Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Efficiencey'
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Cook, Rickey A. "A crane and heavy equipment maintenance plan for improving safety and efficiencey." Online version, 1999. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1999/1999cook.pdf.
Full textBai, Guo. "Three Essays on Governance Designs in Digital Age." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLH011/document.
Full textThe main objective of this dissertation is to explain why coordinative efficiency, creative efficiency, together with static efficiency are all critical goals of governance design in digital age, and to explore innovative governance arrangements, beyond the one-dimensional line defined by “market” and “hierarchy”, that can facilitate the processes of integrative coordination, and collective creation in organizations.The dissertation is composed of three essays. Essay 1 is a theory paper that provides the overall theoretical arguments about why transaction cost economics (Williamson 1979, 1991, 1996, 2002) is no longer a satisfactory theoretical framework for governance design in the digital age, and offers a normative model which suggest possibilities of much more nuanced, complicated and pluralistic governance choices than suggested by transaction cost economics. It is argued that potential governance choices are not solely situated on a one-dimensional line between hierarchy and market, as transaction cost economics asserts. The rich connotations of socially constructed agency (Giddens, 1985; Greenwood et al. 2011) provide diverse possibilities of governance arrangements, which spread across a triangular plane in a three-dimensional space defined by static efficiency, coordinative efficiency and creative efficiency (see Figure 1). This paper provides both graphic and mathematical presentations of this three-dimensional model for governance design, which can be applied to different levels of organizing.Essay 2 and 3 are two empirical papers that endeavor to extend Essay 1 by finding out the exact relationship between certain innovative governance arrangements with organizations’ performance in coordinative and creative efficiencies. Essay 2 focuses on the realization of integrative coordination in organizations. It found out that layered distributed organizational structure (Simon, 1962), broad-brushed ex ante plan (Edmondson, Bohmer and Pisano, 2001), and semi-structures (Brown and Eisenhardt, 1997) are beneficial in facilitating an ongoing coordination process when interdependencies are complex and uncertain. Essay 3 focuses on organizations’ performance in collective creativity (Shalley et al., 2004; George, 2007), especially on what governance arrangements can best allow collective creativity to emerge without overly sacrificing organizational stability and efficiency. It is discovered that “ordered disruption”, including ordered spatial disruption, ordered temporal disruption and ordered affective disruption, have positive effects on the emergence of collective creativity. Both Essay 2 and Essay 3 use collaborative organizations on smart city projects as the empirical setting. The findings of these two empirical papers are grounded on multiple case studies on those collaborative organizations
Barnes, Kathryn M. "Solar thermophotovoltaic efficiency potentials : surpassing photovoltaic device efficiencies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74427.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 41-42).
Solar energy has gained more attention in recent years due to increased concerns about the continued use of fossil fuels. Solar energy is a form of renewable energy, and solar energy technology does not release greenhouse gases responsible for climate change. While photovoltaic (PV) cells, which convert sunlight into electrical energy, are becoming more widely used, they are limited in their ability to convert sunlight into electricity. One of the limitations of PV energy generation is caused by the fact that only a limited portion of the energy spectrum of sunlight contributes to electricity generation. Solar thermophotovoltaics (TPV) aim to improve the efficiency with which sunlight can be converted to electrical energy by converting solar energy to thermal energy first before generating electrical energy with a PV cell. Instead of direct illumination by sunlight, the sunlight is absorbed by an intermediate material and then reemitted as a means of energy spectrum control, which in theory allows for more photons to generate useful electrical energy. The efficiency of solar TPV systems have been modeled. These models demonstrate that solar TPV devices have a higher potential efficiency than PV device counterparts. Yet, solar TPV devices are not yet suitable for any sustainable use, and there are many engineering challenges that need to be overcome in order to cross over from theory into practical use.
by Kathryn M. Barnes.
S.B.
Damak, Helmi. "Analyse de la relation entre productivité, profitabilité et création de la valeur : le cas des banques tunisiennes." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0246.
Full textCreating sustainable shareholder value is at this time accepted as one of the mostimportant strategic objectives for financial institutions. Generating stable shareholder value growth requires an intense focus on delivering benefits to customers in the most efficient way, hiring and retaining motivated personnel, maintaining excellent relationship with other firm stakeholders.This thesis provides an analytical assessment of shareholder value creation in banking. The first part of the text provides a framework for analysing shareholder value theory by discussing how shareholder value can be defined, if it can be considered a valid strategic objective for banks, how shareholder value can be measured and how it can be created.The second part of the text presents empirical investigations in order to measureshareholder value and some of it drivers. The final part analyses the importance of these drivers in creating shareholder value. In order to have a broad view of the sector, the sample analysed comprises commercial Tunisian banks listed on Tunisian stock exchange between 1995 and 2009. We use a panel model to examine the determinants of bank's shareholder value reaction (measured by EVA and its components) as a linear function of various bank-specific, industry-specific and macroeconomic. We find that various factors are found to be statistically significantdeterminants of economic profits and shareholder value created by banks. Consistently with the previous literature, we find that cost and revenue efficiency are positively related to bank performance: namely, economic profits are found to have a positive link with revenue efficiency improvements, while EVA is positively related to cost efficiency improvements. Secondly, we find a positive relationship between credit losses and shareholder value providing evidence that higher unexpected losses imply larger business volume and perhaps lower loan portfolio quality. Thirdly, we observe a positive link between bank's leverage and economic profits, but not with EVA. This is due to the positive relationship between financial leverage and the cost of capital, overall, greater financial leverage increase economic profits but this is compensate by higher costs of capital
Nguyen, Thi Thanh Huyen. "Mesurer la performance des universités au Vietnam en termes d’efficience : Une application de la méthode DEA." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1G016/document.
