Academic literature on the topic 'Egyptian identity'
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Journal articles on the topic "Egyptian identity"
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Saad, Reem Lotfy Mahmoud. "Art and Cultural Identity." Academic Research Community publication 1, no. 1 (September 18, 2017): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/archive.v1i1.104.
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This paper analyzes aspects of Egyptian history, including unique qualities that influenced the Egyptian culture and gave it its identity that has developed throughout the years until today. It will also discuss Egyptian visual arts and its critical role throughout history, including how arts have appeared and developed over Egypt’s lifetime and influenced the Egyptian citizen. Furthermore, this research sheds light on the effects of every political change that took place in Egypt, and how that could be a mirror of the Egyptian civilization, its development and its decline while considering the role of visual arts throughout and after the revolution of 2011. Analyzing Egyptian culture, education, technology, internet and multimedia after the revolution can be imperative to understand the cultural identity and the role of visual arts in Egypt. Thus the mutual relationship between arts and the Egyptian cultural identity will be questioned, along with the way that they impact each other, and finally, how both of them could play a key role in developing Egypt after the 25th of January, 2011 revolution.
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Al-Sheikh, Rua. "The 2011 Egyptian Revolution: Its effects on the Egyptian community in the UK in terms of political participation, media use, belonging, and Egyptian identity." for(e)dialogue 1, no. 1 (March 16, 2016): 66–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/for(e)dialogue.v1i1.533.
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This research seeks to examine the role played by the Egyptian Diaspora living in the UK during the 2011 Egyptian revolution and the extent to which they participated in it. The aim is to detangle the factors impacting the UK Egyptian community in terms of identity and belonging, and discuss whether the 2011 uprising had increased their political involvement through mass media or not. The assumption that diasporic communities are politically apathetic is considered. Little research has been conducted in this area of Diaspora, and a qualitative approach has been used to explore this. Preliminary findings indicate that Egyptians in the UK are more involved in political activities with regard to Egypt since 2011 uprising. When the Egyptian revolution broke out, some Egyptians living in the UK engaged in the revolution by voicing their opinions over the Internet and social media, while others travelled to Egypt to participate in the uprising.
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Fahmy, Ziad. "MEDIA-CAPITALISM: COLLOQUIAL MASS CULTURE AND NATIONALISM IN EGYPT, 1908–18." International Journal of Middle East Studies 42, no. 1 (January 14, 2010): 103a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743809990833.
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In Egypt, during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, older, fragmented, and more localized forms of identity were rapidly replaced with new alternative concepts of community, which for the first time had the capacity to collectively encompass the majority of Egyptians. This article is about the growth of Egyptian national identity from 1908 until 1918. It highlights the importance of previously neglected colloquial Egyptian sources—especially recorded music and vaudeville—in examining modern Egyptian history. Through the lens of colloquial mass culture, the study traces the development of collective Egyptian identity during the first quarter of the 20th century. This article also engages with some of the theories of nationalism and tests their applicability to Egypt. Finally, it introduces the concept of “media-capitalism” in an effort to expand the historical analysis of nationalism beyond print.
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Quandt, William B., and Ghada Hashem Talhami. "Palestine and Egyptian National Identity." Foreign Affairs 71, no. 3 (1992): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20045290.
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Hernandez, Rebecca Skreslet. "At the Borders of Identity: Reflections on Egyptian Protestant Public Theology in the Wake of the Arab Spring." Exchange 49, no. 3-4 (November 9, 2020): 237–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572543x-12341568.
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Abstract A common narrative characterizes Egyptian Christians as a people beset by persecution, struggling to survive in a hostile Muslim context. Other narratives seek to smooth over the differences between Christian and Muslim Egyptians to emphasize national unity and shared citizenship. The revolutionary upheavals starting in 2011 brought questions of subjectivity and agency in shaping Egypt’s future to the forefront of public debate. In spite of continued limitations to free speech and political participation, Egyptian Christians are engaging creatively in prophetic discourse and community-building praxis, contributing to the construction of a revitalized theology of public life. Protestant theologians Andrea Zaki, Safwat Marzouk, and Anne Zaki, for example, draw on the resources of the biblical tradition to think critically about their own subjectivity as Egyptian Christians and about the complex challenges and the hopeful promise facing these communities as they seek effective ways to participate in public life.
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Kalawoun, Nasser. "Palestine and the Egyptian national identity." International Affairs 69, no. 4 (October 1993): 809–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2620686.
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Salama, Mohamed. "The Identity of Contemporary Egyptian Architecture." International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Business Sciences 2, no. 2 (September 1, 2021): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ijaebs.2021.91632.1017.
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Appelbaum, Diana Muir. "Jewish Identity and Egyptian Revival Architecture." Journal of Jewish Identities 5, no. 2 (2012): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jji.2012.0020.
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Fahmy, Ziad. "MEDIA-CAPITALISM: COLLOQUIAL MASS CULTURE AND NATIONALISM IN EGYPT, 1908–18." International Journal of Middle East Studies 42, no. 1 (January 14, 2010): 83–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743809990547.
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In Egypt, during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, older, fragmented, and more localized forms of identity were replaced with new, alternative concepts of community, which for the first time had the capacity to collectively encompass the majority of Egyptians. The activism of Mustafa Kamil (1874–1908) and the populist message of the Watani Party began the process of defining and popularizing urban Egyptian nationalism. After Kamil's premature death in 1908, there was more of an “urgent need,” as described by Zachary Lockman, for “tapping into and mobilizing new domestic constituencies in order to build a more broadly based independence movement.” This article argues that the eventual mobilization of the Egyptian urban masses, and their “incorporation into the Egyptian nation,” was due in large part to the materialization of a variety of mass media catering to a growing national audience. To be more specific, I will examine early Egyptian nationalism through the lens of previously neglected audiovisual colloquial Egyptian sources. This, I argue, is crucial to any attempt at capturing the voice of “ordinary” Egyptians. Finally, the article documents the role of early colloquial Egyptian mass culture as a vehicle and forum through which, among other things, “hidden transcripts” of resistance and critiques of colonial and elite authority took place.
