Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Efficenza'
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Panetta, Ida Claudia. "La corporate Governance nelle Banche di Credito Cooperativo: aspetti teorici ed evidenze empiriche." Doctoral thesis, La Sapienza, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/917595.
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Ciliberti, Anna. "Il sistema giudiziario italiano: un’analisi di efficienza." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/2142.
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2013 - 2014The problem of the inefficiency of the judicial system is a very present in Italy. In Italy the average duration of a process is significantly higher than that of the Ocse countries. The excessive length of judgments has meant that the cost incurred by the Italian government for compensation for financial loss for the unreasonable length of the process has assumed alarming proportions. The Italian judicial system is characterized, respect to major European countries, for the high litigation and for the high number of lawyers working in the field of legal services respect to the population... [edited by author]
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Valdifiori, Federica. "Individuazione di best practices di efficienza energetica industriale in piccole e medie imprese." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/22502/.
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Questo lavoro di tesi, frutto dell’attività di tirocinio svolto presso ENEA all'interno del progetto europeo GEAR@SME (Generate Energy Efficient Acting and Results at Small & Medium Enterprises), si è concentrato sull’individuazione di misure di efficienza energetica (EEM) rivolte alle piccole e medie imprese nel settore manifatturiero. Per affrontare tale tema è stata analizzata una banca dati di misure di efficienza energetica raccomandate dall’ente americano Industrial Assessment Centers (IAC) provenienti da casi studio reali. Visto l’elevato numero di EEM contenute all’interno di questo database, è stato applicato l’approccio "Analytical Hierarchy Process” (AHP) per ordinare le EEM implementate dalle PMI manifatturiere, in modo da selezionare quelle a cui è attribuita maggiore priorità. Una volta applicato il metodo AHP, sono state analizzate le EEM ottenute per le PMI e nello specifico per le PMI che operano nella fabbricazione di prodotti in metallo (NACE C25), attività in cui operano maggiormente le aziende dell’area industriale Roveri, oggetto dello studio. Successivamente si è indagato sulla possibilità di sviluppare un modello predittivo capace di correlare le caratteristiche di un edificio industriale (parametri quantitativi come le trasmittanze dell’involucro, le proprietà geometriche dell’unità e qualitativi come il tipo di materiale utilizzato) e i suoi consumi energetici, in modo da realizzare un semplice strumento per stimare i consumi dell’edificio analizzato e, in base ai risultati ottenuti, suggerire interventi di efficienza energetica per ridurne i consumi. L’implementazione del modello è stata preceduta da un’analisi preliminare del dataset disponibile, contenente una collezione di dati provenienti da attestati di prestazione energetica appartenenti al comune di Bologna, volta a data screening e selezione degli attributi rilevanti per l’analisi.
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Miniutti, Giacomo Francesco. "Analisi energetica dell'ospedale Cervesi di Cattolica." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/14796/.
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La tesi si pone l'obbiettivo di analizzare, dal punto di vista energetico, l'ospedale "Cervesi" di Cattolica.
E' stata fatta una descrizione della struttura, mettendo in evidenza la stratigrafia dei muri di tamponamento esterno e le caratteristiche delle vetrate presenti, ed è stato fatto un censimento degli impianti adibiti al riscaldamento invernale e alla produzione di ACS presenti nella centrale termica.
Dopo la raccolta dei dati è stata ridisegnata in 3D la struttura dell'ospedale su Sketchup e poi importata su Trnsys per operare delle simulazioni sul funzionamento dinamico degli impianti. E' stato proposto l'inserimento di pompe di calore ad assorbimento nella centrale termica per risparmiare gas e ridurre le emissioni di CO2 e, simulatone il funzionamento, è stato calcolato il risparmio di gas metano e, di conseguenza, il risparmio economico. Potendo accedere a tre tipi di incentivi (detrazioni fiscali, conto termico, titoli di efficienza energetica) è stata verificata la convenienza dell'investimento per le pompe di calore sfruttando queste possibilità operando una valutazione sul VAN e PBT.
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Voskaki, Asimina. "Modelling framework for evaluation environmental strategy and water management efficency at airports." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2011. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/6997.
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The growing concern about climate change and environmental protection
represent significant barriers towards growth in the aviation sector. Currently,
airport operators need to consider not only noise control and local air, soil and
water pollution management, but also to control the consumption of nonrenewable
natural resources and to minimise their impact on climate change.
A detailed analysis of current applied practices pointed out that the main issues
that airports need to manage, have to do principally with control of natural
resources consumption, control of noise and management of emissions, water
quality, waste and ecosystems. Although these issues in most of cases have been
identified, airports’ priorities regarding their management were not easily
acknowledged.
The key findings of this research suggest that in the case of environmental
management strategies, different patterns exist; thus, some airports seem to seek
balance mostly between mitigating global and local environmental issues or
resource consumption control and pollution management, while others obviously
take measures aimed at managing one or the other impact. In the case of water
management efficiency, while many airports seem to have applied measures to
sustain water quality, only a few of them have applied sufficient consumption
control measures.
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Marescotti, Paolo. "SLR vs MLR network: finding a trade-off between performance and energy-efficency." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/4367/.
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Nist, Lindsay Michelle. "The instructional effectiveness and efficency of three instructional approaches on student word reading performance." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1148304742.
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Patel, Yusuf. "Converting activities to processes for operational efficency improvement of a South African agricultural equipment manufacturer." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9141.
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Includes bibliographical references.South African agricultural equipment manufacturers face increasing pressures from global competition, in response they have resorted to manufacturing customised machinery in a bid to secure market share. This strategy, while successful, introduces a high degree of product variation and complexity - increasing strain on the manufacturing operation. In response to these strains, manufacturers are placing emphasis on finding new ways to improve manufacturing costs and accelerate product delivery. The objective of this dissertation is to assemble and sequence a practical framework, using commonly available (and established) tools and improvement methodologies, which will allow its user to effectively direct process oriented improvement through analysis and modification of the operations at the activity level. The framework seeks to achieve this by formalising the operating structures already present and subsequently modifying it, in a value driven manner, using lean principles and heuristic methods for the purposes of providing practical, easily integrate-able and affordable solutions aimed at promoting operational excellence while eliminating Lean wastages. Testing conducted showed that regardless of environment lean principles can be successfully adapted to produce significant reductions in lead time and gains in both product flow and overall quality.
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Kubik, Krista M. "Fútbol strategies applied to optimize combinatortial problems to create efficent results – the soccer heuristic." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18963.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Industrial & Manufacturing Systems Engineering
Todd Easton
Heuristics are often implemented to find better solutions to computationally challenging problems. Heuristics use varying techniques to search for quality solutions. Several optimization heuristics have drawn inspiration from real world practices. Ant colony optimization mimics ants in search of food. Genetic algorithms emulate traits being passed from a parent to a child. Simulated annealing imitates annealing metal. This thesis presents a new variable neighborhood search optimization heuristic, fútbol Strategies applied to Optimize Combinatorial problems to Create Efficient Results, which is called the SOCCER heuristic. This heuristic mimics fútbol and the closest player to the ball performs his neighborhood search and players are assigned different neighborhoods. The SOCCER heuristic is the first application of variable neighborhood search heuristic that uses a complex structure to select neighborhoods. The SOCCER heuristic can be applied to a variety of optimization problems. This research implemented the SOCCER heuristic for job shop scheduling problems. This implementation focused on creating a quality schedule for a local limestone company. A small computational study shows that the SOCCER heuristic can quickly solve complex job shop scheduling problems with most instances finishing in under an half an hour. The optimized schedules reduced the average production time by 7.27%. This is roughly a 2 day decrease in the number of days required to produce a month’s worth of orders. Thus, the SOCCER heuristic is a new optimization tool that can aid companies and researchers find better solutions to complex problems.
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Chan, Siu-Yuen. "Efficent user level infrastructure support for adaptive parallel computing on heterogenous networks of workstations." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2000.
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Giuffrida, Antonio. "Essays on the organisation of primary health care services." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313956.
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Kaftan, Eran. "THE CELLULAR METHOD TO DESIGN ENERGY EFFICENT SHADING FORM TO ACCOMMODATE THE DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CLIMATE." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/555387.
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Fernández, Pérez Héctor. "Towards highly efficent ligands for asymmetric hydrogenations: a covalent modular approach and investigations into bio-inspired supramolecular strategies." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9041.
