Relevant bibliographies by topics / Egypt – Economic history – 14th century

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Academic literature on the topic 'Egypt – Economic history – 14th century'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Egypt – Economic history – 14th century"

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Gueit, Eléonore, Evelyne Darque-Ceretti, and Marc Aucouturier. "Glass gilding process in medieval Syria and Egypt (13th–14th century)." Journal of Archaeological Science 37, no. 7 (July 2010): 1742–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2009.08.022.

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Mažeika, J., P. Blaževičius, M. Stančikaitė, and D. Kisielienė. "Dating of the Cultural Layers from Vilnius Lower Castle, East Lithuania: Implications for Chronological Attribution and Environmental History." Radiocarbon 51, no. 2 (2009): 515–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200055892.

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Complex interdisciplinary studies carried out in the territory of the Vilnius Lower Castle, E Lithuania, were used to construct a chronological framework based on radiocarbon data and archaeological information. Bulk samples (wood and sediment) were collected from an approximately 3-m core that crossed cultural layers and underlying strata. 14C dates indicate that the underlying bed possibly formed during the 6th century AD, although no archaeological finds were discovered there. Paleobotanical (pollen and plant macrofossil) investigations reveal evidence of agriculture that points to the existence of a permanent settlement in the area at that time. The chronological data indicates a sedimentation hiatus before the onset of the deposition of the cultural layer in the studied area. The 14C dates showed that the formation of the cultural bed began during the late 13th–early 14th centuries AD, that is, earlier than expected according to the archaeological record. The ongoing deposition of the cultural beds continued throughout the middle to latter half of the 14th century AD as revealed by the archaeological records and confirmed by well-correlated 14C results. After some decline in human activity in the middle of the 14th century AD, a subsequent ongoing development of the open landscape, along with intensive agriculture, points to an increase in human activity during the second half of the 14th century AD. The first half of the 15th century AD was marked by intensive exploitation of the territory, indicating a period of economic and cultural prosperity. The chronological framework indicates that the investigated cultural beds continued forming until the first half of the 16th century AD.
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Thuan, Tran. "Some points about Ho Quy Ly’s socio-economic reform policies." Science & Technology Development Journal - Social Sciences & Humanities 4, no. 4 (December 18, 2020): first. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjssh.v4i4.614.

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Throughout the history of Vietnam, 10 socio-economic reformations have occurred. The size, level, nature and outcome of those reforms varied, but they all shared the same trait showing progress and revolution, especially ideology. Many leaders of socio-economic revolutions were talented people in the society who saw the cause leading to crises and the way to resolve them. They could be emperors, Confucian intellectuals, officials, etc. The reformation of Ho Quy Ly from the late 14th to the early 15th centuries is among them. It is a comprehensive and breakthrough reformation. Throughout 40 years, with his political position, Ho Quy Ly made some policies to change crisis status in terms of socio-economy in the late 14th century, especially economy. Over 600 years, many studies about Ho Quy Ly and his reform gave out many different opinions. In the feudal period, the Ho Dynasty and its reform received many negative reviews from historians who were affected by Confucianism. However, after 1954, this topic came back on research forums of modern historians in Vietnam. Those researches help researches about Ho Quy Ly's role in history become more positive than periods before. This paper will analyze the background of Vietnam society in the half-end of the 14th century to clarify reasons leading to Ho Quy Ly's changes. From the results, we can objectively judge the thoughts of the reform by Ho Quy Ly when facing the requests of his living period.
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Islahi, Abdul Azim. "Economic and Financial Crises in Fifteenth - Century Egypt : Lessons from the History." Islamic Economic Studies 21, no. 2 (November 2013): 71–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0001559.

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Fazlinejad, Ahmad, and Farajollah Ahmadi. "The Impact of the Black Death on Iranian Trade (1340s-1450s A.D.)." Iran and the Caucasus 23, no. 3 (July 26, 2019): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573384x-20190302.