Full textWith the emergence of a knowledge-based economy, the role of higher education is becoming increasingly important. For Vietnam, recent decades have seen an explosion in the demand for higher education. Nevertheless, the current deficiencies of universities in management and in using resources have limited their competitiveness, particularly at regional and international levels. A system of performance measurement becomes indispensable, especially the efficiency. Our study aims to build it, using three techniques: sensitivity analysis, DEA metafrontier and Malmquist index
Kpondjo, Nadia. "Modélisation de la compétitivité industrielle." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100127.
Full textThis thesis deals with the concept of competitiveness of industrial units by the efficiency indicator obtained by DEA approach. We use a cross section data over four different years around 2009. The results show that these units are generally technically inefficient (inefficiency of the order of 1 to 5% by technology and region); their productive combination thus seems less than optimal. In addition, the inefficiency is more pronounced in the cost and allocation of resources by considering the inputs prices of an aluminum smelter in another. All this may explain the closures of recent years. We analyze the assessment of how external factors such as exchange rate, vintage and scale affect the smelters efficiency. Through a linear VECM model we have shown a long-term relationship between the financial performance of major car manufacturers and the price of aluminum alloy. This result is indicative of the interdependence between the two industries
Boitel, Guillaume. "Efficience énergétique et modifications du mouvement propulseur lors d’une tâche de locomotion aquatique d’intensité maximale et sous-maximale : le cas de la monopalme de surface." Thesis, Toulon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUL0001/document.
Full textThe purpose of the present work was to examine the relationship between the metabolic efficiency and the modifications of the propeller movement during various tasks conducted at maximal and submaximal intensities. A descriptive analysis of the monofin-swiming activity was firstly performed, allowing to characterize the physiological profile of high-level monofin-swimmers (Study 1). This first work shows that the amplitude of the cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses to maximal monofin-swimming is significantly less important than that induced during cycling test. These differences in acute physiological adaptations to maximal exercise between the maximal tests suggest an influence of the specific position ofthe body and the low muscular mass recruited in monofin. The goal of the study 2 was investigate the influence of the kick frequency (KF as movement parameter) on the energy cost (Ec) and the metabolic responses during submaximal swimming sessions of constant duration. The findings highlight that the choice of a high KF ( > freely chosen KF, FCKF) as compared to an interval of low KF, results in an optimization of Ec parameter, possibly by the reduction of active drag.The aim of the study 3 was to focus in the effect of the KF on the indicators of the metabolic efficiency (Ec and slow component of the oxygen consumption , VO2SC ) during a time limit (Tlim) conducted at maximal intensity. The selection of a low and high KF (expressed in % of the FCKF) is associated with an alteration of Tlim whereas an improvement of the performance is observed during the FCKF condition. The lack of significant differences of Ec and VO2SC between the conditions suggests that the performance is more dependent on the manipulation of the movement than induced physiological responses. Further studies are necessary to identify the internal and external mechanisms (e.g. muscular activity and/or motor control)
Carrier, Annie. "Raisonnement clinique de l’ergothérapeute en milieu communautaire : rôle de la dimension institutionnelle des contextes sociétal et de pratique." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6829.
Full textAbstract : Community occupational therapists’ clinical reasoning (CR) takes place in constantly evolving contexts. The institutional dimension (ID) of these contexts includes legal and regulatory, administrative and organizational elements, including performance optimization processes. Such processes aim at increasing the efficiency of Health and Social Services Centers (HSSC) homecare occupational therapy services. However, the particular elements of ID involved in CR, including performance optimization, and how they are involved in the choice of occupational therapy interventions, remain unknown. This study aimed to: (1) describe the CR of community occupational therapists; (2) describe the elements of the ID involved; and (3) explore how accountability processes and performance optimization are involved. An institutional ethnography (IE) inquiry was conducted with ten occupational therapists in three Health and Social Services Centres (HSSCs) in Québec. Observations and semi-structured interviews were conducted with these occupational therapists and 12 secondary key informants (colleagues and managers). Documents accessible to and used by occupational therapists were also collected and analyzed with a data extraction grid. All data were analyzed and interpreted using the IE process. The findings revealed that the CR of community occupational therapists considers 13 elements of the ID. These elements modulate how occupational therapists formulate the problem, consider the solutions and make decisions (obj. 1). Second, the CR of participants almost constantly involves three administrative and two organizational elements of the ID (obj. 2). Administrative elements include: institutional procedures, the HSSC’s services offer, and the continuity of services. Organizational elements include: the expected response of the occupational therapist (mandate) and delays in access to services. Third, the occupational therapists’ CR includes a constant preoccupation about their performance (obj. 3), which restricts the time and follow-up allocated to each client. The clinicians’ assessments and their interventions are often limited to the object of referral, which is usually about autonomy in personal care and mobility, unless the client’s safety is threatened. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the involvement of ID and, specifically, the performance optimization process, in the CR of community occupational therapists. The performance preoccupation is associated with a reduction in occupational therapists’ range of actions. Therefore, their capacity to be truly autonomous, the clients’ access to services as well as the fulfilment of the healthcare system’s objectives are compromised.
Ndegue, Fongue Moïse Kouakou. "Efficience technique et efficience environnementale en agriculture." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28398/28398.pdf.
