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Ryba, Jakub. "Wspomnienia z Kołymy Kazimierza Żurawieckiego." Textus et Studia, no. 1(5) (May 9, 2017): 51–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15633/tes.02103.
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In 2010 in Rome, while the archives of the Hospice of Saint Stanislaus were enumerated and reordered, the memoires of Kazimierz Żurawiecki were found. The book entitled A Change Is Coming. Memories of Kolyma gives an account about his stay in Kolyma camps. Żurawiecki limited the scope of his memories solely to the report of his stay in Kolyma, completely leaving aside other periods. His records include valuable historical material, which is fully compliant with the factography known from other sources and studies. Many plots described by him appear also in the reports of other prisoners of Kolyma camps. Following 17th of September 1939, Lwów found itself under Soviet occupation. Żurawiecki, who was involved in the underground activity within the organization of ZWZ-2, was arrested and sentenced for 10 years of reformatory labour camps in 1940. After the transport, which had lasted a few months, Żurawiecki arrived to Kolyma in June 1941. After his stay in a transitional camp near Magadan, he ended up in a camp situated close to a gold mine. Due to the so-called “amnesty” for Polish citizens, in October 1941, Żurawiecki sailed away from the Kolyma. In the February of 1942, Żurawiecki was accepted to the 9th Infantry Division (part of the Polish army of General Anders). The fate of Żurawiecki was identical to the fates of others General Anders’ soldiers, having been led through Iran, Palestine, Iraq and Egypt to Italy to arrive in Great Britain. Żurawiecki was a member of the 3rd Carpathian Riflemen Division, created as a result of various reorganizations of this unit. The combats ended by the seizing of Bolonia on 21st of April 1945. Żurawiecki arrived to Great Britain on 1st of January 1948, after having stayed for 2 years in Rome. At the end of the 40’s, he left for Argentina and settled down in the city of Mendoza. That is where he died suddenly of a heart attack in 1962.
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Christiansen, Charles, and Renee R. Taylor. "In Memoriam: Gary Wayne Kielhofner (February 15, 1949-September 2, 2010)." OTJR: Occupation, Participation and Health 31, no. 1 (January 2011): 2–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/15394492-20101025-01x.
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Dimidjian, Sona. "“TO DO SO MUCH...” NEIL S. JACOBSON: 23 FEBRUARY 1949 – 2 JUNE 1999." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 28, no. 2 (April 2000): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465800001107.
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“Most people would welcome the chance to make a tenth of the contribution in any one area”, began Steve Hollon at Neil Jacobson's memorial service in Seattle, Washington this past June. “If you stop and think of the number of different domains to which he has made such a contribution, it really just boggles the mind. And, at the same time to be so beloved by so many people...To do so much – with such grace, with such clarity, and with so much concern and caring for family, for students, for friends – he was absolutely a marvel.”
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Cranmer, Frank. "February–May 2019." Ecclesiastical Law Journal 21, no. 3 (September 2019): 359–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x19000656.
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The Civil Partnerships, Marriages and Deaths (Registration Etc.) Bill, originally introduced by Tim Loughton MP as a private Member's bill in the Commons, received Royal Assent on 26 March and came into force two months after it was passed. Section 1 empowers the Secretary of State to amend by regulations the Marriage Act 1949 to provide for a central register of marriages in England and Wales ‘which is accessible in electronic form’. Section 2 requires the Secretary of State to amend the Civil Partnership Act 2004 so that opposite-sex couples become eligible to form a civil partnership in England and Wales – and the amending regulations must be in force no later than 31 December 2019. Section 3 requires the Secretary of State to report on whether the law should be changed to allow the registration of pregnancy losses which cannot be registered as stillbirths under the Births and Deaths Registration Act 1953 and section 4 requires the Secretary of State to make arrangements for the preparation of a report on whether, and if so how, the law should be changed to enable or require coroners to investigate stillbirths.
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Roshdy, Wael H., Ahmed Kandeil, Rabeh El-Shesheny, Mohamed K. Khalifa, Ahmed A. Al-Karmalawy, Shymaa Showky, Amel Naguib, et al. "Insight into Genetic Characteristics of Identified SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Egypt from March 2020 to May 2021." Pathogens 11, no. 8 (July 26, 2022): 834. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11080834.
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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first detected in Egypt in February 2020. Data about the prevalence rates of the SARS-CoV-2 lineages are relatively scarce. To understand the genetic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 in Egypt during several waves of the pandemic, we analyzed sequences of 1256 Egyptian SARS-CoV-2 full genomes from March 2020 to May 2021. From one wave to the next, dominant strains have been observed to be replaced by other dominant strains. We detected an emerging lineage of SARS-CoV-2 in Egypt that shares mutations with the variant of concern (VOC). The neutralizing capacity of sera collected from cases infected with C.36.3 against dominant strains detected in Egypt showed a higher cross reactivity of sera with C.36.3 compared to other strains. Using in silico tools, mutations in the spike of SARS-CoV-2 induced a difference in binding affinity to the viral receptor. The C.36 lineage is the most dominant SARS-CoV-2 lineage in Egypt, and the heterotrophic antigenicity of SARS-CoV-2 variants is asymmetric. These results highlight the value of genetic and antigenic analyses of circulating strains in regions where published sequences are limited.
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Salama, Amir H. Y. "Whose face to be saved? Mubarak’s or Egypt’s? A pragma-semantic analysis." Pragmatics and Society 5, no. 1 (May 5, 2014): 128–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ps.5.1.06sal.
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The 25th of January, 2011 witnessed a wave of political unrest all over Egypt, with repercussions that have re-shaped the future of contemporary Egypt. For the first time in the modern history of Egypt since the 1952 Nasserite revolution, grass-root protestors went to streets chanting slogans against the military regime headed by the (since then ex-) President of Egypt, Hosni Mubarak. This placed the then regime, as well as its mainstay, the National Democratic Party (NDP), in a political crisis on both local and international scales. It is this critical moment that led Mubarak to give his unprecedented speech on February 1st, 2011. The speech has brought about epoch-making political changes in the history of contemporary Egypt. Under public pressure, two seminal declarations were made in this speech: (1) Mubarak’s intention not to nominate himself for a new presidential term; (2) a call on the Houses of Parliament to amend articles 76 and 77 of the constitution concerning the conditions on running for presidency and the period for the presidential term in Egypt. The present paper seeks to answer the following overarching question: what are the discursive strategies used for saving the political face of Mubarak in his speech on February 1st, 2011? I follow a text-analytic framework based on the socio-semantic theory of social actors and the pragmatic models of speech acts and face-threatening acts. The analysis reveals Mubarak’s attempt to save his positive political face as a legitimate President who regarded himself as the official ruler invested with absolute power over Egypt.
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Roshdy, Wael H., Mohamed K. Khalifa, James Emmanuel San, Houriiyah Tegally, Eduan Wilkinson, Shymaa Showky, Darren Patrick Martin, et al. "SARS-CoV-2 Genetic Diversity and Lineage Dynamics in Egypt during the First 18 Months of the Pandemic." Viruses 14, no. 9 (August 25, 2022): 1878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14091878.
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COVID-19 was first diagnosed in Egypt on 14 February 2020. By the end of November 2021, over 333,840 cases and 18,832 deaths had been reported. As part of the national genomic surveillance, 1027 SARS-CoV-2 near whole-genomes were generated and published by the end of July 2021. Here we describe the genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Egypt over this period using a subset of 976 high-quality Egyptian genomes analyzed together with a representative set of global sequences within a phylogenetic framework. A single lineage, C.36, introduced early in the pandemic was responsible for most of the cases in Egypt. Furthermore, to remain dominant in the face of mounting immunity from previous infections and vaccinations, this lineage acquired several mutations known to confer an adaptive advantage. These results highlight the value of continuous genomic surveillance in regions where VOCs are not predominant and the need for enforcement of public health measures to prevent expansion of the existing lineages.
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Balogh, Margit. "Arrest and Сonviction of Cardinal József Mindszenty 1948–1949. Part 2. “Most pitiful prisoner of the country”." Slavic World in the Third Millennium 15, no. 3-4 (2020): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2412-6446.2020.15.3-4.04.
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As a result of the political struggle that unfolded in Hungary after the Second World War, the only independent institution remaining in the country was the Catholic Church headed by the Archbishop of Esztergom, Cardinal József Mindszenty. Part One of the article reconstructs the investigation and political process against the primate, who was arrested on charges of high treason, preparing a coup aimed at overthrowing the republican system, espionage, and currency speculation. Part Two deals with the political process and show trial of Mindszenty. The hearings began on 3 February 1949 at the Budapest People’s Court, and, on 8 February 1949, the guilty verdict was announced. The facts were so cleverly manipulated that Mindszenty’s hopes for a change in the political system in the country were qualified as a political conspiracy. The cardinal was sentenced to life imprisonment, deprivation of civil rights, and complete confiscation of property. While preparing for the court of second instance, Mindszenty put forward new projects aimed at reconciling the state and the Church. Deeply disappointed, the cardinal signed his letters “condemned”, “prisoner”, and “condemned archbishop”. The show-trial and long prison confinement only strengthened the cardinal’s faith. This article is based on documents held by the Hungarian National Archives, the Historical Archives of the State Security Services, the Esztergom Primate Archives, the Archives of Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation, the National Archives and Records Administration (USA), and others.
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Gaye, Yai-Ellen, Christopher Agbajogu, and Reida El Oakley. "COVID-19 on the Nile: Review on the Management and Outcomes of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Arab Republic of Egypt from February to August 2020." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (February 8, 2021): 1588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041588.
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As the world fights the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the World Health Organization (WHO) reports that over 17 million people globally were infected with SARS-CoV-2 as of 1 August 2020. Although infections are asymptomatic in 80% of cases, severe respiratory illness occurs in 20% of cases, requiring hospitalization and highly specialized intensive care. The WHO, under the International Health Regulations, declared this pandemic a public health emergency of international concern; it has affected nearly all health systems worldwide. The health system in Egypt, similar to many others, was severely challenged when confronted with the need for urgent and major expansion required to manage such a significant pandemic. This review uses publicly available data to provide an epidemiological summary of the COVID-19 pandemic behavior during the first wave of the outbreak in Egypt. The article covers mathematical modeling predictions, Egypt’s healthcare system, economic and social impacts of COVID-19, as well as national responses that were crucial to the initial containment of the pandemic. We observed how the government managed the outbreak by enhancing testing capacity, contact tracing, announcing public health and social measures (PHSMs), as well as allocating extra funds and human resources to contain SARS-COV-2. Prospectively, economic losses from major sources of revenues—tourism, travel, and trade—may be reflected in future timelines, as Egypt continues to control cases and loss of life from COVID-19. Overall, trends indicate that the spread of COVID-19 in Egypt was initially contained. Revalidation of prediction models and follow-up studies may reveal the aftermath of the pandemic and how well it was managed in Egypt.
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Soeriaatmadja, Raden E. "THE COASTAL CURRENT SOUTH OF JAVA." Marine Research in Indonesia 3 (May 10, 2018): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/mri.v3i0.329.
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This paper concerns investigations of the hydrography of the waters south of Java, especially of the Java Coastal Current, which have been carried out by the Institute of Marine Research at Djakarta. It is based on (1) oceanographic observations made by the research vessel "SAMUDERA" in February 1957, (2) the surface salinity data of the years 1949—1955, consisting of about 700 observations which were collected by the Institute of Marine Research at Djakarta, and (3) the surface current data obtained from the Atlas of Oceanographic and Meteorological data of the Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut.