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The Great Plague, generally known as the Black Death, swept many parts of the three continents of Asia, Africa and Europe in the mid-14th century repeatedly for decades and inflicted widespread demographical, social and economic consequences. Contrary to the common attitude of researchers in neglecting the spread of the Black Death in Iran during the 14th century and its relapse periods, findings of this study indicate that the Great Plague, which had numerous victims in Iran, mostly disrupted the country’s commercial relationships with the plague-stricken trade routes and centers. Moreover, due to the tragic consequences caused by the Black Death, Iran lost its position as one of the main routes in the international trade. In this study, based predominantly on historiographical sources in Persian and Arabic, Iran’s position in international trade in the era of Black Death is analyzed.
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Benyovsky Latin, Irena. "Eastern Adriatic cities and their role in Venetian (long distance) commercial activities during the 13th and the first half of the 14th century." Review of Croatian history 18, no. 1 (December 14, 2022): 31–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22586/review.v18i1.24278.

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The main strategy was to maintain the sea route from the northernmost point of the Adriatic to the Levant, and to introduce the necessary legal, commercial, and administrative practices modelled upon its own. During the 13th and 14th centuries Venice worked on gaining military and economic control over the Eastern Adriatic and “prepared the ground” for its later long dominance in that area. In this period, from Venetian perspective, the cities were primarily strategic and exchange points – and were increasingly perceived as the natural hub of connections between the Mediterranean and Central Europe or the West and the Levant. The infrastructures that supported the Venetian long-distance trade in the 13th and 14th centuries were related to security, equipment, and the possibility of transit, as well as supplying enough manpower on the way.
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Kozubowskyi, Heorhii. "About One Debatable Question of Ukrainian History of the 14th Century." Arheologia, no. 1 (March 23, 2022): 55–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/arheologia2022.01.055.

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The major element of Mongolian epoch in the East Europe was obligation to pay a tribute — «vyhod». The historical consequences of the Koriatovych brothers’ rule from the end of the 40’s of the 14th century and the triumph of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the heading of the Lithuanian Prince Algirdas in the Syni Vody battle of the 1362 in Podolia have been examined. A conception has been argued according to which Podolian Principality at the time of the Koriatovych brothers’ rule was liberated from the Horde warriors. Based on the analysis of the documents, archaeological and numismatic sources a conception of the releasing on the great part of Podolian lands from the Golden Horde and stopping the tribute payment — «vyhod». Also, the terms «basqaq», «ataman», «toman», «gifts» and «commemoration» are discussed. The Koriatovych brothers’ rule on Podolian land and Syni Vody battle of the 1362 had led not only to the significant transformation of the tax-tribute system (Mongol tribute — «vyhod», «basqaqs» and etc.), but also had a great influence on the all processes in Central Ukraine and the Golden Horde in the second part of the 14th—15th centuries. Based on the analysis of the written and numismatic sources it is concluded that the equilateral heraldic shield with three beams on the first field and seven lilies on the second, on the Moldavian coins of Peter I Mușat (1375—1392) and Podolian coins of Koriatovych brothers’ of 1370—1380, there is a dynastic emblem of the Anjou family as a symbol of Hungarian kings of Louis the Hungarian (1342—1382) and Maria (1382—1387). However, these coins don’t have the Golden Horde symbols, as they were minted per sample of the European coins. The control of the trade routes in the Buh and Dnister rivers basins greatly reduced the economic resources of the Golden Horde and separate hordes of the Crimea, Western and Central Ukraine and Moldova. In the 14th century Kamianets and Smotrych were not only medieval capital towns of the Koriatovych brothers’, but also the most important centers on the international «tatar» trade route («Via Tatarica»). However, the most important routes functioned first of all between Galician and Podolian cites and also the Golden Horde centers in the Dnister and Southern Buh rivers basins.
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Cuno, Kenneth M. "Joint Family Households and Rural Notables in 19th-Century Egypt." International Journal of Middle East Studies 27, no. 4 (November 1995): 485–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743800062516.