Full textSultana, Frédéric. "Effet du vieillissement sur les facteurs de la performance en triathlon." Phd thesis, Toulon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00912327.
Full textAlfieri, Elise. "Cryptomonnaies et efficience des marchés." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAG008.
Full textThe innovation introduced by cryptocurrencies and their underlying technology, blockchain, opens new avenues for research in finance. This PhD dissertation proposes three essays on cryptocurrencies, essays that use the theoretical framework of markets' informational efficiency.The first study aims to explain how the blockchain developed in informal communities is adopted and incorporated by organizations. This study uses the contractual and cognitive approaches of the organization theory in order to provide a theoretical framework for the blockchain technology. Through an illustrated literature review, a two-level analysis presents the potential uses of blockchain based on information access for participants. The objective of the second study is twofold. First, it raises the question about the true nature of Bitcoin. After comparing Bitcoin with currencies, gold and common stocks, we base our analysis on the assumption that cryptocurrencies may be assimilated to common stocks. Second, the financial performance (risk-adjusted return) of Bitcoin is empirically assessed using traditional models such as the CAPM and Fama-French three-factor models. We find that while integrating Bitcoin in portfolio highly improves its diversification, it also provides positive and significant risk-adjusted returns in the World, European and Asia-Pacific regions. The high Bitcoin's volatility and performance lead us naturally to focus on the speculative bubble aspect of cryptocurrencies, which is the focus of the third study. The analysis uses the PSY model of Phillips and Shi, 2018. Second, we focus the analysis on the main peak/burst of the cryptocurrency market at the end of 2017 using the Log Periodic Power Law (LPPL) model. The results suggest periods of bubbles implying a contagion effect between cryptocurrencies. The conceptual and empirical findings of this dissertation contribute to prior literature on cryptocurrencies on academic grounds. Our findings are also important for businesses and for investors that are interested in the cryptocurrency and blockchain potential as well as for policymakers in charge of their regulation
Guillaume, Annelyse. "Prendre en compte la singularité des acteurs en management, une source d'efficience pour les organisations : cas de recherches-interventions en établissements et services médico-sociaux." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO30019/document.
Full textNowadays, companies have to face greater expectations in terms of performance and quality. Their survival depends on their ability to constantly adapt to a changing environment and increase their efficiency in order to remain competitive. With such a change, improvisation and approximation are less welcome and professionalism is the key that will lead to greater effectiveness.To meet the challenge, they can rely on the crucial asset that is their human potential. Most authors agree on the fact that the actors with their skills and creativity are essential to the success of a company. Yet, even though society seems to be getting better at taking people’s needs of individualisation and personal fulfilment into account, very few companies see these needs as an essential lever to their efficiency.To various degrees, companies tend to have complex relationships with their human resources which end up having an impact on their management methods.From then on, our research will focus on defining the most suitable management methods that will help establish an effective cooperation with the individualized actors, and lead to a different and more efficient organization.And doing so, we will look at:- the different systems we find in terms of management interaction;- the importance given to the actors in their individuality in such systems;- the impact that taking the actors’ singularity into account can have on the company’s; efficiency, especially during the transitional phase of the reorganization
Ben, Zekri Mghirbi Yosser. "Analyse des compromis entre la production et l’efficience de l’eau et de l’azote dans les systèmes céréaliers méditerranéens à base de blé dur." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NSAM0019/document.
Full textThe low efficiency of non-renewable resources such as water and nitrogen is a constraint for a sustained increase in cereal production. The simultaneous increase in water and nitrogen use efficiency and yields is a major challenge for cereal production in the Mediterranean, mainly for durum wheat production. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the variability of durum yields in Tunisia with respect to the two factors of production water and nitrogen and the opportunities of jointly increasing productivity and efficiency in a durum wheat-based cropping systems. This study is based on experimental data, regional statistics and farm surveys conducted on a sample of 537 agronomic situations (the combination of a farmer’s field, a year and a previous crop) which are representative of the diversity of farmers’ practices in four grain-producing regions that provide a major part of cereal production. Based on the efficiency decomposition approach and the concepts of limiting factor, eco-efficiency frontier and yield gap, data collected allowed us to establish a framework allowing to analyze trade-offs between the resource (water and nitrogen) use efficiency and yield. Tested with experimental data and applied to farmers' data for the case of nitrogen, this framework demonstrated that non-cereal preceding crops, especially legumes, result in a higher potential for N uptake by durum wheat than with a monoculture. Diversified rotations result also to an increase in both yield and N-use efficiency of the following durum wheat. The increase in the efficiency frontier of nitrogen capture is partly of-set by increased N uptake gaps in farmers’ fields indicating the presence of other limiting factors. Water and its interactions with nitrogen could be considered among the main factors that may affect nitrogen uptake and hence yields of durum wheat. This work would allow combining, on the one hand, the diagnosis of limiting factors at the level of farmer’s fields and on the other hand the analysis of scenarios for the management of trade-offs between production efficiency with farmers and decision-makers
Bonhomme, Ludovic. "Protéome foliaire et efficience d'utilisation de l'eau chez le peuplier." Thesis, Orléans, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ORLE2011/document.
