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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Eicosapentaenoic acid

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Academic literature on the topic 'Eicosapentaenoic acid'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Eicosapentaenoic acid"

1

Kumar, Nagi B., and Kyle Dalton. "Eicosapentaenoic Acid." Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine 1, no. 3 (2004): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/01197065-200401030-00006.

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Akos, Kiss. "EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID." Lancet 329, no. 8541 (May 1987): 1083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(87)90502-2.

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3

Coles, Sara, and Richard A. Krasuski. "Eicosapentaenoic acid." Current Opinion in Lipidology 30, no. 3 (June 2019): 258–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mol.0000000000000592.

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4

&NA;. "Docosahexaenoic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 740 (February 1999): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-199907400-00016.

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&NA;. "Eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 817 (September 2000): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200008170-00015.

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6

Ranheim, T., A. Gedde-Dahl, A. C. Rustan, and C. A. Drevon. "Effect of chronic incubation of CaCo-2 cells with eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5, n-3) and oleic acid (18:1, n-9) on triacylglycerol production." Biochemical Journal 303, no. 1 (October 1, 1994): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3030155.

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CaCo-2 monolayers, cultured for 1 week after reaching confluence, were incubated with micellar solutions of fatty acids for up to 7 days. These conditioned cells were incubated acutely (5 h) with eicosapentaenoic acid and oleic acid, and the levels of cell-associated and secreted triacylglycerol were determined. With acute addition of oleic acid, both cell-associated and secreted triacylglycerol were decreased in cells chronically exposed to eicosapentaenoic acid. This effect was observed after as little as 2 days of chronic incubation with eicosapentaenoic acid. A further decrease was found when these cells were incubated acutely with eicosapentaenoic acid, regardless of which radioisotopes were used to label precursors in the incubation media. The secretion of both labelled and total triacylglycerol and apolipoprotein B was reduced approximately 50% in cells incubated chronically with eicosapentaenoic acid. The amounts of triacylglycerol and apolipoprotein B within the cells were not decreased by chronic exposure to eicosapentaenoic acid. Our data indicate that CaCo-2 cells chronically incubated with eicosapentaenoic acid secrete significantly less triacylglycerol than cells incubated chronically with oleic acid. When eicosapentaenoic acid was also included acutely, triacylglycerol secretion was reduced even more. We conclude that chronic exposure of eicosapentaenoic acid to this intestinal cell type reduces the rate of chylomicron secretion and may help explain the decreased postprandial lipaemia observed in humans taking fish oil supplements.

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Shirai, Nobuya. "Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexsaenoic Acid." Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kaishi 60, no. 10 (2013): 614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3136/nskkk.60.614.

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8

Katan, MartijnB, and Peter Van De Bovenkamp. "EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID IN FAT." Lancet 329, no. 8537 (April 1987): 862–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(87)91641-2.

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9

Sinclair, Hugh, and Mary Gale. "EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID IN FAT." Lancet 329, no. 8543 (May 1987): 1202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(87)92168-4.

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10

Goto, Y., H. Tamachi, and E. H. Moriguchi. "Eicosapentaenoic acid and atherosclerosis." Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids 48, no. 5 (May 1993): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0952-3278(93)90112-a.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Eicosapentaenoic acid"

1

Levy, Milne Ryna. "Differential metabolism of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ56664.pdf.

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Price, Sarah A. "The role of eicosapentaenoic acid in cancer cachexia." Thesis, Aston University, 1997. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10968/.

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Cachexia is a wasting syndrome often associated with malignancy, characterised by alterations in host metabolism and significant catabolism of host adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. The MAC16 murine adenocarcinoma is profoundly cachexigenic, inducing host weight-loss at relatively small tumour burden without the induction of anorexia. A 4DkDa factor capable of inducing lipolysis in vitro via an activation of adenylate cyclase (AC) has been isolated from the MAC16 tumour, and the urine of cachectic cancer patients, using a series of ion exchange and gel exclusion chromatography procedures. This lipid-mobilising factor (LMF) has been demonstrated to stimulate lipolysis in adipocytes dose-dependently via a signal transduction pathway involving, possibly, β3-adrenoceptors. Oral administration of the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) attenuated the progression of cachexia, but not the production of LMF, in MAC16 tumour-bearing mice, and was significantly incorporated into plasma phospholipids, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. EPA supplemented cancer patients also demonstrated significantly increased plasma EPA concentrations. Decreased plasma membrane AC activity in response to LMF was observed in adipocytes isolated from mice receiving EPA. Incubation in vitro of adipocytes, or plasma membranes, with PUFAs significantly altered membrane fatty acid composition and attenuated the induction of both lipolysis, and AC activity, by LMF. The inhibitory actions of EPA, but not docosahexaenoic acid, are probably the consequence of an interaction with guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G-proteins). Progression of the cachectic state induced an up-regulation of adipocyte membrane expression of stimulatory G-proteins, allied with a concomitant down-regulation of inhibitory G-proteins, thus facilitating the catabolic actions of LMF, implying some tumour-mediated effect. A reversal of such alterations was observed upon oral administration of EPA, suggesting that the primary mechanism of action of this fatty acid is an inhibition of the end organ effects of LMF.

