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Journal articles on the topic 'Egocentric'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Urzha, A. V. "EGOCENTRIC UNITS WITH EPISTEMIC MEANING: CLASSIFICATION, PRAGMATICS, FUNCTIONING (ON THE MATERIAL OF ORIGINAL AND TRANSLATED NARRATIVES IN RUSSIAN)." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series History and Philology 30, no. 5 (October 27, 2020): 765–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9534-2020-30-5-765-773.

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The article presents the characteristics of the specific group of egocentric words and constructions having the semantics related to knowledge or the lack of knowledge, and dealing with the shift from the latter to the former. These egocentric units with epistemic meaning are used to demonstrate the restrictions of any point of view in the text (belonging to the narrator or the focal hero), they form the suspense in the narrative. These elements are called epistemic egocentric units (compared to deictic egocentric units, evaluative units etc.). This epistemic cluster includes the persuasive and evidential markers, the words and expressions denoting uncertainty and unexpectedness, the constructions expressing similarity, likeness and identification. The analysis of original and translated texts in Russian shows the interaction of different types of epistemic egocentric units within the perspective of the narratives. The essential material for the study is constituted by several Russian translations of the novels “Dracula” (В. Stoker) and “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer” (M. Twain). The results of the comparative analysis of translated versions show that active use of epistemic egocentrics in Russian translations reinforces suspense and dramatization within some translator’s strategies, highlighting the original devices.
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Urzha, A. V. "Combining Linguistic Methods of Studying Egocentric Units in Russian Translated Narratives." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 22, no. 3 (October 29, 2020): 879–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2020-22-3-879-888.

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The present research featured a functional comparative analysis of egocentric language units in contemporary Russian translated narratives, namely six Russian translations of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. The study was based on parallel corpora within the Russian National Corpus and a set of digitized translations. The research objective was to present the classification of egocentric units applicable to the analysis of translations, as well as to describe the ways of combining various linguistic methods of studying egocentrics in translated narratives. Egocentric units were studied within several semantic clusters: actualizing (deictic), evaluative, epistemic, modal, and interactive. Using the heuristic method, the authors found and counted the contexts containing egocentric units of a certain type within the parallel corpora. The inductive method made it possible to reveal the trends based on the data obtained. The hypotheses were verified using the deductive method. The research was based on wide narrative contexts and took into the account the writing style, the genre and composition of the text, the use of egocentrics in the target language, and the individual translation strategies. The paper focuses on the lexical markers of uncertainty added by the Russian translators of Mark Twain. They are often used as additional markers of focalization in Russian translations. On the one hand, this phenomenon deals with specific ways of foregrounding subjectivity in the Russian language; on the other hand, it reveals the strategies of building-up suspense applied by individual translators.
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3

Hayashi, Yugo. "Facilitating Perspective Taking in Groups." International Journal of Software Science and Computational Intelligence 5, no. 1 (January 2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijssci.2013010101.

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The present study investigates the nature of egocentric biases in a situation where a speaker is surrounded by social actors with different perspectives. In this context, the author investigated how communication channels function to ease egocentric bias during collaborative activities. To investigate this point, the author used conversational agents as social actors. The present study therefore created a virtual situation where a speaker was surrounded by several speakers. The author hypothesized that the diversity of communication channels available to the audience would increase the awareness of others and facilitate the adoption of an exocentric perspective. The results of the analysis show that participants who engaged in the collaboration task with various communication channels used fewer egocentric perspectives. Studies in egocentrism and communication have not yet investigated the conversational dynamics of multiple speakers. This study therefore provides a new perspective about the kinds of factors that may ease such biases.
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4

Smith, Joel. "Egocentric Space." International Journal of Philosophical Studies 22, no. 3 (May 27, 2014): 409–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09672559.2014.913888.

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Field, Hartry. "Egocentric Content." Noûs 51, no. 3 (April 13, 2016): 521–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nous.12141.

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6

Epley, Nicholas, and Eugene M. Caruso. "Egocentric Ethics." Social Justice Research 17, no. 2 (June 2004): 171–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:sore.0000027408.72713.45.

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Elgharib, Mohamed, Mohit Mendiratta, Justus Thies, Matthias Niessner, Hans-Peter Seidel, Ayush Tewari, Vladislav Golyanik, and Christian Theobalt. "Egocentric videoconferencing." ACM Transactions on Graphics 39, no. 6 (November 26, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3414685.3417808.

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8

Nakashima, Ryoichi, and Takatsune Kumada. "Peripersonal versus extrapersonal visual scene information for egocentric direction and position perception." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 71, no. 5 (January 1, 2018): 1090–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2017.1310267.

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When perceiving the visual environment, people simultaneously perceive their own direction and position in the environment (i.e., egocentric spatial perception). This study investigated what visual information in a scene is necessary for egocentric spatial perceptions. In two perception tasks (the egocentric direction and position perception tasks), observers viewed two static road images presented sequentially. In Experiment 1, the critical manipulation involved an occluded region in the road image, an extrapersonal region (far-occlusion) and a peripersonal region (near-occlusion). Egocentric direction perception was worse in the far-occlusion condition than in the no-occlusion condition, and egocentric position perceptions were worse in the far- and near-occlusion conditions than in the no-occlusion condition. In Experiment 2, we conducted the same tasks manipulating the observers’ gaze location in a scene—an extrapersonal region (far-gaze), a peripersonal region (near-gaze) and the intermediate region between the former two (middle-gaze). Egocentric direction perception performance was the best in the far-gaze condition, and egocentric position perception performances were not different among gaze location conditions. These results suggest that egocentric direction perception is based on fine visual information about the extrapersonal region in a road landscape, and egocentric position perception is based on information about the entire visual scene.
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Coluccia, Emanuele, Irene C. Mammarella, and Cesare Cornoldi. "Centred Egocentric, Decentred Egocentric, and Allocentric Spatial Representations in the Peripersonal Space of Congenital Total Blindness." Perception 38, no. 5 (January 1, 2009): 679–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p5942.

