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Academic literature on the topic 'Efficiency coefficient'

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Published: 30 May 2022
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Journal articles on the topic "Efficiency coefficient"

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Bykova, Elena V., Dmitrii P. Gavra, and Pavel A. Slutskiy. "PR Evaluation: Efficiency Coefficient." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature 14, no. 2 (2017): 275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu09.2017.210.

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Gnacinski, Piotr, Janusz Mindykowski, Marcin Peplinski, Tomasz Tarasiuk, Jose D. Costa, Mario Assuncao, Luis Silveira, et al. "Coefficient of Voltage Energy Efficiency." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 75043–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2988725.

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Smith, C. D., and A. G. Oak. "Culvert inlet efficiency." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 22, no. 3 (June 1, 1995): 611–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l95-069.

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The results of experimental work carried out on culvert inlet efficiency at the University of Saskatchewan are reported in this paper. Efficiency is reported in terms of coefficient of discharge when the culvert operates with inlet control, and in terms of the coefficient of entrance loss when the culvert operates with outlet control. A larger coefficient of discharge or a smaller coefficient of entrance loss represents a higher efficiency. Seven different culvert inlets were tested for both inlet and outlet control, and for the headwater level both above and below the elevation of the crown of the pipe at the inlet. The results are reported in nondimensional charts. Key words: culvert flow, inlet control, outlet control, efficiency, head losses, capacity.
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Butenko, O. G. "THE COEFFICIENT OF EFFICIENCY OF HYDRAULIC CIRCUITS." Odes’kyi Politechnichnyi Universytet Pratsi 1, no. 51 (2017): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/opu.1.51.2017.09.

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Voronkov, O. V., and L. N. Erofeeva. "Probabilistic Material Efficiency Coefficient and Application Example." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Mechanical Engineering, no. 5 (128) (October 2019): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0236-3941-2019-5-34-45.

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The paper introduces a mathematical derivation of probability density function for a random variable which is a comparative material's mass or cost efficiency coefficient. At early development stage, the coefficient allows a scientifically based selection of material, taking into account its strength or stiffness, weight or cost characteristics. A distinctive feature of the coefficient is the ability to take into account the effect on material efficiency when the material is applied to a thin-walled body structure of an important technological limitation: the discreteness of the standard range of sheet material thicknesses. This function makes it possible to determine with high accuracy the probability of the deviation of the considered random variable from its expectation not further than the limits of a given interval. The use of this function leads to a significant improvement in the developed methodology for selecting an effective material at the development stage of a thin-walled product, the methodology being previously based on the application of Chebyshev's inequality. We give an example of selecting an effective material from the list of materials considered for a cover sheet of a sandwich-panel under buckling condition.
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Galchenko, Yuriy, and Julia Ozaryan. "Methodology for quantitative assessment of ecological efficiency of geotechnologies." E3S Web of Conferences 192 (2020): 03010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019203010.

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The article presents the results of work aimed at solving the problem of mining waste generation by creating a methodology of wastefree technology. According to the authors, the problem of solid mining waste can be solved by building a technology with a completely closed cycle of circulation of matter. An integral non-waste coefficient for the field development technology has been proposed, which is defined as the sum of local coefficients obtained for each technological level. By the value of the general coefficient, it is possible to estimate the relative amount of solid waste for an operating mining and processing enterprise, as well as to carry out a comparative analysis of the options considered at the design stage.
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PIAZENTIN, JHONATAN, João Luis Zocoler, Camila Pires Cremasco, Alfredo Bonini Neto, and Luís Roberto Almeida Gabriel Filho. "Water Distribution Uniformity in Driping System Under Growing Pressures." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 7, no. 11 (November 30, 2019): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss11.1829.

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Increasing water use efficiency in agricultural systems is critical as it results in economic and environmental cost reductions, especially in localized irrigation, which depends on a number of factors, especially the flow rate of the emitters and proper uniformity of water distribution, both with respect to direct with the pressure of the emitters For this evaluation the use of coefficients of water uniformity, it is essential to indicate the best wetness management. The experiment was carried out in the Irrigation laboratory, in a test stand, using Christiansen uniformity coefficient - CUC, distribution uniformity coefficient - CUD and statistical uniformity coefficient - CUE. In the irrigation line, four pressures on the drip emitter (5, 10, 15 and 20 mca) were applied. The pressure variations obtained did not reduce the efficiency of the uniformity of water distribution by the drip system, falling into high efficiency ranges for all evaluated coefficients, representing adequate wetting rates.
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Lazarević, Aleksandra, Branko Glavonjić, Leon Oblak, Miljan Kalem, and Dragan Čomić. "Analysis of Operational Efficiency of Wooden Chair Manufacturing Companies in Serbia using DEA." Drvna industrija 73, no. 1 (March 19, 2022): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5552/drvind.2022.2136.

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This paper deals with the operational efficiency of companies engaged in the production of wooden chairs using selected statistical and DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) methods. Indicators that typically characterise the supply chain in the production of selected companies were taken as input and output variables for the DEA method. They included three input variables: inventories, material costs and production services costs and one output variable: company’s net profit. The obtained coefficients of correlation pointed to a high degree of correlation between the variables, which justified the performance of an efficiency analysis using the DEA method. The study included 12 companies engaged in the production of wooden chairs. The results of the conducted analyses show that only one company had a relatively satisfactory operational efficiency (efficiency coefficient of 0.83) for the nine-year period. All other companies, especially micro and small enterprises, had unsatisfactorily low operational efficiency. Micro enterprises had the lowest operational efficiency, with an efficiency coefficient of only 0.14. Small enterprises reached the value of 0.3, and large companies 0.67. Medium companies had the most favourable efficiency coefficient of up to 0.83.
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Bogdanov, L. A., D. K. Shishkova, M. Yu Sinitsky, and A. G. Kutikhin. "Primer parameters defining efficiency and coefficient of determination in quantitative polymerase chain reaction." Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases 9, no. 3 (September 28, 2020): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17802/2306-1278-2020-9-3-13-20.

