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Journal articles on the topic 'Electric resistance'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2024

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1

SUGATA, Yuki, Tomohiro KOYANO, Akira HOSOKAWA, and Tatsuaki FURUMOTO. "1106 Miniaturization of Micro EDM Using High Electric Resistance Electrode." Proceedings of International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st century : LEM21 2015.8 (2015): _1106–1_—_1106–6_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmelem.2015.8._1106-1_.

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2

Todoroki, Akira, Kazuomi Omagari, and Yoshinobu Shimamura. "OS09W0053 Matrix crack detections of CFRP using electric resistance changes." Abstracts of ATEM : International Conference on Advanced Technology in Experimental Mechanics : Asian Conference on Experimental Mechanics 2003.2 (2003): _OS09W0053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeatem.2003.2._os09w0053.

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3

Suzuki, Kenji, Hiroyuki Saimoto, and Yoshihiro Shigemasa. "Electric resistance of chitosan derivatives." Carbohydrate Polymers 39, no. 2 (June 1999): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0144-8617(98)00166-0.

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4

Berezhnaya, E. V., V. D. Kuznetsov, V. D. Kassov, and P. A. Gavrish. "Investigation of microplastic deformation of metal deposited by electric resistance method." Paton Welding Journal 2017, no. 7 (July 28, 2017): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/tpwj2017.07.04.

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5

Kaleko, D. M. "On the problem of contact electric resistance of different-sized surfaces." Paton Welding Journal 2019, no. 1 (January 28, 2019): 2–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/tpwj2019.01.01.

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6

Kůdela, Vlastimil, and Jan Lokaj. "Electrically Induced Structural Changes in Quaternized Methyl Methacrylate-N-[2-methyl-5-(dimethylamino)phenyl]maleimide Copolymer Membranes." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 60, no. 10 (1995): 1728–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19951728.

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Homogeneous membranes were prepared by casting chloroform solutions of methyl methacrylate-N-[2-methyl-5-(dimethylamino)phenyl]maleimide copolymers containing 2.3-8.7 mole % of the imide. After quaternization with methyl iodide, diffusive permeabilities and electric resistances (both with alternating and direct current) of the membranes were determined. During the passage of electric current a substantial decrease (2-10 fold) in the membrane resistance was observed; the lower the imide content was, the greater was the effect. The decrease suggests structural changes in the membranes due to electrohydrodynamic convection of unstable polymer chains caused by electric force. Significant correlations between the imide content and the resistance, both before and after the treatment with electric current, were found. According to oriented concentration potentials, the internal symmetry of the membranes was also affected by electric current.

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7

SUZUKI, Goh. "Electric Resistance Visualization by Infrared Images." Journal of the Visualization Society of Japan 28-1, no. 1 (2008): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/jvs.28.191.

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8

Polishchuk, Ya A. "Microprocessor control of resistance electric furnaces." Metal Science and Heat Treatment 31, no. 1 (January 1989): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00735323.

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9

Davydov, A. D., Ya I. Evstratikova, N. O. Shaposhnikov, and G. G. Klimov. "Electric Resistance Welding of Dissimilar Pipes." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 986 (December 12, 2020): 012043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/986/1/012043.

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10

Chook, Kam Chee, and Ai Hui Tan. "Identification of an Electric Resistance Furnace." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 56, no. 6 (December 2007): 2262–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2007.907960.

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11

Kutsenko, V. P., A. P. Yanenko, and S. V. Udovychenko. "System for measuring electric resistance skin." Visnyk NTUU KPI Seriia - Radiotekhnika Radioaparatobuduvannia, no. 62 (September 30, 2015): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/radap.2015.62.87-93.

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12

Zhuang, Yan-Feng, and Zhao Wang. "Interface Electric Resistance of Electroosmotic Consolidation." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 133, no. 12 (December 2007): 1617–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2007)133:12(1617).

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13

Gede Yohanes Arygunartha, Kadek Agus Mahabojana Dwi Prayoga, and Ni Luh Putu Putri Setianingsih. "The level of electrical resistance on electrolyte materials." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 19, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.19.3.1767.

