Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'EfficientNet'
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Havelka, Martin. "Detekce aktuálního podlaží při jízdě výtahem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444988.
Full textPrax, Jan. "Efektivnost hlubokých konvolučních neuronových sítí na elementární klasifikační úloze." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442831.
Full textCurrà, Pier Nicola. "Alma.Domus: residenza eco-efficiente per Solar Decathlon Europe." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/3619/.
Full textBovet, Gérôme. "Architecture évolutive et efficiente du Web des bâtiments." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENST0033/document.
Full textBuildings are increasingly equipped with dedicated automation networks, aiming to reduce the energy consumption and to optimize the comfort. On the other hand, we see the arrival of sensors and actuators related to the Internet of Things, which can naturally connect to IP networks. Due to constraints imposed by the obsolescence or physical properties of buildings, it is not uncommon that different technologies have to coexist. These networks operate with different models and protocols, making the development of global automation systems difficult. Traditional models of distributed systems are not adapted to the context of sensor networks. The paradigm of the Web of Things is resource-based and strives to standardize the application layer of different objects using Web technologies, primarily HTTP and REST. In this thesis, we use the Web of Things to create a framework dedicated to smart buildings, allowing developers to develop composite applications without knowledge of the underlying technologies. By relying on Web technologies, we can provide seamless service while reusing the available resources within the network (sensors and actuators), forming a self-managed cloud. In order to equip the buildings with a higher-level intelligence, machine learning, often reserved for experts, is made accessible through Web interfaces hiding the complexity of the process
Bonelli, Michael. "Gestione Efficiente di Eventi Complessi su Piattaforma IoT ThingWorx." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016.
Find full textLe, Magoarou Luc. "Matrices efficientes pour le traitement du signal et l'apprentissage automatique." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ISAR0008/document.
Full textMatrices, as natural representation of linear mappings in finite dimension, play a crucial role in signal processing and machine learning. Multiplying a vector by a full rank matrix a priori costs of the order of the number of non-zero entries in the matrix, in terms of arithmetic operations. However, matrices exist that can be applied much faster, this property being crucial to the success of certain linear transformations, such as the Fourier transform or the wavelet transform. What is the property that allows these matrices to be applied rapidly ? Is it easy to verify ? Can weapproximate matrices with ones having this property ? Can we estimate matrices having this property ? This thesis investigates these questions, exploring applications such as learning dictionaries with efficient implementations, accelerating the resolution of inverse problems or Fast Fourier Transform on graphs
Grigoli, Francesco. "Studio dei codici, trasmissione e correzione efficiente di un messaggio." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20965/.
Full textVetrano, Vittorio <1977>. "Biomasse e loro quantificazione economica per un efficiente uso dell'energia." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2187/.
Full textMendonca, Fernando. "Politiques polyvalentes et efficientes d'allocation de ressources pour les systèmes parallèles." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAM021/document.
Full textThe field of parallel supercomputing has been changing rapidly inrecent years. The reduction of costs of the parts necessary to buildmachines with multicore CPUs and accelerators such as GPUs are ofparticular interest to us. This scenario allowed for the expansion oflarge parallel systems, with machines far apart from each other,sometimes even located on different continents. Thus, the crucialproblem is how to use these resources efficiently.In this work, we first consider the efficient allocation of taskssuitable for CPUs and GPUs in heterogeneous platforms. To that end, weimplement a tool called SWDUAL, which executes the Smith-Watermanalgorithm simultaneously on CPUs and GPUs, choosing which tasks aremore suited to one or another. Experiments show that SWDUAL givesbetter results when compared to similar approaches available in theliterature.Second, we study a new online method for scheduling independent tasksof different sizes on processors. We propose a new technique thatoptimizes the stretch metric by detecting when a reasonable amount ofsmall jobs is waiting while a big job executes. Then, the big job isredirected to separate set of machines, dedicated to running big jobsthat have been redirected. We present experiment results that show thatour method outperforms the standard policy and in many cases approachesthe performance of the preemptive policy, which can be considered as alower bound.Next, we present our study on constraints applied to the Backfillingalgorithm in combination with the FCFS policy: Contiguity, which is aconstraint that tries to keep jobs close together and reducefragmentation during the schedule, and Basic Locality, that aims tokeep jobs as much as possible inside groups of processors calledclusters. Experiment results show that the benefits of using theseconstrains outweigh the possible decrease in the number of backfilledjobs due to reduced fragmentation.Finally, we present an additional constraint to the Backfillingalgorithm called Full Locality, where the scheduler models the topologyof the platform as a fat tree and uses this model to assign jobs toregions of the platform where communication costs between processors isreduced. The experiment campaign is executed and results show that FullLocality is superior to all the previously proposed constraints, andspecially Basic Backfilling
Bonfiglioli, Luca. "Identificazione efficiente di reti neurali sparse basata sulla Lottery Ticket Hypothesis." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
Find full textDemeli, Alessio. "Tecnologie informatiche per la gestione efficace ed efficiente di librerie digitali." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016.