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Gu, Wenjia. "Scaling up photoautotrophic production of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) using microalgae." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/30065.

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Food insecurity is one of the major challenges that the world faces today. Improving food security is about not only ending hunger but also ensuring easy, affordable access to nutritious, healthy food for all people. The importance of adequate consumption of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is well recognized. EPA and DHA are essential omega-3 fatty acids that must obtained from the diet. Producing sufficient amounts of EPA and DHA to meet the global demand from their conventional sources – fish – is becoming increasingly challenging due to population growth and overfishing. To bridge the supply gap of EPA and DHA via sustainable means, the idea of sourcing these nutrients directly from their natural primary producers – microalgae – has emerged. The overarching aim of this thesis was to develop a scalable bioprocess that used photoautotrophic microalgae to produce EPA. Such a strategy would offer the advantages of not requiring arable land or potable water, thus would avoid competition with existing food production techniques for these resources. Currently, commercial production of microalgal EPA is hindered by the process economics. One of the major hurdles is the difficulties of growing EPA-producing microalgae efficiently at large scales, hence the development of scalable, cost-effective production processes is needed. In this research, three broad avenues were taken: (1) identification of suitable strains, (2) optimization of the process operation and (3) optimization of the bioreactor design. Microorganisms used for industrial applications need to have certain characteristics. A key metric is high product accumulation under realistic settings, others include robust growth and consistent performance in industrial systems as well as tolerance to changes in the growth conditions. Systematic evaluations using these industrial metrics have not been done for screening EPA-producing microalgae. To address this gap, a screening procedure was conducted to quantify the EPA productivity for a range of microalgae in both 300 mL flask and 5 L flat-panel photobioreactor cultures. It was found that results from the flask screening offered poor predictions of performance in photobioreactors, suggesting a need for improved screening tools, such as scale-down simulators, for selecting industrial microalgal species. In the photobioreactor cultures Phaeodactylum tricornutum displayed the highest EPA productivity, which was approximately an order of magnitude higher than those of the other species tested. The results demonstrated the potential of P. tricornutum for large scale production of EPA. To further evaluate the suitability of P. tricornutum for scaled-up production, the effects of two key environmental factors, temperature and salinity, on the EPA production of P. tricornutum were examined in photobioreactors. It was found that P. tricornutum could tolerate relatively wide ranges of temperature (13-27 °C) and salinity (35-50 g L-1); within these ranges its EPA content was approximately constant at 5% of the dry biomass weight. These results illustrate the robustness of P. tricornutum which is an obvious advantage from the perspective of industrial production. A comprehensive nutritional analysis was also performed for the biomass of P. tricornutum. In addition to being a good source of EPA, P. tricornutum biomass was also rich in protein (45% of dry weight), iron and vitamin B12. The nutritional information here could serve as a starting point for the formulation of P. tricornutum into food products. With P. tricornutum being identified as a suitable species, improving the EPA productivity was the next step in the process development. The use of reliable computational models could greatly facilitate the identification of optimal operating strategies, with fewer laborious, time-consuming experiments required. This research demonstrated the development of a model for the EPA production of P. tricornutum, which was the first to predict the biomass and EPA productivities along with the EPA concentrations in the biomass and fatty acid fraction for microalgae. The model was built on a kinetic modelling framework where the system behaviour was simulated using a set of ordinary differential equations, with the integrated effect of light and nitrogen availability being accounted for. This mathematically simple model was able to produce satisfactory predictions for different reactor geometries and scales (5 L flat-panel and 50 L cylindrical reactors), light path lengths (5 cm and 19 cm) as well as operating modes (batch and repeated-batch), with the model-data mismatches being typically less than 20%. Using this model, an optimized repeated-batch strategy was developed. Implementation of this strategy over four repeated cycles led to 50% and 20% increases in the biomass and EPA productivities, respectively. The results demonstrated the usefulness of this model as a tool in the scale-up, design and optimization of microalgal EPA production. Another avenue for improving process productivity is developing better reactor designs. A major challenge in improving the performance of photoautotrophic cultures is delivering light into high-cell-density cultures. Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) with Lagrangian particle tracking, this work examined means of improving the frequency at which the microalgal cells were transported between the light and dark zones, something that was recognized as a way for improving light delivery but has not been sufficiently evaluated under industrially relevant conditions. Different superficial gas velocities (0.6-6.0 cm s-1), reactor diameters (0.14-0.29 m), internal structure designs (split-cylinder airlift, segmental baffles, disc-and-doughnut baffles) and sparger configurations (asymmetrical and oscillatory spargers) were investigated for their effect on the hydrodynamics in 50 L bubble column photobioreactors. It was found that the frequency increased linearly with the superficial gas velocities but did not vary appreciably with the reactor diameter within the tested range. The frequency could be increased by 160% and 50% by the installation of segmental baffles and disc-and-doughnut baffles, respectively; In comparison, using the alternative sparger configurations had smaller effect (within ±30%) on the frequency. The work also developed a modelling approach that predicted the biomass accumulation of P. tricornutum using the simulation results from Lagrangian particle tracking. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this was the first method that could predict the effect of different reactor designs and operating conditions (e.g. superficial gas velocity on algal biomass growth). The model simulation results, together with the reactor hydrodynamics simulated by CFD, could be used to guide the design of more light-efficient photobioreactors. In summary, this thesis presented research in three directions of the development and optimization of a scalable process for producing EPA using photoautotrophic microalgae. Substantial, novel experimental data about the EPA productivity under industrially relevant conditions was generated for a range of species. For the first time a modelling approach was developed which provided accurate predictions of the biomass, EPA and total fatty acid concentrations. This model was found to work for a range of reactor designs, scales and operating conditions, and the approach developed here could be readily applied to other microalgal processes. Finally, the kinetic model was coupled with the results from CFD simulations to develop a novel modelling tool that can be used for the in-silico design of improved photobioreactor designs. Taken together the results from this work are a substantial step towards addressing the challenges in scaling-up microalgal EPA production. Successful scale-up of microalgae EPA production is key in ensuring people have a sustainable, affordable source of EPA.