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Electricity causes a variety of well-known effects, such as lightning, static electricity, electromagnetic induction, and electric current. The presence of electricity can also generate and receive electromagnetic radiation such as radio waves. Electric current flowing from the voltage source through the wires to the light switch. Wires that carry electric current can be made of a variety of electrically conductive materials. Examples of electrical wire materials include aluminum, gold, silver, copper, and others. Electrical resistance is the property of an object or material to resist or restrain the flow of electric current. According to the principle of Ohm's law, the magnitude of the resistance of an electric circuit determines the amount of electric current flowing in the circuit for every voltage applied to the circuit. The amount of resistance of the conductor is determined by the length of the wire, the cross-sectional area and the type of resistance. Electric current, or dynamic electricity, is the flow that occurs due to a large electric charge. Electric charges move from one point to another, and these events occur successively per unit time. The international unit for electric current is the A or ampere. When writing the formula, the meaning of electric current is illustrated by the symbol I (current). We can use a tool called Basic meter to determine the amount of electric current. If you want to know the amount of voltage, you can use a voltmeter. The ammeter (ammeter) measures the strength of the electric current. The cross-sectional area shows the surface area of the wire, while the length of the wire shows the length of the wire used. Copper is an electrical conductor in many classes of electrical cables. Copper wire is used in power generation, power transmission, power distribution, telecommunications, electronic circuits and countless other electrical devices.

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14

Schaap, Leo H. J., and Paul M. B. Föhn. "Cone penetration testing in snow." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 24, no. 3 (August 1, 1987): 335–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t87-044.

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The application of the electric cone penetrometer test in snow has been investigated and compared with results from the ram penetrometer test, which is normally used for snow profiling and slope stability analysis. A special cone penetrometer system was built consisting of a sensitive 1 cm2 electric cone, depth transducer, and battery-operated chart recorder. The instruments were tested in April 1985 at three different locations in the Swiss Alps and the test results were compared with those of the ram penetrometer tests.The tests yielded repeatable results up to a depth of 4 m with a high resolution of different snow layers. The electric cone tests show more layers than found in the ram profile and snow pit analyses. In soft snow the ram resistances appear to be, on average, about 30% lower than cone resistance values. Recommendations are given for the future use of electric cone penetration testing in snow. Key words: snow, snowpack analysis, cone penetration test, ram penetrometer, cone resistance, ram resistance, ram number.

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15

Ogi, Keiji, and Yoshihiro Takao. "OS09W0096 Effect of loading and thermal history on electric resistance in CFRP." Abstracts of ATEM : International Conference on Advanced Technology in Experimental Mechanics : Asian Conference on Experimental Mechanics 2003.2 (2003): _OS09W0096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeatem.2003.2._os09w0096.

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16

VITKALOV, SERGEY. "NONLINEAR TRANSPORT OF 2D ELECTRONS IN CROSSED ELECTRIC AND QUANTIZING MAGNETIC FIELDS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, no. 23 (September 20, 2009): 4727–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209054090.

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Nonlinear resistance of highly mobile two-dimensional electrons placed in crossed electric and strong magnetic fields attracts considerable contemporary interest. The resistance shows remarkably strong and nontrivial dependence on the electric field E in both microwave and dc responses. At small electric fields, the resistance demonstrates impressive several-fold reduction with the electric field, which is unusual for degenerate electron systems. A higher electric field induces appreciable oscillations of the resistance with both electric and magnetic fields. Zero resistance and zero differential resistance states of the 2D electrons are observed in these strongly nonlinear systems. Experiments show that the nonlinearities are related to a quantization of the electron spectrum in magnetic fields. Essential progress has been achieved in the theoretical description of dominant mechanisms responsible for the strong electron nonlinearity. The review describes recent development in this interesting area.

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17

Rother, Diego, Adriana Migliaro, Rafael Canetti, Leonel Gómez, Angel Caputi, and Ruben Budelli. "Electric images of two low resistance objects in weakly electric fish." Biosystems 71, no. 1-2 (September 2003): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0303-2647(03)00124-2.

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18

DRAHOBETSKYI, Volodymyr. "Durability and Wear Resistance of Sliding Electric Contacts in Electric Transport." PRZEGLĄD ELEKTROTECHNICZNY 1, no. 1 (January 28, 2024): 277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15199/48.2024.01.57.

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19

Yudaev, I. V., and Yu V. Daus. "Change Character of Electric Conductive Properties of Weeds Plants Tissue at Electric Impulse Damage." Elektronnaya Obrabotka Materialov 57, no. 5 (October 2021): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.52577/eom.2021.57.5.78.