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We performed a correlation analysis between primer parameters and qPCR efficiency/coefficient of determination in two independent samples from in vitro functional experiments.Primer parameters do not define qPCR efficiency and coefficient of determination significantly if primers are designed according to the optimised PRIMER-BLAST settings.Aim. To find the correlation between the primer parameters, efficiency, and coefficient of determination (R2 ) in quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) conditions.Methods. Upon RNA isolation from primary human coronary artery endothelial cells, we performed reverse transcription-qPCR (RT-qPCR) utilising SYBR Green chemistry to measure the expression of the following genes: IL1B, IL6, CXCL8, IL12A, IL23A, PECAM1, VWF, KDR, FAPA, ACTA2, SMTN, VIM, COL4A1, MMP2, SNAI2, TWIST1, ZEB1, SCARF1, CD36, LDLR, VLDLR, VCAM1, ICAM1, SELE, SELP, CDH5, IL1R1, IL1R2, TNFRSF1A, TNFRSF1B, NOS3, PXDN. Primers were designed employing Primer-BLAST software using optimised settings. For the correlation analysis, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was applied (GraphPad Prism).Results. Coefficient of determination correlated with the primer pair rating by Beacon Designer, amplicon melting temperature, and GC content in the reverse primer. Reaction efficiency did not correlate with the Beacon Designer rating, yet being associated with length and GC content of the reverse primer. Abovementioned correlation coefficients ranged from 0.4 to 0.5 or from -0.4 to -0.5 indicative of moderate positive or negative correlation. Other parameters did not affect reaction efficiency and coefficient of determination. Conclusion Primer parameters do not define qPCR efficiency and coefficient of determination significantly if primers are designed according to the optimised PRIMER-BLAST settings.
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Yao, Zhen Qiu, Xin Gu, and Yun Shen. "The Research of Hydrodynamic Performance for Ducted Propeller with PBCF." Applied Mechanics and Materials 733 (February 2015): 578–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.733.578.

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The Propeller Boss Cap Fins (PBCF) is often used to ordinary propeller, a good energy-saving effect being obtained. In order to study the energy-saving mechanism of ducted propeller with PBCF, in this paper, the FLUENT has been taken to simulate the distribution of thrust coefficient, torque coefficient, blade pressure and velocity vector of hub surface at different advance coefficients. By contrasting the results of numerical simulation of hydrodynamic performance of ducted propeller between with fins and without fins, we know that at the low advance coefficient, the ducted propeller with fins will increase the thrust coefficient and decrease the torque coefficient; rising the open water propeller efficiency, improving the efficiency under the premise of the efficiency increase by duct. The existence of fins has changed velocity distribution of water around the hub and made the water that flowed around the propeller hub with propeller rotation direction flow to propeller tail along the fins not gather in the cub, so it weakened the hub vortex.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Efficiency coefficient"

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Rizzo, Giuseppe, Antonino Bonanno, Giorgio Paolo Massarotti, Luca Pastorello, Mariarosa Raimondo, Federico Veronesi, and Magda Blosi. "Energy efficiency improvement by the application of nanostructured coatings on axial piston pump slippers." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-200187.

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Axial piston pumps and motors are widely used in heavy-duty applications and play a fundamental role in hydrostatic and power split drives. The mechanical power losses in hydraulic piston pumps come from the friction between parts in relative motion. The improvement, albeit marginal, in overall efficiency of these components may significantly impact the global efficiency of the machine. The friction between slipper and swash plate is a functional key in an axial piston pump, especially when the pump (at low rotational speed or at partial displacement) works in the critical areas where the efficiency is low. The application of special surface treatments have been exploited in pioneering works in the past, trying different surface finishing or adding ceramic or heterogeneous metallic layers. The potential of structured coatings at nanoscale, with superhydrophobic and oleophobic characteristics, has never been exploited. Due to the difficulty to reproduce the real working conditions of axial piston pump slippers, it has been made a hydraulic test bench properly designed in order to compare the performance of nano-coated slippers with respect to standard ones. The nano-coated and standard slippers have been subjected to the following working conditions: a test at variable pressure and constant rotational speed, a test at constant pressure and variable rotational speed. The comparison between standard and nanocoated slippers, for both working conditions, shows clearly that more than 20% of friction reduction can be achieved using the proposed nano-coating methodology.
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Bubnova, Olga. "Thermoelectric properties of conducting polymers." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fysik och elektroteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-87476.

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According to different sources, from forty to sixty percent of the overall energy generated in the world today is squandered in waste heat. The existing energy conversion technologies are either close to their efficiency limits or too costly to justify their implementation. Therefore, the development of new technological approaches for waste heat recovery is highly demanded. The field of thermoelectrics can potentially provide an inexpensive, clean and efficient solution to waste heat underutilization, given that a new type of thermoelectric materials capable of meeting those requirements are available. This thesis reports on strategies to optimize a thermoelectric efficiency (ZT) of conducting polymers, more specifically poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (Pedot). Conducting polymers constitute a special class of semiconductors characterized by low thermal conductivity as well as electrical conductivity and thermopower that can be readily modified by doping in order to achieve the best combination of thermoelectric parameters. Conducting polymers that have never previously been regarded as hypothetically compatible for thermoelectric energy conversion, can exhibit promising thermoelectric performance at moderate temperatures, which is a sought-after quality for waste heat recovery. A rather substandard thermoelectric efficiency of Pedot-Pss can be markedly improved by various secondary dopants whose addition usually improves polymer’s morphology accompanied by a drastic increase in electrical conductivity and, consequently, in ZT. In order to enable further enhancement in thermoelectric properties, the optimization of the charge carrier concentration is commonly used. The oxidation level of Pedot-Pss can be precisely controlled by electrochemical doping resulting in a tenfold increase of ZT. In contrast to Pedot-Pss, another conducting polymer Pedot-Tos exhibits superior thermoelectric performance even without secondary doping owning to its partially crystalline nature that allows for an improved electronic conduction. With the aid of a strong electron donor, positively doped Pedot-Tos gets partially reduced reaching the optimum oxidation state at which its thermoelectric efficiency is just four times smaller than that of Be2Te3 and the highest among all stable conducting polymers. The downsides associated with chemical doping of Pedot-Tos such as doping inhomogeneity or chemical dopants air sensitivity can be surmounted if the doping level of Pedot-Tos is controlled by acidity/basicity of the polymer. This approach yields similar maximum thermoelectric efficiency but does not necessitate inert conditions for sample preparation. Optimized Pedot-Tos/Pedot-Pss can be functionalized as a p-type material in organic thermogenerators (OTEG) to power low energy electronic devices. If printed on large areas, OTEGs could be used as an alternative technique for capturing heat discarded by industrial processes, households, transportation sector or any natural heat sources for electricity production.
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Joseph, Jyothis. "Improving Photovoltaic Panel Efficiency by Cooling Water Circulation." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404617/.

