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Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 March 2023

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1

Blanc, C. W. Le, and M. W. Blades. "Spatial and Temporal Profiles of Indium in a Furnace Atomization Plasma Excitation Spectrometry Source." Applied Spectroscopy 51, no. 11 (November 1997): 1715–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702971939415.

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Spatially resolved emission and absorption intensities from the indium 303.94-nm resonance line were measured in a furnace atomization plasma excitation spectrometry (FAPES) source. These measurements show that the spatial structure observed in the analyte emission is due to two effects. The first is the spatial distribution of analyte atoms in the source. The absorption measurements show that this spatial distribution is fairly uniform. There is a slight gradient, with analyte concentrations increasing from the cuvette wall to the center electrode. The fine structure in the emission intensity profiles must therefore be caused by the dependence of the degree of analyte excitation on position within the cuvette. This structure suggests that the FAPES source operates as an atmospheric-pressure radio-frequency glow discharge. Negative glows are seen adjacent to the graphite cuvette wall and center electrode.
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2

Pan, Kang, and James S. Wallace. "Numerical studies of the ignition characteristics of a high-pressure gas jet in compression ignition engines with glow plug ignition assist: Part 2-Effects of multi-opening glow plug shields." International Journal of Engine Research 19, no. 9 (October 26, 2017): 977–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087417736997.

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The results of a previous study, part 1, showed that use of a shield can improve the thermal performance of a glow plug, and thereby reduce ignition time. However, the part 1 study also found that use of a simple shield with only one circular opening can delay flame propagation out of the shield. The conclusions of that study suggested that there is scope for further improvements of the shield design, especially the shield opening geometry. Accordingly, this article presents the results of computational studies investigating the influence of multi-opening shield designs on natural gas ignition characteristics in glow plug–assisted compression–ignition engines. Two types of multi-opening glow plug shield, consisting of four small circular openings distributed in either diamond-pattern or square-pattern arrangements, were employed. The simulated results demonstrated that both multi-opening shields can not only increase glow plug surface temperature, but also increase the residence time of fuel mixture adjacent to the glow plug surface in the early injection stage, resulting in a faster ignition than the single-opening shield. Furthermore, the diamond-pattern multi-opening glow plug shield provides a faster or comparable flame propagation path back to combustion chamber, compared to single-opening glow plug shield, while the square-pattern multi-opening glow plug shield delays the flame propagation under several specific engine conditions. Compared to the single-opening glow plug shield, the overall natural gas ignition delays are further reduced by 6%–44% when using the diamond-pattern multi-opening glow plug shield, while the square-pattern multi-opening glow plug shield is only able to reduce the natural gas ignition delay under a few specific conditions.
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3

Jung Lee, Hee. "Impact of the anti-consumption lifestyle on brand attitudes via green advertising: The moderating effect of message types." Innovative Marketing 17, no. 2 (May 13, 2021): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.17(2).2021.06.

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The purpose of this study is to examine how anti-consumption lifestyles affect the brand attitude through the benefits (utilitarian environmental and warm glow) of green advertising. It has been confirmed that the message types used in the advertising can influence the evaluation of brand attitudes, depending on whether the focus is on promotion or prevention. Respondents were gathered from 265 South Korean consumers. The survey data were regressed and the research hypothesis was verified using the Process Model. As a result, the anti-consumption lifestyle positively affects the brand attitude of green advertising through warm glow (βindirect = .073) and utilitarian environmental benefit (βindirect = .217). These results revealed that the anti-consumption lifestyle can influence brand attitude through warm glow and utilitarian environmental benefit. In particular, when the moderating effect of message types is verified, the warm glow can have a more positive effect on brand attitudes through a promotion-focused message (β = .1559, p = .05), and the utilitarian environmental benefit can have a more positive effect on brand attitudes through a prevention-focused message (β = –.226, p = .024). In conclusion, this study can provide insight into the lifestyle of target customers of eco-friendly advertisements and message types used in advertisements. AcknowledgmentThis work was supported by the Kyonggi University Research Grant 2019.
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4

POPEL, SERGEY I., and LEV M. ZELENYI. "Future lunar missions and investigation of dusty plasma processes on the Moon." Journal of Plasma Physics 79, no. 4 (February 27, 2013): 405–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377813000214.

