Journal articles: 'Efficienza termica'

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Li, Liu-Liu, Young-Joon Seo, and Min-Ho Ha. "The efficiency of major container terminals in China: super-efficiency data envelopment analysis approach." Maritime Business Review 6, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mabr-08-2020-0051.

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Purpose Seaports are a signifier for the world economy and international trade. Notwithstanding the considerable role of Chinese ports in global trade, only few studies have explored the efficiency of Chinese container terminals. Furthermore, studies on Chinese port efficiency has typically centered on port-level analysis, not terminal level. Therefore, this study aims to examine the operation efficiency of Chinese container terminals. Design/methodology/approach This study uses super-efficiency data envelopment analysis (SE-DEA) approach. SE-DEA is superior than basic DEA model because it is feasible for categorizing and ranking the efficiency of container terminals more accurately and comprehensively. In the basic model, if the several decision-making units (DMUs) are efficient, the efficiency value of them is “1.” However, in the SE-DEA model, the most efficient DMU is over “1.” Based on the level of container throughput in 2018, the top 20 Chinese container terminal companies were selected. Various production quotas were selected as inputs, while the container throughput was considered output. Findings The findings show that Terminal Shanghai Mingdong Container Terminal Co., Ltd. was ranked 1, followed by Shanghai Shengdong International Container Terminal Co., Ltd., Shanghai International Port (Group) Co., Ltd. and Yidong Container Terminal Branch. Originality/value This study contributes to providing some insights into Chinese container terminal industry to augment the efficiency. This study also provides practical and policy implications (e.g. better terminal operations) for container terminals.

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Nagaraja, G., H. S. Rameshbabu, and Gowrishankar Gowrishankar. "HERA: High-Efficiency Resource Allocation Scheme for Newly Joined Mobile Terminal in Heterogeneous Wireless Network." Indian Journal Of Science And Technology 15, no. 25 (July 5, 2022): 1244–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v15i25.713.

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Dumitrescu, C., R. Rădoi, C. Cristescu, and L. Dumitrescu. "EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF A COMBINED THERMAL SYSTEM FOR EFFICIENT USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGIES." INMATEH Agricultural Engineering 60, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-60-32.

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The article presents an experimental model of a modular structure system for the production of thermal energy and the results of conducting specific tests. The experimental model uses two renewable energy sources - solar energy and energy generated by burning biomass - to provide thermal energy for an increased duration, regardless of the atmospheric factors. Properly sized, the system can be designed as a series product, in a variety of powers, to be used by heat suppliers, and also by individuals, especially the ones from remote areas, who want to ensure their thermal energy independence by using renewable energy.

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Chen, Bo, Yang Bai, Zhengshan Yu, Tao Li, Xiaopeng Zheng, Qingfeng Dong, Liang Shen, et al. "Efficient Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells for 23.0%-Efficiency Perovskite/Silicon Four-Terminal Tandem Cells." Advanced Energy Materials 6, no. 19 (July 19, 2016): 1601128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201601128.

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Jeh, Jungwaun, Jungwoo Nam, Minseop Sim, Yulseong Kim, and Youngran Shin. "A Study on the Efficiency Analysis of Global Terminal Operators Based on the Operation Characteristics." Sustainability 14, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14010536.

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Shipping and port industries are undergoing rapid environmental changes because of the reorganization of carrier alliances, enlargement of ships, and an increase in global uncertainty. Thus, the sustainable operation of container terminals requires a new assessment of port efficiency and measures to enhance efficient operation. Hence, we classified 21 global terminal operators (GTOs) into stevedore, carrier, and hybrid GTOs based on their operation characteristics and derived a sustainable container terminal operation method using data envelopment analysis efficiency and Malmquist productivity index analysis. The results showed that stevedore GTOs exhibited improved efficiency when the terminal infrastructure was expanded. However, the returns to scale and technical change factors in the productivity change trend decreased. Meanwhile, the objective of carrier GTOs is cost reduction, unlike stevedore and hybrid GTOs, which focus on generating profits. Consequently, carrier GTOs were the most inefficient with little intention to improve efficiency. A systematic efficiency improvement strategy through the acquisition of a terminal share was effective for hybrid GTOs. However, similar to stevedore GTOs, investment in technical change was insufficient for hybrid GTOs. The efficiency analysis we conducted for each operation characteristic is expected to provide useful basic data for establishing efficiency improvement strategies for every GTO.

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Choi, Seokwoo Jake, Gi-Su Kim, and BoKyung Kim. "Economic Efficiency of the Korean Container Terminals: A Stochastic Cost Frontier Approach." Journal of Korea Trade 26, no. 3 (May 30, 2022): 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35611/jkt.2022.26.3.23.

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Purpose - Recent issues such as vessel enlargement, strengthening of environmental regulations, and port smartization are expected to increase costs and intensify competition in the port industry. In the new normal era, when external growth has reached its limit, the efficient operation of ports is becoming indispensable for achieving sustainable growth. This study aims to identify the determinants of inefficiency by examining the cost structure and efficiency of container terminals in Korea and furthermore propose the political implications to derive the maximization of efficiency. Design/methodology - This study estimates the cost function of container terminal operators and identifies the efficiency of container terminals using stochastic cost frontier (SCF) in the first stage. In the second step, the SCF results are compared with the data envelopment analysis (DEA). Last, this paper proposes efficiency determinants on container terminal operation to establish appropriate strategies. Out of the 29 container terminal operators in South Korea, 13 operators participated in the survey. The translog cost function was estimated utilizing a total of 116 observations collected over the 2007-2017 period. Findings - Empirical analysis shows that economies of scale exist in Korea’s container ports, which provides a rationale for the government’s policy to establish the global terminal operator by integrating small terminal operators to enhance competitiveness. In addition, as a result of the determinants analysis, container throughput, weight of direct employment costs, and labour cost share have positive effects on improving cost efficiency, while inefficiency increases as the length of quay increases. More specifically, cost efficiency improves as the proportion of direct employment costs to outsourcing service costs increases. Originality/value - This study contributes to analyzing the inefficiency factors of container terminals through efficiency analysis with respect to a cost function. In addition, this study proposes the practical and political implications, such as establishing a long-term manpower pool, the application of the hybrid liner terminal system, and the construction of a statistical data system, to improve the cost inefficiency of terminal operators.