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Rihan, Mohammad. "Egypt’s National Identity According to ‘Abdallah al-Nadim." Hawliyat 17 (July 11, 2018): 51–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31377/haw.v17i0.67.
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This article examines the constituents of Eupt's national identity as understood by 'Abdallah al-Nadim, the orator of the 'Urabi revolution. It seems that al-Nadim was preoccupied constantly with one single idea: Ecpt. Throughout his career he tried to define the nature of the Egyptian "watan ", its political and economic system, and its social and cultural background. The paper will argue that al-Nadimpresented a complex, evolved definition of an Egyptian nationalism based on specific elements which he considered necessary for the creation of an Egyptian national identity.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Egyptian identity"
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Mwanika, Eva N. "Ancient Egyptian Identity." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1090531381.
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Belcher, El-Nahhas Susan Margaret. "Egyptian women (in Cairo), struggles for identity and citizenship." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0007/NQ39503.pdf.
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Moussa, Hanan Ezzat. "Social media influencers and the online identity of Egyptian youth." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669811.
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En aquesta tesi, m'he proposat investigar la relació entre els anomenats influencers en xarxes socials i la identitat de la joventut egípcia en la xarxa. Egipte és el context d'aquest estudi: un país de caràcter tradicional, patriarcal i profundament religiós. Dels seus joves s'espera que portin un canvi a la societat, però, al mateix temps, s'enfronten a múltiples desafiaments quotidians i a dificultats en l'àmbit de la identitat. En aquest estudi s'examina com, en un país en desenvolupament de cultura no occidental, els processos de construcció identitària dels influencers en xarxes socials i dels seus seguidors i seguidores s'interconnecten a través de les seves autopresentacions i interaccions en línia.
He desenvolupat una metodologia qualitativa d'entrevistes en profunditat amb nou influencers i divuit dels seus seguidors i seguidores. Les entrevistes han generat una gran quantitat d'informació, noves percepcions i perspectives tant dels primers com dels segons. S'han trobat així mostres evidents que els influencers en xarxes socials tenen un paper indirecte en la construcció de la identitat digital dels joves en inspirar als seus seguidors i seguidores perquè aquests canviïn les seves actituds i comportaments, la qual cosa acaba reflectint-se en la seva identitat en la xarxa i en la seva forma d’autopresentar-se en línia.En esta tesis, me he propuesto investigar la relación entre los llamados influencers en redes sociales y la identidad de la juventud egipcia en la red. Egipto es el contexto de este estudio: un país de carácter tradicional, patriarcal y profundamente religioso. De sus jóvenes se espera que traigan un cambio a la sociedad, pero, al mismo tiempo, se enfrentan a múltiples desafíos cotidianos y a dificultades en el ámbito de la identidad. En este estudio se examina cómo, en un país en desarrollo de cultura no occidental, los procesos de construcción identitaria de los influencers en redes sociales y de sus seguidores y seguidoras se interconectan a través de sus autopresentaciones e interacciones en línea. Se recurre para ello a una metodología cualitativa de entrevistas en profundidad con nueve influencers y dieciocho de sus seguidores y seguidoras. Las entrevistas han generado una gran cantidad de información, nuevas percepciones y perspectivas tanto de los primeros como de los segundos. Se han hallado así muestras evidentes de que los influencers en redes sociales tienen un papel indirecto en la construcción de la identidad digital de los jóvenes al inspirar a sus seguidores y seguidoras para que estos cambien sus actitudes y comportamientos, lo que acaba reflejándose en su identidad en la red y en su forma de autopresentarse en línea.
This thesis seeks to investigate the relationship between social media influencers and the online identity of Egyptian youth. The context of this study is Egypt, a country of traditional, patriarchal and keenly religious nature. Its youth, while being expected to bring about change in the society, face many challenges on a day-to-day level and struggle with their identity. The study explores the way in which social media influencers’ and fans’ processes of identity construction are connected through their online performances and interactions in a non-Western developing culture. The study employs a qualitative methodology through in-depth interviews with nine influencers and eighteen of their fans. The interviews generate a wealth of information, insights and perspectives from both parties. The study found that there is evidence that social media influencers play an indirect role in the construction of the online identity of youth through inspiring their fans to change their attitudes and behaviours which ultimately reflects on their online identity and self-presentation.
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Bennett, Sophie. "Gender and identity in the modern Egyptian short story (1954-1992)." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.281942.
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Fecteau, André. "An Identity and an Uprising: The Politicization of Egyptian Canadians in Ottawa." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33391.
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Historically, political mobilization within the Egyptian Canadian community in Ottawa for homeland politics has been minimal. Yet, since 2011, its members have taken part in a wide range of activities with the hope that they could contribute to the Egyptian uprising and shape the new political environment that arose from it. What compelled them to do so, and why only since 2011? Rooted in both the literatures on diaspora and transnationalism, this thesis argues that there were two simultaneous processes behind their mobilization. First, their sense of belonging to Egypt led some individuals within the Ottawa community to give a new political aspect and meaning to their Egyptian identity, and second, a series of events linked to the Egyptian uprising acted as catalysts to turn these identity-related feelings into action, which subsequently created new rifts within the community.
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Kim, Keunjoo. "Theology and identity of the Egyptian Jewish diaspora in Septuagint of Isaiah." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3a0507b0-32ad-419d-8a94-84cd2b76e856.