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AbstractFrom the Apollo era of exploration, it was discovered that sunlight was scattered at the terminators giving rise to “horizon glow” and “streamers” above the lunar surface. Subsequent investigations have shown that the sunlight was most likely scattered by electrostatically charged dust grains originating from the surface. A renaissance is being observed currently in investigations of the Moon. The Luna-Glob and Luna-Resource missions (the latter jointly with India) are being prepared in Russia. Some of these missions will include investigations of lunar dust. Here we discuss the future experimental investigations of lunar dust within the missions of Luna-Glob and Luna-Resource. We consider the dusty plasma system over the lunar surface and determine the maximum height of dust rise. We describe mechanisms of formation of the dusty plasma system over the Moon and its main properties, determine distributions of electrons and dust over the lunar surface, and show a possibility of rising dust particles over the surface of the illuminated part of the Moon in the entire range of lunar latitudes. Finally, we discuss the effect of condensation of micrometeoriod substance during the expansion of the impact plume and show that this effect is important from the viewpoint of explanation of dust particle rise to high altitudes in addition to the dusty plasma effects.
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5

Hoffmann, Volker, Michael Hecker, and René Hübner. "Focussing and defocussing effects at radio frequency glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy analyses of thin films with partly nonconductive components." International Journal of Materials Research 96, no. 9 (January 1, 2005): 983–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2005-0171.

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Abstract The application of radio frequency glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy for the investigation of the stability of different diffusion barriers for microelectronic applications against thermal diffusion of Cu is presented. Difficulties in the interpretation of the glow discharge results are overcome by performing an additional special experiment, where conductive and nonconductive parts are sputtered intentionally at the same time. As a consequence of the investigations, care must be taken, if glow discharge spectrometry is applied to samples with conductive and nonconductive components.
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6

Chiengkul, Watchara, Patcharaporn Mahasuweerachai, and Chompoonut Suttikun. "Do Charity or Non-Charity Sporting Events Have a Greater Influence on Participants’ Warm Glow?: An Experimental Survey." Sustainability 14, no. 24 (December 11, 2022): 16593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416593.

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Although the literature shows that consuming pro-social products increases warm glow, a psychological factor that contributes to consumer experience and satisfaction, it is unclear whether participating in a charity sporting event results in the same outcome. This research addresses this gap by testing the effects of participating in charity running events and altruism on the warm glow of participants. A scenario-based survey was employed to collect data from 180 respondents who had previously participated in charity running events. Multiple regression analysis results showed that participating in a charity (vs. non-charity) running event increased participants’ warm glow. Altruism also had a significant positive impact on their warm glow; however, this effect was independent of the percentage of proceeds donated by the event to charity.
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7

Luginbuhl, C. B., P. A. Boley, D. R. Davis, and D. M. Duriscoe. "The Effects of Lamp Spectral Distribution on Sky Glow over Observatories." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 10, H16 (August 2012): 756. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921314013374.

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AbstractUsing a wavelength-generalized version of the Garstang (1991) model, we evaluate overhead sky glow as a function of distance up to 300 km, from a variety of lamp types, including common gas discharge lamps and several types of LED lamps. We conclude for both professional, and especially cultural (visual), astronomy, that low-pressure sodium and narrow-spectrum amber LED lamps cause much less sky glow than all broad-spectrum sources.
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8

Ratliff, P. H., and W. W. Harrison. "Time-Resolved Studies of the Effects of Water Vapor in Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry." Applied Spectroscopy 49, no. 7 (July 1995): 863–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702953964769.

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The role of water vapor as an impurity in glow discharge mass spectrometry is examined by means of pulsed injection of water into an argon discharge. The effect of water vapor on both analyte and intrinsic gas species is determined. Water dissociates in the discharge to produce reactants that can influence analytical results. The extent of this effect is dependent on the reactivity of the cathode sample with water and its dissociation products. Metal oxides are observed during and shortly after the pulsed water injection. Three different cathode materials (titanium, iron, and copper) are studied, with a range of metal oxide bond strengths. Titanium, which has strong gettering action in the glow discharge plasma, exhibits the shortest perturbation time after addition of water vapor. The experiments show the need to remove trace water from glow discharges for best analytical results.
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9

Chong, Sang-Ok, Il-Cho Park, and Seong-Jong Kim. "Effects of plasma ion nitriding temperature using DC glow discharge on improvement of corrosion resistance of 304 stainless steel in seawater." Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Engineering 41, no. 3 (March 31, 2017): 238–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5916/jkosme.2017.41.3.238.

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10

Decker, Christian G., and Michael R. Webb. "Measurement of sample and plasma properties in solution-cathode glow discharge and effects of organic additives on these properties." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 31, no. 1 (2016): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ja00243e.

