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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Electric circuit-breakers Testing

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Academic literature on the topic 'Electric circuit-breakers Testing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Electric circuit-breakers Testing"

1

Et. al., Jagadeesh Peddapudi,. "Generate Various Parameters Of Trv Envelope Synthetic Test Circuit." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 2 (April 11, 2021): 1348–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i2.1345.

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The most basic transient a circuit breaker needs to suffer during its activity is the transient recovery voltage (TRV), started by the electric force system as a characteristic response on flow interference. To test high voltage CBs, direct testing utilizing the force system or short out alternators are not practical. The testing of high voltage Circuit Breakers (CBs) of bigger limit requires huge limit of testing station. An equal infusion of short out current and transient voltage to medium and high voltage circuit breaker (CB) by a synthetic model is examined. Transient recovery voltage is made by a capacitor bank and is applied to CB. An optical set off spark gap has been utilized to interrupt short circuit and to introduce of transient recovery voltage that is applied across the contacts of circuit breaker. Transient recovery voltage examination can never be done totally, as the advancement of circuit breaker development and organization configuration goes on. The most widely recognized way to deal with TRV examination is concerning the supposed planned TRV, in which a suspicion of dismissing association between circuit breaker itself and the innate system recovery voltage is being made. Notwithstanding, it actually is by all accounts qualified to examine what circuit breaker means for transient recovery voltage. An ideal grouping to open/close of reinforcement test article and helper circuit breakers inside suitable chance to infuse of recovery voltage. The impact of reactance of inductive flaw current limiter just as distance to blame in short line issue condition on pace of ascent of recovery voltage. A 4-boundaries TRV synthetic test circuit dependent on equal current infusion technique is planned and mimicked for testing 145kV rating circuit-breakers according to new TRV prerequisites given in IEC 62271-100.

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2

Awwad, Abdullah Eial, Mahmoud Al-Soud, Alaa Al-Quteimat, and Oleksandr Ushkarenko. "Simulation-Based Analysis of Dynamics of Autonomous Electric Power Systems." Mathematical Modelling of Engineering Problems 9, no. 4 (August 31, 2022): 887–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/mmep.090405.

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This paper is devoted to the development of a model of an autonomous electric power system to study random processes of voltage, current and power changes in emergency and dynamic operation modes. A diagram for calculating short-circuit currents has been presented, which was focused on a typical wide range of autonomous power plants with three diesel generator units. A model of an autonomous power plant has been developed, allowing to solve the assignments of determining short-circuit currents and starting currents of electric power machines. The equivalent network of the studied power system for transient calculations has been presented. Thus, the voltage waveforms have been obtained. A comparative assessment of theoretical calculation methods and simulation analysis demonstrated a high degree of accuracy of the simulation results. The use of approach suggested in the article and the developed model allows to increase the accuracy of conclusions when testing the abruptly variable processes and to make the most reasonable choice of measures to improve the quality of electricity and the reliability of electrical equipment. In particular, simulation analysis and obtaining transient curves for starting powerful consumers allow more accurately choose the type of circuit breakers used and the related configuration parameters.

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3

Avadhoot Kittur, Dikhsita Choudhary, and Dr. Robert Michael Slepian. "Comparison of Numerical Methods for Thermal Performance Evaluation of Circuit Protection Devices in EV Application." ARAI Journal of Mobility Technology 2, no. 2 (May 13, 2022): 228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ajmt.1.2.9.

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With the growing demand of electric vehicles, design of circuit protection devices is now an important consideration in automobile industry. Modern day circuit protection devices have been constantly undergoing miniaturization due to requirement of minimizing the foot print for use in electrical vehicles and aerospace applications. This size reduction makes thermal management one of the most important aspects of their design. Use of numerical model to predict heat transfer can significantly reduce the cost and time required in testing physical prototypes. In this paper, three different approaches for numerically predicting temperature rise of circuit breakers are discussed and compared from the point of view of accuracy and computational effort. The three methods are 1) Finite volume based analysis in which conjugate heat transfer inside and outside the breaker is modelled by solving Navier-Stokes equations 2) Finite element based heat conduction model in which convection is modelled as boundary condition instead of solving for fluid motion, and 3) Thermal network based model which uses electrical analogy of heat transfer to solve a thermal resistance network. In the first two iterative models mentioned above, heat generation from current-carrying parts is calculated by solving Maxwell’s equations of electromagnetics by Finite element method. Eddy current losses and temperature dependence of electrical conductivity is considered in the calculation of heat loss. In all three methods, electrical and thermal contact resistances are added at appropriate locations based on analytical calculations. All three methods have been validated with temperature rise test results. In this paper, the heat loss and temperature of a molded case circuit breaker have been predicted by all three methods discussed above. It is observed that the Finite volume-based method is the most accurate amongst the three methods. It can computationally predict air motion and air temperature at critical locations. However, this additional accuracy comes at the cost of added effort in terms of additional mesh count and computation. The Finite elementbased method gives good accuracy but does not predict air temperature. The analytical network-based model is less accurate compared to other methods and relies on product expertise and experience. Based on the study, the following recommendations are made:1) The finite element-based method is best suited to evaluate designs which do not alter flow pattern significantly 2) The finite volume method is recommended to evaluate effect of flow altering design changes 3) The network-based model is recommended for initial evaluation of correct cross sections of current carrying members.