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The Old Greek version of the Book of Isaiah (hereafter LXX-Is) should be studied not only as a translation but also as an interpretation reflecting the theology of the translator or translator’s community in Egypt. ‘Free’ translation in LXX-Is usually appears not to originate from any misunderstanding of the probable Hebrew Vorlage or from a different Vorlage, but deliberately and consciously. Also it is important that these Greek renderings should be dealt with in a broader context, not merely verse by verse; because the Septuagint seems to have been regarded as a religious text in itself, circulating among Jews in Egypt. The most conspicuous theme in Septuagint Isaiah is a bold declaration concerning their identity. According to this, the Jewish diaspora in Egypt is the true remnant, and their residence in Egypt should be regarded as due to God’s initiative, thus “Eisodos” instead of “Exodus” is emphasized. Such ideas may be understood as displaying an apologetic concern of the Jewish diaspora to defend their continued residence in Egypt, whereas the Bible states firmly that Jews are not to go down there. Judgments against Egypt appear more strongly than MT, and this is another expression of their identity. LXX-Is supplies a bold translation in 19:18: a temple in Egypt, called the ‘city of righteousness’. The writings of Josephus testify to the existence of the Temple of Onias in Heliopolis under the reign of Ptolemy Philometor who apparently showed great favour towards the Jews. The temple’s significance should be considered as more than a temporary shrine for local Jewish mercenaries. Rather, it aimed to be a new Jerusalem under a lawful Zadokite priest. In addition to this, LXX-Is shares some interesting and distinctive ideas with Hellenistic Jewish literature, including views on priests and sacrifice, and an attitude towards foreign kings shared by Hellenistic Jewish literature of the period. To conclude, through comparing with MT and investigating LXX-Is as it stands, this work shows that LXX-Is is not just a translation but a Hellenistic Jewish document reflecting a particular theology of at least some Jews in Egypt. LXX-Is is shown to have its place within Jewish Hellenistic literature.
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Abdelwahed, Youssri Ezzat Hussein. "Egyptian cultural identity in the architecture of Roman Egypt (30 BC-AD 325)." Thesis, Durham University, 2012. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5923/.
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This thesis explores the complexity and fluidity of Egyptian cultural identity in architectural form in Roman Egypt. It covers the period from the Roman conquest in 30 BC to the official recognition of Christianity in AD 325. The thesis focuses on the relationship between architectural form and layers of identity assertion. Special consideration is given to the issue of continuities and changes in Egyptian cultural traditions. Through explorations of arrangement and use of urban space and public buildings, Chapter I addresses the diversity of architecture as evidence for the complexity and permeability of cultural markers of identity, with special focus on the use of temples as centres of local identity. Being a self-evident symbol of traditional temples, Chapter II suggests that the pylon offers a good example of the complexity of identity and the dynamic nature of cultural traditions in the Roman period. Although the pylon appears on the Palestrina mosaic and classical literature on Egypt as a cliché of ancient Egyptian culture, it was not necessarily a marker of those legally defined as Egyptians. The third chapter focuses on different forms of rituals activities performed within or around the domestic space as evidence for the multiplicity of identity, the complexity of Romano-Egyptian society, and the shared cultural heritage of house occupants. Chapter IV discusses iconography in Roman-period tombs as an expression of the fluidity of cultural traits and as evidence for the biculturalism of the patrons. The final chapter deals with the correlation between architectural ornament and Egyptian cultural identity. It focuses on the torus moulding, cavetto cornice, and Egyptian composite capitals with its five-tiered band and abacus both as a reflection of the dynamic nature identity and as evidence for the hybridization of architectural ornament. In the conclusion, I summarize my work and draw out its implications, suggesting that identity was a multi-layered and dynamic phenomenon. The complexity and multiplicity nature of identity left its impact on architecture in Roman Egypt, where there was a close and extremely complex relationship between architectural form and different perceptions of identity.
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Habib, Maha Fawzi Said. "Egyptian cultural critique, thought and literature : Muslim identities and the predicament of modernity." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/4473.
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Islam has, throughout its history, played a pivotal role in the lives of its adherents. Islam’s significance for its adherents stems from and is informed by it as a doctrine, a system of discipline and ritual, and a system of social ethics and practices. Throughout Islamic history, Islam has undergone significant reformation efforts as was socially and culturally perceived to be necessary from within its community. However, with the advent of colonialism, the introduction of the concept of the nation-state, and the ushering of the age of modernity, the form and structure of such reformation was much informed by the relationship of Islam and its adherents to the ‘other’ (the West) and its knowledge systems. Islam has since been confronted with the question of its own validity, from inside and outside the community of adherents. The struggle with the place of religion, the place of the sacred, has played out throughout the history of Islam within Egypt, at times expanding, at others withdrawing, as it dealt with political, social and cultural forces. This presented and presents its adherents with a dilemma of identity: a constant shifting, manipulating, rejecting, and reforming of religious symbols and meaning and further knowledge systems within Islam – an attempt to deal with the state of (post)coloniality, and the project of modernity. It is my contention that one can map the sacred within Egyptian writing: one that is associated with locations, with time, with human interactions, with social, cultural, historical and religious significance. Mapping such sacred spaces within (post)modern Egyptian writing presents deep insights into the struggle for individualism and representation. Egyptian writing is an expression of cultural contestation, and the struggle for self-definition, mirroring one that is pre-existing in Egyptian society. This is evidence of: a) social and cultural self-awareness; b) an engagement with and a response to ‘other’ narratives; c) an attempt to search for an ‘authentic’ self-sufficient discourse; and, d) an attempt to conjure up viable options for sustainability. This has not always led to self-certainty. In fact, it has led to epistemological uncertainty, ontological anxiety, and a threatened self-identity, to which Egyptian Muslims respond in a myriad of voices through these texts/narratives – tackling existential issues.