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Leigh-Firbank, Elizabeth C. "The beneficial and adverse effects of increasing N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) intake on coronary heart disease (CHD) biomarkers." Thesis, University of Reading, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269723.

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5

Abekura, Yu. "Eicosapentaenoic acid prevents the progression of intracranial aneurysms in rats." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/259723.

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Whitehouse, Alison Sarah. "Muscle catabolism in cancer and its attenuation by eicosapentaenoic acid." Thesis, Aston University, 2001. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10945/.

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This work examines skeletal muscle catabolism in cancer and its attenuation by Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA). In vivo studies in mice bearing a cachexia inducing murine colon adenocarcinoma - MAC16, demonstrated an elevation in the gastrocnemius muscle in the activity and expression of regulatory components of the ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic pathway. This was accompanied by an accelerated loss of muscle tissue correlating with an increase in overall weight loss, all of which were attenuated by prior daily dosing with EPA. Recently a proteolysis inducing factor (PIF) has been isolated from the MAC16 tumour, and from the serum and urine of cachectic cancer patients. Previous studies have shown that PIF induces protein degradation in vitro, and that this is possibly mediated through 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE), a metabolite of the n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid- arachidonate. Employing the murine myoblast cell line C2C12, it was shown that both PIF and 15-HETE increased protein degradation and expression of proteasome subunits, processes which were again attenuated by prior incubation in EPA. Similarly, in NMRI mice which had been fasted for 24hours, EPA and the lipoxygenase inhibitor CV-6504 (but not structurally related fatty acids) inhibited skeletal muscle proteolysis and expression of various proteasome subunits, showing that firstly, EPA may be anti-cachexic partly through its ability to influence 15-HETE production; and secondly that the effect is specific for EPA as other fatty acids had no effect. Previous studies have suggested the involvement of the signal transduction family NFKB in response to PIF in the liver. It has been demonstrated here that both PIF and 15-HETE increased nuclear translocation of NFKB in the skeletal muscle of tumour bearing mice and that EPA inhibited this process by its ability to prevent the degradation of the NFKB inhibitor protein IKB. When an NFKB inhibitor was added to C2C12 myotubes, prior to the addition of PIF, proteasome activity and protein degradation was inhibited, showing that NFKB is responsible for the increased proteasome activity and muscle catabolism induced by PIF. Taken together this work suggests that 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid is the intracellular mediator for PIF induced protein degradation in skeletal muscle and that elevated muscle catabolism is accomplished through an increased functioning of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, a process possibly mediated through an NFKB dependent mechanism. The anticachectic (and possibly the anti-tumourigenic) effects of EPA appear to be achieved in part by its ability to inhibit the degradation of IKB and possibly by its ability to interfere with 15-HETE production.

