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Journal articles on the topic 'Efficiency in government'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

Muhammad, Zikri, Tarmiji Masron, and Aziz Abdul Majid. "Local Government Service Efficiency: Public Participation Matters." International Journal of Social Science and Humanity 5, no. 10 (2015): 827–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijssh.2015.v5.565.

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2

Hauner, David, and Annette Kyobe. "Determinants of Government Efficiency." IMF Working Papers 08, no. 228 (2008): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451870862.001.

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3

Chong, Alberto, Rafael La Porta, Florencio Lopez-de-Silanes, and Andrei Shleifer. "LETTER GRADING GOVERNMENT EFFICIENCY." Journal of the European Economic Association 12, no. 2 (March 28, 2014): 277–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeea.12076.

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4

Hauner, David, and Annette Kyobe. "Determinants of Government Efficiency." World Development 38, no. 11 (November 2010): 1527–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2010.04.004.

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5

Nam, Taewoo. "Does E-Government Raise Effectiveness and Efficiency?" Journal of Global Information Management 27, no. 3 (July 2019): 120–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgim.2019070107.

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This article examines the influence of e-government maturity on government effectiveness and efficiency with a cross-country view. To that end, it uses two-stage least square regression, considering the endogeneity of e-government. The regression-based analysis on various global indicators finds that e-government significantly contributes to enhancing government effectiveness but fails to substantially raise government efficiency. Political, economic, and cultural disparities across countries affect the variation in the impact of e-government on government effectiveness and efficiency. The level of democracy has a curvilinear relationship with government efficiency, and thus this study identifies non-democracies with well-performing governments.

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6

Ismail, Suhaiza, Julia Mohd Said, and Husniyati Mohd Amin. "Assessing the Efficiency of Local Government in Malaysia." IPN Journal of Research and Practice in Public Sector Accounting and Management 10, no. 01 (December 18, 2020): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.58458/ipnj.v10.01.01.0061.

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The objective of this paper is to assess the level of efficiency of local government in Malaysia. Using data envelopment analysis (DEA), the research provides evidence on the efficiency of Malaysian local governments in terms of technical (TE), pure (PTE) and scale efficiency (SE). Secondary data obtained from financial statements of 35 local governments over a period of seven years are used. DEA is performed using three inputs (tax revenues, fees and charges, subsidies from central government) and four outputs (net book value of land and buildings, net book value of motor vehicles, net book value of equipment and fittings, cost of goods and services). The results show that most Malaysian local governments recorded high technical efficiency (TE), pure technical efficiency (PTE) and scale efficiency (SE) with above 0.90 mean scores. Keywords: Local Government, Efficiency, Malaysia, Data Envelopment Analysis

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7

Carrick, Paul M. "New Evidence on Government Efficiency." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 7, no. 3 (1988): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3323729.

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8

Yeh, Chiou-nan, and Percy J. Vaughn. "Government Efficiency and Economic Growth." International Advances in Economic Research 13, no. 3 (May 20, 2007): 399–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11294-007-9101-3.

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9

Qian, Yuqi. "Estimation of prefecture-level local government efficiency in China and policy implications for efficiency improvement." BCP Social Sciences & Humanities 19 (August 30, 2022): 577–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpssh.v19i.1747.

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This article is the first to study on prefecture-level local government efficiency in China. First part of this article is estimating the efficiency of 277 prefecture-level local governments in China with output-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), and the second part is explaining why those local governments receive such efficiency scores and discussing about the policy implications, where censored linear regression model is utilized. As a result, 277 prefectures are estimated to only produce 83% of their possible outputs with given inputs on average when scale inefficiency factors are excluded. And mostly decreasing return to scale inefficiency approximately accounts for half of overall inefficiency. At last, we suggest that the Chinese government should invest more expenditure on the basic education (primary school to high school) and it is recommended to increase the period of compulsory education to 12 years. And decentralization is an important approach to improve local government efficiency by analyzing the performance disparity of special economic zone (SEZ) prefectures.

