Academic literature on the topic 'Electric power production – Geographic information systems'
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Journal articles on the topic "Electric power production – Geographic information systems"
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Wang, Qiong, and Yan Li. "Research on Simulation of Distribution Network Engineering Scene Based on 3D GIS Technology." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (January 31, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7736655.
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With the rapid development of the power system and the increasing complexity of the power grid structure, users’ demand for information-based management of the power distribution network is growing, and the need to improve various power production service standards is becoming increasingly urgent. Geographic information systems (GIS) are a natural combination of geographic and data attributes that are particularly well suited to the management of urban pipeline systems such as distribution and telecommunication networks. This paper discusses the current application characteristics and challenges of 3D GIS in the power system. A 3D graphic analysis model of the power grid and its realization method are proposed using 2D GIS and scene simulation technology combined with object-oriented design method. The problems that exist in current urban distribution facility management are solved in this paper through the effective integration of information construction and distribution facility management, and the goal of refined management is achieved on this basis. More and more complex 3D spatial data can be processed more realistically and intuitively with 3D GIS.
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Tian, Dong, Min Zhang, Xuejian Wei, Jing Wang, Weisong Mu, and Jianying Feng. "GIS-Based Energy Consumption and Spatial Variation of Protected Grape Cultivation in China." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (September 12, 2018): 3248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093248.
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This paper compares the difference in energy consumption in different sub-patterns and features of energy consumption structures used in protected grape production systems using statistical data. Then, spatial characteristics between different production modes based on geographic information systems are also analyzed. The results reveal that the types of energy consumption include steel, iron wire, water, chemical fertilizer, pesticides, electric power, organic fertilizer, plastic films, and labor. The total energy consumption for protected grape production was 210,534.3 MJ ha−1 in 2011, 211,504.6 MJ ha−1 in 2012, and 222,571.8 MJ ha−1 in 2013. From the perspective of cultivation modes, early ripening production and late ripening production consumed more energy than rain-shelter production; in terms of facility types, the total energy input of both vinyl tunnels and solar greenhouses were always higher than rain-shelter greenhouses. Indirect and non-renewable energy consumption were higher than that of direct and renewable energy, which accounted for 90% of energy consumption. Spatial analysis showed that the values of Moran’s I were all positive for the three years, which means protected grape input had a positive spatial autocorrelation. Therefore, we should adjust the energy input structure and choose more sustainable production modes to improve the sustainability of the production of protected grapes.
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Gnagbolou, Yao, Macaire B. Agbomahena, Gabin Koto N’gobi, and Dr Maurel Richy Aza-gnandji. "Climate Vulnerability of Photovoltaic Energy Systems using GIS: Case of the Plateau Department." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 12, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.b3921.1212222.
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Benin has a large potential (3.5-5.5 kWh/m2 /day) for solar photovoltaic energy production. This daily energy production, which mainly depends on solar radiation, also varies considerably, depending on climatic parameters. The Plateau department is an industrial zone where mainly clinker and cement are mined and processed. In such an environment of dust production, meteorological data are very dynamic and act as input parameters or sometimes disruptors of the photovoltaic energy conversion chain. The aim of this paper is to determine the appropriate location of the photovoltaic field for optimal production of electrical energy, in the plateau department of Benin. The analysis is based on the multicriteria decision-making method (MCDM) and Analytic Hierarchical Process (AHP), using a Geographic Information System (GIS). ArcGIS 10.8 software was used to classify and weight the different vulnerability criteria (Global Horizontal Irradiation, Temperature, Wind Speed, Wind Direction, Precipitation, Relative Humidity, Cloud cover, and Aerosol), in order to determine the optimal photovoltaic power generation area by overlaying the layers. The result shows that solar irradiation is the most important criterion for better production of photovoltaic energy whose weight of 46.06% is the highest, and aerosol (dust), the lowest weight of 2.43%, considerably reduced energy production. The northern zone from 7°35’0″N-7°39’0″N of the commune of Ketou is therefore the best site for optimal production, considering the parameters studied.
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Agostinelli, Sofia, Fabrizio Cumo, Meysam Majidi Nezhad, Giuseppe Orsini, and Giuseppe Piras. "Renewable Energy System Controlled by Open-Source Tools and Digital Twin Model: Zero Energy Port Area in Italy." Energies 15, no. 5 (March 1, 2022): 1817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15051817.
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The present paper deals with an infrastructure digitization policy to optimize maintenance processes and energy efficiency to transform port areas to ZED (Zero Energy District). The Lazio Region started the process for all its ports in 2020. The Anzio port started and developed as a pilot project as it is a particularly representative sample for the Mediterranean Sea reality due to its geomorphological conformation. The study aimed to develop energy-saving procedures and strategies and integrate production systems from Renewable Energy Systems (RESs) for sustainable mobility. In the article, these strategies are described in detail and energy analysis is carried out, starting from the current state and demonstrating the potential energy self-sufficiency of the infrastructure. Finally, the investigation’s potential utilizing a Digital Twin (DT) of the area is highlighted. Furthermore, the BIM (Building Information Modeling) and GIS (Geographic Information System) combining possibility to maximize the energy efficiency measures beneficial impact are discussed.
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Kalyan, Sumit, and Qian (Chayn) Sun. "Interrogating the Installation Gap and Potential of Solar Photovoltaic Systems Using GIS and Deep Learning." Energies 15, no. 10 (May 19, 2022): 3740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15103740.
