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Journal articles on the topic 'Electric circuit analogie'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Matveenko, Valerii, Maksim Iurlov, Dmitrii Oshmarin, Nataliya Sevodina, and Nataliia Iurlova. "Modelling of vibrational processes in systems with piezoelements and external electric circuits on the basis of their electrical analogue." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 29, no. 16 (June 11, 2018): 3254–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x18781025.

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The dissipative properties of electromechanical systems based on structure with elements made of piezomaterial can be controlled by attaching external electric circuits to the piezoelements. One can change electric circuit parameters in such a way as to ensure the greatest possible energy dissipation on an external electric circuit and, thereby, the best damping of the system’s specified oscillation frequency. Since the external electric circuits are a collection of elements with lumped parameters attached to a system with distributed parameters, the solution for such a system of electro-viscoelasticity problems in the complete formulation by the finite element method leads to a large solving system of algebraic equations. The solution of this system requires considerable time and computational resources. There are known approaches in mechanics that make it possible to represent mechanical systems with distributed parameters in the form of discrete systems with lumped parameters, such as a spring–mass–damper. In this article, it is proposed to model electromechanical systems with external electric circuits based on their electrical analogue in the form of equivalent electric substitution circuits, which are discrete electrical systems with lumped parameters. These discrete systems are analogues of the initial electromechanical systems in terms of frequency characteristics and the electrical processes that take place in them. The equivalent substitution circuit is based on the Van Dyke model and allows one to obtain the required number of complex eigenfrequencies of the electromechanical system under consideration.

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2

Pan, Naiqiao, Tian Chen, Houjun Sun, and Xiangdong Zhang. "Electric-Circuit Realization of Fast Quantum Search." Research 2021 (July 26, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2021/9793071.

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Quantum search algorithm, which can search an unsorted database quadratically faster than any known classical algorithms, has become one of the most impressive showcases of quantum computation. It has been implemented using various quantum schemes. Here, we demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally that such a fast search algorithm can also be realized using classical electric circuits. The classical circuit networks to perform such a fast search have been designed. It has been shown that the evolution of electric signals in the circuit networks is analogies of quantum particles randomly walking on graphs described by quantum theory. The searching efficiencies in our designed classical circuits are the same to the quantum schemes. Because classical circuit networks possess good scalability and stability, the present scheme is expected to avoid some problems faced by the quantum schemes. Thus, our findings are advantageous for information processing in the era of big data.

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3

Wilson, B. "Analogue Current Mode Circuits." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 26, no. 3 (July 1989): 206–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072098902600303.

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Circuits designed to use current as the active parameter can often outperform by a significant margin the more traditional voltage mode formulations. Many wideband circuit functions and new design opportunities are available by using current mirrors and current conveyors as basic building blocks.

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4

Al- Jubair, Aliaa S., Kerima M. Ziadan, and Salma A. Mahmood. "Design Interfacing circuit of measuring electric properties." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 12, no. 4 (November 30, 2005): 52–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.12.4.03.

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The present paper describe the design of an interface for measuring electric conductivity of different materials. It is designed and built an interface circuit consists of three analogue / Digital converters and its accessories to engage it with Microcomputer through the card of parallel port of printer. The main aim of building this circuit is to measure the electrical properties such as voltage, current, and then electric conductivity. The operating programs for this circuit runs under MSDOS environment for the sake of controlling its operation and calculating the required results later.

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5

Brandão, Eric, William D'Andrea Fonseca, and Paulo Henrique Mareze. "An algorithmic approach to electroacoustical analogies." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 1 (July 2022): 667–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0012886.

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The low-frequency behavior of acoustical transducers can be simulated with the so-called electroacoustical analogies (or lumped parameters). The main idea is that visual inspection of the transducer allows the derivation of an electroacoustic circuit that can be analyzed. The technique is computationally efficient and provides significant physical insight into the transducer. Electroacoustical analogies are taught today in many courses around the world. However, it is difficult to find reading material with an algorithmic approach to derive the electroacoustic circuit from the visual inspection of the transducer. This paper presents algorithms to derive the mechanical and acoustical circuits of transducer systems and how to couple the electrical, mechanical, and acoustical circuits for electrodynamic and capacitive transducers. A number of examples of the derivation are presented in detail. These techniques were conceived from an extensive search of the classical literature in acoustics and adapted to the teaching needs of undergraduate and graduate students of the Acoustical Engineering at the Federal University of Santa Maria in Brazil.