Find full textReigné, Philippe. "La notion de cause efficiente du contrat en droit privé français." Paris 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA020106.
Full textCiavatti, Ilaria. "Analisi efficiente di tracce prodotte da un simulatore di protocolli di rete." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6230/.
Full textManjarrez, Sanchez Jorge Roberto. "Recherche par le contenu efficiente dans les bases de données parallèles d'images." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT2089.
Full textIn this thesis, we address the performance problem when searching in large databases of images. The processing of similarity queries is a computational challenge because of the dimensionality of the abstract representation for the images and size of the databases. We present two data organization methods that account for performance improvement. The first one is based on the clustering of the database in centralized settings. We derive an optimal range of values for the number of clusters to obtain from a database, which in conjunction with a searching algorithm allows to efficiently process nearest neighbor queries. However as the dimensionality and size of the database increase, a single computer is overwhelmed. The second method is based on data partitioning over a shared nothing machine. Based on the results of the first method, this method maximizes parallelism. We also derive the optimal number of processing nodes to maximize resource utilization. We performed extensive experiments with synthetic and real databases. They validate the proposals and show that the performance level is superior to existing approaches which beyond a certain dimensionality or database size become inefficient
Candini, Andrea. "Distribuzione efficiente di mobile sensing data tramite modello push e integrazione con PubSubHubBub." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/4922/.
Full textIncammicia, Giovanni. "Lightboard: un programma efficiente per costruire una LIM con Raspberry Pi e Wiimote." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8299/.
Full textVaissie, Mathieu. "Les stratégies alternatives dans l'allocation globale des investisseurs institutionnels : vers une intégration efficiente." Paris 9, 2006. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2006PA090043.
Full textIn the aftermath of the bursting of the Internet bubble, investors faced once again the limits of traditional diversification. They thus turned to alternative diversification. But, given their lack of experience of the alternative arena, they often integrate hedge fund strategies into their global asset allocation in a sub optimal way. Our objective is to familiarize investors with hedge fund strategies and provide them with tools allowing for an optimal integration of these alternative strategies in their global asset allocation. We analyze the return generating processes of the most popular strategies and highlight their genuine risk profile. We then design hedge fund indices that are both representative of their investment universe and investable. We finally introduce a new technology named Switching Kalman Smoother and use it analyse the performance of funds of hedge funds and their added-value at: i/ strategic allocation, ii/ tactical allocation, iii/ fund picking levels
Caillau, Mathieu. "Nanotechnologie verte : des polymères de la biomasse comme résines éco-efficientes pour la lithographie." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEC037/document.
Full text. Lithography is a key step in micro / nanotechnology with applications in the fields of microelectronics, flexible electronics, photonics, photovoltaics, microfluidics and biomedical. This lithography step requires the use of a writable resist to act as a temporary mask for transferring patterns in the underlying material by etching or deposition. Nowadays, lithography uses synthetic organic resin, organic solvents and hazardous chemicals which is contrary to environmental issues and generates additional costs associated with risk and waste management. Furthermore, regulation rules (REACh, US pollution act) tend to move toward the protection of human health and the environment from the risks that can be posed by chemicals and promote alternative chemicals. In this context, this PhD work aimed at replacing conventional synthetic organic resist with a biopolymer. This biopolymer will not be modified by synthetic organic chemistry, will be compatible with conventional lithography instruments and it should be developable in water. It was demonstrated that chitosan was a positive tone resist allowing accomplishing a complete lithography-etching process. The whole process was performed in aqueous solution without the use of hazardous chemicals. 50 nm features were obtained after ebeam lithography/plasma etching into a silica layer without the use of an additional masking layer. 0.3-0.5 μm feature were obtained using photolithography
Vita, Marco. "Un modello di asset allocation strategica." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8487/.
Full textViale, Edoardo. "Il monitoraggio efficiente dell'analisi dei dati in una realtà aziendale: il caso Concorde spa." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/12375/.
Full textNeri, Lucia, and Christian Santi. "Sociale, sostenibile, efficiente. Una soluzione per il comparto ater di via Bramante a Rovigo." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10005/.
Full textGiacobazzi, Corrado. "Homeostatic Patterns - Processi biomimetici feedback-based per una architettura efficiente nei Prati di Caprara." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/3449/.
Full textGozzoli, Gianluca. "Geometric Gamma-skyline: un metodo efficiente per la computazione di skyline su dati aggregati." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/5036/.
Full textHassani, Bertrand Kian. "Quantification des risques opérationnels : méthodes efficientes de calcul de capital basées sur des données internes." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010009.
Full textD'Amours, Véronique. "Le projet du recueil de nouvelles pour le développement d'une posture critique efficiente et opératoire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25451/25451.pdf.