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10

Gorton, Gary, and Lixin Huang. "Liquidity, Efficiency, and Bank Bailouts." American Economic Review 94, no. 3 (May 1, 2004): 455–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/0002828041464650.

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Governments can efficiently provide liquidity, as when the banking system is bailed out. We study a model in which not all assets can be used to purchase all other assets at every date. Agents sometimes want to sell projects. The market price of the projects sold depends on the supply of liquidity, which is determined in general equilibrium. While private liquidity provision is socially beneficial since it allows valuable reallocations, it is also socially costly since liquidity suppliers could have made more efficient investments ex ante. There is a role for the government to supply liquidity by issuing government securities.

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11

Li, Ping. "Thoughts on the Enhancement of China's Governmental Administrative Efficiency After the Entrance into WTO: with Views on Reform in China's Government Leadership System." Chinese Public Administration Review 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22140/cpar.v1i1.7.

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The problem of improving Chinese governmental administrative efficiency after entering the WTO faces our government. How can we promote administrative efficiency to reach the level of public sector efficiency of other countries? The author starts with the governmental administrative systemn and analyses the systematic reasons for the low efficientcy of the government. The author then puts forward four main suggestions to improve governmental efficiency; chance the governmental administrative mode and distribute the functions and powers of government to multiple levels; unify and condense the governmental administrative structure; construct a govermental system that makes certain the relation betwee functions and powers; construct an "e-government" to promot the reform of governmental operations.

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12

Wen, Jun, Peidong Deng, Qianxiao Zhang, and Chun-Ping Chang. "IS HIGHER GOVERNMENT EFFICIENCY BRINGING ABOUT HIGHER INNOVATION?" Technological and Economic Development of Economy 27, no. 3 (February 22, 2021): 626–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/tede.2021.14269.

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This research analyzes the impact of government effectiveness on innovation by using unbalanced panel data from the World Bank on 166 countries spanning 1996 to 2018. We analyze the impact of government efficiency on innovation through various panel fixed-effects models, while incorporating control variables such as GDP, education, and industrial structure into the analysis framework. The empirical results conclude that, in our selected countries, government efficiency has a significantly positive impact on innovation output and more importantly verify the positive impact from the improvement of bureaucracy quality on innovation. The evidence again shows the positive impacts of government efficiency on innovation output by addressing endogenous and robustness checking via the series of methods. Furthermore, the heterogeneity and mechanism of this relationship would be explored. Therefore, the research results provide an alternative method for national governments to promote innovation output by improving government effectiveness.

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13

Jiahui, Xu, and Babak Naysary. "Government subsidies, rent-seeking and corporate investment efficiency: Evidence from China." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 18, no. 4 (December 27, 2021): 380–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.18(4).2021.31.

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Despite a large number of government subsidies, Chinese listed companies still face numerous challenges. This requires research into the effects of government subsidies on corporate investment efficiency. The paper provides empirical evidence to investigate investment efficiency and enriches the study on the interactions between government intervention, rent-seeking, and ownership structure. Generalized least square (GLS) models with fixed effects were constructed using 2012–2020 data from 869 Chinese listed A-share non-financial firms. Results show that government subsidies received by listed companies significantly damage investment efficiency (β = .138, p &lt; .01). This can be attributed to their rent-seeking behaviors to obtain subsidies, which also significantly harms investment efficiency (β = .915, p &lt; .05). Government subsidies are also found to significantly mediate the impact of rent-seeking on investment efficiency. In three-step regression for testing mediating effect, coefficients are 0.475, 0.915, and 0.131 at the level of 1%, 5%, and 5%, respectively. Furthermore, ownership structure shows a moderating effect in the relationship between subsidies and investment efficiency. The management shareholding ratio significantly reinforces the negative impact (β = 1.369, p &lt; .01), while the institutional shareholding ratio shows no significant moderating effect (β = 0.0571, p = n.s). Non-state-owned enterprises show a more significant negative impact (β = 0.17, p &lt; .05) than state-owned enterprises (β = 0.148, p &lt; .1). Finally, the study tests the above relationships for companies in the manufacturing industry that receive the most percentage of government subsidies in China, and the results are robust.