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Riggs, Christina. "Art and identity in the Egyptian funerary tradition, c. 100 BC to AD 300." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396072.
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Mitchell, Jane Elizabeth. "Representation of change and gender identity : a study of women in Egyptian cinema 1959-1998." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424953.
Full textBooks on the topic "Egyptian identity"
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Talhami, Ghada Hashem. Palestine and Egyptian national identity. New York: Praeger, 1992.
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Jalāl, Muḥammad Nuʻmān. Dynamics of the Egyptian national identity. Lahore: Sang-e-Meel, 1998.
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Ḥannā, Mīlād. The seven pillars of the Egyptian identity. [Cairo]: General Egyptian Book Organization, 1994.
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Characteristically American: Memorial architecture, national identity, and the Egyptian revival. Knoxville: The University of Tennessee Press, 2014.
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East/West, an ambiguous state of being: The construction and representation of Egyptian cultural identity in Egyptian film. New York: P. Lang, 1995.
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Arab culture and the novel: Gender, identity and agency in Egyptian fiction. New York, NY: Routledge, 2007.
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Toward, around, and away from Tahrir: Tracking emerging expressions of Egyptian identity. Newcastle Upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2014.
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Elisabeth, Fondation égyptologique reine, ed. Tomb painting and identity in ancient Thebes, 1419-1372 BCE. [Belgium]: Fondation Egyptologique Reine Elisabeth, 2004.
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Lavie, Smadar. The poetics of military occupation: Mzeina allegories of Bedouin identity under Israeli and Egyptian rule. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990.
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The beautiful burial in Roman Egypt: Art, identity, and funerary religion. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Egyptian identity"
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Keita, S. O. Y. "Ancient Egyptian “Origins” and “Identity”." In Ancient Egyptian Society, 111–21. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003003403-14.
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Abdou, Ehaab D. "Construction(S) of the Nation in Egyptian Textbooks." In (Re)Constructing Memory: Education, Identity, and Conflict, 75–98. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-860-0_4.
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Shalaby, Nadia Abdulgalil. "Perceptions of Codeswitching and Identity in the Egyptian Context." In Language and Identity in the Arab World, 190–207. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003174981-13.
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Bassiouney, Reem. "Chapter 3. Religion and identity in modern Egyptian public discourse." In AILA Applied Linguistics Series, 37–60. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aals.15.03bas.
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Kamal, Hala, Zainab Magdy, and Fatma Massoud. "Autofiction as a Lens for Reading Contemporary Egyptian Writing." In Palgrave Studies in Life Writing, 205–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78440-9_11.
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AbstractThis chapter offers a discussion of three texts by bicultural Egyptian writers: Waguih Ghali’s Beer in the Snooker Club (1964), Radwa Ashour’s Specters (1999), and Miral al-Tahawy’s Brooklyn Heights (2010). The three works are read via an autofictional lens, with focus on Ghali’s autofictional identity, Ashour’s autofictional threads, and al-Tahawy’s autofictionalizing experience. The study suggests that autofictionality can be identified in the texts in terms of genre as well as technique, demonstrating the potential of the autofictional as a literary strategy in negotiating identity, memory, and experience in the writing of Egyptian literature. Our reading of the three texts testifies to the affordance of an autofictional lens in reading Arabic literature and allows new insights into writing at the intersection of reality and the imagination.
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Du Roy, Gaétan. "Copts and the Egyptian Revolution: Christian Identity in the Public Sphere." In Egypt’s Revolutions, 213–27. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-56322-4_12.
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Worringer, Renée. "Ottoman Egypt Demands Independence: Egyptian Identity, East and West, Christian and Muslim." In Ottomans Imagining Japan, 219–50. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137384607_8.
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Russell, Mona. "Modernity, National Identity, and Consumerism: Visions of the Egyptian Home, 1805–1922." In Transitions in Domestic Consumption and Family Life in the Modern Middle East, 37–62. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403982698_3.
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Elsässer, Sebastian. "Muslims and Christians in Egyptian State Formation: A New Beginning in 2011?" In State Formation and Identity in the Middle East and North Africa, 139–57. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137369604_7.
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Radsch, Courtney C. "From Brotherhood to Blogosphere: Dynamics of Cyberactivism and Identity in the Egyptian Ikhwan." In Media Evolution on the Eve of the Arab Spring, 75–99. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137403155_5.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Egyptian identity"
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Soelistyarini, Titien Diah. "The World through the Eyes of an Asian American: Exploring Verbal and Visual Expressions in a Graphic Memoir." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2020. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2020.6-5.
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This study aims at exploring verbal and visual expressions of Asian American immigrants depicted in Malaka Gharib’s I was Their American Dream: A Graphic Memoir (2019). Telling a story of the author’s childhood experience growing up as a bicultural child in America, the graphic memoir shows the use of code-switching from English to Tagalog and Arabic as well as the use of pejorative terms associated with typical stereotypes of the Asian American. Apart from the verbal codes, images also play a significant role in this graphic memoir by providing visual representations to support the narrative. By applying theories of code-switching, this paper examines the types of and reasons for code-switching in the graphic memoir. The linguistic analysis is further supported by non-narrative analysis of images in the memoir as a visual representation of Asian American cultural identity. This study reveals that code-switching is mainly applied to highlight the author’s mixed cultural background as well as to imply both personal and sociopolitical empowerment for minorities, particularly Asian Americans. Furthermore, through the non-narrative analysis, this paper shows that in her drawings, Gharib refuses to inscribe stereotypical racial portrayal of the diverse characters and focuses more on beliefs, values, and experiences that make her who she is, a Filipino-Egyptian American.