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This thesis aims to increase photovoltaic (PV) panel power efficiency by employing a cooling system based on water circulation, which represents an improved version of water flow based active cooling systems. Theoretical calculations involved finding the heat produced by the PV panel and the circulation water flow required to remove this heat. A data logger and a cooling system for a test panel of 20W was designed and employed to study the relationship between the PV panel surface temperature and its output power. This logging and cooling system includes an Arduino microcontroller extended with a data logging shield, temperature sensing probes, current sensors, and a DC water pump. Real-time measurements were logged every minute for one or two day periods under various irradiance and air temperature conditions. For these experiments, a load resistance was chosen to operate the test panel at its maximum power point. Results indicate that the cooling system can yield an improvement of 10% in power production. Based on the observations from the test panel experiments, a cooling system was devised for a PV panel array of 640 W equipped with a commercial charge controller. The test data logger was repurposed for this larger system. An identical PV array was left uncooled and monitored simultaneously to compare the effect of cooling, demonstrating that the cooled array provided up to an extra 132W or 20% of maximum power for sunny weather conditions. Future expansion possibilities of the project include automated water level monitoring system and water filtration systems.
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Shen, Sumin. "Contributions to Structured Variable Selection Towards Enhancing Model Interpretation and Computation Efficiency." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/96767.

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The advances in data-collecting technologies provides great opportunities to access large sample-size data sets with high dimensionality. Variable selection is an important procedure to extract useful knowledge from such complex data. While in many real-data applications, appropriate selection of variables should facilitate the model interpretation and computation efficiency. It is thus important to incorporate domain knowledge of underlying data generation mechanism to select key variables for improving the model performance. However, general variable selection techniques, such as the best subset selection and the Lasso, often do not take the underlying data generation mechanism into considerations. This thesis proposal aims to develop statistical modeling methodologies with a focus on the structured variable selection towards better model interpretation and computation efficiency. Specifically, this thesis proposal consists of three parts: an additive heredity model with coefficients incorporating the multi-level data, a regularized dynamic generalized linear model with piecewise constant functional coefficients, and a structured variable selection method within the best subset selection framework. In Chapter 2, an additive heredity model is proposed for analyzing mixture-of-mixtures (MoM) experiments. The MoM experiment is different from the classical mixture experiment in that the mixture component in MoM experiments, known as the major component, is made up of sub-components, known as the minor components. The proposed model considers an additive structure to inherently connect the major components with the minor components. To enable a meaningful interpretation for the estimated model, we apply the hierarchical and heredity principles by using the nonnegative garrote technique for model selection. The performance of the additive heredity model was compared to several conventional methods in both unconstrained and constrained MoM experiments. The additive heredity model was then successfully applied in a real problem of optimizing the Pringlestextsuperscript{textregistered} potato crisp studied previously in the literature. In Chapter 3, we consider the dynamic effects of variables in the generalized linear model such as logistic regression. This work is motivated from the engineering problem with varying effects of process variables to product quality caused by equipment degradation. To address such challenge, we propose a penalized dynamic regression model which is flexible to estimate the dynamic coefficient structure. The proposed method considers modeling the functional coefficient parameter as piecewise constant functions. Specifically, under the penalized regression framework, the fused lasso penalty is adopted for detecting the changes in the dynamic coefficients. The group lasso penalty is applied to enable a sparse selection of variables. Moreover, an efficient parameter estimation algorithm is also developed based on alternating direction method of multipliers. The performance of the dynamic coefficient model is evaluated in numerical studies and three real-data examples. In Chapter 4, we develop a structured variable selection method within the best subset selection framework. In the literature, many techniques within the LASSO framework have been developed to address structured variable selection issues. However, less attention has been spent on structured best subset selection problems. In this work, we propose a sparse Ridge regression method to address structured variable selection issues. The key idea of the proposed method is to re-construct the regression matrix in the angle of experimental designs. We employ the estimation-maximization algorithm to formulate the best subset selection problem as an iterative linear integer optimization (LIO) problem. the mixed integer optimization algorithm as the selection step. We demonstrate the power of the proposed method in various structured variable selection problems. Moverover, the proposed method can be extended to the ridge penalized best subset selection problems. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated in numerical studies.
Doctor of Philosophy
The advances in data-collecting technologies provides great opportunities to access large sample-size data sets with high dimensionality. Variable selection is an important procedure to extract useful knowledge from such complex data. While in many real-data applications, appropriate selection of variables should facilitate the model interpretation and computation efficiency. It is thus important to incorporate domain knowledge of underlying data generation mechanism to select key variables for improving the model performance. However, general variable selection techniques often do not take the underlying data generation mechanism into considerations. This thesis proposal aims to develop statistical modeling methodologies with a focus on the structured variable selection towards better model interpretation and computation efficiency. The proposed approaches have been applied to real-world problems to demonstrate their model performance.
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Støvne, Eivind Myklebust, and Isak Søgaard Vallinder. "Energy efficiency in glass buildings : A study about the energy efficiency of glass buildings in Stockholm and how related demands are met." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-278157.

