Relevant bibliographies by topics / Einstein static universe

Academic literature on the topic 'Einstein static universe'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Einstein static universe"

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Atazadeh, K., and F. Darabi. "Einstein static universe from GUP." Physics of the Dark Universe 16 (June 2017): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dark.2017.04.008.

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Atazadeh, K., Y. Heydarzade, and F. Darabi. "Einstein static universe in braneworld scenario." Physics Letters B 732 (May 2014): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2014.03.009.

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Darabi, F., Y. Heydarzade, and F. Hajkarim. "Stability of Einstein static universe over Lyra geometry." Canadian Journal of Physics 93, no. 12 (December 2015): 1566–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2015-0312.

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The existence and stability conditions of Einstein static universe against homogeneous scalar perturbations in the context of Lyra geometry is investigated. The stability condition is obtained in terms of the constant equation of state parameter ω = p/ρ depending on energy density ρ0 and scale factor a0 of the initial Einstein static universe. Also, the stability against vector and tensor perturbations is studied. It is shown that a stable Einstein static universe can be found in the context of Lyra geometry against scalar, vector, and tensor perturbations for suitable range and values of physical parameters.
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Sharif, M., and Sana Saleem. "Stability of anisotropic perturbed Einstein universe in f(R) gravity." Modern Physics Letters A 35, no. 18 (May 13, 2020): 2050152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732320501527.

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The aim of this paper is to investigate the existence of stable modes of the Einstein static universe in the background of [Formula: see text] theory. For this purpose, we take homogeneous anisotropic perturbations in scale factors as well as matter contents. We construct static and perturbed field equations that are further parameterized by linear equation of state parameter. We obtain the Einstein static solutions for two specific [Formula: see text] models and graphically analyze their stable regions. It is concluded that contrary to general relativity, there exists stable Einstein static universe with anisotropic perturbations.
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Atazadeh, K. "Stability of the Einstein static universe in Einstein-Cartan theory." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2014, no. 06 (June 10, 2014): 020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2014/06/020.

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Heydarzade, Y., and F. Darabi. "Induced matter brane gravity and Einstein static universe." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2015, no. 04 (April 20, 2015): 028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2015/04/028.

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Parisi, Luca, Marco Bruni, Roy Maartens, and Kevin Vandersloot. "The Einstein static universe in loop quantum cosmology." Classical and Quantum Gravity 24, no. 24 (November 27, 2007): 6243–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/24/24/007.

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Gergely, László Á., and Roy Maartens. "Brane-world generalizations of the Einstein static universe." Classical and Quantum Gravity 19, no. 2 (January 2, 2002): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/19/2/303.

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Barrow, John D., George F. R. Ellis, Roy Maartens, and Christos G. Tsagas. "On the stability of the Einstein static universe." Classical and Quantum Gravity 20, no. 11 (May 2, 2003): L155—L164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/20/11/102.

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Sharif, M., and Sana Saleem. "Stability of anisotropic perturbed Einstein universe in f(R,T) theory." Modern Physics Letters A 35, no. 27 (July 15, 2020): 2050222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732320502223.

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The aim of this paper is to investigate the stability of Einstein static cosmos using anisotropic homogeneous perturbations in the background of [Formula: see text] theory in which [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] express the Ricci scalar and trace of the stress–energy tensor, respectively. To accomplish this work, we consider perfect fluid distribution and adopt small anisotropic perturbations in the scale factors and matter contents. We develop static and perturbed field equations that are simplified by using equation of state parameter. For the specific models of [Formula: see text] theory with conserved and non-conserved stress–energy tensor, the Einstein solutions are explored and their stability regions are analyzed graphically. We conclude that the static Einstein stable universe with anisotropic perturbations exists in this framework contrary to general relativity.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Einstein static universe"

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Canonico, Rosangela. "Exact solutions in general relativity and alternative theories of gravity: mathematical and physical properties." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/181.

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2009 - 2010
In this thesis, we discuss several subjects connected with the framework of GR, in order to characterize astrophysical compact objects. The main purpose is to provide simple models describing gravitational fields generated by isolated compact bodies in stationary rotation with extremely simple internal structure, such as neutron stars. The main tools used for our analysis are exact solutions of Einstein fields equations, which have been approached in different ways. In particular, we use the formalism of junction conditions for finding new solutions of Einstein equations in presence of matter by matching metrics representing two shells of a compact body. With the same aim, we introduce the Newmann-Janis Algorithm, a solution generating technique which provides metrics of reduced symmetries from symmetric ones. Finally, an exact solution of Einstein's field equations, known as Einstein Static Universe is studied in the framework of Cosmology. Our purpose is to study the stability properties of this solution focusing on the intriguing possibility of finding static solutions in open cosmological models (k = -1). [edited by author]
IX n.s.
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Books on the topic "Einstein static universe"

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Deruelle, Nathalie, and Jean-Philippe Uzan. The Kerr solution. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786399.003.0048.