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The distinction between different spatial representations in the peripersonal space was examined in two experiments by requiring sighted blindfolded and blind participants to remember the locations of objects haptically explored. In experiment 1, object relocation took place from either the same position as learning—with the same (centred egocentric condition) or 90°-rotated (rotated egocentric condition) object array—or from a position different from the learning position (allocentric condition). Results revealed that, in both sighted and blind people, distance errors were higher in the allocentric and rotated conditions than in the centred egocentric condition, and that blind participants made more distance errors than sighted subjects only in the allocentric condition. Experiment 2 repeated rotated egocentric and allocentric conditions, while the centred egocentric condition was replaced by a decentred egocentric condition in which object relocation took place from the same position as learning (egocentric) but started from a decentred point. The decentred egocentric condition was found to remain significantly different from the rotated condition, but not from the allocentric condition. Moreover, blind participants performed less well in the allocentric condition, but were specifically impaired. Overall, our results confirm that different types of spatial constraints and representations, including the decentred egocentric one, can be distinguished in the peripersonal space and that blind people are as efficient as sighted in the egocentric and rotated conditions, but they encounter difficulties in recalling locations also in the peripersonal space, especially when an allocentric condition is required.
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Rácz, Anna. "Measuring egocentric networks." Magyar Pszichológiai Szemle 69, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 567–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/mpszle.69.2014.3.6.

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Jelen tanulmányban az egocentrikus hálók feltérképezési lehetőségeit vizsgáljuk meg. Először áttekintjük az egót körülvevő kapcsolati rétegeket, majd azokat az eszközöket, amelyekkel ezek a rétegek feltárhatók. Ezen eszközök közül részletesen a névgenerátorokat mutatjuk be, de röviden kitérünk egyéb, az egóközpontú kapcsolathálók vizsgálatára alkalmas módszerekre is. Végül a névgenerátoros vizsgálatokkal kapcsolatos néhány módszertani kérdést tekintünk át.
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11

Rozik, Eli. "Problematic Egocentric Narratives." European Legacy 11, no. 5 (August 2006): 551–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10848770600842986.

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12

Aeadmanesh, M. H., and A. W. Krings. "Egocentric voting algorithms." IEEE Transactions on Reliability 46, no. 4 (1997): 494–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/24.693782.

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13

Lee, Ho-Gil, Hyun-Jun Hyung, and Dong-Wook Lee. "Egocentric teleoperation approach." International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems 15, no. 6 (October 7, 2017): 2744–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12555-016-0432-9.

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14

Vacca, Raffaele. "Analysis of egocentric networks with R (II). An egocentric network." Redes. Revista hispana para el análisis de redes sociales 31, no. 2 (June 12, 2020): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/redes.883.

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15

Lv, Ming, and Siyuan Hu. "Asymmetrical Switch Costs in Spatial Reference Frames Switching." Perception 49, no. 3 (March 2020): 268–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301006620906087.

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Previous studies found that the egocentric and allocentric reference frames are distinct in their functions, developmental trajectory, and neural basis. However, these two spatial reference frames exist in parallel, and people switch between them frequently in their daily lives. Using an allocentric and egocentric switching task, this study explored the cognitive processes involved in the switch between egocentric and allocentric reference frames and the possible asymmetry of switch costs. Sixty-two participants were tested in congruent (i.e., the target was on the same side in two reference frames) and incongruent conditions (i.e., the target was on a different side in two reference frames). The results indicated that the interaction between allocentric and egocentric reference frames was bidirectional and that the congruency effect was higher in the egocentric task than in the allocentric task. More important, the switch costs between allocentric and egocentric reference frames were found in both conditions, and the switch cost was higher for allocentric task. To our knowledge, this was the first study to focus on how switch costs and asymmetrical switch costs occur in allocentric and egocentric task switching.
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Karnath, Hans-Otto, André Mandler, and Simon Clavagnier. "Object-based Neglect Varies with Egocentric Position." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23, no. 10 (October 2011): 2983–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00005.

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Different reference frames have been identified to influence neglect behavior. In particular, neglect has been demonstrated to be related to the contralesional side of the subject's body (egocentric reference frames) as well as to the contralesional side of individual objects irrespective of their position to the patient (object-based reference frame). There has been discussion whether this distinction separates neglect into body- and object-based forms. The present experiment aimed to prove possible interactions between object-based and egocentric aspects in spatial neglect. Neglect patients' eye and head movements were recorded while they explored objects at five egocentric positions along the horizontal dimension of space. The patients showed both egocentric as well as object-based behavior. Most interestingly, data analysis revealed that object-based neglect varied with egocentric position. Although the neglect of the objects' left side was strong at contralesional egocentric positions, it ameliorated at more ipsilesional egocentric positions of the objects. The patients showed steep, ramp-shaped patterns of exploration for objects located on the far contralesional side and a broadening of these patterns as the locations of the objects shifted more to the ipsilesional side. The data fitted well with the saliency curves predicted by a model of space representation, which suggests that visual input is represented in two modes simultaneously: in veridical egocentric coordinates and in within-object coordinates.
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17

Amaliyah, Nur, and Yeny Prastiwi. "Defense Mecahnims in Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights: How Catherine Earnshaw Deal with Egocentricity." Journal of Language and Literature 22, no. 1 (March 23, 2022): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/joll.v22i1.3525.