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Currently, in order to obtain pre-planned results and increase the efficiency of using existing technologies, electrotechnological operations are applied in the processes of agricultural production, food and processing industries, including those that implement the effects of high voltage impulses. One of such promising technologies in agriculture can be considered to be electric impulse weeding that is the fight against unwanted and weed vegetation. Such operation, which is carried out with high rates of technological efficiency, is environmentally friendly and refers to high-tech processes. For practical applications and technical implementations, it is necessary to study various properties and parameters of effected objects – weeds. The partial dependence of the electrical resistance of the plant tissue or the dispersion of resistance over the frequency of the measuring current was decided to be used as the studied characteristic. This approach allows to consider weeds not only as a load with which the electrical energy supply system is in contact but also to thoroughly study how this resistance changes during processing. The conducted experimental studies made it possible to clarify the nature of the change in resistance under the damage process to plant tissue, as well as to estimate the quantitative indicators of both the energy absorbed by the plant tissue and the ranges of variations of its resistance. The change character in the plant tissue resistance at the process of the electrical impulse damage remains unchanged, only the resistance value at low frequencies decreases. The total damage corresponds to the period of processing when the resistance of the plant tissue is practically equal at low and high frequencies. This behavior of the mentioned parameter is typical for internal and surface tissues of weeds, as well as for their root systems and leaf-stem parts. Theoretical verification of the change character in the plant tissue resistance of destroyed weeds confirmed the description of the proposed mechanism of change in resistance in the process of irreversible electrical impulse damage.

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20

HIRANO, Yoshiyasu, Ryo WATANABE, and Akira TODOROKI. "Mechanism of Decrease in Electric Resistance in Delamination Monitoring of CFRP Laminate using Electric resistance Change Method." Proceedings of the 1992 Annual Meeting of JSME/MMD 2004 (2004): 297–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmezairiki.2004.0_297.

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21

Zhu, Xi Lin, and Gang Li. "The Electrothermal Heating Tube Membrane Resistance Test Method Research." Key Engineering Materials 667 (October 2015): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.667.413.

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This thesis uses a kind of detection method: The two ends of the measurement period from two electrodes, and the probe spacing can be adjusted. Two measuring end head into the interior with electric heat pipe membrane contact ,used the voltage dividing circuit,relations indirect detection of electric resistance film ends with the two measuring pitch. Then the measured data analysis, obtains the relationship between the two electrode spacing and the electrothermal membrane resistance. Make this thought method may not be used to measure the electric heating film resistance, become a simple and practical method for measuring the electric heating film resistance. Using this method, the measured data can be analyzed, indirectly electrothermal film heating pipe internal resistance value and the two measurement of the end head distance is linear change. The linear relationship between the use of electrothermal film heating tube internal electric heating film resistance, the resistance can be estimated from the distance between the two electrodes, get the change range of heating tube power.

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22

Kumar, Dr K. Senthil. "Design of E-Cycle Drivetrain Configuration Using MATLAB." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 3 (March 31, 2024): 2398–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.59359.

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This research explores the comprehensive dynamics of electric bicycles, focusing on the intricate interplay of rolling resistance, gradient resistance, aerodynamic resistance, and acceleration resistance. Through detailed analysis and mathematical formulations, the study aims to provide insights crucial for optimizing the design and efficiency of electric bicycle propulsion systems. By understanding the various resistive forces affecting performance, engineers and researchers can contribute to the ongoing evolution of sustainable urban mobility solutions Within this research, an in-depth examination unfolds, delving into the nuanced dynamics of electric bicycles. The spotlight is on the complex interaction between rolling resistance, gradient resistance, aerodynamic resistance, and acceleration resistance.

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23

Kindratskyy, Bohdan, and Roman Litvin. "Influence of wheel rotation resistance on oscillatory phenomena in steering drive of electric bus with electromechanical amplifier." Transport technologies 2023, no. 2 (December 15, 2023): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/tt2023.02.044.