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This chapter covers the Kerr metric, which is an exact solution of the Einstein vacuum equations. The Kerr metric provides a good approximation of the spacetime near each of the many rotating black holes in the observable universe. This chapter shows that the Einstein equations are nonlinear. However, there exists a class of metrics which linearize them. It demonstrates the Kerr–Schild metrics, before arriving at the Kerr solution in the Kerr–Schild metrics. Since the Kerr solution is stationary and axially symmetric, this chapter shows that the geodesic equation possesses two first integrals. Finally, the chapter turns to the Kerr black hole, as well as its curvature singularity, horizons, static limit, and maximal extension.
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Deruelle, Nathalie, and Jean-Philippe Uzan. Friedmann–Lemaître spacetimes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786399.003.0058.

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This chapter discusses the laws governing the evolution of the scale factor as well as Hubble’s law, which is historically the first observational signature of cosmic expansion. Hubble’s law relates two measurable quantities, the redshift and the luminosity distance of a galaxy. The chapter also introduces the Weyl postulate (1923), which stipulates that the ‘cosmological fluid’ consisting of galaxies, quasars, and so on, visible or invisible, follows such geodesics. It then presents the Friedmann–Lemaître equations. Finally, the chapter discusses the first models of the universe, from 1917–60: the static Einstein model and the de Sitter and steady state models.
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Silberstein, Michael, W. M. Stuckey, and Timothy McDevitt. Resolving Puzzles, Problems, and Paradoxes from General Relativity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807087.003.0004.

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The main thread of chapter 3 introduces general relativity (GR), Big Bang cosmology, and closed timelike curves, showing how the ant’s-eye view leads to the puzzle of the creation of the universe, the horizon problem, the flatness problem, the low entropy problem, and the paradoxes of closed time-like curves. All these puzzles, problems, and paradoxes of the dynamical universe are resolved using the God’s-eye view of the adynamical block universe. Accordingly, Einstein’s equations of GR are not understood dynamically, but rather adynamically, that is, as a global self-consistency constraint between the spacetime metric and stress–energy tensor throughout the spacetime manifold. This is “spatiotemporal ontological contextuality” as applied to GR. The philosophical nuances such as the status of the block universe argument in GR and debates about the Past Hypothesis have been placed in Philosophy of Physics for Chapter 3. The associated formalism and computations are in Foundational Physics for Chapter 3.
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Blundell, Katherine. 3. Characterizing black holes. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199602667.003.0003.

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‘Characterizing black holes’ describes the two different types of black holes: Schwarzschild black holes that do not rotate and Kerr black holes that do. The only distinguishing characteristics of black holes are their mass and their spin. A remarkable feature of a spinning black hole is that the gravitational field pulls objects around the black hole’s axis of rotation, not merely in towards its centre—an effect called frame dragging. The static limit and ergosphere regions of black holes are also described. Einstein’s equations of General Relativity allow many different solutions describing alternative versions of curved spacetime. Could white holes and worm holes exist in our universe?
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Kragh, Helge. Physics and Cosmology. Edited by Jed Z. Buchwald and Robert Fox. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199696253.013.30.

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This article considers the role of physics in transforming cosmology into a research field which relies heavily on fundamental physical knowledge. It begins with an overview of astrophysics and the state of physical cosmology prior to the introduction of relativity, followed by a discussion of Albert Einstein’s application of his new theory of gravitation to cosmology. It then examines the development of a theory about the possibility of an expanding universe, citing the work of such scientists as Edwin Hubble, Alexander Friedmann, Georges Lemaître, and George Gamow; the emergence of the field of nuclear archaeology to account for the origins of the early universe; and the controversy sparked by the steady-state theory. It also describes the discovery of a cosmic microwave background of the kind that Alpher and Herman had predicted in 1948 before concluding with a review of modern cosmological hypotheses such as the idea of ‘multiverse’.
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Kenyon, Ian R. Quantum 20/20. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808350.001.0001.