Full textIn the actual climate change context, the cultivated varieties will have to cope with the expected environmental modifications. In poplar, the breeding of genetic ressources able to grow with lower water costs becomes therefore, an essential criterion that can be evaluated from water-use efficiency (WUE). In order to assess the interest to develop a breeding program based on WUE, it was agreed to judge if the genetic variation of WUE observed on young cuttings, were still expressed on trees cultivated in poplar plantation on contrasted soils. In addition, in order to initiate a study of the molecular determinism of WUE, we evaluated the degree of genetic variation in the leaf proteome of eight poplar genotypes contrasted for their WUE and cultivated under varied water supply. Our work evidenced consistent genetic variations of WUE in poplars cultivated in a commercial plantation. However, the type of cultivated soil modified considerably the genotypic ranking, whereas ranking established on the most favourable soils for poplar growth, remained comparable with the one described previously in greenhouse. Our experiments also validated the possibility of distinguishing genotypes contrasted for WUE from their leaf proteome. We showed that leaf proteome of eight poplar genotypes differing by their WUE displayed consistent genetic variations in their drought response and that there were relationships between leaf protein abundances and genetic variations of WUE
Majiet, Ziyaad. "Impeding efficiency." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5595.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references.
Impeding Efficiency is based on my interest in the manner in which we experience space and in particular, the moment we become conscious of our surrounding built environment. The point of change between spaces, the threshold. Contemporary society lives in fast-forward; everything we do has been streamlined, developed in principles of efficiency. This phenomenon has caused a divide between user and the experience of architecture. We move rapidly, only with goal in mind, very rarely pausing, to adjust and reflect on our surroundings. This sparked a study of the threshold in architecture through the lens of four architects and the architectural strategies they have applied in a manner that impedes efficiency, hinders mobility, slows down time and allows for personal interpretation of the build environment.
N'Dah, Hartmann. "La structuration de l'essor du marché financier de l'Afrique de l'Ouest : enjeu d'une mutation." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1G003.
Full textThe last two decades have seen a dramatic rise in stock markets in developing countries. This increase in marketactivity promoted, according to some authors, the improved economic performance of some so-called emergingcountries. However, African countries are still struggling to enjoy the benefits of market activity, given thenarrow, low liquidity and inefficiency of their stock markets. The stock markets of these countries clearlylagging behind compared to developing countries on other continents. This thesis examines the factors thatexplain the level of development of stock markets in developing countries in general and African countries inparticular from a sample of 106 countries. The empirical analysis is based around the statistical and econometrictests. The results show that social capital measured by the confidence greatly influences the development ofstock markets in developing countries. This confidence, since it is very low in Africa, explains the delay ofAfrican stock markets compared to markets in developing countries of other continents. Moreover, the lowconfidence in Africa is due to the heterogeneity of populations which are characterized by high ethnic, linguisticand religious fragmentation. The results also show that the development of new technologies of information andcommunication positively influences the development of stock markets by reducing transaction costs. Finally,the development of African stock markets is also compromised by their early opening to the world. Indeed,financial openness negatively affects market activity in these countries. To encourage the growth of Africanstock exchanges, it is necessary to take a number of measures. This is to improve the institutional environmentin order to better protect the owners of capital, this will reduce the effect of low confidence; to implement apolicy that promotes the socio-cultural mixing between populations; to work to increase the number of listedcompanies on the stock market through the opening to the private, the capital of state owned companies throughthe stock market and incentives vis- à-vis the private sector , and to promote development of New Technologiesof Information and Communication
Casteuble, Cécile. "Bank risk-return efficiency, ownership structure and bond pricing : evidence from western european listed banks." Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0080/document.
Full textThis thesis consists of three empirical essays with an emphasis on bank risk-return efficiency and bond pricing. Chapter 1 aims at a better understanding of the quality of banks’ risk management by providing, for a set of European listed banks, a measure of each bank’s relative efficiency in terms of risk-return trade-off. We show that the level of bank risk-return efficiency is quite stable in the short term, whereas in the long term low performing banks are not condemned to remain inefficient. We also identify some common characteristics for the most risk-return efficient banks, which are assigned, by rating agencies, a more attractive financial strength rating. In chapter 2, we investigate the determinants of bank bond spread and we show that bank managerial ability, proxied by bank risk-return efficiency, improves the explanation of the default premium required by bondholders. Our results underline that standard default risk measures do not entirely reflect the default premium and banks’ managerial ability turns out to be a determinant of bondholders’ confidence in the measure of the effective level of bank default. Chapter 3 examines the effect of divergence between control rights and cash-flow rights of ultimate owners in pyramid ownership structure on the pricing of banking bonds. Whereas before the financial crisis such a divergence does not affect bank bond yield spread, during downturns bondholders require a lower spread from banks controlled by an ultimate owner with excess control rights. The investigation on more restrictive subsets underlines that this result is only significant when banks experience a high level of default risk
Chen, Ning. "Bandwidth Efficiency and Power Efficiency Issues for Wireless Transmissions." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10484.
Full textMenard, Audrey-Rose. "Essays on aid development." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAB018/document.
Full textThe objective of this dissertation is to contribute to the existing knowledge about foreign aid, either about its consequences on the developing world or about its implications for developed economies. Chapter 1 shows that aid improves public institutions when aid is allocated by multilateral agencies. The benefits of aid are even more valuable in countries not reliant on their oil resources rents. In Chapter 2 we analyse the possible Granger causal relationships running between foreign aid and corruption in developing countries. Our data reveal that aid does not result in more or less corruption, and reversely corruption does not exert a significant influence on future assistance. In Chapter 3 we evidence that foreign assistance enhances the recipient country's efficiency of production, in particular when the country has democratic and macroeconomic sound institutions. Chapter 4 reports our data analysis on donors' domestic policies. Aid, migration and unemployment policies are recognized to be tightly connected for OECD donors. Specifically, aid policies are partly shaped by the burden of unemployment and the stock of migrants observed in the donor country
Stock, Pierre. "Efficiency and Redundancy in Deep Learning Models : Theoretical Considerations and Practical Applications." Thesis, Lyon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LYSEN008.