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Al-Sayed, Said H., Yusef El-Sayed, and Sahar S. Gadou. "The application of resilience planning concepts as a tool for assessment and evaluating Egyptian urban communities to achieve resilience after disasters." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/lowo4087.
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After the revolutions of the so-called Arab Spring which begin in Egypt at January 25, 2011, many disasters occurred in many Egyptian cities, and also significant changes in cities led to the emergence of severe shocks suffered by the community, including other subversive threats as Corona pandemic, long-term social pressures like unemployment and poor access Barriers to education, crime or homelessness, as well as deliberate sabotage of urban structures and infrastructure, directly or indirectly, have led to the deterioration of cities and the change of human behavior for the worse. The research aims to identify the concepts and methodology of resilience planning, and apply them to Egyptian cities to increase its ability to recover and adapt positively to un expected changing circumstances or challenges, including Revolutions, Corona pandemic, disasters and climate change, to maintain quality of life and healthy growth, and to achieve permanent systems that can preserving resources for present and future generations. It will also aim to create a tool as (Cities resilience assessment form) for assessment and evaluating the Egyptian Cities for its resilience. That will help to make a community resilience plan includes policies, programs and other actions that can be taken in many sectors to improve a society's ability to cope with risks or change circumstances. Resilience planning can thus reduce future disaster response and recovery costs and improve recovery time after natural or human hazards events. The research will include the definition of resilience planning concepts, implications and objectives that aim to update flexible land-use codes, zoning, development criteria, incentive programs, and other plans or policies to better prepare for potential shocks and pressures, and also help to develop standards that allow action against unexpected events
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El-Sherif, Doaa M. "Achieving Sustainable Urban Energy Planning: With Specific Focus on Transportation." In ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2015 Power Conference, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2015-49628.
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The global population is expected to reach over 9 billion by 2050. The ‘second wave of urbanization’ indicates that developing world cities are growing much faster than their developed world counterparts, and most of these people will live in African and Asian cities where city growth rates are the highest. This, ‘second wave of urbanization’ is a core driver of change in the 21st century and follows the first wave of urbanization that took place in developed countries from 1750, lasted 200 years and resulted in the urbanization of 400 million people. By contrast, the second wave of urbanization is projected to see over 3 billion additional people living in cities in a time-span of just 80 years, bringing unprecedented challenges to city doorsteps. In the current era of development, urban sustainability is threatened by heightened global uncertainty and change. In broad terms, these changes consist of the following global factors: economic change, scarcity of resources, rapid technological and social change, environmental and climate change effects. These drivers of change have broad reach, and threaten multiple sectors — such as food, water, energy, transport and waste — that are critical for urban sustainability. In response, this paper discusses cities’ transition to urban energy sustainability and the role of infrastructures, with focus on transportation planning. The paper highlights the case of Egypt as an example of developing countries. The objectives of the paper are; firstly to identify the different factors affecting Egyptian cities’ transition to sustainability, and secondly to analyze the strategic urban planning process in Egypt which is a bottom-up participatory approach leading to urban sustainability. The paper presents a case study from Egypt, illustrating the preparation of a future urban strategic plan for a small Egyptian city. The case study shows how participatory approach can result in innovative solutions leading to sustainable urban energy planning with focus on transportation.
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Abdullah, Yahya. "Judicial oversight of applications submitted to the administration is a reason for its development." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF DEFICIENCIES AND INFLATION ASPECTS IN LEGISLATION. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicdial.pp191-212.
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"The administration performs a great task in the life of modern societies, through its intervention to satisfy public needs through the establishment and management of public utilities that aim to achieve the public interest and respond to the requirements and necessities of daily life, as well as protecting public order, and regulating the relationship between them and individuals with constitutional and legal texts, as well as The organizational rules that lay down the general framework for public liberties and individual rights, all to prevent them from practicing any activity outside the framework of legality. Originally, the administration is not obligated to issue its decisions in a specific form, as it is free to choose the external form of these decisions, unless the law requires it otherwise. This requires that the decision be embodied in an external form in order for individuals to know the will of the administration and to adjust their behavior according to its requirements. However, the implementation of this rule on its launch, may negatively affect the rights of individuals, because the administration may sometimes deliberately remain silent about deciding the requests submitted to it, or it may neglect at other times to respond to these requests. Existence of apparent decisions in an external legal form, meaning that the matter remains in the hands of the administration, if it wants it will respond to the requests of individuals, and if it wants to be silent, which constitutes a waste of their rights, a violation of the principle of equality, and confiscation of the right to litigation guaranteed by the constitution, it requires protection of individuals from the inconvenience of the administration And the abuse of their rights, and put an end to the neglect of employees and their indifference to the requests or grievances submitted to them, in addition to the fact that the requirements of the public interest require that the administrative staff exercise the powers entrusted to them by law at the present time. ( ) For these justifications, the legislator intervened in many countries, including France, Egypt, Lebanon and Iraq, to suppose that the administration had announced its will, even if it remained silent or silent about deciding on the request presented to it, and this resulted in an implicit administrative decision of rejection or approval. As a result of the large number of state intervention in the economic and social fields in recent times, it has led to the multiplicity and diversity of state agencies and institutions, and the public administration often does not provide its services to individuals