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Steering systems with an electromechanical amplifier (EMA) are a modern design solution compared to hydraulic and electro-hydraulic steering systems. Hydraulic steering amplifiers are used in the steering drives of modern trolleybuses and electric buses. If an electric motor powered from the power grid is used to drive the hydraulic pump in trolleybuses, then in electric buses, the source of electrical power is rechargeable batteries. Energy consumption to ensure the operation of the hydraulic power steering reduces the mileage of the electric bus between charging the batteries. Therefore, conducting research and substantiating the possibility of using EMA in electric buses is relevant and has important practical significance. Considering the design features of the electromechanical steering amplifier and the design of the steering axle of the Electron 19101 electric bus, a dynamic model of the drive for turning the controlled wheels of the electric bus was built on the spot. Based on the dynamic model of the drive for turning the controlled wheels of an electric bus with an electromechanical steering amplifier, a mathematical model of the drive and a stimulation model were developed in the MathLab Simulink environment for the study of oscillatory processes in the drive links when the wheels turn on a horizontal plane. The nature of the change of elastic torques in the links of the steering control drive of an electric bus with an electromechanical steering amplifier, the frequency of rotation of the rotor of the electric motor, the current strength in the windings of the rotor and stator of the electric motor, the angle of rotation of the steered wheels as a function of time was studied. It was found that the change in the moment of resistance to the rotation of the steered wheels increases smoothly, and the load on the drive links of the electromechanical power steering depends on the total gear ratio of the drive and its distribution between the gearbox and the steering rack. A decrease in the total transmission ratio of the drive leads to an increase in the speed of rotation of the driven wheels and an increase in elastic moments in the drive links. Transient processes in the electric part of the drive correspond to the characteristics of such electric motors in terms of the nature of the change and do not exceed the permissible values in terms of magnitude. It was established that the power characteristics of the electromechanical steering amplifier with the selected parameters and the electric motor can ensure the control of the wheels of the electric bus following the established requirements.

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24

Puzakov, A. V. "AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRIC FUEL PUMP’S FAULTS: RESULTS OF THE PHYSICAL MODELING." Russian Automobile and Highway Industry Journal 16, no. 5 (November 2, 2019): 592–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.26518/2071-7296-2019-5-592-604.

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Introduction. A significant proportion of the fuel pump’s faults is associated with an electric motor (about 40%), the technical condition of which is determined by the value of the electrical resistance of the winding circuit. However, direct measurement of electrical resistance without removing the vehicle is difficult. Therefore, it is possible to diagnose the performance of the electric motor (and the pump as a whole) by the amount of consumed current.Materials and methods. The author used physical modeling of faults by adjustable resistance for acceleration of the experiment and establishment of precise limits in the efficiency of the electric motor. The criterion for the operability of an electric fuel pump was the value of the developed pressure of at least 0.25 MPa.Results. An increase in the series-connected resistance led to a decrease in the current consumption of the pump, as well as a decrease in its performance. When the critical resistance value reached 11.2 ohms, the pump stopped working. A decrease in the resistance connected in parallel also led to a decrease in the current consumed by the pump since a significant part of it is bypassing of the electric motor through resistance. When the critical resistance value of 0.2 Ohm was reached, the pump stopped working.Discussion and conclusions. As a result, the author develops the mathematical model of the electric motor’s efficiency, which allows determining its technical condition by the usage both the value of electrical resistance and the consumed current. Moreover, measuring the current consumed by an electric motor serves as the basis for diagnosing electric fuel pumps directly on a vehicle and reduces the labor intensity and downtime of vehicles under repair.

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25

ZAGINAILOV, VLADIMIR I. "Identification of quality and energy efficiency of low-voltage power transmission." Agricultural Engineering, no. 1 (2024): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/2687-1149-2024-1-80-88.

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Providing consumers with high quality electric power with minimum transmission losses is one of the problems of electric power transmission through power grids. Increasing reactive power of electric consumers, estimated by the load power factor, results in an increase in electricity losses and quality deterioration. To evaluate the influence of the load power factor on the transmission of active load power and to determine the quality and energy efficiency of electricity transmission through power lines, the authors analyzed the change in the parameters of one phase of a three-phase network without compensation and with reactive power compensation. The set task was solved using methods of calculation of linear electric circuits of alternating current, according to the given values of total or active load power, its resistance and the resistance of power line wires. Then the processes of power transmission in low-voltage electric networks of alternating current were simulated using the Electronics Workbench software. The authors take a case of the electric power system consisting of consumers’ (load) electric receptors receiving power supply through the power line connected to the low-voltage busbars of the power transformer. They prove that its parameters are mainly changed when changing the value of the system current determined by the load and transmission line resistances. The quality of low-voltage electrical energy transmission depends on the voltage loss in the power line wires and is determined by the load current and its full resistance. The energy efficiency of electrical energy transmission depends on the power loss in the power line wires and is determined by the amount of active power consumed by the load and the ratio of the active resistance of the power line and the load.

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26

Agafonov, A. I. "Phonon residual resistance of pure crystals." International Journal of Modern Physics B 29, no. 29 (November 13, 2015): 1550206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979215502069.