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La preparación de nuevos ligandos quirales P-OP (fosfina-fosfinitos y fosfina-fosfitos), fácilmente preparados con una estrategia sintética en dos etapas desde una aproximación covalente, es descrita en la presente Tesis Doctoral. El mejor catalizador de la serie ha demostrado tener propiedades catalíticas excelentes en la hidrogenación asimétrica catalizada por rodio de una amplia variedad de olefinas funcionalizadas. El resultado excelente y el diseño modular de los ligandos sintetizados hacen éstos muy atractivos para futuras aplicaciones.La presente Tesis Doctoral describe también la preparación de nuevos ligandos quirales que pueden comportarse como catalizadores supramoleculares inspirados en el mecanismo de regulación alostérica de los enzimas.
A library of enantiomerically pure P-OP ligands (phosphine-phoshinites and phosphine-phosphites) straightforwardly available in two synthetic steps from enantiopure Sharpless epoxy ethers is reported in the present PhD. Thesis. The "lead" catalyst of the series has proven to have outstanding catalytic properties in the rhodium-catalysed asymmetric hydrogenation of a wide variety of functionalised alkenes. Their excellent performance and modular design makes them attractive for future applications.
This PhD. Thesis also reports the development of a practical route to chiral diphosphine ligands with supramolecular motifs, with potential for allosteric modulation, which we prepared for future catalytic studies.
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Hansen, Emily. "Implementing Lean healthcare : Things to consider when making the change." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-85146.
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The pressure on the healthcare sector is increasing all over the world. The amount of treatable diseases increases and the time spent with each patient decreases. As a reaction towards the way the healthcare works today, patient-centred healthcare has become increasingly popular. Bringing the patient into the centre also needs changes in the staffs’ way of working. One way of making these changes is by implementing Lean healthcare. This thesis uses a systematic review approach to find out what organisational changes have been made at hospitals where they have implemented Lean healthcare and how the implementations were done. The results showed that the most important thing was to engage the staff at an early point. Those hospitals that had representatives from all the different categories of the staff were the ones who managed to make the modifications with less effort and they also had an easier way of maintaining them. The most obvious similarities in the organisational changes the hospitals had made were that they clearly defined who were supposed to do what and that they changed the work into multi-disciplinary teams. By that the hospitals saved a lot of time both for the staff and for the patients. Lean thinking has similarities theories of cognitive science, like distributed cognition and safety barriers and it could get inspiration from these areas to enhance the implementations. There are few articles concerning the organisational changes that have been made at hospitals when implementing Lean healthcare. However the results of this thesis was that the most important thing when implementing Lean healthcare is to involve everyone at an early stage and the only way to get Lean healthcare to really work is by changing the attitude and making people realise that improvement is a never ending process. The changes that were most common among the hospitals were to clearly define and document who was supposed to do what and to change the structure to multi-disciplinary teams working together.
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Holmgren, Henrik, Colin Platt, and Johan Svennerholm. "Capacity Performance Measures in International Airline Alliances : The case of Star Alliance." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, EMM (Entrepreneurship, Marketing, Management), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1301.
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Background
Strategic alliances have become increasingly popular within the business world, they can be seen as a way to improve the total output of the firm. Over the last 10 years, the industry endured trying times, the most notable being the events of September 11, 2001. That event drastically changed airline traveling all across the world. It also showed the importance of collaborations in order to stay competitive. Star Alliance began in 1997 and has since then grown into
the world’s largest airline alliance with a total market share of 25.1%.
Purpose
The raison d’être of this study is to quantify and analyze the augmentation of load factors over time, in terms of distribution, as they pertain to capacity performance of allied carriers within Star Alliance.
Method
In order to fulfill the purpose, a deductive approach to the research has been taken. Furthermore, due to the nature of the data, a quantitative approach has been used within. Two hypotheses will be stated and several research questions as well.
Result
It can be clearly seen that distribution of load factors has transformed during the years. There is a shift in both the skewness and the kurtosis of the distributions that can be seen when examining the frequency distribution charts. The kurtosis increases and the skew decreases, measures that are positive for the airlines, while the anomalies of 0% and 100% load factor have remained stable throughout the years. A general increase in the average load factors has also been seen.
Conclusion
By analyzing the empirical findings, it is clear that the load factor of the allied members has increased and that the proportion of the denied boardings decreased in relation to the average load factor. This means that the alternative hypothesis was accepted in the first hypothesis and that the second alternative hypothesis was accepted in the second hypothesis. The research also reveals a generally increased mean which together with the changes in the skew and kurtosis lead to an acceptance of the beta distribution. Furthermore, higher load factors were shown to have a strong correlation with the increase in efficiency and decrease in overselling.
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Ståhl, Magnus. "Improving Wood Fuel Pellets for Household Use : Perspectives on Quality, Efficiency and Environment." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för energi-, miljö- och byggteknik, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-2855.
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Bioenergy is one of many contributors to reducing the use of fossil fuels in order to mitigate climate change by decreasing CO2-emissions, and the potential for biofuels are large. The wood fuel pellets are a refined biofuel made of sawdust, which is dried and compressed to achieve improved fuel and transportation properties. In 2007 the amount of wood fuel pellets used for heating purposes in Sweden was 1715000 tons. The aims of this work was: to examine the moisture content and emission of monoterpenes during the drying and pelletising steps of the pellets production (Paper I); to investigate how the recirculation of drying gases affects the energy efficiency of rotary dryers and how the energy efficiency is related to the capacity of the dryer. (Paper II); to analyse the causes of the problems encountered by household end-users of pellets and investigate whether an improved pellet quality standard could reduce these problems (Paper III); to investigate how the energy consumption of the pelletising machine and chosen pellet quality parameters were affected using an increased amount of rapeseed cake in wood fuel pellets (Paper IV); and to identify gaps of knowledge about wood fuel pellet technology and needs for further research on quality, environmental and health aspects throughout the wood fuel pellet chain, from sawdust to heat. (Paper V).
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Forssberg, Per. "Televerkets omvandling till Telia -En studie av privatiseringar och effektivitet-." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-738.
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The meaning of this study was to find out if the restructure of Televerket to Telia AB was effective in an economic point of view. The mayor work in this essay is concentrated to the studies around efficency and privatizations.
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CAMPIGOTTO, FEDERICA. "EFFETTO DEL RIALLENAMENTO DEI MUSCOLI RESPIRATORI SULL’EFFICIENZA DELLA VENTILAZIONE, SULLA TOLLERANZA ALLO SFORZO IN SOGGETTI SANI ED IN SOGGETTI CON BRONCOPNEUMOPATIA CRONICA OSTRUTTIVA (BPCO)." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2389297.
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Beltramin, Matteo <1988>. "Can the use of social media in nonprofit platforms, increase the speed and efficency in the resolution of crises and emergencies than using traditional means?" Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1822.
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ZAMPETTI, LORENZO. "Development of a low-cost system for thermal comfort measurement and control." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/245525.
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Questa tesi di dottorato presenta lo sviluppo e la validazione di alcuni sistemi innovativi ed a basso costo per il monitoraggio ed il controllo di ambienti interni. I sistemi presentati in questo documento trovano le loro origini nel Comfort Eye, un sistema di misura del comfort termoigrometrico già presentato in letteratura. Questo dispositivo è in grado di misurare in maniera innovativa alcune tra le più rilevanti grandezze ambientali, riuscendo ad ottenere dei valori in real-time del comfort per più punti dell’ambiente in esame, secondo la norma ISO 7726. Partendo da questo punto, è stato progettato e testato un nuovo prototipo di Comfort Eye, cercando di migliorare le prestazioni di misura e le funzionalità. Attraverso l’analisi delle prestazioni dei singoli sensori adottati e seguendo le linee guida della GUM (Guide to the expression of Uncertainty in Measurement), si è calcolata un’accuratezza del sistema nella misura del PMV pari a ±0.1. La seconda parte della tesi riguarda un nuovo sistema di controllo del riscaldamento ambienti utilizzando come variabile controllata le misure di comfort provenienti dal Comfort Eye. Questo sistema è stato progettato e validato con dei test in un ambiente reale di tipo ufficio, raggiungendo un risparmio energetico del 20%. La terza ed ultima parte di questo documento mostra un’altra potenziale applicazione del Comfort Eye e cioè un sistema di rilevazione di persone e sorgenti calde per ambienti interni, con avanzate potenzialità di localizzazione. Il sistema è stato sviluppato e testato in un ambiente di tipo ufficio, mostrando un’accuratezza per la detection di persone del 70%.This PhD dissertation summarizes the development and validation of innovative low cost systems for monitoring and controlling indoor environments. The systems explained in this document have their roots in the first version of Comfort Eye, an innovative thermal comfort measurement system, which is already documented in literature. This device can measure several environmental parameters in the room to obtain a real-time comfort assessment in multiple points of the space, according to ISO 7726 standard. Starting at this point, in the first part a new prototype of the monitoring system has been developed and tested highlighting improved features and measurement performances. Through single sensors calibration and uncertainty models from the GUM (Guide to the expression of Uncertainty in Measurement), the rated accuracy of the prototype in PMV measurement is ±0.1. The second part of the thesis is regarding an innovative subzonal HVAC control system, using the comfort data provided by Comfort Eye as controlled variable. That system has been designed and validated through some tests in an office-type environment, achieving an energy saving of 20%. The third and last part of this document finally shows another potential application of the Comfort Eye sensor: a people detection system for indoor ambient, with advanced counting and locating capabilities, has been tested inside office environment. The first attempt of validation shows an accuracy of 70% in detecting people.