except at the request of individuals. Therefore, it may be difficult for individuals to identify a competent administrative authority to submit their request to. to get those services. He makes a mistake and submits it to a non-competent administrative body. When this authority is silent and does not transfer the request to its competent authority, and the legal period granted to the administration to respond to their requests has passed, individuals resort to the judiciary, and submitting the request to the non-competent authority prevents the judiciary from accepting their claim, which wastes their rights and thus harms them. Therefore, the administrative judiciary in many countries has extended its control over this case to consider the application submitted to a non-competent administrative body as if it was submitted to its competent authority, given that the state is a single public legal person. Accordingly, the request submitted to any party starts from the legal period available to the administration to meet the requests of individuals and in its absence the implicit administrative decision of rejection or acceptance arises. Accordingly, we will study the jurisprudence of the French, Lebanese, Egyptian and Iraqi judiciary in this study. The importance of the study lies in the implications of the subject of requests submitted to the administration, the delay in their completion, the silence of the administration, and the consequent effects and exposure to the rights of individuals. And that it will show how to confront this silence, neglect and intransigence of the administration. The idea of implicit administrative decisions, resulting from the administration’s silence on the requests submitted to it, is an effective means, which makes the administration more positive and enables individuals to confront the administration’s silence, and prevents its intransigence, arbitrariness or neglect. The problem of the research is that can silence be an expression of the will? How do individuals protect themselves from the actions of the administration, and who guarantees its non-bias, arbitrariness and deviation? Does submitting the application to a non-competent body protect the rights of individuals? ? And the extent of judicial oversight on the authority of the administration.? And the extent of the compatibility and divergence of the positions of the administrative judiciary in France, Lebanon, Egypt and Iraq regarding this.? From the above in explaining the importance of the study and its problem, we can deduce the scope of the study, which is the study of judicial control over the requests submitted to the administration by taking an overview of the nature of the requests, their types and distinguishing them from others, and the position of each of the legislation, the judiciary and jurisprudence from it. The research consists of two sections, the first deals with the nature of the request and what is related to it, and the second is judicial control over the applications submitted to the administration, as follows"
5
Elkafrawy, Sameh, Sameh Elkafrawy, Akram Soliman, Akram Soliman, Mohamed Bek, and Mohamed Bek. "EVALUATING SHORELINE, URBAN AND ROADS CHANGES IN THE HURGHADA AREA, EGYPT, USING MULTISPECTRAL SATELLITE IMAGES." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b9422c50d28.22324330.
Full textAbstract:
The rapid urban development in the Hurghada area since the 1980s has dramatically enhanced the potential impact of human activities. To inventory and monitor this urban development effectively, remote sensing provides a viable source of data from which updated land cover information can be extracted efficiently and cheaply. In this study, data from three satellite datasets, Landsat Thematic Mapper (Landsat 5 TM), Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (Landsat 7 ETM+) and Terra/Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER), acquired during 1987, 2000 and 2005, respectively, were used to detect and evaluate Hurghada's urban expansion. Five change detection techniques were tested to detect areas of change. The techniques considered were image differencing, image ratioing, image overlay, multidate principal component analysis (PCA) and post-classification comparison. The post-classification comparison was found to be the most accurate procedure and produced three land use/land cover (LULC) maps of the years 1987, 2000 and 2005 with overall accuracies of 87.8%, 88.9% and 92.0%, respectively. The urban expansion analysis revealed that the built-up area has expanded by 40 km2 in 18 years (1987–2005). In addition, 4.5 km2 of landfill/sedimentation was added to the sea as a result of the coastal urban development and tourist activities. The booming coastal tourism and population pressure were considered to be the main factors driving this expansion, and some natural and artificial constraints constrained the physical shape of the city. The expansion is represented by urban fringe development, linear, infill and isolated models. Topography, lithology and structures were also analysed as possible factors that influenced the expansion. The understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of Hurghada's urban expansion is the cornerstone for formulating a view about the future urban uses and for making the best use of the limited resources that are available [1]. A Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) image of 1987 and a Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) image of 2000 were used to examine changes in land use/land cover (LULC) around Hurghada, Egypt, and changes in the composition of coral reefs offshore. Prior to coral reef bottom type classification, the radiance values were transformed to depth invariant bottom indices to reduce the effect of the water column. Subsequently, a multi component change detection procedure was applied to these indices to define changes. Preliminary results showed significant changes in LULC during the period 1987–2000 as well as changes in coral reef composition. Direct impacts along the coastline were clearly shown, but it was more difficult to link offshore changes in coral reef composition to indirect impacts of the changing LULC. Further research is needed to explore the effects of the different image processing steps, and to discover possible links between indirect impacts of LULC changes and changes in the coral reef composition [2]. Knowledge and detecting impacts of human activities on the coastal ecosystem is an essential management requirement and also very important for future and proper planning of coastal areas. Moreover, documentation of these impacts can help in increasing public awareness about side effects of unsustainable practices. Analysis of multidate remote sensing data can be used as an effective tool in environmental impact assessment (EIA). Being synoptic and frequent in coverage, multidate data from Landsat and other satellites provide a reference record and bird’s eye viewing to the environmental situation of the coastal ecosystem and the associated habitats. Furthermore, integration of satellite data with field observations and background information can help in decision if a certain activity has caused deterioration to a specific habitat or not. The present paper is an attempt to utilize remote sensing data for assessment impacts of some human activities on the major sensitive habitats of the north western Egyptian Red Sea coastal zone, definitely between Ras Gemsha and Safaga. Through multidate change analysis of Landsat data (TM & ETM+ sensors), it was possible to depict some of the human infringements in the area and to provide, in some cases, exclusive