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Zhang, Chunyang, Min Chen, Fan Fu, Hongwei Zhu, Thomas Feurer, Wenming Tian, Chao Zhu, et al. "CNT-based bifacial perovskite solar cells toward highly efficient 4-terminal tandem photovoltaics." Energy & Environmental Science 15, no. 4 (2022): 1536–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ee04008a.

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We describe highly efficient and stable bifacial perovskite solar cells incorporating carbon nanotube network films as a back contact enabling perovskite/CIS 4-terminal tandem solar cells to reach apower conversion efficiency of over 27%.

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Haberlag, Birte, Matthias Freytag, Constantin G. Daniliuc, Peter G. Jones, and Matthias Tamm. "Efficient Metathesis of Terminal Alkynes." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 51, no. 52 (November 14, 2012): 13019–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201207772.

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Gürel, Seyfettin, and Sezai Alper Tekin. "Bulk Switched DC-DC Buck Converter." Energy, Environment and Storage 2, no. 2 (May 17, 2022): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.52924/bcmq4493.

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This paper presents a buck converter which has an high efficient and low power consumption for low power applications. The proposed topology is based on buck converter using switching MOSFET with bulk-terminal. The suitable bulk-terminal switching voltage is selected by analyzing the effect of bulk voltage on a MOSFET performance. It is concluded that the bulk-switched DC-DC buck converter structure has the advantages such as high switching performance, low power consumption and high efficiency compared to conventional DC-DC converter circuits. The efficiency value has obtained 88.2%. The proposed circuit is approved experimentally and simultaneously

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Li, Wang, Zhu Xiaoning, and Xie Zhengyu. "Efficient container stacking approach to improve handling: efficiency in Chinese rail–truck transshipment terminals." SIMULATION 96, no. 1 (April 16, 2019): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549719843347.

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An efficient container stacking approach is vital to the handling efficiency of container transshipment terminals. In this paper, by considering container allocation preferences and operation distance, the container stacking problem in rail–truck transshipment terminals has been formulated as a multi-objective optimization model to minimize container overlapping amounts and crane moving distance. A simulation-based algorithm implementing process has been developed to stack containers to the optimum positions. Computational experiments on data from a rail–truck transshipment terminal in China are conducted to test the efficiency of the proposed approach. Experimental results demonstrate that the container stacking approach is efficient and significant for improving handling efficiency in rail–truck transshipment terminals.

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Krstić, Mladen, Snežana Tadić, Valerio Elia, Stefania Massari, and Muhammad Umar Farooq. "Intermodal Terminal Subsystem Technology Selection Using Integrated Fuzzy MCDM Model." Sustainability 15, no. 4 (February 13, 2023): 3427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15043427.

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Intermodal transportation is the use of multiple modes of transportation, which can lead to greater sustainability by reducing environmental impact and traffic congestion and increasing the efficiency of supply chains. One of the preconditions for efficient intermodal transport is the efficient intermodal terminal (IT). ITs allow for the smooth and efficient handling of cargo, thus reducing the time, cost, and environmental impact of transportation. Adequate selection of subsystem technologies can significantly improve the efficiency and productivity of an IT, ultimately leading to cost savings for businesses and a more efficient and sustainable transportation system. Accordingly, this paper aims to establish a framework for the evaluation and selection of appropriate technologies for IT subsystems. To solve the defined problem, an innovative hybrid multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) model, which combines the fuzzy factor relationship (FFARE) and the fuzzy combinative distance-based assessment (FCODAS) methods, is developed in this paper. The FFARE method is used for obtaining criteria weights, while the FCODAS method is used for evaluation and a final ranking of the alternatives. The established framework and the model are tested on a real-life case study, evaluating and selecting the handling technology for a planned IT. The study defines 12 potential variants of handling equipment based on their techno-operational characteristics and evaluates them using 16 criteria. The results indicate that the best handling technology variant is the one that uses a rail-mounted gantry crane for trans-shipment and a reach stacker for horizontal transport and storage. The results also point to the conclusion that instead of choosing equipment for each process separately, it is important to think about the combination of different handling technologies that can work together to complete a series of handling cycle processes. The main contributions of this paper are the development of a new hybrid model and the establishment of a framework for the selection of appropriate IT subsystem technologies along with a set of unique criteria for their evaluation and selection.

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Chen, Yu, Jia Shun Ren, Zhi Hao Zheng, Yu Xiang, and Wei Yuan Wang. "Development of Satellite/3G+ Multi-Link Communication Terminal Based on Medical Rescue Information System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 1835–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.1835.