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Non-renewable-resource consumption and global greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions are critical issues that pose a significant threat to sustainable development. Solar energy is a promising source to generate renewable energy and an appealing alternative electricity source for households. The primary goal of this research is to detect the rooftops that have no solar photovoltaic (PV) system deployed on them but that receive moderate to high solar-energy radiation using the Geographic Information System (GIS) and deep-learning techniques. Although various studies have been conducted on this subject, not many addressed these two issues simultaneously at a residential level. Identifying the installed solar PV systems in a large area can be expensive and time-consuming work if performed manually. Therefore, the deep-learning algorithm is an emerging alternative method to detect objects using aerial images. We employed the Single-Shot-Detector (SSD) model with the backbone of residual neural network 34 (ResNet34) to detect the solar PV systems and used GIS software to compute solar isolation and calculate the electricity production estimate (EPE) of each rooftop. Our results show that the SSD model detected 6010 solar panels on 4150 properties with an accuracy of 78% and observed that there were 176 Statistical Area 1s (SA1s) that had no rooftops with solar PV systems installed. Moreover, the total electricity production from the suitable area was estimated at over 929.8 Giga Watt-hours (GWhs) annually. Finally, the relation between solar-PV-system density and EPE was also identified using the bivariant correlation technique. Detecting the existing solar PV systems is useful in a broad range of applications including electricity-generation prediction, power-plant-production management, uncovering patterns between regions, etc. Examination of the spatial distribution of solar-energy potential in a region and performing an overlay analysis with socio-economic factors can help policymakers to understand the explanation behind the pattern and strategize the incentives accordingly.
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Milosavljević, Dragana D., Tijana S. Kevkić, and Slavica J. Jovanović. "Review and validation of photovoltaic solar simulation tools/software based on case study." Open Physics 20, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 431–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phys-2022-0042.
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Abstract Photovoltaic (PV) systems are an excellent solution to meet energy demand and protect the global environment in many cases. With the increasing utilization of the PV system worldwide, there is an increasing need for simulation tools to predict the PV system’s performance and profitability. This research includes testing and comparison of PV tools: photovoltaic geographical information system (PVGIS), PVWatts, SolarGIS, RETScreen, BlueSol, PVsyst, HelioScope, PV*SOL, Solarius PV, Solar Pro, PV F-Chart, PolySun, solar advisor model (SAM), and hybrid optimization model for electric renewables (HOMER), based on experimental data obtained from fixed on-grid 2 kWp PV system in 2019. The PV system is part of a research project related to the examination of the PV system operation in real climatic conditions in Niš. This research investigates the most appropriate PV software for PV systems design by testing the most commonly used PV tools. It was accomplished by comparing experimental data obtained by a 2 kWp PV system in Niš and estimated data obtained from different PV tools. The study shows that annually, the experimentally measured average daily solar irradiation on the inclined plane was 5,270 Wh/m2/day, and the lowest deviation of the simulation results compared to experimental measurements was obtained by SolarPro. Total annual electricity production from the given system was 2455.621 kW h, and the lowest deviation of the simulation results compared to experimental measurements was obtained by PVGIS. By analyzing and publishing the actual solar irradiation and PV power output data, this study could help researchers to increase the PV systems modeling accuracy.
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Malagnino, Remo Alessio. "Performance analysis of photovoltaic plants installed in dairy cattle farms." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 46, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2015.455.
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Electric production from renewable resources, such as solar photovoltaic (PV), is playing an increasingly essential role in the agricultural industry because of the progressive increase in the energy price from fossil fuels and the simultaneous decrease in the income deriving from farming activities. A central issue in the sustainable diffusion of PV technologies is represented by the actual energy efficiency of a PV system. For these reasons, a performance analysis has been carried out in order to assess the potentials offered by different PV plants within a defined geographical context with the aim of investigating the impact of each component has on the PV generator global efficiency and defining the main technical parameters that allow to maximise the annual specific electric energy yield of an architectonically integrated plant, installed in a dairy house, compared to a ground-mounted plant. The annual performances of three grid connected PV plants installed in the same dairy cattle farm have been analysed: two are architectonically integrated plants - <em>i.e.</em>, a rooftop unidirectional and a multi-field systems (both 99 kW<sub>p</sub>) - and the other is a ground-mounted plant (480 kW<sub>p</sub>). Furthermore, the electrical performances, estimated by the photovoltaic geographical information system (PVGIS), developed by the EU Joint Research Centre, and by an analytical estimation procedure (AEP), developed on the basis of a meteo-climatic database related to the records of the nearest weather station and integrated by the components’ technical specifications, have been compared with the actual yields. The best annual performance has been given by the ground-mounted PV system, with an actual increase of 26% and in the range of 6÷12% according to different estimations, compared to the integrated systems, which were globally less efficient (average total loss of 26÷27% compared to 24% of the ground-mounted system). The AEP and PVGIS software estimates showed a good level of reliability for mean deviations between the annual actual and estimated electrical power yields have been equal to 11.5% for each PV system given the actual irradiation’ s uncertainty during the examined year. The main technical parameters, crucial to maximise the energy yield from a ground-mounted PV system to an integrated one, have been identified in the Tilt and Azimuth angles. Indeed, once a variance of 3÷4% in the global efficiency has been confirmed when the type of PV system is changed, in the case of the unidirectional integrated PV plant, the high roof pitch and the almost South orientation guarantee a solar energy increase up to 18% higher than that obtainable on the horizontal plane and similar to the increase estimated for the ground-mounted generator (+20%). Hence, integrated PV systems, besides reaching the same levels of energy efficiency as those ground-mounted, are also more <em>sustainable</em> than the latter. This is true providing that there are both a suitable orientation and an accurate design, especially to prevent the PV panels’ warming during summer, on an already available surface that is, however, functional to the roof’s architecture.
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Coban, Hasan Huseyin, Wojciech Lewicki, Radosław Miśkiewicz, and Wojciech Drożdż. "The Economic Dimension of Using the Integration of Highway Sound Screens with Solar Panels in the Process of Generating Green Energy." Energies 16, no. 1 (December 23, 2022): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010178.