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6

Sindler, Yuri, and Simon Lineykin. "Static, Dynamic, and Signal-to-Noise Analysis of a Solid-State Magnetoelectric (Me) Sensor with a Spice-Based Circuit Simulator." Sensors 22, no. 15 (July 24, 2022): 5514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155514.

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Modeling the non-electrical processes by equivalent electrical circuits is a widely known and successfully used technique in research and development. Although finite element methods software development has supplanted electrical analogy techniques due to greater accuracy and intuitiveness in recent decades, the modeling of physical processes based on analogies has several advantages in some cases. Representation of physical processes in the form of lumped circuits and graphs allows researchers to estimate the system with an alternative view, use standardized methods for solving electrical circuits for non-electrical systems, and, most importantly, allows us to use electrical circuit simulators with their unique capabilities. Of particular interest for using the analogy technique are systems that include electronic components along with components belonging to other physical domains, such as mechanical, thermal, magnetic, and others. A solid-state magnetoelectric (ME) sensor equipped with a charge amplifier is proposed in this study as an example of analysis using the equivalent electrical circuit and simulating these circuits using SPICE-based circuit simulators. Sensor analysis is conducted with an emphasis on noise budgeting and optimizing the sensor’s signal-to-noise ratio and resolution. In addition, the steady state, the phasor, and transient types of analyses were employed to study the static and dynamic behavior of the system. Validation of the model using analytical calculations and comparison with experimental data demonstrated superior results.

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7

Kobayashi, Haruo, and Anna Kuwana. "Study of analog-to-digital mixed integrated circuit configuration using number theory." Impact 2022, no. 3 (June 30, 2022): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2022.3.9.

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Electronic circuits form the basis of much of the technology we use today. Professor Haruo Kobayashi and Assistant Professor Anna Kuwana, Division of Electronics and Informatics, Gunma University, Japan, are utilising classical mathematics, including theorems such as number theory and control theory in their design of circuits that contain elements of analogue signalling. Analogue circuit planning is regarded as an art as these circuits are typically designed based on mature designers' intuition and experiences in a process that is less systematic for coming up with new architectures and more designing than digital circuit design and Kobayashi and Kuwana firmly believe that 'beautiful' mathematics can facilitate truly great circuit design. Additional mathematics techniques employed by Kobayashi and the team are statistics, coding theory, modulation and signal processing algorithms and pairing pure mathematics theorems with electrical engineering is a key feature of the researchers' work. The team utilises theoretical analysis and simulations such as the circuit simulator (SPICE) and system simulator (MATLAB) to test its work and collaborates with semiconductor companies and electronic measurement instrument companies in Japan for smart circuit design and effective circuit testing. So far, results include that using SAR ADC configurations with Fibonacci sequence weights can improve the speeds and reliability of the SAR ADC. Also several new DAC architecutures and waveform sampling methods are derived based on mathematics.

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8

Opris, I. E., and G. T. A. Kovacs. "Analogue median circuit." Electronics Letters 30, no. 17 (August 18, 1994): 1369–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19940923.

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9

Azzouz, Y., H. Schneider, L. A. Coyitangiye, and B. Ravelo. "Analogue Behavioral Modeling of GTO." Advances in Power Electronics 2011 (July 26, 2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/623039.

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An analog behavioral model of high power gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) is developed in this paper. The fundamental methodology for the modeling of this power electronic circuit is based on the use of the realistic diode consideration of non-linear junctions. This modeling technique enables to perform different simulations taking into account the turn-on and turn-off transient behaviors in real-time. The equivalent circuits were simulated with analog software developed in our laboratory. It was shown that the tested simple and compact model allows the generation of accurate physical characteristics of power thyristors under dynamic conditions. The model understudy was validated with analog simulations based on operational amplifier devices.

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10

Herrera-Valdez, Marco Arieli. "An equation for the biological transmembrane potential from basic biophysical principles." F1000Research 9 (July 3, 2020): 676. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24205.1.

