial production of transformer oil. The issue of waste oil disposal is being resolved leading to the solution of the environmental aspect of this problem. All this will reduce the cost of oil poured into transformers and the operating cost of transformer substations.
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Khitrov, Alexander, Andrei Khitrov, Sergey Loginov, Yuliya Domracheva, and Evgeniy Veselkov. "POWER UNIT FOR POWER SUPPLY OF AN AUTONOMOUS FACILITY HAVING ABILITY TO CONNECT TO GENERAL INDUSTRIAL POWER SUPPLY IN RECUPERATIVE MICROGENERATION MODE." ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 3 (June 16, 2021): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2021vol3.6517.
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Fundamental and exploratory research in the field of energetics and rational nature management is currently focused on getting results in the field of the effective development and functioning of energy systems. Such systems are based on modern electrical equipment, including electrical machines and controlled power converters (active rectifiers and regenerative units (AC/DC), direct voltage converters (DC/DC), inverters (DC/AC)), conventional and non-traditional electric power based on renewable energy sources (RES).The Program of basic research in the Russian Federation on a long-term period (2021-2030 years) comprises the actual problems of development of energy supply, energy efficiency, renewable and alternative sources in industry and agriculture, including the issues of production technology, of conversion and storage of electric power.Electric power from the renewable energy sources requires its continuous correction, equalization and buffering i.e. a control system for the system operating modes.The paper presents a project of the power unit that provides both autonomous and traditional operation of a power plant having the possibility of recuperating electrical energy into the network. The structure and the composition of such a power unit is proposed, basic control strategies for an autonomous power generating plant having a capacity of up to 15 kW, operating from the variable low speed engine, also having the other sources of alternative energy with the possibility of power accumulation are considered.
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Isakov, Andrei N., Andrei V. Andrusich, and Igor E. Savraev. "Device for Reduction Sparking of Slip Ring of Turbo Generator." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 2 (August 8, 2015): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2013vol2.851.
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Most modern power plants generating electric power equipped with synchronous generators. The correct operation of energy economy depends on reliability of such electrical machines. In this article issue of increasing reliability of turbo generator by increasing reliability of its brush contact unit is considered. Description of brush contact unit and its possible damages is given. Equivalent electrical circuit of contact layer of brush contact unit is performed. The equations are formed and the dynamical simulation model consisting of electric source and two brush contact units is created. With help of this model alternative method of improving parameters of brush contact unit and increasing reliability of turbo generator at once is calculated and shown. The implementation of the proposed method of increasing the turbo generator brush contact units reliability can have different technical performance, but the principle laid down in the method remains the same.
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Bizhaev, A. V. "Research of Tractor Power Unit with Electric Drive Parameters." Agricultural Machinery and Technologies 14, no. 4 (December 18, 2020): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2020-14-4-33-42.
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The author showed that it was possible to reduce the exhaust gases toxicity and increase tractors effi ciency using an electric power unit to implement traction. The effi ciency of modern electric motors was at its peak of 96 percent, compared to 45 for a diesel engine. He emphasized that this parameter for modern sources of electrical energy was 85-90 percent, which opened up opportunities for the implementation of an electric tractor.(Research purpose) To present the general concept of an electric drive power unit for a tractor of a small traction class and to evaluate its parameters as a fi rst approximation.(Materials and methods) For the tractor’s electric drive lithium-ion batteries were chosen as a source of electrical energy, showing the best characteristics of energy intensity – 432-864 kilojoule per kilogram with a unit cost of 4200-17400 rubles per kilogram. During the analyses of the power unit drive types, a D-120 diesel engine with a power of 20 kilowatt, a DC electric motor and an asynchronous motor with similar parameters were studied. The VTZ-2032 tractor with a nominal tractive eff ort of 600 Newtons when working on stubble was taken as the basis for the calculation.(Results and discussion) The author determined the best indicators of the electric drive by the power characteristics fullness in the gears with a decrease in unit costs per kWh from 24 to 15-16 rubles.(Conclusions) The most effi cient engine was determined – a brushless DC electric motor. The author calculated that the specifi c cost of its energy was 1.5-1.8 times less than that of a diesel engine, and amounted to 15-27 rubles per kilowatt-hour with a maximum effi ciency of 95 percent. It was found that lithium-ion batteries would be the optimal solution for powering the electric drive. They were distinguished by a high specifi c energy consumption – 432-864 kilojoule per kilogram – and a low price per energy unit, amounting to 5-45 rubles per kilojoule.
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Sorokin, Ilya V., Dmitrii S. Semenov, and Sergei V. Sharashkin. "CONCEPT STUDIES OF VESSEL ELECTRICAL POWER TRANSMISSION UNIT." Vestnik Gosudarstvennogo universiteta morskogo i rechnogo flota imeni admirala S. O. Makarova 13, no. 2 (April 28, 2021): 278–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21821/2309-5180-2021-13-2-278-289.
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Shin, Kyoo-Jae, and Hyun-Rok Cha. "Design of Embedded Electrical Power Control Unit for Personal Electrical Vehicle." Journal of IKEEE 18, no. 2 (June 30, 2014): 282–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7471/ikeee.2014.18.2.282.
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Pletin, Sergey Aleksandrovich, and Alexander Nikolaevich Petrenko. "INFORMATION-MEASURING SYSTEMS FOR ELECTRICAL PROPULSION UNIT." Journal of Rocket-Space Technology 27, no. 4 (December 30, 2019): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/451910.
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Considered electric propulsion systems (EPS) based on the Hall effect. Structure of EPS includes hall thruster (HT), xenon feed system (XFS), power processing unit and automatic control and monitoring system. The task is to design information-measuring system (IMS), which allows measurement of the current settings of EPS, conduct their mathematical processing and registration for further analysis. EPS is a complex physical system consisting of subsystems within which different physical processes. These processes are characterized by a large number of parameters and characteristics to be measured and controlled in the process EPS. Listed EPS parameters that should be measured in the operation of system. Determined informative signs of laboratory and onboard subsystems EPS. The necessity of development of information-measuring system and the need to create two different IMS - for use in laboratory equipment for research and testing of subsystems and EPS use in an onboard system management and control. Laboratory IMS provides measurement parameters and test conditions in a vacuum chamber; modes of power processing unit; XFS modes; EPS temperatures subsystem (anode, cathode, supply system, power conversion system); thrust of hall-effect thruster and forming control signals for power sources, flow of propellant and laboratory equipment. Onboard IMS provides measuring current and voltage discharge between the anode and the cathode; valve current of XFS; high and low level pressure of XFS; the temperature of the anode block, cathode, power processing unit.Formulated the tasks performed by the laboratory and on-board IMS. Made choice of hardware implementation of the IMS. The work on the creation of software for the operation of the IMS.