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The building and property sector stands for one third of the final energy usage in Sweden and this should be diminished, in order to reach goals within environmental sustainability. Glass is a poor thermal insulator but nevertheless a popular choice of material when constructing new buildings. The contradiction between need of energy efficiency and the wish for “glass buildings” led to the subject of this report. This Bachelor’s thesis examines how demands on energy efficiency is met in nine glass buildings in Stockholm. Glass buildings and the current legislation is discussed from a perspective of environmental sustainability. This was done by investigating the demands stated by Boverket from a historical perspective, executing quantitative measurements of heat transfer on elected objects, and interviewing stakeholders linked to the buildings and the Swedish legislation. The study shows that the construction of glass buildings has been possible due to a restructuring of the demands on energy efficiency and technical development. It was found, in most cases, that the shares of glass were in fact lower than apparent. A larger share of glass in the building envelope required creative measures to achieve energy solutions, within legislative demands. Nevertheless, the inlet of solar radiation heat is the greatest challenge. Despite the challenges, the desire for glass is rooted in well-being and aesthetic values, which insinuate that glass buildings will be included in the cityscape henceforth. The conclusions drawn from these results are that the energy performance of glass buildings is still weaker than conventional “solid wall buildings”. Enhancement regarding insulation abilities and improvements of excluding solar radiation must be realized to strengthen the environmental sustainability of this category of buildings.
Bygg- och fastighetssektorn står för en tredjedel av den slutliga energianvändningen i Sverige, vilken måste minimeras för att nå miljömässiga hållbarhetsmål. Att bygga i glas är populärt bland moderna byggnader, trots att glas har relativt låg termisk isolationsförmåga. Motsättningen mellan behovet av energieffektivitet och efterfrågan på “glashus” skapade ämnet för denna rapport. Detta kandidatexamensarbete utforskar hur energieffektivitetskrav möts i nio olika glasbyggnader i Stockholm. Glashus och nuvarande lagstiftning diskuteras ur ett miljömässigt hållbarhetsperspektiv. Detta gjordes genom undersökningar av Boverkets krav ur ett historiskt perspektiv, kvantitativa mätningar av värmeflöden, samt intervjuer med aktörer kopplade till byggnaderna och svensk bygglagstiftning. Studien visar att byggnation av glashus har blivit möjlig på grund av en omstrukturering av energieffektivitetskraven samt teknisk utveckling. Det visade sig att andelen glas i de undersökta byggnaderna oftast var lägre än det såg ut. Större andel glas i klimatskalet krävde kreativa åtgärder för att uppnå energilösningar inom lagstiftningen. Det visade sig också att solinstrålning var den största energiutmaningen för glasbyggnaderna. Trots utmaningarna finns värden anknutna till estetik och välmående som skapar en efterfrågan på glashus, och detta leder till att glashus fortfarande kommer inkluderas i stadsmiljön framöver. En slutsats från arbetet är att energiprestandan i glasbyggnader är svagare än för konventionella “tätväggsbyggnader”. Förbättringar av glaskonstruktionen gällande isolationsförmåga och utestängning av värme från solinstrålning måste realiseras för att stärka den miljömässiga hållbarheten för denna byggnadskategori.
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Šumić, Mersiha. "Thermal Performance of a Solarus CPC-Thermal Collector." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Energi och miljöteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-14526.

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The  aim  of  this  master  thesis  is  an  investigation  of  the  thermal  performance  of  a  thermal compound parabolic concentrating (CPC) collector from Solarus. The collector consists of two troughs with absorbers which are coated with different types of paint with  unknown  properties.  The  lower  and  upper  trough  of  the  collector  have  been  tested individually. In  order  to  accomplish  the  performance  of  the  two  collectors,  a  thorough  literature  study  in  the  fields  of  CPC  technology,  various  test  methods,  test  standards  for  solar thermal  collectors  as  well  as  the  latest  articles  relating  on  the  subject  were  carried  out. In addition, the set‐up of the thermal test rig was part of the thesis as well. The thermal  performance  was  tested  according  to  the  steady  state  test  method  as  described in the European standard 12975‐2. Furthermore, the thermal performance of  a  conventional  flat  plate  collector  was  carried  out  for  verification  of  the  test  method. The  CPC‐Thermal  collector  from  Solarus  was  tested  in  2013  and  the  results  showed  four  times  higher  values  of  the  heat  loss  coefficient  UL (8.4  W/m²K)  than  what  has been reported for a commercial collector from Solarus. This value was assumed to be too large and it was assumed that the large value was a result of the test method used that time. Therefore, another aim was the comparison of the results achieved in this work with the results from the tests performed in 2013. The results of the thermal performance showed that the optical efficiency of the lower trough of the CPC‐T collector is 77±5% and the corresponding heat loss coefficient UL 4.84±0.20  W/m²K.  The  upper  trough  achieved  an  optical  efficiency  of  75±6  %  and  a  heat loss coefficient UL of 6.45±0.27 W/m²K. The results of the heat loss coefficients  are  valid  for  temperature  intervals  between  20°C  and  80°C.  The  different  absorber paintings have a significant impact on the results, the lower trough performs overall better.  The  results  achieved  in  this  thesis  show  lower  heat  loss  coefficients UL and higher optical efficiencies compared to the results from 2013.
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Gaidys, Vytautas. "Aukštadvario, Sukončių ir Pabradės hidroelektrinių darbo efektyvumo tyrimai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090114_153935-74229.