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Biological membranes mediate different physiological processes necessary for life, many of which depend on ion movement. In turn, the difference between the electrical potentials around a biological membrane, called transmembrane potential, or membrane potential for short, is one of the key biophysical variables affecting ion movement. Most of the existing equations that describe the change in membrane potential are based on analogies with resistive-capacitive electrical circuits. These equivalent circuit models assume resistance and capacitance as measures of the permeable and the impermeable properties of the membrane, respectively. These models have increased our understanding of bioelectricity, and were particularly useful at times when the basic structure, biochemistry, and biophysics of biological membrane systems were not well known. However, the parts in the ohmic circuits from which equations are derived, are not quite like the biological elements present in the spaces around and within biological membranes. Using current, basic knowledge about the structure, biophysics, and biochemical properties of biological membrane systems, it is shown here that it is possible to derive a simple equation for the transmembrane potential. Of note, the resulting equation is not based on electrical circuit analogies. Nevertheless, the classical model for the membrane potential based on an equivalent RC-circuit is recovered as a particular case, thus providing a mathematical justification for the classical models. Examples are presented showing the effects of the voltage dependence of charge aggregation around the membrane, on the timing and shape of neuronal action potentials.

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11

Vlassis, S., and S. Siskos. "CMOS analogue median circuit." Electronics Letters 35, no. 13 (1999): 1038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19990727.

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12

Oshmarin, Dmitrii, Nataliya Sevodina, Nataliia Iurlova, and Maksim Iurlov. "Development of an electrical analogue for modeling natural vibrations of a viscoelastic structure with piezoelectric element." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 32, no. 3 (January 11, 2021): 369–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x20983881.

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This paper focuses on the development of an equivalent electrical model with lumped parameters capable of describing the natural vibrations of an electromechanical system comprising a viscoelastic structure with a piezoelectric element attached to its surface. The important advantage of the model is that it takes into account the energy losses associated with the viscoelastic properties of the material of the main structure. Two versions of the equivalent electric analogue of the initial electro-viscoelastic system in the form of electric circuits, the elements of which are described by the real or complex quantities, are considered. The approaches to the formulation of the problem of natural vibrations in the developed electric analogue are based on Kirchhoff’s laws for electric circuits and Ohm’s law for alternating current. Special attention is paid to the identification of model parameters. A procedure for determining the parameters for the equivalent electrical model is based on the results gained from the solution of a coupled problem of natural vibrations of the initial electromechanical system; problem formulation is also given here. The effectiveness and reliability of the developed equivalent electric models with lumped parameters for the determination of complex eigenfrequencies of the electromechanical system containing energy dissipation elements are demonstrated by analyzing the behavior of structures in the form of a rectangular plate and a semi-cylindrical shell.

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13

Teslyuk, V. M., P. Yu Denysyuk, and T. V. Teslyuk. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE BASIC CAPACITIVE ACCELEROMETERS MODELS BASED ON THE VHDL-AMS LANGUAGE FOR THE CIRCUIT LEVEL OF COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN." Ukrainian Journal of Information Technology 2, no. 1 (2020): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/ujit2020.02.015.

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In the article, the basic VHDL-AMS models of MEMS-based capacitive accelerometers were developed. The models were designed for two basic types of capacitive accelerometers, namely lamellar and counter-pivotal. The developed models allow us to determine the source of electrical capacitive accelerometers depending on the incoming mechanical and structural parameters and were constructed for MEMS CAD at the circuit level. The circuit level of MEMS development requires an analysis of the total integrated device electric circuits. For this purpose, all the MEMS components should be written in the specific software systems, which would be understandable for the software system. Taking into account that MEMS devices operate on different physical principles, certain difficulties may arise during the electrical analysis, that is, the work of mechanical or other devices need to be described with the help of electric parameters. In the general case, the method for building the VHDL-AMS model of the MEMS-based capacitive accelerometer is needed construction of the simplified mechanical model, and then a simplified electrical model. On the basis of the simplified models, the VHDL-AMS model of electromechanical MEMS devices has been developed. In the article, the method of automated synthesis and mathematical models using the VHDL-AMS language, which is based on the method of electrical analogies were described. They use systems of ordinary differential equations and partial differential equations to determine the relationships between input and output parameters. The sequence and quantity of used differential equations are determined by the physical principles of operation of the MEMS element and the number of energy transformations, which allows increasing the level of automation of synthesis operations compared to existing methods. The results of the basic lamellar and counter-pivotal capacitive accelerometers are also shown. This enables to conduct research and analysis of its parameters and investigate the output electric parameters dependence on the input mechanical ones.

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14

Thompson, Avery. "Modeling pandemic surges using an electric circuit analogue." Scilight 2022, no. 6 (February 11, 2022): 061110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/10.0009626.

