Journal articles: 'Eggs'

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Hoerning, Edward F. "Eggs and Egg Products." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 82, no. 2 (March 1, 1999): 430–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/82.2.430.

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Hoerning, Edward F. "Eggs and Egg Products." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 81, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/81.1.164.

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Máchal, L., S. Jeřábek, M. Zatloukal, and E. Straková. "Defective eggs and their relationship to egg yield, egg and body weight in hens of five original laying lines." Czech Journal of Animal Science 49, No. 2 (December 12, 2011): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4279-cjas.

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We investigated 3 985 individually housed hens of five original laying lines of two breeds RIR and BPR. The proportion of abnormal eggs out of the eggs laid before the age of 240 days ranged between 7.0% and 9.7%, in dependence on the line. The average number of cracked eggs ranged between 2.5% and 4.4%, double-yolk eggs between 2.2% and 3.0% and shell-less eggs between 2.0% and 2.7%. The correlation between the number of eggs laid at the beginning of the laying period and during the period of observation, and the frequency of double-yolk eggs was positive (rP = 0.00 to rP = 0.21) and mostly statistically highly significant (P < 0.01). On the other hand, statistically highly significant negative correlations (P < 0.01) were found between the number of eggs laid during the period of observation and the frequency of cracked eggs, where the correlations in the individual lines ranged between rP = –0.04 and rP = –0.23. Positive correlations, mostly statistically highly significant (P < 0.01), were found between the number of eggs laid during the period of observation and the frequency of shell-less eggs (rP = 0.00 to rP = 0.15). With the increasing weight of eggs the frequency of abnormal eggs also increased, in particular of double-yolk eggs (rP = 0.08 to rp= 0.32), for the most part statistically highly significantly (P < 0.01). The correlations between the individual types of abnormal eggs were positive. Statistically highly significant correlations (P < 0.01) were discovered between the frequency of double-yolk eggs and cracked eggs (rP = –0.02 to rp= 0.22) on the one hand and, between double-yolk eggs and shell-less eggs (rP = 0.16 to rP = 0.24) on the other.

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Sa'adah, Sa'adah, Ratih Dewi Dwiyanti, and Leka Lutpiatina. "Salmonella sp Contamination on Chicken Eggs and Duck Eggs at the Antasari Traditional Market, Banjarmasin, Indonesia." Tropical Health and Medical Research 6, no. 1 (April 16, 2024): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35916/thmr.v6i1.114.

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Chicken eggs and duck eggs can be a source of transmission of Salmonellosis. Salmonella bacteria can penetrate the eggshell, or the egg's contents can become directly contaminated with Salmonella in the reproductive organs before the shell covers the egg. This research aims to analyze Salmonella sp in chicken and duck eggs at the Antasari Traditional Market in Banjarmasin, Indonesia. Samples were taken by purposive sampling with the criteria for cracked/broken eggs and intact eggs: 3 chicken eggs and three duck eggs from 6 traders so that the total sample was 24. For the identification of bacteria, microscopic tests and biochemical tests were used on the identification media. The results showed Salmonella sp in duck eggs and no Salmonella in chicken eggs. In all samples of chicken and duck eggs, 12.50% of Salmonella sp, 37.50% of Klebsiella sp, 12.50% of Proteus sp, and 37.50% of Pseudomonas sp were found. Suggestions for consumers are to pay more attention to the hygiene and sanitation of traders before buying eggs, choose clean eggs, store eggs in the refrigerator, and cook eggs until they are cooked.

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Daley, M., and TN Tolen. "Single and combined effects of oregano leaf and clove oils on the reduction of salmonella enteritidis on chicken egg shells." International Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Technology 10, no. 3 (July 3, 2024): 087–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/2455-815x.000211.