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In this paper, using the Boltzmann transport equation, we study the zero temperature resistance of perfect metallic crystals of a finite thickness d along which a weak constant electric field E is applied. This resistance, hereinafter referred to as the phonon residual resistance, is caused by the inelastic scattering of electrons heated by the electric field, with emission of long-wave acoustic phonons and is proportional to [Formula: see text]. Consideration is carried out for Cu, Ag and Au perfect crystals with the thickness of about 1 cm, in the fields of the order of 1 mV/cm. Following the Matthiessen rule, the resistance of the pure crystals, the thicknesses of which are much larger than the electron mean free path is represented as the sum of both the impurity and phonon residual resistances. The condition on the thickness and field is found at which the low-temperature resistance of pure crystals does not depend on their purity and is determined by the phonon residual resistivity of the ideal crystals. The calculations are performed for Cu with a purity of at least 99.9999%.

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27

Lee, Chang-Hee. "Heat treatment Technology of Electric Resistance Welding." Journal of the Korean Welding and Joining Society 25, no. 3 (June 30, 2007): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5781/kwjs.2007.25.3.001.

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28

Ohfuji, Shin‐ichi, and Mitsuo Tsukada. "Recovery of electric resistance degraded by electromigration." Journal of Applied Physics 78, no. 6 (September 15, 1995): 3769–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359956.

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29

Otto, A., P. Lilie, P. Dumas, C. Hirschmugl, M. Pilling, and G. P. Williams. "Anisotropic electric surface resistance of Cu(110)." New Journal of Physics 9, no. 8 (August 28, 2007): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/9/8/288.

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30

Chen, Shun-sheng, Chang-ping Yang, Ling-fang Xu, Fu-jun Yang, Han-bin Wang, Hao Wang, Liang-bin Xiong, Ying Yu, I. V. Medvedeva, and K. Bärner. "Electric-pulse-induced resistance switching in ceramics." Solid State Communications 150, no. 5-6 (February 2010): 240–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssc.2009.11.021.

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31

Dong-ming, Zhang, Fu Zheng-yi, Yuan Run-zhang, and Guo Jing-kun. "Equivalent resistance in pulse electric current sintering." Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater. Sci. Ed. 17, no. 2 (June 2002): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02832616.

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32

Li, Zhe, Tiefei Yu, Xinwu Zhao, Chongzhi Zhong, Taiyu Zhang, and Jiaxing Sun. "Electric vehicle internal resistance test and optimization." E3S Web of Conferences 360 (2022): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202236001007.

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In order to improve the energy-saving effect of a pure electric vehicle, this paper analyzes the causes and influencing factors of the internal resistance loss of the automobile, and expounds the necessity of internal resistance optimization. Select a model in research and development, determine the resistance through the sliding resistance test, and evaluate the energy saving potential of the vehicle through the benchmarking method. A method of resistance decomposition is proposed. The resistance values of key components are tested and analyzed, and the optimization scheme is given. In order to verify the effect of the optimization scheme, this paper proposes a theoretical calculation method. After verification, the proposed optimization scheme finally improves the energy-saving effect of the vehicle by 3%.

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33

Klimov, Aleksandr V. "Synthesis of an adaptive observer of the resistance torque at a shaft of a traction electric motor." Tractors and Agricultural Machinery 90, no. 2 (July 27, 2023): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-119856.

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BACKGROUND: Operating companies and consumers have demands to vehicles for efficiency improvement and cost cut. A part of substantial expenses is fuel cost, therefore use of vehicles with electric drive such as hybrid or pure electric (battery-electric) has potential for agriculture. It is mainly important for them to have the drivetrain characterized by high efficiency that increases autonomous mileage for one charge. To achieve this, it is necessary to control electric motors in the way to ensure maximal surface grip coefficient without wheel slipping. In this case, real-time defining of wheel resistance torque in necessary for efficient control. AIMS: Development of the theoretical basis and the law of optimal estimation of the resistance torque at a shaft of traction electric motor of transport vehicles for the sake of efficient control of traction electric drive. METHODS: Simulation of the law of optimal estimation of the resistance torque at a shaft of traction electric motor was carried out in the MATLAB/Simulink software package. RESULTS: The article provides with theoretical basis of formatting the law of optimal estimation of the resistance torque at a shaft of traction electric motor of transport vehicles for the sake of efficient control of traction electric drive, the law of optimal estimation of the resistance torque at a shaft of traction electric motor and the results of simulation of the law of optimal estimation of the resistance torque at a shaft of traction electric motor obtained in the MATLAB/Simulink. CONCLUSIONS: Practical value of the study lies in ability of using the proposed control laws for development of transport vehicles drivetrain control system.