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Rashid, Mofeed. "Design and Implementation of Smart Electrical Power Meter System." Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering 10, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37917/ijeee.10.1.1.
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In recent years, increased importance of Smart Grid, which includes monitoring and control the consumption of customers of electric power. In this paper, Wireless Smart Electrical Power Meter has been designed and implemented which ZigBee wireless sensor network (WSN) will be used for wireless electrical power meter communication supported by PIC microcontroller which used for power unit measurements. PIC microcontroller will be used for evaluating all electric power parameters at costumer side like Vrms, Irms, KWh, and PF, and then all these parameters will be send to base station through wireless network in order to be calibrated and monitored.
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Kobernik, V. S. "Fuel consumption of thermal power technologies under maneuvering modes." Problems of General Energy 2020, no. 4 (December 22, 2020): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/pge2020.04.045.
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A characteristic feature of the present day development of power engineering lies in the increase in the unevenness of power systems schedules. The structure of generating powers of Ukrainian energy engineering is overloaded with basic powers and characterized by a sharp deficit of maneuvering wanes. To cover the uneven load of the power system during the operation of existing and construction of new power plants, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of their operation under maneuvering modes. This paper determines the influence of work of power plants i under maneuvering modes on the specific consumption of conditional fuel on the released electric energy at working on gas or coal fuel. Fuel consumption for starting of a unit depends on its type and downtime in reserve. The use of steam–and–gas facilities and gas turbines helps to enhance the maneuverability of power plants. Alternative options for the development of thermal energy are the introduction of gas–piston power plants and power units with fluidized–bed boilers. We present formulas for the calculations of fuel consumption on by power units for start–ups and specific consumptions depending on the load and degree of their involvement to regulating loads for different thermal energy technologies: steam–turbine condensation and district heating power units; steam–and–gas and gas turbine plants; gas piston installations; power units with fluidized bed boilers. For enhancing the maneuverability of power plants, working on fossil fuels, their modernization and renewal of software are necessary. Quantitative assessment of the efficiency of power units and separate power plants during their operation under variable modes is important for forecasting the structure of generating capacities of power systems, the need to introduce peak and semi–peak capacities, the choice of the most profitable composition of operating equipment at different schedules of electrical loads Keywords: thermal power, power unit, maneuverable mode, electrical load, specific fuel consumption
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Dani Ali, Nurhalim, and Azriyenni Azhari Zakri. "Identifying Characteristic of Power Quality Problems on Solar Electric Power Generation." International Journal of Electrical, Energy and Power System Engineering 1, no. 2 (November 5, 2018): 6–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/ijeepse.1.2.6-8.
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The influence of connected electrical load will cause significant problems on Solar Electric Power Generator (SEPG). The problems are extremely important to be identification in order to provide electrical energy optimally. The objective of this paper is tantamount to investigate the impact of household electrical load on SEPG with variation and continuous electrical load. The identification of power quality was made by marking several test point on each output of SEPG unit. The level quality of voltage and frequency system needed to be measured and observed its performance indicator level. Furthermore, it compared by existing standard. To variation electrical load test, the results showed that the frequency of the system changed from 52 Hz to 262 Hz. In other hands, the frequency rose about five times against normal frequency. The continuous load test, that frequency of system fluctuated around 52 Hz to 156 Hz that also showed abnormal operation of SEPG.
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Maxwell, Daniel L., and Kevin M. OʼNeil. "Electrical Power Failure in a Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit." Critical Care Medicine 21, no. 4 (April 1993): 631–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-199304000-00030.
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Abdou, Idriss, and Mohamed Tkiouat. "Unit Commitment Problem in Electrical Power System: A Literature Review." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 3 (June 1, 2018): 1357. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i3.pp1357-1372.
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Unit commitment (UC) is a popular problem in electric power system that aims at minimizing the total cost of power generation in a specific period, by defining an adequate scheduling of the generating units. The UC solution must respect many operational constraints. In the past half century, there was several researches treated the UC problem. Many works have proposed new formulations to the UC problem, others have offered several methodologies and techniques to solve the problem. This paper gives a literature review of UC problem, its mathematical formulation, methods for solving it and Different approaches developed for addressing renewable energy effects and uncertainties.
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Zakharova, Anastasiya A., and Alexander N. Komkov. "Simulation of Electric Drive Self-Start of Head Units at the Oil Pumping Station." Electrotechnical Systems and Complexes, no. 2(43) (June 28, 2019): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18503/2311-8318-2019-2(43)-35-42.
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The article is concerned with the issues related to the implementation of the group self-starting electric drives of the head pump units at the oil pumping station. Since oil pumping stations are high-risk facilities, this problem is particularly urgent for them because of the stringent requirements for the continuity of the processes of pipe-wire transportation of oil and oil products. The self-start of a group of electric drives of mixed composition in the ETAP software package for the existing oil pumping station has been studied and simulated. The task of ensuring the self-starting of electric motors of precisely a large unit power is considered in order to study their mutual influence on each other. As a result of conducting multiple model experiments, the values of the voltage of static stability and the time of dynamic stability of the electrical system of the enterprise were determined. On the basis of the data obtained, the boundary of the dynamic stability of the system has been built, the optimal conditions for the implementation of group self-starting have been determined, compliance with which allows uninterrupted operation of oil pumping stations during voltage dips in the external power supply system. Particular attention is paid to assessing the settings and the selectivity of existing devices for relay protection and automation since only with their correct detuning, self-starting can expand the area of stable operation of the electrical system and keep electric drives of main pumping units in operation after power failures. On the basis of the performed analysis, a variant of protection of the minimum voltage was proposed taking into account all the features of the implementation of self-starting electric drives of mixed composition at the pump station under consideration. The absence of an abrupt change at the time of dynamic stability is established for an electrical system of mixed composition with electric drives of high unit power at comparable powers of asynchronous and synchronous motor loads. The bifurcation point on the border of dynamic stability is preserved.
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Gorodnov, A. G., V. Yu Kornilov, and Majid Abdulhameed Abdulhy Al-Ali. "The methodology for design of autonomous power supply system of oil producing company optimized on length and number of generation centers." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 22, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2020-22-1-69-76.