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This paper introduces a satellite /3G+ multi-link communication terminal based on medical rescue information system, which provides 3G wireless network and satellite communication services and integrates cellular phone, maritime satellite terminal, BeiDou user device and Iridium phone [1]. The new terminal could improve the communication adaptability and transmission efficiency for the emergency medical rescue information system even in hostile environmental conditions [2] (such as earthquake, flood, and war). Tests showed that: this terminal has the advantages of simple access, rapid switch, efficient transmission, it can also guarantee timely and effective interaction of all kinds of information, so as to ensure the time-effect treatment for emergency medical rescue system [3].

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Pitt, Michael, Fong Kok Wai, and Phua Chai Teck. "Strategic optimisation of airport passenger terminal buildings." Facilities 19, no. 11/12 (November 1, 2001): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02632770110403383.

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Airport design has improved significantly in the last 20 years. Design has moved from simple protection from the elements to almost full automation. Many older airport facilities are now outdated and require replacement. The decision to replace must be made based upon benchmarking with similar airport facilities. Summarises the current position with airport design and suggests that efficient use of facilities cannot depend upon shareholder return alone but must be based on national interest and efficiency demonstrated through external benchmarking. Suggests that facilities managers must be aware of the expectations of the airlines and passengers and the indicators used in the assessment of performance. Outlines the reasons that influence an airport’s decision to upgrade or replace its terminal facilities.

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Boer, C. A., and Y. A. Saanen. "Improving container terminal efficiency through emulation." Journal of Simulation 6, no. 4 (November 2012): 267–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jos.2012.10.

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Yi-Qin Bao, Yi-Qin Bao, Qiang Zhao Yi-Qin Bao, Hao Zheng Qiang Zhao, Hong-Tao Zhang Hao Zheng, Wen-Bin Xu Hong-Tao Zhang, and Zheng-Tang Sun Wen-Bin Xu. "Research on Remote Upgrade Method of Distributed Load Balancing for Power Monitoring Terminal." 電腦學刊 32, no. 5 (October 2021): 128–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/199115992021103205010.

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With the increasing application of power monitoring terminal and the increasing demand for its function, it is necessary to upgrade the field embedded software remotely.The existing online upgrade schemes generally deal with the terminals one by one, and there are also distributed upgrade schemes. However, due to the large differences in the communication performance of terminals in different places, there is a problem of load imbalance, resulting in the low efficiency of the whole upgrade. Aiming at the efficiency of remote online upgrade of power monitoring terminal, a distributed load balancing remote upgrade method is proposed. The power monitoring terminal is upgraded at the same time through the cloud platform, and the genetic algorithm is used for load balancing processing, so as to improve the efficiency. The practical results show that this remote upgrade method improves the upgrade efficiency of the terminal by comparing a variety of upgrade schemes, compared with no load balancing method, the average time of upgrading a terminal is reduced by 36%, which achieves good application effect in practical application.

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Kuang, Jinqiang, and Shengming Ma. "An Efficient Synthesis of Terminal Allenes from Terminal 1-Alkynes." Journal of Organic Chemistry 74, no. 4 (February 20, 2009): 1763–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo802391x.

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Nacion, Anna Liza C. "An Operational Efficiency Assessment of E-Trike and Motorized Tricycles as Public Utility Vehicles." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 12, no. 1 (October 30, 2022): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.a3855.1012122.

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The study focused on the operational efficiency of e-trikes and motorized tricycles as public utility vehicles, leading to the analytical comparison of the data gathered. The comparative analysis on both tricycles reveals that e-trikes are more efficient and safer, consume zero fuel, and almost double in passenger capacity when compared to the motorized tricycle. Further, e-trike can enter narrower streets or alley easily for having lesser width. On the other hand, motorized tricycles are faster and can reach higher kilometrage and with a shorter length, it has no problems on approaching slopes and bumps. M/M/1 was used to evaluate the service performance of the electrical and motorized tricycles in the terminal. The results show that the e-trike terminal service rate is more efficient than that of the motorized terminal where commuters spent lesser time waiting to be served. The study recommends the need to understand further the effects, advantages, and disadvantages of both tricycles as regard the planned implementation in the mode of public transportation system. Additionally, further study may be needed focusing on the economic and environmental sustainability, and the use of renewable resources to contribute on the sustainable development and increase operational efficiency of PUVs.

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Xu, Xiu-Zhen, Yi-Feng Niu, and Can He. "A Minimal Path-Based Method for Computing Multistate Network Reliability." Complexity 2020 (October 22, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8060794.

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Most of modern technological networks that can perform their tasks with various distinctive levels of efficiency are multistate networks, and reliability is a fundamental attribute for their safe operation and optimal improvement. For a multistate network, the two-terminal reliability at demand level d, defined as the probability that the network capacity is greater than or equal to a demand of d units, can be calculated in terms of multistate minimal paths, called d-minimal paths (d-MPs) for short. This paper presents an efficient algorithm to find all d-MPs for the multistate two-terminal reliability problem. To advance the solution efficiency of d-MPs, an improved model is developed by redefining capacity constraints of network components and minimal paths (MPs). Furthermore, an effective technique is proposed to remove duplicate d-MPs that are generated multiple times during solution. A simple example is provided to demonstrate the proposed algorithm step by step. In addition, through computational experiments conducted on benchmark networks, it is found that the proposed algorithm is more efficient.

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Tong, Jinhui, Zhaoning Song, Dong Hoe Kim, Xihan Chen, Cong Chen, Axel F. Palmstrom, Paul F. Ndione, et al. "Carrier lifetimes of >1 μs in Sn-Pb perovskites enable efficient all-perovskite tandem solar cells." Science 364, no. 6439 (April 18, 2019): 475–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aav7911.