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Table eggs are versatile foodstuffs used in various food products. Eggs are often consumed or incorporated into other food products to enhance taste and nutrition and act as an emulsifying agent. Too often the consumption of contaminated eggs leads to foodborne illnesses in people. When whole eggs or egg products come into contact with contaminated surfaces or other contaminated eggs, pathogens can spread from one egg to another. Research has been conducted to uncover ways to protect whole eggs and their products from contamination by coating the egg’s exterior with edible coatings. Mineral oil, among other edible oils, is one such oil shown to be effective in reducing the bacteria in eggs when applied to the egg’s exterior. With the average consumer becoming more aware of the chemicals used in the preservation of food, some researchers have started to explore more natural solutions to minimize the contamination of food products. The use of essential oils to prevent contamination has been studied and analyzed for their antimicrobial properties in the inhibition of the growth of foodborne pathogens. The oils used in this current study are Oregano and Clove Oil. Both oils used individually and combined compared to a positive control showed no differences (p > 0.05). Interestingly, when the oils were combined 1:1 there was a difference of 0.66 log in the survival bacterial counts compared to the positive control. However, this difference was also not significant (p > 0.05).

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Sun, Li, Shi Qing Zhang, Jian Rong Cai, Hao Lin, and Gen Gen Fang. "The Application of DSP in Eggshell Quality Online Detection System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 43 (December 2010): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.43.68.

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An on-line system which based on acoustic resonance employed digital signal processer (DSP) as its core device for eggshell crack detection. The system consists of the IR trigger for detecting the egg’s coming, the motor drive for driving the DC motor, the signal conditioning circuit for signal amplification and filter and DSP for control and signal processing. Based on the analysis of response signal of eggshell which excited with a light mechanical, four featured descriptors were exacted for discriminating intact and cracked eggs. By using the on-line system for detection of cracked eggs, the identification rates of intact eggs and cracked eggs were 93.75% and 96.25%, respectively. This system can detect 5 eggs within one second, it completely meet the needs of on-line detection.

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Hirsch, Emmet. "Good eggs and bad eggs." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 215, no. 6 (December 2016): 800–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2016.09.077.

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Zhang, Hong Jun, Li Jia Xu, Wen Long Zhao, Ming Dan Liu, Wen Jun Zhou, and Chao Yang. "A New Method to Recognize Unfertilized Egg in Early Incubation Stage." Applied Mechanics and Materials 121-126 (October 2011): 4335–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.4335.

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In order to achieve higher recognition rate of unfertilized eggs, the paper proposes a new method based on the area feature of egg's vertical image and the classifier BP network. The eggs hatched 2-5 days are selected as the experiment objects in our study. Four kinds of feature, including the gray feature and the area feature extracted from the egg's vertical image and the egg's horizontal image, respectively, are sent to BP network to accomplish the recognition of unfertilized eggs. The experiment results indicate that the area feature of egg's vertical image contains more category information, and this kind of feature classified by BP network can reach 97.86% of recognition rate. Moreover, it is almost free from some external factors, such as light, camera, eggshell and the parameters of BP network. While the other features sent to BP network, the recognition rate can be reached to only 86.43%. This study provides an effective and useful method to recognize unfertilized egg in early incubation stage.

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Abed, S. A. "Bacterial Contamination in the Components of the Chickens' Eggs." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 31, no. 1 (March 29, 2020): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v31i1.805.

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In 120 hen eggs ( local eggs , hatching eggs and table eggs ) a bacteriologicalpollution with high rate was observed by isolating 427 bacterial isolates fromwhich 199 isolates related to the egg's shell , 117 isolates related to albumen sac,and 111 isolates related to yolk sac .The Salmonella ssp isolates were the greater number (142 isolates) ,Echerichia coli ( 138 isolates ) , Streptococcus ssp ( 89 isolated) and latelyStaphylococcus ssp ( 58 isolates ) which was never isolated from internal eggcomponents (Albumen Sac and yolk sac) .The study explains that the shell of the egg is more contaminated thanAlbumen Sac and yolk sac and that the table egg is more contaminated than theother groups.

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SHEIDAEE, Ehsan, and Pourya BAZYAR. "Design and Fabrication of Egg Quality Assessment System Based on Image Processing." Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.46592/turkager.2021.v02i01.009.