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During the past thirty years, the study of the family in European history has developed with a strong comparative emphasis. In contrast, the study of the family in Middle East history has hardly begun, even though the family is assumed to have had a major role in “the structuring of economic, political, and social relations,” as Judith Tucker has noted. This article takes up the theme of the family in the economic, political, and social context of 19th-century rural Egypt. Its purpose is, first of all, to explicate the prevailing joint household formation system in relation to the system of landholding, drawing upon fatwas and supporting evidence. Second, it argues that rural notable families in particular had a tendency to form large joint households and that this was related to the reproduction and enhancement of their economic and political status. Specifically, the maintenance of a joint household appears to have been a way of avoiding the fragmentation of land through inheritance. After the middle of the 19th century, when it appeared that the coherence and durability of the joint family household were threatened, the notables sought to strengthen it through legislation. Their involvement in the law reform process contradicts the progressive, linear model of social and legal change that is often applied in 19th-century Egyptian history.
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Hillenbrand, Carole, and A. K. S. Lambton. "Continuity and Change in Medieval Persia: Aspects of Administrative, Economic and Social History, 11th-14th Century." Journal of the American Oriental Society 112, no. 3 (July 1992): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/603115.

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Vasilyeva, Olga. "Early Qur’āns of Jean‑Joseph Marcel. I: Collector and His Collection." Manuscripta Orientalia. International Journal for Oriental Manuscript Research 28, no. 2 (December 2022): 92–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.31250/1238-5018-2022-28-2-92-103.

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French orientalist and printer Jean-Joseph Marcel (1776—1854) acquired a huge number of manucscripts and other artifacts during his stay in Alexandria and Cairo as a member of the Bonaparte's expedition to Egypt. The collections of Marcel were dispersed after his death, and only early Qur’an fragments survive as a single body, having been bought in 1864 by the Imperial Public Library (the National Library of Russia of today). Present article focuses on the biography and publishing activity of J.-J. Marcel as well as on the history of his collection, which consist of 130 items of the 7th—12th centuries and one of the 14th century.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Egypt – Economic history – 14th century"

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Stavrou, Athanasia. "Socio-economic conditions in 14th and 15th century Thessalonike : a new approach." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1630/.

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The thesis deals with the socio-economic conditions prevailing in the city of Thessalonikê in the 14th and 15th centuries. One of the main aims is to address certain methodological issues linked to the period of transition from the Byzantine to the Ottoman Empire. In this effort, we have employed as an analytical tool the economic theory of New Institutional Economics, which lays significant importance in the study of the institutional framework of societies. The main strands of the thesis are two: firstly, the exploration of the ideological concerns, internal conflicts and response of the Thessalonian society to the changing political environment until the final subjection of the city to the Ottoman Turks in 1430. Secondly, the behaviour of the Thessalonian elite in terms of social and economic practice through an examination of its relationship with the Athonite monasteries and the Late Byzantine state. Our ultimate goal is to shed light on the way provincial elite of Thessalonikê adapted to the political and economic conditions that prevailed in the Late Byzantine period.
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Silverman, Sarah Kelly. "The 1363 English Sumptuary Law: A comparison with Fabric Prices of the Late Fourteenth-Century." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1322596483.

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APELLANIZ, RUIZ DE GALARRETA Francisco Javier. "Pouvoir et finance en méditerranée pré-moderne : le deuxième Etat Mamelouk et le commerce des épices." Doctoral thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/6593.

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Defence date: 25 September 2006
Examining board: Prof. Anthony Molho (IUE, Directeur) ; Prof. Jean-Claude Garcin (Université d'Aix-Marseille I) ; Prof. Mercè Viladrich (Universitat de Barcelona) ; Prof. Diogo Curto (IUE)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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Books on the topic "Egypt – Economic history – 14th century"

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Women in nineteenth-century Egypt. Cairo, Egypt: American University in Cairo Press, 1986.

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Women in nineteenth-century Egypt. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]: Cambridge University Press, 1985.

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Nefertiti: Egypt's sun queen. London: Viking, 1998.

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Nefertiti: Egypt's sun queen. London: Penguin, 1999.