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34

KHODAS, MAXIM, and MAXIM G. VAVILOV. "DIFFERENTIAL RESISTANCE OF TWO DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON SYSTEMS SUBJECT TO MICROWAVE RADIATION." International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, no. 12n13 (May 20, 2009): 2693–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209062207.

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We present the expression for differential resistance of a disordered two-dimensional electron gas placed in a perpendicular magnetic field and subject to microwave irradiation. We demonstrate that in strong dc electric fields the current oscillates as a function of the strength of the applied constant electric field. We demonstrate that the amplitude of oscillations of the differential resistivity is characterized by the back-scattering rate off disorder. We argue that the dominant contribution to the non-linearity in strong electric fields originates from the modification of electron scattering off disorder by electric fields, or so-called "displacement" mechanism. The non-equilibrium mechanism, which is related to modification of electron distribution function by electric fields turns out to be inefficient in strong electric fields, although it describes current in weak electric fields. We further analyze the positions of maxima and minima of the differential resistance as a function of the applied electric field and frequency of microwave radiation.

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35

Shoop, S. "Electric Vehicle Traction and Rolling Resistance in Winter." Tire Science and Technology 26, no. 2 (April 1, 1998): 64–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/1.2135963.

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Abstract Low rolling resistance tires help optimize the economy of electric vehicle (EV) operation. Five types of EV tires were evaluated under cold weather conditions and compared with traditional winter tires in terms of traction and rolling resistance. Other contributions to vehicle resistance (brake drag, wheel bearing resistance, driveline resistance, and air drag) were also measured and used to estimate changes in total vehicle resistance and associated changes in range with temperature. At low speeds, tire rolling resistance is the primary contribution to increased vehicle resistance at cold temperatures, with snow tires having both higher resistance and a stronger dependence on temperature than low rolling resistance tires. Lowering tire pressure increases both resistance and temperature dependence for most tires but also improves traction and therefore may serve as a temporary safety measure in winter conditions.

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36

Ustinov, V. V., and I. A. Yasyulevich. "Peredacha spinovogo momenta i nelineynyy kvantovyy elektronnyy transport v kiral'nykh gelimagnetikakh." Журнал экспериментальной и теоретической физики 164, no. 4 (December 15, 2023): 491–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0044451023100024.

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We construct a nonlinear theory of electric resistance of chiral helimagnets, in which the shape changes and the magnetization spiral starts rotating during the passage of electric current due to the spin transfer torque effect. It is shown that the rotation of the spin spiral under the action of the passing current, the electric resistance of the helimagnet is always lower than the resistance of a helimagnet in which the spin spiral is stationary. It is found that the current–voltage characteristic of the helimagnet in the presence of the spin transfer torque from the conduction electron system to the system of localized electrons can be essentially nonlinear. The possibility of the spin electric bistability effect in helimagnets is predicted for the situation when the spin contribution to electric resistance of a helimagnet can take two different values for the same value of the current passing through it. The possibility of realization of states with a negative differential resistance in helimagnets is demonstrated.

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37

Lei, Fan, Qin Ye, Shuang Yang, and Qiubo Fu. "Study on Electrical Explosion Properties of Cu/Ni Multilayer Exploding Foil Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering and Electroplating." Micromachines 11, no. 5 (May 22, 2020): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11050528.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the microstructure and properties of Cu/Ni multilayer films prepared by magnetron sputtering and electroplating on the electrical explosion performance of the films. In this study, Cu/Ni multilayer films of the same thickness were prepared by electroplating (EP) and magnetron sputtering (MS), and their morphology and crystal structure were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). XRD was used to observe the crystal structure and size of the samples. In addition, the Cu/Ni multilayer film was etched into the shape of a bridge, and the electric explosion phenomenon in the same discharge circuit of the multilayer foil obtained by the two preparation processes was tested by an electric explosion performance test system. The resistance–time curve and the energy–resistance curve during the electric explosion process were analyzed and calculated. The results showed that compared with the multilayer film prepared by the MS method, the crystal size of the multilayer film prepared by the EP method is smaller and the interface of Cu/Ni is clearer. In the electric explosion experiment, the MS samples had earlier burst times, larger peak resistances, smaller peak energies and higher ionization voltages. Through observation of the morphology of the samples after the electric explosion and combination with gas ionization theory, the internal influencing factors of the peak voltage and the relative resistance of the two samples were analyzed. The influence of the multilayer film mixing layer thickness on the sample energy conversion efficiency was analyzed by modeling the microstructure of the multilayer film exploding foil and electric heating. The results show that the thicker the mixing layer is, the more energy is distributed on the Ni, the faster the resistance increases, and the higher the energy conversion efficiency.