Full textMenival, David. "Les conditions efficientes nécessaires à la mise en place de la viticulture raisonnée en Champagne viticole." Reims, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REIME004.
Full textThe aim of the PhD dissertation is to analyse the rule of the integrated viticulture for the differentiation strategy of Champagne and the necessary efficient conditions for the success of this rule. Firstly, it shows that this strategy bases on a sectional system of regulation for the vintage wines. Secondly, it analyses how the integrated viticulture is indispensable to maintain a specific image of quality for the champagne. Lastly, it focuses on the necessity to guarantee the cooperation of the join-trade organization in order to accelerate the process of the lntegrated viticulture and to reach the initial aim of it. These steps allow us to understand the importance of an environmental program to rely on the quality signal "AOC to maintain the differentiation strategy of champagne in a hard economical and political context for the AOP
Succi, Tommaso. "Implementazione della gestione integrata delle scorte per una supply chain più efficiente: il caso Aertecnica S.r.l." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Find full textLamelas, José Pereira. "Direction hôtelière en équipe avec l’USALI et le BSC – pour une gestion plus efficace et efficiente." Perpignan, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PERP1037.
Full textIn a very competitive, uncertain and very complex environment, the change from a single leader to a leadership team with complementary skills is supposed to be an evolution which highly contributes to the innovation, motivation, good environment and improvement of the effectiveness and efficiency. This research aims at verifying whether or not there is a relationship between the model of co-leadership and the improvement of effectiveness and efficiency in the Portuguese hotel business companies. For this purpose we used 1723 questionnaires, interviews, customers’ satisfaction, economic and financial performance and case studies. The results confirm that the stronger the co-leadership is, the better the effectiveness and the efficiency are. “Co-leadership” and “GOP” variables are both positive and strongly correlated between themselves and with other important indicators of operational effectiveness such as “Organizational Environment”, “Work Motivation” and “Customers’ Satisfaction”
Foroughi, Nik Rahim. "Contribution à la conception utilitariste de la peine : de la peine efficace à la peine efficiente." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT3008.
Full textTraditionally, punishment has been justified by consequentialist and deontological theories. The place of utilitarianism as the bestknown consequentialist doctrine in the field of punishment has been the subject of several studies. However, utilitarianization of punishment has never been questioned. Utilitarianization of punishment refers to the process of adapting punishment to the principles of utilitarianism. This study proposes a contribution to the examination of this process by analyzing its theoretical fundamentals. It aims to reveal a crucial paradox in the field of punishment: utilitarian approach to punishment, repeatedly criticized, constantly adopted. . Utilitarianization of punishment was systematized with Bentham's Classical Utilitarianism, before arriving at its most scientific form with the Law and Economics Movement. This process is marked by a transition from effectiveness of punishment to efficiency of punishment. Therefore, this study aims to propose a new direction in criminal justice, one which does not instrumentalize human beings for economic prosperity, but at the same time takes into account efficiency, without replacing justice with efficiency, i.e., "Efficient Criminal Justice"
Bécot, François-Xavier. "Bruit de pneumatique au-dessus d'une surface d'impédance donnée - Application efficiente de la méthode des Sources Equivalentes." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00126562.
Full textLe rayonnement du pneumatique est modélisé à l'aide de la méthode des Sources Equivalentes. Malgré des limitations en basses fréquences dues au caractère bi–dimensionel du modèle, calculs et mesures indiquent que cet outil convient bien au rayonnement au–dessus de surface totalement réfléchissantes. Les effets de sol induits par des surfaces absorbantes n'est réalisée que de manière approchée. Un modèle d'effets de sol dus à un plan d'impédance donnée est donc dévelopé pour des sources de directivité arbitraire. Cette technique est essentiellement une alternative aux méthodes dites des équations intégrales. Par ailleurs, la solution exacte du problème est présentée.
Basé sur les deux outils de prédiction précédents, un modèle iteratif est dévelopé pour le rayonnement d'un pneumatique au–dessus de surfaces dont l'impédance est arbitraire. Des comparaisons avec des mesures d'amplification sonore due à l'effet dièdre montrent que ce modèle est efficient pour des surfaces absorbantes homogènes et inhomogènes. A l'aide de ce nouvel outil, une étude paramétrique examine les tendances du rayonnement du pneumatique au–dessus de chaussées absorbantes.
Le présent travail apporte de nouveaux éléments en matière de rayonnement de pneumatique / chaussée; il contribue en outre à l'étude des possibilités de réduction du bruit de trafic, notamment en utilisant des chaussées dites “silencieuses”.
Di, Domenico Nicolò. "Progettazione e realizzazione di un plugin efficiente per la resa e l'animazione su larga scala in Unity." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
Find full textMakaya, kiela Serge. "Le droit à réparation des victimes des crimes internationaux, condition de justice efficiente : l'exemple de la RDC." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1006.