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Hamáčková, Martina. "Implementace normy ČSN EN 16001:2010 v provozu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230183.
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This thesis focuses on energy management and implementation of ISO 16001:2010. The first two chapters describe DEZA a.s., its operations and activities. The third chapter explains the requirements of ISO 16001:2010 and in the fourth chapter, the process of implementation of these requirements in operation is described.The last chapter describes the requirements of ISO 50001:2012 and compares them with the requirements of ISO 16001:2010.
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Mounzer, Ralph. "New tone reservation PAPR reduction techniques for multicarrier systems." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAR0029/document.
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La technique Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) a été adoptée par plusieurs systèmes de télécommunications et de diffusion pour sa robustesse, sa capacité à transmettre de hauts débits dans des canaux radiomobiles et pour son efficacité spectrale. Cependant, les signaux OFDM sont caractérisés par des fluctuations importantes, mesurées par le rapport de la puissance crête sur la puissance moyenne (Peak to Average Power Ratio – PAPR) du signal, qui génèrent des distorsions à la sortie de l’amplificateur non-linéaire de puissance (High Power Amplifier - HPA) et ne permettent pas de l’utiliser dans sa zone optimale afin de diminuer sa consommation énergétique. La deuxième génération de la norme Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB-T2) a notamment adopté la technique Tone Reservation (TR) de réduction du PAPR. Son principe consiste à créer un noyau, à partir d’un ensemble de sous-porteuses réservées, qui est ensuite ajouté d’une manière itérative au signal OFDM de façon à réduire les pics du signal et donc son PAPR. Dans la première partie de la thèse, différents algorithmes permettant d’améliorer les performances de cette solution TR DVT-T2 sont proposés. Un premier groupe de solutions, reposant sur la même définition du noyau, comprend : la technique Partial Oversampling and Fractional Shifted Kernels (POFSK) reposant sur un sur-échantillonnage partiel du signal, la technique Dynamic Threshold (DT) qui effectue un calcul dynamique du seuil de troncature et la technique Enhanced Peak Selection (EPS) qui améliore la sélection des pics à réduire. Le deuxième groupe de solutions comprend tout d’abord la technique Individual Carrier Multiple Peaks (ICMP) qui repose sur une nouvelle définition du noyau et utilise un calcul de phase différent permettant la réduction de plusieurs pics en même temps. La technique GICMP est une version optimisée de la technique ICMP qui, en parallélisant les opérations, permet de réduire le délai de traitement et le nombre total d’itérations. Les résultats de simulations et les mesures effectuées sur une plateforme de transmission réelle montrent que, par rapport à la version TR de DVB-T2, l’algorithme GICMP offrait notamment un gain de l’ordre de 2.5 dB en termes de Modulation Error Rate – MER ou permettait une réduction de 10 % de l’énergie consommée par l’amplificateur de puissance à performances identiques. [...]Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has been adopted by many telecommunication and broadcasting systems for its robustness, high transmission rates, mobility and bandwidth efficiency. However, OFDM signals are characterized by high power fluctuations, measured by the Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR), which cause distortions at the output of the non-linear High Power Amplifier (HPA) and prevent the radio frequency designer to feed the signal at the optimal point of the HPA specifications in order to reduce the energy consumption. The second generation of Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB-T2) adopted two PAPR reduction techniques, one of them is Tone Reservation (TR). TR creates a Kernel from a reserved set of subcarriers. The kernel is then iteratively added to the OFDM signal in such a way to reduce its peaks thus reducing its PAPR. In the first part of the thesis, different algorithms offering better performances compared to the DVB-T2 TR solution are proposed. A first group of solutions introduces changes and enhancements to the TR algorithm adopted in DVB-T2 TR but keeps the same kernel definition. This group includes: the Partial Oversampling and Fractional Shifted Kernels (POFSK) technique which is based on a partial oversampling of the signal, the Dynamic Threshold (DT) technique which allows better algorithm convergence by dynamically computing the PAPR reduction threshold for every OFDM symbol, and the Enhanced Peak Selection (EPS) technique which provides additional PAPR reduction by choosing the appropriate signal peaks to reduce and the peaks to skip. The second group of solutions includes the Individual Carrier Multiple Peaks (ICMP) technique which is based on a special kernel definition that changes from one algorithm iteration to another and uses a different phase calculation approach that allows the reduction of multiple peaks at a time. GICMP is an optimized version of ICMP that allows the parallelization of iterations in such a way to reduce the processing delay and the number of algorithm iterations. The simulation results and real hardware platform measurements of the proposed algorithms showed that, compared to the DVB-T2 TR version, the GICMP algorithm allows a Modulation Error Rate – MER gain of up to 2.5 dB or a 10 % reduction in HPA consumed energy with the same performances
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Nestorson, Linus. "Energikartläggning av Gårda 19:12." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-137436.
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År 2014 trädde lagen om energikartläggning i stora företag, även känd som EKL, i kraft och sedan dess har energikartläggningarna tagit god fart. Med lagen om energikartläggning i större företag har drömmen om en utsläppsneutral framtid kommit ett steg närmare relisering. Denna rapport är ett av många steg som krävs för att göra världen till en mer sund och framtidssäker plats att leva på. Energikartläggningar ämnar att skapa en uppfattning om fastigheters energianvändning och dess potential till förbättringar. Denna energikartläggning behandlar Gårda 19:12, en kontorsfastighet i Göteborg där kommunalt ägda förvaltningsbolaget Higab står som förvaltare. Energikartläggningen behandlar energin ämnad åt fastighetsdrift då det är detta som Higab råder över. Verksamhetsdrift behandlas endast kort utan noggrannare analyser då det inte är av beställares intresse. Fokus ligger på stödprocesser som verksamheten i fastigheten inte råder över. Mätningar har genomförts vid upprepade besök och inventeringar i fastigheten och nödvändiga beräkningar har genomförts baserat på insamlad information och standardiserad brukarindata. Simuleringsprogrammet IDA ICE har använts för att simulera nyttan av åtgärdsförslag presenterade i slutet av kartläggningsrapporten. Energikartläggningen av fastighetens energianvändning baseras på faktiska mätningar och systemanalyser baserat på tillhandahållen information av fastighetsförvaltare. Analyserad fastighet är från 1987 och har sedan tidigare ett lågt energibehov och klarar redan idag under en mild vinter kraven för nybyggnation. Energibärare in till fastigheten är fjärrvärme och el. Inkommande energi kommer i rapporten redovisas under användningsområde. Med energikartläggningen har fastighetsdriften kartlagts till att stå för 77,6 % av totalt använd energi uppdelat på belysning, lokalvärme, lokalkyla, ventilation, tappvarmvatten och användning av hissar. Energianvändning uppdelat på dessa användningsområden kommer att presenteras i rapporten samt systemens uppbyggnad och användning inom fastigheten. Fokus i energikartläggningen ligger i att indentifiera och analysera energianvändarna i fastigheten och kommer att mynna ut i ett antal åtgärdsförslag av olika storlek i investering och energibesparing. Beräkningar och mätningar visar att den specifika energianvändningen för fastighetsdrift är 47,5 kWh/m2Atemp. Fastigheten är bra optimerad i många energianvändningsområden. Energikartläggningen gör det tydligt att belysning står för en betydande del av energianvändningen på knappt 19 % av total fastighetsenergi. Av denna anledning riktas tre av åtta åtgärdsförslag åt syftet att sänka byggnadens energianvändning inom belysning. Resterande åtgärdsförlag är inom områdena ventilation, installation av solceller och tappvarmvatten.As a result of the EU energy efficency directive, in 2014 the government decided about the law of energy audit in big companies. Since then, the speed of which companies does energy audits have greatly increased. This is a major step towards an energy neutral society. In 2014, the law on energy audits for large companies came into force and since then, energy audits have taken a good pace. With EKL, the dream of a emission-neutral future has come one step closer to realization. This report is one of many steps required to make the world a more healthy and future-proof place to live in for the current and future generations. The work with energy audits aims to provide an idea of the energy use of real estate and its potential for improvement. This energy audit deals with Gårda 19:12, an office property in Gothenburg, where municipal-owned company Higab stands as property manager. The energy audit deals with the energy intended for maintaining property functions, as this is what Higab can control. It does not cover business operations completely, but is covered briefly without more accurate analyzes as it is not of the client's interest. The focus is on support processes. The IDA ICE simulation program has been used to simulate the benefits of action proposals. The energy mapping of the property's energy use is based on actual measurements and system analyzes, measured or provided by property manager. The property was built in 1987 and has a low energy requirement as it is, and does during mild winters already meet the requirement for new constructions. Energy carriers to the property are district heating and electricity and will be divided into their application area in the report. With this energy audit, energy used for maintaining property functions has been surveyed to account for 77.6% of total energy usage, consumed by lighting, heating, cooling, ventilation, hot water and the use of lifts. The focus of the energy audit lies in identifying and analyzing energy users in the property and will result in several measures of varied sizes in investment and energy saving. Calculations and measurements show that the specific energy use for real estate operations is 47.5 kWh/m2 compared to 58.93 kWh/m2, which was the total energy use in 2016. The property is well optimized in many energy applications. After completion of the survey, lighting accounts for a significant part of energy use of more than 18 % of total property energy. For this reason, three of eight measures are aimed at reducing the building's energy use in lighting. Remaining measures covers ventilation, installation of solar panels (for electricity) and tap water.