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Improving energy efficiency and reducing the cost of creating an electrical complex of autonomous power supply for an oil-producing enterprise is an urgent problem and requires a rational solution. The goal is the construction of energy-efficient electrical systems of autonomous power supply for oil-producing enterprises, leading to a reduction in the unit cost of electricity per unit of production. A methodology for constructing an autonomous power supply system for an oil producing enterprise, optimized in length and number of generation centers is present. The results presented in the work were obtained using methods of the theory of electric and magnetic circuits, theory of electric drive, methods of optimization of power supply systems, methods of mathematical and computer modeling. The configuration of the power supply system of oil producing enterprises and the efficiency of its work is analyze. To test the efficiency of the methodology, the power supply system of an oil producing enterprise is simulate in the RTDS software package. The results of the work were introduced and used in the creation of energy-efficient electrical systems for autonomous power supply to oil-producing enterprises based on autonomous diesel generators and optimized by the length of power lines and the number of generation centers. Implementation of the results of the work allows reducing the specific energy consumption per unit of extracted products and reducing the cost of building an energy-efficient electrical complex of autonomous power supply for oil-producing enterprises.
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Obukhov, S. G., G. N. Klimova, and A. Ibrahim. "Methodology of optimum unit commitment of energy systems with renewable energy sources." Vestnik IGEU, no. 6 (December 28, 2020): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17588/2072-2672.2020.6.025-038.
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One of the promising ways to improve the reliability and efficiency of power supply for customers in the areas remote from central electrical grid is the use of hybrid power systems with renewable energy sources. The primary task of designing such systems is the unit commitment of the generating equipment that provides the optimal technical and economic indexes of the electric power system. The stochastic nature of generation and nonlinearity of the characteristics of power plants cause a high complexity of solving this problem, which, from a mathematical point of view, is formulated as an optimization problem. An accurate and reliable solution of this optimization problem increases the efficiency of design and operation of hybrid electric power systems with renewable energy sources. And it is a vital task of modern power industry. A probabilistic-statistical methods and models for the analysis of experimental data are used to construct climatic time series and graphs of electrical loads. In addition, to study the operating modes of the electric power system the MatLab system is used for the simulation and modeling, and an evolutionary particle swarm algorithm is used to solve the optimization problem. The original model of solar radiation is used as a part of this methodology. This model provides forecasting the key characteristics of solar radiation in any geographical point of Russia including the areas that have no results of routine actinometric observation. Weibull distribution function is used to forecast daily variations of wind speed. It enhances the validity of forecasting of electricity generation of wind-driven power plant at daily time interval. As a result of the research, a method of optimum unit commitment has been developed for the equipment of electric power systems based on renewable energy sources. The use of the particle swarm algorithm as a part of the methodology provides reliable and accurate determination of the extremum of the objective function, which increases the efficiency of design and operation of hybrid electric power systems with renewable energy sources. The method has been tested on practical examples of optimum unit commitment for the equipment of electric power systems of various configurations and has proven its effectiveness. The technique is implemented as a software application, which ensures the convenience of its practical application. The obtained results can be used by companies involved in the design and operation of electric power systems using renewable energy generating units.
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Clark, R. N., and F. C. Vosper. "Electrical Wind-Assisted Water Pumping." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 107, no. 1 (February 1, 1985): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3267662.
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Most modern wind turbines are designed to generate utility compatible AC electric power. The easiest way to use these wind turbines for irrigation pumping is by intertying with the electric utility grid. However, because irrigation pumping requires large amounts of power during critical crop growth stages and minimum power during the nongrowing season, utilities have to supply power during peak load times and purchase power during off peak times. Five wind turbines having induction generators have been operated in water pumping experiments at Bushland, Texas. These turbines ranged in rated capacity from 25 to 100 kW and have included both horizontal and vertical-axis types. All units have operated at least 5000 hr, with one unit having been operated for over 20,000 hr. Performance curves, monthly energy production, percentage of run-time, and availability are given for each turbine.
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Kotowicz, Janusz, Sebastian Michalski, and Adrian Balicki. "Determination of technical and economic parameters of an ionic transport membrane air separation unit working in a supercritical power plant." Chemical and Process Engineering 37, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 359–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cpe-2016-0029.
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Abstract In this paper an air separation unit was analyzed. The unit consisted of: an ionic transport membrane contained in a four-end type module, an air compressor, an expander fed by gas that remains after oxygen separation and heat exchangers which heat the air and recirculated flue gas to the membrane operating temperature (850 °C). The air separation unit works in a power plant with electrical power equal to 600 MW. This power plant additionally consists of: an oxy-type pulverized-fuel boiler, a steam turbine unit and a carbon dioxide capture unit. Life steam parameters are 30 MPa/650 °C and reheated steam parameters are 6 MPa/670 °C. The listed units were analyzed. For constant electrical power of the power plant technical parameters of the air separation unit for two oxygen recovery rate (65% and 95%) were determined. One of such parameters is ionic membrane surface area. In this paper the formulated equation is presented. The remaining technical parameters of the air separation unit are, among others: heat exchange surface area, power of the air compressor, power of the expander and auxiliary power. Using the listed quantities, the economic parameters, such as costs of air separation unit and of individual components were determined. These quantities allowed to determine investment costs of construction of the air separation unit. In addition, they were compared with investment costs for the entire oxy-type power plant.
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Yu, Jungkyum, Kwangil Kim, and Kyongsu Yi. "Development of a hardware-in-the-loop simulation system for power seat and power trunk electronic control unit validation." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 3 (February 23, 2018): 636–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407017751951.
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This paper describes a hardware-in-the-loop simulation system for the validation of a vehicle body electronic control unit. The hardware-in-the-loop simulation system consists of three parts: a real-time target machine, an electronic control unit, and a signal conditioning unit, which regulates the voltage levels between the real-time target and the electronic control unit. The real-time target machine generates switch and feedback signals to the electronic control unit. The software model, representing body electronics hardware, such as a power seat and power trunk, runs inside a real-time target machine. The software model is composed of a mechanical part that represents the dynamic behaviors and an electronic part to calculate the motor speeds, current, and electronic loads under various conditions. The hardware-in-the-loop test was carried out for two different large passenger vehicle electronic control units, since the purpose of this research is to validate the various electronic control units by just simply modifying the corresponding vehicle model, the power seat, and the power trunk. Test results indicate that the developed software model can effectively replace the real hardware, and that this virtual model can be used to validate the signal logic between the electronic control unit and the model. In addition, the electrical robustness of the electronic control unit was validated by applying surge currents to the electronic control unit.
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Gusev, Igor N., Aleksandr P. Vorobyev, Mikhail N. Kozlovsky, and Sergey P. Padun. "Simulating operation of power units 1 and 2 at Novovoronezh NPP II with two electrical feed pumps disabled and the backup pump not enabled." Nuclear Energy and Technology 7, no. 3 (September 23, 2021): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nucet.7.72394.