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Effects of organic additives on spectroscopic and electrical properties of a solution-cathode glow discharge are measured. Effects of the discharge on sample solutions with and without additives are measured.
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11

Liu, Chen, Jiaping Lan, Fenglou Sun, Yuhua Zhang, Jinlin Li, and Jingping Hong. "Promotion effects of plasma treatment on silica supports and catalyst precursors for cobalt Fischer–Tropsch catalysts." RSC Advances 6, no. 62 (2016): 57701–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra11605a.

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12

Chu, Alvin F., Steven M. Marcus, and Bruce Ruck. "Poison Control Centers' Role in Glow Product-Related Outbreak Detection: Implications for Comprehensive Surveillance System." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 24, no. 1 (February 2009): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00006567.

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AbstractIntroduction:The development of syndromic surveillance systems to detect bioterrorist attacks and emerging infectious diseases has become an important and challenging goal to many governmental agencies and healthcare authorities. This study utilized the sharp increase of glow product-related calls to demonstrate the utility of poison ontrol data for early detection of potential outbreaks during the week of Halloween in 2007.Methods:A review was conducted of the electronic records of exposures reported to the New Jersey Poison Information and Education System NJPIES) Poison Control Hotline from 2002 through 2007 with generic code number 0201027 (glow products) set by the American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC). Key information such as age, gender, time of the call, exposure reason, clinical effects, and medical outcomes along with telephone number, zip code, and county location were used in the analyses to determine the extent of the outbreak.Results:Analyses included a total of 139 glow product-related calls during the week of Halloween in 2007 with a single-day high of 59 calls on Halloween Day. More than 90% of the glow product exposures were in children 1–10 years of age. The glow product-related calls on Halloween Day increased from 14 calls in 2002 to 59 calls in 2007, a 321% increase during a six-year period.Conclusions:Poison control centers in the United States are equipped with a unique and uniform input data collection system—the National Poison Data System—that provides an important data source in the development of a comprehensive surveillance system for early outbreak detection.
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13

Jansen, Frank, and Dan Kuhman. "Contamination effects in glow discharge deposition systems." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 6, no. 1 (January 1988): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.574997.

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14

Hoegg, Edward D., R. Kenneth Marcus, George J. Hager, Garret L. Hart, and David W. Koppenaal. "Concomitant ion effects on isotope ratio measurements with liquid sampling – atmospheric pressure glow discharge ion source Orbitrap mass spectrometry." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 33, no. 2 (2018): 251–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ja00308k.

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15

Mravlje, Jure, Marjana Regvar, Pia Starič, Rok Zaplotnik, Miran Mozetič, and Katarina Vogel-Mikuš. "Decontamination and Germination of Buckwheat Grains upon Treatment with Oxygen Plasma Glow and Afterglow." Plants 11, no. 10 (May 20, 2022): 1366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11101366.

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Buckwheat is an alternative crop known for its many beneficial effects on our health. Fungi are an important cause of plant diseases and food spoilage, often posing a threat to humans and animals. This study reports the effects of low-pressure cold plasma treatment on decontamination and germination of common (CB) and Tartary buckwheat (TB) grains. Both plasma glow and afterglow were applied. The glow treatment was more effective in decontamination: initial contamination was reduced to less than 30% in CB and 10% in TB. Fungal diversity was also affected as only a few genera persisted after the glow treatment; however, it also significantly reduced or even ceased the germination capacity of both buckwheat species. Detailed plasma characterisation by optical spectroscopy revealed extensive etching of outer layers as well as cotyledons. Afterglow treatment resulted in a lower reduction of initial fungal contamination (up to 30% in CB and up to 50% in TB) and had less impact on fungal diversity but did not drastically affect germination: 60–75% of grains still germinated even after few minutes of treatment. The vacuum conditions alone did not affect the fungal population or the germination despite an extensive release of water.
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16

Barokah, Siti, Dinar Mustofa, and Putri Patricia Rahmadani. "KREDIBILITAS CELEBRITY ENDORSER DAN MINAT BELI PENGGEMAR RAFFI AHMAD DAN NAGITA SLAVINA TERHADAP SKINCARE MS GLOW." SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF REFLECTION : Economic, Accounting, Management and Business 4, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 511–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37481/sjr.v4i3.330.

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The competition in the cosmetic industry business is getting tougher and more challenging for the perpetrators. To face this competition in order to continue to exist in the cosmetic market, business actors are actively hooking up customers by partnering with a number of celebrities. Business people are competing to like their cosmetic products by applying celebrity endorser services. This research was conducted with the aim of finding out how credible celebrity endorsers Raffi Ahmad and Nagita Slavina are in promoting ms glow products and any effects on the buying interest of celebrity fans of the celebrity couple Raffi Ahmad and Nagita Slavina. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The data techniques used were observation, interview and documentation. The results of this study indicate that Raffi Ahmad and Nagita Slavina have high credibility in endorsing ms glow products and are able to foster buying interest among fans of ms glow products as the products they promote.
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17

Kravtsov, Denis, Anna Gubal, Victoria Chuchina, Natalya Ivanenko, Nikolay Solovyev, Alexander Stroganov, Han Jin, and Alexander Ganeev. "Volatile Organic Compound Fragmentation in the Afterglow of Pulsed Glow Discharge in Ambient Air." Molecules 27, no. 20 (October 13, 2022): 6864. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27206864.