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15

Tolmachev, Alexander V., Evgeny V. Sinitsyn, and Dmitrii A. Brusyanin. "Transport system modelling based on analogies between road networks and electrical circuits." R-Economy 1, no. 2 (July 11, 2019): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/recon.2019.5.2.010.

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This article describes a probabilistic mathematical model which can be used to analyse traffic flows in a road network. This model allows us to calculate the probability of distribution of vehicles in a regional road network or an urban street network. In the model, the movement of cars is treated as a Markov process. This makes it possible to formulate an equation determining the probability of finding cars at key points of the road network such as street intersections, parking lots or other places where cars concentrate. For a regional road network, we can use cities as such key points. This model enables us, for instance, to use the analogues of Kirchhoff First Law (Ohm's Law) for calculation of traffic flows. This calculation is based on the similarity of a real road network and resistance in an electrical circuit. The traffic flow is an analogue of the electric current, the resistance of the section between the control points is the time required to move from one key point to another, and the voltage is the difference in the number of cars at these points. In this case, well-known methods for calculating complex electrical circuits can be used to calculate traffic flows in a real road network. The proposed model was used to calculate the critical load for a road network and compare road networks in various regions of the Ural Federal District.

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16

Simmons, John G. "Analogue Integrated Circuits." Electronics and Power 32, no. 3 (1986): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ep.1986.0154.

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17

DJORDJEVIĆ, S. D., P. M. PETKOVIĆ, and V. B. LITOVSKI. "A NEW TOPOLOGY ORIENTED METHOD FOR SYMBOLIC ANALYSIS OF ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 19, no. 08 (December 2010): 1781–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812661000716x.

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This paper presents a new approach to symbolic network analysis. The procedure is entirely topology oriented because it operates with a netlist description of the analyzed circuit. The obtained network function has nested form. The method introduces a graph representation of the factorization process, that is constructed directly from a given circuit description. Therefore, it is named Topology Decision Diagram (TDD). This graph serves as a skeleton for network function generation. TDD construction starts from the original circuit and spreads to simplified subcircuits. Every subsequent subcircuit is obtained by replacing a circuit branch with an open or a short. The proposed procedure generates the network function in reverse order. It starts from a single circuit parameter placed as a leaf of TDD. Thereafter, the circuit function grows instantiating the other circuit parameter one by one in a sequential order. The proposed method was developed for analogue CMOS circuits and, consequently, recognizes R, L, C and gm as circuit components.

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18

Pammu, S., and S. F. Quigley. "Novel analogue CMOS defuzzification circuit." IEE Proceedings - Circuits, Devices and Systems 142, no. 3 (1995): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-cds:19951927.

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19

Hsieh, H. C., and W. T. Chang. "Image interpolation by analogue circuit." Electronics Letters 28, no. 9 (1992): 867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19920547.

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20

Fikos, G., and S. Siskos. "Analogue CMOS vector normalisation circuit." Electronics Letters 35, no. 25 (1999): 2197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19991503.

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21

Toumazou, C., and G. Barry. "Intuitive analogue circuit design." Electronics & Communication Engineering Journal 9, no. 5 (October 1, 1997): 231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ecej:19970504.

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22

Canova, Aldo, Giambattista Gruosso, and Michele Quercio. "Characterization of Electromagnetic Device by Means of Spice Models." International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering 11, no. 9 (September 20, 2021): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.46338/ijetae0921_02.

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— In this paper, the lumped parameter circuital approach devoted to the simulation of massive, conductive, and ferromagnetic cores including eddy currents and nonlinearity is presented. In the first part of the paper, the circuit analogies devoted to the simulation of magnetic structure coupled with external electrical and eventually mechanical equations are summarised. The two techniques are known in the literature as reluctance-resistance and permeancecapacitance analogies. In particular, it is put in evidence the exploitation of the gyrator component in the modelling of the coupling among magnetic and electrical quantities. The originality of this paper consists in demonstrating for the first time that the rotator-capacitor approach is very suitable for simulations in spice environment and the solution is validated on real applications. Following the circuital approach, the effect of the conductivity and nonlinear magnetic behaviour of the magnetic branches is formalized and introduced in the model. The simulation of the conductivity behaviour, which introduces in massive cores significant eddy current effects, is modelled according to the two possible analogies: the reluctance and the permeance-capacitor model. Under sinusoidal steady-state behaviour, energy aspects related to the two models are then presented and discussed. The nonlinearity is taken into account through the fixed-point technique which is suitable for a lumped circuit representation. The full circuital approach is then adopted for the simulation of the real electromechanical actuator under transient and sinusoidal steady-state behaviour conditions. The simulated result is then compared with numerical finite element and experimental result

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23

Yu, T. K., S. M. Kang, J. Sacks, and W. J. Welch. "Parametric yield optimization of CMOS analogue circuits by quadratic statistical circuit performance models." International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications 19, no. 6 (November 1991): 579–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cta.4490190606.