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Introduction. The article analyzes the operation of Unit 1 and 2 of Novovoronezh Nuclear Power Plant II (equipped with VVER-1200 reactors) with two electrical feed pumps disabled and the backup pump not enabled. These operating conditions are subsequently simulated using the power unit model software-hardware package (PUM SHC) developed by LLC IF SNIIP ATOM. Research objectives. The objective of this work was to check the reliability of the forecasts of changes in the power unit parameters obtained using the PUM SHC, based on operational data. Methods. The simulated power unit parameter changes in transient conditions were in good agreement with the data collected in real tests. During the simulation, the power unit dynamic stability was preserved, i.e., the operational parameters were within the design limits and did not exceed the protection operation set points. Results. The results of the work suggest the possibility of using current NPP power unit simulations: for developing proposals for adjusting the operation control algorithms in case of malfunctions and emergency modes with the main equipment shutdown and power unit protection actuation; and for verifying design solutions for updating the power unit systems, which are associated with the use of new equipment or changes in flow diagrams. Conclusion. Current power unit models can be applied both for existing power units and for new ones that are being commissioned.
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OʼHARA, JEROME F., and THOMAS L. HIGGINS. "Total electrical power failure in a cardiothoracic intensive care unit." Critical Care Medicine 20, no. 6 (June 1992): 840–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-199206000-00023.
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Hassan, Ahmed, and Jawad Al-Ali. "Microprocessor-Controlled AVR of an Electrical Power Generating Unit.(Dept.E)." MEJ. Mansoura Engineering Journal 10, no. 2 (June 12, 2021): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/bfemu.2021.177219.
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Xu, Kelu, Ning Xie, Chengmin Wang, and Xudong Shi. "Modeling and Simulation of Variable Speed Variable Frequency Electrical Power System in More Electric Aircraft." Open Electrical & Electronic Engineering Journal 11, no. 1 (April 17, 2017): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874129001711010087.
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The More Electric Aircraft (MEA), Variable Speed Variable Frequency (VSVF) and Electrical Power System (EPS) has lager generating capacity and higher energy efficiency than the conventional Constant Speed Constant Frequency EPS, but the generators of MEA have to working as redundant power supplies to improve the power supply reliability, instead of parallel power supply. To study the steady state operation and power source change strategies under different fault conditions of VSVF EPS, the integrated structure of VSVF EPS is firstly illustrated and operating principles of components are theorized. The key components including variable frequency generators, Bus Power Control Unit, rectifiers and other supplementary elements are then simulated to build a comprehensive VSVF EPS model on the platform of Simulink and the power source change strategies are realized by logic units. Finally, the stability analysis in terms of normal operation is carried out in case studies and power source exchange strategies in different situations are summarized. The results show that the model proposed by the paper can be used to simulate MEA VSVF EPS and analyze its whole operational process effectively and efficiently.
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Elhaj, Mohamed A., Moustfa M. Mahgub, and Kassim K. Matrawy. "Thermal Analysis of Combined Cycle Power Plant with Desalination Unit." Advanced Materials Research 658 (January 2013): 430–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.658.430.
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The aim of the present study is to utilize the excess energy of combined cycle power plant (CCPP) in desalination unit in cases of low electrical demand loading conditions. The main components of proposed (CCPP) included the gas turbine and steam turbine units. Gas turbine produces the major part of the developed power, while the steam turbine produces the remaining one in case of peak loading conditions. For the case of base load, the excess energy of steam turbine is used in desalination unit.
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Oksen, Yurii, Olena Trofymova, Oleksandr Bobryshov, Anatolii Lukisha, and Volodymyr Pryvalov. "Gas engines secondary heat recovery to electrical energy." E3S Web of Conferences 109 (2019): 00066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910900066.
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The schema for gas engine waste heat recovery to electrical power by dual circuit power generation unit with different working agents has been developed. The method and the most efficient power generation unit heat mode calculation algorithm under the conditions of the given restrictions on the temperature differences in the heat exchangers has been developed. Based on the mathematical modeling of heat modes it has been stated that 4200 kW of heat power can be utilized to generate 520 kW of electrical power for JMS 620 gas engine. It has been calculated that the efficiency of secondary heat recovery to electrical power reaches 12.3 % which leads general efficiency increase for a gas engine from 42.9 up to 50.0 %.
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Komalasari, Endah, Rahmattulloh Rahmattulloh, and Herri Gusmedi. "The Influence of Change Load Against Fuel Cost in Coal-fired Power Tarahan Lampung Unit 3 and 4." INSIST 2, no. 1 (April 1, 2017): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/ins.v2i1.27.
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Abstract—The operation of a power plant depends on fuel where fuel costs are incurred on a generating unit is a function of the plant load. The ability power plant carry the load determine the reliability of an electrical system, hence the power raised always be done equal to needs in side load all the time. Fluctuations demand of electrical power in side load will cause fluctuations change fuel cost. In this paper, the correlation both commonly called input-output characteristics of the power plant needs to be determined. These characteristics declared total input tons of coal per hour is used and net electrical output where the output power is available to the electric utility. One way to achieve this goal is to match polynomial regression on the data using a second order polynomial. This model allows the study of the incremental fuel cost resulting from a change load in a coal-fired power plant.Keywords—Coal-fired power, economic dispatch, incremental cost characteristics, input-output characteristics, second order polynomial regression.
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APRELKOV, Ivan N. "Study Results of the Electrical Parameters of the High-Power "Ladle-Furnace" Unit and its Impact on the Power Supply Network." Elektrichestvo 3, no. 3 (2021): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24160/0013-5380-2021-3-33-43.
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The steel refinement and its chemical composition and temperature finalization processes in a pouring ladle carried out by heating the metal with electric arc have received wide use at modern metallurgical enterprises. The article considers the electrical operating conditions of the ladle furnace unit (LFU) equipped with a 40 MVA electric furnace transformer. It was expected that the LFU load would vary insignificantly, because the electric arc burns between the electrodes and the surface of already molten metal, without the occurrence of short circuits. However, the accomplished studies testify that the LFU load is abruptly variable and nonlinear in nature, and gives rise to significant voltage fluctuations and harmonic distortions in the power supply network. The flicker intensity (severity) factor has been estimated, and the level of current harmonic components generated due to LFU operation has been determined. By using the obtained results, it becomes possible to predict the influence of LFU electric operating conditions on the levels of electric power quality indicators in changing the power supply network parameters, and to adopt circuit engineering solutions for assuring the electric power quality in the plant electric power supply system.
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Langston, Lee S. "The Elephant in the Room–Gas Turbine Power." Mechanical Engineering 132, no. 12 (December 1, 2010): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2010-dec-8.