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One of the research areas related to renewable energy sources is the search for new applications for currently used technologies. An important postulate is to achieve the synergy effect by including the existing infrastructure in this process. The innovation described in this article is the integration of solar cells into a modular sound barrier on the highway. The contribution of this article is mainly based on the introduction of the potential feasibility of the first Turkish solar highway, describing the installation of PV systems based on a multi-criteria evaluation (azimuth angle, loss of shade, and dirt). The aim of the study is to determine the economic dimension by examining the costs of implementing such an investment and answering the question concerning the efficiency of solar cells on sound barriers. The research took into account various scenarios regarding the shadow effect and inclination of solar panels and their impact on solar energy production in the example of a given case study, an identified urban area. The research is limited to the model for assessing the feasibility of solar cells on sound barriers based on NPV and the essence of the relationship regarding the LCOE averaged electricity costs. In this study, the function and technical parameters of solar cells are not specified, but the article is limited to the basic information and characteristics required to investigate the payback period and profitability of an investment. Research has shown that if the investment is carried out in accordance with the proposed model, the expected amount of energy produced is 62,257 kWh per year. This value corresponds to the average consumption of electricity in a household by 24 apartments for a given destination, or to providing energy for a selected electric vehicle for one year of its operation, at the same time leading to a significant reduction of CO2. The presented research can find practical application in the area of developing a strategy for the development and popularization of renewable energy sources while increasing the use of the existing road infrastructure, presenting an important postulate in promoting this type of solution for other geographic destinations.
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Alhammad, Abdulaziz, Qian (Chayn) Sun, and Yaguang Tao. "Optimal Solar Plant Site Identification Using GIS and Remote Sensing: Framework and Case Study." Energies 15, no. 1 (January 3, 2022): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15010312.
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Many countries have set a goal for a carbon neutral future, and the adoption of solar energy as an alternative energy source to fossil fuel is one of the major measures planned. Yet not all locations are equally suitable for solar energy generation. This is due to uneven solar radiation distribution as well as various environmental factors. A number of studies in the literature have used multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) to determine the most suitable places to build solar power plants. To the best of our knowledge, no study has addressed the subject of optimal solar plant site identification for the Al-Qassim region, although developing renewable energy in Saudi Arabia has been put on the agenda. This paper developed a spatial MCDA framework catering to the characteristics of the Al-Qassim region. The framework adopts several tools used in Geographic Information Systems (GIS), such as Random Forest (RF) raster classification and model builder. The framework aims to ascertain the ideal sites for solar power plants in the Al-Qassim region in terms of the amount of potential photovoltaic electricity production (PVOUT) that could be produced from solar energy. For that, a combination of GIS and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) techniques were employed to determine five sub-criteria weights (Slope, Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI), proximity to roads, proximity to residential areas, proximity to powerlines) before performing spatial MCDA. The result showed that ‘the most suitable’ and ‘suitable’ areas for the establishment of solar plants are in the south and southwest of the region, representing about 17.53% of the study area. The ‘unsuitable’ areas account for about 10.17% of the total study area, which is mainly concentrated in the northern part. The rest of the region is further classified into ‘moderate’ and ‘restricted’ areas, which account for 46.42% and 25.88%, respectively. The most suitable area for potential solar energy, yields approximately 1905 Kwh/Kwp in terms of PVOUT. The proposed framework also has the potential to be applied to other regions nationally and internationally. This work contributes a reproducible GIS workflow for a low-cost but accurate adoption of a solar energy plan to achieve sustainable development goals.
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Ballance, A., D. Stephenson, R. A. Chapman, and J. Muller. "A geographic information systems analysis of hydro power potential in South Africa." Journal of Hydroinformatics 2, no. 4 (October 1, 2000): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2000.0022.
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Electrification can reduce the dependence on combustible fuels and therefore also reduce the concomitant health risks. Hydro power is one possible method of generating electric power close to the potential consumers, thereby cutting out expensive reticulation costs in widely spread rural areas. For sustainable electricity generation there must be stream flows of sufficient flow rates down significant slopes. A preliminary assessment of hydro power potential in South Africa was undertaken by estimating actual energy potential calculated from digital maps of slope and runoff. Coefficients of variation and low flow indices proved good potential measures of flow variability and risk. The methodology allowed rapid identification of micro- and macro-hydro power potential. Micro-hydro power potential identification was calculated from run of river and local flow, while macro-hydro power generation needs storage and thus cumulative river flows were used. The steeper and more humid slopes of the eastern escarpment, and parts of the southern escarpment near Cape Town, showed the best potential for both micro- and macro-hydro power (with annual energy potential values in excess of 107 kWh yr−1 and 109 kWh yr−1, respectively). This preliminary assessment was intended to lead to further more detailed and in-field assessments of hydro power generating capacity.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Electric power production – Geographic information systems"
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Wei, Xinguo. "Object-oriented electric distribution system data modeling in a GIS context /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5845.
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Stuntebeck, Erich Peter. "An analysis of the domestic power line infrastructure to support indoor real-time localization." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34678.
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The vision of ubiquitous computing is to seamlessly integrate information processing into everyday objects and activities. Part of this integration is an awareness on the part of a system of its user's context. Context can be composed of several variables --- such as a user's current activity, goals, or state of mind --- but location (both past and present) is almost always a key component.
Determining location outdoors has become quite simple and pervasive with today's low-cost handheld Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers. Technologies enabling the location of people and objects to be determined while indoors, however, have lagged due to their extensive infrastructure requirements and associated cost. Just as GPS receivers utilize radio signals from satellites to triangulate their position, an indoor real-time locating system (RTLS) must also make use of some feature of the environment to determine the location of mobile units. Since the signal from GPS satellites is not sufficiently strong to penetrate the structure of a building, indoor RTLS systems must either use some existing feature of the environment or generate a new one. This typically requires a large amount of infrastructure (e.g. specialized RF receivers, additional 802.11 access points, RFID readers, etc.) to be deployed, making indoor RTLSs impractical for the home. While numerous techniques have been proposed for locating people and objects within a building, none of these has yet proven to be a viable option in terms of cost, complexity of installation, and accuracy for home users.