Full textFaced with the irreparable prejudices arising from international crimes, except for the cases being prosecuted at the ICC and the processes of various Commissions and reparations funds of the UN, international law has been pontius-pilating when it comes implementing under domestic laws the rights of victims to reparations. This hypocrisy is particularly highlighted by the use of humanitarian aid. Domestic laws have systematically resorted to traditional practices to implement this right. This inclination towards traditional approaches is indeed at variance with the material elements of the law on reparations in as much as the context of the crimes, the scope of the damage, the vast number of victims and fluctuations in the types of perpetrators have simply made the traditional systems obsolete. Whence the quest for an efficiency paradigm hinged on «attempts» within transitional justice and reparations justice. Analyses of these attempts by experts reveal that a lot still has to be done. In the case of the DRC, and mindful of the shortcomings of the traditional legal system in mitigating the suffering of victims of international crimes, this study proposes a holistic approach to the development of a criminal reparations policy. This holistic approach requires a global response to the damage suffered by victims of international crimes. The reparations response to these multidimensional prejudices must reflect a global understanding of the law based on interdisciplinary and «social technology» considerations
Vargas, Florez Jorge. "Aide à la conception de chaînes logistiques humanitaires efficientes et résilientes : application au cas des crises récurrentes péruviennes." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EMAC0008/document.
Full textEvery year, more than 400 natural disasters hit the world. To assist those affected populations, humanitarian organizations store in advance emergency aid in warehouses. This PhD thesis provides tools for support decisions on localization and sizing of humanitarian warehouses. Our approach is based on the design of representative and realistic scenarios. A scenario expresses some disasters’ occurrences for which epicenters are known, as well as their gravity and frequency. This step is based on the exploitation and analysis of databases of past disasters. The second step tackles about possible disaster’s propagation. The objective consists in determining their impact on population on each affected area. This impact depends on vulnerability and resilience of the territory. Vulnerability measures expected damage values meanwhile resilience estimates the ability to withstand some shock and recover quickly. Both are largely determined by social and economic factors, being structural (geography, GDP, etc.) or political (establishment or not relief infrastructure, presence and strict enforcement of construction standards, etc.). We propose through Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to identify, for each territory, influential factors of resilience and vulnerability and then estimate the number of victims concerned using these factors. Often, infrastructure (water, telecommunications, electricity, communication channels) are destroyed or damaged by the disaster (e.g. Haiti in 2010). The last step aims to assess the disaster logistics impact, specifically those related to with: transportation flows capacity limitations and destruction of all or part of emergency relief inventories. The following of our study focuses on location and allocation of a warehouses’ network. The proposed models have the originality to consider potential resources and infrastructure degradation after a disaster (resilience dimension) and seek optimizing the equilibrium between costs and results (effectiveness dimension). Initially we consider a single scenario. The problem is an extension of classical location studies. Then we consider a set of probable scenarios. This approach is essential due to the highly uncertain character of humanitarian disasters. All of these contributions have been tested and validated through a real application case: Peruvian recurrent disasters. These crises, mainly due to earthquakes and floods (El Niño), require establishment of a first aid logistics network that should be resilient and efficient
Ba, Kader. "Développement de politiques de maintenance efficientes intégrant la gestion de la production et la gestion des pièces de rechange." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0269.
Full textIn a highly competitive economic environment, maintenance of production facilities is a crucial socio-economic challenge for companies. Similarly, maintenance issues experienced significant changes, the sector is changing. Faced with this, the expectations, the needs of cost, time, quality and environmental change. Following this, we wanted to develop in this thesis new integrated strategies for maintenance, production, and inventory management of spare parts taking into account different operational constraints. These constraints include the change in the rate of production systems and its impact on the deterioration of the production system and on the maintenance plan and spare parts management. It was also interested in the origin and type of spare parts (new or used) used to ensure maintenance activities. In addition to the technical and economic influence of the origin of spare parts used in the production system, we also evaluated the environmental impact of the latter considering ADEME data. Formally, The aim of this thesis is to contribute by formal approaches to optimization of production rates coupled with maintenance policies and integrating efficient strategies in the management of spare parts. Analytical methods and optimization techniques, supported by simulation models according to resolutions of difficulty have been developed to achieve the objectives of this thesis. An industrial case studies and numerical examples are presented to validate theoretical results
Guidi, Manuel. "Messa a punto di un modello analitico generale ed efficiente per la verifica strutturale dell'anello rotante di macchine cellofanatrici." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/5904/.
Full textLoumbangoye, Sendje Gaétan. "Stratégie d'implantation du concept Lean Maintenance pour une production efficiente et sécuritaire : cas d'une installation de valorisation des sables bitumineux." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29222/29222.pdf.
Full textSt-Jacques, Annie. "Pédagogie efficiente vers l'implantation d'une communauté d'apprentissage dans un séminaire d'études supérieures virtuel en mode synchrone: une analyse de cas." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29461/29461.pdf.