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Matsuzaki, Roysuke, and Akira Todoroki. "Wireless Strain Monitoring of CFRP Laminates Using Electric Resistance Change with Oscillating Circuit." Key Engineering Materials 326-328 (December 2006): 1415–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.1415.

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To identify a delamination crack in a CFRP laminate wirelessly, we proposed an electric resistance change method with oscillating circuit in the previous study. Although the method detects the delamination creation, it cannot monitor condition of applied strain before delamination creation because the electric resistance change due to strain changing is quite small. In the present study, a bridge circuit, two amplifiers and voltage-controlled oscillator are added to sensing circuit so that it can monitor very little change of the electric resistance change. Using proposed strain sensing system, the electric resistance change and oscillating frequency change due to strain changing are experimentally measured. As a result, the method is found to successfully monitor the applied strain.

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Liu, Xin, Wen Ji Xu, Jing Sun, and Lin Zhang. "Research on Heating Resistance in Electric Hot Machining." Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (January 2012): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.209.

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Electric hot machining (EHM) can improve the cutting performance by heating resistance, consisting of metal resistance and constriction resistance, which softens the material in the deformation zone. In this paper, we present the 3D model for heating resistance and analyze its variance with experimental verification. The results show that 3D model for heating resistance can describe heating resistance well in EHM under this experiments condition.

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A, Al-Ammouri, Ishchenko R, and Verkhovetska I. "CALCULATION OF POWER BALANCE OF ELECTRIC CAR DURING UNIFORM MOVEMENT." National Transport University Bulletin 1, no. 51 (2022): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33744/2308-6645-2022-1-51-003-010.

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In this paper the equation of the power balance of the electric car during uniform movement is received. The key variable in the power balance equation is the speed of the electric car. The object of the study – power balance of the electric car during uniform movement. Purpose of the study – investigation of the balance of power of the electric car during uniform movement and establishment of dependence of values of powers of the electric motor which are spent on overcoming of force of resistance to rolling and force of resistance of air on speed of movement of the electric car. Method of the study – for the purpose of the study, the following methods were used: analysis, synthesis, systematization, generalization, formulation of conclusions. In this work the power balance of the Nissan Leaf electric car during uniform movement is calculated. It is established that during the uniform movement of the electric car at a speed of up to 40 km/h the main power consumption of the electric motor is aimed at overcoming the rolling resistance. During the steady

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Balametov, A. B., and E. D. Halilov. "Simulation of Electric Networks Modes Using Steady-State and Heat Balance Equations." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 63, no. 1 (February 7, 2020): 66–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2020-63-1-66-80.

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In the traditional calculations of the steady-state mode of the electrical network, the dependences of the active resistances of the overhead line wire on the ambient temperature and currents in the branches are not taken into account. However, the temperature is a function of the active power losses, the power losses are a function of the resistance and current, and the resistance is temperature dependent. Therefore, these relations should be related to the traditional equations for stationary regimes. In order to increase the accuracy of steady-state calculations, a temperature correction of the resistance of the branches is required. In this paper, we present a method based on the joint solution of nonlinear equations of the steady-state electric network regime and the thermal balance of the wires of overhead lines. The algorithm and the program of calculation of the steady-state mode of an electric network taking into account dependence of active resistances of a wire of an overhead line on ambient temperature and currents in branches have been developed. The quantitative influence of the load current, wire temperature, wind speed, solar radiation on the active resistance of the wires has been estimated, and the errors in calculating annual variable energy losses have been determined. Numerical experiments were carried out for a 6-node modified version of the IEEE test system and equivalent circuit of 110 kV. The results of the calculations of the steady-state regime on various test circuits showed that the non-account of the temperature dependence of the active resistances might cause errors in power loss for individual loaded lines up to 10 %, and for total losses of the system – up to 30 %. This is unacceptable in simulating the modes of the electric network. The results of simulation of steady-state regimes taking into account the temperature dependence of the resistance of the wires are presented on the example of 6-node and 7-node circuits.