This dissertation builds on work by Patel et al. in which the home power lines are used to radiate a low-frequency wireless RF signal that mobile tags use for location fingerprinting. Leveraging the existing power line permits this system to operate on far less additional infrastructure than existing solutions such as cellular (GSM and CDMA), 802.11b/g, and FM radio based systems.
The contributions of this research to indoor power line-based RTLS are threefold. First, I examine the temporal stability of a power line based RTLS system's output. Fingerprinting-based RTLS relies upon some feature of the environment, such as the amplitude of an RF signal, to be stable over time at a particular location (temporal stability), but to change in space (spatial differentiability). I show that a power line-based RTLS can be made much more resistant to temporal instability in individual fingerprint components by utilizing a wide-band RF fingerprint. Next, I directly compare the temporal stability of the raw features used by various fingerprinting based indoor RTLSs, such as cellular, 802.11b/g, and FM radio. In doing so, I show that a power line based indoor RTLS has an inherent advantage in temporal stability over these other methods. Finally, I characterize the power line as a receiving antenna for low-powered wireless devices within the home, thus allowing the power line to not only transmit the RF signals used for fingerprinting, but also to receive the sensed features reported by location tags. Here, I show that the powerline is a viable receiver for these devices and that the globally available 27.12 MHz ISM band is a good choice of frequency for communications.
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Häggblom, Johan, and Jonathan Jerner. "Photovoltaic Power Production and Energy Storage Systems in Low-Voltage Power Grids." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fordonssystem, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-156875.
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In recent years, photovoltaic (PV) power production have seen an increase and the PV power systems are often located in the distribution grids close to the consumers. Since the distributions grids rarely are designed for power production, investigation of its effects is needed. It is seen in this thesis that PV power production will cause voltages to rise, potentially to levels exceeding the limits that grid owners have to abide by. A model of a distribution grid is developed in MathWorks MATLAB. The model contains a transformer, cables, households, energy storage systems (ESS:s) and photovoltaic power systems. The system is simulated by implementing a numerical Forward Backward Sweep Method, solving for powers, currents and voltages in the grid. PV power systems are added in different configurations along with different configurations of ESS:s. The results are analysed, primarily concerning voltages and voltage limits. It is concluded that addition of PV power production in the distribution grid affects voltages, more or less depending on where in the grid the systems are placed and what peak power they have. It is also concluded that having energy storage systems in the grid, changing the power factor of the inverter for the PV systems or lowering the transformer secondary-side voltage can bring the voltages down.På senare tid har det skett en ökning i antalet solcellsanläggningar som installeras i elnätet och dessa är ofta placerade i distributionsnäten nära hushållen. Eftersom distributionsnäten sällan är dimensionerade för produktion så behöver man utreda effekten av det. I det här arbetet visas det att solcellsproduktion kommer att öka spänningen i elnätet, potentiellt så mycket att de gränser elnätsägarna måste hålla nätet inom överstigs. En modell över lågspänningsnätet skapas i MathWorks MATLAB. Modellen innehåller transformator, kablar, hushåll, energilager och solcellsanläggningar. Systemet simuleras med hjälp av en numerisk Forward Backward Sweep-lösare som beräknar effekter, strömmar och spänningar i elnätet. Solcellanläggningarna placeras ut i elnätet i olika konfigurationer tillsammans med olika konfigurationer av energilager. Resultaten från simuleringarna analyseras främst med avseende på spänningen i elnätet utifrån dess gränser. De slutsatser som dras i arbetet är att solcellsproduktion kommer att påverka spänningen, mycket beroende på var i elnätet anläggningarna placeras och storleken hos dem. Det visas också att energilager, justering av effektfaktor hos solcellsanläggningarna eller en spänningssänkning på transformatorns lågspänningssida kan få ner spänningen i elnätet.
LiTH-ISY-EX--19/5194--SE
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Kotoane, Mapule. "Modelling risk of Blue Crane (Anthropoides paradiseus) collision with power lines in the Overberg region." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50024.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study addresses the problem of Blue Crane (Anthropoides paradiseus) collisions with power lines in the Overberg region, home to approximately 50% of South Africa's national bird's global population. The low visibility of power lines against the landscape is considered to be the major cause of collisions. These claim at least 20 birds annually, which is a considerable loss to a vulnerable species. For this study, expert knowledge of the Blue Cranes' biology, general behaviour and use of its habitat were compiled. These were then translated into rules that were integrated into a Geographic Information System (GIS) to establish a predictive model, which attempts to identify and quantify risk power lines that Blue Cranes are most likely to collide with. The criteria that were considered included landscape proximity of power lines to water bodies arid congregation sites, land cover, power lines orientation in relation to predominant wind directions (North Westerly and South Easterly) and visibility of the power lines against the landscape. The power lines were ranked as highest, high, medium, low and no risk. It is recommended that this classification be used to prioritize the proactive marking of power lines with bird flappers in order to reduce collisions. The results show that 27% of the power lines in the study area pose the highest risk and should therefore be marked immediately. The power lines classified as high (1%), medium (28%) and low risk (21 %) should be marked over short, medium and long term, respectively .. The study demonstrated the potential of GIS in the conservation of Blue Crane. The GIS model developed in this study can be applied in areas of similar habitat such as the Swartland or with some modifications in a slightly different habitat such as the Karoo. It is envisaged that the results of this study will be of great value to the ESKOM (South African Electricity Commission) and Endangered Wildlife Trust (EWT) Partnership and conservation authorities in the effort to save the Blue Crane.