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Jiang, Pu. "Cooperation between the USSR and China and its reflection in socio-cultural sources: historical aspect." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2022, no. 5-2 (May 1, 2022): 186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202205statyi55.
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After the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, diplomatic relations were established between China and the USSR on October 2. On February 4, 1950, China and the Soviet Union officially signed the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance - the so-called “honeymoon” of Sino-Soviet relations began. For the first time in the scientific discourse, the issues of socio-cultural cooperation between the USSR and the People’s Republic of China in the historical aspect and their impact on today’s Russian-Chinese relations are investigated in this article.
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Correll, J. C., and C. Feng. "First Report of Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinaciae Causing Downy Mildew on Spinach in Egypt." Plant Disease 98, no. 7 (July 2014): 994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-08-13-0870-pdn.
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Downy mildew, caused by Peronospora farinosa f. sp. spinaciae (= P. effusa) is an economically important disease in most areas where spinach is grown. This disease has become increasingly important in intensive production fields for pre-packaged salad mixes where plant densities typically are very high (2). However, little is known about race diversity of the downy mildew pathogen of spinach in smaller (<1 ha) production areas. Small (~0.1 ha) spinach production fields in Fayoum, Egypt, often intercropped with lettuce, were examined in February 2013. Downy mildew was observed in three spinach fields in the Fayoum area. Most of the cultivars being grown were traditional cultivars commonly grown from locally produced open pollinated seed. Disease incidence was relatively low with only about 10% of the plants showing symptoms of infection. Symptoms of downy mildew were observed on the cultivar Meky, and included chlorotic spots with blue-gray sporulation on the underside of the symptomatic leaves. Microscopic examination revealed sporangia, measuring 20.2 × 30.5 μm, and monopodial sporangiaphores of 180 to 330 μm length matching the description of P. farinosa f. sp. spinaciae (1). In addition, the pathogen was identified by examination of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence, which had 100% identity to a 762-bp ITS sequence in GenBank of P. farinosa f. sp. spinaciae (Accession No. DQ643879.1). The Fayoum area of Egypt gets relatively low annual rainfall, typically <10 to 15 cm annually, often concentrated in the winter months of November to February, followed by very hot, dry summer months. Although downy mildew of spinach has been reported in Israel, adjacent to Egypt, the disease apparently is relatively rare in the arid Middle East (3). This is the first known report of downy mildew of spinach in Egypt. References: (1) Y. Choi et al. Mycol. Res. 111:318, 2007. (2) J. C. Correll et al. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 2011. (3) T. Rayss. Palest. J. Bot. Jerusalem Ser. 1:313, 1938.
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Jurkowski, Edward. "The Aurora borealis harmony as structural design in Eduard Tubin’s ‘Northern Lights’ Piano Sonata No. 2." Les Cahiers de la Société québécoise de recherche en musique 14, no. 1 (June 6, 2013): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1016197ar.
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The Estonian Eduard Tubin’s (1905-1982) second piano sonata, subtitled the “Northern Lights Sonata,” represents a significant turning point for the composer. Written between February and October in 1950, the sonata contains attributes that become hallmarks of Tubin’s mature style—namely, a highly concentrated compositional structure, an enriched, tonally ambiguous harmonic design, and the use of cyclically repeating theme groups. The subtitle of the composition comes from Tubin himself. Specifically, he noted that the work’s opening eight-note harmony represents the programmatic depiction of the whirling flashes from the northern lights he witnessed in Stockholm during 1949. In this article, I trace the various transformations of the Aurora borealis harmony in the second piano sonata and identify its role as a vital structural element of the composition. Following a descriptive assessment of the work’s three movements, I end by identifying some fascinating relationships between the piano sonata and other works by Tubin from this time period.
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Allayeh, Abdou Kamal, Sahar Abd Al-Daim, Nehal Ahmed, Mona El-Gayar, and Ahmed Mostafa. "Isolation and Genotyping of Adenoviruses from Wastewater and Diarrheal Samples in Egypt from 2016 to 2020." Viruses 14, no. 10 (October 4, 2022): 2192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102192.
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Human adenoviruses (HAdV) are a prevalent cause of diarrhea in children all over the world. Adenoviral infections are responsible for 2% to 10% of diarrheic cases. A long-term investigation was required to gain better knowledge about the incidence of HAdV in Egypt. Herein, we conducted 5 years of detection, isolation, and genotyping of HAdV in fecal and sewage samples from 2016 to 2020, in Cairo, Egypt using molecular and cell culture assays. Human adenoviruses were identified in 35 of 447 fecal samples (7.8%), but only 53.3% (64/120) of the sewage samples. Children under the age of two had the highest positive rate for HAdV infection (77.1%). Species F of HAdV was the most common prevalent genotype in fecal and sewage samples, at 88.5% and 85.9%, respectively. The most prevalent genotypes detected in fecal samples were HAdV-41 (71.2%), HAdV-40 (17.2%), HAdV-6 (5.7%), and HAdV-1 (5.7%). In contrast, the most common genotypes in sewage samples were HAdV-41 (64%), HAdVs-40 (21.8%), HAdV-6 (7.8%), HAdV-1 (4.7%), and HAdV-2 (1.6%). HAdV was detected in all months of the year, with a peak period for clinical samples from December to February (p < 0.001), which matched Egypt’s rainy season, while the monthly distribution of HAdV in sewage samples remained consistent throughout the year, with no statistically significant peak period. Interestingly, the HAdV-type 41 genotype was the most common genotype during all of the years of this study. Throughout a 5-year period, our work revealed the infection rate, seasonal distribution, virus isolates, and genetic diversity of HAdV infections in environmental and clinical samples in Cairo, Egypt. Non-enteric adenovirus types (1, 2 and 6), as well as enteric adenovirus (41 and 40), may play a key role in gastroenteritis in Egypt.
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El-Geziry, Tarek M. "Analysis of Air Temperature Trends as a Climate Change Indicator for Alexandria (Egypt)." Athens Journal of Sciences 9, no. 4 (November 18, 2022): 239–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajs.9-4-2.
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This work provides the results of the analyzed long-term trends for three air temperature categories, namely: average (Tavg), maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) on monthly, annual and seasonal bases for Alexandria. The aim was to examine possible climate changes in this famous City based on the results obtained from the analyzed trends. The study was based on examining (1) linear regression approaches, (2) trend magnitudes, (3) Mann-Kendall trend test and (4) extreme air temperature events. The air temperature data from Alexandria International Airport station were used over a period of 65 years (1957-2021). For all analyzed time series, the results showed statistically significant positive trends. The exception was for the monthly mean Tmax during January, February and December (negative trends), and March (No trend). The H1 hypothesis prevails for the three temperature categories, on different basis. Over the period of investigation, both the annual mean Tavg and Tmin rose at a rate of +0.02 °C/yr, while annual mean Tmax rose at a rate of + 0.008°C/ yr. In winter, the annual mean Tavg and Tmin had increasing trends at a rate of +0.02 °C/yr. The winter Tmax had a feeble increasing trend (almost constant), at a rate of only +0.0003 °C/yr. In summer, the three air temperature categories increased at a rate of +0.02 °C/yr, each. Extreme air temperature times were specified in this study on all bases for the three temperature categories. The findings of this study are thought to be a reliable indicator of the presence of climate change in Alexandria. Keywords: Alexandria, air temperature, climate change, trend analysis, extremes
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Habib, M. I. "Wintering Steppe Eagle in Hurghada (Egypt) from 2016 till 2022." Raptors Conservation, no. 2 (2023): 271–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.19074/1814-8654-2023-2-271-272.
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The East African-Eurasian flyway is one of the most important routes for migratory soaring birds in the world. Each spring and autumn 37 species of migratory soaring birds navigate this flyway, with over a million birds passing through the larger bottlenecks. Soaring birds are almost entirely dependent on updrafts to sustain their migratory flight. This dictates and vastly reduces their choice of migration routes and funnels them along very narrow migration ‘corridors’. The lack of updrafts over large bodies of water prevents them from crossing seas, except at the narrowest of straits. Because of this, birds transit between Sinai and African Egypt by flying over land north of the Gulf of Suez, mostly between the town of Suez and the Great Bitter Lake. Steppe Eagle (Aquila nipalensis), which is considered endangered, is almost entirely dependent on updrafts to sustain its migration flight. This species has undergone extremely rapid population declines within its European range. The majority of its range lies outside Europe, where it was not thought to be declining at a sufficiently rapid rate to approach the threshold for Vulnerable. However, recent information suggests that the population outside Europe may be exposed to greater threats than was previously thought, and that it also has undergone very rapid declines recently. The study aims to understand the ecology of aggregations of Steppe Eagle (outside breeding range) at dumping sites along the narrow migration corridors of the flyway at the Egyptian Red Sea coast during a time after the coast had been developed for tourism. Aggregating of eight Steppe Eagles were first observed at the Hurghada garbage tip on 10 December 2019; the aggregation that winter reached its peak in February 2020, when 1000 individuals were seen, mainly adults. In December 2021, 2100 individuals were observed, and in March 2022 there were 8000 to 10000 individuals, including 130 juveniles. During visits to the Cairo bird markets on October 6, 2022, I saw 10 Steppe Eagles for sale.
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Hegazi, Esmat, W. E. Khafagi, A. Abou Zeid, Manal A. Attia, Mervat Hasaneen, Amany Abu Shall, Nagat Aly, et al. "Preliminary Evaluation of Diapause Intensity in Phytomyza orobanchia Kalt. (Diptera, Agromyzidae) in Faba Bean Vicia faba Fields in Alexandria, Egypt." Archives of Business Research 12, no. 5 (May 31, 2024): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.125.16900.
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This study was carried out to evaluate the diapause intensity in Phytomyza orobanchia Kalt. (Diptera, Agromyzidae) in faba bean fields in Alexandria, Egypt. Several visits were carried out in faba bean seasons of 2021 and 2022 during January, February, March and April (cool to warm temperature) to collect spicks from faba bean fields infested by Orobanche crenata Forsk (Orobanchaceae). The spicks were dissected under binocular microscope and inspected for Ph.orobanchia puparia. Total of 6663 and 2810 Ph.orobanchia puparia were collected throughout the 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively. Ph.orobanchia puparia were allowed hatching to evaluate diapause incidence in the fly .Monthly mean fly emergence was recorded . This fly is a short-day species with a pupal summer - winter diapause. For each faba bean season, the onset of pupal diapause was in February increases in March and reached maximum in April. Large proportion of diapausing puparia of 1year old, hatched in January, decreased gradually, reaching its minimum in April. The live pupria that did not emerge after April, were assumed to be prepupae-pupae in diapause for more longer period (2-3 years). Also, large proportion of remaining diapausing puparia were found parasitized by Tetrastichus phytomyzae (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) wasps. The emerged wasps were observed to parasitized the old unparasitized diapaused fly puparia and destroying the rearing fly culture during the two seasons. Females outnumber the males among non-diapausing flies. However, males outnumber the females for diapausing puparia hatched in March. While the sex ratio of emerged flies of diapaused puparia hatched in January, February and April was in favor of females.