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All-perovskite–based polycrystalline thin-film tandem solar cells have the potential to deliver efficiencies of >30%. However, the performance of all-perovskite–based tandem devices has been limited by the lack of high-efficiency, low–band gap tin-lead (Sn-Pb) mixed-perovskite solar cells (PSCs). We found that the addition of guanidinium thiocyanate (GuaSCN) resulted in marked improvements in the structural and optoelectronic properties of Sn-Pb mixed, low–band gap (~1.25 electron volt) perovskite films. The films have defect densities that are lower by a factor of 10, leading to carrier lifetimes of greater than 1 microsecond and diffusion lengths of 2.5 micrometers. These improved properties enable our demonstration of >20% efficient low–band gap PSCs. When combined with wider–band gap PSCs, we achieve 25% efficient four-terminal and 23.1% efficient two-terminal all-perovskite–based polycrystalline thin-film tandem solar cells.

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Rupp, Mark E., Tomas Huerta, R. J. Cavalieri, Elizabeth Lyden, Trevor Van Schooneveld, Philip Carling, and Philip W. Smith. "Optimum Outlier Model for Potential Improvement of Environmental Cleaning and Disinfection." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 35, no. 6 (June 1, 2014): 721–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/676431.

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The effectiveness and efficiency of 17 housekeepers in terminal cleaning 292 hospital rooms was evaluated through adenosine triphosphate detection. A subgroup of housekeepers was identified who were significantly more effective and efficient than their coworkers. These optimum outliers may be used in performance improvement to optimize environmental cleaning.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;35(6):721–723

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KOIDE, TAKESHI, SHUICHI SHINMORI, and HIROAKI ISHII. "EFFICIENT COMPUTATION OF NETWORK RELIABILITY IMPORTANCE ON K-TERMINAL RELIABILITY." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 12, no. 03 (June 2005): 213–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539305001793.

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This paper proposes an algorithm to compute marginal reliability importance for network systems with k-terminal reliability efficiently. Marginal reliability importance is an appropriate quantitative measure on a system component against system reliability and it contributes to design of reliable systems. Computing marginal reliability importance in network systems is time-consuming due to its NP-hardness. This paper extends the algorithm proposed in our last study to deal with k-terminal reliability and incorporates an extended factoring theorem to improve the algorithm. Numerical experiments compare the proposed algorithm with a traditional method to reveal efficiency of the algorithm. The algorithm helps to construct efficient algorithm to reliable network design problems.

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Popker, Dr Suraj M., and Dr Amrut Fati Naik. "An Inefficient Urban Co-operative Credit Societies Moving towards Efficiency Frontier – D.E.A. Approach." Webology 19, no. 1 (January 20, 2022): 447–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v19i1/web19032.

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This paper entitled “An Inefficient urban co-operative credit societies moving towards efficiency frontier –D.E.A. Approach” attempts to measure the efficiency and identify & improve input /output slack of inefficient societies to plot them on efficiency curve by employing Data Envelopment Analysis (D.E.A.) technique. To measure the efficiency of UCCSs operating in the state of Goa, four input variables namely: owned funds, employee cost, interest expenses, and non-interest are selected. The study also considered five output variables namely: interest revenue, other revenue, loan & advances, investments and deposit. The analysis reveals that only ten UCCSs were efficient in terms of constant returns to the scale, variable returns to the scale and scalers efficiency for the period under study. The study identifies that two DMUs out of 30 UCCSs under study consideration have input as well as output slack. Analysis also divulges that one DMU has only output slack during terminal year. Further, study indorses that all inefficient DMUs can maintain its output at same level by reducing inputs if to be on efficient curve.

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vanDyck, George Kobina, Stephen Anokye Domfeh, and George Konney. "Container Terminal Land-Utilisation Efficiency in Ghana." Journal of Transportation Technologies 10, no. 01 (2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jtts.2020.101001.

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Sackett, D. L., B. Bhattacharyya, and J. Wolff. "Tubulin subunit carboxyl termini determine polymerization efficiency." Journal of Biological Chemistry 260, no. 1 (January 1985): 43–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)89688-0.

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Chen, Hai. "Architecture Design and Implementation of Real-Time Tracking System for Vehicular Terminal." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 541–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.541.

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To meet enterprise-class application, the paper constructs a general distributed value-added logistics services platform for real-time tracking and querying the goods during storage and shipping process. Based on RFID, GPS and GSM/GPRS to improve storage and transport efficiency, the whole project consists of vehicle-mounted terminals, control center, and warehouse management system. Focused on the onboard system, architecture design and software implementation of terminals are given. The result shows that the system can provide some references for addressing the transparency of the third party logistics and efficient collaboration.

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Wang, Li, Xiaoning Zhu, and Zhengyu Xie. "Storage Space Allocation of Inbound Container in Railway Container Terminal." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/956536.

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Efficient storage strategy of railway container terminals is important in balancing resource utilization, reducing waiting time, and improving handling efficiency. In this paper, we consider the formulation and solution algorithm for storage space allocation problem of inbound containers in railway container terminal. The problem is formulated as two-stage optimization models, whose objectives are balancing the workload of inbound containers and reducing the overlapping amounts. An algorithm implement process based on rolling horizon approach is designed to solve the proposed models. Computational experiments on an actual railway container terminal show that the proposed approach is effective to solve space allocation problem of inbound container and is significant for the operation and organization of railway container terminals.