Full textThis exploratory qualitative study focuses on the innovative application of the community of inquiry framework to synchronous online learning. This is the first study to report on efficient teaching strategies to foster a learning community in synchronous virtual graduate seminars and to explore this concrete application of blended online learning design. It is based on a multiple-case study (eight cases) that took place in five Francophone and Anglophone North American universities. Data collection consisted of forty hours of post facto observation of archived virtual seminars, sixty-one interviews conducted with faculty (n=9), teaching assistants (n=4), students (n=45) and instructional designers (n=3), as well as mid-term (n=50) and post-term (n=32) student surveys. The study confirms the importance of establishing a community of inquiry within a virtual graduate seminar. However, the socioconstructivist framework remains nebulous for several faculty and students, hence the importance of collaborative “culture” training. The study determines that socioconstructivist approaches contribute to the effectiveness of learning in virtual graduate seminars, identifies 30 attributes of a virtual graduate seminar and reports on 26 effective teaching practices that can be used to inform guidelines for quality online learning. It highlights the crucial role of the faculty member as the facilitator of a rich and ongoing dialogue in the virtual classroom. The multiple-case study reports high satisfaction levels among both faculty and students towards the virtual graduate seminar.
Saint-Jacques, Annie, and Annie Saint-Jacques. "Pédagogie efficiente vers l'implantation d'une communauté d'apprentissage dans un séminaire d'études supérieures virtuel en mode synchrone : une analyse de cas." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23715.
Full textCette recherche doctorale exploratoire de nature qualitative a pour objectif une application novatrice du cadre de la communauté d’apprentissage de cycle supérieur à l’apprentissage en ligne en mode synchrone. Il s’agit de la première étude à rendre compte de stratégies pédagogiques efficientes vers l’implantation d’une communauté d’apprentissage dans le cadre de séminaires d’études supérieures virtuels et de la première étude à explorer cette application concrète du e-learning intégral qu’est le séminaire virtuel. Elle repose sur une étude multi-cas (huit cas) menée en français et en anglais dans cinq universités nord-américaines. La collecte de données est fondée sur 40 heures d’observation post facto de segments d’archives de séminaires, 61 entrevues réalisées avec des professeurs (n=9), des auxiliaires d’enseignement (n=4), des étudiants (n=45) et des conseillers pédagogiques (n=3) et des sondages réalisés auprès des étudiants à la mi-trimestre (n=50) et après la formation (n=32). L’étude confirme l’importance de l’établissement d’une communauté d’apprentissage dans un séminaire d’études supérieures virtuel. Le cadre socioconstructiviste demeure toutefois nébuleux pour plusieurs professeurs et étudiants, d’où l’importance de former à la « culture » collaborative. L’étude démontre que les approches socioconstructivistes soutiennent effectivement l’efficacité de l’apprentissage. Elle cerne 30 attributs du séminaire virtuel et dégage 26 pratiques pédagogiques fructueuses pouvant baliser un apprentissage en ligne de qualité. Enfin, elle met en lumière le rôle crucial des professeurs en tant que facilitateurs d’un dialogue riche et soutenu. L’étude multi-cas rapporte un taux de satisfaction élevé tant de la part des professeurs que des étudiants à l’égard du séminaire d’études supérieures virtuel.
This exploratory qualitative study focuses on the innovative application of the community of inquiry framework to synchronous online learning. This is the first study to report on efficient teaching strategies to foster a learning community in synchronous virtual graduate seminars and to explore this concrete application of blended online learning design. It is based on a multiple-case study (eight cases) that took place in five Francophone and Anglophone North American universities. Data collection consisted of forty hours of post facto observation of archived virtual seminars, sixty-one interviews conducted with faculty (n=9), teaching assistants (n=4), students (n=45) and instructional designers (n=3), as well as mid-term (n=50) and post-term (n=32) student surveys. The study confirms the importance of establishing a community of inquiry within a virtual graduate seminar. However, the socioconstructivist framework remains nebulous for several faculty and students, hence the importance of collaborative “culture” training. The study determines that socioconstructivist approaches contribute to the effectiveness of learning in virtual graduate seminars, identifies 30 attributes of a virtual graduate seminar and reports on 26 effective teaching practices that can be used to inform guidelines for quality online learning. It highlights the crucial role of the faculty member as the facilitator of a rich and ongoing dialogue in the virtual classroom. The multiple-case study reports high satisfaction levels among both faculty and students towards the virtual graduate seminar.