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Hegazi, Esmat, W. E. Khafagi, A. Abou Zeid, Manal A. Attia, Mervat Hasaneen, Amany Abu Shall, Nagat Aly, et al. "Preliminary Evaluation of Diapause Intensity in Phytomyza orobanchia Kalt. (Diptera, Agromyzidae) in Faba Bean Vicia faba Fields in Alexandria, Egypt." Advances in Image and Video Processing 12, no. 3 (March 25, 2024): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/aivp.123.17089.
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This study was carried out to evaluate the diapause intensity in Phytomyza orobanchia Kalt. (Diptera, Agromyzidae) in faba bean fields in Alexandria, Egypt. Several visits were carried out in faba bean seasons of 2021 and 2022 during January, February, March and April (cool to warm temperature) to collect spicks from faba bean fields infested by Orobanche crenata Forsk (Orobanchaceae). The spicks were dissected under binocular microscope and inspected for Ph.orobanchia puparia. Total of 6663 and 2810 Ph.orobanchia puparia were collected throughout the 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively. Ph.orobanchia puparia were allowed hatching to evaluate diapause incidence in the fly .Monthly mean fly emergence was recorded . This fly is a short-day species with a pupal summer - winter diapause. For each faba bean season, the onset of pupal diapause was in February increases in March and reached maximum in April. Large proportion of diapausing puparia of 1year old, hatched in January, decreased gradually, reaching its minimum in April. The live pupria that did not emerge after April, were assumed to be prepupae-pupae in diapause for more longer period (2-3 years). Also, large proportion of remaining diapausing puparia were found parasitized by Tetrastichus phytomyzae (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) wasps. The emerged wasps were observed to parasitized the old unparasitized diapaused fly puparia and destroying the rearing fly culture during the two seasons. Females outnumber the males among non-diapausing flies. However, males outnumber the females for diapausing puparia hatched in March. While the sex ratio of emerged flies of diapaused puparia hatched in January, February and April was in favor of females.
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Senosy, Shaimaa A., Lamiaa Hamdy Saleh, and Heba Reda Alareed. "Exclusive breastfeeding knowledge, practices and determinants among mothers in rural areas, Egypt." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 7 (June 26, 2020): 2443. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20202963.
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Background: Objective of the study was to explore exclusive breastfeeding knowledge and practice of among mothers of children less than 2 years in rural areas in Beni-Suef governorate and factors that determine them.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in rural areas, Beni-Suef governorate over 6 months (February 2019-July 2019) using a designed well-structured questionnaire.Results: The mean breastfeeding knowledge score of enrolled mothers was 7.87±2.2 out of 15. (74.5%) of mothers recruited in this study obtained their knowledge from their mothers, families, and friends. Only 40.4% of the mothers have exclusively breastfed their children. While 57% of participants added food or fluids before 6 months and 37.6% added additional artificial feeding. Mothers’ age, education, occupation, marital status, the order of last-child, mode of delivery, place of delivery and monthly family income were independently associated with exclusive breastfeeding in univariate analysis. While in multi-variate analysis, only mothers’ age, education, occupation, marital status and breastfeeding knowledge score was associated.Conclusions: Rural women had suboptimal knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding, justifying the suboptimal practices of the mothers. Hence, it is recommended to develop interventions emphasizing practical education targeted at addressing factors that influence exclusive breastfeeding. And successful infant-feeding interventions aimed at promoting overall infant health.
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Young, Jenny. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Environmental Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. 10 No. 2." Environmental Management and Sustainable Development 10, no. 2 (May 31, 2021): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v10i2.18695.
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Environmental Management and Sustainable Development (EMSD) would like to thank the following reviewers for reviewing manuscripts from February 1, 2021, to May 1, 2021. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Many authors, regardless of whether EMSD publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Macrothink Institute appreciates the following reviewers’ rigorous and conscientious efforts for this journal. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review during this period. Adriano Magliocco, University of Genoa, ItalyChristiane do Nascimento Monte, Universidade Federal Fluminense, BrazilDaniel Garraín, Public Research Center for Energy, Environment and Technology, SpainElham Mohamed, National Research Centre, EgyptFarhaoui Mohamed, National Office of Electricity and Drinking Water, MoroccoGandhi Escajadillo Toledo, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, PeruGiacomo Chiesa, Politecnico di Torino, ItalyHayssam Mohamed Ali, King Saud University, EgyptHebin Lin, International Environmental Management Services Ltd (IEMS), USAJoão Fernando Pereira Gomes, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, PortugueseKhan R. Rahaman, Khulna University, BangladeshMona M. Amin Abdel-Fatah, National Research Center in Egypt, EgyptPankaj Maheshwari, College of Engineering, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USATateda Masafumi, Toyama Prefectural University, Japan
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Asikainen, T., and K. Mursula. "Reconnection and energetic particles at the edge of the exterior cusp." Annales Geophysicae 24, no. 7 (August 9, 2006): 1949–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-24-1949-2006.
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Abstract. In this paper we study flux transfer events (FTE) observed at the post-noon edge of the exterior cusp region by Cluster satellites. During the outbound dayside orbit on 2 February 2003, intense bursts of energetic particles were observed in close conjuction with magnetic field FTE signatures by the RAPID instrument onboard the Cluster 4. The pitch-angle distribution of the particles showed that the enhancements consist of particles flowing antiparallel to the magnetosheath field lines away from the expected reconnection site to the exterior cusp. At the same time Cluster 3 observed enhancements of energetic particles deeper in the exterior cusp with a delay of about 40 s to the Cluster 4 enhancements. The estimated maximum energy gain per particle by reconnection remains below 1 keV, thus clearly below the tens to hundreds of keV energy range observed by the RAPID instrument. These observations support the earlier statistical result of the magnetospheric origin of energetic particles in the exterior cusp. Reconnection near the exterior cusp partly releases the particles in the closed field lines of the adjacent HLPS region into the exterior cusp.
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Nabila E. Sabola, Marwa A. Shahin, Khaled A. Khader, Hanan M. Metwally, and Mervat M. Desoky. "SEXUAL NURSING CARE FOR THE POSTPARTUM PERIOD AND ITS IMPACT ON SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION AND LIFE SATISFACTION AMONG EGYPTIAN WOMEN." Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 20, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.2/art.491.
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Many couples experience postpartum period of decreasing sexual satisfaction. Postpartum sexual dysfunction is a very common and relevant clinical problem, with significant adverse effects on women's health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of sexual nursing care for the postpartum period on sexual dysfunction and life satisfaction among Egyptian women. A quasi-experimental design was used to study 219 women selected using a purposive sample. The study was conducted in out-patients maternity clinic at Zagazig university hospitals, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, between the periods from February 2019 to February 2020. Data was collected using three tools. The first: Structured interview questionnaire that consist from three parts, part one: socio demographic characteristics , part two obstetric history and part three sexual history, the second: Female Sexual dysfunction index (FSDI), and the third: Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS).Four session about sexual education was done. The Results showed an improvement in sexuality and life satisfaction after application of sexual nursing care for the postpartum period including kegel’s exercise, positioning and distractions techniques post intervention compared to pre intervention. The study concluded that sexual nursing intervention for postpartum period improve sexual functioning and create enjoyable intercourse and there was high positive correlation between sexuality and life satisfaction after implementation of the sexual nursing care intervention. The study recommended to provide counselling /training program about sexual nursing care intervention during postpartum period for nurses working in different health care settings.
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Madkour, Fedekar Fadel, Walaa Safwat Zaghloul, and Samya Hussein Mohammad. "First Geographical Record of Corymorpha bigelowi (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Corymorphidae) in the Northern Red Sea Coast of Egypt, Based on Morphological Description." International Marine Science Journal 1, no. 1 (January 29, 2019): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2643-0282.imsj-18-2514.
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The Anthomedusae species, Corymorpha bigelowi Maas, 1905 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Corymorphidae), was recorded in the northern Red Sea fauna, representing it "first invasion" in Egypt. A fact proven by past studies that this species is endemic in the Indo-Pacific region, which is mainly located in southern coast of Japan and Indian Ocean. The specimens were collected from an area located off Hurghada city, and between latitudes 27° 14.427ˊ and 27° 10.816ˊ N, and longitudes 33° 51.085ˊ and 33° 51.603ˊ E using plankton net (350 µm mesh). In total, six mature medausae of C. bigelowi were caught in December 2014 and February 2015 (4 and 2 medusae, respectively). Following this, the captured species medusa of C. bigelowi was photographed and morphological characteristics described in details. As well as, further discussions of biogeographical distribution and morphological speciation of the present species were provided. This work makes a noteworthy contribution to clarify the migration route of C. bigelowi from southern Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea.
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Ahmed, Marwa Mostafa, Samar Fares, Asmaa Ahmed Sayed, Inas Talat ElSayed, and Saeed S. A. Soliman. "House Officers’ Choice of Family Medicine Specialty amid the Implementation of the New Universal Health Insurance Law." Journal of Primary Care & Community Health 12 (January 2021): 215013272110189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21501327211018940.
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Background The new Egyptian Universal Health Insurance Law is introduced through family-oriented primary health care. Increasing the number of recent graduates who specialized in family medicine is considered a national need to overcome family physicians’ shortage. Aim To explore the factors affecting the house officers’ choice of Family Medicine as a future career amid the implementation of the new Universal Health Insurance Law in Egypt. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted on house officers during their training in Cairo university hospitals from the first of March 2020 to February 2021. The researchers offered an anonymous self-administered questionnaire to all house officers at the beginning of their 2-week family medicine training (1170 house officers). Results A total of 1052 completed the questionnaire (response rate 90%). Family medicine as a specialty was considered by 53.6% (n = 564) of participants, while only 23.4% (n = 246) of participants had an obvious intention to choose family medicine. Multivariate (adjusted) logistic regression model revealed that factors significantly associated with intention to choose family medicine were marital status, knowledge about governmental advantages for family medicine offered to the specialized recent graduates, and previously encountered with family practice as customers. Conclusions The choice of family medicine specialty is increasing among house officers. This could be attributed to the growing interest in family medicine in Egypt, especially after implementing the new insurance law’s first phase in several Egyptian governorates.
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El-Badry, Ashraf Mohammad, and Mohamed Mahmoud Ali. "Combined liver-visceral resection for neoplastic lesions correlates with increased postoperative complications." International Surgery Journal 7, no. 5 (April 23, 2020): 1335. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20201843.
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Background: Combined liver-visceral resections (CLVRs) may impose increased risk of postoperative complications. The clinical outcome of CLVRs versus sole liver resection (SLR) has not been adequately reported from upper Egypt cancer surgery programs.Methods: Medical records of adult non-cirrhotic patients who electively underwent liver resection from February 2015 to April 2018 at Sohag University Hospital, Egypt, were retrospectively reviewed. Indications for liver resection comprised definitively malignant tumors and those with equivocal radiologic features. The severity of surgical complications, including mortality, was compared among patients who underwent CLVRs versus SLR control group with matching age, gender, number of resected liver segments, method of hepatic inflow occlusion and parenchyma transection techniques.Results: Twenty-six patients were enrolled, including 13 with CLVRs group and their 13 SLR control group. Histopathologic examination of resected specimens confirmed malignancy in 17 patients (10 in CLVR group and 7 in SLR group). Major liver resection (≥3 segments) was carried out in 14 (54%) patients, 7 per each group. The complication score was significantly higher in CLVRs (p<0.05). Similarly, the length of hospital and intensive care unit stays was significantly prolonged in CLVRs group (p<0.05). Overall, 2 patients died (8%), exclusively in the CLVRs. Elderly patients (>65 years) who underwent CLVRs exhibited increased complications compared with their matching controls.Conclusions: CLVR predisposes to increased morbidity rates and mortality. It should be carried out in carefully selected patients to avoid worse clinical outcome.