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Glow discharge (GD) source gained an increased level of attention in relation to the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) since past work showed that this soft ionization method allowed direct analysis of VOCs with minimal fragmentation, however, the issue of fragmentation was not previously studied in detail. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of discharge conditions on VOC fragmentation in the system consisting of the cell with pulsed glow discharge and a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Ionization of VOCs of different classes (hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, and carboxylic acids) was investigated. A copper cathode with flat geometry was used. VOCs were ionized in the afterglow of short pulse glow discharge in the air. The use of discharge afterglow significantly reduces or eliminates the effects of ionization mechanisms other than Penning process, in particular, electron ionization. This significantly reduced VOC fragmentation and provided rather low limits of detection. Specific cluster formation was observed for alcohols and esters, which may facilitate their identification.
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18

Mushtaq, Sohail, Edward B. M. Steers, Juliet C. Pickering, and Viktoria Weinstein. "Effect of small quantities of oxygen in a neon glow discharge." J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 29, no. 11 (2014): 2027–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ja00192c.

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19

GONZALEZ, P. R., C. FURETTA, E. CRUZ-ZARAGOZA, and J. AZORÍN. "HEATING RATE EFFECTS ON THERMOLUMINESCENCE OF BaSO4:Eu+PTFE PREPARED AT ININ-MEXICO." Modern Physics Letters B 24, no. 08 (March 30, 2010): 717–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984910022834.

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In this work, we show the influence of heating rate (H.R.) on the thermoluminescence (TL) signal of BaSO 4 activated by Eu ions. The maximum temperature, the TL integral, the activation energy, the frequency factor and full width at half maximum of the TL glow-peak as a function of the H.R. were studied. The TL reading system used was a Harshaw TL reader model 4000, with constant H.R. in the range from 2 to 12 K/s. The irradiation dose was 0.1 Gy from 60 Co in all cases. The kinetic parameters and their dependence on the H.R. were evaluated using the sequential quadratic programming glow curve deconvolution (SQPGCD). The experimental results showed that as the H.R. increases, the IM shifts to higher temperature; similar behavior of the kinetics parameters were obtained.
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20

Elgert, Christina, Juhani Hopkins, Arja Kaitala, and Ulrika Candolin. "Reproduction under light pollution: maladaptive response to spatial variation in artificial light in a glow-worm." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1931 (July 15, 2020): 20200806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0806.

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The amount of artificial light at night is growing worldwide, impacting the behaviour of nocturnal organisms. Yet, we know little about the consequences of these behavioural responses for individual fitness and population viability. We investigated if females of the common glow-worm Lampyris noctiluca —which glow in the night to attract males—mitigate negative effects of artificial light on mate attraction by adjusting the timing and location of glowing to spatial variation in light conditions. We found females do not move away from light when exposed to a gradient of artificial light, but delay or even refrain from glowing. Further, we demonstrate that this response is maladaptive, as our field study showed that staying still when exposed to artificial light from a simulated streetlight decreases mate attraction success, while moving only a short distance from the light source can markedly improve mate attraction. These results indicate that glow-worms are unable to respond to spatial variation in artificial light, which may be a factor in their global decline. Consequently, our results support the hypothesis that animals often lack adaptive behavioural responses to anthropogenic environmental changes and underlines the importance of considering behavioural responses when investigating the effects of human activities on wildlife.
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21

Currey, Judy, Stephanie K. Sprogis, Gabby Burdeu, Julie Considine, Joshua Andrew Allen, and Elizabeth Oldland. "Students perceive Team-Based Learning facilitates development of graduate learning outcomes and professional skills." Journal of Teaching and Learning for Graduate Employability 9, no. 1 (October 10, 2018): 93–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/jtlge2018vol9no1art759.