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This article presents an overview of gas turbine combined cycle (CCGT) power plants. Modern CCGT power plants are producing electric power as high as half a gigawatt with thermal efficiencies approaching the 60% mark. In a CCGT power plant, the gas turbine is the key player, driving an electrical generator. Heat from the hot gas turbine exhaust is recovered in a heat recovery steam generator, to generate steam, which drives a steam turbine to generate more electrical power. Thus, it is a combined power plant burning one unit of fuel to supply two sources of electrical power. Most of these CCGT plants burn natural gas, which has the lowest carbon content of any other hydrocarbon fuel. Their near 60% thermal efficiencies lower fuel costs by almost half compared to other gas-fired power plants. Their installed capital cost is the lowest in the electric power industry. Moreover, environmental permits, necessary for new plant construction, are much easier to obtain for CCGT power plants.
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Klyuyev, O., and E. Khmelnitsky. "PROPERTIES OF THE REACTIVE POWER OF THE ASYNCHRONOUS MACHINE AS A LOAD OF THE ELECTRIC NETWORK." Collection of scholarly papers of Dniprovsk State Technical University (Technical Sciences) 2, no. 37 (April 23, 2021): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31319/2519-2884.37.2020.6.
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It is known that the voltage mode of the electrical network is associated with the balance of reactive power and directly affects the operation of production equipment. A typical static characteristic of a power supply unit in terms of reactive power, obtained for a load composition characteristic of electrical networks, is an extreme function with a minimum point. It is the presence of a minimum point in the dependence of reactive power on voltage that makes it possible to develop this type of instability as a voltage avalanche. This mode is especially dangerous for industrial units with abruptly variable loads, which can create significant fluctuations in the supply voltage, which significantly affects the operation of powerful asynchronous motors. Therefore, the issues of the relationship between the parameters mode of the electrical network and the properties of electrical loads are always important, especially asynchronous machines as the main consumer of electricity, which largely determines the properties of the generalized reactive power curve of the entire load unit. Literary sources do not explain in detail why the curve of the dependence of the reactive power of the power supply unit on voltage has a minimum. The article sets out this issue in sufficient detail for asynchronous machines as the main consumer of reactive power in electrical networks. The task is to obtain the dependence of the reactive power of an induction machine with a squirrel-cage rotor on the voltage of the supply network, as well as to determine the criteria for controlling reactive power flows in order to inadmissibly reduce the voltage in the load unit. As a result, based on the system of equations of an asynchronous machine, the dependence of its reactive power on the supply voltage of the network was derived. The mathematical properties of this function are investigated with a physical justification of its unimodality and the presence of a minimum point. The obtained expressions make it possible to determine the magnitude of the control action on the high-speed reactive power compensation devices to stabilize the voltage level in the power supply unit.
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Ma, Dong Mei. "Design of Electric Power Steering for Forklift Based on ARM." Applied Mechanics and Materials 347-350 (August 2013): 548–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.347-350.548.
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After analyzing Electric Power Steering (EPS) and electric control unit (ECU), a controller system based on ARM LPC1752 is designed. Direction control circuit, H-bridge control circuit and PWM technology were used to control a motor. The PD fuzzy control algorithm was used to control the steering system too. The system has got through the test of relevant electrical properties. Practical use shows that the system has good control performance.
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Ju, Yuntao, Jiankai Wang, Fuchao Ge, Yi Lin, Mingyu Dong, Dezhi Li, Kun Shi, and Haibo Zhang. "Unit Commitment Accommodating Large Scale Green Power." Applied Sciences 9, no. 8 (April 18, 2019): 1611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9081611.
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As more clean energy sources contribute to the electrical grid, the stress on generation scheduling for peak-shaving increases. This is a concern in several provinces of China that have many nuclear power plants, such as Guangdong and Fujian. Studies on the unit commitment (UC) problem involving the characteristics of both wind and nuclear generation are urgently needed. This paper first describes a model of nuclear power and wind power for the UC problem, and then establishes an objective function for the total cost of nuclear and thermal power units, including the cost of fuel, start-stop and peak-shaving. The operating constraints of multiple generation unit types, the security constraints of the transmission line, and the influence of non-gauss wind power uncertainty on the spinning reserve capacity of the system are considered. Meanwhile, a model of an energy storage system (ESS) is introduced to smooth the wind power uncertainty. Due to the prediction error of wind power, the spinning reserve capacity of the system will be affected by the uncertainty. Over-provisioning of spinning reserve capacity is avoided by introducing chance constraints. This is followed by the design of a UC model applied to different power sources, such as nuclear power, thermal power, uncertain wind power, and ESS. Finally, the feasibility of the UC model in the scheduling of a multi-type generation unit is verified by the modified IEEE RTS 24-bus system accommodating large scale green generation units.
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Heydeman, J., and W. W. Schongs. "Power Invariance Transformation in Power Systems." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 37, no. 2 (April 2000): 180–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/ijeee.37.2.7.
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Many textbooks describe a balanced three-phase circuit by a single-phase equivalent representation. Confusion may arise amongst students regarding per-unit values of line-to-line voltages and phase voltages and, therefore, about the magnitudes of currents and powers. This paper proposes that students must first be taught symmetrical components based on power invariance transformation. A balanced three-phase circuit is to be described only in terms of positive sequence components. In the authors' experience, students understand this approach better and make fewer errors in per-unit calculation than when they use the single-phase equivalent representation.
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Pochiraju, T., V. F. Fusco, J. Francey, and H. Schmassmann. "Low-power variable impedance load/tuning unit." Electronics Letters 44, no. 21 (2008): 1258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20082283.
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Khodaverdian, E., A. Brameller, and R. M. Dunnett. "Semi-rigorous thermal unit commitment for large scale electrical power systems." IEE Proceedings C Generation, Transmission and Distribution 133, no. 4 (1986): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-c.1986.0028.
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Sreenivasa reddy, M., A. Shubhangi Rao, and Ch Sai Prakash. "MLR institute of technology campus energy monitoring and controlling system with interconnection of grid and solar power." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 9, no. 2 (April 18, 2020): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v9i2.30537.