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Sayyid-Marsot, Afaf Lutfi. Women and men in late eighteenth-century Egypt. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1995.

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El Ghonemy, Mohamad Riad, 1924-, ed. Egypt in the twenty first century: Challenges for development. New York, NY: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003.

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Trade, reputation, and child labor in twentieth-century Egypt. New York, N.Y: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.

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Tyldesley, Joyce A. Nefertiti: Egypt's sun queen. London: Penguin, 2005.

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Englar, Mary. Nefertiti of Egypt. Mankato, Minn: Capstone, 2009.

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Lambton, Ann K. S. Continuity and change in medieval Persia: Aspects of administrative, economic, and social history, 11th-14th century. [Albany, N.Y.]: Bibliotheca Persica, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Egypt – Economic history – 14th century"

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Toledano, Ehud R. "Social and economic change in the “long nineteenth century”." In The Cambridge History of Egypt, 252–84. Cambridge University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/chol9780521472111.012.

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LANE, PAUL, and DOUGLAS JOHNSON. "The Archaeology and History of Slavery in South Sudan in the Nineteenth Century." In The Frontiers of the Ottoman World. British Academy, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264423.003.0026.

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This chapter presents a synopsis of the historical evidence concerning the expansion of slavery and the trade in ivory during the Turco-Egyptian era in the Sudan between 1820 and 1881, and a description of the results of recent and very preliminary archaeological investigations at three sites associated with this trade around the town of Rumbek in Lakes State, South Sudan. The chapter begins with a brief review of the establishment of Ottoman rule in Egypt, before moving on to consider the broader geopolitical forces that gave rise to the decision by the Egyptian Khedive, Mehmed Ali, to invade Sinnar, Kordofan and adjacent areas of northern Sudan. It then discusses the economic consequences and legal changes following the establishment of Turco-Egyptian rule that helped create the conditions for the expansion of slaving expeditions into southern Sudan and the establishment of a series of fortified camps or zaribas in these areas.
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Casson, Catherine, Mark Casson, John S. Lee, and Katie Phillips. "Legacy: Cambridge in the 14th and 15th Centuries." In Compassionate Capitalism, 317–40. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529209259.003.0007.

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Chapter 7 connects the book to work on the subsequent history of Cambridge, including that on the development of the University. It considers the extent to which trends identified in the Hundred Rolls continued into the fourteenth century. Cambridge adjusted to the decline in its agricultural trade after the Black Death by developing its service sector, linked to university education. The role of family dynasties remained significant, but the period was characterised by the growth of three key institutions – the borough corporation, the guilds, and the colleges. College property holdings increased, driven by increasing student numbers, and the colleges gradually obtained rights to the meadows adjoining the river to the west of the town. The foundation of King’s College transformed the street plan in the west of Cambridge, obliterating many ancient streets and buildings, but providing new economic opportunities to supply the academic community.
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Dawisha, Adeed. "1967 and After: The Twilight of Arab Nationalism." In Arab Nationalism in the Twentieth Century. Princeton University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691169156.003.0010.

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This chapter examines Arab nationalism after the Six Day War of June 1967, which was a seminal event in Arab contemporary history. What the Six Day War did was to irretrievably rob Arab nationalism of the crucial element of unification. While Arabs—in whatever state they lived—continued to recognize their membership in the cultural space called “the Arab world,” a recognition shared by rulers and subjects alike, they no longer truly believed in the viability of organic political unity. The Six Day War had also cost Egypt dearly in life and material. Moreover, beyond these horrendous losses, the war was responsible for many domestic and economic maladies.
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Parry, Jonathan. "Britain, Egypt, and Syria in the Heyday of Mehmet Ali." In Promised Lands, 144–73. Princeton University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691181899.003.0006.