evidences for the damaging effect of some developmental activities [3]. The coastline of Hurghada has experienced considerable environmental stress from tourist and residential recreational activities. Uncontrolled tourist development has already caused substantial damage to inshore reefs and imbalance in the hydrodynamic pattern of the coastal sediments. The objective of this paper is to investigate environmental changes using multitemporal, multispectral satellite data to identify changes at Hurghada caused by anthropogenic influences. Major detected changes include resort beaches, protection structures and landfill areas; these changes are mainly due to human intervention. Two Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images acquired in 1984 and 1997 are used for this analysis. The landfill areas formed during this period are calculated at about 2.15 Km2 . Whilst landfill creates new inexpensive land and improves access to the sea for tourists, it is the cause of environmental problems. In addition, land-use/land-cover and beach changes are determined over the 13-year period [4]. The Red Sea coastal zone is characterized by its sensitive, fragile, unique natural resources and habitats. In the Hurghada coastal region, major changes in the tourism industry have taken place in the last few decades. The detection of environmental changes, in a selected site of the Red Sea coastal zone, will be helpful to protect and develop this coastal environment. A methodology for separating natural and man-made changes in satellite images was developed. It was based on the following assumptions: (1) slow changes, which occur within the range of the class reflectance, represent a natural change rather than an anthropogenic one; (2) natural changes tend to be in the same land-use/land-cover class in each date, i.e. slow changes in the reflectance, not leading to changes in the type of land-use/land-cover class from the master image to the destination one; and (3) rapid changes in the reflectance of the Earth's objects are usually related to anthropogenic activities. This technique is used to identify and assess changes along the coast of Hurghada and Ras Abu Soma, the Red Sea. Results indicate serious human impacts and the necessity for control measures and monitoring. Recommendations are presented [5]. The rapid urban development of the Hurghada area began in early 1980 to build villages and huge tourist resorts and this has continued urban development and subsequent land filling and dredging of the shoreline and the destruction of coral so far. These coastal developments have led to an increase in shoreline land filling and dredging. Despite all the environmental laws of the organization to reduce infringement on the shoreline, the abuses are still ongoing. Change detection analysis using remote sensing is a very good tool to monitor the changes condition in urban development and shoreline. Four sensors was used in this study, three of them are, Landsat Multispectral Scanner (Landsat 1 MSS), Landsat Thematic Mapper (Landsat 5 TM), Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (Landsat 7 ETM+) and the another one is SPOT XS 4 (Originally Système Probatoire de l’Observation de la Terre), acquired during 1972, 1984, 1992, 2004 and 2011, respectively, were used to detect and evaluate Hurghada’s urban expansion and shoreline changes. After the images have been geometrically, radio-metrically and atmospherically corrected using ENVI 5.0 software, the digital number was transformed to the reflectance values and the images were ready to change detection process with the integration of geographic information system using Arc GIS 10 software. The results show that changes during the 39 years of the shoreline is 6.29 km2, (5.65 km2 accretion and 0.64 km2 erosion) and urban development is 16.47 km2 the road network is the 8.738 km2.
6
Elkafrawy, Sameh, Sameh Elkafrawy, Akram Soliman, Akram Soliman, Mohamed Bek, and Mohamed Bek. "EVALUATING SHORELINE, URBAN AND ROADS CHANGES IN THE HURGHADA AREA, EGYPT, USING MULTISPECTRAL SATELLITE IMAGES." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b4316250187.
Full textAbstract:
The rapid urban development in the Hurghada area since the 1980s has dramatically enhanced the potential impact of human activities. To inventory and monitor this urban development effectively, remote sensing provides a viable source of data from which updated land cover information can be extracted efficiently and cheaply. In this study, data from three satellite datasets, Landsat Thematic Mapper (Landsat 5 TM), Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (Landsat 7 ETM+) and Terra/Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER), acquired during 1987, 2000 and 2005, respectively, were used to detect and evaluate Hurghada's urban expansion. Five change detection techniques were tested to detect areas of change. The techniques considered were image differencing, image ratioing, image overlay, multidate principal component analysis (PCA) and post-classification comparison. The post-classification comparison was found to be the most accurate procedure and produced three land use/land cover (LULC) maps of the years 1987, 2000 and 2005 with overall accuracies of 87.8%, 88.9% and 92.0%, respectively. The urban expansion analysis revealed that the built-up area has expanded by 40 km2 in 18 years (1987–2005). In addition, 4.5 km2 of landfill/sedimentation was added to the sea as a result of the coastal urban development and tourist activities. The booming coastal tourism and population pressure were considered to be the main factors driving this expansion, and some natural and artificial constraints constrained the physical shape of the city. The expansion is represented by urban fringe development, linear, infill and isolated models. Topography, lithology and structures were also analysed as possible factors that influenced the expansion. The understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of Hurghada's urban expansion is the cornerstone for formulating a view about the future urban uses and for making the best use of the limited resources that are available [1]. A Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) image of 1987 and a Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) image of 2000 were used to examine changes in land use/land cover (LULC) around Hurghada, Egypt, and changes in the composition of coral reefs offshore. Prior to coral reef bottom type classification, the radiance values were transformed to depth invariant bottom indices to reduce the effect of the water column. Subsequently, a multi component change detection procedure was applied to these indices to define changes. Preliminary results showed significant changes in LULC during the period 1987–2000 as well as changes in coral reef composition. Direct impacts along the coastline were clearly shown, but it was more difficult to link offshore changes in coral reef composition to indirect impacts of the changing LULC. Further research is needed to explore the effects of the different image processing steps, and to discover possible links between indirect impacts of LULC changes and changes in the coral reef composition [2]. Knowledge and detecting impacts of human activities on the coastal ecosystem is an essential management requirement and also very important for future and proper planning of coastal areas. Moreover, documentation of these impacts can help in increasing public awareness about side effects of unsustainable practices. Analysis of multidate remote sensing data can be used as an effective tool in environmental impact assessment (EIA). Being synoptic and