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24

Jarløv, Anders, and Tim Toftgaard Jensen. "Model Simulating the Heat Transfer of Skin." International Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Engineering 3, no. 2 (July 2014): 42–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbce.2014070104.

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The relationship between surface temperature and heat transfer in a section of isotropic material with plane parallel sides, in this context simulating human skin, can be attained by means of analogue models. A model, in the form of electric circuits, enables the analogue functions to be recorded as electrical signals. Analogue heat transfer rates derived by processing voltage data from the models can be used for the determination of analogue measures of blood perfusion of the skin, which is generally stated in terms of ml blood flow per 100 ml tissue per minute. Analogue time scales can be compressed, reducing recording times of analogue functions, and inaccessible sites of actual tissues can be made accessible for observation in a model version. Lengthy calculations and the development of formulas can be substituted with the recording of analogue functions. The ability of a perfusable material to simulate the skin model is estimated by how well the material, when subjected to known perfusions with water, exhibit surface temperatures that agree with the corresponding analogue properties of the electrical model. The materials and methods are tentatively applied to recordings of perfusion of human skin.

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25

Körner, Julia, Christopher F. Reiche, Bernd Büchner, Thomas Mühl, and Gerald Gerlach. "Employing electro-mechanical analogies for co-resonantly coupled cantilever sensors." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 5, no. 2 (July 13, 2016): 245–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-5-245-2016.

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Abstract. Understanding the behaviour of mechanical systems can be facilitated and improved by employing electro-mechanical analogies. These analogies enable the use of network analysis tools as well as purely analytical treatment of the mechanical system translated into an electric circuit. Recently, we developed a novel kind of sensor set-up based on two coupled cantilever beams with matched resonance frequencies (co-resonant coupling) and possible applications in magnetic force microscopy and cantilever magnetometry. In order to analyse the sensor's behaviour in detail, we describe it as an electric circuit model. Starting from a simplified coupled harmonic oscillator model with neglected damping, we gradually increase the complexity of the system by adding damping and interaction elements. For each stage, various features of the coupled system are discussed and compared to measured data obtained with a co-resonant sensor. Furthermore, we show that the circuit model can be used to derive sensor parameters which are essential for the evaluation of measured data. Finally, the much more complex circuit representation of a bending beam is discussed, revealing that the simplified circuit model of a coupled harmonic oscillator is a very good representation of the sensor system.

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26

Lopez-Martin, A. J., J. Ramirez-Angulo, R. Chintham, and R. G. Carvajal. "Class AB CMOS analogue squarer circuit." Electronics Letters 43, no. 20 (2007): 1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20071969.

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27

Rovetta, S., and R. Zunino. "Minimal-connectivity circuit for analogue sorting." IEE Proceedings - Circuits, Devices and Systems 146, no. 3 (1999): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-cds:19990323.

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28

Morris, T. G., and S. P. DeWeerth. "Analogue VLSI morphological image processing circuit." Electronics Letters 31, no. 23 (November 9, 1995): 1998–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19951367.

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29

Vladimirescu, A., and J. J. Chariot. "MOS analogue circuit simulation with SPICE." IEE Proceedings - Circuits, Devices and Systems 141, no. 4 (1994): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-cds:19941247.

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30

Tamaševičius, A. "Reproducible analogue circuit for chaotic synchronisation." Electronics Letters 33, no. 13 (1997): 1105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19970753.

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31

Mogstad, Erik, and Berit Bungum. "Ski lifts, bowling balls, pipe system or waterfall? Lower secondary students’ understanding of analogies for electric circuits." Nordic Studies in Science Education 16, no. 1 (February 17, 2020): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/nordina.6882.