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This text reviews fundametals and incorporates key themes of quantum physics. One theme contrasts boson condensation and fermion exclusivity. Bose–Einstein condensation is basic to superconductivity, superfluidity and gaseous BEC. Fermion exclusivity leads to compact stars and to atomic structure, and thence to the band structure of metals and semiconductors with applications in material science, modern optics and electronics. A second theme is that a wavefunction at a point, and in particular its phase is unique (ignoring a global phase change). If there are symmetries, conservation laws follow and quantum states which are eigenfunctions of the conserved quantities. By contrast with no particular symmetry topological effects occur such as the Bohm–Aharonov effect: also stable vortex formation in superfluids, superconductors and BEC, all these having quantized circulation of some sort. The quantum Hall effect and quantum spin Hall effect are ab initio topological. A third theme is entanglement: a feature that distinguishes the quantum world from the classical world. This property led Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen to the view that quantum mechanics is an incomplete physical theory. Bell proposed the way that any underlying local hidden variable theory could be, and was experimentally rejected. Powerful tools in quantum optics, including near-term secure communications, rely on entanglement. It was exploited in the the measurement of CP violation in the decay of beauty mesons. A fourth theme is the limitations on measurement precision set by quantum mechanics. These can be circumvented by quantum non-demolition techniques and by squeezing phase space so that the uncertainty is moved to a variable conjugate to that being measured. The boundaries of precision are explored in the measurement of g-2 for the electron, and in the detection of gravitational waves by LIGO; the latter achievement has opened a new window on the Universe. The fifth and last theme is quantum field theory. This is based on local conservation of charges. It reaches its most impressive form in the quantum gauge theories of the strong, electromagnetic and weak interactions, culminating in the discovery of the Higgs. Where particle physics has particles condensed matter has a galaxy of pseudoparticles that exist only in matter and are always in some sense special to particular states of matter. Emergent phenomena in matter are successfully modelled and analysed using quasiparticles and quantum theory. Lessons learned in that way on spontaneous symmetry breaking in superconductivity were the key to constructing a consistent quantum gauge theory of electroweak processes in particle physics.
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Book chapters on the topic "Einstein static universe"

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Parisi, Luca, Ninfa Radicella, and Gaetano Vilasi. "Stability of the Einstein Static Universe in Massive Gravity." In Progress in Mathematical Relativity, Gravitation and Cosmology, 355–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40157-2_52.

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Kousar, Rehana. "The Whole Theory of this Universe- A Step Forward to Einstein Part-2nd Static Universe." In New Trends in Physical Science Research Vol. 3, 122–26. Book Publisher International (a part of SCIENCEDOMAIN International), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ntpsr/v3/2269b.

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Satz, Helmut. "The Energy of Space." In More than the Sum of the Parts, 47–58. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192864178.003.0006.

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Abstract We discuss the effect of the Big Bang as origin of the universe on the concept of energy conservation. In particular, it leads to a non-static universe, an effect which Einstein had tried to avoid by the introduction of the cosmological constant. The advent of Hubble’s law confirmed an expansion of the universe, and the subsequent observation of continued acceleration led to the introduction of the idea of dark energy. In this context, the idea of a universe emerging from nothing was introduced.
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d’Inverno, Ray, and James Vickers. "The classical cosmological models." In Introducing Einstein's Relativity, 511–38. 2nd ed. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862024.003.0025.

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Abstract Chapter 25 mostly discusses the mathematical features of the classical FRW cosmological models (where FRW stands for Friedmann–Robertson–Walker) that one obtains by solving the Friedmann equation. It looks at how these relate to the observational evidence as well as considering some more sophisticated models in the next chapter. It also provides a more complete analysis of the various Friedmann models. These include Einstein static space, de Sitter space, and anti-de Sitter space. The early epochs of the universe and the historically significant steady-state theory are next discussed. The conformal structure of these solutions is examined and the Penrose diagrams constructed. This shows that a number of solutions have particle horizons and/or event horizons, which means that only a portion of the space-time can be seen by any observer.
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d’Inverno, Ray, and James Vickers. "Modern cosmology." In Introducing Einstein's Relativity, 539–72. 2nd ed. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862024.003.0026.

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Abstract Chapter 26 introduces ‘modern cosmology’, in which one considers general multicomponent Friedmann-type models described in terms of four parameters. While the previous chapter looked at the Friedmann equation under radiation-dominated, matter-dominated, or vacuum-dominated conditions, this chapter examines situations which allow for all three conditions and relates the theoretical predictions to observational parameters. This leads to the ‘standard cosmological model’ of a flat space-time containing both conventional and dark matter and in which the expansion of the universe is driven by a cosmological constant. Other topics discussed are the cosmic microwave background radiation, the possible origin of the cosmological constant, dark energy, the theory of inflation, and the anthropic principle, which essentially states we see the universe the way it is because we exist. It ends with a review of the main results in the book, and some philosophical musings on the nature of the universe.
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Frajuca, Carlos. "Interferometric Gravitational Wave Detectors." In Optical Interferometry - A Multidisciplinary Technique in Science and Engineering [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106417.