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie het die probleem van botsings deur Bloukraanvoëls met kraglyne in die Overberg-omgewing van die Wes-Kaap ondersoek. Die Overberg-omgewing huisves ongeveer 50% van Suid Afrikaanse nasionale voël se wêreldbevolking van Bloukraanvoëls, en aangesien kraglyne normaalweg nie maklik sigbaar is teen die landskapsagtergrond nie, verhoog dit, tesame met die biologiese eienskappe van Bloukraanvoëls, die waarskynlikheid dat die voëls met kraglyne sal bots. Hierdie botsings met kraglyne eis minstens 20 Bloukraanvoëls per jaar, wat 'n aansienlike en beduidende aantal vir 'n kritiese bedreigde spesie is. Die studie het gepoog om spesialiskennis oor Bloukraanvoël-biologie, algemene gedrag en habitatgebruik, om te sit in 'n stel reëls, wat in 'n Geografiese Inligtingstelsel (GIS) geïntegreer is om 'n voorspellingsmodel te bou. Hierdie voorspellingsmodel is aangewend om kraglyne wat 'n hoë risiko vir Bloukraanvoëls inhou, te identifiseer en die waarskynlikheid vir botsings te kwantifiseer. Die model aanvaar dat die volgende omgewingsfaktore in die Overberg-omgewing verband hou met die waarskynlikheid van botsings, naamlik: die nabyheid van kraglyne aan waterliggame of gebiede waar voëls saamtrek, die voorkoms van natuurlike veld, die heersende windrigtings (Noordwes en Noordoos) en lae sigbaarheid van kraglyne teen die donker landskapsagtergrond. Die geïdentifiseerde kraglyne is as eerste-, tweede, derde. en vierderangse prioriteit geprioritiseer om as riglyn te dien vir die proaktiewe aanbring van flappers (wat dit ten doel het om voëlbotsings te verminder) deur ESKOM. Die studie het bevind dat 27% van die kraglyne in die Overberg-omgewing eersterang prioriteite is, en dat hierdie kraglyne onmiddellik gemerk sal moet word. Die tweederang prioriteit kraglyne (1%) saloor die mediumtermyn gemerk word, terwyl die derderangse prioriteit kraglyne (28%) oor die langtermyn gemerk sal word. Die vierde prioriteit kraglyne (21 %) kon oor die langertermyn gemerk word. Die studie het die omvang van die probleem, sowel as die rol van GIS in die bewaring van die Bloukraanvoëls beklemtoon. Die GIS-model wat in die studie ontwikkel en gebruik is, kan in soortgelyke gebiede soos die Swartland, of in ietwat verskillende omgewings soos die Karoo getoets word, met die doelom die habitatvoorkeure van Bloukraanvoëls beter te verstaan en navorsers te help om 'n beter begrip van die model te ontwikkel en sodoende die resultate te verbeter. Dit word voorsien dat hierdie studie en verslag baie belangrik sal wees vir die ESKOM-EWT Vennootskap en ander betrokke bewaringsorganisasies in 'n poging om Bloukraanvoël-bewaring aan te help.
Books on the topic "Electric power production – Geographic information systems"
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Meehan, Bill. GIS for enhanced electric utility performance. Boston: Artech House, 2013.
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Empowering electric and gas utilities with GIS. Redlands, Calif: ESRI Press, 2007.
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Meehan, Bill. Empowering electric and gas utilities with GIS. Redlands, Calif: ESRI Press, 2007.
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service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Rhodes Framework for Android™ Platform and BlackBerry® Smartphones. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2012.
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Pathak, Manas A. Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning for Speech Processing. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013.
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United Nations. Dept. of Economic and Social Affairs., ed. Geographic information systems for power system planning. New York: United Nations, 1997.
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Modeling Electric Distribution With Gis. Esri Press, 2013.
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Meehan, Bill. Empowering Electric and Gas Utilities with GIS. ESRI Press, 2007.
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Pathak, Manas A. Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning for Speech Processing. Springer New York, 2014.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Electric power production – Geographic information systems"
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Messineo, Antonio, Domenico Panno, and Roberto Volpe. "Technical and Economical Feasibility of Biomass Use for Power Generation in Sicily." In Geographic Information Systems, 1411–20. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2038-4.ch085.
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Biomass can provide a reliable support for production of biofuels while contributing to sustainable management of natural resources. Many countries, including Italy, have introduced important incentive schemes to support the use of biomass for electricity, heat and transportation. This has raised considerable interest towards the use of biomass for energy generation purposes. Nonetheless, the design and installation of biomass-fuelled power plants present several critical issues, such as choice and availability of biomass, choice of technology, power plant localization and logistics. The case study tackled in this paper evaluates the economies originated by a 1MWel Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) turbine coupled with a biomass fuelled boiler, installed in an area close to Palermo (Italy). A Geographical Information System (GIS) was used to localize the power plant and to optimize logistics. The thermodynamics of the plant as a whole were also analyzed. Finally, two different scenarios were simulated for project financial evaluation.
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Meiton, Fredrik. "Expert Revolutionary." In Electrical Palestine, 21–50. University of California Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520295889.003.0002.
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Chapter 1 situates Palestine in the context of British colonialism and technology transfer. The character of the electric power system that was built in Mandate Palestine was influenced by a prevailing logic of colonial development. Large technological systems were designed to facilitate the movement of people and the production, circulation, and consumption of things, information, and capital on the world market, on the assumption that global free trade would yield economic growth and civilizational advancement the world over. In this way, British policy in Palestine reflected an empire-wide agenda of economic development.
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Avery, William H., and Chih Wu. "OTEC Economics." In Renewable Energy from the Ocean. Oxford University Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195071993.003.0015.