Full textDeep Neural Networks led to major breakthroughs in artificial intelligence. This unreasonable effectiveness is explained in part by a scaling-up in terms of computing power, available datasets and model size -- the latter was achieved by building deeper and deeper networks. In this thesis, recognizing that such models are hard to comprehend and to train, we study the set of neural networks under the prism of their functional equivalence classes in order to group networks by orbits and to only manipulate one carefully selected representant. Based on these theoretical considerations, we propose a variant of the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm which amounts to inserting, between the SGD iterations, additional steps allowing us to select the representant of the current equivalence class that minimizes a certain energy. The redundancy of the network's parameters highlighted in the first part naturally leads to the question of the efficiency of such networks, hence to the question of their compression. We develop a novel method, iPQ, relying on vector quantization that drastically reduces the size of a network while preserving its accuracy. When combining iPQ with a new pre-conditioning technique called Quant-Noise that injects quantization noise in the network before its compression, we obtain state-of-the-art tradeoffs in terms of size/accuracy. Finally, willing to confront such algorithms to product constraints, we propose an application allowing anyone to make an ultra-low bandwidth video call that is deployed on-device and runs in real time
Alam, Ahmad Mahbubul. "Energy efficiency-spectral efficiency tradeoff in interference-limited wireless networks." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ISAR0028/document.
Full textOne of the used strategies to increase the spectral efficiency (SE) of cellular network is to reuse the frequency bandwidth over relatively small areas. The major issue in this case is higher interference, decreasing the energy efficiency (EE). In addition to the higher bandwidth, densification of the networks (e.g. small cells or multi-user multiple input single output, MU-MISO) potentially increases the area spectral efficiency (ASE). The total energy consumption of the wireless networks increases due to the large amount of circuit power consumed by the dense network structures, leading to the decrease of EE. In this thesis, the EE-SE achievable region is characterized in a hexagonal cellular network considering several frequency reuse factors (FRF), as well as shadowing. The EE-ASE region is also studied using Poisson point processes (PPP) to model the MU-MISO network with signal-to-leakage-and-noise ratio (SLNR) precoder. Different base station (BS) densities and different number of BS antennas with static power consumption are considered.The EE-SE region in a hexagonal cellular network for different FRF, both with and without shadowing is first characterized. When shadowing is considered in addition to the path loss, the ε-SE-EE tradeoff is proposed as an outage measure for performance evaluation. The EE-SE curves have a large linear part, due to the static power consumption, followed by a sharp decreasing EE, since the network is homogeneous and interference-limited. The results show that FRF of 1 for regions close to BS and higher FRF for regions closer to the cell edge improve the EE-SE optimal point. Moreover, better EE-SE tradeoff can be achieved with higher outage values. Besides, FRF of 1 is the best choice for very high outage value due to the significant signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) decrease.In downlink, precoders are used in space division multiple access (SDMA) MU-MISO cellular networks to improve the SINR. Stochastic geometry has been intensively used to analyse such a complex system. A closed-form expression for ASE in asymptotic regime, i.e. number of antennas and number of users grow to infinity, has been derived using random matrix theory and stochastic geometry. BSs and users are modeled by two independent PPP and SLNR precoder is used at BS. EE is then derived from a linear power consumption model. Monte Carlo simulations show that the analytical expressions are tight even for moderate number of antennas and users. Moreover, the EE-ASE curves have a large linear part before a sharply decreasing EE, as observed for hexagonal network. The results also show that SLNR outperforms the zero-foring (ZF) precoder, which is typically used in literature. Numerical results for SLNR show that deploying more BS or a large number of BS antennas increase ASE, but the gain depends on the BS-user density ratio and on the number of antennas when user density is fixed. EE increases only when the increase in ASE dominates the increase of the power consumption per unit area. On the other hand, when the user density increases, ASE in interference-limited region can be improved by deploying more BS without sacrificing EE and the ergodic rate of the users
Moradinejad, Reza. "Le rôle de l'économie en droit du contrat." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GREND006.
Full textThe present study aims to show how the objectives defined by the economic science may contribute to the evolution of the contract law. First, it shows why and how the conception of contract should be changed following the evolution of economic theories. We demonstrate that the contract, as a legal framework for the economical relations, may fulfil its principal function, which is to assure the efficiency of the economic relations, only if its conception is based on the economic findings. Thus, we propose a new conception which is based on the relational approach to contract. Then, we will show how the quest for social justice has changed the conception of contractual justice. The direction of this evolution is, on the one hand, from indifference of law regarding the contractual balance towards the direct or indirect interventions, and, in the other hand, from commutative justice in one isolated contract to the promotion of social justice by intervening in the contractual relations
Ondoua, Ekobena Jean-Marie. "Le processus budgétaire au Cameroun : aspects juridico-institutionnels et analyse critique des enjeux et défis de la nouvelle gouvernance financière publique." Thesis, Littoral, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017DUNK0454.