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Aboeldahab, Soha, Sarah El-Sayed Mohammed, Mohammed A. El-Hamd, and Ramadan Saleh. "Study of the epidemiologic characteristics of childhood vitiligo in Egyptian children." Egyptian Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 43, no. 3 (August 25, 2023): 186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ejdv.ejdv_1_23.
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Background Vitiligo during childhood is common. Pediatric vitiligo has a profound effect on the quality of life of both children and their parents. Aims and objectives To investigate the epidemiologic characteristics of vitiligo among Egyptian children. Patients and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted and included children of both sexes from birth to less than 18 years of age. The study included schools and maternity and childhood care centers in Sohag Governorate, Upper Egypt, during the period from March 2019 to February 2020. Complete demographic and clinical information of children with vitiligo were recorded. Dermatological examination of patients with vitiligo was done. Vitiligo area and severity index of patients was calculated. Results Of 2594 screened children, 18 (0.7%) had vitiligo. The median age of children with vitiligo was 12 (2–17) years. The age interval from 13 to less than 18 years accounted for 44.4% of vitiligo cases. Females cases of vitiligo were more prevalent (61.1%). Overall, 72.2% of patients with vitiligo were resident of rural areas. Of the 18 cases with childhood vitiligo, 83.3% of cases had a history of consanguineous marriage and 66.5% had vitiligo vulgaris. A proportion of cases related the exacerbation of the disease to exposure to psychological stress. Conclusions Childhood vitiligo was detected in 0.7% of pediatric population in Upper Egypt. The majority of cases with childhood vitiligo had a history a consanguineous marriage between the parents. Psychic trauma was identified as a potential exacerbating factor of childhood vitiligo.
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Hafez, E. E., A. A. Abdelkhalek, A. A. El-Morsi, and O. A. El-Shahaby. "First Report of Iris yellow spot virus Infection of Garlic and Egyptian Leek in Egypt." Plant Disease 96, no. 4 (April 2012): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-10-11-0902.
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Egyptian leek (Allium ampeloprasum), garlic (A. sativum), and onion (A. cepa) are key vegetables produced by small- and large-scale farmers in Egypt for national and international markets. Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV; family Bunyaviridae, genus Tospovirus) is an economically important viral pathogen of bulb and seed onion crops in many onion-growing areas of the world (1,3). During February and March of 2011, symptoms of spindle-shaped, straw-colored, irregular lesions with occasional green islands were observed on onion, garlic, and Egyptian leek cultivated on large and small farms in Dakahlia, Gharbia, Kalubia, Menofia, Qena, and Assiut governorates in Egypt. The presence of IYSV was confirmed by specific double antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA Flash Kits (Agdia Inc., Elkhart, IN) (2). A survey was carried out by collecting 100 plant samples (10 asymptomatic and 90 symptomatic) of each plant species from fields in the governorates of Dakahlia, Gharbia, Kalubia, Menofia, Qena, and Assiute and testing the plants using DAS-ELISA. For onion and garlic, 45% of the symptomatic samples and 0% of the asymptomatic plants tested positive. For leek, 34% of the symptomatic samples tested positive and 0% of the asymptomatic samples. ELISA-positive samples were tested using a reverse transcription (RT)-PCR assay with primers specific to the S RNA of IYSV (forward primer 5′-TAAAACAAACATTCAAACAA-3′ and reverse primer 5′-CTCTTAAACACATTTAACAAGCAC-3′) (2). Amplicons of approximately 1,100 bp were obtained from all symptomatic samples that were ELISA positive, but none of the asymptomatic plants nor the sterile water control sample produced PCR amplicons. The amplicons were cloned (at least three clones per plant species) using the TOPO TA Cloning Kit (Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY), and sequenced. The Egyptian onion IYSV isolate (GenBank No. JN541273) had the greatest nucleotide sequence identity (86%) with the corresponding S RNA region of IYSV isolates from India (GenBank Nos. EU310290, EU310284, and EU310276). The Egyptian garlic IYSV isolate (GenBank No. JN541275) showed the strongest identity (93%) with that of a Sri Lankan IYSV isolate (GenBank No. GU901211). The Egyptian leek IYSV isolate (GenBank No. JN541274) exhibited 91% sequence identity with that of the same Sri Lankan isolate (No. GU901211). To our knowledge, this is the first report of IYSV infecting garlic and Egyptian leek in Egypt. IYSV infection of onion was reported previously from the agricultural farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza (4), but to our knowledge, this is the first report of natural infection by the virus in commercial onion production in Egypt. Further surveys and monitoring of IYSV incidence and distribution in the entire Egyptian governorate are under investigation. References: (1) D. H. Gent et al. Plant Dis. 88:446, 2004. (2) H. R. Pappu et al. Arch. Virol. 151:1015, 2006. (3) H. R. Pappu et al. Virus Res. 141:219, 2009. (4) A. Manal et al. Egypt. J. Virol. 3:49, 2006.
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Legese Feyisa, Habtamu, and Frezer Tilahun Tefera. "The Validity of Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Approach to Forecast the Spread of COVID-19 Pandemic in Africa." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2022 (September 30, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2211512.
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Africa’s first COVID-19 case was recorded in Egypt on February 14, 2020. Although it is not as expected by the World Health Organization (WHO) and other international organizations, currently a large number of Africans are getting infected by the virus. In this work, we studied the trend of the COVID-19 outbreak generally in Africa as a continent and in the five African regions separately. The study also investigated the validity of the ARIMA approach to forecast the spread of COVID-19 in Africa. The data of daily confirmed new COVID-19 cases from February 15 to October 16, 2020, were collected from the official website of Our World in Data to construct the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model and to predict the trend of the daily confirmed cases through STATA 13 and EViews 9 software. The model used for our ARIMA estimation and prediction was (3, 1, 4) for Africa as a continent, ARIMA (3, 1, 3) for East Africa, ARIMA (2, 1, 3) for West Africa, ARIMA (2, 1, 3) for Central Africa, ARIMA (1, 1, 4) for North Africa, and ARIMA (4, 1, 5) for Southern Africa. Finally, the forecasted values were compared with the actual number of COVID-19 cases in the region. At the African level, the ARIMA model forecasted values and the actual data have similar signs with slightly different sizes, and there were some deviations at the subregional level. However, given the uncertain nature of the current COVID-19 pandemic, it is helpful to forecast the future trend of such pandemics by employing the ARIMA model.
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Koterov, A. N., L. N. Ushenkova, I. G. Dibirgadzhiev, M. V. Kalinina, and A. P. Biryukov. "The First Radioprotectors: For in vivo Experiments the Official Historical Milestone is Postponed by Six Years." MEDICAL RADIOLOGY AND RADIATION SAFETY 68, no. 2 (March 2023): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33266/1024-6177-2023-68-2-53-59.
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Historical essays in monographs, in reviews and in the introductions of experimental works on theme of the first studies of radioprotectors are considered. It was found that such studies began to be carried out only during the development and use of atomic weapons, but not during the previous order of 40 years of radiotherapy (with the exception of the effect of hypoxia as such, and not caused by drugs). In most publications, the work of Patt H.M. et al., 1949 on the cysteine action (USA) is called as pioneer research, what is not quite right (it is only right for thiol compounds). A paper by Joseph Maisin (Belgium) in the journal ‘Acta Biologica Belgica’ which published only in 1941–1943 in the occupied Brussels, should be considered as a real milestone for animal experiments (Vol. III–IV. P. 117). In this study, referenced only in a single work (Bacq Z.M. et al., 1951), the radioprotective effect of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) was demonstrated in rodents. In the same year, the radioprotective effect of estrogens was shown in mice (Treadwelal A. DEG. et al., February 1943). A brief summary of the stages of radioprotective agents study is presented, starting from 1942 (W.M. Dale et al.; protection of the enzyme in solution) and up to the 1954, when all the main classes of radioprotectors were discovered and the corresponding mechanisms of effects were proposed.
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Petraitytė-Briedienė, Asta. "History of One Document from the US National Archives: Memorandum of Conversation of the US Department of State." Knygotyra 74 (July 9, 2020): 123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/knygotyra.2020.74.48.
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The article briefly presents the US National Archives, where a number of documents important for the history of the Lithuanian diplomacy, as well as a document significant for the history of the Lithuanian diaspora and its political organizations, are preserved. One of them is Memorandum of Conversation dated 2 February 1949 and prepared by John D. Hickerson, an official of the US Department of State. It extensively describes his meeting and conversations with members of the Supreme Committee for the Liberation of Lithuania, the Prelate Mykolas Krupavičius and Vaclovas Sidzikauskas, who for the first time visited the US and were accompanied to the meeting by the then Lithuanian Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary Povilas Žadeikis. Memorandum of Conversation is introduced into scientific circulation through methods of archival document monitoring and case analysis, as well as additional tools (such as periodicals and memoirs, archival documents) and based on the principles of document publication. The document published for the first time, as a primary source, supplements the data of Lithuanian historiography, gives a broader content to the known fact, reinforces the scientific research base on the history of Lithuanian diplomacy, the history of the Lithuanian diaspora’s political organizations and separately – the history of Lithuanian-the US bilateral diplomatic relations.
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Szubin, Zvi Henri, and Bezalel Porten. "The Status of a Repudiated Spouse: A New Interpretation of Kraeling 7 (TADB3.8)." Israel Law Review 35, no. 1 (2001): 46–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700012085.
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The longest Elephantine contract is the “document of wifehood” (spr ʾntw) drawn up between Ananiah son of Haggai and Zaccur son of Meshullam. Numbering forty-five lines and measuring 30 cm wide by 92 cm high, it had been cut apart at the time of acquisition and was painstakingly put together, like a jigsaw puzzle, over a long period of time and in stages, both in 1949 by Anthony Giambalvo of the Department of Egyptian Art of the Brooklyn Museum and almost forty years later, in February, 1987, by Porten and Ada Yardeni. It was first published by Emil G. Kraeling in 1953 and then in 1989 by Porten and Yardeni with handcopy. The contract stipulated the terms, rights and obligations, and pecuniary consequences attendant upon the marriage of Ananiah to Jehoishma daughter of Anani son of Azariah and his wife Tamet (TADB3.4:18), formerly handmaiden of Meshullam father of Zaccur (TADB3.3:3, 3.6:2-4). As successor to Meshullam's estate, Zaccur possessed residual rights to Jehoishma and her mother Tamet (TADB3.6:11-15). Since Zaccur provided the dowry and relinquished some of his rights to Jehoishma, it is with him and not with Jehoishma's natural father (Anani son of Azariah) that the contract was drawn up.
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Shaheen, Mohamed N. F., Sahar E. Abd Al-Daim, Nehal I. Ahmed, Mohamed K. Khalifa, Wael H. R. Seif, Shymaa S. Ahmed, Mohamed Shemis, et al. "Prevalence and molecular characterization of rotavirus strains circulating among children with gastroenteritis in Egypt." Egyptian Pharmaceutical Journal 23, no. 2 (April 2024): 223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/epj.epj_326_23.