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4

Thuries, E., P. Van Doan, J. Dayet, and B. Joyeux-Bouillon. "Synthetic Testing Method for Generator Circuit Breakers." IEEE Power Engineering Review PER-6, no. 1 (January 1986): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mper.1986.5528242.

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5

Runde, M., G. E. Ottesen, B. Skyberg, and M. Ohlen. "Vibration Analysis for Diagnostic Testing of Circuit Breakers." IEEE Power Engineering Review 16, no. 10 (October 1996): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mper.1996.4311023.

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6

Thuries, E., P. Van Doan, J. Dayet, and B. Joyeux-Bouillon. "Synthetic Testing Method for Generator Circuit Breakers." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 1, no. 1 (1986): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.1986.4307905.

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7

Vasiliev, S. A., E. G. Egorov, G. E. Egorov, E. N. Kadyshev, A. G. Kulagina, N. Yu Luiya, and I. K. Nikiforov. "Testing Low-Voltage Circuit Breakers for Ultimate Breaking Capacity." Russian Electrical Engineering 92, no. 8 (August 2021): 412–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068371221080137.

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8

van der Sluis, L., and W. A. van der Linden. "Short-Circuit Testing Methods for Generator Circuit-Breakers with a Parallel Resistor." IEEE Power Engineering Review PER-5, no. 10 (October 1985): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mper.1985.5528683.

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9

Frohlich, K. J. "Synthetic Testing of Circuit Breakers Equipped With a Low OHMIC Resistor with Special Respect to Generator Circuit Breakers." IEEE Power Engineering Review PER-5, no. 8 (August 1985): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mper.1985.5526408.

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10

Voshall, R. E., and A. Lee. "Capacitor Energy Storage Synthetic Testing of H.V.D.C. Circuit Breakers." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 1, no. 1 (1986): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.1986.4307906.

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Books on the topic "Electric circuit-breakers Testing"

1

Electronics technology handbook. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1999.

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2

IEEE Power Engineering Society. Switchgear Committee., ed. Supplement to IEEE guide for synthetic fault testing of AC high-voltage circuit breakers rated on a symmetrical current basis: 8.3.2, recovery voltage for terminal faults, asymmetrical short-circuit current. New York: IEEE, 1998.

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3

C, Kunkel, Shteyngart S, Brookhaven National Laboratory, and U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research. Division of Engineering., eds. Relay test program, series II tests: Integral testing of relays and circuit breakers. Washington, DC: Division of Engineering, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1994.

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4

W, Nichols Marvin, Gomez Vernon R, and United States. Mine Safety and Health Administration, eds. Calibration of specific ground-wire monitors. Arlington, Va. (4015 Wilson Blvd., Arlington 22203-1984): U.S. Dept. of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, 1993.

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5

Slamecka, Ernst. Prüfung Von Hochspannungs-Leistungsschaltern. Springer London, Limited, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Electric circuit-breakers Testing"

1

"Low-Voltage Switchgear and Circuit Breakers." In Electrical Power Equipment Maintenance and Testing, 469–534. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420017557-15.

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2

"Medium-Voltage Switchgear and Circuit Breakers." In Electrical Power Equipment Maintenance and Testing, 415–68. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420017557-14.

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"Medium-Voltage Switchgear and Circuit Breakers." In Electrical Power Equipment Maintenance and Testing, Second Edition. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420017557.ch7.

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4

"Low-Voltage Switchgear and Circuit Breakers." In Electrical Power Equipment Maintenance and Testing, Second Edition. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420017557.ch8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Electric circuit-breakers Testing"

1

Smeets, R. P. P., and L. H. te Paske. "Testing of SF6- and vacuum generator circuit breakers." In 2011 1st International Conference on Electric Power Equipment - Switching Technology (ICEPE-ST). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icepe-st.2011.6122956.

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2

Smeets, R. P. P., S. Kuivenhoven, and A. B. Hofstee. "Testing of 800 and 1200 kV class circuit breakers." In 2011 1st International Conference on Electric Power Equipment - Switching Technology (ICEPE-ST). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icepe-st.2011.6122925.