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Žinome, kad Lietuva didelių vandens išteklių neturi.Todėl racionalus jų naudojimas, kai nedaroma žala gamtai, arba ji visiškai nereikšminga, – kiekvieno hidroenergetiko rūpestis. Neišnagrinėjus visų, su tuo susijusių reiškinių, klaidingai apskaičiavus ir įvertrinus sukauptus duomenis mažose hidroelektrinėse, ne tik bus neefektyvus vandens panaudojimas, bet ir gali būti katastrofinės pasekmės, galinčios neigiamai paveikti gamtinę aplinką. Esami šalies vandens ištekliai – brangus mūsų turtas, todėl reikia stengtis, kad hidroenergetikoje panaudotas kiekvienas kubinis metras vandens, atneštų kuo didesnę naudą visuomenei. Trijose mažosiose Lietuvos hidroelektrinėse: Aukštadvario, Sukončių ir Pabradės buvo atliekami tyrimai, kiek vandens sunaudoja kiekviena elektrinė atskirai, kokia pratekančio vandens energija, esant skirtingiems patvankų aukščiams, bei kaupiami duomenys, kiek kiekviena elektrinė pagamina elektros energijos (kW). Pradėjus sisteminti elektrinėse sukauptus duomenis, buvo sudaryta pro turbinas pratekančio vandens ir išgaunamos elektros energijos kiekio (kW) skaičiavimo metodika. Iš gautų duomenų išvedamos hidroelektrinių efektyvumo kreivės, kurios palyginamos su kitų gamintojų hidroagregatų efektyvumo duomenimis. Prasminiai žodžiai: racionalus naudojimas, naudingumo koeficientas, efektyvumas.
The problem considered in this paper is that there aren’t many natural water resources in Lithuania. That’s why, rational consumption of water with any or very insignificant harm to the nature done, is a matter of great concern of every hydroenergetic. All matters should be taken into consideration. However, without bearing in mind all the concerning matters, having incorrect technical data or its incorrect evaluation may lead to ineffective usage of water resources in little water-power stations and even catastrophic consequences, that may affect natural environment. Available water resources are precious. So, it is important to strive to use every cubic metre of water in hydroenergetics to be of the greatest benefit for the society. Three small hydropower plants in Aukstadvaris, Sukonciai and Pabrade were tested for amount of water consumption and for flowing water energy with different water head. Also there was collected data about produced electrical energy in every water- power station (kWh). After having organized all the data, was worked out technique how to count amount of water flowing through turbines and also amount of electricity (kWh) generated by those turbines. The facts make the output graphs that are compared with other producers aggregates’ data of efficiency. Keywords: rational usage, coefficient of efficiency, efficiency.
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Heppell, Neil James. "Continuous-flow sterilization processes : a comparison between predicted and measured sterilization efficiency in homogenous liquid foods and measurement of the solid-liquid heat transfer coefficient in the sterilization." Thesis, University of Reading, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303072.

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Jackevičiūtė, Neringa. "Lietuvos bankininkystės plėtra ir jos intelektiniai ištekliai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090204_110400-95423.

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Magistrinio darbo tema yra aktuali, nes vis labiau didėja neatitikimas tarp organizacijos rinkos vertės ir tikrosios vertės, o tradiciniai pelningumo skaičiavimo būdai nebegali tiksliai atspindėti esamos situacijos, kadangi jie skaičiuoja tiktai pelną, o ne pridėtinę vertę. Temos naujumas akivaizdus, nes magistriniame darbe yra ieškomas ryšys tarp tradicinių pelningumo skaičiavimo metodų ir nefinansinių intelektinių išteklių efektyvumo skaičiavimo metodų, siekiant nustatyti, ar nefinansiniai rodikliai gali pateikti informacijos apie sėkmingą banko veiklą. Tyrimo objektas – intelektinių išteklių panaudojimo efektyvumas. Tyrimo dalykas – intelektinių išteklių svarba bankininkystės tolesniame vystymesi. Tikslas: nustatyti intelektinių išteklių svarbą bankininkystės vystymuisi ir numatyti bankininkystės tolesnius plėtros etapus. Formuluojami tokie uždaviniai: 1. Apibūdinti intelektinių išteklių sąvoką ir išanalizuoti jos apibūdinimus literatūroje; 2. Atskleisti intelektinių išteklių svarbą organizacijai; 3. Išnagrinėti intelektinių išteklių skaičiavimo metodus ir lyginti juos su tradiciniais pelningumo skaičiavimo metodais; 4. Apibrėžti intelektinių išteklių svarbą bankininkystei; 5. Numatyti bankininkystės tolesnio vystymosi gaires, naudojantis intelektinių išteklių skaičiavimo metu sukaupta informacija. Šiame darbe panaudoti mokslinio tyrimo metodai: • lyginimo metodas – atskleidžiami įvairių autorių samprotavimai apie intelektinius išteklius ir jų svarbą organizacijoje; •... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The theme of Master’s Work is actual today because it has been generally noticed that there is a growing difference between the organization’s market value and the real value, traditional measurements of profit are no longer able to reflect the current situation correctly as they calculate only a profit and not – the added value. The new point in this theme is being carried out by the relation between traditional profit measurements and non-financial calculations of intellectual assets efficiency, which is being analysed in order to reveal whether non-financial indicators are capable to represent the information about the successful activity of a bank. The object of the research – the effective use of intellectual assets. The subject of the research – the importance of intellectual assets in further development of banking sector. The goal formulated for this work is to define the importance of intellectual assets in growth of banking sector and also to foresee further stages of development. The tasks that are formulated for this work: 1. To define the concept of intellectual assets and to analyse its definitions in literature; 2. To reveal the importance of intellectual assets for an organization; 3. To analyse the measurement methods of intellectual assets and compare them to traditional profit measurement methods. 4. To foresee further development stages of banking sector, by using the information which has been collected via calculations of intellectual assets. The... [to full text]
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Kohout, Jiří. "Tepelné čerpadlo s akumulací." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318652.

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This diploma thesis deals with the assessment of SCOP of the heat pump installed in the selected building and with the determination of optimal size of accumulation which should help to heat pump work with higher temperature and higher SCOP. Annual savings of operating cost and return of investment from installation of accumulation tank are evaluated in this thesis. In the research part of this thesis are described the main components of heat pump, sources of low-potential heat and types of heat pump.
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Books on the topic "Efficiency coefficient"

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Arkhiereev, S. I. Za mez︠h︡amy vyboru miz︠h︡ efektyvnisti︠u︡ ta spravedlyvisti︠u︡: Miz︠h︡narodnyĭ pidkhid = Beyond the limits of the equity-efficiency trade-off : an international approach = Za predelami vybora mezhdu ėffektivnostʹi︠u︡ i spravedlivostʹi︠u︡ : mezhdunarodnyĭ podkhod. Kharkiv: KhNU imeni V.N. Karazina, 2008.

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Kazeykin, Valeriy, and Vladimir Tolstolugov. Theory and practice of implementation of high energy efficient technologies in construction based on Thermaron heat generators. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1146805.