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In tertiary education, generic professional skills should be developed along with discipline-specific knowledge and skills. Team-Based Learning (TBL), an active learning strategy, creates deep learning and enhanced student engagement; however, its effects on the development of generic learning outcomes are unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate postgraduate specialty nursing students’ perspectives of how TBL impacts the acquisition of skills defined by the university’s eight Graduate Learning Outcomes (GLOs). A descriptive exploratory design was used in this study. Postgraduate nursing students in 2016-2017 at one university were invited to participate. Data were collected via demographic survey, a ranking tool, and written reflections. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. The response rate was 97.2 per cent (172/177). Participants were mostly females (n=152, 88.4%) aged 25–34 years (n=115, 66.9%). Student (n=156) rankings showed TBL contributed to the acquisition of critical thinking (n=90, 57.7%) and problem solving skills (n=56, 35.9%) the most. Students (n=144) made 2719 comments regarding how TBL led to the acquisition of GLOs in written reflections. Almost 98 per cent (n=2657) of all reflective comments were positive. All students mentioned at least one GLO positively due to TBL. Most positive reflections related to self-management (n=520, 19.6%) and communication (n=434, 16.3%).Postgraduate specialty nursing students perceived TBL classes contributed to the acquisition of their university’s GLOs, particularly critical thinking, problem solving, and self-management skills. The active learning strategy of TBL facilitates learning and engagement, and the attainment of essential professional attributes which are highly valued by employers.
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22

Karimov, Il'shat, Kristina Kondrashova, Galimzhan Duskaev, and Olga Kvan. "Evaluation of effects of rumen fluid in combination with probiotic preparations and vanillin on the luminescence of a recombinant strain E. coli." E3S Web of Conferences 143 (2020): 02034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014302034.

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A way to assess the metabolic state of bacteria of rumen microflora cells is the registration of glow kinetics including recombinant strains, which is a reflection of stress states developing in the cell. The experiment evaluated the effect of rumen fluid in combination with probiotic strains and vanillin on the luminescence of a recombinant strain Escherichia coli MG1655 and digestibility of feed. The “in vitro” method with the rumen simulation technique (Rusitec) was used to determine the digestibility of the dry substance of feed. Using the initial sample, the glow level at the 30th minute was recorded at 3,149±145 RLU, which is 32% of the control level. In the presence of rumen fluid (at the concentration of 6.25%), there was observed an improved response by E.coli against Saccharomyces boulardii’s background (by 44%). The use of vanillin in rumen fluid increases the glow level of bacterial cells in the range of concentrations up to 50%, and in combination with probiotic strains, in the range of 25-50 %. In vitro conditions against the background of rumen fluid showed that vanillin in combination with probiotic strains Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium adolescentis / Lactobacillus acidophilus contributes to an increase in the digestibility of the dry substance of feed.
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23

Lüpke, G., G. Marowsky, F. Sieverdes, N. Wenzel, T. Kishimoto, and H. Grosse-Wilde. "Thermal disequilibrium effects in a molecular glow discharge." J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 7, no. 2 (1992): 343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/ja9920700343.

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24

Shin, Dae Yong, and Kyung Nam Kim. "Effects of Eu2+, Dy3+ Contents and Particle Sizes on the Luminescent Properties of SrAl2O4 Phosphor by the Sol-Gel Process." Materials Science Forum 620-622 (April 2009): 473–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.620-622.473.

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A green emitting SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ phosphor with high brightness and long afterglow was synthesized by the sol-gel method. SrAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+ phosphor exhibited broad band extending from 450 to 650 nm and maximum emission spectra peaking at 520 nm. Three excited levels existed, two shoulders were observed at 270 and 330 nm in addition to the maximum at 360 nm on the excitation spectrum. After the removal of excitation light, the excellent after-glow characteristic of the phosphorescence was obtained as a result of low decay time, although the after-glow intensities of phosphor varied exponentially with the time.
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25

Binmahfooz, Abdulelah M., Ghadeer I. Basunbul, and Aws S. ArRejaie. "Evaluation of the Effect of Glow Discharge Plasma Surface Treatment on Bonding Cements to Zirconia." Open Dentistry Journal 12, no. 1 (October 25, 2018): 846–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601812010846.

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Background: The major difference in the chemical composition of Y-TZP ceramics, as compared with conventional porcelain, led researchers to develop alternative solutions for achieving durable and long term bonding with the zirconia surface. Objective: The study aims to evaluate the effects of glow discharge treatment on the bonding between cement and zirconia. Methods: The zirconia rings and rods were prepared with the Zirconia Y-TZP powder and TZ-3YSB-E (Tosoh-Zirconia) through auto-mix to investigate the glow discharge and thermo-cycling. An orientation Teflon mold was used to centralize each rod into the zirconia ring, and aided as a cementation jig during the cementation procedure. Results: Cohesive failure (2/3 or more of luting agent remained on the zirconia surface) has been majorly observed with RelyX Ultimate, while adhesion failure (less than 1/3 of the luting agent remained on the zirconia surface) has been primarily observed in Ketac-Cem. Mixed failure was observed among the three specimen including Rely X Unicem 2, Multilink Auto-mix and Ceramir. Conclusion: The glow discharge surface treatment procedure had a major impact on bond strength to zirconia.
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Терешко, Валерий, Valeriy Tereshko, Ирина Терешко, Irina Tereshko, Владимир Логвин, Vladimir Logvin, Сергей Шептунов, and Sergey Sheptunov. "MATERIAL MODIFICATION IN GLOW DISCHARGE." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2016, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/22066.