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Electric circuits are challenging for students to understand, and a wide range of analogies are developed in order to support their learning. This article investigates how lower secondary students understand four analogies presented in teaching material for science for Norwegian schools. The analogies compare electric circuits to a ski lift, a water pipe system, a waterfall and moving bowling balls, respectively. Data in the study consist of group interviews with 12 students in lower secondary school, about how they understand the analogies. Results show that students are able to reason about continuity and the concept of current in circuits based on all the analogies, but that the concept of voltage remains a challenge. It seems from the results that analogies relating voltage to energy transfer as an effect of height difference in a gravitational field are constructive, despite the need for the more abstract concept of field. In addition, the results demonstrate that weaknesses in how the analogies are presented may cause major problems for students in building a fruitful understanding. This kind of weaknesses are prevalent in the teaching material studied.

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32

Sen, A. K. "Application of electrical analogues for control analysis of simple metabolic pathways." Biochemical Journal 272, no. 1 (November 15, 1990): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2720065.

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I have used electrical analogues for calculating the Flux Control Coefficients of metabolic pathways. An analogue circuit consists of resistances that are connected in series (or parallel) with a voltage (or current) source. In constructing the analogues, each of the enzymes in the pathway is associated with a resistance whose magnitude depends on the Elasticity Coefficients of the enzymes. These circuits can be designed in a heuristic fashion directly from the configuration of the pathway, without the necessity of writing down the governing equations with the use of Summation and Connectivity Theorems. The Flux Control Coefficients of the enzymes are represented by voltages across (or currents through) the resistances and are determined by an application of Ohm's Law. Results are given for (a) a simple linear pathway without feedback or feedforward regulation, and (b) a linear pathway with feedback inhibition. The analogue circuits are also convenient for assessing the relative importance of the various enzymes in flux control, and for simplifying the structure of a given pathway.

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33

Tamaševičiūtė, E., A. Tamaševičius, G. Mykolaitis, and S. Bumelienė. "Analogue Electrical Circuit for Simulation of the Duffing-Holmes Equation." Nonlinear Analysis: Modelling and Control 13, no. 2 (April 25, 2008): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/na.2008.13.2.14582.

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We describe an extremely simple second order analogue electrical circuit for simulating the two-well Duffing-Holmes mathematical oscillator. Numerical results and analogue electrical simulations are illustrated with the snapshots of chaotic waveforms, with the phase portraits (the Lissajous figures) and with the stroboscopic maps (the Poincar´e sections).

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34

Grimbleby, J. B. "Automatic analogue circuit synthesis using genetic algorithms." IEE Proceedings - Circuits, Devices and Systems 147, no. 6 (2000): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-cds:20000770.

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35

Ekosso, M. C., A. J. Fotue, S. C. Kenfack, H. Fotsin, and L. C. Fai. "The Electrical Analogue Computer of Microtubule’s Protofilament." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2020 (September 27, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4916202.

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Microtubules as essential biopolymers implicated into electrical intracellular transport open a lot of questions about their intrinsic character of dynamic instability. Both experimental and theoretical investigations are used to understand their behavior in order to mimic and build powerful and smart biomaterials. So, in this paper, by analytical and computational approaches, we proposed an electrical analogue computer of microtubule’s protofilament drawing from the partial differential equation which describes microtubule’s motion. Using the computing elements, namely, operational amplifiers, capacitors, and resistors, we designed analytically the bioelectronic circuit of the microtubule’s protofilament. To validate our model, Runge–Kutta code was used to solve the partial differential equation of MT’s motion on software Matlab, and then, the results obtained are used as a controller to fit and validate numerical results obtained by running the bioelectronic circuit on software PSpice. It is shown that the analogue circuit displayed spontaneous electrical activity consistent with self-sustained electrical oscillations. We found out that two behaviors were exhibited by the voltage generated from the electrical analogue computer of MT’s protofilament; amplification and damping behaviors are modulated by the values of the resistor of the summing operational amplifier. From our study, it is shown that low values of the resistor promote damping behavior while high values of the resistor promote an amplification behavior. So microtubule’s protofilament exhibits different spontaneous regimes leading to different oscillatory modes. This study put forward the possibility to build microtubule’s protofilament as a biotransistor.

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36

Happs, John, and Helen Mansfield. "RESEARCH INTO PRACTICE: Estimation and Mental-Imagery Models in Geometry." Arithmetic Teacher 40, no. 1 (September 1992): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/at.40.1.0044.

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Analogies are frequently used as mental models to introduce new concept in a number of subject area (Gentner and Gentner 1983). For instance, an electrical circuit can be likened to a water pipe so that students can visualize electricity as “flowing” through the wire in the electrical circuit.