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The monograph summarizes the legislative and regulatory framework, as well as shows the theory and practice of energy saving and energy efficiency development in Russia and in the world with the actualization of the use of a breakthrough domestic high-energy-efficient technology based on molecular heat generators Termaron. These devices use the principles of hydrolysis, cavitation, magnetism, resonance and synergy of these processes. The results of research conducted with the participation of specialists from Dubna state University, as well as the practice of using the Termaron ATP, showed that its operation provides a high efficiency in the use of electric energy, equal to 0.98, and the coefficient of conversion of electric energy to heat is from 2.3 to 4.6 (on average, 3.45). At the same time, the cost of heat energy and hot water supply is two to three times lower compared to traditional types of heat generating devices. It is intended for representatives of government authorities, University teachers, scientific and practical specialists in the field of design, construction and operation of energy-efficient residential and commercial real estate, state and municipal employees, managers and employees of development companies, students, masters, postgraduates and other specialists interested in improving their competencies in the field of energy efficiency based on domestic innovative breakthrough technologies in Russia and abroad.
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Kalmykov, Sergey, and Nikolay Pashin. Social advertising: designing effective interaction with the target audience. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/23289.

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The monograph analyzes the possibility of managing the process of socio-advertising influence on socio-demographic groups. The developed methodological bases with the use of the multivariate paradigmatic status of sociological knowledge allowed us to form: principles of designing social advertising interaction, factors of efficiency (quality) of social advertising, a system of sociological quality assurance of social advertising. Insufficiently studied problems of efficiency and quality of social advertising are investigated. The coefficients of the importance of its efficiency factors (quality) are established. Stable interrelations of social advertising influence at the level of revealed correlation coefficients of behavioral reactions of various categories of target audience with their characteristics are proved. The results obtained are summarized in the developed model of behavior of the target audience on the basis of social advertising interaction, and the content modules of the mechanism of controllability of the specified process are proposed.
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Janetzke, David C. Efficient computation of aerodynamic influence coefficients for aeroelastic analysis on a transputer network. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1991.

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Covarrubias Díaz, Felipe. Evaluación de la Contribución de las Capacidades Numéricas Básicas y de la Memoria de Trabajo al Rendimiento Aritmético en Niños de Edad Escolar. Universidad Autónoma de Chile, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.32457/20.500.12728/88642019mnc12.

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Introduction: There are several causes and explanations of the cognitive mechanisms that underlie the deficits of mathematical learning difficulties. Several studies have evaluated the relations among general domain cognitive abilities (like intellectual coefficient and working memory (WM)) or cognitive abilities of specific domain; However, there are a few studies that evaluate simultaneously the contribution of cognitive variables of both domains to the arithmetic efficiency. Aim: The present study aims to simultaneously evaluate the unique contribution of the basic numerical capacities (BNC-subitizing, counting and symbolic and non-symbolic comparison) and the different components of WM (verbal and visual-spatial) to the explanation of the variance in academic achievement in basic arithmetic, in third-year students of Basic General Education with and without difficulties in basic arithmetic Methodology: A sample of 93 children was evaluated through computerized tests of BNC and working memory tasks: A group of 25 children with arithmetic learning difficulties (ALD) and 68 children without difficulties in arithmetic (NAD). Results: We found that the symbolic comparison and visuo-spatial WM contribute significantly to efficiency in basic arithmetic. Discussion: The results support the hypothesis of a deficit in the access to the symbolic numerical representations as the origin of the difficulties in the performance in arithmetic and show that certain skills of general domain (WM) contribute significantly to the development of mental numerical representations. Conclusions: It is interesting to evaluate the predictive capacity of these variables, delving into pedagogical issues related to assessment and intervention in mathematics.
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Roberts, Simon. Articular cartilage. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199533909.003.0005.

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Synovial joints allow the efficient and controlled movement necessary for sport with a biological shock-absorbing bearing of hyaline cartilage. This is an extremely low friction surface, with a coefficient of one-sixth of that of ice on ice, lower than most man-made bearing materials. It has viscoelastic properties allowing dynamic congruity and minimization of transmitted pressure and impact....
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Rez, Peter. Ground Transportation: Ships. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802297.003.0012.

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The drag on ships comes from movement through the water. There is a part that is analogous to the parasitic drag in aircraft, and a part that comes from creating the bow and stern waves—in some ways similar to the compressibility drag in aircraft that approach the speed of sound. Given that the density of water is more than 800 times that of air, speeds through the water are slower. Drag coefficients are specified differently for ships than for cars, trucks and airplanes. The relevant area is the total wetted area, and not the frontal projected area. Ships can be very efficient—the very powerful two-stroke diesels that power large container ships and tankers can be over 50% thermally efficient.
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Center, Langley Research, ed. Statistical methods for efficient design of community surveys of response to noise: Random coefficients regression models. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1985.

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Rau, Jochen. Processes and Responses. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199595068.003.0007.

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Thermodynamic processes involve energy exchanges in the forms of work, heat, or particles. Such exchanges might be reversible or irreversible, and they might be controlled by barriers or reservoirs. A cyclic process takes a system through several states and eventually back to its initial state; it may convert heat into work (engine) or vice versa (heat pump). This chapter defines work and heat mathematically and investigates their respective properties, in particular their impact on entropy. It discusses the roles of barriers and reservoirs and introduces cyclic processes. Basic constraints imposed by the laws of thermodynamics are considered, in particular on the efficiency of a heat engine. The chapter also introduces the thermodynamic potentials: free energy, enthalpy, free enthalpy, and grand potential. These are used to describe energy exchanges and equilibrium in the presence of reservoirs. Finally, this chapter considers thermodynamic coefficients which characterize the response of a system to heating, compression, and other external actions.
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M, Kazaroff John, Pavli Albert J, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Program, eds. Experimental performance of a high-area-ratio rocket nozzle at high combustion chamber pressure. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Management, Scientific and Technical Information Program, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Efficiency coefficient"

1

Ahlheim, Michael. "A Reconsideration of Debreu’s “Coefficient of Resource Utilization”." In Welfare and Efficiency in Public Economics, 21–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73370-3_2.