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Eggs are a nutritious and important food in human daily diet, which is considered as a protein source of food. The most acceptable index for evaluating egg quality is Haugh unit with two factors, i.e. the weight of intact egg and the height of broken egg’s albumin. Hauge unit has three classification: firm (higher than 72), reasonably firm (higher than 72), and weak (less than 60). Average results for Haugh unit on the first, fourth, eighth, twelfth, and sixteenth days (five eggs in each step) were 113.39, 91.47, 74.56, 72.04, and 64.14 respectively. On the first, fourth and eighth days, eggs were intact but the quality of the eggs decreases on the next days. This research aims to sort healthy eggs from others and swell the rate of sorting.

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Michalska, Katarzyna, Agnieszka Mrowińska, Marcin Studnicki, and Manoj Kumar Jena. "Feeding Behaviour of the Mite Blattisocius mali on Eggs of the Fruit Flies Drosophila melanogaster and D. hydei." Diversity 15, no. 5 (May 11, 2023): 652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15050652.

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Many predatory mites use insects for dispersal; however, their possible negative effects on insect hosts during transportation and on insect offspring while preying in the hosts’ habitats are still poorly understood. A recent study has revealed that the predatory mite Blattisocius mali can not only spread by means of drosophilid fruit flies but also feed on their bodies during dispersal. The aim of this study was to examine the capability of B. mali to prey upon the eggs of their fruit fly hosts and determine the effect of the egg’s age on the voracity of this predator. Drosophila melanogaster oviposited on agar media for 1 h and D. hydei for 8 or 16 h. During 10-h experiments with fifteen fly eggs per cage, a single female predator totally consumed on average 3.62 ± 0.673 “1-h” D. melanogaster eggs and 3.00 ± 0.612 “8-h” eggs of D. hydei, while it partially consumed 2.75 ± 0.586 and 3.00 ± 0.612 eggs of each fly species. In the experiments involving D. hydei, the predator totally destroyed a similar number of “8-h” and “16-h” eggs, but it partially consumed significantly more younger eggs than older eggs. Ethological observations showed that mites returned to some partially fed eggs, usually from the side where the first puncture was made, and only then did they consume them whole.

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12

Kuo, Alex. "Eggs." Chicago Review 36, no. 3/4 (1989): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25305463.

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Cherubin, Dan. "Eggs." Journal of Agricultural & Food Information 7, no. 1 (April 2006): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j108v07n01_03.

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Fore, Harold. "EGGS." Nutrition & Food Science 88, no. 4 (April 1988): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb059190.

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Yen, Peggy Kloster. "Eggs-actly what's up with eggs?" Geriatric Nursing 9, no. 5 (September 1988): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0197-4572(88)80235-0.

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16

King`ori, A. M. "Uses of Poultry Eggs: Egg Albumen and Egg Yolk." Research Journal of Poultry Sciences 5, no. 2 (February 1, 2012): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/rjpscience.2012.9.13.

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Rafferty, Nicole E., P. Dee Boersma, and Ginger A. Rebstock. "Intraclutch Egg-Size Variation in Magellanic Penguins." Condor 107, no. 4 (November 1, 2005): 921–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/107.4.921.

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Abstract We investigated patterns and consequences of intraclutch egg-size variation in Magellanic Penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus). First-laid eggs were significantly larger than second-laid eggs, although the mean difference represented only 2% of an average egg's volume. The degree of intraclutch egg-size variation was similar among years and females of different ages. Intraclutch egg-size variation did not affect intraclutch differences in chick hatching weights or fledging success. We found no selective advantage for laying eggs of different sizes. Because both eggs have an equal probability of being lost, chance favors equal provisioning of eggs. Egg volume explained 35% of the variation in hatching weight but did not determine fledging success. Laying order, year, and female age were better predictors of fledging success than egg size. Factors such as laying and hatching order, parental quality, oceanographic conditions, fights, and predation are more important in determining chick survival than are differences in egg size.

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Almeida, Dayane Santos de, Aline Félix Schneider, Flavio Manabu Yuri, Bárbara Dalazen Machado, and Clóvis Eliseu Gewehr. "Egg shell treatment methods effect on commercial eggs quality." Ciência Rural 46, no. 2 (November 3, 2015): 336–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20140904.