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The development of new methods to improve physical and stressstrain properties of materials is an important contribution to the development of modern technologies and targeted control of their behavior. The optimum combination of stressstrain properties and electrical ones to improve performance attributes of materials is very important. The basic purpose of this work is the study of long-term effects in materials resistivity changes after treatment in a glow discharge. There are presented the results of measurements of a resistivity relative value in copper-graphite insertions after a radiation treatment in a glow discharge. The graphic dependences obtained show that in the course of two years in samples a long-lived state, a structure of irradiated composite material remains. It is a sign of that the improvement of performance attributes of insertions investigated bears longterm character. An anomalous temperature dependence of electric resistance after an irradiation treatment if a glow discharge was detected in technical copper samples. First of all this anomaly manifests itself in copper resis-tivity decrease after an irradiation treatment at different temperatures obtained that is contrary to the fact determined of the simultaneous increase of dislocations density in samples irradiated.
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27

Stewart, Alan J. A., Craig D. Perl, and Jeremy E. Niven. "Artificial lighting impairs mate attraction in a nocturnal capital breeder." Journal of Experimental Biology 223, no. 19 (July 14, 2020): jeb229146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.229146.

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ABSTRACTArtificial lighting at night (ALAN) is increasingly recognised as having negative effects on many organisms, though the exact mechanisms remain unclear. Glow worms are likely susceptible to ALAN because females use bioluminescence to signal to attract males. We quantified the impact of ALAN by comparing the efficacy of traps that mimicked females to attract males in the presence or absence of a white artificial light source (ALS). Illuminated traps attracted fewer males than did traps in the dark. Illuminated traps closer to the ALS attracted fewer males than those further away, whereas traps in the dark attracted similar numbers of males up to 40 m from the ALS. Thus, ALAN impedes females' ability to attract males, the effect increasing with light intensity. Consequently, ALAN potentially affects glow worms' fecundity and long-term population survival. More broadly, this study emphasises the potentially severe deleterious effects of ALAN upon nocturnal insect populations.
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28

Breus, A., S. Abashin, I. Lukashov, and O. Serdiuk. "Anodic growth of copper oxide nanostructures in glow discharge." Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 114, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.9850.

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Purpose: Application of plasma glow discharge to copper oxide nanostructure growth is studied. The simplicity of the proposed technique may be beneficial for the development of new plasma reactors for large-scale production of diverse metal oxide nanostructures. Design/methodology/approach: Copper sample was placed on anode of a setup designed to ignite plasma glow discharge. The proposed approach allows eliminating the negative effects of ion bombardment, like sputtering and generation of defects on a surface of the growing nanostructures, but preserves the advantages of thermal growth. The growth process was explained in terms of thermal processes interaction occurring on a surface of the anode with the glow discharge plasma. Findings: Plasma treatment resulted in generation of reach and diverse nanostructures that was confirmed by SEM images. Nanowire-like, flower-like, anemone-like nanostructures and nanodisks composed into the nanoassemblies are observed; the nanostructures are associated with microbabbles on CuO layer. These findings allow concluding about the possible implementation of the proposed method in industry. Research limitations/implications: The main limitation is conditioned by the lack of heat supplied to the anode, and absence of independent control of the heat and ion fluxes; thus, the additional heater should be installed under the anode in order to expand the nomenclature of the nanospecies in the future studies. Practical implications: High-productivity plasma process in copper oxide nanostructures synthesis was confirmed in this research. It may be applied for field emitter and supercapacitor manufacturing. Originality/value: Oxide nanostructure synthesis is conducted by use of a simple and well-known glow discharge technique in order to expand the production yield and diversity of nanostructure obtained in the processes of thermal growth.
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Mimouni Chaabane, Aïda, and Béatrice Parguel. "The double-edge effect of retailers’ cause-related marketing." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 44, no. 6 (June 13, 2016): 607–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-08-2015-0126.