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Pierucci, Sauro, Renato Del Rosso, Angelo Sogaro, Claudio Ferrari, and Stefano Gaudenzi. "Heat Transfer Coefficient of a Film Condenser in a Dual Cycle Refrigeration System." In Energy Efficiency in Process Technology, 543–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1454-7_49.

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Wang, Wenping, Qiuying Shen, and Yuqing Chen. "Community Degree, Clustering Coefficient and Knowledge Propagation Efficiency in Complex Networks." In Understanding Complex Systems, 561–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13938-3_49.

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Pilt, Kristjan, K. Meigas, M. Rosmann, J. Lass, and J. Kaik. "An Experimental Study of PPG Probe Efficiency Coefficient Determination on Human Body." In IFMBE Proceedings, 311–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69367-3_83.

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Bensaci, Charaf-Eddine, Abdelhafid Moummi, and Adnane Labed. "Experimental Investigation on Heat Transfer Coefficient and Thermal Efficiency of Solar Air Heaters Having Different Baffles." In Environmentally-Benign Energy Solutions, 309–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20637-6_17.

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Ronco, C., D. Borin, A. Brendolan, L. Bragantini, S. Chiaramonte, M. Feriani, A. Fabris, and G. LaGreca. "Studies on Peritoneal UF Loss: The UF Coefficient (K) as an Index of the PM Filtration Efficiency." In Frontiers in Peritoneal Dialysis, 100–105. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11784-2_17.

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Kospach, Alexander. "Truck Platoon Slipstream Effects Assessment." In Energy-Efficient and Semi-automated Truck Platooning, 57–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88682-0_5.

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AbstractWith the increase of stringent emission standards and higher road transportation cycles in the last few decades, the importance of transport and fuel efficiency plays a major role. The aerodynamic forces on trucks have a huge impact of the overall fuel consumption rate. For a 40 tonnes semi-trailer truck at 85 km/h on a flat highway, around 40% of the provided engine power is needed to overcome the air resistance (Hucho in Aerodynamik des Automobils. Vieweg + Teubner, Wiesbaden, [1]). An efficient way to reduce the aerodynamic drag of trucks is to build a platoon of trucks. To assess the potential of a truck platoon due to slipstream effect, computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations were conducted. The simulations were performed for a platoon with three trucks for different constant velocities at different inter-vehicle distances. The results are summarised in a normalised drag coefficient and fuel reduction map. As a limiting factor of platooning, the thermal management aspect must be considered, because the slipstream reduces the air mass flow through the engine compartment. This aspect of reduced air mass flow through the engine compartment was analysed as well.
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Lechner, Bernhard, Almir Cajic, Bernhard Fischbacher, Alexander Kospach, Alexander Mladek, Peter Sammer, Christoph Zitz, and Michael Zotz. "Validation of Truck Platoon Slipstream Effects." In Energy-Efficient and Semi-automated Truck Platooning, 69–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88682-0_6.

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AbstractDue to slipstream effects, platooning leads to a significant decrease of the fuel consumption of the heavy-duty vehicles (HDV). Measurements with a platoon consisting of three vehicles were performed at the Zalazone proving ground. The goal of these measurements was to get the static pressure at the front and the rear of the second vehicle to calibrate computational fluid dynamics simulation and to measure the fuel consumption directly. Measurements were done at a vehicle speed of 80 km/h and varying inter-vehicle distances. Platooning leads to a reduction of the pressure coefficients in the centre of the HDV front and an increase of the pressure coefficient at the top and the rear of the HDV. Furthermore, a reduction of the fuel consumption of the leading vehicle of 7.9% at an inter-vehicle distance of 6 m and 3.7% at a distance of 22 m was determined. A comparison to CFD simulation showed a similar fuel reduction for an inter-vehicle distance of 6 m and 22 m. CFD simulation showed an increase of fuel consumption at an inter-vehicle distance of 15 m. This increase was experimentally not validated. Also, results for the following vehicle are presented.
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Oprea, Claudia C., Radu O. Preda, Ionut Pirnog, and Robert Al Dobre. "Efficient Transform Coefficient Coding in HEVC." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 173–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92213-3_25.

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Chang, I.-Lok, Charles Hallahan, and P. A. V. B. Swamy. "Efficient Computation of Stochastic Coefficients Models." In Computational Economics and Econometrics, 43–53. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3162-9_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Efficiency coefficient"

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Maevsky, Dmitry, Elena Maevskaya, Artem Savieliev, Aleksandr Semenyug, and Serhii Horokholynskyi. "Coefficient of efficiency of coupled electric power transmission lines." In 2018 14th International Conference on Advanced Trends in Radioelecrtronics, Telecommunications and Computer Engineering (TCSET). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcset.2018.8336215.

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Amanullah, Md. "Coefficient of Friction Reducing Efficiency of ARC Eco-Lube." In IADC/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/180504-ms.

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Zhuravlyova, Marina, and Vitalii Vedishchev. "Application of Kendall’s W Coefficient to Identify Groups of Statistically Related Variables." In 2021 3rd International Conference on Control Systems, Mathematical Modeling, Automation and Energy Efficiency (SUMMA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/summa53307.2021.9632047.

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Fernandes, Antonio Carlos, Ali Bakhshandeh Rostami, Lucas Gomes Canzian, and Sina Mirzaei Sefat. "Vertical Axis Current Turbine (VACT) and its Efficiency." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10783.

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This study examines the efficiency of a vertical axis current turbine (VACT) according to various non-dimensional mass moments of inertia. The vertical axis current turbine of drag force type with flat plate-shaped blade is tested. From experiments in a circulating water channel the angular velocity, the power coefficient and tip speed ratio of the vertical axis current turbine are obtained. The property changes for various conditions give the relationships between efficiency-related parameters. The maximum power coefficients of experiments occur at the tip speed ratio of approximately 0.35∼0.40. From the experiments, turbine is found to give a 7% power coefficient which related to I* = 0.52.
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Kadirova, Seher Yusnieva, and Zhivko Dimitrov Kolev. "Determination of the heat convection coefficient by CFD simulation of heat transfer processes at forced convection." In 2020 7th International Conference on Energy Efficiency and Agricultural Engineering (EE&AE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eeae49144.2020.9279012.