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ABSTRACT: The objective was to evaluate commercial eggs quality after being subjected to a cleaning process and immersion in whey protein concentrate (WPC) as a function of storage time. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial 4x7, being four methods of treating shell (not cleaned and not coated with WPC, not cleaned and coated with WPC, cleaned and not coated with WPC, cleaned and coated with WPC and seven periods of storage (1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days) for a total of 28 treatments, with five replicates of four eggs each. Quality parameters evaluated were weight loss of eggs (%), specific gravity (g/cm3), haugh units (HU), yolk index (YI) and potential hydrogen (pH) albumen. The storage period increase, regardless of the shell treatment method, causing weight loss in eggs, reductions in specific gravity in the Haugh units, yolk index and increase in the albumen pH. The cleaning method makes egg's internal quality worse during storage. Coverage of whey protein concentrate is a viable alternative for commercial eggs conservation stored at room temperature in order to minimize quality loss during storage, including eggs that need to go through the cleaning process.

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Yisau, Muideen A., O. H. Gbagba, O. A. Ijose, O. A. Akintunde, and O. A. Jayeola. "CORRELATION BETWEEN EGG QUALITY PARAMETERS OF WILD GUINEA FOWL NUMIDA MELEAGRIS SOURCED FROM THREE MARKETS IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 7, no. 3 (June 30, 2023): 186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2023-0703-1393.

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The potential of Wild Guinea fowl for domestication is still not totally exploited as there are needs for improved variability. This study was done in order to analyze egg features of wild Guinea fowl, Numida meleagris. A total of 27 eggs were obtained from three different markets in Ogun state and they were assessed for both external and internal features. Highest values of Haugh unit, albumen width, albumen height and egg shape index of 89.28%, 41.36mm, 6.34mm and 81.56% were recorded in eggs collected at Sabo market respectively. Highest egg width-37.57mm, egg weight- 34.38g and yolk diameter- 34.94mm were reported from eggs sourced from Itoku market while highest egg length-46.99mm, yolk height-16.29mm, yolk index-48.24% and albumen index- 24% were recorded in eggs obtained at Oke-Aje markets. Eggs internal and external parameters were not significantly different between the three markets (p > 0.05) but correlation between the parameters varied from positive to negative. Considerable association were found between egg shape index and egg’s weight, albumen index and albumen width, weight of eggs and egg length, using Pearson's correlation coefficients with p-value of significance at 0.05 and 0.01. It is concluded that the wild eggs of guinea fowls sourced from the three markets had good quality traits in terms of the Haugh unit.

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Caitonde, Vishwas R. "Pigs is Pigs and Eggs is Eggs." Iowa Review 45, no. 1 (March 2015): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/0021-065x.7561.

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Petzoldt, U., and A. Muggleton-Harris. "The effect of the nucleocytoplasmic ratio on protein synthesis and expression of a stage-specific antigen in early cleaving mouse embryos." Development 99, no. 4 (April 1, 1987): 481–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.99.4.481.

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The nucleocytoplasmic ratio of fertilized mouse eggs was manipulated by removing or injecting cytoplasm by micropipette, and bisection of denuded eggs to obtain both pronuclei in one half of the eggs cytoplasm. The experimental eggs were capable of cleavage to the morula stage and, in some instances, developed to the blastocyst stage similar to unmanipulated eggs. The removal of large quantities of cytoplasm by micropipette and injecting them into a recipient egg did not provide sufficient numbers of viable eggs, whereas transfer of smaller quantities (about a quarter of the cytoplasm) was less deleterious, at least for recipient eggs. However, the alteration of the nucleocytoplasmic ratio by this method was not of the correct magnitude for the purpose of this experiment. Therefore, bisection was the preferred method whereby the nucleocytoplasmic ratio was doubled. This resulted in both pronuclei residing in one half of the egg's cytoplasm. Half eggs with one pronucleus (haploid) but retaining a nucleocytoplasmic ratio similar to unmanipulated control eggs served as additional controls for the bisection experiments. Protein synthesis was analysed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, showing that the 2-cell- and 4-cell-stage bisected embryos with double and normal nucleocytoplasmic ratio expressed equivalent protein synthesis patterns as control embryos of the same stage. Likewise, the stage-specific surface antigen SSEA-1 did not appear before the 6- to 8-cell stage. Also in cytoplasm transfer experiments, there was no indication that altering the nucleocytoplasmic ratio in either direction changed the timing of stage-specific gene expression. These results support the idea that stage-specific gene activity during early mouse cleavage might proceed in parallel to DNA replication cycles and is independent of the nucleocytoplasmic ratio.