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Jacobs, Annali. "The production of the highly unsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid by fungal solid state fermentation." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4500.

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Thesis (MSc (Microbiology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Long chain omega-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are essential for the regulation of critical biological functions in humans and other mammals. Fish oil as the main dietary source of EPA holds several disadvantages and alternative sources and production processes such as microbial fermentation are increasingly being investigated. Therefore the aim of the first part of this study was to evaluate brewers’ spent grain (BSG) as substrate for the production of EPA by solid state fermentation with 29 fungal strains representing different Mortierella species. The effect of a 10% (w/w) linseed oil (LSO) supplement on EPA production was also studied. Consequently, fungal inoculated BSG was incubated at 22oC for three days to obtain optimal fungal growth, before the incubation temperature was lowered to 16oC for the following eight days. Cultures were then harvested and dried, followed by lipid extraction and analyses using gas chromatography. All the strains were found to produce EPA on BSG, while addition of the LSO improved the EPA yield of most strains. The strains which produced the highest levels of EPA on BSG supplemented with LSO were Mortierella antarctica Mo 67 and Mortierella epicladia Mo 101, which respectively produced 2.8 mg and 2.5 mg EPA per g of BSG. During the second part of the study eight Mortierella strains were used to study EPA production via solid state fermentation of sunflower press cake (SPC). Similar culture conditions and analytical methods were used as in the first part of the study. The effect of supplementing the SPC substrate with 10% (w/w) LSO was studied with regard to the supplement’s impact on EPA production and on the highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) profile of the fermented substrate. Addition of LSO improved EPA yield of most strains on SPC, leading to a reduction in the average arachidonic acid (ARA):EPA ratio from 50.68 to 3.66. The ratio of HUFA to saturated and monoenoic fatty acids, was increased significantly (t=5.75, p=0.05) by the addition of LSO, with higher desaturation levels among the 20-carbon fatty acids. Addition of LSO also had a positive effect (r = 0.9291, p = 0.001) on the relative amount of long chain fatty acids (C≥20) produced. The strains which produced the highest levels of EPA on SPC supplemented with LSO were Mortierella alpina Mo 46 and Mortierella basiparvispora Mo 88, which produced 6.4 mg and 5.8 mg EPA per g of sunflower press cake, respectively. Fungi belonging to the genus Mortierella successfully converted LSO supplemented agro-processing wastes, such as BSG and SPC, to materials containing EPA, thereby adding value to these substrates. These EPA-enriched waste substrates could eventually find applications as animal or fish feed or as a source of EPA and other HUFA for the growing omega-3 market in the neutraceutical and therapeutics industry.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Langketting omega-3 vetsure soos eikosapentaenoë suur (EPS) is noodsaaklik vir die regulasie van kritiese biologiese funksies in mense en ander soogdiere. Visolie, die mees belangrike EPS-bron in die dieet, hou verskeie nadele in en alternatiewe bronne sowel as produksie-prosesse, soos mikrobiologiese fermentasie, word dus toenemend ondersoek. Die doel van die eerste gedeelte van hierdie studie was dus om gebruikte brouersgraan (GBG) te ëvalueer as ‘n substraat vir die produksie van EPS deur soliede staat fermentasie met 29 fungus isolate wat verskillende Mortierella spesies verteenwoordig. Die uitwerking van byvoeging van 10% (m/m) lynsaadolie (LSO) op EPS-produksie is ook bepaal. Gevolglik is fungus-geïnokuleerde GBG vir drie dae by 22oC geïnkubeer om optimale fungusgroei te verkry, waarna die inkubasie temperatuur verlaag is na 16oC vir die volgende agt dae. Kulture is hierna ge-oes en gedroog, gevolg deur lipied ekstraksie en analise met behulp van gaschromatografie. Al die isolate het EPS geproduseer op die GBG substraat, terwyl byvoeging van LSO die EPS-opbrengs van die meeste isolate verbeter het. Die isolate wat die hoogste vlakke van EPS op GBG wat met LSO verryk is, geproduseer het, was Mortierella antarctica Mo 67 en Mortierella epicladia Mo 101, wat onderskeidelik 2.8 mg en 2.5 mg EPS per g GBG geproduseer het. Tydens die tweede gedeelte van die studie is agt Mortierella isolate gebruik om die produksie van EPS deur soliede staat fermentasie van sonneblom perskoek (SPK) te ondersoek. Kultuurtoestande en analitiese metodes soortgelyk aan die eerste gedeelte van die studie is gebruik. Die uitwerking van byvoeging van 10% LSO tot die SPK substraat is ondersoek met betrekking tot die impak van die byvoeging op EPS produksie asook op die profiel van hoogs onversadigde vetsure (HOVS) van die gefermenteerde substraat. Die byvoeging van LSO tot SPK het die EPS opbrengs van meeste isolate verbeter en het tot ‘n verlaging in die gemiddelde arachidoonsuur (ARS):EPS verhouding vanaf 50.69 tot 3.66 gelei. Die verhouding van HOVS tot versadigde en mono-onversadigde vetsure, is betekenisvol (t=5.75, p=0.05) verhoog deur die byvoeging van LSO, met hoër vlakke van onversadigheid onder die 20-koolstof vetsure. Byvoeging van LSO het ook ‘n positiewe uitwerking (r = 0.9291, p = 0.001) op die relatiewe aantal langketting vetsure (C≥20) gehad. Die isolate wat die hoogste vlakke van EPS geproduseer het op LSO-verrykte SPK, was Mortierella alpina Mo 46 en Mortierella basiparvispora Mo 88, wat onderskeidelik 6.4 mg en 5.8 mg EPS per g SPK geproduseer het. Fungi wat aan die genus Mortierella behoort, het LSO-verrykte agroprosesserings afvalprodukte, soos GBG en SPK, suksesvol omgeskakel na materiale wat EPS bevat, en sodoende waarde toegevoeg aan hierdie substrate. Die EPS-verrykte afvalsubstrate kan uiteindelik toepassings vind as diere- of visvoer of as bron van EPS of ander HOVS vir die groeiende omega-3 mark in die neutraseutiese en terapeutiese industrie.