Full textCameroon has adopted a new state financial regime by law n ° 2007/006 of 26 December 2007, which entered into force on 1 January 2013. This law introduces a new culture in the way public finances are conceived and managed and is part of a movement of fundamental reform of public finances in the world. The budgeting process is significantly improved through the introduction of program budgeting. Thanks to this new system, public decision-makers, politicians or managers stop thinking only in terms of means to turn resolutely towards the pursuit of performance. This work proposes to make a diagnosis of the state budget, from its conception to its elaboration until its execution and its control. It highlights and traces the contributions and impacts of the new public financial governance in a context marked by degraded public finances. It provides a critical analysis of the framework and actors in charge of public budgets, apprehends the stakes and exposes the challenges facing our public finances
Kidd, Matthew Donald. "Bicycle chain efficiency." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1245.
Full textRobbins, Peter. "Court Efficiency Rating." Thesis, Boston College, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/586.
Full textCan statistical analysis of professional basketball players lead to a more efficient evaluation of a player's worth? Following the recent success of statistic-driven baseball franchises, many basketball executives and followers are beginning to mine the sport's production in search of an all-encompassing player value rating. Teams could thus exploit undervalued players, leading to increased team and fan welfare. My thesis addresses this ongoing debate by examining various player and team statistics in the National Basketball Association (NBA). While I find significant relationships between individual efficiency statistics and team success, I also discover the paramount importance of defensive statistics and balanced team payrolls. This paper proposes a model that would help team executives find players who promote team efficiency, rather than individual production
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2006
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Economics
Discipline: College Honors Program
Bergkvist, Skoglund Jim, and Daniel Svensson. "Stock efficiency, Almroths." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-122916.
Full textSghaier, Asma. "Étude comparative entre l'efficience des banques conventionnelles et celles non conventionnelles : Fondements théoriques et Validation empirique." Thesis, Toulon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUL2002.
Full textThis thesis addressed the subject of "Operational Efficiency of Islamic Banks : A Comparative Empirical Study", in order to assess the efficiency of Islamic banks in controlling costs as compared to those of conventional banks. This Search has been divided into five chapters as follows :Chapter I : General concepts and principles;Chapter II : Competition between banks Islamic and conventional banks in opticalefficiency;Chapter III : Banking efficiency: concepts and approaches to measure;Chapter IV : Framework for analysis and research methodology;Chapter V : An Econometric Study of the operational efficiency of Islamic banks andconventional banks;The study found a set of results, including: that the traditional banks are more efficient than Islamic banks, both in the exploitation of the resources available or in a combination of these resources optimally and then to control costs, and that the conventional banks and Islamic banks are more efficient in utilization of available resources to reach output from the use of the optimal mix of these resources
Mohamed, Ahid Ould Isselmou. "Efficiences technique et allocative." Limoges, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LIMO0511.
Full textThe efficiency of the firm is at the center concerns of the micro-economic theory of the production. For the bank, efficiency corresponds not only to one internal objective, but also a commercial need. The objective of this work is to show, first of all, the relevance of the function of distance like measuring instrument of efficiency, and then, to propose an application to banking industry. If the function of distance is relevant for many industries, it is it particularly for banking industry. The Mauritanian banking environment, who has known for a few years a movement of reorganization and modernization, presents a field of study of an unquestionable interest which makes it possible the Mauritanians authorities to have a tool of decision-making aid as regards liberalization of banking industry
Sarin, Amit. "Equitable economic energy efficiency : creating good jobs in low-income efficiency programming." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/55142.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-100).
Energy efficiency is an important consideration in energy policy-making. So, a federal program aimed at funding "energy efficiency retrofits" for low-income households could be an important step in increasing the overall efficiency of energy use in America. If each eligible household reduces the amount of energy it currently wastes by weatherizing, the US could save 127 billion pounds of carbon dioxide. The Department of Energy's Weatherization Assistance Program, that performs energy efficiency retrofits for low-income households, has been funded by over a 20- fold increase due to Stimulus Funding (formally, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009). This increase has caused a serious need for a labor ramp-up to meet the program implementation goals of 1 million to 2 million low-income homes weatherized per year, as compared with the previous level of 100,000 homes a year. This program will only work, however, if the necessary workers can be trained and deployed quickly. This need for labor ramp-up creates a puzzle though. The interests of expanding the weatherization effort quickly and effectively are often posed against the interest of creating quality jobs for marginalized workers. The stakeholders representing each interest-low-income energy efficiency advocates and Green Collar Job Advocates-are both working for the interests of the low-income people, creating some hope for a positive, mutually agreeable solution.
(cont.) This thesis attempts to bridge this gap by documenting how the need for thousands of weatherization workers might be handled in a way that not only stimulates the national economy-the primary goal of the current national economic stimulus effort--but also provides Auditor and Installer jobs for marginalized workers in a way that leads to fruitful long-term employment. Based on my review of ramp-up and weatherization efforts in Massachusetts, I find that collaborative efforts involving existing Community Action Programs, labor unions, Utility companies, neighborhood organizations and educational institutions that prioritize training for long-term skill development may well be possible to promote energy efficiency in a way that addresses both our long-term need to reduce the burning of fossil fuel and our urgent need to stimulate the US economy and improve the economic lot of the most marginalized in US society.
by Amit Sarin.
M.C.P.
Onireti, Oluwakayode S. "Fundamental trade-off between energy efficiency and spectral efficiency in cellular networks." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2012. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/810838/.
Full textLi, Xing. "Efficiency droop mitigation and quantum efficiency enhancement for nitride Light-Emitting Diodes." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/395.
Full textBeskow, Cecilia. "Towards a higher efficiency." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Machine Design, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-2938.