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This paper mainly deals with energy consumption and monitoring of each block after carefully observing where the losses occur and how to minimize these losses and how to reduce unit consumption of each block and units consumed by capacitor bank. Base loads and Peak loads can be observed and operated in such a way as to reduce unit consumption.MLR college has 315KVA power from the grid as well as 260KW solar power generating unit where 40 percent of the power from the grid is saved. Proper planning for operating the underground bore motors used for Hostels, Mess and College buildings also saves some amount of units consumed by these motors. Further if power factor is maintained 0.99 instead of 0.2 or 0.3 some amount of units consumed can be saved. Further if maximum demand is prevented from reaching beyond the transformer rating then some amount of units consumed can be saved. Installing copper earth pits of suitable numbers for each block and balancing the loads in each phase can also reduce the losses.Synchronizing panel is to be connected to the existing 4 generators of rating 200KVA,180KVA and two numbers of 125 KVA to utilize the power resources properly.The common electrical problems like short circuit, open circuit, over voltage, low voltage, frequent power cuts, low power factor, high electricity bills damage in the meters etc. The above electrical problems are identified, rectified and frequently monitored through modern technologies like IOT.
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Bongini, Lorenzo, Rosa Anna Mastromauro, Daniele Sgrò, and Fabrizio Malvaldi. "Electrical Damping Assessment and Stability Considerations for a Highly Electrified Liquefied Natural Gas Plant." Energies 13, no. 10 (May 20, 2020): 2612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13102612.
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In recent years, the Oil & Gas industry has been subjected to a progressive electrification process aiming to comply with global environmental requirements on CO2 emissions reduction. High-power electric motors fed by Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) have replaced gas turbines as drivers for gas compression applications. In Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) plants, unexpected downturns could be experienced in case of high torsional vibrations of power generations units. These torsional vibrations derive from the interaction among turbine-generator (TG) units and VFDs and are known as Sub-Synchronous Torsional Interactions (SSTIs). SSTIs can lead to instability when the overall electromechanical system lacks sufficient damping. In this scenario, electrical damping assessment is fundamental in order to ensure stability and reliable operation of an LNG plant. Negative electrical damping is strictly related to the negative incremental resistance behavior of the power converters and it is influenced by the converter’s control system. In this paper, a real case study based on Thyristor Variable Frequency Drives (TVFDs) is considered. Ad hoc dynamic models of the power converters and of the TG unit are developed and combined in order to provide an accurate estimation of the electrical damping. It is demonstrated that the electrical damping is affected by variations of the main control system parameters and how the use of a simplified model instead of an ad hoc model can impact the stability evaluation.
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Rušeljuk, Pavel, Kertu Lepiksaar, Andres Siirde, and Anna Volkova. "Economic Dispatch of CHP Units through District Heating Network’s Demand-Side Management." Energies 14, no. 15 (July 28, 2021): 4553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14154553.
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Optimisation of heat and electrical load distribution, where the objective function is the maximum efficiency of the CHP unit for a given load range, can be done considering the limitations of electrical power and the heat load. Simulating a real CHP unit with a district heating network shows that demand-side management can improve the overall economic efficiency of the CHP plant and increase the unit’s operating range in the electricity spot market. Economic dispatch makes it possible to determine a reasonable additional increase in the electric power of the CHP unit, and to optimise the supply temperature and mass flow of the district heating network. The results obtained and the analysis performed indicate that the proposed methodology provides logical results and can be used to calculate the efficiency indicators of the cogeneration of electrical and thermal energy. The problem of optimising the operating mode of the CHP unit was solved, which allows us to determine the optimal additional increase in the unit’s electrical load at a given heat load of consumers, which on average increases the CHP unit’s efficiency up to an additional 1.5%.
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Hraniak, Valerii, Ihor Kupchuk, and Volodymyr Gontar. "METHOD AND DEVICE OF DIRECT AUTOMATED MEASURING CONTROL OF THE INSULATION OF THE WINDING OF ELECTRIC MACHINES." ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC, no. 2(109) (August 27, 2020): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2020-2-14.
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Today, the vast majority of technological processes, both production and agriculture, are based on the use of electric machines. Among which, a significant part of production equipment requires the use of electric motors, the power of which exceeds hundreds of kilowatts. Such electric machines have also become widespread as generating equipment, where they are an integral part of power plants, both using traditional energy sources (thermal power plants, nuclear power plants, etc.), and renewable (hydroelectric power plants, wind farms, etc.), where the unit power of a single electrical machine is usually higher than in other sectors of economy. When operating such equipment, systems for monitoring a significant number of technological parameters are often used, and in real time it characterizes the modes of their operation. This approach makes it possible to increase the reliability of operation and, with a fairly high probability, to avoid large-scale man-made threats that can be caused by an emergency failure of power electric machines (including powerful electric generators), which are quite often accompanied by the destruction of supporting structures, structural elements of industrial premises and can pose a threat to the life and health of production personnel. But the use of even the most modern systems for monitoring the technical condition does not provide one hundred percent reliability, and when operating electrical machines with a nominal power of the order of units of MW and below, their use can significantly increase the total cost of equipment with a still quite high level of occurrence of a serious man-made accident. Therefore, the development of direct methods and means for measuring the technical parameters of electrical machines in general, and insulation parameters in particular, is an urgent scientific and applied problem. In the article was proposed a new method of direct automated measuring control of insulation of windings of an electric machine, based on the use of combined signals to determine the technical parameters of the insulation of electrical machine units. And also, the design of the measuring control has been developed, it implements the proposed method.
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Baek, Sejin, and Gyunyoung Heo. "Application of Dynamic Fault Tree Analysis to Prioritize Electric Power Systems in Nuclear Power Plants." Energies 14, no. 14 (July 8, 2021): 4119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144119.
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Because the scope of risk assessments at nuclear power plants (NPPs) is being extended both spatially and temporally, conventional, or static fault trees might not be able to express failure mechanisms, or they could be unnecessarily conservative in their expression. Therefore, realistic assessment techniques are needed to adequately capture accident scenarios. In multi-unit probabilistic safety assessment (PSA), fault trees naturally become more complex as the number of units increases. In particular, when considering a shared facility between units of the electric power system (EPS), static fault trees (SFTs) that prioritize a specific unit are limited in implementing interactions between units. However, dynamic fault trees (DFTs) can be available without this limitation by using dynamic gates. Therefore, this study implements SFTs and DFTs for an EPS of two virtual NPPs and compares their results. In addition, to demonstrate the dynamic characteristics of the shared facilities, a station blackout (SBO), which causes the power system to lose its function, is assumed—especially with an inter-unit shared facility, AAC DG (Alternate AC Diesel Generator). To properly model the dynamic characteristics of the shared EPS in DFTs, a modified dynamic gate and algorithm are introduced, and a Monte Carlo simulation is adopted to quantify the DFT models. Through the analysis of the DFT, it is possible to confirm the actual connection priority of AAC DG according to the situation of units in a site. In addition, it is confirmed that some conservative results presented by the SFT can be evaluated from a more realistic perspective by reflecting this.