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14

Alotaibi, Youseef. "A New Secured E-Government Efficiency Model for Sustainable Services Provision." Journal of Information Security and Cybercrimes Research 3, no. 1 (December 10, 2020): 75–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.26735/caak6285.

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E-government projects in some developing countries face many challenges to provide sustainable services for e-efficiency. Literature shows that most governments suffer from lack of technology and restrictions associated with budgets and human resources. These factors constitute the main obstacles impeding the effective implementation of sustainable and secured e-government services. In addition to these obstacles, the e-government efficiency models adopted by some developing countries do not deliver an appropriate strategic plan for disseminating all sustainable and secured e-government services. Therefore, this paper proposes a new secured model for e-government efficiency to provide sustainable and e-efficiency services. This goal can be achieved using five determinants: detailed process, streamlined services, quick accessibility, use of latest techniques, and trust and awareness, which are discussed in this study. The proposed model has been validated by using a pilot study conducted through case study and method of application and implementation. The findings indicate that both service providers such as governments and users of e-government services took advantage of the proposed model. Accordingly, sustainable e-government services may increase.

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15

Chen, Zuocheng, and Krishna P. Paudel. "Economic openness, government efficiency, and urbanization." Review of Development Economics 25, no. 3 (March 17, 2021): 1351–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/rode.12766.

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16

Geys, Benny, and Wim Moesen. "Measuring Local Government Technical (In)Efficiency." Public Performance & Management Review 32, no. 4 (June 1, 2009): 499–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/pmr1530-9576320401.

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17

Gong, Byeong-Ho. "Government Policy for Firm-Specific Efficiency." Human Systems Management 13, no. 2 (1994): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/hsm-1994-13205.

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18

Górka, Kazimierz, Marcin Łuszczyk, and Agnieszka Thier. "EFFICIENCY OF GOVERNMENT ANTI-SMOG POLICY." PRACE NAUKOWE UNIWERSYTETU EKONOMICZNEGO WE WROCŁAWIU, no. 518 (2018): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15611/pn.2018.518.04.

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19

Sadiralizoda, Mirzokarimov Sardorbek. "Improving government efficiency: Achievements and prospects." ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 11, no. 9 (2021): 808–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-7137.2021.02002.4.

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20

Prescott, Jeffrey, and Donald Wittman. "Government Efficiency and the Market Metaphor." Yale Law Journal 105, no. 7 (May 1996): 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/797240.

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21

Deller, Steven C., Carl H. Nelson, and Norman Walzer. "Measuring Managerial Efficiency in Rural Government." Public Productivity & Management Review 15, no. 3 (1992): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3380616.

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22

Bruns, Christian, and Oliver Himmler. "Newspaper Circulation and Local Government Efficiency*." Scandinavian Journal of Economics 113, no. 2 (February 15, 2011): 470–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9442.2010.01633.x.

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23

Reinecke, Antonia, and Hans-Jörg Schmerer. "Government efficiency and exports in China." Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies 15, no. 3 (July 3, 2017): 249–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14765284.2017.1356593.

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24

Asatryan, Zareh, and Kristof De Witte. "Direct democracy and local government efficiency." European Journal of Political Economy 39 (September 2015): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2015.04.005.

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25

Angelini, Francesco, Guido Candela, and Massimiliano Castellani. "Governance efficiency with and without government." Social Choice and Welfare 54, no. 1 (September 6, 2019): 183–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00355-019-01217-2.

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26

Geys, Benny, Friedrich Heinemann, and Alexander Kalb. "Local Government Efficiency in German Municipalities." Raumforschung und Raumordnung 71, no. 4 (August 31, 2013): 283–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13147-012-0191-x.

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AbstractThis article evaluates German local governments' cost efficiency using a sample of 1,021 municipalities in the state of Baden-Württemberg for the year 2001. We thereby concentrate on overall or 'global' efficiency scores—rather than estimate efficiency for one particular service—and explicitly account for exogenous or non-discretionary influences. The latter not only corrects for influences possibly beyond the control of local policy-makers, but also allows some indication of the determinants of such 'global' efficiency. Our results indicate that there is a substantial divergence in efficiency across municipalities despite a homogeneous institutional setting. As especially smaller municipalities appear less efficient, these results support a case for policy programmes aimed at boundary reviews or more extensive inter-communal cooperation among small municipalities.