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This chapter tracks the governance of Mehmet Ali in Egypt for over a quarter of a century before he invaded Syria in 1831–32. In Egypt, there was a lot of positive British engagement with Mehmet Ali, who seemed both a necessary and a beneficial figure. The chapter argues that it was less flamboyant than the French courting of him, but it achieved three essential British aims. First was safe travel through the country, which was crucial in reaching India—and in exploring Egyptian history. The second was a political influence: Mehmet Ali was the strongest military leader in the Ottoman Empire and a key figure in resolving the Greek crisis. The third was an economic gain for well-placed individuals. By the 1830s, there were a lot of British “Mehmetists.” Ultimately, the chapter examines a vigorous debate about Mehmet Ali's regime. It follows how the debate came to turn on whether Mehmet Ali's statist regime was suited to a potentially European space like Syria, or just to “African” Egypt.
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Easton-Calabria, Evan. "Introduction: Why Refugee Self-Reliance?" In Refugees, Self-Reliance, Development, 1–24. Bristol University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47674/9781529219111.001.

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The first chapter is available Open Access under CC-BY-NC-ND license. Evan Easton-Calabria’s critical history of refugee self-reliance assistance brings new dimensions to refugee and international development studies. The promotion of refugee self-reliance is evident today, yet its history remains largely unexplored, with good practices and longstanding issues often missed. Through archival and contemporary evidence, this book documents a century of little-known efforts to foster refugee self-reliance, including the economic, political, and social motives driving this assistance. With five case studies from Greece, Tanzania, Pakistan, Uganda, and Egypt, the book tracks refugee self-reliance as a malleable concept used to pursue ulterior interests. It reshapes understandings of refugee self-reliance and delivers important messages for contemporary policy making.
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Harris, Ron. "The Organization of India-to-Rome Trade." In Roman Law and Economics, 163–96. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787204.003.0007.

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Not much is known about the organization of the trade between Egypt and India in Roman times. Roman law is obviously well documented in surviving texts of various sorts. Trade practices in the Indian Ocean routes are sporadically known from surviving manuscripts. Actual organizational documents are practically unavailable with the rare exception of the Muziris Papyrus. The Papyrus, dated from the mid-second century CE, known also as the Vienna Papyrus, was first published in 1985. It deals with the finance and organization of trade on the route between Alexandria and Muziris in India. It adds a new dimension to our knowledge of the organizational practices of Eurasia trade in antiquity and is in fact the best source available up until the era of the Cairo Geniza, almost a millennium later. There is an ongoing debate about its nature in the papyrology literature. I will provide my own analysis of the papyrus based on legal history, economic analysis of law, and institutional economics theory. I will evaluate its nature as a loan or agency contract, as a standard form template, and as a forerunner of the sea loan and the commenda.
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Kültz, Dietmar. "The historical origins of aquaculture." In A Primer of Ecological Aquaculture, 13–32. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198850229.003.0002.

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Abstract Aquaculture developed independently several millennia ago in multiple regions of the world, driven by demand for seafood and by ornamental and religious motives. Good historical records of ancient aquaculture development exist for the Eastern Mediterranean regions of Egypt and Southern Europe, Assyria, China, Southeast Asia, and Oceania. In contrast to terrestrial species, only two aquatic species have been domesticated over many centuries: the goldfish in China and the carp in Central Europe and Eastern Asia. Development of freshwater aquaculture preceded that of mariculture. Aquaculture of catadromous fish has a much longer history than that of anadromous (fish that spawn in freshwater and mature in the ocean) species, though the latter are more commonly cultured today. There are four scenarios, referred to as oxbow, catch-and-hold, concentration, and trap-and-crop theories, that attempt to explain the transition from hunting to farming fish. Evidence exists that ancient societies practised ecologically, highly sustainable, and integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, e.g. in Hawai’i. The industrial revolution not only enabled key technological innovations that supported aquaculture development, but also greatly accelerated the unsustainable exploitation of aquatic resources. Massive transplantation of aquatic species at the dawn of the twentieth century led to the establishment of invasive species with high environmental resilience. The ‘blue revolution’ refers to a surge in aquaculture research and development during the second half of the twentieth century, which resulted in major economic growth of aquaculture businesses accompanied by growing concerns about the sustainability and ecological impacts of this new industry
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