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This study aims to determine the personality of Catherine Earnshaw, who is the protagonist of the novel Wuthering Heights. The novel Wuthering Heights has a gothic theme and a tragedy. This novel tells the intricate love story and dominate with the social class, egoism, and hatred. The conflict is around two families namely Earnshaw and Linton. Catherine's life is filled with choices, including two loves from different people with different backgrounds and lives. That is one of reason the series of decisions and attitudes of her in the future. Catherine Earnshaw’s personality, egocentric tendencies, and defense mechanisms are the main issues in this research. This research belongs to library research which applied the qualitative research method. In addition, there are two types of data sources, namely primary data from Emily Bronte's novel Wuthering Heights and secondary data in the form of books, journals, and official sites related to research. This study applies Sigmund Freud's theory of psychoanalytic which shows three personality structures, namely the id, the ego and the superego. The results shows that Catherine Earnshaw has an egocentric tendency with five types including egocentric memory, egocentric myopia, egocentric righteousness, egocentric blindness, and egocentric immediacy. In dealing with the tendency, Catherine balances with defense mechanisms in the form of denial, identification, repression, and rationalization.
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18

Fernandez-Baizan, Cristina, M. Paula Fernandez Garcia, Elena Diaz-Caceres, Manuel Menendez-Gonzalez, Jorge L. Arias, and Marta Mendez. "Patients with Parkinson’s Disease Show Alteration in their Visuospatial Abilities and in their Egocentric and Allocentric Spatial Orientation Measured by Card Placing Tests." Journal of Parkinson's Disease 10, no. 4 (October 27, 2020): 1807–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jpd-202122.

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Background: Visuospatial skills are impaired in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Other related skills exist, such as spatial orientation have been poorly studied. The egocentric (based on internal cues) and allocentric frameworks (based on external cues) are used in daily spatial orientation. Depending on PD onset, the allocentric framework may have a higher level of impairment in tremor-dominant and the egocentric one in akinetic-rigid. Objective: To evaluate spatial orientation and visuospatial functions in PD patients and controls, and to assess whether their performance is related to disease duration and the PD subtype (tremor-dominant and akinetic-rigid). Methods: We evaluated egocentric and allocentric spatial orientation (Egocentric and Allocentric Spatial Memory Tasks) and visuospatial abilities, span and working memory in 59 PD patients and 51 healthy controls. Results: Visuospatial skills, visuospatial span, and egocentric and allocentric orientation are affected in PD. Visuospatial skills and allocentric orientation undergo deterioration during the first 5 years of the disease progression, while egocentric orientation and visuospatial span do so at later stages (9–11 years). The akinetic-rigid subtype presents worse results in all the spatial abilities that were measured when compared to controls, and worse scores in visuospatial working memory, visuospatial abilities and allocentric orientation when compared to the tremor-dominant group. The tremor-dominant group performed worse than controls in egocentric and allocentric orientation. Conclusion: PD patients show deficits in their visuospatial abilities and in their egocentric and allocentric spatial orientation compared to controls, specifically in akinetic-rigid PD. Only spatial orientation are affected in tremor-dominant PD patients. Allocentric orientation is affected earlier in the progression of the disease.
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Abbruzzese, Laura, Alessio Damora, Gabriella Antonucci, Pierluigi Zoccolotti, and Mauro Mancuso. "Effects of Prism Adaptation on Reference Systems for Extrapersonal Space in Neglect Patients." Brain Sciences 9, no. 11 (November 16, 2019): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9110327.

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Up to now, rehabilitation of unilateral spatial neglect has focused on egocentric forms of neglect, whereas less is known about the possibility to improve allocentric deficits. The present study aimed to examine the efficacy of prism adaptation (PA) training on patients with different forms of neglect: egocentric, allocentric, or mixed. Twenty-eight patients were assessed with specific neglect tests before (T0) and after (T1) 10 sessions of PA training. Performance in the Apples Cancellation test was used to identify patients with egocentric (n = 6), allocentric (n = 5), or mixed (n = 17) forms of neglect. In the overall group of patients, PA training produced significant improvements in performance across different neglect tests. In terms of the egocentric–allocentric distinction, the training was effective in reducing omissions in the left part of space in the Apples Cancellation test both for patients with egocentric neglect and mixed neglect. By contrast, errors of commissions (marking the inability to detect the left part of the target stimulus, i.e., allocentric neglect) remained unchanged after PA in patients with allocentric neglect and actually increased marginally in patients with mixed neglect. The PA training is effective in improving egocentric neglect, while it is ineffective on the allocentric form of the disturbance. Notably, the allocentric component of neglect is frequently impaired, although this is most often in conjunction with the egocentric impairment, yielding the mixed form of neglect. This stresses the importance of developing exercises tuned to improving allocentric neglect.
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Coughlan, Gillian, Emma Flanagan, Stephen Jeffs, Maxime Bertoux, Hugo Spiers, Eneida Mioshi, and Michael Hornberger. "Diagnostic relevance of spatial orientation for vascular dementia: A case study." Dementia & Neuropsychologia 12, no. 1 (March 2018): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642018dn12-010013.