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Binh Nguyen, Tran Thi, Nguyen Huu Duc, and Nguyen Thi Dieu Thuy. "ASSOCIATION OF PROLACTIN GENE POLYMORPHISM WITH EGG PRODUCTION TRAIT IN LIEN MINH CHICKEN." Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology 16, no. 2 (December 17, 2018): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1811-4989/16/2/13435.

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Lien Minh chicken is an indigenous breed with several favorable properties, such as good meat quality and associated with the economic development of the people in the Lien Minh village, Cat Hai, Hai Phong. Chicken prolactin is a candidate gene involved in egg production trait. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of Prolactin gene (PRL) concerning with reproductive trait in Lien Minh chicken. All hens were kept in individual laying cage and phenotypic data for total 90 hens were recorded as following: age at first egg, first egg’s weight, number of eggs, eggs’ weight, and eggs’ shape index. Blood samples were used for DNA extraction and then genotyping by PCR-RFLP method. Two SNPs of PRL gene were analyzed including: 24 bp indel in promoter (PRL24) and C2402T in 5' flanking region (PRL5). The polymorphic sites at PRL24 and PRL5 showed two genotypes with the frequency of ID (0.27), DD (0.73) and CT (0.41), TT (0.59), respectively. Allele frequencies of PRL24 and PRL5 were: I (0.13), D (0.87) and C (0.21), T (0.79), respectively. Genotypes ID PRL24 and CT at PRL5 showed the highest values of mean weight of eggs 47.57 ± 3,11 g and 46.91 ± 4.29 g, respectively (P < 0.05). In addition, the individual with genotype ID, CT also gave better reproductive characteristics such as number of eggs, first egg’s weight. These results suggested that the beneficial alleles/genotypes could be used to support the improvement of the egg production capacity in the breeding of Lien Minh chicken.

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WORMAN, PEGGY E., and PHYLLIS A. STAATS. "A COMPARISON OF DEVILED EGGS MADE FROM FRESH EGGS AND COMMERCIALLY PREPARED EGGS." Foodservice Research International 3, no. 4 (December 1985): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4506.1985.tb00068.x.

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24

Hanley, Daniel, Tomáš Grim, Branislav Igic, Peter Samaš, Analía V. López, Matthew D. Shawkey, and Mark E. Hauber. "Egg discrimination along a gradient of natural variation in eggshell coloration." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1848 (February 8, 2017): 20162592. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.2592.

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Accurate recognition of salient cues is critical for adaptive responses, but the underlying sensory and cognitive processes are often poorly understood. For example, hosts of avian brood parasites have long been assumed to reject foreign eggs from their nests based on the total degree of dissimilarity in colour to their own eggs, regardless of the foreign eggs' colours. We tested hosts' responses to gradients of natural (blue-green to brown) and artificial (green to purple) egg colours, and demonstrate that hosts base rejection decisions on both the direction and degree of colour dissimilarity along the natural, but not artificial, gradient of egg colours. Hosts rejected brown eggs and accepted blue-green eggs along the natural egg colour gradient, irrespective of the total perceived dissimilarity from their own egg's colour. By contrast, their responses did not vary along the artificial colour gradient. Our results demonstrate that egg recognition is specifically tuned to the natural gradient of avian eggshell colour and suggest a novel decision rule. These results highlight the importance of considering sensory reception and decision rules when studying perception, and illustrate that our understanding of recognition processes benefits from examining natural variation in phenotypes.