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27

Santolini, Raffaella. "Spatial effects on local government efficiency." Papers in Regional Science 99, no. 1 (September 5, 2019): 183–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pirs.12475.

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28

Dittenhofer, Mortimer A. "The Auditing of Efficiency in Government." Managerial Auditing Journal 1, no. 1 (January 1986): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb002793.

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29

Du, Jing, Wanfu Li, Bin Lin, and Yu Wang. "Government integrity and corporate investment efficiency." China Journal of Accounting Research 11, no. 3 (September 2018): 213–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cjar.2017.03.002.

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30

Balaguer-Coll, Maria Teresa, Diego Prior, and Emili Tortosa-Ausina. "Decentralization and efficiency of local government." Annals of Regional Science 45, no. 3 (February 12, 2009): 571–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00168-009-0286-7.

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31

Rodríguez-Pose, Andrés, Sylvia A. R. Tijmstra, and Adala Bwire. "Fiscal Decentralisation, Efficiency, and Growth." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 41, no. 9 (January 1, 2009): 2041–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a4087.

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Much of the recent worldwide trend towards devolution has been driven by the belief that fiscal decentralisation is likely to have a positive effect on government efficiency and economic growth. It is generally assumed that the transfer of powers and resources to lower tiers of government allows for a better matching of public policies to local needs and thus for a better allocation of resources. These factors, in turn, are expected to lead to an improvement in regional economic performance, if subnational authorities shift resources from current to capital expenditures in search of a better response to local needs. In this paper we test these assumptions empirically by analysing the evolution of subnational expenditure categories and regional growth in Germany, India, Mexico, Spain, and the USA. We find that, contrary to expectations, decentralisation has coincided in the sample countries with a relative increase in current expenditures at the expense of capital expenditures, which has been associated with lower levels of economic growth in countries where devolution has been driven from above (India and Mexico), but not in Spain, where it has been driven from below. We hypothesise that the differences in legitimacy between the central or federal government and subnational governments in top-down and bottom-up processes of devolution may be at the origin of the diverse capacity to deliver greater allocative and productive efficiency and, eventually, greater economic growth by devolved governments.

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32

Zhang, Qu, Zhang, Li, and Miao. "Effects of FDI on the Efficiency of Government Expenditure on Environmental Protection Under Fiscal Decentralization: A Spatial Econometric Analysis for China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 14 (July 12, 2019): 2496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16142496.

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Most governments strive for an ecological civilization so the efficiency of government expenditure on environmental protection (EPEE) is an important issue. While it is recognized that foreign direct investment (FDI) enhances environmental protection, this investigation focuses on the effects of FDI on the efficiency of government expenditure on environmental protection under fiscal decentralization. Analysis is conducted using an output-oriented data envelopment analysis (DEA) scale return model to calculate the efficiency of environmental protection spending in China. Then, a spatial model is built to test the linkages among FDI, fiscal decentralization and the efficiency of government expenditure. The results reveal that, firstly, the efficiency of government spending has been enhanced over the last 10 years. Secondly, FDI is positively correlated with the efficiency of government environmental expenditure in terms of both quantity and quality of spending and it has a positive spillover effect. Thirdly, financial decentralization is negatively correlated with the efficiency of environmental spending, but it improves the effect of FDI. Accordingly, policy proposals are that the government should improve the supervision system for environmental spending and local governments should pursue FDI, improve the structure of FDI and use its spillover effect to enhance the efficiency of environmental expenditure.

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33

de Oliveira, Francisca Guedes. "GOVERNMENT SIZE VERSUS GOVERNMENT EFFICIENCY IN A MODEL OF ECONOMIC GROWTH." Eurasian Journal of Social Sciences 4, no. 2 (2016): 38–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15604/ejss.2016.04.02.004.