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Tokunaga, Tomohisa. "Synthesis and application of ω-ethynyl fatty acids to analyze the physiological functions of eicosapentaenoic acid." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232362.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第21161号
農博第2287号
新制||農||1060(附属図書館)
学位論文||H30||N5135(農学部図書室)
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生命科学専攻
(主査)教授栗原達夫, 教授小川順, 教授阪井康能
学位規則第4条第1項該当

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Sato, Sho. "Chemical studies on physiological roles of eicosapentaenoic acid in bacterial membrane." Kyoto University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/157709.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第16918号
農博第1934号
新制||農||1000(附属図書館)
学位論文||H24||N4679(農学部図書室)
29593
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生命科学専攻
(主査)教授栗原達夫, 教授小川順, 教授平竹潤
学位規則第4条第1項該当

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Wächter, Simon Fabian [Verfasser]. "Effects of omega-3 fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid and their metabolites in acute inflammation / Simon Fabian Wächter." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/103038133X/34.

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Books on the topic "Eicosapentaenoic acid"

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Eicosapentaenoic Acid: Sources, Health Effects and Role in Disease Prevention. Nova Science Pub Inc, 2012.

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The Natural Way to Beat Depression. Coronet Books, 2005.

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(Foreword), Sir Graham Hills, ed. The Natural Way to Beat Depression. Hodder Mobius, 2004.

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Torchia, Joseph. The effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on hypertension and prostanoid synthesis and release in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Eicosapentaenoic acid"

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Eicosapentaenoic Acid." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 178. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_3501.

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Puri, Basant K. "Treatment of Huntington’s Disease With Eicosapentaenoic Acid." In Nutrients, Stress, and Medical Disorders, 279–86. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-952-4:279.

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Takada, Hideho, Toshiyuki Minoura, Toshiyuki Takata, Michitomo Sakaguchi, Kazuhiko Yoshioka, Manabu Yamamura, Koshiro Hioki, and Masakatsu Yamamoto. "Inhibitory Effect of Eicosapentaenoic Acid on Colon Carcinogenesis." In Hereditary Colorectal Cancer, 249–56. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68337-7_37.

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Chen, Isabel S., Satchithanandam Subramanian, Marie M. Cassidy, George V. Vahouny, and Alan J. Sheppard. "The Absorbability of Free and Esterified Eicosapentaenoic Acid." In Cardiovascular Disease, 463–81. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5296-9_51.

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Desbois, Andrew P. "Antimicrobial Properties of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (C20:5n−3)." In Marine Microbiology, 351–67. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527665259.ch20.

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Borch-Jensen, Christina, Ole Henriksen, and Jørgen Mollerup. "Supercritical Recovery of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid from Fish Oil." In ACS Symposium Series, 90–100. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1997-0670.ch007.