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Lehnen, Matheus Vicenzo. "Caracterização fluidodinâmica e térmica de jatos sintéticos." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2012. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/4318.
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Milton Valente
Nos dias atuais, os componentes eletrônicos estão cada vez mais potentes e com mais dispositivos integrados e há a necessidade de uma dissipação térmica mais eficiente. Os atuais ventiladores e dissipadores de calor usando ar como fluido de trabalho estão ficando obsoletos. Por este motivo, torna-se necessário o desenvolvimento de um sistema mais eficiente. Existem três técnicas principais em estudo nesta área: resfriamento líquido, trocadores de calor compostos por microcanais e jatos sintéticos como transmissores de quantidade de movimento ao fluido. Entretanto, a análise em pequena escala encontra limitações experimentais de modo que uma abordagem por Dinamica de Fluidos Computacional (Computational Fluid Dynamics – CFD) é mais recomendável para caracterizar e validar o desempenho dos jatos sintéticos. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é realizar uma análise fluidodinâmica de jatos sintéticos e caracterizar a troca térmica de jatos sintéticos colidindo sobre uma superfície aquecida, através de simulação numérica. A flexibilidade da aproximação numérica também possibilita o estudo da sensibilidade do design a vários parâmetros físicos e geométricos, tais como o número de Reynolds, a frequência do atuador, o número de Prandtl, a distância da placa aquecida ao orifício da cavidade, o formato do orifício do atuador, a profundidade da cavidade e a espessura da placa do orifício. Os resultados caracterizam o efeito dos parâmetros físicos e geométricos de interesse na formação do jato e na dissipação térmica. O conhecimento agregado neste estudo permitiu determinar uma correlação para o número de Nusselt em função da frequência adimensional – o número de Strouhal – do número de Reynolds, do número de Prandtl e da distância adimensional da superfície aquecida ao orifício. Assim, é possível prever o comportamento de tais jatos sobre a superfície aquecida, e assim contribuir para os atuais estudos nesta linha de pesquisa. Os resultados apresentados tem então aplicação em estudos posteriores, de maior complexidade de design com atuadores combinados com trocadores de calor de aletas, coolers e micro canais, resultando em avanços na área de resfriamento de microchips.
Current electronic components are becoming ever more potent and densly integrated, which requires further increases in the efficiency of heat dissipation. With current fan-based heat dissipation techniques with air as the working fluid becoming outdated, there is a pressing need to develop more eficient methods to cope with demand. So far, three techniques have been the primary focus of studies in this area: liquid cooling, microchannel heat exchangers and synthetic jets used to promote increased momentum transfer. Analysis of such devices at the small physical scale of electronic components is somewhat problematic in experimental form so that a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach is recommended. The main objective of this study is thus to utilize a CFD approach to establish the performance characteristics of a synthetic jet impacting against a heated surface. The flexibility of a numerical approach also allows the examination of the sensibility of the design with respect to several physycal and geometric parameters such as Reynolds number, pulsing frequency, jet orifice shape and size, cavity size and distance between the heated surface and the device. Such results, provide insight in the effect of physical and geometric parameters in the jet formation and heat dissipation. The combined knowledge of this study allowed the development of a practical correlation for the Nusselt number based on the Strouhal number (normalized pulsing frequency), Reynolds number, Prandtl number and the distance between the heated surface and the synthetic jet. This result allows improved predictions of a jet impacting against a heated surface and, consequently, adds an important contribution to other studies in this area. It is expected that the results presented here will be the starting point for further work, in which increasingly complex geometries such as actuators combined with heat exchangers equipped with fins, coolers or microchannels are examined to further improve the knowledge in the field of electronic cooling.
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Bartos, Krzysztof Mirosław. "Efficient LED drivers for general illumination applications." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/14575.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrónica e TelecomunicaçõesThe ever growing energy consumption trends and its impact on the environment has triggered worldwide attention. This has motivated several measures, such as the Kyoto protocol, or the 20 20 20 European strategy, aiming at the reduction of energy consumption. Globally, these measures defend a better and efficient usage of the available energy. This in turn is strongly linked to public awareness and the introduction of efficient electronic equipment. Public street lighting is a good example of these trends, where both aspects are of the utmost importance. The introduction of power LEDs as future lighting devices has motivated several advances coping with these strategies. On one side, LEDs are able to deliver higher efficiency when compared to conventional lighting devices. This has triggered the replacement of old style luminaires by LED based ones. However, their high cost has prevented full adoption and at the present stage, is acting as a slowing down force against this replacement trend. Better solutions are under research on the framework of several European projects. Power LEDs are solid-state devices able to support fast switching, a feature which was not fully supported by conventional lighting devices. Combining this feature with environmental sensing and intelligent control may lead to better power savings. A simple approach would be to consider the that the actual lighting demands depend on the street usage and surrounding lighting levels. For this purpose, the combination of twilight sensors, motion detectors and intelligent control schemes may provide a suitable approach. This way, the real lighting demands can be effectively taken into consideration, providing luminaires able to consume the least possible energy. For this to become a reality several challenges have to be addressed. One of the most important challenges is the LED driver design. Modern lighting systems based on LEDs, replace the traditional ballasts by LED drivers. When efficiency is a major concern, such as in public street lighting, these drivers have to be designed in order to be the most robust and efficient as possible. Recurring solutions resort to switched mode power supplies, able to support light dimming. One of the major problems with these drivers is the fact that their efficiency decreases for lower dimming levels. This is of the utmost importance for public street lighting, as most of the time during night, the luminaires are on a low lighting level (as changes to high lighting conditions depend on street usage). Thus, in order to promote better power savings, the efficiency of the driver should be high for both lighting conditions. Commercially available drivers, exhibit efficiencies on the 90% range for the high lighting conditions, with only 40% to 60% under the low lighting. On the framework of this master dissertation it was investigated the problem of LED driver design aiming at the highest possible uniformity of the efficiency curve, under different loading and dimming conditions. The selected approach was based on quasi-resonant flyback converter, backed up by an active power factor correcting block. The designed driver supports remote configuration and monitoring as well as sensor integration. The archived results show that this driver achieves a peak efficiency of 93% under maximum load and 100% duty-cycle. The efficiency for low dimming conditions (10% duty-cycle) achieves 75%.