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34

Endah Purwaningsih and Nuwun Priyono. "ANALISIS BELANJA DAERAH PEMERINTAH KOTA MAGELANG TAHUN 2015-2019." Jemasi: Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen dan Akuntansi 17, no. 1 (June 8, 2021): 24–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35449/jemasi.v17i1.229.

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Local Expenditure is all local government obligations recognized as a reduction in the value of net worth within the period of the relevant fiscal year. The government's success in managing regional spending can be seen from the output/results achieved by using the budget. Whether the achievement of the results provides benefits to the community or not. Good results show that local governments are performing well. The purpose of this research is to find out the financial performance of Magelang city government by conducting analysis of regional spending in fiscal year 2015-2019. The method used in this study is quantitative data measurement which results are interpreted with descriptive analysis methods. The results of this study show the Magelang City Government has been performing quite well. This is seen from the variance analysis showing budget planning and efforts to achieve budget usage efficiency are good enough, spending growth is volatile and positive, and the cost efficiency ratio is quite effective with an average efficiency rate of 85.47%. Even so, the Government still needs to improve the balance between capital expenditure and operating expenditure.

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35

Afifah, Safira Izzatul, and Adnan Adnan. "PENGARUH VARIAN ANGGARAN, UKURAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH, DAN KAPASITAS FISKAL TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Ekonomi Akuntansi 7, no. 3 (October 30, 2022): 485–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jimeka.v7i3.21670.

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This study aims to examine the effect of budget variance, local government size and fiscal capacity on the financial performance of district/city governments in Aceh in 2018-2020 based on efficiency ratios and effectiveness ratios. The data used is secondary data from local government financial reports that have been audited by BPK RI. The data analysis method used is Spearman's Rho Correlation, Multiple Linear Regression Test and Coefficient of Determination Test. This study uses two regression models. The first model of the dependent variable of financial performance is measured using the efficiency ratio and in the second model the dependent variable of financial performance is measured using the effectiveness ratio. The results showed that the budget variance and fiscal capacity partially had no effect on the financial performance of local governments based on efficiency ratios, while the variable size of local government has a negative and significant effect on the financial performance of local governments based on efficiency ratios. In the second model that uses the effectiveness ratio, budget variance and fiscal capacity have a negative and significant effect on local government financial performance, while the variable size of local government has no significant effect on the financial performance of local governments based on the effectiveness ratio. The result of the Coefficient of Determination analysis is 0.023, which means that the budget variance, size of local government and fiscal capacity can explain 2.3% of local government financial performance based on efficiency ratios. While in model 2, the coefficient of determination is 0.246, which means that the budget variance, the size of the local government and the fiscal capacity can explain 24.6% of the financial performance of the local government based on the effectiveness ratio.

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36

Zhou, De Xiang, and Zhi Yuan Hu. "Effects of E-Government in the Service-Oriented Government Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 333-335 (July 2013): 2222–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.333-335.2222.

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E-government has intrinsic unity of value with service-oriented government, implementing e-government, strengthening social management and public service is an inevitable requirement for building service-oriented government. The effects of e-government in the service-oriented government building manifested through the interaction between government and citizens, government and enterprises and institutions, and governments themselves. E-government can enhance the concept of government services, promote the transformation of government functions, and improve the efficiency of government operations.

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37

He, Baocheng, Jiawei Wang, Jiaoyang Wang, and Kun Wang. "The Impact of Government Competition on Regional R&D Efficiency: Does Legal Environment Matter in China’s Innovation System?" Sustainability 10, no. 12 (November 24, 2018): 4401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124401.

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Local governments are encouraged to compete in R&D investments and activities in China’s innovation system. We aim to understand the influence of government competition on regional R&D efficiency. We are also interested in examining how the attributes of legal environment act as a moderating variable for the relationship between government competition and R&D efficiency. We developed Tobit spatial models with spatial panel data of 30 provinces of China in 2008–2016. The results show that: (1) There exists spatial dependence of R&D efficiency, and the regions with high efficiency have “spillover effect” on the surrounding areas. (2) Government competition has a significant promoting effect on R&D efficiency and/or R&D efficiency spillover. Specifically, government competition has both R&D efficiency promotion and R&D efficiency “spillover” promotion in Eastern China, only R&D efficiency positive spillover promotion in Middle-area and R&D efficiency promotion but negative spillover in Western China. (3) The impact of government competition on efficiency is affected by the legal environment, and the promotion effect of government competition only exists in good legal environment. The results of this study reveal an important way to improve R&D efficiency by establishing a new R&D competition mechanism for local government which is oriented by efficiency and ruled by the legal environment.