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Spur, Bernd W., Crawford Jacques, Attilio E. Crea, and Tak H. Lee. "Lipoxins of the 5-Series Derived from Eicosapentaenoic Acid." In Lipoxins, 147–54. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0937-7_12.

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Winkelmann, J. "Diffusion of cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid (1); carbon dioxide (2)." In Gases in Gases, Liquids and their Mixtures, 1777–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-49718-9_1347.

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Yoshii, H., T. Furuta, A. Yasunishi, Y. Y. Linko, and P. Linko. "Oxidation Stability of Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acid Included in Cyclodextrins." In Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Cyclodextrins, 579–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5448-2_126.

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Puri, Basant K., and Jonathan P. Stannard. "The Essentiality of Eicosapentaenoic Acid in Breast Milk During Human Lactation." In Wild-Type Food in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, 115–20. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-330-1_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Eicosapentaenoic acid"

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Steinhart, H., A. Müller, and W. Richter. "Docosahexaenoic and Eicosapentaenoic Acid as Functional Food Ingredients." In 13th World Congress of Food Science & Technology. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/iufost:20060582.

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Inoue-Yamauchi, Akane, Hiroko Itagaki, and Hideaki Oda. "Abstract 248: Eicosapentaenoic acid attenuates obesity-related hepatocellular carcinogenesis." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2017; April 1-5, 2017; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-248.

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Metherel, Adam. "Dietary Alpha-linolenic Acid Is Necessary for the Increase in Eicosapentaenoic Acid Following Docosahexaenoic Acid Intake." In Virtual 2021 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists’ Society (AOCS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/am21.101.

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Kang, Jeanne, and In-Hwan Kim. "Concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid via Candida rugosa lipase-catalyzed esterification with phytosterol and fatty acid from anchovy oil." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/wyzv8794.

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Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n3), which is one of the well-known polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), is contained abundantly in anchovy oil among marine oils. EPA, along with docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, 22:5n3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n3), provide several health benefits such as reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and stroke, protecting vision, and increasing immunity. In the present study, EPA was concentrated efficiently in the unesterified fatty acid when Candida rugosa lipase-catalyzed esterification with phytosterol and fatty acid from anchovy oil was carried out in a solvent system. The effects of several parameters upon the concentration of EPA were investigated including the molar ratio of the substrate, temperature, and enzyme loading. The optimum conditions of molar ratio, temperature, and enzyme loading were 3:1 (phytosterol to fatty acids), 40 °C, 10 % (based on the total weight of substrate), respectively. Under the optimum conditions, EPA content in the unesterified fatty acid increased markedly from 20 % in the initial fatty acid up to 46% after the reaction time of 6 h. DPA and DHA were also concentrated in the unesterified fatty acid with a similar tendency even though the contents of both PUFAs were much lower than EPA. Consequently, the sum of EPA, DPA, and DHA content increased from 24% in the initial fatty acid up to 65% in the unesterified fatty acid, after Candida rugosa lipase-catalyzed esterification. In addition, phytosteryl ester, which has applied into fat-based food products as a functional component, was synthesized simultaneously during the concentration of EPA via enzymatic esterification.

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Chen, Chih-Wei, Li-Wei Kuo, Yeu-Jye Pang, Wai-Hung Leung, and Wen-Hui Weng. "Abstract 2695: Using eicosapentaenoic acid to improve cetuximab sensitivity in KRAS mutants." In Proceedings: AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015; April 18-22, 2015; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-2695.

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Mizuno, Nancy K., Olga P. Rogozina, Christine M. Seppanen, D. Joshua Liao, Margot P. Cleary, and Michael E. Grossmann. "Abstract 1869: Mammary tumor inhibition by intermittent calorie restriction and eicosapentaenoic acid." In Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011‐‐ Apr 2‐6, 2011; Orlando, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-1869.

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Fournier, Mario, Joanne M. Bando, Xiaoyu Da, and Michael I. Lewis. "Effect Of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) On Proteolytic Pathways In The Malnourished Diaphragm." In American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010 • New Orleans. American Thoracic Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a5036.

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Fuller, Ioan, Adam Cumming, Asli Card, Elaine Burgess, Colin Barrow, Nigel Perry, and Daniel Killeen. "Free Fatty Acids in Commercial Krill Oils: Concentrations, Compositions, and Implications for Oxidative Stability." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/tbmz9014.