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Background and objectives Human rotavirus (RV) is the main cause of diarrheal disease among children younger than 5 years old, worldwide. The aim of the current study was to investigate the prevalence of RV infections and the genotype distribution of RV in Egypt. Materials and methods A total of 642 fecal samples were collected from children younger than 5 years of age, suffering from acute diarrhea and attending ten regional public hospitals (n=585) and five private clinics (n=57) located in 6 Egyptian cities between February and June 2021. All samples were screened by immunochromatographic assay to determine RV prevalence. Then RV-positive samples were further subjected for detection of G (VP7) and P (VP4) genotypes by seminested multiplex real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results Out of the 642 children, RV was detected in 268 (41.7%). Inpatients were more likely to be RV-positive (43.2%) than outpatients (26.3%) and most of the positive samples 215/268 (80.2%) were found in children less than 1 year of age. RV infections were more common in males than females (65.3% vs. 34.7%). The VP7 predominant G type was G3 (31.3%), followed by G8 (20.5%), G1 (7%), mixed G infections (6.3%), G2 (1.9%), G9 (1.9%), G4 (1.5%), and G10 (0.4%). The VP4 predominant P type was P[8] (53.7%), followed by P[4] (16%), P[6] (9.3%), P[9] (6.3%), P[11] (4.5%), P[10] (2.6%), and mixed P infections (1.9%). The dominant VP7/VP4 combination was G3P[8] (24.2%), G8P[8] (10%), G8P[4] (5.2%), G1P[8] (4.5%), G8P[6] (3.3%), and G3P[4] (2.2%). Several other combinations were also identified with detection rates less than 2% of positive RV samples. Mixed genotype combinations and partially typed strains were detected in 31.7% and 7.5%, respectively. Conclusion This study highlights the necessity for continuous epidemiology and surveillance of RVA infection to improve our control and management of RVA infection. Furthermore, due to the lack of a national anti-RV vaccination program, RV remains the main causative agent for acute gastroenteritis in Egyptian children. Therefore, it is important to introduce RV vaccine into the national immunization program in Egypt free of charge to all infants to reduce the burden of RV gastroenteritis.
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El-Sheikh, Nabila, Nahla O. Mousa, Amany M. Tawfeik, Alaa M. Saleh, Iman Elshikh, Mohamed Deyab, Faten Ragheb, et al. "Assessment of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Risk Factors in Egyptian Women With Breast Cancer." Breast Cancer: Basic and Clinical Research 15 (January 2021): 117822342199627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178223421996279.
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Numerous risk factors for breast cancer (BC) have been identified. High-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) is the etiological agent of cervical cancer and in some cases of head and neck cancer, specifically oropharyngeal cancer, but the role of HR-HPV in evoking neoplasia in BC is still unclear. In this study, all women above the age of 18 visiting the oncology clinic at Al-Azhar university hospital and Ain Shams specialized hospital between the period of February 2017 and March 2018 were invited to participate. We determined the prevalence of HR-HPV genotypes 16, 18, and 31 in breast tissue samples from 72 women with treatment-naïve BC and 15 women with benign breast lesions (BBL) by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and primer sets targeting the E6 and E7 regions. High-risk human papilloma virus DNA was detected in 16 of 72 (22.2%) BC cases (viral load range = 0.3-237.8 copies/uL) and 0 of 15 women with BBL. High-risk human papilloma virus was detected in 14 of 16 (87.5%), 2 of 16 (12.5%), and 0 of 16 (0%) for genotypes 16, 18, and 31, respectively. Forty-three age-matched healthy Egyptian women were enrolled as controls for assessment of local risk factors that can be used to initiate a strategy of BC prevention in Egypt. Assessment of the risk factors demonstrated that low education level, passive smoking, lack of physical activity, family history of cancer, and use of oral contraception were significant risk factors for BC. In conclusion, our results lead us to postulate that HR-HPV infection may be implicated in the development of some types of BC in Egyptian women. In addition, identification of local risk factors can support practical prevention strategies for BC in Egypt.
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Inoue, Tsuyoshi, Yoko Sugawara, Atsushi Nakagawa, and Masaki Takata. "Japanese Crystallography in Culture and Art." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (August 5, 2014): C1304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314086951.
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"We can find many seeds of crystallography in Japanese culture. Most of the family crests have symmetry elements such as rotation axes and mirror symmetry elements. Sekka-zue, a picture book of 86 kinds of crystals of snow, was made by Toshitura Doi, who is a feudal lord in Edo-period and he observed snow using a microscope in nineteenth century. In recent years, people enjoy to make crystal structures, polyhedrons, carbon nanotube, quasicrystal etc. by origami, the art of folding paper [1]. In the field of science, the Japanese crystallography has contributed to explore culture and art. An excellent example is unveiling the original color of Japanese painting "Red and White Plum Blossoms" by Korin Ogata [2]. Prof. Izumi Nakai (Tokyo University of Science) developed an X-ray fluorescence analyzer and an X-ray powder diffractometer designated to the investigation of cultural and art works and had succeeded in reproducing the silver-colored waves through computer graphics after X-ray analyses of crystals on the painting. The scientific approach by Prof. Nakai et al. unveiled the mystery of cultural heritage of ancient near east, ancient Egypt etc. and is being to contribute to insight into the history of human culture. [1] An event to enjoy making crystals by origami is under contemplation. [2] The symposium ""Crystallography which revives heritages"" was held on February 16, 2014 at Atami in Japan."
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JPT staff, _. "E&P Notes (February 2022)." Journal of Petroleum Technology 74, no. 02 (February 1, 2022): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0222-0017-jpt.
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Shell Signs Concession for Oman Block 10 Shell, along with its partners OQ and Marsa Liquefied Natural Gas LLC (a joint venture between TotalEnergies and OQ), have signed a concession agreement with the Ministry of Energy and Minerals on behalf of the government of the Sultanate of Oman to develop and produce natural gas from Block 10. The parties also signed a separate gas sales agreement for gas produced from the block. The two agreements follow an interim upstream agreement signed in February 2019. The concession agreement establishes Shell as the operator of Block 10, holding a 53.45% working interest, with OQ and Marsa LNG holding 13.36% and 33.19%, respectively. For the initial phase, Petroleum Development Oman (PDO) is building the infrastructure for the project, including the main pipeline to the Saih Rawl gas processing facility, on behalf of the Block 10 venture partners. The venture will drill and hook up wells to maintain the production beyond the initial phase. The block is expected to reach production of 0.5 Bcf/D. Startup is expected within the next 2 years. In addition, Shell and Energy Development Oman (EDO) signed an agreement to process the natural gas from Block 10 in EDO’s Saih Rawl facility. Shell and the government have agreed that, in parallel to the development of Block 10, Shell will develop options for a separate downstream gas project in which Shell could produce and sell low-carbon products and support the development of hydrogen in Oman. Equinor Encounters Oil at Toppand Equinor has discovered oil in the Troll and Fram area in exploration wells 35/10-7 S and 35/10-7 A in the Toppand prospect. Preliminary calculations indicate between 21 million and 33 million BOE of recoverable reserves. Well 35/10-7 S encountered an oil column of around 75 m in the lower part of the Ness formation and in the Etive formation. There were also traces of hydrocarbons in the shale- and coal-dominated upper part of the Brent Group. A total of around 68 m of effective sandstone reservoir of good to very good reservoir quality was encountered in the Ness and Etive formations combined. Exploration well 35/10-7 A encountered a 60-m oil-filled sandstone-dominated interval in the lower part of the Ness formation and in the Etive formation. A total of around 67 m of effective sandstone reservoir of good to moderate quality were encountered in the Ness and Etive formations combined. Geir Sørtveit, senior vice president for exploration and production west operations for Equinor, said, “We are pleased to see that our success in the Troll- and Fram area continues. We also regard this discovery to be commercially viable and will consider tying it to the Troll B or Troll C platform. Such discoveries close to existing infrastructure are characterized by high profitability, a short payback period, and low CO2 emissions.” These wells are the second and third exploration wells in Production License 630. The license was awarded in the 2011 Award in Predefined Areas. The wells were drilled around 8 km west of the Fram field and 140 km northwest of Bergen. Equinor holds a 50% stake and operates Toppand. Partner Wellesley holds the remaining 50% interest. Petrobras Sells Polo Carmópolis Stake to Carmo Petrobras has signed a deal to sell its stake in the onshore Polo Carmópolis area to Carmo Energy for $1.1 billion. The operator said $275 million would be paid up front, another $550 million when the deal closes, and a further $275 million 1 year after closure of the deal, which still needs regulatory approval. The Polo Carmópolis area comprises 11 onshore concessions in the state of Sergipe. Petrobras said in a statement that it is increasingly concentrating its resources on deep and ultradeepwater assets, where it has shown a competitive edge over the years, producing better-quality oil and with lower greenhouse-gas emissions. The Carmópolis Cluster recorded an average production of 7,600 BOPD and 43,000 m3/D of gas from January to November 2021. Eni, EGPC in $1-Billion Pact To Explore Gulf of Suez, Niger Delta Egyptian General Petroleum Corp. (EGPC) has signed an agreement with Italian energy group Eni for oil exploration in the Gulf of Suez and Nile Delta regions. The deal is valued at no less than $1 billion of investments, the petroleum ministry said in late December. The agreement also included a commitment from Eni to additionally spend “not less than $20 million” to drill four wells, the ministry added in a statement. The deal comes as part of the ministry’s strategy to increase production rates and to attempt to offset the natural decline of wells by using the latest technologies in oil-producing areas. Last October, Eni announced three new discoveries in the Meleiha and South West Meleiha concessions in the Western Desert. Eni has been operating in Egypt since 1954 with a current production of about 360,000 BOED. Chevron Transfers Stake in Suriname Block 5 to Shell Chevron has transferred one-third of its 60% equity interest in an offshore Suriname block for which it has a production-sharing agreement to a unit of Royal Dutch Shell, Suriname’s state oil company confirmed. Paradise Oil Company, a subsidiary of Suriname’s state-run Staatsolie, retains its 40% stake in the Block 5 venture as a nonexecutive partner, according to the farmout contract. Staatsolie and Chevron signed a production-sharing contract last October for Block 5, which covers an area of 2235 km2. The deal marked the first time that Staatsolie will participate as a partner in offshore activities. Equinor Increases Ownership in the Statfjord Field Equinor has entered into an agreement to acquire all of Spirit Energy’s production licenses in the Statfjord area which spreads across the Norwegian and UK continental shelves and are developed by three integrated production platforms (Statfjord A, B, C). All licenses are operated by Equinor. Equinor will pay $50 million, plus a contingent payment linked to commodity prices for the period between October 2021 to December 2022. The transaction has a commercial effective date from 1 January 2021, which is expected to result in a net payment to Equinor at closing. Spirit Energy’s daily production from the Statfjord area in the third quarter of 2021 was around 21,000 BOED. The transaction is part of a larger deal including Spirit Energy’s shareholders, Centrica Plc and Stadtwerke München, who are exiting their portfolio in Norway and selling their assets to Sval Energi. The sale to Sval Energi includes all assets with the exclusion of Statfjord. Statfjord marked its 40th year of production in 2019. One of the earliest oil fields on the Norwegian Continental Shelf, it has produced 5.1 billion BOE. Equinor has recently launched a plan to extend the life of the field toward 2040. The closing of the transaction is subject to certain conditions, including customary government approval, and is expected to be completed by the first half of 2022. Shell Hits Oil at Blacktip North in US GOM Shell has struck oil at the Blacktip North prospect located in the Alaminos Canyon block 336 in the deepwater US Gulf of Mexico. The Blacktip North well encountered about 300 ft net oil pay at multiple levels. The well was drilled to a total depth of 27,770 ft by Transocean drillship Deepwater Poseidon. Blacktip North is about 30 miles northeast of the Whale discovery, 4.5 miles northeast of the 2019 Blacktip discovery, and 42 miles from the Perdido spar hub platform. Shell operates the Blacktip North prospect with an 89.49% interest. Spain’s Repsol holds the remaining 10.51% stake. Petrobras Plans Equatorial Margin Drilling Program Petrobras is preparing to drill the first of 14 planned wells at South America’s new deepwater frontier, the Equatorial Margin at its Northern maritime border, a company executive told the World Petroleum Congress in December. Petrobras plans to invest $2 billion in exploration at the Equatorial Margin through 2026, Reservoir Executive Manager Tiago Homem said. The company estimates an overall investment of $2.5 billion in seismic activities over the same period. CLOV Tieback Goes Onstream Offshore Angola TotalEnergies, operator of Block 17 in Angola, has begun production from the CLOV Phase 2 project, connecting to the existing CLOV FPSO. The tieback project is expected to reach a production of 40,000 BOED in mid-2022. Located about 140 km from the Angolan coast, in water depths from 1100 to 1400 m, the CLOV Phase 2 resources are estimated at around 55 million BOE. Block 17 is operated by TotalEnergies with a 38% stake, Equinor (22.16%), ExxonMobil (19%), BP Exploration Angola Ltd. (15.84%), and Sonangol P&P (5%). The contractor group operates four FPSOs in the main production areas of the block: Girassol, Dalia, Pazflor, and CLOV. Canacol Strikes Gas With Siku-1 in Colombia Canacol Energy’s Siku-1 exploration well encountered 33 ft true vertical depth of net gas pay with an average porosity of 20% within the primary Cienaga de Oro sandstone reservoir target. The company has completed casing the well and will return with a workover rig in early 2022 to complete and tie the well into permanent production. The well was drilled to a total depth of 8,825 ft. The rig was mobilized to drill the Clarinete-6 development well, which reached a total depth of 7,478 ft measured depth and encountered 174 ft true vertical depth of net gas pay. The well was tied into the Clarinete production manifold and has been placed on permanent production. Next up for the rig is the Toronja-2 development well, which is targeting gas-bearing sandstones within the Porquero sandstone reservoir. Following the completion of that well, the rig will be mobilized to spud the Carambolo-1 exploration well, expected in the second half of February. The well is expected to take 5 weeks to drill and complete.