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Peterson, J., and W. Bowman. "Efficiency of a thermosyphon fin with non-uniform internal condensation coefficient." In 38th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2000-964.

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Mitsuk, S., V. Filippov, and N. Dolmatova. "Eight-Probe Method of Simultanious Measurement of Elecroconductivity and Hall Coefficient of Semiconductor Films." In 2020 2nd International Conference on Control Systems, Mathematical Modeling, Automation and Energy Efficiency (SUMMA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/summa50634.2020.9280827.

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Ovsyannikova, Anna S., Sergey V. Zavjalov, and Sergey V. Volvenko. "Influence of Correlation Coefficient on Spectral and Energy Efficiency of Optimal Signals." In 2018 10th International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icumt.2018.8631218.

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Chen, Chen, Zexiang Miao, Xiandong Meng, Shuyuan Zhu, and Bing Zeng. "DC coefficient estimation of intra-predicted residuals in high efficiency video coding." In 2016 Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vcip.2016.7805511.

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Hasanzadeh, Saeed, and Sadegh Vaez-Zadeh. "Enhancement of overall coupling coefficient and efficiency of contactless energy transmission systems." In Technologies Conference (PEDSTC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pedstc.2011.5742498.

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Reports on the topic "Efficiency coefficient"

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Ayoul-Guilmard, Q., F. Nobile, S. Ganesh, M. Nuñez, R. Tosi, C. Soriano, and R. Rosi. D5.5 Report on the application of multi-level Monte Carlo to wind engineering. Scipedia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/exaqute.2022.3.03.

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We study the use of multi-level Monte Carlo methods for wind engineering. This report brings together methodological research on uncertainty quantification and work on target applications of the ExaQUte project in wind and civil engineering. First, a multi-level Monte Carlo for the estimation of the conditional value at risk and an adaptive algorithm are presented. Their reliability and performance are shown on the time-average of a non-linear oscillator and on the lift coefficient of an airfoil, with both preset and adaptively refined meshes. Then, we propose an adaptive multi-fidelity Monte Carlo algorithm for turbulent fluid flows where multilevel Monte Carlo methods were found to be inefficient. Its efficiency is studied and demonstrated on the benchmark problem of quantifying the uncertainty on the drag force of a tall building under random turbulent wind conditions. All numerical experiments showcase the open-source software stack of the ExaQUte project for large-scale computing in a distributed environment.
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Johra, Hicham. Performance overview of caloric heat pumps: magnetocaloric, elastocaloric, electrocaloric and barocaloric systems. Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau467469997.

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Heat pumps are an excellent solution to supply heating and cooling for indoor space conditioning and domestic hot water production. Conventional heat pumps are typically electrically driven and operate with a vapour-compression thermodynamic cycle of refrigerant fluid to transfer heat from a cold source to a warmer sink. This mature technology is cost-effective and achieves appreciable coefficients of performance (COP). The heat pump market demand is driven up by the urge to improve the energy efficiency of building heating systems coupled with the increase of global cooling needs for air-conditioning. Unfortunately, the refrigerants used in current conventional heat pumps can have a large greenhouse or ozone-depletion effect. Alternative gaseous refrigerants have been identified but they present some issues regarding toxicity, flammability, explosivity, low energy efficiency or high cost. However, several non-vapour-compression heat pump technologies have been invented and could be promising alternatives to conventional systems, with potential for higher COP and without the aforementioned refrigerant drawbacks. Among those, the systems based on the so-called “caloric effects” of solid-state refrigerants are gaining large attention. These caloric effects are characterized by a phase transition varying entropy in the material, resulting in a large adiabatic temperature change. This phase transition is induced by a variation of a specific external field applied to the solid refrigerant. Therefore, the magnetocaloric, elastocaloric, electrocaloric and barocaloric effects are adiabatic temperature changes in specific materials when varying the magnetic field, uniaxial mechanical stress, electrical field or hydrostatic pressure, respectively. Heat pump cycle can be built from these caloric effects and several heating/cooling prototypes were developed and tested over the last few decades. Although not a mature technology yet, some of these caloric systems are well suited to become new efficient and sustainable solutions for indoor space conditioning and domestic hot water production. This technical report (and the paper to which this report is supplementary materials) aims to raise awareness in the building community about these innovative caloric systems. It sheds some light on the recent progress in that field and compares the performance of caloric systems with that of conventional vapour-compression heat pumps for building applications.
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EFFECT OF RANDOM PRE-STRESSED FRICTION LOSS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF A SUSPEN-DOME STRUCTURE. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2022.18.1.5.

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The key to the high-efficiency performance of the suspen-dome structure is to apply the pre-stressed design value to the structure accurately. However, engineering practice has found that the use of tensioning hoop cables to apply the pre-stress will produce noticeable pre-stressed friction loss (PFL), which significantly affects the safety performance of the structure. In this paper, based on a 1:10 scaled-down experiment model of a suspen-dome structure with rolling cable-strut joint installed, the random PFL (RPFL) effect of the suspen-dome on structure performance was analyzed through a probability statistics theory. First, aiming at the unequal tensioning force at both sides of the tensioned hoop cable during the tensioning process, a pre-stressed force calculation method is proposed that considers the unequal tensioning control force and RPFL at all cable–strut joints, and the reliability of this method is verified through a tension test. Then, based on the cable-joint tension test carried out in the early stage of the research group, a random mathematical model of the friction coefficient (FC) at the rolling cable–strut joint is established. And then, the cable force calculation method is used to establish the random finite element model, and independent and random changes in the FC at each rolling cable–strut joint can be considered. Subsequently, the Monte Carlo method is used to calculate the random mathematical characteristics of the mechanical performance parameters such as the member stress and joint deformation, and the obtained results are verified through a static loading experiment. In addition, to investigate the effect of random defects on structural stability, other random defects, such as the initial curvature and installation deviation, were continuously introduce based on the random finite element model. As such, we could obtain the law of the effect of multi-defect random variation coupling on the structure’s ultimate bearing capacity.
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