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The concentrations and pro-oxidative effects of free fatty acids in commercial krill oil are not well defined. We now report that krill oil free fatty acids account for 2–13% of total lipids in commercial krill oil (n = 8) that these compounds are enriched in eicosapentaenoic acid (+7.1%) and docosahexaenoic acid (+6.3%) relative to whole oils; and that this composition make them highly pro-oxidizing in marine triacylglycerol oils, but not in krill oil, which derives oxidative stability from both its phospholipids, and neutral lipids (the latter because of astaxanthin). Specific fatty acid esterification patterns showed that krill oil free fatty acids predominantly (88–93%) originated from phospholipids, mainly from the sn-2 position, which was eight-fold more hydrolyzed than the sn-1 position. Lipolysis was not ongoing in stored oils. Adding small amounts of krill oil (1–5%) to marine triacylglycerol oils significantly increased their oxidative stability and also their resistance to free fatty acid-mediated pro-oxidative effects.

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Supinski, G. S., P. Netzel, and L. A. P. Callahan. "Effect of Hydroxymethylbutyrate and Eicosapentaenoic Acid on Diaphragm and Quadriceps Strength in MICU Patients." In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a5807.

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Shaikh, Saame (Raz), Anandita Pal, and Ian Carroll. "Eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl esters prevent obesity-driven impairments to glucose homeostasis through the biosynthesis of downstream hydroxylated metabolites." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/colx6433.

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There is considerable debate on the clinical utility of the long n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for preventing dysregulation of obesity-driven glucose homeostasis. Herein, we first show that administration of ethyl esters of EPA, but not DHA, to C57BL/6J male mice improves hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and glucose tolerance. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that EPA reverses the obesity-driven decrease in the concentration of white adipose tissue and liver 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE), the precursor for resolvin E1 (RvE1).Â A combination of add-back and receptor knockout experiments reveal that RvE1 is specifically driving the improvement in hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia through the receptor known as ERV1/ChemR23 by controlling pathways related to hepatic glucose metabolism and inflammation. Next, we show that EPAâ€™s effects are distinct in female mice as EPA administration leads to improvements in body weight, hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia but not glucose tolerance. In this case, EPA exerts its effects through a mechanism potentially mediated by 8-HEPE and upregulation of key intestinal microbes. Finally, we present translation data showing that glucose levels in humans with obesity are inversely related to EPA but not DHA in a sex-specific manner. Furthermore, data from our pilot clinical trial demonstrate that an 18-HEPE-enriched marine oil supplement increases RvE1 levels by 3-fold in humans with obesity. Taken together, these results provide clarity to the field by suggesting that EPA but not DHA ethyl esters can prevent glucose dysregulation in a sex-specific manner through distinct mechanisms mediated by downstream hydroxylated metabolites.

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Reports on the topic "Eicosapentaenoic acid"

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Sukenik, Assaf, Paul Roessler, and John Ohlrogge. Biochemical and Physiological Regulation of Lipid Synthesis in Unicellular Algae with Special Emphasis on W-3 Very Long Chain Lipids. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604932.bard.

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Various unicellular algae produce omega-3 (w3) very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFA), which are rarely found in higher plants. In this research and other studies from our laboratories, it has been demonstrated that the marine unicellular alga Nannochloropsis (Eustigmatophyceae) can be used as a reliable and high quality source for the w3 VLC-PUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). This alga is widely used in mariculture systems as the primary component of the artificial food chain in fish larvae production, mainly due to its high EPA content. Furthermore, w3 fatty acids are essential for humans as dietary supplements and may have therapeutic benefits. The goal of this research proposal was to understand the physiological and biochemical mechanisms which regulate the synthesis and accumulation of glycerolipids enriched with w3 VLC-PUFA in Nannochloropsis. The results of our studies demonstrate various aspects of lipid synthesis and its regulation in the alga: 1. Variations in lipid class composition imposed by various environmental conditions were determined with special emphasis on the relative abundance of the molecular species of triacylglycerol (TAG) and monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG). 2. The relationships between the cellular content of major glycerolipids (TAG and MGDG) and the enzymes involved in their synthesis were studied. The results suggested the importance of UDP-galactose diacylglycerol galactosyl (UDGT) in regulation of the cellular level of MGDG. In a current effort we have purified UDGT several hundredfold from Nannochloropsis. It is our aim to purify this enzyme to near homogeneity and to produce antibodies against this enzyme in order to provide the tools for elucidation of the biochemical mechanisms that regulate this enzyme and carbon allocation into galactolipids. 3. Our in vitro and in vivo labeling studies indicated the possibility that phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) are associated with desaturation of the structural lipids, whereas shorter chain saturated fatty acids are more likely to be incorporated into TAG. 4. Isolation of several putative mutants of Nannochloropsis which appear to have different lipid and fatty acid compositions than the wild type; a mutant of a special importance that is devoid of EPA was fully characterized. In addition, we could demonstrate the feasibility of Nannochloropsis biomass production for aquaculture and human health: 1) We demonstrated in semi-industrial scale the feasibility of mass production of Nannochloropsis biomass in collaboration with the algae plant NBT in Eilat; 2) Nutritional studies verified the importance algal w3 fatty acids for the development of rats and demonstrated that Nannochloropsis biomass fed to pregnant and lactating rats can benefit their offspring.