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Heger, Martin. "Von der Konstitutionalisierung von Nulla poena, nullum crimen sine lege in Art. 116 WRV (1919) zu dessen Umkehrung in ein Nullum crimen sine poenadurch das NS-Regime." Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica 20, no. 2 (2021): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/mhi.2021.20.02.01.
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The principle of Legality (nullum crimen, nulla poena sine lege) is the most fundamental principle of German criminal code since it was codified in the Bavarian Criminal Code 1813 for the first time. With the Foundation of the German Empire in 1871 it became an integral part of the new German Penal Code Reichsstrafgesetzbuch). It was constitutionalized in 1919 as a fundamental right with Art. 116 of the Weimar Constitution. It was unchallenged till the Nazi regime came to power. Not within the Empowerment Act but with other legal measures resulting from the burning of the Parliament (”Reichstagsbrand”) on 28 February 1933 till 1935 on, the Nazi regime changed the principle step by step from nullum crimen, nulla poena sine lege to nullum crimen sine poena. They made Analogy in disfavor of the accused person possible and they stated criminal offences with retroactivity. Unfortunately, the Supreme Court of Justice (Reichsgericht) accepted the new provisions and used it as a basis for its sentences. After WW II the allies nullified the Nazi provisions. With Art. 103 § 2 of the new (West-)German constitution from 1949 nulla poena sine lege has been constitutionalized again. The Paper deals with that development with a special focus on the role of the Reichsgericht as the highest body of judges, who were trained in the times before the Nazis came to power.
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Reynolds, MP, M. Balota, MIB Delgado, I. Amani, and RA Fischer. "Physiological and Morphological Traits Associated With Spring Wheat Yield Under Hot, Irrigated Conditions." Functional Plant Biology 21, no. 6 (1994): 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9940717.
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Sixteen spring wheat genotypes were grown under hot, irrigated, low latitude conditions, during the 1990-1991 and 1991-1992 winter cropping cycles in Mexico, Egypt, India and the Sudan, and in the 1990 and 1991 winter cycles in Brazil. The genotypes were chosen to represent a range of genetlc diversity within modem wheat varieties. In addition to grain yield, in Mexico a number of morphological and physiological traits were measured throughout the growing season on two sowing dates (December and February), to evaluate their correlation with yield in the other countries. The morphological traits - above-ground biomass at maturity, grains m-2, days to anthesis and days to maturity - measured on both sowing dates in Mexico showed generally significant correlations with yields measured at the other sites. Moreover, ground-cover estimates early in establishment, and at anthesis, also showed some association with performance at these sites, but only when measured on the hotter, February sowing date in Mexico. Membrane thermostability (MT), measured on field-acclimated flag leaves showed generally significant correlations with performance at all sites, and with MT measurements made on heat- acclimated seedlings of the same genotypes grown in growth chambers. Flag-leaf photosynthesis measured at booting, anthesis and during grain filling on both sowing dates, was generally significantly correlated with grain yield at all sites, as was rate of loss of leaf chlorophyll content during grain filling. Stomatal conductance was also significantly correlated with performance at all three stages. Canopy temperature depression (CTD) measured with an infrared thermometer was significantly positively correlated with performance at the international sites when measured between 1200 and 1600 hours, after full canopy establishment. The correlation of CTD with yield was not affected by the irrigation status of the crop under well-watered conditions. The possible use of these traits in selection for yield under hot conditions is discussed.
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Mansour, Nadine, Nargis Labib, Mohamed Khalil, and Shereen Esmat. "Brief Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Patients with Comorbid Depression and Type 2 Diabetes in an Urban Primary Care Facility: Randomized Controlled Trial." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 10, E (January 3, 2022): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.7883.
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Background: The relation between depression and diabetes is bidirectional and both can lead to morbidity and mortality. Despite the success of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in managing psychiatric comorbidities, research on its use in the treatment of comorbid diabetes and depression is limited and with varying results. The aim of the study is to assess the efficacy of CBT on depressed patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at an urban primary healthcare center in Egypt from February 2019 to March 2020 and included 80 participants. Key inclusion criteria were uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (T2D) (HbA1c >7.5%) and depression symptoms diagnosed by Beck’s Depression Index. Participants were assessed for all battery of instruments. Subsequently, participants were randomized to control and treatment groups. The treatment group received four CBT sessions. Both groups received a thirty-minute structured diabetes education and their usual diabetes treatment. Three months later, all participants were reassessed for depression and diabetes compliance and all labs were performed post intervention. Both the primary (the difference in HbA1c pre-post intervention) and secondary outcomes (the change in depressive symptoms assessed) were analyzed using ANCOVA.
Results: Both groups were matching at baseline. Post intervention, the CBT group revealed a significant reduction in depressive symptoms while adjusting for Beck Depression Index (BDI) pre-intervention [F (1, 74) = 7.074, p = 0.010]. Moreover, HBA1c was improved significantly when controlling for pre-intervention BDI scores and BMI [F (1,73) = 4.27, p = 0.042] compared to the control group.
Conclusions: The CBT program was both inexpensive and easily accessible. It could fit very well in primary care settings. The results indicated CBT intervention was effective in improving diabetes control and depression. However, a larger-scale study to test its effect on a larger scale population and its long-term impact is recommended.
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Rami Ali Eleiba, Bassem Elfeki, Khalid Ahmed Ismail, and Safwat Adel Hegazy. "A clinical score for predicting complications following breast reduction." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 73, no. 4 (May 25, 2023): S82—S86. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.egy-s4-18.
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Objective: To establish a clinical score for morbidity prediction based on patient-related risk factors after breast reduction surgery.Method: The retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kafrelsheikh University Hospital, Egypt, and comprised data of female patients with bilateral macromastia who underwent breast reduction, using the inferior pedicle inverted T technique between February 2019 and June 2020. After data retrieval, risk factors and complications were documented and related to the patients’ risk factors Data was analysed using SPSS 20.Results: Of the 30 cases, 20(66.7%) were aged ≧35 years, 16(53.3%) had body mass index ≧37kg/m2 and 27(90%) were non-smokers. The mean preoperative haemoglobin level was 12.15±1.115g/dL and the mean weight of tissue resected on both sides was 2074.17±696.12gm. Factors significantly associated with complications included smoking, suprasternal notch to nipple distance ≧38cm, haemoglobin <12.5g/dL, the weight of excised tissue ≧2000gm and a positive family history of macromastia. The total score of the morbidity prediction scale ranged 2-190, with the best cut-off value being ≧93. The scale had 100% sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive valueand 100 percent accuracy.Conclusion: Ability to predict postoperative surgical-site morbidity may optimise safety as well as outcome after reduction mammaplasty.Keywords: Gigantomastia, Nipples, Mammaplasty, Macromastia, Morbidity, Pedicle
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El-Baky, Rehab Mahmoud Abd, Eman Mohamed Senosy, Walid Omara, Doaa Safwat Mohamed, and Reham Ali Ibrahim. "The Impact of the Implementation of Culture-based Antibiotic Policy on the Incidence of Nosocomial Infections in Neonates Hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in a General Egyptian Hospital in Upper Egypt, 2016-2018." Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 14, no. 3 (September 5, 2020): 1879–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.14.3.27.
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Nosocomial infections mainly are due to inefficient cleaning in association with the uncontrollable prescription of antimicrobials resulting in the emergence of multi-drug resistant pathogens in the hospital environment. Objectives:The study aims to evaluate the impact of the implementation of culture-guided antibiotic policy with strict infection control strategies on the occurrence of nosocomial infections and the resistance pattern ofthe isolated clinical and environmental pathogens. The study was done in 2 periods. Firstly, (August 2016 – April 2017), routine disinfection procedures and the applied antibiotic policy were evaluated. Secondly, according to the results a new antibiotic policy depending on the culture sensitivity results were implemented starting from June 2017 to February 2018 in association with strict infection control practices. As a result of this intervention, A change in the type of the isolated microorganisms was observed.Antibiotic resistance was decreased. Mortality rate was reduced from 14.1% to 9.5% of neonates with nosocomial infections, the number of the prescribed antibiotics didn’t exceed 4 antibiotics decreasing the overall cost for neonates’ therapy during their hospital stay. Each hospital should have its own antibiotic policy with the application of strict infection control strategies for the control of nosocomial infection.
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Labib, John Rene, Sally Kamal, Marwa Rashad Salem, Eman D. El Desouky, and Ahmed Taher Mahmoud. "Hospital Preparedness for Critical Care during COVID-19 Pandemic: Exploratory Cross-sectional Study." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, T1 (October 26, 2020): 429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.5466.