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The economic contribution that OTEC will make to the solution of the nation’s energy problems depends on its perceived merits relative to existing and alternative sources of energy and fuels. The previous chapters have shown that OTEC technology is ready for large-scale demonstrations that will provide a firm basis for commercial development. OTEC can have a large impact on U.S. energy needs by supplying liquid fuels for direct use in transportation, or for electric power production via fuel cells. Its commercial development will depend finally on political and other factors that cannot be assessed quantitatively. The national security and environmental impacts of continuing dependence on oil should receive major emphasis in decisions to implement new processes for fuel production. In this chapter we review the estimated sales prices of fuels and electric power from existing and proposed sources and compare them with OTEC prices. Actual manufacturing costs are generally unavailable and are highly dependent on the financing methods and resources of the individual producer. However, an objective comparison of the sales prices of fuels produced by proposed processes can be made by using the Mossman financial analysis method to estimate the sales price of fuel or electric power that must be charged for profitable operation. This requires only information on the plant investment, input fuel costs, and operation and maintenance costs. The sensitivity of the product costs to changes in the estimates in plant investment can then be displayed in a suitable graph. With this procedure the alternatives can be equitably compared from a uniform point of view. This includes costs of related facilities as well as the plant investment. See the discussion in Section 7.3. These costs vary with time in an unpredictable manner. Past forecasts have been in error by large factors. These costs are a small part of the total, typically a few percent of plant investment for capital-intensive projects. Environmental impact costs have usually been ignored. These items are a few percent of plant investment. State and local property taxes will be zero for sea-based OTEC systems.
Conference papers on the topic "Electric power production – Geographic information systems"
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Garcia-Garrido, Eduardo, L. Alfredo Fernandez-Jimenez, Montserrat Mendoza-Villena, Pedro M. Lara-Santillan, Pedro J. Zorzano-Santamaria, Enrique Zorzano-Alba, and Alberto Falces. "Electric Power Distribution Planning Tool Based on Geographic Information Systems and Evolutionary Algorithms." In 2017 European Conference on Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eecs.2017.79.
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Brignone, Massimo, Federico Delfino, Matteo Fichera, Renato Procopio, Luca Barillari, and Alessandro Nilberto. "Optimal thermal power production by means of an equivalent electric circuit for a thermal network: The Savona Campus Smart Polygeneration Microgrid case." In 2016 7th International Conference on Information, Intelligence, Systems & Applications (IISA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iisa.2016.7785394.
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Fanney, A. Hunter, Mark W. Davis, Brian P. Dougherty, David L. King, William E. Boyson, and Jay A. Kratochvil. "Comparison of Photovoltaic Module Performance Measurements." In ASME 2005 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2005-76086.
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Computer simulation tools used to predict the energy production of photovoltaic systems are needed in order to make informed economic decisions. These tools require input parameters that characterize module performance under various operational and environmental conditions. Depending upon the complexity of the simulation model, the required input parameters can vary from the limited information found on labels affixed to photovoltaic modules to an extensive set of parameters. The required input parameters are normally obtained indoors using a solar simulator or flash tester, or measured outdoors under natural sunlight. This paper compares measured performance parameters for three photovoltaic modules tested outdoors at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). Two of the three modules were custom fabricated using monocrystalline and silicon film cells. The third, a commercially available module, utilized triple-junction amorphous silicon cells. The resulting data allow a comparison to be made between performance parameters measured at two laboratories with differing geographical locations and apparatus. This paper describes the apparatus used to collect the experimental data, test procedures utilized, and resulting performance parameters for each of the three modules. Using a computer simulation model, the impact that differences in measured parameters have on predicted energy production is quantified. Data presented for each module include power output at standard rating conditions and the influence of incident angle, air mass, and module temperature on each module’s electrical performance. Measurements from the two laboratories are in excellent agreement. The power at standard rating conditions is within 1% for all three modules. Although the magnitude of the individual temperature coefficients varied as much as 17% between the two laboratories, the impact on predicted performance at various temperature levels was minimal, less than 2%. The influence of air mass on the performance of the three modules measured at the laboratories was in excellent agreement. The largest difference in measured results between the two laboratories was noted in the response of the modules to incident angles that exceed 75°.
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Ramaswamy, Deepa. "Processes That Enable the Development of Production Control Systems for Hybrids/Alternative Energy Vehicles." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-29176.
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There are several challenges involved in the development of a production control system for a hybrid/alternative energy vehicle. Some of the challenges center around the new component technologies such as batteries, power electronics, electric machines or hydraulics that are an integral part of such a vehicle. Others center around the invention that is required to develop novel algorithms that utilize these component technologies in the most synergistic fashion with conventional technologies so as to optimize a cost function of interest (fuel economy for example). While these challenges are noteworthy in their own right, there are additional challenges that need to be overcome to actually bring them to production and to deliver a quality product that meets the OEM requirements for quality and robustness over the lifetime of the vehicle (10 years/150,000 miles for example). These hybrid/alternative energy production vehicles are expected to be exercised in the very same environments (e.g. hot, cold, high altitude, humid) that the consumer has been using conventional vehicles in. This paper describes several processes that enable the development of control systems that can not only “get things working”, but also meet the more rigorous quality and robustness demands imposed upon a production vehicle. While these processes are not limited in their usage to only hybrid/alternative energy vehicles, it is the newness of the technologies in these vehicles, and the need to respond rapidly to the needs of the marketplace that really necessitates the use of such processes on these types of vehicles.
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Hentea, Mariana. "Improving Security for SCADA Control Systems." In InSITE 2008: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3185.
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The continuous growth of cyber security threats and attacks including the increasing sophistication of malware is impacting the security of critical infrastructure, industrial control systems, and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) control systems. The reliable operation of modern infrastructures depends on computerized systems and SCADA systems. Since the emergence of Internet and World Wide Web technologies, these systems were integrated with business systems and became more exposed to cyber threats. There is a growing concern about the security and safety of the SCADA control systems. The Presidential Decision Directive 63 document established the framework to protect the critical infrastructure and the Presidential document of 2003, the National Strategy to Secure Cyberspace stated that securing SCADA systems is a national priority. The critical infrastructure includes telecommunication, transportation, energy, banking, finance, water supply, emergency services, government services, agriculture, and other fundamental systems and services that are critical to the security, economic prosperity, and social well-being of the public. The critical infrastructure is characterized by interdependencies (physical, cyber, geographic, and logical) and complexity (collections of interacting components). Therefore, information security management principles and processes need to be applied to SCADA systems without exception. Critical infrastructure disruptions can directly and indirectly affect other infrastructures, impact large geographic regions, and send ripples throughout the national and global economy. For example, under normal operating conditions, the electric power infrastructure requires fuels (natural gas and petroleum), transportation, water, banking and finance, telecommunication, and SCADA systems for monitoring and control.