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38

Bąkowski, Tomasz. "Stałe składowe efektywności samorządu gminnego." Studia Iuridica, no. 85 (March 15, 2021): 109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/2544-3135.si.2020-85.8.

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The thirtieth anniversary of the return of local government at the municipal level to the Polish legal and constitutional order prompts various reflections and summaries. There is also time to ask questions about basic issues. Such is the question about the existence of permanent and durable elements in the institution of local self-government, not susceptible to changes in the economic, technological or cultural environment. They include, first of all: 1) the legal nature of the municipal self-government (in terms of public and private law); 2) general goals justifying its existence; or 3) the ways and methods of their implementation. Considering the utilitarian and praxeological context of the existence of local self-government, it is worth paying attention, above all, to those permanent elements that determine the task-related effectiveness of the municipality. They are in particular: 1) collective needs of the community; 2) cooperation of the municipality with other entities and 3) measures conditioning the implementation of tasks entrusted to the municipality. The above enumeration does not reflect the full list of determinants of the effectiveness of local government institutions, but nevertheless it seems reasonable to present a few comments and observations on the indicated elements, which could also be treated as a source of verifying the correctness of the choice made.

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39

BasitDarem, A., and Suresha Suresha. "Measuring the Efficiency of E-government Websites." International Journal of Computer Applications 70, no. 22 (May 31, 2013): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/12203-8501.

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40

Skrypnik, D. V. "Budget Rules, Government Efficiency and Economic Growth." Journal of the New Economic Association 30, no. 2 (2016): 12–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31737/2221-2264-2016-30-2-1.

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41

Titl, Vitezslav, Kristof De Witte, and Benny Geys. "Political donations, public procurement and government efficiency." World Development 148 (December 2021): 105666. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105666.

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42

Afonso, António, João Tovar Jalles, and Ana Venâncio. "Do financial markets reward government spending efficiency?" Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money 77 (March 2022): 101505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2022.101505.

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43

Singh, Chandramani P., and Viral M. Shilu. "Skill Efficiency Comparison: Government Vs Private Sector." Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 9, no. 4 (2018): 915. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2321-5828.2018.00154.7.

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44

Balaguer-Coll, Maria Teresa, Maria Isabel Brun-Martos, Laura Márquez-Ramos, and Diego Prior. "Local government efficiency: determinants and spatial interdependence." Applied Economics 51, no. 14 (October 15, 2018): 1478–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2018.1527458.

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45

Fogarty, James, and Amin Mugera. "Local Government Efficiency: Evidence from Western Australia." Australian Economic Review 46, no. 3 (September 2013): 300–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8462.2013.12015.x.

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46

Helland, Leif, and Rune J. Sørensen. "Partisan bias, electoral volatility, and government efficiency." Electoral Studies 39 (September 2015): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2015.05.002.

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47

Wang, Shuhong, Danqing Zhao, and Hanxue Chen. "Government corruption, resource misallocation, and ecological efficiency." Energy Economics 85 (January 2020): 104573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2019.104573.

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Ziller, Conrad, and Sara Wallace Goodman. "Local Government Efficiency and Anti-immigrant Violence." Journal of Politics 82, no. 3 (July 2020): 895–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/707399.

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MILLS, DAVID, ERROL STOCK, and IAN LOWE. "LOCAL GOVERNMENT, ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND GREENHOUSE POLICIES." Australian Planner 36, no. 1 (January 1999): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07293682.1999.9665716.

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DUDSON, BRIAN. "Local government, energy efficiency and greenhouse policies." Australian Planner 36, no. 4 (January 1999): 183–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07293682.1999.9665756.

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