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AIM: The researchers conducted the study to assess intensive care units (ICUs) preparedness in Cairo University Hospitals to deal efficiently and effectively with COVID-19 upcoming waves.
METHODS: An exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted at Cairo University Intensive Care Units 6 pediatric ICUs, and 2 adult ICUs in the period from the end of February to the first week of March, 2020; almost 2 weeks after the appearance of the first case of COVID-19 in Egypt by hand-delivered questionnaire method with one of the ICU staff members who were available and have time to take part in the study. WHO checklist for hospital readiness was used; this checklist based on current knowledge and available evidence on the COVID-19 pandemic for WHO’s Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean Region. The WHO has developed the checklist to help hospital managers prepare for COVID-19 patient management by optimizing each hospital’s capacities. The list composed of 10 key components: (1) Leadership and coordination; (2) operational support, logistics and supply management; (3) information; (4) communication; (5) human resources; (6) continuity of essential services and surge capacity; (7) rapid identification; (8) diagnosis; (9) isolation and case management; and (10) infection prevention and control.
RESULTS: The overall preparedness in both pediatric and adult ICUs was 54%. Overall, adult ICUs were more prepared than pediatric ICUs, especially in communication; continuity of essential services and surge capacity; rapid identification; diagnosis; isolation; and case management. Both of them were comparable regarding operational support, logistics and supply management; human resources; and infection prevention and control, while information component was lower in both types but reached critical values 10% in adult ones.
CONCLUSION: The current study demonstrated the intermediate readiness of ICUs at initial outbreak; further assessment during different phases of pandemic is required. Continues education of HCWs and active communication should be established.
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El Manaily, Emad, Mahmoud Abd Rabbou, Adel El-Shazly, and Moustafa Baraka. "Enhanced Local Ionosphere Model for Multi-Constellations Single Frequency Precise Point Positioning Applications: Egyptian Case Study." Artificial Satellites 53, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 141–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/arsa-2018-0011.
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Abstract The positioning accuracy of single frequency precise point positioning (SFPPP) attributes mainly to the ionosphere error, which strongly affects GNSS signals. When GNSS signals pass through the various ionosphere layers, they will be bent and their speed will be changed due to dispersive nature of ionosphere. To correct the ionosphere error, it is common to use Klobuchar ionosphere model or Global Ionosphere Maps (GIM). However, Klobuchar can deal with only about 50% of the Ionosphere effect and global Ionosphere maps are often inadequate to describe detailed features of local ionosphere because of limited precision and resolution. In this paper, an enhanced local ionosphere model was developed relying on modeling of measurements from a dense Egyptian permanent tracking GNSS network in order to achieve high precision ionosphere delay correction. The performance of the developed enhanced Egyptian ionosphere model (EIM) was verified through multi-constellations SFPPP accuracy for static and kinematic modes. For static mode, 24 hours multi-constellations datasets collected at three selected stations, Alexandria, Cairo, and Aswan, in Egypt on February 27, 2017, to investigate the performance of the developed local ionospheric model in comparison with the Klobuchar, GIM and ionosphere free models. After session time of half an hour, the results show that the performance of static SFPPP based on the developed Egyptian ionospheric map (EIM) achieved a comparable accuracy WRT using ionosphere free model. While using EIM, achieved an improvements of (38%, 28%, and 42%) and (32%, 10%, and 37%) for accuracy of latitude, longitude, and altitude in comparison with using Klobuchar and GIM models, respectively For kinematic mode, datasets of 2 hours of observations with 1 second sampling rate were logged during vehicular test; the test was carried out on the ring road of the city of Cairo, Egypt, on September 16, 2017. After half an hour of kinematic SFPPP data-processing, the performance of using Egyptian ionospheric map (EIM) for ionosphere delay correction, achieved an improvements of three dimension coordinates of (83%, 47%, and 62%) and (57%, 65%, and 21%) with respect to using Klobuchar model and GIM model, respectively.
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Noel, James, and David Changnon. "A Pilot Study Examining U.S. Winter Cyclone Frequency Patterns Associated with Three ENSO Parameters." Journal of Climate 11, no. 8 (August 1, 1998): 2152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442-11.8.2152.
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Abstract Teleconnections were used to link three El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) parameters to winter (December–February) cyclone frequencies over the United States during the 1949–96 period. Since each ENSO event is not exactly the same, small subsets of ENSO events were examined in addition to the more common composite ENSO event. Mean winter cyclone frequencies, derived by counting cyclones passing through 30, 5° latitude equal-area circles located in a grid from 70° to 120°W and 30° to 50°N were determined for classes of El Niños and La Niñas based on 1) the intensity of the equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature anomaly, 2) the intensity of the Tahiti–Darwin sea level pressure anomaly, and 3) the location of the 28°C isotherm. The average cyclone count for each class of El Niño and La Niña was compared to the average count for winters when no ENSO event occurred. Expected differences in cyclone frequency patterns when comparing an average of all El Niño winters to all La Niña winters were found; however, large pattern differences were also determined when comparing winters with strong El Niños to moderate–weak El Niños and similarly for La Niñas. Significant differences in number of cyclones were found in 8 of 30 circles located in the Pacific Northwest, the Great Lakes, New England, and the Southeast. The differences found in the cyclone frequency patterns for El Niños and La Niñas of different intensities and locations indicated that using a composite of all El Niños or La Niñas may provide misleading information while examination of each of these parameters independently may assist in the preparation of long-range climate predictions.
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Umviligihozo, Gisele, Lucy Mupfumi, Nelson Sonela, Delon Naicker, Ekwaro A. Obuku, Catherine Koofhethile, Tuelo Mogashoa, et al. "Sub-Saharan Africa preparedness and response to the COVID-19 pandemic: A perspective of early career African scientists." Wellcome Open Research 5 (July 8, 2020): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16070.1.
Full textAbstract:
Emerging highly transmissible viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2 pose a significant global threat to human health and the economy. Since its first appearance in December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, Hubei province, China, SARS-CoV-2 infection has quickly spread across the globe, with the first case reported on the African continent, in Egypt on February 14th, 2020. Although the global number of COVID-19 infections has increased exponentially since the beginning of the pandemic, the number of new infections and deaths recorded in African countries have been relatively modest, suggesting slower transmission dynamics of the virus on the continent, a lower case fatality rate, or simply a lack of testing or reliable data. Notably, there is no significant increase in unexplained pneumonias or deaths on the continent which could possibly indicate the effectiveness of interventions introduced by several African governments. However, there has not yet been a comprehensive assessment of sub-Saharan Africa’s (SSA) preparedness and response to the COVID-19 pandemic that may have contributed to prevent an uncontrolled outbreak so far. As a group of early career scientists and the next generation of African scientific leaders with experience of working in medical and diverse health research fields in both SSA and resource-rich countries, we present a unique perspective on the current public health interventions to fight COVID-19 in Africa. Our perspective is based on extensive review of the available scientific publications, official technical reports and announcements released by governmental and non-governmental health organizations as well as from our personal experiences as workers on the COVID-19 battlefield in SSA. We documented public health interventions implemented in seven SSA countries including Uganda, Kenya, Rwanda, Cameroon, Zambia, South Africa and Botswana, the existing gaps and the important components of disease control that may strengthen SSA response to future outbreaks.
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Umviligihozo, Gisele, Lucy Mupfumi, Nelson Sonela, Delon Naicker, Ekwaro A. Obuku, Catherine Koofhethile, Tuelo Mogashoa, et al. "Sub-Saharan Africa preparedness and response to the COVID-19 pandemic: A perspective of early career African scientists." Wellcome Open Research 5 (September 16, 2020): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16070.2.
Full textAbstract:
Emerging highly transmissible viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2 pose a significant global threat to human health and the economy. Since its first appearance in December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, Hubei province, China, SARS-CoV-2 infection has quickly spread across the globe, with the first case reported on the African continent, in Egypt on February 14th, 2020. Although the global number of COVID-19 infections has increased exponentially since the beginning of the pandemic, the number of new infections and deaths recorded in African countries have been relatively modest, suggesting slower transmission dynamics of the virus on the continent, a lower case fatality rate, or simply a lack of testing or reliable data. Notably, there is no significant increase in unexplained pneumonias or deaths on the continent which could possibly indicate the effectiveness of interventions introduced by several African governments. However, there has not yet been a comprehensive assessment of sub-Saharan Africa’s (SSA) preparedness and response to the COVID-19 pandemic that may have contributed to prevent an uncontrolled outbreak so far. As a group of early career scientists and the next generation of African scientific leaders with experience of working in medical and diverse health research fields in both SSA and resource-rich countries, we present a unique perspective on the current public health interventions to fight COVID-19 in Africa. Our perspective is based on extensive review of the available scientific publications, official technical reports and announcements released by governmental and non-governmental health organizations as well as from our personal experiences as workers on the COVID-19 battlefield in SSA. We documented public health interventions implemented in seven SSA countries including Uganda, Kenya, Rwanda, Cameroon, Zambia, South Africa and Botswana, the existing gaps and the important components of disease control that may strengthen SSA response to future outbreaks.
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Umviligihozo, Gisele, Lucy Mupfumi, Nelson Sonela, Delon Naicker, Ekwaro A. Obuku, Catherine Koofhethile, Tuelo Mogashoa, et al. "Sub-Saharan Africa preparedness and response to the COVID-19 pandemic: A perspective of early career African scientists." Wellcome Open Research 5 (December 10, 2020): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16070.3.
Full textAbstract:
Emerging highly transmissible viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2 pose a significant global threat to human health and the economy. Since its first appearance in December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, Hubei province, China, SARS-CoV-2 infection has quickly spread across the globe, with the first case reported on the African continent, in Egypt on February 14th, 2020. Although the global number of COVID-19 infections has increased exponentially since the beginning of the pandemic, the number of new infections and deaths recorded in African countries have been relatively modest, suggesting slower transmission dynamics of the virus on the continent, a lower case fatality rate, or simply a lack of testing or reliable data. Notably, there is no significant increase in unexplained pneumonias or deaths on the continent which could possibly indicate the effectiveness of interventions introduced by several African governments. However, there has not yet been a comprehensive assessment of sub-Saharan Africa’s (SSA) preparedness and response to the COVID-19 pandemic that may have contributed to prevent an uncontrolled outbreak so far. As a group of early career scientists and the next generation of African scientific leaders with experience of working in medical and diverse health research fields in both SSA and resource-rich countries, we present a unique perspective on the current public health interventions to fight COVID-19 in Africa. Our perspective is based on extensive review of the available scientific publications, official technical reports and announcements released by governmental and non-governmental health organizations as well as from our personal experiences as workers on the COVID-19 battlefield in SSA. We documented public health interventions implemented in seven SSA countries including Uganda, Kenya, Rwanda, Cameroon, Zambia, South Africa and Botswana, the existing gaps and the important components of disease control that may strengthen SSA response to future outbreaks.
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Amin, Radwa Ezzat, Iman Ehsan Abdel-Meguid, Nihal Mohamed El-Refaie, Walaa Fakher, Dina El-Tabie, and Hala Ahmed El-Gindy. "Clinical Profiles, Congenital Heart Disease, and Other Comorbidities Among Egyptian Children with Down Syndrome: A Tertiary Center Study." Journal of Child Science 11, no. 01 (January 2021): e233-e239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735537.