As tendências de consumo de energia cada vez maior e seu impacto sobre o meio ambiente tem captado a atenção a nível mundial. Isso tem motivado várias medidas, tais como o Protocolo de Quioto, ou a estratégia Europeia 20 20 20, visando a redução do consumo de energia. Globalmente, estas medidas defendem um uso melhor e eficiente da energia disponível. Este, por sua vez, está fortemente ligado à consciência pública e à introdução de equipamento eletrónico eficiente. A iluminação pública é um bom exemplo dessas tendências, em que ambos os aspetos são de extrema importância. A introdução de LEDs como dispositivos de iluminação tem motivado vários avanços que lidam com essas estratégias. De um lado, os LEDs são capazes de oferecer uma maior eficiência quando comparados com dispositivos de iluminação convencionais. Isso provocou a substituição de luminárias convencionais por luminárias baseadas em LED. No entanto, o custo elevado destes dispositivos tem impedido a adoção plena e na fase atual, está mesmo a atuar como uma força negativa contra esta tendência de substituição. Melhores soluções estão sob investigação no âmbito de vários projetos europeus. Os LEDs são dispositivos de estado sólido, capazes de suportar a comutação rápida, uma característica que não é totalmente suportada por dispositivos de iluminação convencionais. Combinando esta característica com sensores ambientais e controlo inteligente pode-se ambicionar melhores poupanças energéticas. Uma abordagem simples seria a de considerar o que as exigências de iluminação reais dependem do uso das ruas e os níveis de iluminação circundantes. Para este efeito, a combinação de sensores de crepúsculo, detetores de movimento e regimes de controlo inteligentes podem propiciar uma abordagem adequada. Desta forma, os requisitos reais de iluminação podem ser efetivamente considerados, fornecendo luminárias capazes de consumir apenas a energia necessária. Para que isto se torne uma realidade vários desafios têm de ser vencidos. Um dos desafios mais importantes é o projeto LED driver. Nos sistemas de iluminação modernos baseados em LEDs, substitui-se os balastros convencionais por LED drivers. Quando a eficiência é importante, como no caso da iluminação pública, O LED driver têm de ser concebido de forma a ser o mais robusto e eficiente possível. Soluções recorrentes usam a fontes de alimentação comutadas, capazes de suportar o escurecimento adaptativo do fluxo luminoso. Um dos problemas principais no projeto destes drivers é o facto de a sua eficiência diminuir para níveis de regulação mais baixos. Isto é de extrema importância para a iluminação pública, pois na maioria dos casos durante a noite, as luminárias estão num nível de iluminação de baixo. Assim, com a finalidade de promover uma melhor economia de energia, a eficiência do driver deve ser elevada para ambas as condições de iluminação. Drivers comercialmente disponíveis, exibem eficácias na gama de 90% com elevado fluxo luminoso, e apenas 40% a 60% na condição de baixo fluxo luminoso. No âmbito desta dissertação de mestrado foi investigado o problema do projeto de driver LED visando a maior uniformidade possível da curva de eficiência, sob diferentes condições de carga e de fluxo luminoso. A abordagem escolhida foi baseada no conversor flyback quasi-ressonante, apoiado por um bloco de correção de fator de potência ativa. O driver projetado suporta configuração e monitorização remota, bem como de integração de sensores. Os resultados alcançados mostram que este driver atinge um pico de eficiência de 93% na condição de carga máxima e máximo fluxo luminoso. A eficiência em condições de baixo fluxo luminoso é superior a 75%.
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Ollman, Erik. "Energikartläggning av Försäkringskassans lokaler : rekommendationer för ett fortsatt energieffektiviseringsarbete." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-208234.
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With new energy directives in place, the Swedish Social Service (SSS) stands before the challenge how to reduce the energy demand in its locales. It is a complex matter, as the locales are rented from various property owners and it becomes a question of how to reduce the operational electricity and influence the property owners to work more with energy efficiency. This thesis takes a balanced research approach in three parts. Firstly a qualitative part in form of interviews with personnel at the SSS and its property owners, secondly a quantitative part of descriptive nature in form of energy statistics and thirdly a literature review of Energy Management (EM) Supply Chain Management(SCM), Green Supply Chain Management(GSCM) and Enviromental Performance Indicators (EPI). This in order to be able to give normative recommendations of how the SSS should act to reduce its energy consumption in its locales and provide new insights on how EM, SCM, GSCM and EPI can be applied in effect. The results show that the Swedish Social Service should act in the following areas to control its energy efficiency: statistics and follow-up, locale strategy and operational electricity. To get efficient statistical material the SSS should update their registers of property owners, update guidelines for energy statistics reporting and continue with the same collection method for data (e-mail survey) to get continuity. The literature review and interviews show that a segmentation of suppliers (property owners) based on factors like area in property, good relations, area of local and energy performance indicators should be useful as to know how to distribute resources to enable energy efficiency. Finally, the study shows that various locales has high rates of idling loads and have a energy saving potential of 10-15%.
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Andreas, Andmarsjö, and Porsblad Oscar. "Engergieffektivt Bostadsområde : Förstudie Till Aktivhusområde i Halmstad." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-16107.
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In the thesis we have shown that it is possible with current technology, to buildneighborhoods that are largely self-sufficient. We have obtained some information aboutongoing work in the field of energy efficient buildings and active house which we have usedto develop a model. The feasibility study for Ranagård we have e.g been forced tofollow laws on groundwater covered, resulting in the construction of basements for singlefamilyhome is not possible. The model that we have built up overtime has been the central part of the work. The model illustrates very well what an activehouse neighborhood means and potential of such an area. Important to note here is the resultwe finally arrived at only can be applied for Ranagård in Halmstad municipality as theconditions vary so much at the local/municipal level.
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Aznar, Thibaut. "La protection pénale du consentement donné par le consommateur." Thesis, Perpignan, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PERP0038/document.
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La protection pénale du consommateur est un enjeu essentiel, à plus forte raison, à la suite des dernières réformes législatives intervenues en la matière. La protection du consentement du consommateur représente l'essence même de l'intervention du droit pénal dans la sphère consumériste. La question fondamentale qu'il convient de se poser est donc celle de savoir si ce droit pénal sanctionne les comportements délictueux dont peut faire preuve le professionnel de manière accessoire au droit civil ou bien, plus intéressant, s'il revêt une autonomie dans la protection du consentement du consommateur, sans être un simple droit sanctionnant et dissuasifThe consumer’s penal protection is an essential stake, even more so following the last legislative reforms that occurred in the matter. The consumer’s consent’s protection represents the very essence of criminal law’s intervention in the consumerist sphere. The fundamental question that must be asked is whether criminal law punishes the criminal behaviour that a professional might show as an additional legislation which is dependent on civil law or, more interestingly, if criminal law is in fact autonomous in the consumer’s consent’s protection without being nothing more than a repressive and dissuasive legislation
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PANETTA, Ida Claudia. "La corporate Governance nelle Banche di Credito Cooperativo: aspetti teorici ed evidenze empiriche." Doctoral thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/388516.
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Correia, Manuel Luís Magalhães Duarte. "Efficent Verified MPC." Master's thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/138022.
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Liu, Jia-Chun, and 劉嘉淳. "Implementation and Efficency Improvement for Push-Pull Converters." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72031086306964806490.
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碩士國立中正大學
電機工程研究所
92
In this thesis, the operation principle of the hard-switching push-pull converter is described, firstly. Then, the design considerations for a 1kW push-pull converter is illustrated.The theoretical analysis is experimentally verified by the implemented prototype. The characteristic of the active-clamped push-pull converter is also presented in this thesis.A pair of auxiliary switches, resonant inductors, and clamped capacitors are added in the primary-side of the transformer.In the active-clamped push-pull converter, the switching noise and loss can be reduced and the circuit efficiency can be improved. Finally, a battery supplied active-clamped push-pull converter with batter performance implemented.Experimental results shows that the efficiency improvement can be achieved.