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Leighty, William C. "Running the World on Renewables: Hydrogen Transmission Pipelines With Firming Geologic Storage." In ASME 2008 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2008-60031.
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The world’s richest renewable energy resources — of large geographic extent and high intensity — are stranded: far from end-users with inadequate or nonexistent gathering and transmission systems to deliver the energy. The energy output of most renewables varies greatly, at time scales of seconds to seasons: the energy capture assets thus operate at inherently low capacity factor (CF); energy delivery to end-users is not “firm”. New electric transmission systems, or fractions thereof, dedicated to renewables, will suffer the same low CF, and represent substantial stranded capital assets, which increases the cost of delivered renewable-source energy. Electric energy storage cannot affordably firm large renewables at annual scale. At gigawatt (GW = 1,000 MW) scale, renewable-source electricity from diverse sources, worldwide, can be converted to hydrogen and oxygen, via high-pressure-output electrolyzers, with the hydrogen pipelined to load centers (cities, refineries, chemical plants) for use as vehicle fuel, combined-heat-and-power generation on the retail side of the customers’ meters, ammonia production, and petroleum refinery feedstock. The oxygen byproduct may be sold to adjacent dry biomass and / or coal gasification plants. Figures 1–3. New, large, solution-mined salt caverns in the southern Great Plains, and probably elsewhere in the world, may economically store enough energy as compressed gaseous hydrogen (GH2) to “firm” renewables at annual scale, adding great market and strategic value to diverse, stranded, rich, renewable resources. Figures 2 and 3. For example, Great Plains, USA, wind energy, if fully harvested and “firmed” and transmitted to markets, could supply the entire energy consumption of USA. If gathered, transmitted, and delivered as hydrogen, about 15,000 new solution-mined salt caverns, of ∼8 million cubic feet (225,000 cubic meters) each, would be required, at an incremental capital cost to the generation-transmission system of ∼5%. We report the results of several studies of the technical and economic feasibility of large-scale renewables — hydrogen systems. Windplants are the lowest-cost new renewable energy sources; we focus on wind, although concentrating solar power (CSP) is probably synergistic and will become attractive in cost. The largest and richest renewable resources in North America, with high average annual windspeed and sunlight, are stranded in the Great Plains: extant electric transmission capacity is insignificant relative to the resource potential. Large, new, electric transmission systems will be costly, difficult to site and permit, and may be difficult to finance, because of public opposition, uncertainties about transmission cost recovery, and inherently low CF in renewables service. The industrial gas companies’ decades of success and safety in operating thousands of km of GH2 pipelines worldwide is encouraging, but these are relatively short, small-diameter pipelines, and operating at low and constant pressure: not subject to the technical demands of renewables-hydrogen service (RHS), nor to the economic challenge of delivering low-volumetric-energy-density GH2 over hundreds or thousands of km to compete with other hydrogen sources at the destination. The salt cavern storage industry is also mature; several GH2 storage caverns have been in service for over twenty years; construction and operating and maintenance (O&M) costs are well understood; O&M costs are low.
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HomChaudhuri, Baisravan, Manish Kumar, and Vijay Devabhaktuni. "A Market Based Distributed Optimization for Power Allocation in Smart Grid." In ASME 2011 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference and Bath/ASME Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2011-6140.
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The potential of Smart Grid in bringing about a revolutionary change in the production, distribution, and utilization of power has generated much attention among producers and consumers of electric power, policy makers as well as researchers. However, before a smart grid can become fully functional, it requires technological advancements in a number of interdisciplinary domains. In particular, the usage of renewable energy sources is envisioned to result in a massively distributed power generation and distribution system composed of a large number of generating stations operating on disparate renewable technologies. Even though smart grid facilitates run-time optimal allocation of power via extensive instrumentation and information accessibility, the process of optimal power routing becomes challenging due to the massively distributed nature of generation facilities and consumption sites, and due to uncertainty caused by inherent random fluctuations in generation. In this paper, a Market Based technique has been presented for carrying out the optimal allocation for efficient utilization of the energy produced in a Smart Grid. The Market Based Resource Allocation is inspired by concepts from the economic market, where resources are allocated to activities through the process of competitive buying and selling. In the proposed technique, the energy consumers act as the potential energy buyers and the energy producers act as the energy sellers. The paper evaluates the proposed Market Based technique via a number of simulated scenarios of energy consumers and producers in a Smart Grid. The proposed technique optimizes the transmission loss of electric power distribution. Simulation results of the proposed approach are presented at the end of this paper.
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Maulidani, Oki, Christian Bonilla, Monica Paredes, Pedro Escalona, Jorge Villalobos, Luciano Bravo, Diego Estevez, et al. "Digitalization Creates the Big Picture of Integrated ESP Optimization in Shushufindi Field." In SPE Gulf Coast Section Electric Submersible Pumps Symposium. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204513-ms.