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ABSTRACT Spatial orientation is emerging as an early and reliable cognitive biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathophysiology. However, no evidence exists as to whether spatial orientation is also affected in vascular dementia (VaD). Objective: To examine allocentric (map-based) and egocentric (viewpoint-based) spatial orientation in an early stage VaD case. Methods: A spatial test battery was administered following clinical and neuropsychological cognitive evaluation. Results: Despite the patient’s complaints, little evidence of episodic memory deficits were detected when cueing was provided to overcome executive dysfunction. Similarly, medial temporal lobe-mediated allocentric orientation was intact. By contrast, medial parietal-mediated egocentric orientation was impaired, despite normal performance on standard visuospatial tasks. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first in-depth investigation of spatial orientation deficits in VaD. Isolated egocentric deficits were observed. This differs from AD orientation deficits which encompass both allocentric and egocentric orientation deficits. A combination of egocentric orientation and executive function tests could serve as a promising cognitive marker for VaD pathophysiology.
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Corcos, Anne, and Yorgos Rizopoulos. "Is prosocial behavior egocentric?" Économie et Institutions, no. 16 (March 30, 2011): 33–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/ei.76.

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22

Huang, Shao, Weiqiang Wang, Shengfeng He, and Rynson W. H. Lau. "Egocentric Temporal Action Proposals." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 27, no. 2 (February 2018): 764–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2017.2772904.

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23

Ardeshir, Shervin, and Ali Borji. "Egocentric Meets Top-View." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 41, no. 6 (June 1, 2019): 1353–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2018.2832121.

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Stern, Peter. "Egocentric representation of objects." Science 362, no. 6417 (November 22, 2018): 905.14–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.362.6417.905-n.

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Yazdanbakhsh, Arash, and Celia Gagliardi. "Human egocentric position estimation." Journal of Vision 15, no. 12 (September 1, 2015): 955. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/15.12.955.

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Posten, Ann-Christin, and Thomas Mussweiler. "Egocentric foundations of trust." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 84 (September 2019): 103820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2019.103820.

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Mizruchi, Mark S., and Christopher Marquis. "Egocentric, sociocentric, or dyadic?" Social Networks 28, no. 3 (July 2006): 187–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2005.06.002.

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28

Le Poidevin, Robin. "Egocentric and Objective Time." Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 99, no. 1 (January 1999): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9264.00043.

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Swanston, Michael T., Nicholas J. Wade, and Ross H. Day. "The Representation of Uniform Motion in Vision." Perception 16, no. 2 (April 1987): 143–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p160143.

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For veridical detection of object motion any moving detecting system must allocate motion appropriately between itself and objects in space. A model for such allocation is developed for simplified situations (points of light in uniform motion in a frontoparallel plane). It is proposed that motion of objects is registered and represented successively at four levels within frames of reference that are defined by the detectors themselves or by their movements. The four levels are referred to as retinocentric, orbitocentric, egocentric, and geocentric. Thus the retinocentric signal is combined with that for eye rotation to give an orbitocentric signal, and the left and right orbitocentric signals are combined to give an egocentric representation. Up to the egocentric level, motion representation is angular rather than three-dimensional. The egocentric signal is combined with signals for head and body movement and for egocentric distance to give a geocentric representation. It is argued that although motion perception is always geocentric, relevant registrations also occur at the three earlier levels. The model is applied to various veridical and nonveridical motion phenomena.
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Ghafoor, Humaira A., Ali Javed, Aun Irtaza, Hassan Dawood, Hussain Dawood, and Ameen Banjar. "Egocentric Video Summarization Based on People Interaction Using Deep Learning." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (November 29, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7586417.

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The availability of wearable cameras in the consumer market has motivated the users to record their daily life activities and post them on the social media. This exponential growth of egocentric videos demand to develop automated techniques to effectively summarizes the first-person video data. Egocentric videos are commonly used to record lifelogs these days due to the availability of low cost wearable cameras. However, egocentric videos are challenging to process due to the fact that placement of camera results in a video which presents great deal of variation in object appearance, illumination conditions, and movement. This paper presents an egocentric video summarization framework based on detecting important people in the video. The proposed method generates a compact summary of egocentric videos that contains information of the people whom the camera wearer interacts with. Our proposed approach focuses on identifying the interaction of camera wearer with important people. We have used AlexNet convolutional neural network to filter the key-frames (frames where camera wearer interacts closely with the people). We used five convolutional layers and two completely connected hidden layers and an output layer. Dropout regularization method is used to reduce the overfitting problem in completely connected layers. Performance of the proposed method is evaluated onUT Egostandard dataset. Experimental results signify the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of summarizing the egocentric videos.
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Kuruvilla, Maneesh V., David I. G. Wilson, and James A. Ainge. "Lateral entorhinal cortex lesions impair both egocentric and allocentric object–place associations." Brain and Neuroscience Advances 4 (January 2020): 239821282093946. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2398212820939463.