This exploratory qualitative study focuses on the innovative application of the community of inquiry framework to synchronous online learning. This is the first study to report on efficient teaching strategies to foster a learning community in synchronous virtual graduate seminars and to explore this concrete application of blended online learning design. It is based on a multiple-case study (eight cases) that took place in five Francophone and Anglophone North American universities. Data collection consisted of forty hours of post facto observation of archived virtual seminars, sixty-one interviews conducted with faculty (n=9), teaching assistants (n=4), students (n=45) and instructional designers (n=3), as well as mid-term (n=50) and post-term (n=32) student surveys. The study confirms the importance of establishing a community of inquiry within a virtual graduate seminar. However, the socioconstructivist framework remains nebulous for several faculty and students, hence the importance of collaborative “culture” training. The study determines that socioconstructivist approaches contribute to the effectiveness of learning in virtual graduate seminars, identifies 30 attributes of a virtual graduate seminar and reports on 26 effective teaching practices that can be used to inform guidelines for quality online learning. It highlights the crucial role of the faculty member as the facilitator of a rich and ongoing dialogue in the virtual classroom. The multiple-case study reports high satisfaction levels among both faculty and students towards the virtual graduate seminar.
Gaffuri, Pierre. "Nouveaux matériaux pour des LED blanches éco-efficientes : hétérostructures à base de nanofils de ZnO et luminophores d'aluminoborates sans terres rares." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021GRALI004.
Full textThe widespread implementation of white light-emitting diodes (wLEDs), based on the blue electroluminescence of an LED and the yellow photoluminescence of a phosphor, represents a major opportunity to reduce global energy consumption. The performances of wLEDs are based on materials considered as critical, such as gallium and gallium/indium nitrides for the blue LED, and cerium doped yttrium aluminium garnet for the phosphor. The synthesis of these materials require costly and high-temperature physical and chemical deposition techniques. In this context, new non-critical materials have been studied and manufactured by soft chemistry methods: ZnO nanowires array as n-type semiconductor, and aluminoborate powders as phosphor. On the one hand, the mechanisms of the extrinsic doping and related modification of the growth of ZnO nanowires deposited by chemical bath deposition were investigated, showing the dominant roles of pH and precursor concentrations. Defects and complex defects incorporated in ZnO nanowires, crucial from an application point of view, greatly modify their optical and electrical proprieties. Their epitaxial growth on p-type GaN thin films forms heterojunctions whose electroluminescence properties are evaluated. On the other hand, aluminoborate-based phosphors powders were synthesized by the Pechini method, by substituting yttrium, usually present in the amorphous particles. The optimization of the new chemical compositions and thermal annealing offers a broad emission whose internal quantum luminescence efficiency exceeds 60 %. This study provides a better understanding of the trapping of carbon species, and their role in the luminescence. Eventually, consumer interest in such structures without critical materials and with low embodied energy is measured and offers optimistic prospects for their development
Tahi, Hanifa. "Innover par l'information : une alternative efficiente pour le développement des PME en Algérie : le cas de 135 PME privées à M'sila." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAE006.
Full textThe authorities in Algeria account for SMEs to diversify the economy, which remains an oil rent economy. However, these SMEs are fragile and do not actively participate in the growth and development of the country.Our project is to provide an effective and efficient solution for SMEs. this solution is to innovate through information. Innovation is defined as a way of adapting to environmental change. Certainly the collection of information requires considerable human and financial resources that SMEs do not possess, hence the need for state intervention to make available to these SMEs with the information they need
Ziebel, Christelle. "Conducteurs infractionnistes : quelles pistes pour une prévention efficiente : proposition d'une extension du modèle de la théorie du comportement planifiée d'Ajzen (1991)." Thesis, Metz, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011METZ001L.
Full textThis research aims at understanding social cognition and personality variables linked with different driving behaviours among drivers taking a course designed to raise awareness about the causes and consequences of road traffic accidents. We refer to the theory of planned behaviour by Ajzen (1991). We also add descriptive norms concerning family, anticipated regrets, social support and personality measures : impulsivity, time perspective and conscienciousness. 251 offenders aged from 18 to 77 have participated at the study. The results show that the behavioural beliefs (BB), descriptive norms (DN) and Past negative (PN) explain 47% of the committment of exceeding the speed limit less than 20 km/h. The BB, the DN and sensation seeking explain 20% of the committment of exceeding the speed limit by at least 30 km/h. The BB, the DN and urgency explain 26% of the frequency of close following. The BB, Present hedonistic and not to be with social support explain 44% of the commitment of risky driving. The BB, the normative beliefs (NB) and DN explain 42% of the frequency of not wearing the safety belt. A heavy marijuana consumption and BB (to feel able to drive after taking drugs) explain 43% of the commitment of Driving Under the influence (DUI) of marijuana. This same BB, coupled with a heavy drinking and NB explain 32% of the commitment of DUI of alcohol. To conclude, an effective prevention requires to implement action plans in 3 differents levels : the subject, the family, the society
Dupont, Simon. "Gestion autonomique de l'élasticité multi-couche des applications dans le Cloud : vers une utilisation efficiente des ressources et des services du Cloud." Thesis, Nantes, Ecole des Mines, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EMNA0239/document.