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Abstract Electrical submersible pump (ESP) is the main artificial lift system in Shushufindi field. These systems besides facing high gas production, high scale and corrosion tendencies, also have to deal with surface fluid handling and electrical power limitations which combined impose challenges to optimize the ESP system. In perspective, the digitalization initiative has been key to integrate data in order to have a big picture of the actual field condition and ultimately to enhance oil production. Various dashboards have been created using the business intelligence tool to provide real time information. ESP dashboard shows opportunities to optimize the ESP unit by integrating real time and manual entry data to optimize frequency, surface equipment, opportunities for pump upsizing, and re-designing the ESP downhole equipment. The result of this analysis is derived from ESP simulation, nodal analysis, chemical treatment monitoring and real time surveillance of the ESP parameters. Dashboards of water handling, electrical power, and chemical treatment are utilized to support process analysis providing current field status, with also the feedback from operational and engineering recommendations. Comprehensive real time monitoring resulted in average of 500 bopd less production deferment in the last 12 months as the result of early detection and a proper operational optimization (chemical treatment, gas flaring, and choke optimization) of the unstable wells. Strategic decisions have been executed to ensure the availability of water handling capacity and electrical power for each production station such as stimulating disposal wells, cleaning injection flowlines, and repairing power generations. Up to 3,000 bopd total incremental has been generated in the last 12 months as the result of 17 upsizing operations, optimizing frequency in 68 wells, and optimizing surface equipment in 35 wells. The associated mean time between failures (MTBF) of ESP system has increased over the time from 224 days in 2013 to 674 days in 2020. Digitalization is a game changer for optimizing the oilfield production and to reduce associated operation risks from features as of real time surveillance, EDGE computing, remote actuation, and big data intelligence. This paper will elaborate in detail on how digitalization can be valuable in optimizing ESP system with a successful case study in Shushufindi field.
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Feitosa, Eduardo, Luis Oliveira, Bruno Lins, Ademir Junior, Rodrigo Melo, Djamel Sadok, and Ubiratan Carmo. "Security Information Architecture for Automation and Control Networks." In Simpósio Brasileiro de Segurança da Informação e de Sistemas Computacionais. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbseg.2008.20885.
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Ongoing automation and the open access implementation of critical systems are increasing security vulnerability in automation and control networks employed in the electric power sector. This work is of the view that the integration between policy-based management and access control mechanisms is necessary to take us closer to a more effective solution for the combat against security threats. This paper introduces a modular architecture based on the XACML framework and applies this to automation and control networks used in the electric power industry. This security architecture is described and its components are individually analyzed and tested in a real power production environment. This paper also describes relevant encountered difficulties, provides results and new insights into access control when applied to industrial critical network infrastructures.
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Carter, Thomas P., James W. Furlong, Sean P. Bushart, and Jessica Shi. "Wet, Dry, and Hybrid Heat Rejection System Impacts on the Economic Performance of a Thermoelectric Power Plant Subjected to Varying Degrees of Water Constraint." In ASME 2014 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2014-32051.
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The reduction of water consumption and use is emerging as a top priority for all types of thermoelectric power plants. In the United States, thermoelectric power production accounts for approximately 41% of freshwater withdrawals [1] and 3% of overall fresh water consumption. [2] On the basis of responses to a 2011 Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) Request for Information [3], the feasibility study [4,5,6,7] of a Thermosyphon Cooler Hybrid System (TCHS) [8], proposed by Johnson Controls, was funded under EPRI’s Technology Innovation (TI) Water-Conservation Program. The objective of this project was to further develop the TCHS design concept for larger scale power plant applications and then perform a thorough technical and economic feasibility evaluation of the TSC Hybrid System and compare it to a variety of other competitive heat rejection systems. The Thermosyphon Cooler Hybrid System reduces power plant cooling tower evaporative water loss by pre-cooling the condenser loop water through a dry cooling process employing an energy efficient, naturally recirculating refrigerant loop. This paper details the results of a detailed feasibility study that was conducted to compare the cost and performance of the TCHS to a number of other potential wet, dry, and hybrid thermoelectric power plant heat rejection systems operating under varying degrees of water constraint. Installed system cost estimates were developed for the base all wet cooling tower systems, TCHS’s of varying sizes, air-cooled condenser (ACC) hybrid systems of varying sizes, and all dry ACC systems. Optimized all wet cooling tower and all dry ACC system configurations were developed for five different climatic locations. A comprehensive power plant simulation program that evaluated the fuel and water requirements of the power plants equipped with the different heat rejection systems across the weather conditions associated with all 8,760 hours of a typical meteorological year was developed and then an extensive array of simulations were run each location. The summary data were organized in a separate interactive dynamic system comparison summary program to allow users to gain further insight into the relationships between the various heat rejection systems and the sensitivity of the results to changes in key input assumptions. This paper details the data presented in the interactive dynamic system comparison summary program. This program displays the key metrics of the Annual Net Cost of Power Production, the Annual Net Power Plant Profit, the Annual Operating Profit, and the Internal Rate of Return as a function of the Percent Annual Water Savings Required for the various heat rejection systems at each of the five studied climatic locations studied. Key results and conclusions are presented.
Reports on the topic "Electric power production – Geographic information systems"
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Little, Charles, and David Biedenharn. Technical assessment of the Old, Mississippi, Atchafalaya, and Red (OMAR) Rivers : channel geometry analysis. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45147.
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The Old River Control Complex (ORCC) consists of the Low Sill, Auxiliary, and Overbank structures as features of the Old River Control Structure (ORCS) and the privately owned hydro-electric power plant. Operations of the ORCC manage the hydrologic connectivity between the Mississippi River and the Atchafalaya River/Red River systems. The morphology of the Old, the Mississippi, the Atchafalaya, and the Red Rivers (OMAR) has been influenced by the flow distribution at the ORCC, as well as the accompanying bed sediments. A geomorphic assessment of the OMAR is underway to understand the morphological changes associated with operation of the ORCC. Supporting the geomorphic assessment, a channel geometry analysis herein documents observed adjustments of the affected river channels. Historical hydrographic survey data were used in the Geographic Information System to create river channel geometric models, which inform the analysis. Geometric parameters for cross sections and volume polygons were computed for each survey and evaluated for morphological trends which may be ascribed to the influence of the ORCC. Additionally, the geometric parameters for the Atchafalaya River were used to extend the geometry analyses from the 1951 Mississippi River Commission report on the Atchafalaya River, which was the primary catalyst for the initial development of the ORCS.