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During navigation, landmark processing is critical either for generating an allocentric-based cognitive map or in facilitating egocentric-based strategies. Increasing evidence from manipulation and single-unit recording studies has highlighted the role of the entorhinal cortex in processing landmarks. In particular, the lateral (LEC) and medial (MEC) sub-regions of the entorhinal cortex have been shown to attend to proximal and distal landmarks, respectively. Recent studies have identified a further dissociation in cue processing between the LEC and MEC based on spatial frames of reference. Neurons in the LEC preferentially encode egocentric cues while those in the MEC encode allocentric cues. In this study, we assessed the impact of disrupting the LEC on landmark-based spatial memory in both egocentric and allocentric reference frames. Animals that received excitotoxic lesions of the LEC were significantly impaired, relative to controls, on both egocentric and allocentric versions of an object–place association task. Notably, LEC lesioned animals performed at chance on the egocentric version but above chance on the allocentric version. There was no significant difference in performance between the two groups on an object recognition and spatial T-maze task. Taken together, these results indicate that the LEC plays a role in feature integration more broadly and in specifically processing spatial information within an egocentric reference frame.
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Page, Xinru, and Marco Marabelli. "Changes in Social Media Behavior During Life Periods of Uncertainty." Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 11, no. 1 (May 3, 2017): 648–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v11i1.14931.

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Social psychology has found that individuals are more self-focused in times of uncertainty such as new life phases. That is, in times of uncertainty and transition, one's thoughts and actions are more egocentric. In other literature, more narcissistic individuals have been shown to behave differently on social media. Bringing these two streams of research together, we investigate whether and how egocentrism during life periods of uncertainty affect social media behaviors. We identify two life phases with patterns of behavior driven by different types of narcissism. The social needs and heightened sense of egocentrism in these different life phases shape social media behavior, albeit in different ways. We discuss the relevance of these motivational and behavioral differences for understanding social media behavior in different phases of life.
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Wang, J. Jessica, Philip Tseng, Chi-Hung Juan, Steven Frisson, and Ian A. Apperly. "Perspective-taking across cultures: shared biases in Taiwanese and British adults." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 11 (November 2019): 190540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.190540.

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The influential hypothesis by Markus & Kitayama (Markus, Kitayama 1991. Psychol. Rev. 98 , 224) postulates that individuals from interdependent cultures place others above self in interpersonal contexts. This led to the prediction and finding that individuals from interdependent cultures are less egocentric than those from independent cultures (Wu, Barr, Gann, Keysar 2013. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 7 , 1–7; Wu, Keysar. 2007 Psychol. Sci. 18 , 600–606). However, variation in egocentrism can only provide indirect evidence for the Markus and Kitayama hypothesis. The current study sought direct evidence by giving British (independent) and Taiwanese (interdependent) participants two perspective-taking tasks on which an other-focused ‘altercentric’ processing bias might be observed. One task assessed the calculation of simple perspectives; the other assessed the use of others' perspectives in communication. Sixty-two Taiwanese and British adults were tested in their native languages at their home institutions of study. Results revealed similar degrees of both altercentric and egocentric interference between the two cultural groups. This is the first evidence that listeners account for a speaker's limited perspective at the cost of their own performance. Furthermore, the shared biases point towards similarities rather than differences in perspective-taking across cultures.
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Barrett, Doug J. K., Mark F. Bradshaw, and David Rose. "Endogenous Shifts of Covert Attention Operate within Multiple Coordinate Frames: Evidence from a Feature-Priming Task." Perception 32, no. 1 (January 2003): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p3298.

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The locations of visual objects and events in the world are represented in a number of different coordinate frameworks. For example, a visual transient is known to attract (exogenous) attention and facilitate performance within an egocentric framework. However, when attention is allocated voluntarily to a particular visual feature (ie endogenous attention), the location of that feature appears to be variously encoded either within an allocentric framework or in a spatially invariant manner. In three experiments we investigated the importance of location for the allocation of endogenous attention and whether egocentric and/or allocentric spatial frameworks are involved. Primes and targets were presented in four conditions designed to vary systematically their spatial relationships in egocentric and allocentric coordinates. A reliable effect of egocentric priming was found in all three experiments, which suggests that endogenous shifts of attention towards targets defined by a particular feature operate in an egocentric representation of visual space. In addition, allocentric priming was also found for targets primed by their colour or shape. This suggests that attending to targets primed by nonspatial attributes results in facilitation that is localised in more than one coordinate frame of spatial reference.
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Farrar, Jonathan, Theresa Libby, and Linda Thorne. "Groupcentric budget goals, budget-based incentive contracts, and additive group tasks." Review of Accounting and Finance 14, no. 2 (May 11, 2015): 189–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/raf-12-2013-0141.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of three different types of budget goals (egocentric individual, groupcentric individual and group) on group performance of an additive task, assigned within an individual budget-based incentive contract. While previous research has established that budget-based incentive contracts motivate higher group performance than piece rate contracts for additive group tasks, no studies, which we are aware of, have considered explicitly the type of goal within this context. Design/methodology/approach – We conduct a 3 × 2 experiment in which we manipulate the presence of an individual goal (egocentric, groupcentric and absent) and a group goal (present and absent) on group performance of an additive task. Findings – Group performance is higher for groups assigned groupcentric individual goals than for groups assigned egocentric individual goals, either alone or in combination with a group goal. Practical implications – Egocentric individual goals may reinforce an individualistic orientation, which may work against the potential gains from having group members adopt more of a group focus. Originality/value – This paper considers how groupcentric individual goals may improve group performance. The management accounting literature typically examines just egocentric individual goals.
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Bernardino, Inês, Susana Mouga, Miguel Castelo-Branco, and Marieke van Asselen. "Egocentric and Allocentric Spatial Representations in Williams Syndrome." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 19, no. 1 (October 25, 2012): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617712000963.