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Mano, Chanita, Kriangsak Prompak, and Atthakorn Thongtha. "Magnetic Material Generator for Producing Electricity from Mechanical Energy in Air Conditioner Condenser Unit." Applied Mechanics and Materials 865 (June 2017): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.865.149.
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This research aimed to study the possibility of producing the electricity from mechanical energy in the condensing unit of air conditioner. The electrical generator with the capacity of around 28 W was operated with the rotor motor of the condensing unit of air conditioner. Then, the electricity generator was tested with the room dimension of 6.60 m x 5.15 m x 2.60 m. The quantity of electric voltage, current, power, ambient and room temperature, ambient and room humidity was recorded for 3 days during a working period from 8 am to 5 pm. The results show that the electrical generator with the capacity of 28 W is suitable because it was not a load of motor in the condensing unit which was checked by the rotation frequency. Approximately 0.065 A of current, 85 V of voltage and 5.5 W of electrical power were constantly produced from the generator during the period of 8 am to 5 pm. The potential of electricity generation was around 14.1 W/day.
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ZEMTSOV, Artem I. "POWER SUPPLY EFFICIENCY INCREASE OF THE GAS-COMPRESSOR WORKSHOP DUE TO MICROGRID FORMATION ON THE BASIS OF OWN NEED GAS-DISTRIBUTING UNITS GENERATORS." Urban construction and architecture 9, no. 3 (September 15, 2019): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2019.03.22.
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The possibility of the direct current use in the enterprise intra shop power supply systems for the electric power loss reduction purpose, the power supply reliability and the electromagnetic compatibility problem solution is considered. The structural direct current micro network scheme on the basis of own need generators, equipping gas-distributing units for gas-compressor workshop electrical generating system, is suggested. The use of these generators at changeable shaft speed is analyzed, with a possibility of regulation of gas-distributing unit capacity for the transporting gas optimization mode. The own need generators combination in the micro network for the purpose of energy surplus use for the gas air coolers power supply is essential.
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Gonzalez-Castellanos, Alvaro, Priyanko Guha Thakurta, and Aldo Bischi. "Congestion management via increasing integration of electric and thermal energy infrastructures." E3S Web of Conferences 238 (2021): 05005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123805005.
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Congestion caused in the electrical network due to renewable generation can be effectively managed by integrating electric and thermal infrastructures, the latter being represented by large scale District Heating (DH) networks, often fed by large combined heat and power (CHP) plants. The CHP plants could further improve the profit margin of district heating multi-utilities by selling electricity in the power market by adjusting the ratio between generated heat and power. The latter is possible only for certain CHP plants, which allow decoupling the two commodities generation, namely the ones provided by two independent variables (degrees-of-freedom) or by integrating them with thermal energy storage and Power-to-Heat (P2H) units. CHP units can, therefore, help in the congestion management of the electricity network. A detailed mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) optimization model is introduced for solving the network-constrained unit commitment of integrated electric and thermal infrastructures. The developed model contains a detailed characterization of the useful effects of CHP units, i.e., heat and power, as a function of one and two independent variables. A lossless DC flow approximation models the electricity transmission network. The district heating model includes the use of gas boilers, electric boilers, and thermal energy storage. The conducted studies on IEEE 24 bus system highlight the importance of a comprehensive analysis of multi-energy systems to harness the flexibility derived from the joint operation of electric and heat sectors and managing congestion in the electrical network.
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Šnīders, Andris. "ENERGOECONOMICS OF ELECTRICAL DRIVES FOR WASTE WATER AERATION UNITS." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 20, 2001): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2001vol1.1959.
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This article discusses essential aspects of Induction motor’s (IM) selection for reconstruction projects of waste water purification plants as well eventual saving o f electric power in waste water pneumatic aeration units by using regurable electrical drives. Experience has proven that it is almost always cost effective to raplace old unefficient motor with new energy efficient and reliable unit. Anyway economical calculations must be perform. The paper considers methods and results o f economic effect calculation from energy savings in three phase IM dependent on their efficiency, power factor, operation time and reliability. The higher the motor’s energetic indices, the higher the effect from electrical energy saving and the lower the payment time of additional charges. Most electric power is consumed during waste water pneumatic aeration because it is an uninterrupted process. Analysis of the biological oxygen need for communal waste water purification prove that the medium required air blower’s productivity is 50- 60% of maximum value. Therefore the regulation of air blowers by using frequency converter is vitally important for energy saving and profitability o f communal waste water biological purification plants. Calculations show that use of reguable air blower with frequency converter is profitable for medium and large scale purification plants. The payment time of the additional charges for frequency converter and automation are about 2 years and lower if the rated power of air blower’s electrical drive is 15 kW and higher, but medium energy saving exceeds 30% in comparison with rated value.
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Tashakor, Nima, Bita Arabsalmanabadi, Farzad Iraji, and Kamal Al‐Haddad. "Power sharing strategy for multi‐source electrical auxiliary power unit with bi‐directional interaction capability." IET Power Electronics 13, no. 8 (June 2020): 1554–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-pel.2019.0715.
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Nechaieva, T. P. "Modeling of flexible nuclear power unit operational modes in the mathematical model of the Ukraine’s power system daily electric load profile dispatching." Problems of General Energy 2021, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/pge2021.01.029.
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The use of large amounts of existing baseload NPPs capacities with a significant increase in renewable generation in the mathematical model of optimal dispatching of generating capacities of Ukraine’s power system leads to a significant surplus of electricity during peak power generation at solar PV’s, which necessitates additional sources of flexibility of the power system, such as battery electricity storage systems. The projects of new advanced nuclear power units provide for their use in flexible load modes with a maximum unloading of up to 50% of the rated capacity. Advanced NPP power units with small modular reactors are designed for even greater more maneuverable operation with possible unloading of up to 20% of rated capacity. The article presents approaches to modeling the use of NPP power units in variable load modes in the mathematical model of the optimal daily load schedule dispatching of Integrated Power System of Ukraine. The first approach is to model the operation of NPP power units similar to modeling the participation of cycling TPP units in covering the daily electrical load profile of the power system, in particular, changes in generation power in the range from minimum to nominal load levels, load rate. The second approach is to determination for each nuclear power unit of variants of modes of their hourly loading, the choice of one of which is made as a result of optimization. The modeling results showed that the choice of optimal flexible loading modes of new nuclear power units allows to provide the load balance of the power system almost completely with available capacities, including cycling TPP units, and the use of pump-storage generating units to transfer excess PV generation at peak hours of electricity consumption, which avoids the use of battery storage systems. Keywords: mathematical model of dispatching, operational mode, nuclear power unit, daily electric load profile, power system
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Ding, Xiao Dong, and Yan An Wang. "Prototype Design of Rectifier Transformer for High Power Density." Applied Mechanics and Materials 313-314 (March 2013): 797–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.313-314.797.