Full textNaper, Linn Renée. "Educational efficiency and institutions." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Economics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-2252.
Full textJansson, Gustav. "Industrialised housing design efficiency." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Byggkonstruktion och -produktion, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-25688.
Full textIndustriellt byggande har de senaste tio åren ökat sina marknadsandelar från 2% till 15% på den svenska bostadsmarknaden för flerfamiljshus. Prefabricering har utvecklats till industrialisering, där fabriker inte bara producerar komponenter för montering på byggplats, utan tar även helhetsansvar för försäljning, konstruktion, i fabrik och för montering av bostäder. Utvecklingen av en mer automatiserad produktion ställer högre krav på projekteringen. Som en definierad flaskhals måste tid frigöras från koordinering till kärnverksamhet för att skapa förbättringar och tillåta produktutveckling. Med förändringen från ritningsbaserad till modellbaserad byggprojektering, ges möjligheten att arbeta samtidigt för bättre effektivitet. Fokuseringen på BIM-stöd med CAD-verktyg har lett till att utvecklare skapar system som i huvudsak stödjer produktmodellering. För industriellt bostadsbyggande, är stöd för effektivitet i projekteringsprocessen lika viktig. Empiri har samlats genom intervjuer, observationer och dokumenterade aktiviteter i en fallstudie hos en svensk industriell bostadsbyggare för att analysera vilka komponenter och funktioner som ett stödsystem för projektering behöver för att skapa värde för företagen. Resultaten visar att en definition av projektering i steg med gater, aktiviteter för samplanering och användandet av metoder för att visualisera processen har ökat effektiviteten med omkring 41 % för informationsleveranser. Dessutom visar studien att stödsystem bör kunna skapa både internt värde för effektiva informationsleveranser och yttre värde för att möta och hantera kunders krav på ett standardiserat sätt. Ett stödsystem, baserat på produktutvecklingsteorier med axiomatisk design som grund, kan kombinera både produktstruktur med BIM- funktioner och processrelaterade funktioner för planering och därmed säkra kvaliteten mellan discipliner för samverkande arbete. Product life cycle management (PLM) är ett övergripande koncept för hantering av produktutveckling i ett livscykelperspektiv, vilket har ett definierat regelverk som är applicerbart på industriell byggprojektering, både för utvecklare av IT-system och för industriella husbyggare.
Godkänd; 2010; 20100914 (gusjan); LICENTIATSEMINARIUM Ämnesområde: Träbyggnad/Timber Structures Examinator: Docent lektor Helena Johnsson, Luleå tekniska universitet Diskutant: Tekn. Lic. Jerker Lessing, Tyréns, Malmö Tid: Onsdag den 20 oktober 2010 kl 10.00 Plats: F1031, Luleå tekniska universitet
Moynihan, Muiris. "Material efficiency in construction." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/246258.
Full textBrueggemann, Tobias. "Efficiency of local search." Enschede : University of Twente [Host], 2006. http://doc.utwente.nl/57144.
Full textÖrn, Markus. "Towards Better Alternator Efficiency." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-109098.
Full textWadud, Md Abdul. "Farm efficiency in Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/184.
Full textChan, Walker R. "High efficiency thermophotovoltaic microgenerators." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99773.
Full textThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 137-150).
We proposed, designed, and demonstrated a first-of-a-kind millimeter-scale thermophotovoltaic (TPV) system using a metallic microburner, photonic crystal (PhC) emitter, and low bandgap TPV cells. Many technologies (fuel cells, Stirling, thermoelectric, etc.) that potentially enable a portable millimeter-scale hydrocarbon microgenerator are under active investigation because conventional fuels offer energy densities fifty times that of batteries. In a TPV system, combustion heats an emitter to incandescence and the resulting thermal radiation is converted to electricity by photovoltaic cells. Our approach uses a moderate temperature (1000{1200°C) microburner coupled to a high emissivity, high selectivity PhC selective emitter and low bandgap TPV cells. The PhC emitter and low bandgap cells minimize total microgenerator mass by enabling simultaneous high eciency and high power density, even at moderate temperatures which allow ecient coupling to the combustion process by reducing undesired heat loss mechanisms. This approach is predicted to be capable of up to 30% ecient fuel-to-electricity conversion within a millimeter-scale form factor. Although considerable technological barriers need to be overcome to reach full performance, we have performed a robust experimental demonstration that validates the theoretical framework and the key system components. We first demonstrated a first-of-a-kind TPV system built from a 1010 mm catalytic silicon MEMS microburner with a Si/SiO₂ 1D PhC matched to the InGaAsSb (Eg = 0:55 eV) cells which achieved 2.7% fuel-to-electricity eciency, a millimeter-scale record, at a power of 344 mWe. We then proposed, designed, and demonstrated a highly robust metallic platform comprised of a 2020 mm Inconel microburner and a higher performance 2D tantalum PhC emitter. With the new system, we experimentally demonstrated a similar eciency but can achieve 5% with simple mechanical improvements. These two experimental demonstrations will pave the way for a lightweight, high energy density TPV microgenerator. We modeled a complete microgenerator based on the experimental system and found an energy density of 850 Wh/kg and power density of 40 W/kg are achievable.
by Walker R. Chan.
Ph. D.
Дегтярьова, Ія Олександрівна, Ия Александровна Дегтярева, Iia Oleksandrivna Dehtiarova, and D. Snitko. "Ecological-economic systems efficiency." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/7833.