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AbstractWilliams syndrome (WS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by severe visuospatial deficits, particularly affecting spatial navigation and wayfinding. Creating egocentric (viewer-dependent) and allocentric (viewer-independent) representations of space is essential for the development of these abilities. However, it remains unclear whether egocentric and allocentric representations are impaired in WS. In this study, we investigate egocentric and allocentric frames of reference in this disorder. A WS group (n = 18), as well as a chronological age-matched control group (n = 20), a non-verbal mental age-matched control group (n = 20) and a control group with intellectual disability (n = 17), was tested with a computerized and a 3D spatial judgment task. The results showed that WS participants are impaired when performing both egocentric and allocentric spatial judgments even when compared with mental age-matched control participants. This indicates that a substantial deficit affecting both spatial representations is present in WS. The egocentric impairment is in line with the dorsal visual pathway deficit previously reported in WS. Interestingly, the difficulties found in performing allocentric spatial judgments give important cues to better understand the ventral visual functioning in WS. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–9)
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Demianenko, Demianenko. "ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ЕГОЦЕНТРИЧНОГО МОВЛЕННЯ ДІТЕЙ СТАРШОГО ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ." Psycholinguistics in a Modern World 15 (December 25, 2020): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/10.31470/2706-7904-2020-15-68-71.

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Іn this work, one of the types of speech of older preschool children - egocentric - is analyzed. Scientific approaches to the vision of the problem of egocentric speech are clarified. The egocentric speech of older preschoolers was studied, the content of which is connected only with the utterances of children of metalanguage. The obtained empirical data once again convincingly proved the spontaneity of children’s metalanguage and confirmed the need to develop different types of utterances of older preschoolers, to achieve success in communication and adequate utterances, including about units of speech.
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Demianenko, Svitlana. "ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ЕГОЦЕНТРИЧНОГО МОВЛЕННЯ ДІТЕЙ СТАРШОГО ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ." Psycholinguistics in a Modern World 15 (December 25, 2020): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2706-7904-2020-15-68-71.

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Іn this work, one of the types of speech of older preschool children - egocentric - is analyzed. Scientific approaches to the vision of the problem of egocentric speech are clarified. The egocentric speech of older preschoolers was studied, the content of which is connected only with the utterances of children of metalanguage. The obtained empirical data once again convincingly proved the spontaneity of children’s metalanguage and confirmed the need to develop different types of utterances of older preschoolers, to achieve success in communication and adequate utterances, including about units of speech.
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Cartillier, Vincent, Zhile Ren, Neha Jain, Stefan Lee, Irfan Essa, and Dhruv Batra. "Semantic MapNet: Building Allocentric Semantic Maps and Representations from Egocentric Views." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 2 (May 18, 2021): 964–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i2.16180.

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We study the task of semantic mapping – specifically, an embodied agent (a robot or an egocentric AI assistant) is given a tour of a new environment and asked to build an allocentric top-down semantic map (‘what is where?’) from egocentric observations of an RGB-D camera with known pose (via localization sensors). Importantly, our goal is to build neural episodic memories and spatio-semantic representations of 3D spaces that enable the agent to easily learn subsequent tasks in the same space – navigating to objects seen during the tour (‘Find chair’) or answering questions about the space (‘How many chairs did you see in the house?’). Towards this goal, we present Semantic MapNet (SMNet), which consists of: (1) an Egocentric Visual Encoder that encodes each egocentric RGB-D frame, (2) a Feature Projector that projects egocentric features to appropriate locations on a floor-plan, (3) a Spatial Memory Tensor of size floor-plan length×width×feature-dims that learns to accumulate projected egocentric features, and (4) a Map Decoder that uses the memory tensor to produce semantic top-down maps. SMNet combines the strengths of (known) projective camera geometry and neural representation learning. On the task of semantic mapping in the Matterport3D dataset, SMNet significantly outperforms competitive baselines by 4.01−16.81% (absolute) on mean-IoU and 3.81−19.69% (absolute) on Boundary-F1 metrics. Moreover, we show how to use the spatio-semantic allocentric representations build by SMNet for the task of ObjectNav and Embodied Question Answering. Project page: https://vincentcartillier.github.io/smnet.html.
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Monthuy-Blanc, Johana, Stéphane Bouchard, Marilou Ouellet, Giulia Corno, Sylvain Iceta, and Michel Rousseau. "“eLoriCorps Immersive Body Rating Scale”: Exploring the Assessment of Body Image Disturbances from Allocentric and Egocentric Perspectives." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 9 (September 10, 2020): 2926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092926.