Full textCloud computing, through its layered model and access to its on-demand services, has changed the way of managing the infrastructures (IaaS) and how to produce software (SaaS). With the advent of IaaS elasticity, the amount of resources can be automatically adjusted according to the demand to satisfy a certain level of quality of service (QoS) to customers while minimizing underlying operating costs. The current elasticity model is based on adjusting the IaaS resources through basic autoscaling services, which reaches to its limit in terms of responsiveness and adaptation granularity. Although it is an essential feature for Cloud computing, elasticity remains poorly equipped which prevents the various actors of the Cloud to really enjoy its benefits. In this thesis, we propose to extend the concept of elasticity to higher layers of the cloud, and more precisely to the SaaS level. Then, we present the new concept of software elasticity by defining the ability of the software to adapt, ideally in an autonomous way, to cope with workload changes and/or limitations of IaaS elasticity. This predicament brings the consideration of Cloud elasticity in a multi-layer way through the adaptation of all kind of Cloud resources. To this end, we present a model for the autonomic management of multi-layer elasticity and the associated framework ElaStuff. In order to equip and industrialize the elasticity management process, we propose the perCEPtion monitoring tool, based on complex event processing, which enables the administrators to set up an advanced observation of the Cloud system. In addition, we propose a domain specific language (DSL) for the multi-layer elasticity, called ElaScript, which allows to simply and effectively express reconfiguration plans orchestrating the different levels of elasticity actions. Finally, our proposal to extend the Cloud elasticity to higher layers, particularly to SaaS,is validated experimentally from several perspectives (QoS,energy, responsiveness and accuracy of the scaling, etc.)
Le, Meur Kevin. "Etude du procédé d'estampage de plaques composites thermo-plastiques et recherche d'une méthodologie efficiente pour l'analyse de la faisabilité d'une pièce complexe." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0115.
Full textThe thermo-stamping process is a promising way for the mass production of the composite parts. However this process is complex to master and simulate due to the multi-physics background (textile deformation, thermal shock, rubbing...) and trial and error tests campaigns can be expensive. This study focuses on the measurement and assessment of the process and materials behaviour, to simulate the cooling down of the matrix and the forming of the woven. Typical defects are mentioned as well as associated industrial solutions to solve them. The simulation makes it possible to determine the consolidation time necessary in order to optimize the manufacturing time as a function of the material used and of its thickness. Furthermore the forming simulation shows the feasibility of the part and the fibre orientation to design the product for the static and crash cases. The contributions of this work are the following: thermal measurements of the pre-consolidated plate during the stamping phase and the thermal chock at the surface of the composites, an efficient method to analyse the feasibility of a complex shape in an industrial context is proposed through forming simulations compared to the experiment. Finally, a methodology for the analysis of the in-plane shearing behaviour of a woven fabric with non-orthogonal warp and weft yarn is proposed
Fernandez, Brillet Lucas. "Réseaux de neurones CNN pour la vision embarquée." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALM043.
Full textRecently, Convolutional Neural Networks have become the state-of-the-art soluion(SOA) to most computer vision problems. In order to achieve high accuracy rates, CNNs require a high parameter count, as well as a high number of operations. This greatly complicates the deployment of such solutions in embedded systems, which strive to reduce memory size. Indeed, while most embedded systems are typically in the range of a few KBytes of memory, CNN models from the SOA usually account for multiple MBytes, or even GBytes in model size. Throughout this thesis, multiple novel ideas allowing to ease this issue are proposed. This requires to jointly design the solution across three main axes: Application, Algorithm and Hardware.In this manuscript, the main levers allowing to tailor computational complexity of a generic CNN-based object detector are identified and studied. Since object detection requires scanning every possible location and scale across an image through a fixed-input CNN classifier, the number of operations quickly grows for high-resolution images. In order to perform object detection in an efficient way, the detection process is divided into two stages. The first stage involves a region proposal network which allows to trade-off recall for the number of operations required to perform the search, as well as the number of regions passed on to the next stage. Techniques such as bounding box regression also greatly help reduce the dimension of the search space. This in turn simplifies the second stage, since it allows to reduce the task’s complexity to the set of possible proposals. Therefore, parameter counts can greatly be reduced.Furthermore, CNNs also exhibit properties that confirm their over-dimensionment. This over-dimensionement is one of the key success factors of CNNs in practice, since it eases the optimization process by allowing a large set of equivalent solutions. However, this also greatly increases computational complexity, and therefore complicates deploying the inference stage of these algorithms on embedded systems. In order to ease this problem, we propose a CNN compression method which is based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA). PCA allows to find, for each layer of the network independently, a new representation of the set of learned filters by expressing them in a more appropriate PCA basis. This PCA basis is hierarchical, meaning that basis terms are ordered by importance, and by removing the least important basis terms, it is possible to optimally trade-off approximation error for parameter count. Through this method, it is possible to compress, for example, a ResNet-32 network by a factor of ×2 both in the number of parameters and operations with a loss of accuracy <2%. It is also shown that the proposed method is compatible with other SOA methods which exploit other CNN properties in order to reduce computational complexity, mainly pruning, winograd and quantization. Through this method, we have been able to reduce the size of a ResNet-110 from 6.88Mbytes to 370kbytes, i.e. a x19 memory gain with a 3.9 % accuracy loss.All this knowledge, is applied in order to achieve an efficient CNN-based solution for a consumer face detection scenario. The proposed solution consists of just 29.3kBytes model size. This is x65 smaller than other SOA CNN face detectors, while providing equal detection performance and lower number of operations. Our face detector is also compared to a more traditional Viola-Jones face detector, exhibiting approximately an order of magnitude faster computation, as well as the ability to scale to higher detection rates by slightly increasing computational complexity.Both networks are finally implemented in a custom embedded multiprocessor, verifying that theorical and measured gains from PCA are consistent. Furthermore, parallelizing the PCA compressed network over 8 PEs achieves a x11.68 speed-up with respect to the original network running on a single PE
Calbucci, Laura, and Eleonora Venzi. "Ri-abitare il margine urbano - Strategie di riqualificazione per il social housing: un edificio residenziale "ACER" come modello di intervento." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/2143/.