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Gough, N. R., M. E. Zweifel, O. Martinez-Augustin, R. C. Aguilar, J. S. Bonifacino, and D. M. Fambrough. "Utilization of the indirect lysosome targeting pathway by lysosome-associated membrane proteins (LAMPs) is influenced largely by the C-terminal residue of their GYXXphi targeting signals." Journal of Cell Science 112, no. 23 (December 1, 1999): 4257–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.112.23.4257.

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A systematic study was conducted on the requirements at the C-terminal position for the targeting of LAMPs to lysosomes, examining the hypothesis that a bulky hydrophobic residue is required. Mutations deleting or replacing the C-terminal valine with G, A, C, L, I, M, K, F, Y, or W were constructed in a reporter protein consisting of the lumenal/extracellular domain of avian LAMP-1 fused to the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of LAMP-2b. The steady-state distribution of each mutant form in mouse L-cells was assessed by quantitative antibody binding assays and immunofluorescence microscopy; efficiency of internalization from the plasma membrane and delivery to the lysosome were also estimated. It is found that (a) only C-terminal V, L, I, M, and F mediated efficient targeting to lysosomes, demonstrating the importance hydrophobicity and an optimal size of the C-terminal residue in targeting; (b) efficiency of lysosomal targeting generally correlated with efficiency of internalization; and (c) mutant forms that did not target well to lysosomes showed unique distributions in cells rather than simply default accumulation in the plasma membrane. Interactions of the targeting signals with adaptor subunits were measured using a yeast two-hybrid assay. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that trafficking of LAMP forms in cells through the indirect pathway is determined by the affinities of their targeting signals, predominantly for the mu2 and mu3 adaptors involved at plasma membrane and endosomal cellular sorting sites, respectively.

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Freulon, I., M. Monsigny, P. Midoux, and R. Mayer. "Spacer Length Dependence on the Efficiency of Dimeric Anionic Peptides in Gene Transfer by Glycosylated Polylysine/Plasmid Complexes." Bioscience Reports 20, no. 5 (October 1, 2000): 383–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1010382001654.

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Amphiphilic anionic peptides have been used to enhance the efficiency of transfection by helping plasmids to escape from endosomes to the cytosol. It has been shown that efficiency of an eicosamers containing five glutamyl residues (E5), can be considerably enhanced either by transforming it into a dimer or by adding a tripeptide WYG in a C-terminal position (E5WYG). The dimerization of the peptide E5WYG leads to a more efficient tool when the dimerization device includes the tripeptide WYG unit and a longer spacer arm made of Gly-γAla-γAla residues, but to a 10-fold less efficient tool when the dimerization device includes a shorter spacer, a glycyl residue. Both dimers are taken up by the cells to a similar extent. Both dimers seem to be surrounded similarly as far as the environmental pH is concerned. In contrast, we found a correlation between the propensity of the peptides to adopt a helical structure at neutral pH and the gene transfer efficiency.

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Haberlag, Birte, Matthias Freytag, Constantin G. Daniliuc, Peter G. Jones, and Matthias Tamm. "ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Metathesis of Terminal Alkynes." ChemInform 44, no. 20 (April 25, 2013): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201320191.

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Yildiz, Turkay, and Funda Yercan. "THE CROSS‐ENTROPY METHOD FOR COMBINATORIAL OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS OF SEAPORT LOGISTICS TERMINAL." TRANSPORT 25, no. 4 (December 31, 2010): 411–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2010.51.

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Studies on seaport operations emphasize the fact that the numbers of resources utilized at seaport terminals add a multitude of complexities to dynamic optimization problems. In such dynamic environments, there has been a need for solving each complex operational problem to increase service efficiency and to improve seaport competitiveness. This paper states the key problems of seaport logistics and proposes an innovative cross‐entropy (CE) algorithm for solving the complex problems of combinatorial seaport logistics. Computational results exhibit that the CE algorithm is an efficient, convenient and applicable stochastic method for solving the optimization problems of seaport logistics operations.

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Giliberti, Gemma, Francesco Di Giacomo, and Federica Cappelluti. "Three Terminal Perovskite/Silicon Solar Cell with Bipolar Transistor Architecture." Energies 15, no. 21 (November 1, 2022): 8146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15218146.

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Solar photovoltaic energy is the most prominent candidate to speed up the transition from the existing non-renewable energy system to a more efficient and environmentally friendly one. Currently, silicon cells dominate the photovoltaic market owing to their cost-effectiveness and high efficiency, nowadays approaching the theoretical limit. Higher efficiency can be achieved by tandem devices, where a wide bandgap semiconductor is stacked on top of the silicon cell. Thin-film perovskite technology has emerged as one of the most promising for the development of silicon-based tandems because of the optimal perovskite opto-electronic properties and the fast progress achieved in the last decade. While most of the reported perovskite/silicon tandem devices exploit a two-terminal series connected structure, three-terminal solutions have recently drawn significant attention due to their potential for higher energy yield. In this work, we report for the first time a theoretical study, based on validated optical and electrical simulations, of three-terminal perovskite/silicon solar cells employing a hetero-junction bipolar transistor structure. With respect to other three-terminal tandems proposed so far, the transistor structure can be implemented with rear-contact silicon cells, which are simpler and more common than interdigitated back-contact ones.

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Xu, Yang, Ming Wang, Kin Keung Lai, and Bhagwat Ram. "A Stochastic Model for Shipping Container Terminal Storage Management." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 10 (October 4, 2022): 1429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101429.