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3

Channegowda, Parikshith, Bo Liu, Baljit Riar, and Xin Wu. "Testing Solid State DC Circuit Breakers for Electrified Aircraft Applications." In 2022 IEEE/AIAA Transportation Electrification Conference and Electric Aircraft Technologies Symposium (ITEC+EATS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itec53557.2022.9813998.

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4

Lee, Hee-Cheol, Ji-Hoon Park, and Young-Geun Kim. "Study on transient recovery voltage for testing of high-voltage circuit breakers." In 2015 3rd International Conference on Electric Power Equipment - Switching Technology (ICEPE-ST). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icepe-st.2015.7368316.

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5

D’Hooghe, Wim. "Proper Testing of DC High Speed Circuit-Breakers and Protection Relays in a Railway Environment." In 2018 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2018-6237.

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DC High Speed circuit-breakers (DC-HSCB’s) and Protective Relays (PR’s) are present in all sorts of rail infrastructure. National or urban railways, tramways or metro’s, they all rely on this equipment to protect them from disastrous situations. The circuit-breakers can be installed either on board of the trains or on the trackside, in traction power substations. Protection Relays are, in most cases, part of the fixed installation. Needless to say that the DC-HSCB and PR are critical parts of the rail infrastructure. In the best case a faulty unit can cause the trains to stand still, in the worst case it can blow up parts of the infrastructure and cause casualties. The life-cycle of circuit-breakers is long, some of the units still in operation are more than 50 years old. The first digital protective relays were introduced in the eighties. Proper testing of DC-HSCB and PR is a hot topic these days as a result of a number of incidents on various LRT and tramway systems (STEVO Electric, 2015). This paper describes some issues with testing and how to resolve them.

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6

Karafiat, Pavel, and Jiri Gurecky. "Electromagnetic susceptibility tests for low voltage circuit breakers and motor operators: Testing of electrostatic discharges, radiated radio — Frequency electromagnetic fields and electrical fast transients." In 2016 17th International Scientific Conference on Electric Power Engineering (EPE). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/epe.2016.7521778.

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7

Westover, T. L., T. S. Fisher, V. Chopra, and F. E. Pfefferkorn. "Experimental Characterization of Anode Heating Due to Electron Emission From an Individual Carbon Nanotube." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-61163.

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Electron field emission is the process by which electrons tunnel from a cathode to an anode, usually through vacuum, by the application of a large voltage bias. Field-emission devices find applications in flat panel displays, electrical circuit breakers, and power diodes. A significant amount of heat can be transferred to the anode from high-energy electrons as they impact the anode surface. This study investigates the heating of a thin, disc-shaped steel anode by field-emitted electrons from a single carbon nanotube. Experiments have demonstrated a temperature rise of more than 11.0 C at the anode center at an energy deposition rate of 16 mW. A finite-difference model is employed to predict the steady-state anode temperature profile resulting from electron field emission, and this profile is compared to that obtained from measurements taken with an infrared camera. The comparison yields information regarding the diameter of the electron beam as it strikes the anode. The paper also discusses significant experimental challenges, which include attaching individual nanotubes on a tungsten needle to withstand the applied electric field and obtaining consistent results during repeated testing.

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8

Sarkar, Subhas. "Developments in Traction Transformer." In 2012 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2012-74098.

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Mass transit systems are gaining increased attention and popularity in the country. With this increased activity, more and more lines are getting added under public transit systems in more and more cities. One of the essential elements in the transit system is the traction transformer which powers the trains. With the emphasis on reliability, there is also increased awareness of the energy efficiency required of the traction substation equipments and the transformer in particular. Traction transformers are not ordinary power or distribution transformers. They have to meet several special requirements, including parameters like voltage regulation, impedance, commutation, short circuit withstand, operation with rectifiers, harmonic losses, wide fluctuation of load currents depending on the cyclic nature, etc. The reliability criteria are stringent and the traction transformers have to be properly designed, manufactured and tested, including short circuit testing for validation. Use of modern design tools like electric and magnetic field mapping and estimation of forces and stresses are helpful in computing them accurately. With the extensive use of vacuum circuit breakers, the subject of interaction of transformers and breakers have come to the foreground. New standards (like IEEE C57.142) have come into existence, which recommend methods to mitigate such effects. The author of this paper and his team has successfully applied these techniques in real life situations to solve problems. Work is in the final stages for preparation of a standard specifically for Traction Power Rectifier Transformers for transit applications (IEEE draft standard 1653.1) under the IEEE Vehicle Standards Committee.

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9

Jamnani, J. G., and S. A. Kanitkar. "Design and Simulation of 2-Parameters TRV Synthetic Testing Circuit for Medium Voltage Circuit Breakers." In 2006 International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icece.2006.355275.

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10

Jamnani, J. G., and S. A. Kanitkar. "Design and Simulation of 4-Parameters TRV Synthetic Testing Circuit for High Voltage Circuit Breakers." In 2006 International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icece.2006.355281.

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