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Lee, Ya-wen, and 李雅文. "Efficent Key Distribution Schemes for Digital Mobile Communications." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74646396838061718035.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
資訊管理系
88
Wireless communication increasingly establishes a convenient environment for mobile people to interact, as mobile devices are rapidly spreading and the telecommunication industry is gradually privatized. Since the third generation of mobile systems will enhance the communication speed, better and faster services could be expected. Wireless communications broadcast through public channels so that all can retrieve the data in an airwave form. However, it is desired that only legal users can access the data, which requires authenticating legal users. That is, only authenticated users can be granted the privileges of system resources and services. Current literature has proposed conference key distribution schemes for wireless communications. Although these previous works enable a group of people to set up an electronic conference, however, some opinions could be suppressed with the identities of participants disclosed. Therefore, this thesis aims at conference key distribution schemes that maintain the secrecy of interactions as well as the anonymity of participants. In addition to the two essential requirements, the thesis attempts to achieve feasibility and efficiency. To sum up, the proposed schemes in this thesis are characterized as follows: (1)They can integrate with current wireless systems. (2)Both mobile stations and servers expend little computational cost. (3)Identities of all the participants are hidden from each other in a session/conference. (4)In key distribution, mobile stations are verified with their shared session/conference keys.
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Bruinsma, Rica. "Efficent formation of thrombospondin-1 and thrombospondin-2 hetrotrimers." 2004. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/56616108.html.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2004.Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 36-44).
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Wang, Wen-Yung, and 王文勇. "Simulation Study of Capacity and Energy Efficency in Network-coding Communications." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qb39vp.
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碩士國立暨南國際大學
電機工程學系
105
It is can investigate what how to change information faster in information popular. The technology Network-coding can send same message but cost time is lower. However, the technology must have the condition that buffer have message send in both sides. When message will be send in one side, we wait some time to Network-coding. However, if waiting time is too long, it is waste time and power. We can obtain benefit that selecting to wait some time in capacity and energy efficiency analysis results.
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Li, Zong-Cheng, and 李宗晟. "A High Efficent Memetic Algorithm for theDesign of Vector Quantization." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43582554180045392075.
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碩士清雲科技大學
電子工程所
99
A novel memetic algorithm (MA) for the design of vector quantizers (VQs) is presented in this paper. The algorithm uses steady-state genetic algorithm (SSGA) for the global search and C-Means algorithm for the local improvement. As compared with the usual MA using the generational GA for global search, the proposed MA effectively reduces the computational time for VQ training. In addition, it attains near global optimal solution, and its performance is insensitive to the selection of initial codewords. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm has significantly lower CPU time over other MA counterparts running on the same genetic population size for VQ design.
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Tsai, An-Li, and 蔡安俐. "THE EFFICENCY EVALUATION OF TOURISM INDUSTRY IN TAIWAN – AN APPLICATION 0F DEA." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/hrd5sz.
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碩士大同大學
事業經營學系(所)
106
This paper analyzes the efficiency of seven tourists which are listed companies in Taiwan during 2013 to 2017. The results find that although the net operating revenue of Liontravel during 2013 - 2016 is higher than others, its total efficiency is not the best in our decision making units. In 2017, the total effeciency of the Liontravel obtain the highest efficiency level. The total efficiency of Ezfly is inefficient because its size is increasing return to scale. This paper suggests that it should decrease its company scale to increase efficiency. In addition, this study applies Malmquist index to analyze the operating efficiency of the seven tourists during 2013-2017. The results show that the total productivity levels of most tourists are improved, but Startravel and Ezfly are declined. The Startravel, whether in production, management strategies, technology, should be adjusted to increase the operating efficiency. The scale level and efficiency change level of Ezfly are not the optimal value. Ezfly could adjust from these two aspects to increase its operating efficiency.
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JHU, HENG-WEI, and 朱恆緯. "Comparative Study on Retaining Construction Efficency Between Conventional and Air-Driven Technique." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nhn893.
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碩士朝陽科技大學
營建工程系
107
Excavation of gravel layer retaining soil column Because of the high geological hardness of central gravel, mechanical drilling has not been effective, and the Jinmen geology is mostly granite rock formation. The construction plant is actively looking for new construction methods to solve the construction dilemma. This study will analyze the efficiency of pneumatic drilling construction method with traditional excavation method and traditional machine tool method and manual excavation. The analysis content uses artificial retaining column and artificial well artificial excavation, rock layer blasting method and pneumatic drilling construction method. The cost and safety, construction rate, and noise measurement are analyzed, and the rate and integrity of the pre-dwelling pile method are compared. This paper introduces the pneumatic drilling and excavation construction method to overcome the special underground gravel layer geology and Jinmen rock geology in some areas of Taiwan, and the special construction method of underground excavation of dredging and retaining pile foundation construction, which needs to be artificially deep underground, developed with rapid construction. Safety, energy saving work methods.
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Hwang, Jurcy, and 黃焯熙. "Implementation of Redundant CORDIC Processor with Efficent Variable Scale Factor Compensation." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56840721823982786273.
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碩士國立交通大學
電子研究所
83
CORDIC演算法為許多基本數學運算提供了快速的計算方式。在本篇論 中 ，我們提出了以on-line 的方式與座標及角度運算同步計算比例因數 scaling factor ）分解的 Radix-2 Redundant CORDIC 架構以解決此顐 狾]數數必須保持為常數的困擾。比例因數的分解乃藉由計算指數函數漱 隤k求得的，將比例因數分解成Σln(l+s*2^(-i))(radix-2）並以檢查怜 玫X位元來簡單估計 s，如此我們可以簡單快速且小面積的電路計算之A方 向參數的計計亦同。在比例因數補償方面我們提出三種方法：①在所釭漕 井蚺峸y標算算結束之後再做移位和加法的運算；②每個遞迴運算結纁犮 艅韐N做移位和加法的運算；③將比例因數 on-line計算出來並且在井蚺 峸y標運算結束後以乘法器完成計算。另外由於比例因數可以是變數A我們 將此 Radix-2 Redundant CORDIC 演算法推展至 Radix-4 以減少摯j運 算的次數及加速 CORDIC 的運算和減低成本。最後我們以新的演算k為基 礎使用 CCL standard cell與CADENCE's tool設計了radix-2 的旋鉏狾★ q路，並送至 CIC 製成晶片，此晶片速度33MHz，約有9000個邏輯h，面積 約為5120μmx 4740μm。 In this work, an efficient variable scale factor compensation for the redundant CORDIC is discussed. The compensation scheme transforms the complicated variable scale factor problem introduced in using redundant CORDIC into a sequence of simple shift-and-add operations. The resulted CORDIC enjoys both fast speed in rotation iteration as well as high speed and low overhead scale factor compensation which is difficult for existing redundant CORDICs. With the on-line variable scale factor decomposition, we discuss three scale factor compensation schemes which are tailored for better cost/ performance consideration for different hardware realization strategies. We also extend the radix-2 redundant CORDIC and variable scale factor compensation algorithms to a radix-4 version for better speed and area performance consideration. Finally the algorithm is VLSI implemented as a rotation-mode CORDIC processor by using CCL standard cells and CADENCE's tools. The CORDIC chip layout has been sent to CIC for chip realization. The chip has a 33MHz clock rate, 9000 gates, and a area of 5142um x 4123um.
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ZHOU, YI-MIN, and 周益民. "An efficent formulation for the kinetic analysis of open-chain linkages." Thesis, 1991. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71717969073115465075.
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Wu, Hsin-Yun, and 吳欣芸. "CURRENCY BASKET HEDGE — THE COMPARISON BETWEEN EFFICENT FRONTIER AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40459188698317435140.
Full textAbstract:
碩士元智大學
管理研究所
96
Life insurance companies in Taiwan enjoy better returns for their investment abroad. These investment in foreign currency are therefore subject to exchange risk and substantial FX volatility when insurances move their massive currency position from one to another, thus it is required by the Central Bank that these overseas positions are 100% FX-hedged. Another main cause for fluctuating returns is the swinging hedging cost by which total return for foreign investment in late 2006 was effectively overtaken by domestic one. Currency Basket Hedge was then developed for FX-risk-aversion and the pursuit of lower hedging cost. Based on the model of Constant Tracking Error, this research aims to identify, by using two models constructed, the optimal weighting of each composite in a currency basket. Results from respective models are then compared for effectiveness in hedging and cost level. The data sources include historical daily closing price and forward closing price within a given time frame (by using the Back-Propagation Network to forecast). The former assumes the historical price movement is identical to the one for the future, whereas the latter assumes what is forecast by the Back-Propagation Network is the same vis-à-vis the future price movement. Also, this research uses NNTool within the Matlab Package, as it is more suitable for users who are not familiar with computer programming, which will also enable the concepts of Back-Propagation Network to better comprehended. This research shows that both models serve the objectives reasonably well, yet they have different advantages in the two objectives and portfolio managers can choose accordingly for the set-up of currency basket hedging.