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Pavlovski, Z., Z. Skrbic, and M. Lukic. "Table eggs of known origin and guaranteed quality: Brand egg." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 23, no. 5-6-1 (2007): 485–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah0701485p.

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The fact that most of consumers according to polls and questionnaires in our country, value the most freshness of eggs, and that at the same time they are not satisfied with it, there is necessity to provide guaranteed fresh eggs of high quality. Similar situation in other countries and cities in Serbia has induced some of producers of table eggs to develop production programs and marketing of eggs of known origin and guaranteed quality. Table eggs are produced and sold according to demands of consumers with integrated control system based on two EU Directives (No 1907/90 and No 1274/91). Program contains several components (defining of brand, production, quality control, commercial advertising) and each of the components is of conceptual importance, integral part and as such cannot be left out or neglected. In general, product of such Program cannot be only brand egg but result of entire integrated system of production, sale, quality control, marketing, and represent links in the chain - from producer of eggs to consumer.

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Cattapan, Alana Rose. "Good eggs? Evaluating consent forms for egg donation." Journal of Medical Ethics 42, no. 7 (March 7, 2016): 455–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2015-102964.

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PERRINS, C. M. "Eggs, egg formation and the timing of breeding." Ibis 138, no. 1 (June 28, 2008): 2–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1996.tb04308.x.

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Birkhead, Tim R., M. Attard, and A. Pilastro. "Subtle Egg‐Shell Membrane Structures in Birds’ Eggs." Molecular Reproduction and Development 86, no. 4 (January 17, 2019): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.23103.

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Sánchez-Hernández, Eva, Pablo Martín-Ramos, Jonatan Niño-Sánchez, Sergio Diez-Hermano, Flor Álvarez-Taboada, Rodrigo Pérez-García, Alberto Santiago-Aliste, Jesús Martín-Gil, and Julio Javier Diez-Casero. "Characterization of Leptoglossus occidentalis Eggs and Egg Glue." Insects 14, no. 4 (April 19, 2023): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14040396.

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The western conifer seed bug (Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann, 1910, Heteroptera: Coreidae) has a significant economic impact due to the reduction in the quality and viability of conifer seed crops; it can feed on up to 40 different species of conifers, showing a clear predilection for Pinus pinea L. in Europe. Its incidence is especially relevant for the pine nut-producing industry, given that the action of this pest insect can reduce the production of pine nuts by up to 25%. As part of ongoing efforts aimed at the design of control strategies for this insect, this work focuses on the characterization (by scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy, GC–MS) of the compounds released by these insects during oviposition, with emphasis on the adhesive secretion that holds L. occidentalis eggs together. Elemental analysis pointed to the presence of significant amounts of compounds with high nitrogen content. Functional groups identified by infrared spectroscopy were compatible with the presence of chitin, scleroproteins, LNSP-like and gelatin proteins, shellac wax analogs, and policosanol. Regarding the chemical species identified by GC–MS, eggs and glue hydromethanolic extracts shared constituents such as butyl citrate, dibutyl itaconate, tributyl aconitate, oleic acid, oleamide, erucamide, and palmitic acid, while eggs also showed stearic and linoleic acid-related compounds. Knowledge of this composition may allow advances in new strategies to address the problem caused by L. occidentalis.

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Purahong, B., W. Krungseanmuang, V. Chaowalittawin, T. Pumee, I. Kanjanasurat, and A. Lasakul. "Classification of Overlapping Eggs Based on Image Processing." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2261, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2261/1/012023.

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Abstract This paper presents a method for classifying the overlapped eggs and counting the number of eggs on the conveyor belt using image processing techniques. The image was acquired by a webcam camera that connected to the computer and then rescaled. The image was then converted to grayscale and noise was reduced using a Gaussian blur filter. Otsu’s Binarization is used to convert the image to binary. The binary image is then subjected to morphological operations. Following that, using the Watershed Algorithm, separate the egg’s overlapped area. Finally, the prepared image is ready to be counted using the contour matrix method. This method independently classifies each egg segmentation and can count up to 18 eggs per frame with a processing time of less than 1 second.