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Qi, Guo Chao, Feng Jun Shan, Qiang Li, and Jing Yuan Yu. "Analysis of Fused Magnesia Production Process with 3000kVA Electric Arc Furnace." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 2143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.2143.

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The present study is related to a process development for producing high purity fused magnesia. A newly designed 3000 kVA electric arc furnace is used in the field experiment. The electric resistance characteristic of fused magnesia is analyzed and the effect of electrode diameters and electrode depth buried in molten magnesia on melting electric resistance and electric arc heat conversion are discussed in detail. It shows that, for the new 3000 kVA electric arc furnace, 350~450 mm diameter electrode and ~300mm depth in molten magnesia are suitable.

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Kulakov, B. A., V. K. Dubrovin, and O. M. Zaslavskaya. "Evaluating Heat Resistance of Mold Shells in Investment Casting." Materials Science Forum 946 (February 2019): 678–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.946.678.

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The paper describes the theory of developing the heat-resistance criterion for disposable ceramic molds exposed to poured metal, creating a computational and experimental method for computing the heat resistance by rapidly heating the mold by an electric arc, as well as analysis of comparative data on quartz, dinas, and electric-corundum molds from the standpoint of the developed criterial-evaluation theory. In this case, the heat resistance is of one-time character, as this mold sustains only a single casting. Computational and experimental data indicate a low heat resistance of β-quartz, making them non-recommendable for annealing and metal pouring if there is not supporting filler. Molds based on electric-corundum or dinas fillers are free of such drawbacks, with the latter being considerably cheaper. The use of tridymited dinas powders is effective after grinding the spent dinas lining of electric furnaces.

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Wang, Bing, Haining Zhang, Joon Phil Choi, Seung Ki Moon, Byunghoon Lee, and Jamyeong Koo. "A Post-Treatment Method to Enhance the Property of Aerosol Jet Printed Electric Circuit on 3D Printed Substrate." Materials 13, no. 24 (December 8, 2020): 5602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13245602.

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Aerosol jet printing of electronic devices is increasingly attracting interest in recent years. However, low capability and high resistance are still limitations of the printed electronic devices. In this paper, we introduce a novel post-treatment method to achieve a high-performance electric circuit. The electric circuit was printed with aerosol jet printing method on an ULTEM substrate. The ULTEM substrate was fabricated by the Fused Deposition Modelling method. After post-treatment, the electrical resistance of the printed electric circuit was changed from 236 mΩ to 47 mΩ and the electric property was enhanced. It was found that the reduction of electric resistance was caused by surface property changes. Different surface analysis methods including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to understand the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results showed that the microsurface structure remained the same original structure before and after treatment. It was found that the surface carbon concentration was significantly increased after treatment. Detailed analysis showed that the C-C bond increased obviously after treatment. The change of electrical resistance was found to be limited to the material’s surface. After polishing, the circuit resistance was changed back to its original value. As the electric circuit is the basic element of electric devices, the proposed method enables the fabrication of high performance devices such as capacitors, strain gauge, and other sensors, which has potential applications in many areas such as industrial, aerospace, and military usage.

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UEHARA, Miho, and Masakazu TANAHASHI. "Distribution of Electric Resistance of Dielectric Semiconductive Ceramics." Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan 99, no. 1155 (1991): 1120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2109/jcersj.99.1120.

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Potapov, A. P. "Definitions of specific electric resistance in horizontal wells." Geology, Geophysics and Development of Oil and Gas Fields, no. 7 (2018): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30713/2413-5011-2018-7-59-64.

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Okada, Nobuhiro, Hiroki Sakamoto, Takamasa Matsuo, and Kouji Takatani. "Numerical Analysis Model of Electric Resistance Welding Pipe." Tetsu-to-Hagane 98, no. 7 (2012): 368–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane.98.368.

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Okada, Masai. "Electric resistance of graphite heater at high temperatures." TANSO 1993, no. 157 (1993): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7209/tanso.1993.95.

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Nguyen, Huu Hung, Pal Jen Wei, and Jen Fin Lin. "Electric contact resistance for monitoring nanoindentation-induced delamination." Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 2, no. 1 (March 7, 2011): 015007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2043-6262/2/1/015007.

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Junginger, Tobias, Sarah Aull, Wolfgang Weingarten, and Carsten Peter Welsch. "Experimental Evidence for Electric Surface Resistance in Niobium." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 27, no. 7 (October 2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2017.2739646.

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