frequent in coverage, multidate data from Landsat and other satellites provide a reference record and bird’s eye viewing to the environmental situation of the coastal ecosystem and the associated habitats. Furthermore, integration of satellite data with field observations and background information can help in decision if a certain activity has caused deterioration to a specific habitat or not. The present paper is an attempt to utilize remote sensing data for assessment impacts of some human activities on the major sensitive habitats of the north western Egyptian Red Sea coastal zone, definitely between Ras Gemsha and Safaga. Through multidate change analysis of Landsat data (TM & ETM+ sensors), it was possible to depict some of the human infringements in the area and to provide, in some cases, exclusive evidences for the damaging effect of some developmental activities [3]. The coastline of Hurghada has experienced considerable environmental stress from tourist and residential recreational activities. Uncontrolled tourist development has already caused substantial damage to inshore reefs and imbalance in the hydrodynamic pattern of the coastal sediments. The objective of this paper is to investigate environmental changes using multitemporal, multispectral satellite data to identify changes at Hurghada caused by anthropogenic influences. Major detected changes include resort beaches, protection structures and landfill areas; these changes are mainly due to human intervention. Two Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images acquired in 1984 and 1997 are used for this analysis. The landfill areas formed during this period are calculated at about 2.15 Km2 . Whilst landfill creates new inexpensive land and improves access to the sea for tourists, it is the cause of environmental problems. In addition, land-use/land-cover and beach changes are determined over the 13-year period [4]. The Red Sea coastal zone is characterized by its sensitive, fragile, unique natural resources and habitats. In the Hurghada coastal region, major changes in the tourism industry have taken place in the last few decades. The detection of environmental changes, in a selected site of the Red Sea coastal zone, will be helpful to protect and develop this coastal environment. A methodology for separating natural and man-made changes in satellite images was developed. It was based on the following assumptions: (1) slow changes, which occur within the range of the class reflectance, represent a natural change rather than an anthropogenic one; (2) natural changes tend to be in the same land-use/land-cover class in each date, i.e. slow changes in the reflectance, not leading to changes in the type of land-use/land-cover class from the master image to the destination one; and (3) rapid changes in the reflectance of the Earth's objects are usually related to anthropogenic activities. This technique is used to identify and assess changes along the coast of Hurghada and Ras Abu Soma, the Red Sea. Results indicate serious human impacts and the necessity for control measures and monitoring. Recommendations are presented [5]. The rapid urban development of the Hurghada area began in early 1980 to build villages and huge tourist resorts and this has continued urban development and subsequent land filling and dredging of the shoreline and the destruction of coral so far. These coastal developments have led to an increase in shoreline land filling and dredging. Despite all the environmental laws of the organization to reduce infringement on the shoreline, the abuses are still ongoing. Change detection analysis using remote sensing is a very good tool to monitor the changes condition in urban development and shoreline. Four sensors was used in this study, three of them are, Landsat Multispectral Scanner (Landsat 1 MSS), Landsat Thematic Mapper (Landsat 5 TM), Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (Landsat 7 ETM+) and the another one is SPOT XS 4 (Originally Système Probatoire de l’Observation de la Terre), acquired during 1972, 1984, 1992, 2004 and 2011, respectively, were used to detect and evaluate Hurghada’s urban expansion and shoreline changes. After the images have been geometrically, radio-metrically and atmospherically corrected using ENVI 5.0 software, the digital number was transformed to the reflectance values and the images were ready to change detection process with the integration of geographic information system using Arc GIS 10 software. The results show that changes during the 39 years of the shoreline is 6.29 km2, (5.65 km2 accretion and 0.64 km2 erosion) and urban development is 16.47 km2 the road network is the 8.738 km2.
Reports on the topic "Egyptian identity"
1
Shaheen, Manal, Linda Arthur Bradley, and Ting Chi. Hijab and Muslim religious identity expression among Egyptian women in the Pacific Northwest. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, November 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-28.
Full text
2
Slow fertility transition in Egypt: Reaching policy-makers and program managers with the findings. Population Council, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy2006.1000.
Full textAbstract:
Following a period of relatively rapid decline in the 1980s and early 1990s, the Egyptian fertility decline slowed down during the later part of the 1990s. The main objective of the Slow Fertility Transition (SFT) project was to better understand the current slow pace of fertility decline in Egypt and to identify policies that can facilitate decline to replacement level. This project investigated attitudes toward childbearing and, in particular, receptivity to the two-child family. The SFT project re-interviewed a subsample of 3,286 currently married women who had been interviewed in the 2003 EIDHS. Two further samples were also interviewed in 2004: a sample of unmarried women and men aged 18–29 (917 women and 945 men) selected from the EIDHS household sample. With the successful completion of the data collection and data processing phase, according to this report the priorities of the second phase were to complete scientifically sound and policy-relevant analysis of the SFT data, to ensure that the findings are effectively disseminated to key audiences in Egypt, and to identify policies and programs that would help the Egyptian government achieve replacement-level fertility by 2017.
3
Egypt: NGOs need to join forces to end FGC. Population Council, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh2000.1027.
Full textAbstract:
Until recently, the practice of female genital cutting (FGC) has been nearly universal in Egypt. However, a 1998 national survey found the first signs of a decline in the practice among adolescents since 1994. Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) working in community development, health, and women’s rights have played a leading role in advocating eradication of FGC in Egypt. To document and assess the impact of anti-FGC programs, the Population Council conducted an assessment from August 1999 to February 2000. Researchers telephoned numerous Egyptian NGOs to identify those most actively involved in anti-FGC programs. Then they conducted in-depth interviews with officials of 15 NGOs, as well as staff of the Ministry of Health and Population, UNICEF, and the United Nations Population Fund. As concluded in this brief, 15 Egyptian nongovernmental organizations are actively involved in programs to eradicate the practice of female genital cutting. To make these programs more effective, NGOs should form coalitions, engage in advocacy, train activists in communication skills, and evaluate the impact of their programs.