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Intarakumthornchai, Thanasan, and Ramil Kesvarakul. "Double yolk eggs detection using fuzzy logic." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (November 5, 2020): e0241888. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241888.

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Chicken egg products increased by 60% worldwide resulting in the farmers or traders egg industry. The double yolk (DY) eggs are priced higher than single yolk (SY) eggs around 35% at the same size. Although, separating DY from SY will increase more revenue but it has to be replaced at the higher cost from skilled labor for sorting. Normally, the separation of double yolk eggs required the expertise person by weigh and shape of egg but it is still high error. The purpose of this research is to detect double-yolked (DY) chicken eggs with weight and ratio of the egg’s size using fuzzy logic and developing a low cost prototype to reduce the cost of separation. The K-means clustering is used for separating DY and SY, firstly. However, the error from this technique is still high as 15.05% because of its hard clustering. Therefore, the intersection zone scattering from using the weight and ratio of the egg’s size to input of DY and SY is taken into consider with fuzzy logic algorithm, to improve the error. The results of errors from fuzzy logic are depended with input membership functions (MF). This research selects triangular MF of weight as low = 65 g, medium = 75 g and high = 85 g, while ratio of the egg is triangular MF as low = 1.30, medium = 1.40 and high = 1.50. This algorithm is not provide the minimum total error but it gives the low error to detect a double yolk while the real egg is SY as 1.43% of total eggs. This algorithm is applied to develop a double yolk egg detection prototype with Mbed platform by a load cell and OpenMV CAM, to measure the weight and ratio of the egg respectively.

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Wiemann, Jasmina, Tzu-Ruei Yang, Philipp N. Sander, Marion Schneider, Marianne Engeser, Stephanie Kath-Schorr, Christa E. Müller, and P. Martin Sander. "Dinosaur origin of egg color: oviraptors laid blue-green eggs." PeerJ 5 (August 29, 2017): e3706. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3706.

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Protoporphyrin (PP) and biliverdin (BV) give rise to the enormous diversity in avian egg coloration. Egg color serves several ecological purposes, including post-mating signaling and camouflage. Egg camouflage represents a major character of open-nesting birds which accomplish protection of their unhatched offspring against visually oriented predators by cryptic egg coloration. Cryptic coloration evolved to match the predominant shades of color found in the nesting environment. Such a selection pressure for the evolution of colored or cryptic eggs should be present in all open nesting birds and relatives. Many birds are open-nesting, but protect their eggs by continuous brooding, and thus exhibit no or minimal eggshell pigmentation. Their closest extant relatives, crocodiles, protect their eggs by burial and have unpigmented eggs. This phylogenetic pattern led to the assumption that colored eggs evolved within crown birds. The mosaic evolution of supposedly avian traits in non-avian theropod dinosaurs, however, such as the supposed evolution of partially open nesting behavior in oviraptorids, argues against this long-established theory. Using a double-checking liquid chromatography ESI-Q-TOF mass spectrometry routine, we traced the origin of colored eggs to their non-avian dinosaur ancestors by providing the first record of the avian eggshell pigments protoporphyrin and biliverdin in the eggshells of Late Cretaceous oviraptorid dinosaurs. The eggshell parataxonMacroolithus yaotunensiscan be assigned to the oviraptorHeyuannia huangibased on exceptionally preserved, late developmental stage embryo remains. The analyzed eggshells are from three Late Cretaceous fluvial deposits ranging from eastern to southernmost China. Reevaluation of these taphonomic settings, and a consideration of patterns in the porosity of completely preserved eggs support an at least partially open nesting behavior for oviraptorosaurs. Such a nest arrangement corresponds with our reconstruction of blue-green eggs for oviraptors. According to the sexual signaling hypothesis, the reconstructed blue-green eggs support the origin of previously hypothesized avian paternal care in oviraptorid dinosaurs. Preserved dinosaur egg color not only pushes the current limits of the vertebrate molecular and associated soft tissue fossil record, but also provides a perspective on the potential application of this unexplored paleontological resource.