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Meidan, Rina, and Robert Milvae. Regulation of Bovine Corpus Luteum Function. United States Department of Agriculture, March 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604935.bard.

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The main goal of this research plan was to elucidate regulatory mechanisms controlling the development, function of the bovine corpus luteum (CL). The CL contains two different sterodigenic cell types and therefore it was necessary to obtain pure cell population. A system was developed in which granulosa and theca interna cells, isolated from a preovulatory follicle, acquired characteristics typical of large (LL) and small (SL) luteal cells, respectively, as judged by several biochemical and morphological criteria. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of granulosa cells removal on subsequent CL function, the results obtained support the concept that granulosa cells make a substaintial contribution to the output of progesterone by the cyclic CL but may have a limited role in determining the functional lifespan of the CL. This experimental model was also used to better understand the contribution of follicular granulosa cells to subsequent luteal SCC mRNA expression. The mitochondrial cytochrome side-chain cleavage enzyme (SCC), which converts cholesterol to pregnenolone, is the first and rate-limiting enzyme of the steroidogenic pathway. Experiments were conducted to characterize the gene expression of P450scc in bovine CL. Levels of P450scc mRNA were higher during mid-luteal phase than in either the early or late luteal phases. PGF 2a injection decreased luteal P450scc mRNA in a time-dependent manner; levels were significantly reduced by 2h after treatment. CLs obtained from heifers on day 8 of the estrous cycle which had granulosa cells removed had a 45% reduction in the levels of mRNA for SCC enzymes as well as a 78% reduction in the numbers of LL cells. To characterize SCC expression in each steroidogenic cell type we utilized pure cell populations. Upon luteinization, LL expressed 2-3 fold higher amounts of both SCC enzymes mRNAs than SL. Moreover, eight days after stimulant removal, LL retained their P4 production capacity, expressed P450scc mRNA and contained this protein. In our attempts to establish the in vitro luteinization model, we had to select the prevulatory and pre-gonadotropin surge follicles. The ratio of estradiol:P4 which is often used was unreliable since P4 levels are high in atretic follicles and also in preovulatory post-gonadotropin follicles. We have therefore examined whether oxytocin (OT) levels in follicular fluids could enhance our ability to correctly and easily define follicular status. Based on E2 and OT concentrations in follicular fluids we could more accurately identify follicles that are preovulatory and post gonadotropin surge. Next we studied OT biosynthesis in granulosa cells, cells which were incubated with forskolin contained stores of the precursor indicating that forskolin (which mimics gonadotropin action) is an effective stimulator of OT biosynthesis and release. While studying in vitro luteinization, we noticed that IGF-I induced effects were not identical to those induced by insulin despite the fact that megadoses of insulin were used. This was the first indication that the cells may secrete IGF binding protein(s) which regonize IGFs and not insulin. In a detailed study involving several techniques, we characterized the species of IGF binding proteins secreted by luteal cells. The effects of exogenous polyunsaturated fatty acids and arachidonic acid on the production of P4 and prostanoids by dispersed bovine luteal cells was examined. The addition of eicosapentaenoic acid and arachidonic acid resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in basal and LH-stimulated biosynthesis of P4 and PGI2 and an increase in production of PGF 2a and 5-HETE production. Indomethacin, an inhibitor of arachidonic acid metabolism via the production of 5-HETE was unaffected. Results of these experiments suggest that the inhibitory effect of arachidonic acid on the biosynthesis of luteal P4 is due to either a direct action of arachidonic acid, or its conversion to 5-HETE via the lipoxgenase pathway of metabolism. The detailed and important information gained by the two labs elucidated the mode of action of factors crucially important to the function of the bovine CL. The data indicate that follicular granulosa cells make a major contribution to numbers of large luteal cells, OT and basal P4 production, as well as the content of cytochrome P450 scc. Granulosa-derived large luteal cells have distinct features: when luteinized, the cell no longer possesses LH receptors, its cAMP response is diminished yet P4 synthesis is sustained. This may imply that maintenance of P4 (even in the absence of a Luteotropic signal) during critical periods such as pregnancy recognition, is dependent on the proper luteinization and function of the large luteal cell.

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