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Abstract Introduction Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal disorder. It is accompanied by several comorbidities, which could lead to severe morbidity and mortality. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most commonly described condition. Objective This study aimed to determine clinical profiles, dysmorphic features, CHD, and DS associated comorbidities in a tertiary center (Cairo, Egypt). Patients and Methods This descriptive study included 290 patients diagnosed with DS, who presented to the Clinical Genetics clinic, Cairo University Children Hospitals, from February 2018 to December 2019. The patients' ages ranged from 2 to 4 years old. All patients were evaluated by full history, clinical examination, anthropometric measurements, and assessment of developmental milestones. Patients' diagnostic investigations including karyotype, thyroid function, and echocardiography were checked. Results The study population consisted of 290 children with DS of which 196 (67.6%) were male, 115 (40%) had CHD, the most prevalent atrial septal defect (ASD), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), and ventricular septal defect (VSD) accounting for 10.7, 7.1, and 4.2%, respectively. Common dysmorphic features were upward slanting palpebral fissures (98.6%), hypertelorism (97.9%), and sandal gap (60.7%). Thyroid dysfunction was the second prevalent comorbidity, found in 35 patients (12.1%). Global developmental delay was reported affecting language (99%), motor (94.8%), and social (92.8%) domains. Conclusion The prevalence of CHD among children with DS was 40% with ASD, PDA, and VSD being the commonest. Thyroid dysfunction was the second most common comorbidity. The most prevalent dysmorphic features were upward slanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, and sandal gap. Developmental delay was very common, language being the most affected domain.
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Hakeem, Ghozian, and Ririn Tri Ratnasari. "PENGARUH PERCEIVED EASE OF USE PADA APLIKASI M-BANKING BANK UMUM SYARIAH DENGAN TRUST SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING." Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan 8, no. 6 (December 5, 2021): 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol8iss20216pp696-705.
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ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel perceived ease of use terhadap behavioral intention dengan trust sebagai variabel intervening pada penggunaan aplikasi m-banking bank umum syariah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode path analysis dan melibatkan 50 responden yang merupakan nasabah salah satu bank umum syariah sekaligus pengguna aplikasi m-banking bank yang bersangkutan dengan metode purposive sampling secara online, serta menggunakan metode analisis jalur dengan program AMOS untuk mengolah data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perceived ease of use dan trust berpengaruh signifikan terhadap behavioral intention, demikian juga perceived ease of use terhadap trust. Penelitian ini juga berimplikasi pada ilmu pemasaran Islam, yaitu mengenai niat perilaku konsumen yang akan berefek pada penggunaan aplikasi m-banking bank umum syariah saat ini dan di masa mendatang, seperti perekomendasian aplikasi tersebut ke orang lain. Maka dari itu, bank umum syariah diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kualitas fitur yang terdapat di aplikasi m-banking, mempromosikan secara gencar kemudahan dan manfaat yang akan didapat dari penggunaan aplikasi m-banking agar nasabah tertarik untuk menggunakannya, serta menyederhanakan baik tampilan dan cara penggunaan, sehingga aplikasi tersebut bisa digunakan dengan mudah oleh berbagai kalangan.Kata Kunci: Perceived ease of use, trust, behavioral intention, aplikasi m-banking. ABSTRACTThe intention of this study is to discover perceived ease of use’s impact on behavioral intention with trust as the intervening variable in the usage of Islamic commercial banks’ m-banking applications. This research uses a quantitative approach with path analysis method and involves 50 participants who are customers of one of Islamic commercial banks as well as users of m-banking application of the bank concerned with online purposive sampling method. It also uses path analysis method by using AMOS program to analyze the data. The result of this study indicates both perceived ease of use and trust significantly affect behavioral intention, and so is perceived ease of use to trust. This study also implies to Islamic marketing, which refers to consumers’ behavior that will affect the current and future usage of Islamic comercial banks’ m-banking applications, such as recommending it to other people. Therefore, Islamic commercial banks are expected to improve their applications’ features, promote its convenience and benefits vigorously to attract customers to use it, and simplify both its appearance and usage method, so it can be used by anyone easily.Keyword: Perceived ease of use, trust, behavioral intention, m-banking application. DAFTAR PUSTAKAAlrawashdeh, T. A., Elbes, M. W., Almonani, A., & ElQirem, F. T. A. (2019). User acceptance model of open source software: An integrated model of OSS characteristics and UTAUT. 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The International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 36(2), 157-168.Jogiyanto. (2007). Sistem informasi keperilakuan. Yogyakarta: Andi.Kang, J. –W., & Namkung, Y. (2019). The role of personalization on continuance intention in food service mobile apps: a privacy calculus perspective. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. 31(2). 734-752. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-12-2017-0783Kasiram, M. (2008). Metode penelitian kuantitatif-kualitatif. Malang: UIN Malang Press.Kaur, S., & Arora, S. (2020). Role of perceived risk in online banking and its impact on behavioral intention: Trust as a moderator. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 15(1), 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-08-2019-0252.Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia. (2020). Al-Qur’an surat al-anfal. Diakses dari https://quran.kemenag.go.id/sura/8Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia. (2020). Al-Qur’an surat al-anfal. Diakses dari https://quran.kemenag.go.id/sura/108Li, Q. (2020). Healthcare at your fingertips: The acceptance and adoption of mobile medical treatment services among chinese users. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(6895). 1-21. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186895Meeprom, S., & Silanoi, T. (2020). Investigating the perceived quality of a special event and its influence on perceived value and behavioural intentions in a special event in Thailand. International Journal of Event and Festival Management, 11(3), 337-355. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEFM-09-2019-0043Mostafa, R. B. (2020). Mobile banking service quality: a new avenue for customer value co-creation. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 38(5), 1107-1132. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-11-2019-0421Namahoot, K. S., & Laohavichien, T. (2018). Assessing the intentions to use internet banking: the role of perceived risk and trust as mediating factors. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 36(2), 256-276. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-11-2016-0159Oentario, Y., Harianto, A., & Irawati, J. (2017). Pengaruh usefulness, ease of use, risk terhadap intention to buy onlinepatisserie melalui consumer attitude berbasis media sosial di Surabaya. Jurnal Manajemen Pemasaran, 11(1), 26-31. https://doi.org/10.9744/pemasaran.11.1.26-31Polykalas, S. E., & Prezerakos, G. N. (2019). When the mobile app is free, the product is your personal data. Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance, 21(2), 89-101. https://doi.org/10.1108/DPRG-11-2018-0068Ratnasari, R. T., Gunawan, S., Mawardi, I., & Kirana, K. C. (2020b). Emotional experience on behavioral intention for halal tourism. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 12(4), 864-881. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-12-2019-0256.Ratnasari, R. T., Gunawan, S., Septiarini, D. F., Rusmita, S. A., & Kirana, K. C. (2020a). Customer satisfaction between perceptions of environment destination brand and behavioural intention. International Journal of Creativity and Change, 10(12). 472-487.Republika. (2021). Luncurkan msyariah mega Syariah targetkan 1 juta transaksi. Diakses dari https://www.republika.co.id/berita/qrg9e3370/luncurkan-msyariah-mega-syariah-targetkan-1-juta-transaksiRizan, M., Haro, A., & Rahmadina, B. (2019). Pengaruh perceived ease of use dan service quality terhadap customer satisfaction dengan trust sebagai intervening (Studi kasus pada pengguna Grab di wilayah Jakarta). Jurnal Riset Manajemen Sains Indonesia (JRMSI), 10(2), 337-355.Sahoo, D., & Pillai, S. S. (2017). Role of mobile banking servicescape on customer attitude and engagement. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 35(7), 1115-1132. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-09-2015-0144Saleem, H., Li, Y., Ali, Z., Ayyoub, M., Wang, Y., & Mehreen, A. (2020). Big data use an its outcomes in supply chain context: the roles of information sharing and technological innovation. 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Utvik, Bjørn Olav. "A question of faith? Islamists and secularists fight over the post-Mubarak state." Contemporary Arab Affairs 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 93–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17550912.2017.1279384.
Full textAbstract:
Since the military coup of July 3, 2013, guns and batons have, broadly speaking, taken the place of open debate and elections in deciding the political future of Egypt. How can the political struggle be understood with regard to the shape and content of the reformed post-Mubarak state that took place during the period of relative free debate and of tentative steps towards a democratic system between February 11, 2011 and July 3, 2013. In light of the deepening polarization between the Muslim Brothers and the more secular political tendencies that characterized the period, the conflict is often portrayed by the media and by some researchers as between a project of Islamization and a secularist agenda. To what extent does this hold true? In this article I will argue (1) that what took place was rather a power struggle involving competing elites as well as what is sometimes termed the ‘deep state’, i.e., the entrenched power holders from Mubarak’s time, especially in the military, the police and the judiciary; and (2) to the extent that secularization was at stake, in some important aspects Islamists turned out to be, if anything, more secularizing than their secularist competitors. What follows is nothing near a full treatment of the transitional period. Neither is it a formal study of constitutional issues, although it does dwell on some important aspects of the new constitution finalized in 2012. The primary interest here is what the struggle over the new constitution, and more broadly over the path to be followed in the transition process, can tell us about the main forces at work at the heart of the intense political conflict that developed.
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Abd El-Ghani, Monier M., Ashraf S. A. El-Sayed, Ahmed Moubarak, Rabab Rashad, Hala Nosier, and Adel Khattab. "Biosystematic Study on Some Egyptian Species of Astragalus L. (Fabaceae)." Agriculture 11, no. 2 (February 4, 2021): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11020125.
Full textAbstract:
Astragalus L. is one of the largest angiosperm complex genera that belongs to the family Fabaceae, subfamily Papilionoideae or Faboideae under the subtribe Astragalinae of the tribe Galegeae. The current study includes the whole plant morphology, DNA barcode (ITS2), and molecular marker (SCoT). Ten taxa representing four species of Astragalus were collected from different localities in Egypt during the period from February 2018 to May 2019. Morphologically, identification and classification of collected Astragalus plants occurred by utilizing the light microscope, regarding the taxonomic revisions of the reference collected Astragalus specimens in other Egyptian Herbaria. For molecular validation, ten SCoT primers were used in this study, producing a unique banding pattern to differentiate between ten samples of Astragalus taxa which generated 212 DNA fragments with an average of 12.2 bands per 10 Astragalus samples, with 8 to 37 fragments per primer. The 212 fragments amplified were distributed as 2 monomorphic bands, 27 polymorphic without unique bands, 183 unique bands (210 Polymorphic with unique bands), and ITS2 gene sequence was showed as the optimal barcode for identifying Astragalus L. using BLAST searched on NCBI database, and afterward, analyzing the chromatogram for ITS region, 10 samples have been identified as two samples representing A. hauarensis, four samples representing A. sieberi, three samples representing A. spinosus and one sample representing A. vogelii. Based on the ITS barcode, A. hauarensis RMG1, A. hauarensis RMG2, A. sieberi RMG1, A. sieberi RMG2, A. sieberi RMG3, A. sieberi RMG4, A. spinosus RMG1, A. spinosus RMG2, A. spinosus RMG3, A. vogelii RMG were deposited into GenBank with accession # MT367587.1, MT367591.1, MT367593.1, MT367585.1, MT367586.1, MT367588.1, MT160347.1, MT367590.1, MT367589.1, MT367592.1, respectively. These results indicated the efficiency of SCoT markers and ITS2 region in identifying and determining genetic relationships between Astragalus species.