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The existence of gravitational waves is an important proof of Einstein’s theory of general relativity and took 100 years to be achieved using optical interferometry. This work describes how such a detector works and how it can change the way of seeing the Universe. Kilometers size laser interferometers are being built around the world in the way to make gravitational astronomy; detectors already built in the United States, Italy, and Japan will join efforts with detectors built in Japan and India and provide humanity with the means to see gravitational interactions of black holes and neutron star. Interactions, without these detectors, will be forever out of our sight.
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de Moor, Mieke. "Χρόνος in the Biological Works of Aristotle." In Proceedings of the XXIII World Congress of Philosophy, 221–25. Philosophy Documentation Center, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/wcp232018221310.

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In this paper, I would like to consider Aristotle’s concept of time by examining his use of the word χρόνος in the biological works. I defend the thesis that for Aristotle, χρόνος is first and foremost a local biological and physical reality and not a universal mathematical structure. That is to say that in the biological works χρόνος refers to the time of specific movements and functions or biological activities: for example the time of mating, the period of gestation, generation, the periods of celestial movements etc. I will argue that this becomes clear as we examine the semantics of the word χρόνος in his biological works, and especially in the more descriptive works such as History of animals. The larger aim of my paper is to provide elements that shed a new light on Aristotle’s “theory of time” in his Physics (IV, 10-14). I will argue that for Aristotle time is a relative and that, although he states that we can’t attribute velocity to time, his conception is in this respect much more akin to the theory of Einstein than to the conception of Newton. So, I construct and evaluate arguments to sustain the Aristotelian notion of χρόνος as ‘local time’. This important aspect of his theory of time has until now largely been overlooked.
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Dasgupta, Subrata. "A Paradigm Is Born." In It Began with Babbage. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199309412.003.0012.

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In the ENIAC story so far, John von Neumann has had a fleeting presence. We saw that the BRL formed a high-powered scientific advisory committee at the start of World War II, well before the United States entered the war. von Neumann was a member of this committee and it is unlikely that anyone in the committee was as influential in the American scientific world or, for that matter, in the corridors of power in Washington, DC, than him. By the beginning of the 1940s, von Neumann had a massive reputation in the mathematical universe. His contributions spanned many regions of pure and applied mathematics, mathematical physics, even formal logic. He was one of the six mathematicians originally appointed as professors at the Institute of Advanced Study, Princeton, when it was founded in 1933—another was Einstein. In 1944, von Neumann and economist Oskar Morgenstern (1902–1977) published a book titled The Theory of Games and Economic Behavior, thus founding and establishing for posterity the scientific discipline known as game theory. Herman Goldstine, who came to know von Neumann very well—first through their involvement with the BRL and then, after the war, at the Institute of Advanced Study, where Goldstine went to work with von Neumann on what came to be called the IAS computer project —wrote vividly about von Neumann’s intellectual persona, of his ever-ready receptiveness to new ideas, his responsiveness to new intellectual challenges, his mental restlessness when between projects, and the single-mindedness with which he pursued an idea that captured his attention. Oddly enough, despite his involvement with the BRL, he was apparently unaware of the ENIAC project until a chance meeting with Goldstine in a railway station in Aberdeen, Maryland. Goldstine recalls how the entire tone and tenor of their first conversation, initially casual and relaxed, changed when von Neumann realized that Goldstine was involved with the development of a high-speed electronic computer. There after, Goldstine writes, he felt as he was being grilled in a doctoral oral examination. Thus began their association, a relationship that only ended with von Neumann’s death from cancer in 1957.
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Conference papers on the topic "Einstein static universe"

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BÖHMER, C. G., L. HOLLENSTEIN, F. S. N. LOBO, and S. S. SEAHRA. "STABILITY OF THE EINSTEIN STATIC UNIVERSE IN MODIFIED THEORIES OF GRAVITY." In Proceedings of the MG12 Meeting on General Relativity. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814374552_0379.

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Salehi, Shahram, Swee-Ping Chia, Kurunathan Ratnavelu, and Muhamad Rasat Muhamad. "On the Concept of Local Net of Algebras in Einstein Static Universe." In FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS: 3rd International Meeting. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3192274.

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Alfonso-Faus. "Mass Boom Versus Big Bang: Was Einstein Right in His Static Model for the Universe?" In FRONTIERS OF FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS: Eighth International Symposium FFP8. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2737023.

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Reports on the topic "Einstein static universe"

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Parisi, Luca. Modified Cosmological Equations and the Einstein Static Universe. GIQ, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/giq-12-2011-290-304.

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Parisi, Luca. Modified Cosmological Equations and the Einstein Static Universe. Journal of Geometry and Symmetry in Physics, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/jgsp-22-2011-51-65.

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Parisi, Luca. Dynamical Systems Techniques in Cosmology. An example: LQC and the Einstein Static Universe. GIQ, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/giq-10-2009-211-226.

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Parisi, Luca. Dynamical Systems Techniques in Cosmology. An example: LQC and the Einstein Static Universe. Journal of Geometry and Symmetry in Physics, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/jgsp-14-2009-67-83.

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