Full textHerrera-Restrepo, Oscar A. "Efficiency-Driven Enterprise Design." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/80481.
Full textPh. D.
Prachýl, Lukáš. "Efficiency in Shared Services." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-96416.
Full textLudwig, Martijn. "Efficiency of Dutch hospitals." [Maastricht] : Maastricht : [Maastricht University] ; University Library, Universiteit Maastricht [host], 2008. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=14558.
Full textAlexander, Jennifer Karns. "The meanings of efficiency /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10426.
Full textAl-Jarrah, Idries Mohammed Wanas. "Efficiency in Arabian banking." Thesis, Bangor University, 2002. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/efficiency-in-arabian-banking(06c8ee57-a0e4-4e63-bcf1-c6c028b59dda).html.
Full textWagner, Christina. "Dynamic efficiency under uncertainty." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17242.
Full textDairy farming, the most important farming sector in the European Union, has been subject to considerable de-regulation since the 2005 EU Common Agricultural Policy came into effect and to increased commodity price volatility. This is a new challenge for dairy farms, since price volatility is related to farm-level decision-making with regard to the optimal factor allocation in the long run. A vast body of literature relates economic efficiency to dairy farm characteristics such as size or managerial ability. However, it is common for static approaches of efficiency which ignore the role of time and the adjustment processes of farms with respect to the quasi-fixed factors to be applied. The intertemporal linkages of production and investment decisions are emphasized by dynamic efficiency and an extended model incorporates factor price volatility. The contribution of this thesis is to analyze the dynamic efficiency of German dairy farms under uncertainty, which thus far has not been done. The application aims to investigate whether West German dairy farms use their production factors in a technically and allocative efficient way in the long run. Moreover, the application will explore the role of uncertainty for factor demand and efficiency measurement. The results show that the farms operate at high levels of technical efficiency in comparison to allocative efficiency and that feed demand is negatively related to the variance of the feed concentrate price. Investment is negatively related to the variance of the milk price and the effect increases with farm size. The results further show empirical evidence for considering uncertainty when deriving (dynamic) efficiency measures: neglecting uncertainty within the estimation procedure will underestimate the average efficiency score, and thus farms appear inefficient. This finding is not only interesting for dairy farms; it also applies to other sectors that operate in highly-volatile markets.
Leon, Diego, and Viktor Meyer. "Efficiency evaluation of digitalization." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-258134.
Full textKonceptet digitalisering har blivit allt mer utbrett på grund av den enorma datorkraft som finns i våra nuvarande digitala maskiner. Den svenska sjukvården har fokuserat på digitalisering i form av e-hälsa under det senaste decenniet och antalet digitala tjänster ökar snabbt. Genom att använda modern teknik för att skapa smartare och effektivare processer är det möjligt att förbättra kvaliteten för patienter och användare.Det finns ett behov av mer tillförlitlig kunskap om digitalisering och dess potential för effektivitet. Detta projekt har som mål att undersöka denna effektivitet. Syftet är att direkt bidra med mer data om ämnet digitalisering.Detta projekt bygger på en kvalitativ forskningsmetod samt en fallstudie för att genomföra effektivitetsprov och jämföra manuella med digitaliserade arbetsprocesser.Den använda forskningsmetodiken består av en litteraturstudie, konstruktion av en digitaliserad process, samt två tester där vardera test utvärderar både en manuell och digital process. Processerna innefattar dokumentgenerering och kommunikation, inom sjukvården.Testresultaten visar att digitalisering uppnår en total effektivitetsökning på 333% när alla resultat sammanställs. Överlag är det från resultaten uppenbart att digitalisering leder till ökad effektivitet. Effektiviteten som uppnås varierar från process till process. I det generella fallet observeras ökad effektivitet, men ibland även minskad.
Kohashi, Andrea Aya. "A question of efficiency." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1666.
Full textTrabelsi-Zouari, Awatef. "Effet intra-ponte du moment d'éclosion sur la morphologie, la croissance et l'efficience métabolique des larves de brochet Esox lucius et de carpe commune Cyprinus carpio." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10128/document.
Full textBased on the analysis of 11 and 8 morphometric variables of body and yolk sac for pike and common carp larvae, we have shown the existence of a significant hatching time effect dependent on the species. For pike, early hatched larvae have a smaller body size at hatch, faster growth rate and higher yolk use efficiency than late hatched ones. In carp, the initial morphometry of larvae at hatch is more homogenous but growth rate was higher in early late hatched larvae compared to larvae hatched earlier. At hatch, the body of early hatched pike larvae was smaller (total length: 8.1 mm HT1 vs 9.5mm HT3 ; p <0.05), their tissues were less abundant (dry weight 0.25 mg ind-1 HT1 vs 0.32 mg ind-1 HT3 ; p <0.05) less energetic (5.98 J. ind-1 HT1 vs 8.46 J. ind-1 HT3 ; p <0.05) with less protein content (0.17 mg ind-1 HT1 vs 0.22 mg ind-1 HT3; p <0,05) but yolk was more important (dry weight 1.44 mg ind-1 HT1 vs 1.33 mg ind-1 HT3; p <0.05) more energetic (38.55 J. ind-1 HT1 vs 36.29 J. ind-1 HT3 ; p <0.05) with higher protein content (0.98 mg ind-1 HT1 vs 0.90 mg ind-1 HT3; p <0.05) compared to larvae hatched at the end of the hatching period (ME3)
Bartelmess, Johan. "Compression efficiency of different picture coding structures in High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC)." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för systemteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-281926.
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