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A good port terminal is not only a major economic multiplier for the nation’s prosperity by being a gateway for trading, but is also an attractor for other commercial infrastructure development such as banks, logistics agencies, and manufacturing and trading investments. A measurement of the efficiency of a terminal is the duration-of-stay of visiting vessels. A quick and efficient loading/unloading process can increase productivity and thus reduce the waiting time for a vessel. In this study, we address the space allocation for stacking export containers. If the storage layout and the loading plan work well together, the productivity of the terminal can be increased and the duration-of-stay needed for each visiting vessel is reduced. In this paper, we propose a hybrid storage policy combining class-dedicated and sharing strategies, and construct a stochastic programming model using the concept of recourse.

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Hamilton, VaNae, Ujjal K. Singha, Joseph T. Smith, Ebony Weems, and Minu Chaudhuri. "Trypanosome Alternative Oxidase Possesses both an N-Terminal and Internal Mitochondrial Targeting Signal." Eukaryotic Cell 13, no. 4 (February 21, 2014): 539–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00312-13.

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ABSTRACTRecognition of mitochondrial targeting signals (MTS) by receptor translocases of outer and inner membranes of mitochondria is one of the prerequisites for import of nucleus-encoded proteins into this organelle. The MTS for a majority of trypanosomatid mitochondrial proteins have not been well defined. Here we analyzed the targeting signal for trypanosome alternative oxidase (TAO), which functions as the sole terminal oxidase in the infective form ofTrypanosoma brucei. Deleting the first 10 of 24 amino acids predicted to be the classical N-terminal MTS of TAO did not affect its import into mitochondriain vitro. Furthermore, ectopically expressed TAO was targeted to mitochondria in both forms of the parasite even after deletion of first 40 amino acid residues. However, deletion of more than 20 amino acid residues from the N terminus reduced the efficiency of import. These data suggest that besides an N-terminal MTS, TAO possesses an internal mitochondrial targeting signal. In addition, both the N-terminal MTS and the mature TAO protein were able to target a cytosolic protein, dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), to aT. bruceimitochondrion. Further analysis identified a cryptic internal MTS of TAO, located within amino acid residues 115 to 146, which was fully capable of targeting DHFR to mitochondria. The internal signal was more efficient than the N-terminal MTS for import of this heterologous protein. Together, these results show that TAO possesses a cleavable N-terminal MTS as well as an internal MTS and that these signals act together for efficient import of TAO into mitochondria.

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Liu, Lijin. "The Optimization Design of the Accurate Community Navigation Map for the Terminal Distribution to Promote the Development of E-Commerce New Retail." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2022 (May 14, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6155568.

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In recent years, the development of e-commerce new retail formats is in full swing, and the terminal distribution has become a hot research topic under the background of new retail. The accuracy of the community navigation map is related to the low cost and high efficiency of terminal distribution and then affects the development of new e-commerce retail. However, in large communities, the existing navigation map software can only locate the main entrance of the community, and there is a lack of effective positioning for the location of buildings. Therefore, based on the existing navigation map, this paper expects to correct its application defects and carry out optimization design from the design principle, design idea, product function, product customization, and product application effect, so as to make the community navigation more accurate, faster, and more efficient, to help the low cost and efficient development of door-to-door distribution under the new retail of e-commerce.

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Xiao, Lin, Yipeng Liang, Chenfan Weng, Dingcheng Yang, and Qingmin Zhao. "UAV-Enabled Data Collection: Multiple Access, Trajectory Optimization, and Energy Trade-Off." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2019 (August 25, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9647539.

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In this paper, we consider a ground terminal (GT) to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) wireless communication system where data from GTs are collected by an unmanned aerial vehicle. We propose to use the ground terminal-UAV (G-U) region for the energy consumption model. In particular, to fulfill the data collection task with a minimum energy both of the GTs and UAV, an algorithm that combines optimal trajectory design and resource allocation scheme is proposed which is supposed to solve the optimization problem approximately. We initialize the UAV’s trajectory firstly. Then, the optimal UAV trajectory and GT’s resource allocation are obtained by using the successive convex optimization and Lagrange duality. Moreover, we come up with an efficient algorithm aimed to find an approximate solution by jointly optimizing trajectory and resource allocation. Numerical results show that the proposed solution is efficient. Compared with the benchmark scheme which did not adopt optimizing trajectory, the solution we propose engenders significant performance in energy efficiency.

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Min, Hokey, Seung-Bum Ahn, Hyang-Sook Lee, and Heekeon Park. "An integrated terminal operating system for enhancing the efficiency of seaport terminal operators." Maritime Economics & Logistics 19, no. 3 (March 9, 2017): 428–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41278-017-0069-5.

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Cao, Nan, Kemin Tan, Xiaobing Zuo, Thirunavukkarasu Annamalai, and Yuk-Ching Tse-Dinh. "Mechanistic insights from structure of Mycobacterium smegmatis topoisomerase I with ssDNA bound to both N- and C-terminal domains." Nucleic Acids Research 48, no. 8 (March 30, 2020): 4448–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa201.

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Abstract Type IA topoisomerases interact with G-strand and T-strand ssDNA to regulate DNA topology. However, simultaneous binding of two ssDNA segments to a type IA topoisomerase has not been observed previously. We report here the crystal structure of a type IA topoisomerase with ssDNA segments bound in opposite polarity to the N- and C-terminal domains. Titration of small ssDNA oligonucleotides to Mycobacterium smegmatis topoisomerase I with progressive C-terminal deletions showed that the C-terminal region has higher affinity for ssDNA than the N-terminal active site. This allows the C-terminal domains to capture one strand of underwound negatively supercoiled DNA substrate first and position the N-terminal domains to bind and cleave the opposite strand in the relaxation reaction. Efficiency of negative supercoiling relaxation increases with the number of domains that bind ssDNA primarily with conserved aromatic residues and possibly with assistance from polar/basic residues. A comparison of bacterial topoisomerase I structures showed that a conserved transesterification unit (N-terminal toroid structure) for cutting and rejoining of a ssDNA strand can be combined with two different types of C-terminal ssDNA binding domains to form diverse bacterial topoisomerase I enzymes that are highly efficient in their physiological role of preventing excess negative supercoiling in the genome.