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Purpose – Cause-related marketing – linking product sales with donations to a cause – are popular with consumers because they produce warm-glow feelings (the positive route). But when they involve large donations, they may trigger consumer scepticism, reducing the warm glow (the negative route). Drawing on the elaboration likelihood model, the purpose of this paper is to examine whether large donations in cause-related marketing can produce consumer scepticism and reduce the warm-glow effect and positive attitude towards the retailer. Design/methodology/approach – An experiment varying the donation size (large, medium, small) in a cause-related marketing offer run by an office equipment retailer is set up. Hypotheses are tested using bootstrapping regression analyses. Findings – The negative route has the greater effect: scepticism towards the offer mediates the relationship between donation size and the warm glow. Furthermore, scepticism towards a large donation is higher (lower) for respondents scoring low (high) on altruism and high (low) on familiarity with cause-related marketing. Practical implications – When using cause-related marketing, retailers should choose their features and target audience carefully in order to reduce scepticism, e.g., small donations should be offered in promotions targeting consumers who are familiar with cause-related marketing and show low altruism. Originality/value – This study contributes to the recent research examining the negative effects of cause-related marketing by explicitly conceptualising and measuring scepticism towards cause-related marketing. The findings are also valuable because they indicate the importance of a shift in focus, away from the conventional question of cause-related marketing effectiveness to the more specific and under-investigated problem of the appropriate core target consumers.
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Kohzuki, Yohichi, and Tomiyasu Ohgaku. "Study on Luminescence of KCl:Eu2+ Crystals after X-ray Irradiation at Room Temperature." Crystals 9, no. 7 (June 28, 2019): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst9070331.

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Bleaching with the F-light at the excitation bandpass of 20 nm results in the phenomenon that F-centre peak and thermoluminescence (TL) glow peaks due to Fz- and F-centres identically decrease with the F-bleach time, whereas TL glow peak due to Fz-centre only remains almost constant irrespective of its time in the case of that at the excitation bandpass of 5 nm. Analysing the data on bleaching effects, absorption spectrum of X-ray irradiated KCl:Eu2+ crystal has a peak due to Fz-centre approximately within 20 nm of the wavelength 560 nm at F-centre peak. Electrons released from Fz-centres at 370 K and from F-centres at 450 K combine with Eu3+ ions, leading to the excited Eu2+ ions from which the luminescence at 420 nm is emitted.
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Frączek, Tadeusz, Michał Olejnik, and Jarosław Jasiński. "Unconventional Short-Term Glow Discharge Nitriding of 316L Austenitic Steel." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 366–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.366.

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The AISI 316L grade austenitic steel after glow discharge nitriding at a temperature of T = 598 K and for duration of  = 10,8 ks, for different variants of specimen arrangement in the glow-discharge chamber was investigated. In the first variant specimens were placed on the cathode and in the second variant specimens were positioned also on the cathode, but shielded with a booster screen. In order to assess the effectiveness of nitriding process variants a profile analysis examination of obtained surface layers, surface hardness tests and surface layer hardness profile examination, analysis of surface layer structures and corrosion resistance tests were carried out. It was found that application of a booster screen effects in a nitrogen diffusion depth increment into the 316L austenitic steel, resulting in a surface layer thickness escalation.
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Tanguay, Suzanne, and Richard Sacks. "Ion Bombardment Magnetron Furnace for Atomic Spectroscopy." Applied Spectroscopy 43, no. 6 (August 1989): 918–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702894203831.

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Positive-ion bombardment of a graphite cathode in a low-pressure glow discharge is used to heat the cathode to temperatures in excess of 2000°C. A magnetic field of a few hundred Gauss used in a magnetron configuration reduces lamp voltage and permits operation at less than 1 kV with cathode current densities greater than 350 mA/cm2. A solution residue sample deposited on the 1.6-mm-diameter graphite cathode is atomized in about one second. The atomic vapor is excited in the glow discharge near the cathode surface. The effects of pressure and magnetic field strength on furnace performance are described. At low furnace temperature, plasma current conduction is by electrons produced by positive ion bombardment of the cathode surface. At higher temperatures, current conduction is largely by thermionic electrons.
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33

Je, Jaeyong, and Eunbo Kang. "The Effects of Magnetic Field on TLD Glow Curve." Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology 7, no. 6 (December 30, 2013): 415–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7742/jksr.2013.7.6.415.

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34

Walsh, James L., and Michael G. Kong. "Frequency Effects of Plasma Bullets in Atmospheric Glow Discharges." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 36, no. 4 (August 2008): 954–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2008.924495.