Full textAhmed, Hagui Salem Ilham. "Conjuguer technologie de l’information et de communication et management de l’administration publique : le défi d'une formation administrative publique efficiente en République de Djibouti." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST0006.
Full textThe theme of this thesis within the field of training throughout the working lives of administrative officers of the state of Djibouti and in particular the use of ICT.Indeed, the role of ICT in adult education, has become an important means to modernize teaching and mode of transmission of knowledge to wider audiences. There has been a very important phenomenon of convergence and distance learning worldwide. Many of the National School of Administration (ENA), including those of industrialized countries now devote human and financial resources very important to teach digital. They use this system to enrich their classroom teaching and sometimes also to provide programs remotely.It is therefore to study the environment of this system in its complexity, taking into account its specifications (educational and functional), but also its dynamics, its implementation and operation. We will consider in particular the educational and technological dimensions of alternative teaching methods and training of adults in order to propose and to adapt to the context of Djibouti.Thus, it is to find clues and criteria for strategic decision making to enhance the skills of human resources of the government of Djibouti
Ridolfi, Fabiano. "Efficiente implementazione in CUDA di algoritmi iterativi algebrici per CBCT con integrazione di un nuovo metodo per la rimozione degli artefatti da oggetti densi." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15440/.
Full textPoret, Marine. "Caractérisation de la machinerie protéolytique associée à une remobilisation efficiente de l’azote pendant la sénescence dans le but d’optimiser l’efficience d’usage de l’azote chez le colza (Brassica napus L. )." Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN2040.
Full textOilseed rape is an oleoproteaginous crop with high nitrogen (N) demanding and characterized by a low N use efficiency (NUE). The main challenge to improve the agri-environmental balance of oilseed rape is to optimize NUE allowing a sustainable yield despite a reduction of N inputs. During vegetative or reproductive stages, EUA is limited by a low N remobilization efficiency (NRE) during leaf or pod senescence. As proteins correspond to the largest storage of N compounds that could be remobilized, the objective was to characterize the proteolytic machinery (identification and regulation of proteases) that is associated with efficient N remobilization in these two types of senescence in N limiting conditions. At rosette stage, the genotype with better NRE was characterized by an elevated (salicylic acid + abscisic acid / cytokinins) ratio that is parallel with the enhancement of senescence and higher protein degradation. Thus increased activity of serine and cysteine proteases and the induction of new cysteine protease activities (RD21, SAG12, AALP, RD19, XBCP3 and cathepsin-B) are observed during senescence in response to N limitation. These genotypic differences of protease activities are detectable during the senescence of cotyledons which also appeared to be a good model to study the senescence regulation. This model was used to validate the involvement of the hormones in the regulation of protease activities. In parallel, active proteases SAG12, RD21 and AALPs were also identified as essential during senescence of pericarps and their involvement in the genotypic variability of ERA during seed filling is postulated
Rosset, Christian Rosset Christian. "Système de gestion sylvicole intégrée et d'aide à la décision : le WIS.2, un instrument informatique pour une gestion sylvicole efficiente et ciblée, durable, multifonctionnelle et proche de la nature /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=16005.
Full textSaint-Leger, Guy Savall Henri. "Quel processus de changement peut permettre une mise en oeuvre et une utilisation efficace et efficiente d'un système d'information de type ERP dans les moyennes structures de production de biens et de services?" Grenoble : ANRT-Grenoble, 2005. http://thesesbrain.univ-lyon3.fr/sdx/theses/lyon3/2005/saintleger_g.
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