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Widodo, Wahyu, and Priyantini Widiyaningrum. "Selection of Cuculidae to the Hosts Based on the External Characteristics of the Eggs." Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education 10, no. 1 (April 2, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.9939.

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Most of Cuculidae were known as parasitic birds, and they breed depend on their hosts. The obyective of the study was to know the external characteristics of the eggs of Cuculidae and their hosts which includes several components. e.i. shell color, shape, length, diameter and egg index. Those species of Cuculidae were Cacomantis merulinus lanceolatus, Cacomantis variolus sepulcralis, Surniculus lugubris lugubris and Eudynamys scolopaceus malayanus. There were 117 item of the bird egg reference’s collections in the Ornithology Laboratory, Zoology Division, Research Center for Biology, LIPI, in Cibinong, used as a research materials. Color and form the egg from every sample noted by pursuant to direct eyesight with the eye if possible and assisted with the magnifier, especially at flimsy spots egg’s color. The results shown that egg size of Cuculidae groups are bigger than their host eggs. Generally, the color variation of eggs of Cuculidae and their hosts are white or bluish white and their combination like as brown and greenish. The eggs shape of Cuculidae and host are similar, namely oval with IFO value about 73 - 75%. The Cuculidae family pays attention to the color, spot pattern and shape of the host’s eggs in choosing the host for their own eggs. Though, there was also a tendency not to recognize the characteristic of the host’s egg. The studies represent an early stage in an attempt to strive the conservation of Cuculidae the bird hosts.

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Hildebrandt, Martha. "Got Eggs?" Teaching Children Mathematics 21, no. 7 (March 2015): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/teacchilmath.21.7.0448.

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Berndt, Frauke. "On Eggs." Figurationen 20, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7788/figu.2019.20.1.103.

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Brown, Janice, Kurihara Sadako, and Richard Minear. "Black Eggs." Journal of the Association of Teachers of Japanese 30, no. 1 (April 1996): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/489668.

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Holden, Constance. "Eggs-aggeration." Science 255, no. 5050 (March 13, 1992): 1359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.255.5050.1359.a.

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Milius, Susan. "Eggs Scramble." Science News 169, no. 4 (January 28, 2006): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3982481.

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Elizabeth Bush. "Eggs (review)." Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books 61, no. 9 (2008): 401–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bcc.0.0004.

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Jones, David. "Augmented eggs." Nature 417, no. 6886 (May 2002): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/417240a.

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Eversole, Norma Ramsey. "Gathering Eggs." Appalachian Heritage 29, no. 2 (2001): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aph.2001.0102.

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Powell, Kendall. "Antiinflammatory eggs." Journal of Experimental Medicine 202, no. 10 (November 21, 2005): 1305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem20210iti3.

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Mills, Allan. "Balancing eggs." Physics Education 49, no. 2 (March 2014): 176–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9120/49/2/176.

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Ozeki, Ruth. "Duck Eggs." Massachusetts Review 60, no. 2 (2019): 238–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mar.2019.0037.

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Kiessling, Ann A. "Eggs alone." Nature 434, no. 7030 (March 2005): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/434145a.

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Bebington, Andy. "Tough eggs." New Scientist 206, no. 2763 (June 2010): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(10)61379-6.

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Couzin-Frankel, J. "Eggs unlimited." Science 350, no. 6261 (November 5, 2015): 620–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.350.6261.620.

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Shykoff, Jacqui A., and Alex Widmer. "Eggs first." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 13, no. 4 (April 1998): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5347(98)01362-7.

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Bamberg, John, and Tim Penttila. "Transitive eggs." Innovations in Incidence Geometry: Algebraic, Topological and Combinatorial 4, no. 1 (2006): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2140/iig.2006.4.1.

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Byskov, Anne Grete, Malcolm J. Faddy, Josephine G. Lemmen, and Claus Yding Andersen. "Eggs forever?" Differentiation 73, no. 9-10 (December 2005): 438–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-0436.2005.00045.x.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Eggs'

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