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Kang, Hyun-Goo, Dong-Keun Ryoo, and Bo-Ra Sohn. "A Management Efficiency Analysis of Container Terminal Operators." Journal of Korean navigation and port research 36, no. 6 (August 31, 2012): 527–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5394/kinpr.2012.36.6.527.

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Sartipi, Zahra, Amir Hayati, and Javad Vahedi. "Thermoelectric efficiency in three-terminal graphene nano-junctions." Journal of Chemical Physics 149, no. 11 (September 21, 2018): 114103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5044660.

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Mazza, Francesco, Riccardo Bosisio, Giuliano Benenti, Vittorio Giovannetti, Rosario Fazio, and Fabio Taddei. "Thermoelectric efficiency of three-terminal quantum thermal machines." New Journal of Physics 16, no. 8 (August 7, 2014): 085001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/16/8/085001.

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Bird, Peter J. W. N. "Dependency and efficiency in the London terminal markets." Journal of Futures Markets 5, no. 3 (1985): 433–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fut.3990050312.

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Tobisová, Alica, Dorota Liptáková, Marek Pilát, Stanislav Szabo, Róbert Rozenberg, and Peter Káľavský. "Efficiency Analyse of Airport Commercial Area." Journal of KONBiN 51, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jok-2021-0024.

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Abstract The article is focused on analysis of financial cost effectiveness and the utilization of business premises in the terminal building of Bratislava Airport. Our analysis is based on a comparison of sales, profitability, and number of customers of individual newsagents of the GGT a. s. company, which operates three such newsagent stands at the examined airport. Each of the newsagents are located in a different part of the airport terminal, namely Schengen, non-Schengen and check-in area. The examined shops will serve as a practical example of the usability of these areas, and our goal is to find out which of these parts of the Bratislava Airport terminal building is most used by passengers and airport visitors. The data was collected for the period from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2018, covering one full calendar year, which is a sufficient period for our analysis.

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Morisaki, Yasuhiro, Shotaro Shibata, and Yoshiki Chujo. "[2.2]Paracyclophane-based single molecular wire consisting of four π-electron systems." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 95, no. 4 (April 2017): 424–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2016-0526.

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A [2.2]paracyclophane-based through-space–conjugated tetramer comprising four partially stacked π-electron systems was designed and synthesized, with a large overlap integral between the photoluminescence spectrum of the terminal π-electron system of the through-space–conjugated trimer and the absorption band of the fourth π-electron system. Efficient unidirectional photoexcited energy transfer in the tetramer occurred by the Förster mechanism; the energy transfer efficiency and related rate constants were found to be >0.999 and >1012 s–1, respectively, and stepwise energy transfer was found to be dominant. The [2.2]paracyclophane-based tetramer acted as a single molecular wire for efficient unidirectional photoexcited energy transfer.

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Garcia, Breno Tostes de Gomes, Marcelino Aurélio Vieira Da Silva, and Marcos Aurélio Vasconcelos De Freitas. "Análise da eficiência na geração de resíduos sólidos nos terminais de carga geral brasileiro utilizando DEA." Revista Produção e Desenvolvimento 3, no. 1 (April 30, 2017): 60–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32358/rpd.2017.v3.203.

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Based on the National Solid Waste Policy, the Brazilian port sector was forced to manage the waste generated in ports and port terminals. From the inventory of waste, it was possible to analyze the efficiency in the generation of waste in port terminals that predominantly handle the general cargo, using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. The output-oriented DEA BCC model was adopted. In addition, this work used three analyzes, one general and two peer-to-peer. The result of the general analysis, in which the three variables were considered, presented eight efficient terminals, having one false-efficient terminal. The DMU 18 was the most efficient because it obtained the highest value in the Normalized Compound. In the peer-to-peer analysis, the efficient border was formed by only two DMU's, where the presence of DMU 21 is observed in the three analyzes. Moreover, in one of the peer-to-peer analyzes it was observed that the model attributed the highest value in the Normalized Compound to the DMU 20 that was not efficient. In this case, the composite and normalized composite indicators were disregarded from the analysis, using standard and inverted efficiency indicators. This article includes the identification of the terminals with the best and worst management practices.

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Deiman, B. A. L. M., A. K. Koenen, P. W. G. Verlaan, and C. W. A. Pleij. "Minimal Template Requirements for Initiation of Minus-Strand Synthesis In Vitro by the RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase of Turnip Yellow Mosaic Virus." Journal of Virology 72, no. 5 (May 1, 1998): 3965–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.72.5.3965-3972.1998.

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ABSTRACT From mutational analysis of the 3′-terminal hairpin of turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV) RNA and use of nonstructured C-rich RNA templates, we conclude that the main determinant in the tRNA-like structure of TYMV RNA for initiation of minus-strand synthesis by the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is the non-base-paired 3′ ACC(A) end. Base pairing of this 3′ end reduces the transcription efficiency drastically, and deletion of only the 3′-terminal A residue results in a fivefold drop in efficiency. The two C residues of the 3′ ACCA end are required for efficient transcription, as shown by substitution mutations. However, the 5′ A residue is not specifically involved in initiation of transcription, as shown by substitution mutations. Furthermore, the hairpin stem and loop upstream of the 3′ ACCA end also do not interact with the RdRp in a base-specific way. However, for efficient transcription, the hairpin stem should be at least five bp in length, while the calculated ΔG value should be less than −10.5 kcal/mol. Unexpectedly, the use of nonstructured C-rich RNA templates showed that the RdRp can start internally on an NCCN or NUCN sequence. Therefore, a possible function of the tRNA-like structure of TYMV RNA may be to prevent internal initiation of minus-strand synthesis.