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Haung, Yen-Chin, and 黃彥欽. "Thermal Design and Model Analysis of the Swiss-roll Recuperator for High Efficency Microturbines." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06334903746263031724.
Full textAbstract:
碩士長庚大學
機械工程研究所
95
For the advanced micro-power systems based on the use of microturbine, the major considerations are the compact size as well as the higher efficiency for the purpose of energy-saving. An exhaust heat recovery recuperated system then becomes mandatory in order to achieve higher efficiency. The paramount requirements for recuperator are high effectiveness and low pressure loss. The thermal designs are studied intensively with a Swiss-roll type heat exchanger that has the characteristics of high effectiveness, low pressure loss, compact size and adaptability to simple production method. In this thesis, the study is aimed at the thermal design and the model computations of the proposed Swiss-roll reucperator for future higher efficiency microturbines. The Swiss-roll recuperator is basically the primary-surface type. It is composed of two flat plates that are wrapped around each other, creating two concentric channels of highly rectangular cross-section. Theoretically, it has the advantages of high effectiveness and low pressure loss. Here, the thermal design methods including rating and sizing are made for the Swiss-roll recuperator. The thermal characteristics are then analyzed, describing the effects of number of turns and channel size on the effectiveness and pressure loss . The roles of the mass flow rate, the specific heat of the flow, and the number of transfer unit are also investigated. Finally, the results from model computations are used to support the detailed design, and to understand the physics for the fluid and thermal science of the system. The theoretical studies and model analysis for the Swiss-roll recuperator are helpful for the improvement of the recuperators and microturbins.
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Chun-Tang, Liu, and 劉均堂. "The Operating Efficency of Life Insurance Industryin Taiwan: An Application of Data EnvelopmentAnalysis and Malmquist." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89776803490759517097.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
金融資訊研究所
97
ABSTRACT Purpose of this paper to explore changes in the financial environment for the establishment of a set of expectations under the operational efficiency of an objective evaluation framework. In this paper, data envelopment analysis, selected from 2003 to 2007 life insurance companies, to analyze whether the differences in operating efficiency. Selected input variables for the number of employees, operating expenses and business management costs, output variables for financial income, the first year of individual life insurance premium income, the annual renewal of individual life insurance and other insurance premium income, premium income of the merger. The use of Data Envelopment Analysis in the CCR model and BCC model to analyze the life insurance companies to changes in operating efficiency and for the relative inefficiency of the Life Insurance Company, the improvement of input-output space; In addition, the re-use of Malmquist productivity index to analyze the life insurance companies-year changes in productivity, operating efficiency value is different. The results showed that the Taiwan Life Insurance, Prudential Life Insurance, Nan Shan Life Insurance, the National Chinese Shou, Shin Kong Life Insurance, Sinon Life, happiness Life, Prudential Life Insurance, Aetna Life Insurance, Manulife Life Insurance, are in a state of diminishing returns to scale ; however, the Bank of Taiwan Life Insurance, Cathay Life Insurance, China Life Insurance, Fubon Life Insurance, Smith Barney Mercuries Life, Far Glory Life Insurance, Hongtai Life, Allianz Life Insurance, Chunghwa Post, the global Life, New York Life, Metropolitan Life. Is a state of increasing returns to scale. Increasing returns to scale and show the company can increase inputs to increase, showing decreasing returns to scale of the company should reduce the size of inputs. In this paper, analysis Malmquist productivity index of the efficiency of inter-period changes in the overall life insurance industry in the study period, technical efficiency change, technology changes in a recession. Is worth noting that the 2003-2007 recession years, technological change, and this change from the external environment changes, due to insurance rates may become increasingly saturated, high interest rates is scheduled to stop selling goods and 14 children under the age of the insured amount shall not be insured for more than two million restricted Therefore, the technical co-operation between industry development or product innovation, or even should be urged to amend laws and regulations, and jointly create a favorable business environment for life insurance, life insurance industry in order to enhance the production of the border, or the overall market downturn, competition will become more intense. Relative technical efficiency of the life insurance industry changes and technology changes in a recession.
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Chen, Chao-Ching, and 陳朝清. "Studies on the fishing efficency of the shrimp beam trawler in the coastal waters off southwestern Taiwan." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09842086968739706083.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立海洋大學
漁業科學學系
90
The impact of bottom trawlers on demersal environment has been awarded worldwide. The shrimp beam trawlers in southwestern Taiwan have used electric stimulate to increase the catch for more than 40 years. However, its impacts on these waters have never been evaluated. The objectives of this study are to estimate the catch composition and fishing efficiency and its impact on marine environment. Also it tries to find out the optimal electric power of stimulation and optimal mesh size of cod end. The results derived in this study can be used as a reference for sustainable utilization and fishery management of this fishery. The results are as follows: 1. Spatial and temporal variation of catch composition There are 142, 105, and 118 species identified from the catches of shrimp beam trawlers in the three major fishing bases namely, Chiayi, Hsingta, and Tongkang, respectively. Only 10 species can be found year round in all three areas. Catch was categorized as landing and discard. Landed shrimps are the major catch no matter in weight or number in the first areas, while bycatch is major catch in Tongkang. Location was found to be the key factor determining the catch composition and structure based on diversity index and cluster analysis. 2. Comparison of fishing efficiency of gears with and without electric stimulate Comparing the fishing efficiency of gears with and without electric stimulate and, day and night, it is found that the fishing efficiency with electric stimulate is the best for catch landed shrimps in the day time with a 4.75 stimulate efficiency. 3. The impact of electric stimulate on demersal animals Shrimp size is increasing with increasing electric power of stimulate and no lethal dead was found with normal trawling speed and electric stimulate. The goal of stimulating shrimps can also be achieved by reducing the electric power of 50%. No significant improvement of survival rate of hatching was found for Metapenaeus ensis with electric stimulate. Based on the laboratory experiment, the residuals of Copper Chloride and Cuprous Chloride resulted from electric stimulate have no significant effect on the survival of fishes and shrimps. 4. Survival rate of discards and mesh selectivity The mean survival rates of discarded shrimp, crab, cephalopods, and fish are estimated to be 56.3%, 62%, 34.8%, and 8.4%, respectively. The landings and discards of dominant shrimp species decrease as the mesh size increases. For example, the landing decreased 6%, 21%, and 47%, and discards decreased 28%, 55%, and 69% for the most common species, Parapenaeopsis cornuta as the mesh size increased from 23.5 mm to 28, 32.5, and 37 mm, respectively. An optimal mesh size was suggested to be 28～32.5 mm based on the consideration of fisherman’s income and discards reduction.
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Lin, Shih-Tsung, and 林世聰. "A Research on the Relationship between Government-authorized Private Automobile Inspection Efficency and Customer Satisfaction in Taiwan." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9pe3f4.
Full textAbstract:
碩士亞洲大學
財務金融學系碩士在職專班
105
This research focuses on the relationship between government-authorized automobile inspection services and customer satisfaction. The samples and data are gathered from adult automobile users, automobile inspectors, and private automobile inspection organizations. Out of the 600 copies of surveys distributed. 520 copies were collected, which is equivalent to 87% of returning rate. There were 438 copies of effective survey after careful screening of incomplete and insufficient surveys. The data was run and analyzed with SPSS software. The results of the research are as follows. 1.To improve quality of services and to save time, automobile inspection can be done at authorized private local organizations and garages. 2.People have high expectations regarding efficiency and effectiveness of authorized automobile inspection, especially the social responsibility. 3.Authorized automobile inspection is highly satisfied, especially its services and staff attitude. 4.Distance is the major concern of customers other than time, inspection-related services, and social responsibility. 5.The efficiency and effectiveness of automobile inspection goes together with customer satisfaction. 6.The factors of time, distance, inspection-related services, and social responsibility will affect customer satisfaction.
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Mau, Sheng-Jie, and 毛盛杰. "The Impact of Basel II on the Efficency of Taiwan's Banking Industry – An Example of Three Great Risks." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38114602533422883314.