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The first objective of this study was to test the convergent and discriminant validity between the “eLoriCorps Immersive Body Rating Scale” and the traditional paper-based figure rating scale (FRS). The second objective was to explore the contribution of the egocentric virtual reality (VR) perspective of eLoriCorps to understanding body image disturbances (BIDs). The sample consisted of 53 female and 13 male adults. Body size dissatisfaction, body size distortion, perceived body size, and ideal body size were assessed. Overall, outcomes showed good agreement between allocentric perspectives as measured via VR and the FRS. The egocentric VR perspective produced different results compared to both the allocentric VR perspective and the FRS. This difference revealed discriminant validity and suggested that eLoricorps’ egocentric VR perspective might assess something different from the traditional conception of body dissatisfaction, which an allocentric VR perspective generally assesses. Finally, the egocentric VR perspective in assessing BIDs deserves to be studied more extensively to explore the possibility of finding two types of body image distortion: (a) an egocentric perceptual body distortion, referring to internal body sensation affected by intra-individual changes, and (b) an allocentric perceptual body distortion, referring to external body benchmarks constructed by inter-individual comparison occurring in a given cultural context.
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Bharmauria, Vishal, Amirsaman Sajad, Jirui Li, Xiaogang Yan, Hongying Wang, and John Douglas Crawford. "Integration of Eye-Centered and Landmark-Centered Codes in Frontal Eye Field Gaze Responses." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 9 (May 11, 2020): 4995–5013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaa090.

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Abstract The visual system is thought to separate egocentric and allocentric representations, but behavioral experiments show that these codes are optimally integrated to influence goal-directed movements. To test if frontal cortex participates in this integration, we recorded primate frontal eye field activity during a cue-conflict memory delay saccade task. To dissociate egocentric and allocentric coordinates, we surreptitiously shifted a visual landmark during the delay period, causing saccades to deviate by 37% in the same direction. To assess the cellular mechanisms, we fit neural response fields against an egocentric (eye-centered target-to-gaze) continuum, and an allocentric shift (eye-to-landmark-centered) continuum. Initial visual responses best-fit target position. Motor responses (after the landmark shift) predicted future gaze position but embedded within the motor code was a 29% shift toward allocentric coordinates. This shift appeared transiently in memory-related visuomotor activity, and then reappeared in motor activity before saccades. Notably, fits along the egocentric and allocentric shift continua were initially independent, but became correlated across neurons just before the motor burst. Overall, these results implicate frontal cortex in the integration of egocentric and allocentric visual information for goal-directed action, and demonstrate the cell-specific, temporal progression of signal multiplexing for this process in the gaze system.
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42

Stokes, Patrick. "Will it be me? Identity, concern and perspective." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 43, no. 2 (2013): 206–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.2013.826054.

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Self-reflexive or egocentric concern has been taken to present a serious problem for reductionist and eliminativist metaphysical accounts of personal identity. Philosophers have tended to respond in one of three ways: by continuing the search for a metaphysical account of identity that (prudentially if not morally) justifies egocentric concern; by accepting that egocentric concern can hold between persons who are not numerically identical; or by advocating the abandonment of egocentric concern altogether. All these approaches, however, distinguish between metaphysical ‘facts’ and affective responses to them. Exploring a well-known example from Bernard Williams, I argue that egocentric concern presents itself as irreducibly first-personal and as making its own set of numerical personal identity claims on the phenomenal level. Williams' example also points to the need to complicate the first/third person schema by factoring in a further distinction between present-tense and implicitly atemporal perspectives on the self. Once this move is made, we can see that the identity claims figured in first-person present-tense experience and those arrived at through metaphysical deliberation need to be distinguished. We should resist the temptation to privilege one perspective over the other in all instances, or to collapse them into a unitary account of selfhood.
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Tarnutzer, Alexander A., Christopher J. Bockisch, Itsaso Olasagasti, and Dominik Straumann. "Egocentric and allocentric alignment tasks are affected by otolith input." Journal of Neurophysiology 107, no. 11 (June 1, 2012): 3095–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00724.2010.

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Gravicentric visual alignments become less precise when the head is roll-tilted relative to gravity, which is most likely due to decreasing otolith sensitivity. To align a luminous line with the perceived gravity vector (gravicentric task) or the perceived body-longitudinal axis (egocentric task), the roll orientation of the line on the retina and the torsional position of the eyes relative to the head must be integrated to obtain the line orientation relative to the head. Whether otolith input contributes to egocentric tasks and whether the modulation of variability is restricted to vision-dependent paradigms is unknown. In nine subjects we compared precision and accuracy of gravicentric and egocentric alignments in various roll positions (upright, 45°, and 75° right-ear down) using a luminous line (visual paradigm) in darkness. Trial-to-trial variability doubled for both egocentric and gravicentric alignments when roll-tilted. Two mechanisms might explain the roll-angle–dependent modulation in egocentric tasks: 1) Modulating variability in estimated ocular torsion, which reflects the roll-dependent precision of otolith signals, affects the precision of estimating the line orientation relative to the head; this hypothesis predicts that variability modulation is restricted to vision-dependent alignments. 2) Estimated body-longitudinal reflects the roll-dependent variability of perceived earth-vertical. Gravicentric cues are thereby integrated regardless of the task's reference frame. To test the two hypotheses the visual paradigm was repeated using a rod instead (haptic paradigm). As with the visual paradigm, precision significantly decreased with increasing head roll for both tasks. These findings propose that the CNS integrates input coded in a gravicentric frame to solve egocentric tasks. In analogy to gravicentric tasks, where trial-to-trial variability is mainly influenced by the properties of the otolith afferents, egocentric tasks may also integrate otolith input. Such a shared mechanism for both paradigms and frames of reference is supported by the significantly correlated trial-to-trial variabilities.
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Damen, Debby, Marije van Amelsvoort, Per van der Wijst, Monique Pollmann, and Emiel Krahmer. "Lifting the curse of knowing: How feedback improves perspective-taking." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 74, no. 6 (February 4, 2021): 1054–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021820987080.