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Tai, Cheng-Hung, Chu-Hsuan Lin, Chih-Ming Wang, and Chun-Chieh Lin. "Three-Terminal Amorphous Silicon Solar Cells." International Journal of Photoenergy 2011 (2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/813093.

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Many defects exist within amorphous silicon since it is not crystalline. This provides recombination centers, thus reducing the efficiency of a typical a-Si solar cell. A new structure is presented in this paper: a three-terminal a-Si solar cell. The new back-to-back p-i-n/n-i-p structure increased the average electric field in a solar cell. A typical a-Si p-i-n solar cell was also simulated for comparison using the same thickness and material parameters. The 0.28 μm-thick three-terminal a-Si solar cell achieved an efficiency of 11.4%, while the efficiency of a typical a-Si p-i-n solar cell was 9.0%. Furthermore, an efficiency of 11.7% was achieved by thickness optimization of the three-terminal solar cell.

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Cardenas-Mora, Juan, Jonathan E. Spindler, Moon Kyoo Jang, and Alison A. McBride. "Dimerization of the Papillomavirus E2 Protein Is Required for Efficient Mitotic Chromosome Association and Brd4 Binding." Journal of Virology 82, no. 15 (May 21, 2008): 7298–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00772-08.

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ABSTRACT The E2 proteins of several papillomaviruses link the viral genome to mitotic chromosomes to ensure retention and the efficient partitioning of genomes into daughter cells following cell division. Bovine papillomavirus type 1 E2 binds to chromosomes in a complex with Brd4, a cellular bromodomain protein. Interaction with Brd4 is also important for E2-mediated transcriptional regulation. The transactivation domain of E2 is crucial for interaction with the Brd4 protein; proteins lacking or mutated in this domain do not interact with Brd4. However, we found that the C-terminal DNA binding/dimerization domain of E2 is also required for efficient binding to Brd4. Mutations that eliminated the DNA binding function of E2 had no effect on the ability of E2 to interact with Brd4, but an E2 protein with a mutation that disrupted C-terminal dimerization bound Brd4 with greatly reduced efficiency. Furthermore, E2 proteins in which the C-terminal domains were replaced with the dimeric DNA binding domain of EBNA-1 or Gal4 bound efficiently to the Brd4 protein, but the replacement of the E2 C-terminal domain with a monomeric red fluorescent protein did not rescue efficient Brd4 binding. Thus, E2 bound to Brd4 most efficiently as a dimer. To prove this finding further, the E2 DNA binding domain was replaced with an FKBP12-derived domain in which dimerization was regulated by a bivalent ligand. This fusion protein bound Brd4 efficiently only in the presence of the ligand, confirming that a dimer of E2 was required. Correspondingly, E2 proteins that could dimerize were able to bind to mitotic chromosomes much more efficiently than monomeric E2 polypeptides.

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FARD, NASSER S., and INDRA GUNAWAN. "TERMINAL RELIABILITY IMPROVEMENT OF SHUFFLE-EXCHANGE NETWORK SYSTEMS." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 12, no. 01 (February 2005): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539305001677.

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Multistage Interconnection Networks (MINs) are communication network systems that provide fast and efficient information transitions among N processors and N memory modules of systems. A typical MIN consists of layers of switching elements that are connected together in a predefined topology. The routing capability of a network depends on its specific topology. A shuffle-exchange network (SEN), a specific type of MIN that consists of 2 × 2 switching elements, has been widely considered a practical interconnection system. In this paper, a modified shuffle-exchange network with 1 × 2 switching elements at the input (source) stage, 2 × 2 switching elements at the intermediate stages, and 2 × 1 switching elements at the output (terminal) stage is proposed. The proposed network shows an improvement in the terminal reliability of SEN. The terminal reliability evaluation of the SEN and the modified SEN are demonstrated through numerical examples for different sizes of networks. The reliability evaluation of MINs is important, as it determines the usability and efficiency of the network to provide services. It is shown that the proposed modified SEN provides higher terminal reliability for network sizes larger than 4 inputs and 4 outputs (4 × 4).

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He, Jun Liang, Wei Yan, Dao Fang Chang, and Zhi Cheng Bian. "Evaluation of Energy-Efficient Production for Container Terminal." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 2557–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.2557.

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With the continuous development of economy and changing of the environment, Green Production aiming at lowering the environment pollution and reducing resource consumption is paid more and more attention by all countries. How to improve the energy-efficient production for container terminal and obey the conception of Green Production is becoming the new oriental of research. Firstly, a hierarchy and evaluation factors of energy-efficient production for container terminal are developed. Furthermore, fuzzy AHP is then employed to determine the weight of all indices, evaluation vectors, evaluation matrix and evaluation value. Finally, computational cases are applied to verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed evaluation model.

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Flamand, Giovanni, and Jef Poortmans. "Towards highly efficient 4-terminal mechanical photovoltaic stacks." III-Vs Review 19, no. 7 (September 2006): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0961-1290(06)71819-1.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Efficienza termica'

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