Full textAbstract:
碩士東吳大學
經濟學系
94
The global financial risks have been significant increased recently due to close relationships among complicated international economic transactions. Basel II is a newly-set global financial monitoring institution which is designed to reduce the possibility of international financial corruptions. This study explores the impact of three great risks embodied in the Basel II on the efficiency of Taiwan’s banking industry. Based on 6 years data of 28 banks in Taiwan, this thesis uses Stochastic Frontier Cost Function to estimate the cost function of Taiwan’s banking industry as well as to analyze the impact of three great risks – credit risks, operational risks, and market risks on efficiency. According to Battese and Coelli (1995), we simultaneously set Translog cost function model and inefficiency model to test the impact of three great risks on the technical efficiency of sample banks. I find that the three risks cause different influence on banks’ efficiency. Credit risk decreases banks’ efficiency, while market risk makes a significantly positive effect. However, the operation risk does not cause any significant influence. In sum, the empirical result of this thesis shows that different risk has different effect on Taiwan’s banking industry. Thus I suggest that Taiwan’s government should execute Basel II as soon as possible. Moreover, in order to make more profit efficiently, Taiwan’s banks should focus on the business of investment instead of loan.
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Chen, Chin-Yu, and 陳瑾瑜. "The Influence of Organization Culture, Leadership and Trust on Communication Efficency and Morale —An Example of an Electric Company." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31242331386199208571.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
企業管理學系碩士在職專班
97
Apart from a unified belief amongst organization members, the leader of an organization plays a key role in establishing organizational culture as well as maintaining its stability. The leader is responsible for clearly announcing the organization’s vision and missions, for the purpose of giving an impetus to innovation, strengthening the organization’s capability, and eventually creating highly active working environment. Effective leadership rises from the employee’s working abilities to archive both personal and organizational goals. In practical terms, good communication has a substantial effect between the leader and team crews. If leaders can remove internal communication block between employees, employees at each level would know what the organizational missions are, understand the importance of the roles they are playing, and meet the concepts in this organization. Through more communication, the block will disappear. Hence, if the leader and the employees can build their relationship on maturity of trust, organization operations and communication will improve effectively. This research emphasizes the influence of organization culture, leadership behavior and trust on communication efficiency and morale. A total of 297 valid samples (employees) were collected. Using factor analysis and cluster analysis, the main results are showed as follows: 1. Different organizational culture, leadership style and trust display significant differences in communication efficiency. 2. Different organizational culture, leadership style and trust display significant differences in morale. 3. Employees with different demographic variables display a difference in the organization culture, leadership style, trust style, communication efficiency and morale. The meanings for management are 1. To build high-quality organizational culture and to strengthen trust will allow for better communication and morale consolidates. 2. Managerial leadership behavior can improve communication efficiency as well as consolidate morale.
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BONGARDT, Annette. "Coordination between customers and suppliers in intermediate goods markets and associated patterns of R and D collaboration : market power and efficency." Doctoral thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4872.
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Defence date: 17 December 1990Examining board: Prof. Alexis Jacquemin, Université Catholique de Louvain and Commission of the European Communities, Brussels ; Prof. Daniel Jones, Cardiff Business School ; Prof. Neil Kay, University of Strathclyde ; Prof. Stephen Martin, thesis supervisor, European University Institute, Flroence ; Prof. Joachim Schwalbach, Freie Univeristät Berlin
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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Ehrler, Matthew. "VConstruct: a computationally efficient method for reconstructing satellite derived Chlorophyll-a data." Thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/13346.
Full textAbstract:
The annual phytoplankton bloom is an important marine event. Its annual variability can be easily recognized by ocean-color satellite sensors through the increase in surface Chlorophyll-a concentration, a key indicator to quantitatively characterize all phytoplankton groups.
However, a common problem is that the satellites used to gather the data are obstructed by clouds and other artifacts. This means that time series data from satellites can suffer from spatial data loss.
There are a number of algorithms that are able to reconstruct the missing parts of these images to varying degrees of accuracy, with Data INterpolating Empirical Orthogonal Functions (DINEOF) being the most popular. However, DINEOF has a high computational cost, taking both significant time and memory to generate reconstructions.
We propose a machine learning approach to reconstruction of Chlorophyll-a data using a Variational Autoencoder (VAE). Our method is 3-5x times faster (50-200x if the method has already been run once in the area). Our method uses less memory and increasing the size of the data being reconstructed causes computational cost to grow at a significantly better rate than DINEOF. We show that our method's accuracy is within a margin of error but slightly less accurate than DINEOF, as found by our own experiments and similar experiments from other studies. Lastly, we discuss other potential benefits of our method that could be investigated in future work, including generating data under certain conditions or anomaly detection.Graduate
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Marques, Ana Beatriz Esquina. "Ritmo Circadiano em contexto de Eficácia e Segurança de Medicamentos." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/88335.
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Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas apresentado à Faculdade de FarmáciaQuase todos os organismos exibem ritmos circadianos nos seus processos biológicos. O relógio central, núcleo supraquiasmático (SCN), recebe estímulos fóticos e integra a informação, gerando sinais para os relógios periféricos presentes em todo o organismo. No entanto, estes relógios periféricos também estão sujeitos a outros estímulos, possuindo a capacidade de oscilar autonomamente. A nível celular, o ritmo circadiano é regulado por mecanismos de transcrição e tradução de genes relógios que interagem entre si, bem como outros genes, regulando os processos fisiológicos celulares.O conhecimento dos mecanismos celulares que são regulados pelos ritmos biológicos são relevantes para a área da farmacologia, nomeadamente na identificação da variação circadiana da farmacocinética (absorção, distribuição, metabolismo e excreção) e farmacodinâmica de fármacos. Assim surge o conceito de cronofarmacoterapia, que visa a administração de medicamentos em coordenação com os ritmos circadianos do organismo, de forma a maximizar a sua eficácia e minimizar os seus efeitos adversos. Esta tem especial relevância em patologias cuja sintomatologia apresenta variações previsíveis ao longo do dia, como por exemplo em doenças cardiovasculares, artrite reumatoide ou asma. A presente monografia tem como objetivo fazer uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as bases fisiológicas, celulares e moleculares do ritmo circadiano e como estas influenciam a farmacologia (farmacocinética e farmacodinâmica) e a eficácia e segurança de fármacos.
Almost every organism has circadian rhythms in its biological processes. The central clock, suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), receives the photic stimuli and integrates information, generating signs to all peripheral clocks throughout the organism. However, these peripheral clocks are also subject to other stimuli, being able to oscillate autonomously. At a cellular level, the circadian rhythm is regulated by mechanisms of transcription and translation of clock genes which interact amongst themselves, as well as with other genes, therefore regulating the cellular physiological processes. The knowledge of the cellular mechanisms which are regulated by the biological rhythms is relevant to the farmacology field, namely in identifying the circadian variation of pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) and pharmacodynamic in drugs. Hence, the concept of chronopharmacotherapy emerges, with the aim of administering drugs in coordination with the organism circadian rhythms, therefore maximising their efficacy and minimising their side effects. The previous has special relevance in the pathologies whose symptomatology presents predictable variations throughout the day, as for instance the cardiovascular diseases, rheumatoid arthritis or asthma.This monograph aims to present a bibliographic review on the physiological, cellular and molecular basis of the circadian rhythm and how these influence pharmacology (pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic) and the efficacy and safety of drugs.
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Tsai, Tseng-Chi, and 蔡增祺. "The Analysis on Efficeny of the State-owned Enterprises in Mainland China--The Evaluation of Prime Minister Zhu Rongji`s Three-year Reconstruction." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36491906364287334597.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立東華大學
大陸研究所
90
ABSTRACT: This study analyzes the efficiency change of the state-owned enterprises in Mainland China. Our sample is a panel data set that includes the data of state-owned enterprises, collective-owned enterprises, and other enterprises over the period of 1990 to 2000. To evaluate the efficiency change quantitatively, we adopt the method of Data Envelope Analysis (DEA) to calculate four indices: technical efficiency (or distance as defined in DEA), total factor productivity change, technological change, and technical efficiency change. In 1998, Mr. Zhu Rongi was selected as Prime Minister. He then declared and anticipated the success of a three-year reform of the state-owned enterprises. In particular, we calculate efficiency change before and after the year of 1998 in order to evaluate his declaration. When either gross industrial output or value added of industry is adopted as a measure of output, our data analysis shows that state-owned enterprises have made a significant progress during the re-construction period of 1998-2000. Then we adopt multiple regression models and analyze the factors that explain the overtime differences on technical efficiency and efficiency change of these three types of enterprises. Our conclusion is that technical efficiency of state-owned enterprise is lower than those of the other two types. However, the efficiency of state-owned enterprise is significantly improved after three-year reform since 1998.