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37

Edwards, C. "Analysis: Analogue circuits sqeeze chip design." Engineering & Technology 5, no. 8 (June 5, 2010): 14–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/et.2010.0800.

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38

VOS, ALEXIS DE, REGIEN DE BLEECKER, JOERI DE VOS, MICHEL DE MEY, and MICHIEL DE MUNNYNCK. "Analogue cMOS multiplier for neural circuits." International Journal of Electronics 73, no. 4 (October 1992): 729–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207219208925707.

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39

NONTHAPUTHA, Thanat. "CMOS Programmable PID Controller Circuit Based Analogue Switches." PRZEGLĄD ELEKTROTECHNICZNY 1, no. 7 (July 2, 2021): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15199/48.2021.07.07.

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40

Loeckx, J., T. Deman, T. McConaghy, and G. Gielen. "EMI-immune analogue circuit generated through genetic evolution." Electronics Letters 45, no. 4 (2009): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20092828.

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41

Justh, E. W., and F. J. Kub. "Analogue CMOS continuous-time tapped delay-line circuit." Electronics Letters 31, no. 21 (October 12, 1995): 1793–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19951285.

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42

Renovell, M., F. Azaïs, and Y. Bertrand. "On-chip signature analyser for analogue circuit testing." Electronics Letters 32, no. 24 (1996): 2185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19961511.

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43

Panovic, M., and A. Demosthenous. "Analogue motion estimation based upon a squaring circuit." International Journal of Electronics 93, no. 8 (August 2006): 543–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207210600711788.

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44

Yonezu, H., T. Himeno, K. Kanamori, K. Pak, and Y. Takano. "Optoelectronic synaptic connection circuit with variable analogue weights." Electronics Letters 26, no. 13 (1990): 910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19900595.

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45

Justh, E. W., and F. J. Kub. "Analogue CMOS high-frequency continuous wavelet transform circuit." Electronics Letters 35, no. 1 (1999): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19990077.

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46

Baek, K. ‐J, J. ‐M Gim, H. ‐S Kim, K. ‐Y Na, N. ‐S Kim, and Y. ‐S Kim. "Analogue circuit design methodology using self‐cascode structures." Electronics Letters 49, no. 9 (April 2013): 591–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2013.0554.

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47

Collier, C. G. "Modelling a river catchment using an electrical circuit analogue." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 2, no. 1 (March 31, 1998): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-2-9-1998.

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Abstract. An electrical circuit analogue of a river catchment is described from which is derived an hydrological model of river flow called the River Electrical Water Analogue Research and Development (REWARD) model. The model is based upon an analytic solution to the equation governing the flow of electricity in an inductance-capacitance-resistance (LCR) circuit. An interpretation of L, C and R in terms of catchment parameters and physical processes is proposed, and tested for the River Irwell catchment in northwest England. Hydrograph characteristics evaluated using the model are compared with observed hydrographs, confirming that the modelling approach does provide a reliable framework within which to investigate the impact of variations in model input data.

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48

Huang, Wei-Hsing, and Chin-Long Wey. "Diagnosability analysis of analogue circuits." International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications 26, no. 5 (September 1998): 439–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-007x(199809/10)26:5<439::aid-cta23>3.0.co;2-6.

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49

Stanculescu, Marilena, Mihai Iordache, Dragos Niculae Niculae, Lavinia Iordache, and Victor Bucata. "S Parameter Computation and Their Use for Electromagnetic Energy Wireless Transmission." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 15, no. 9 (June 22, 2016): 7097–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v15i9.654.

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This paper present the correct way of defining S parameters, based on linear electrical circuits, and the practical use of these parameters in obtaining efficient processes for transmitting the information and of the electromagnetic energy wireless transfer from emitter-receiver signal transmission point of view. Here are presented, also, two procedures for calculating these parameters, one based on modified nodal analyses, the second one based on state equations method. S parameters generation algorithm has the same structure for both computation procedures. The computation procedures for S parameters use the most advanced analogue circuit simulation programs, such as: Cadence, Advances Design System, Ansoft Extractor Q3D, Feko, ECAP, SYSEG etc. Finally, there are presented a few illustrative examples that certify the validity of the used computation procedures.

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Edwards, C. "Into the fast lane [analogue integrated circuits]." Engineering & Technology 3, no. 4 (March 8, 2008): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/et:20080408.

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