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The traditional high-voltage high-frequency transformer has a drawback of low power density due to the rigorous requirements of high voltage insulation. This paper proposes a new configuration for the magnetic core based on planar EE cores. The parallel connection of planar cores was adopted as a unit, and several units were cascaded to form the high-voltage transformer. The electrical potential distribution of the proposed transformer is more uniform than a traditional transformer, and enables a decrease in the insulation distances. The mechanical configuration of a laboratory prototype is discussed, as well as the electrical, parasitic, and thermal behaviors.
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Gao, Shan, Yiqing Zhang, and Yu Liu. "Incorporating Concentrating Solar Power into High Renewables Penetrated Power System: A Chance-Constrained Stochastic Unit Commitment Analysis." Applied Sciences 9, no. 11 (June 6, 2019): 2340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9112340.
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High renewables penetrated power systems would be greatly influenced by the uncertainty of variable renewable energy such as wind power and photovoltaic power. Unlike wind and photovoltaic plant, concentrating solar power with thermal energy storage has similar dispatchable characteristics as conventional thermal unit. Besides, thermal energy storage could support the coordinated operation of concentrating solar power with an electrical heater, which can be employed to convert surplus electricity in the grid into thermal power stored in thermal energy storage for further utilization. In this paper, concentrating solar power is incorporated into a chance-constrained two-stage stochastic unit commitment model. The model considers the energy and reserve services of concentrating solar power and the uncertainty of renewables. The proposed method is employed to assess the role of a concentrating solar power station with thermal energy storage and an electrical heater to provide grid flexibility in high renewables penetrated power systems. Numerical studies are performed on a modified IEEE 24-bus system to validate the viability of the proposed method for the day-ahead stochastic scheduling. The results demonstrate the economic and reliable value of concentrating solar power station to the improvement of unit commitment schedule, to the mitigation of wind uncertainty and photovoltaic uncertainty, and to the reduction of traditional unit reserve requirement. It is concluded that concentrating solar power with thermal energy storage and an electrical heater is effective in promoting the further penetration of renewables.
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Bagnoli, Michele, Bruno Belvedere, Michele Bianchi, Alberto Borghetti, Andrea De Pascale, and Mario Paolone. "A Feasibility Study of an Auxiliary Power Unit Based on a PEM Fuel Cell for On-Board Applications." Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology 3, no. 4 (March 27, 2006): 445–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2349527.
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Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells show characteristics of high power density, low operating temperature, and fast start-up capability, which make them potentially suitable to replace conventional power sources (e.g., internal combustion engines) as auxiliary power units (APU) for on-board applications. This paper presents a methodology for a preliminary investigation on either sizing and operating management of the main components of an on-board power system composed by: (i) PEM fuel cell, (ii) hydrogen storage subsystem, (iii) battery, (iv) grid interface for the connection to an external electrical power source when available, and (v) electrical appliances and auxiliaries installed on the vehicle. A model able to reproduce the typical profiles of electric power requests of on-board appliances and auxiliaries has been implemented in a computer program. The proposed methodology helps also to define the sizing of the various system components and to identify the fuel cell operating sequence, on the basis of the above mentioned load profiles.
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Swetha, B., L. Prasanna, N. T. Anjum, and Ravi Chandra. "Footstep Power Generation System." International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 6, no. 5 (May 31, 2020): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst060517.
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The production of electric power from the foot step movement of the peoples and the pressure exerted during walking which is fritter away, is the main theme of this paper. The mechanical power transformation into electrical power as the pressure exerted by the footstep and by using transducers is basically called as “Foot step power generation system”. Power is produced by the power generating floor and it is basically the production of electrical energy from kinetic energy. As today electricity demand is increasing and it is unable to overcome this global issue by using the traditional power generating sources. Demand and supply gap is the major issue of energy crisis. The main aim is to overcome the power crisis throughout the world although it is not enough to fulfill over excessive demand of electrical energy but it will be able to change and decrease reliance on old method of generating electricity. We can generate 1 megawatt of power if we have a 100 floor, as we are able to model a power production floor which can generate up to 1000 watt on just twelve footsteps means one unit and it is capable to generate 10000w power for just 120 footsteps. It can be installed on road side footpath, parks and jogging tracks and many other public place, airport etc. and have great impact of this and will create great difference in the electrical power generation system
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Setlak, Lucjan, and Rafał Kowalik. "Model and Simulation of Permanent Magnets Synchronous Machine (PMSM) of the Electric Power Supply System (EPS), in Accordance with the Concept of a More Electric Aircraft (MEA)." ITM Web of Conferences 16 (2018): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20181603004.
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Based on the mathematical model of synchronous electric machine, basing on permanent magnets, presented in this paper, the key importance of alternator AC power sources in the form of generator (for conventional aircraft) and in the form of integrated unit starter/AC synchronous generator S/G AC (with respect to advanced aircraft concept in the field of more/all electric power MEA/AEA) was highlighted. In addition, through the analysis and selected simulations of the power supply system of a modern aircrafts, sources of onboard electrical energy (synchronous generator, integrated unit starter/AC generator) were located in board autonomic power system ASE (EPS, PES). Key components of this system are the electro-energetic power system EPS and the energo-electronic power system PES. Additionally, the analysis and exemplary simulations of key electricity sources based on mathematical models have contributed to highlighting the main practical applications in line with the trend of a more electric aircraft.
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Varshney, Gunjan, Durg S. Chauhan, Madhukar P. Dave, and Nitin. "Unit Template Based Control of PV-DSTATCOM." Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Electrical & Electronic Engineering) 13, no. 1 (February 20, 2020): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2352096511666181018112853.
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Background: In modern electrical power distribution systems, Power Quality has become an important concern due to the escalating use of automatic, microprocessor and microcontroller based end user applications. Methods: In this paper, power quality improvement has done using Photovoltaic based Distribution Static Compensator (PV-DSTATCOM). Complete simulation modelling and control of Photovoltaic based Distribution Static Compensator have been provided in the presented paper. In this configuration, DSTATCOM is fed by solar photovoltaic array and PV module is also helpful to maintain the DC link voltage. The switching of PV-STATCOM is controlled by Unit template based control theory. Results: The performance of PV-DSTATCOM has been evaluated for Unity Power Factor (UPF) and AC Voltage Control (ACVC) modes. Here, for studying the power quality issues three-phase distribution system is considered and results have been verified through simulation based on MATLAB software. Conclusion: Different power quality issues and their improvement are studied and presented here for harmonic reduction, DC voltage regulation and power factor correction.