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People are likely to use their own knowledge as a frame of reference when they try to assess another person’s perspective. Due to this egocentric anchoring, people often overestimate the extent to which others share their point of view. This study investigated which type of feedback (if any) stimulates perceivers to make estimations of another person’s perspective that are less biased by egocentric knowledge. We allocated participants to one of the three feedback conditions (no feedback, accuracy feedback, narrative feedback). Findings showed that participants who were given feedback adjusted their perspective-judgement more than those who did not receive feedback. They also showed less egocentric projection on future assessments. Participants adjusted their perspective within the same trial to the same degree for both feedback types. However, participants’ egocentric bias was only reduced when they received narrative feedback and not when they received accuracy feedback about their performance. Implications of these findings for theories of perspective-taking are discussed.
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Ferrè, Elisa R., Adrian J. T. Alsmith, Patrick Haggard, and Matthew R. Longo. "The vestibular system modulates the contributions of head and torso to egocentric spatial judgements." Experimental Brain Research 239, no. 7 (June 4, 2021): 2295–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00221-021-06119-3.

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AbstractEgocentric representations allow us to describe the external world as experienced from an individual’s bodily location. We recently developed a novel method of quantifying the weight given to different body parts in egocentric judgments (the Misalignment Paradigm). We found that both head and torso contribute to simple alter-egocentric spatial judgments. We hypothesised that artificial stimulation of the vestibular system would provide a head-related signal, which might affect the weighting given to the head in egocentric spatial judgments. Bipolar Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation (GVS) was applied during the Misalignment Paradigm. A Sham stimulation condition was also included to control for non-specific effects. Our data show that the weight given to the head was increased during left anodal and right cathodal GVS, compared to the opposite GVS polarity (right anodal and left cathodal GVS) and Sham stimulation. That is, the polarity of GVS, which preferentially activates vestibular areas in the right cerebral hemisphere, influenced the relative weightings of head and torso in egocentric spatial judgments.
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Chen, Qi, Ralph Weidner, Peter H. Weiss, John C. Marshall, and Gereon R. Fink. "Neural Interaction between Spatial Domain and Spatial Reference Frame in Parietal–Occipital Junction." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 24, no. 11 (November 2012): 2223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00260.

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On the basis of double dissociations in clinical symptoms of patients with unilateral visuospatial neglect, neuropsychological research distinguishes between different spatial domains (near vs. far) and different spatial reference frames (egocentric vs. allocentric). In this fMRI study, we investigated the neural interaction between spatial domains and spatial reference frames by constructing a virtual three-dimensional world and asking participants to perform either allocentric or egocentric judgments on an object located in either near or far space. Our results suggest that the parietal–occipital junction (POJ) not only shows a preference for near-space processing but is also involved in the neural interaction between spatial domains and spatial reference frames. Two dissociable streams of visual processing exist in the human brain: a ventral perception-related stream and a dorsal action-related stream. Consistent with the perception–action model, both far-space processing and allocentric judgments draw upon the ventral stream whereas both near-space processing and egocentric judgments draw upon the dorsal stream. POJ showed higher neural activity during allocentric judgments (ventral) in near space (dorsal) and egocentric judgments (dorsal) in far space (ventral) as compared with egocentric judgments (dorsal) in near space (dorsal) and allocentric judgments (ventral) in far space (ventral). Because representations in the dorsal and ventral streams need to interact during allocentric judgments (ventral) in near space (dorsal) and egocentric judgments (dorsal) in far space (ventral), our results imply that POJ is involved in the neural interaction between the two streams. Further evidence for the suggested role of POJ as a neural interface between the dorsal and ventral streams is provided by functional connectivity analysis.
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김은영, Choongkil Lee, and 김택준. "Repulsive bias in egocentric localization." Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology 26, no. 4 (December 2014): 295–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2014.26.4.005.

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Shi, Lei, Chen Wang, Zhen Wen, Huamin Qu, Chuang Lin, and Qi Liao. "1.5D Egocentric Dynamic Network Visualization." IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 21, no. 5 (May 1, 2015): 624–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2014.2383380.

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Baldwin, Thomas, and David Bell. "Phenomenology, Solipsism and Egocentric Thought." Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volume 62, no. 1 (July 1, 1988): 27–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aristoteliansupp/62.1.27.

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50

Koenderink, J. J., A. J. van Doorn, and J. S. Lappin. "Exocentric Directions in Egocentric Space." Perception 25, no. 1_suppl (August 1996): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/v96p0115.

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Observers had to direct a pointer (using a radio link for remote control) at some location towards a beacon at another location such that the pointer appeared to point straight at the beacon. Experiments were done in the natural landscape under broad daylight with the subjects using natural (binocular) vision. Distances were in the range of 1 – 24 m. The location of the vantage point was prescribed, but the observers were allowed (indeed needed) to make eye, head, and body movements, including placement of the feet. Only one or two beacons were visible at any time, but positions were taken from configurations composed of many points. In this way samples of the nexus of pregeodesics of visual space were obtained. The results are interpreted in terms of a curvature of optical space, and in terms of a nonlinear range — depth relation. The results are in conflict with constant-curvature models (such as Luneburg's) of optical space: the curvature is elliptical in near space and changes to hyperbolical in far space. The nexus of pregeodesics does not necessarily involve a metric at all and is thus a more primitive structure of optical space than conventionally considered in the literature.
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