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35

Minamisawa, Renato Amaral, Volha Abidzina, Adelaide de Almeida, Satilmis Budak, I. Tereshko, I. Elkin, and Daryush Ila. "Radiation effects on ETFE polymer exposed to glow discharge." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 261, no. 1-2 (August 2007): 715–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.197.

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36

Zhu, X. M., and M. G. Kong. "Electron kinetic effects in atmospheric dielectric-barrier glow discharges." Journal of Applied Physics 97, no. 8 (April 15, 2005): 083301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1872192.

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37

Trigoulet, N., T. Hashimoto, I. S. Molchan, P. Skeldon, G. E. Thompson, A. Tempez, and P. Chapon. "Surface topography effects on glow discharge depth profiling analysis." Surface and Interface Analysis 42, no. 4 (February 19, 2010): 328–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.3165.

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38

Horowitz, Y. "Comment on “heating rate effects in thermoluminescent glow-peaks”." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 83, no. 4 (December 1993): 581–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(93)95891-8.

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39

Talar-Krasa, Marta, Karol Wolski, Adam Radkowski, Karen Khachatryan, Henryk Bujak, and Jan Bocianowski. "Effects of a Plasma Water and Biostimulant on Lawn Functional Value." Agronomy 11, no. 2 (January 29, 2021): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11020254.

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The research was conducted between 2014 and 2016 at the Agricultural Experimental Station of the University of Environmental and Life Sciences in Wrocław. In the experiment, Poa pratensis and Lolium perenne in pure stand and in mixtures were used as Factor A. Two substances that stimulate grass growth and development constituted Factor B. The first was a biostimulant produced from brown algae (Phaeophyceae), containing various essential chemical compounds including amino acids, vitamins, alginic acid, microelements, and other unexplored biologically active components. The other was water treated with low-pressure glow plasma (LPGP). The seeds were sown in well-mixed light, alluvial loamy sand soil. During three growing seasons, a 9-point scale was used to evaluate grass density, leaf fineness, susceptibility to disease, and lawn overwintering. The lawns were mown every 14 days at a height of 4 cm. The substances with a stimulating effect significantly affected lawn grass features, including turf density and overwintering. Additionally, the biostimulant and plasma water reduced the incidence of fungal diseases. Better transport of water in plants after its low-pressure glow plasma treatment may be due to the effect of its declustered structure, its higher oxygen concentration, and its better solubility of the biostimulant.
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40

Govier, Robert D., and Edward H. Piepmeier. "ESCA Studies of a Brass Surface Subjected to Gas-Jet-Enhanced Sputtering in a Glow Discharge." Applied Spectroscopy 48, no. 4 (April 1994): 426–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/000370294775268848.

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Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) is used to study selected regions of a brass surface subjected to gas-jet-enhanced sputtering in a glow discharge. Gas jets directed at the sample surface during sputtering in a glow discharge increase the removal rate of sample material from the surface and cause changes to the surface which are visually evident in the formation of craters and surface deposits. Changes in chemical composition of these regions are observed when successive atomic layers are removed from the sample by the ion beam etching accessory in the ESCA spectrometer. The effects of ion bombardment can be explained in terms of the selective sputtering of one bulk component over another. The surfaces in the sputtered craters were found to be depleted of the higher-sputtering-yield component, Zn, when compared to the bulk composition. In a deposit, the component with the highest sputtering yield was found to be more concentrated in layers closest to the bulk material. The component with the lowest sputtering yield was found at relatively higher concentrations nearest the deposit surface. The component with the higher sputtering yield is selectively sputtered first during the glow discharge, and consequently is deposited with a higher concentration closest to the bulk, the converse being true for the lowest-sputtering-yield component.
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41

Yu, Bing, Enyu Shen, Pei Yuan, and Huaxu Shen. "Research on the Plasma Anemometer Based on AC Glow Discharge." Journal of Sensors 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1702671.

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A new plasma anemometer based on AC glow discharge is designed in this article. Firstly, theoretical analysis of plasma anemometer working principle is introduced to prove the feasibility of the experimental measurement method. Then the experiments are carried out to study the effects of different parameters on the static discharge characteristics of the plasma anemometer system, by which the system optimization methods are obtained. Finally, several groups of appropriate parameters are selected to build the plasma anemometer system based on resistance capacitance coupling negative feedback AC glow discharge, and different airflow speeds are applied to obtain the achievable velocity measurement range. The results show that there is a linear relationship between airflow velocity and discharge current in an allowable error range, which can be applied for airflow velocity measurement. Negative feedback coupling module, which is composed of the coupling resistance and the coupling capacitance, has good effects on improving the system stability. The measurement range of the airflow velocity is significantly increased when the electrode gap is 3 mm, coupling resistance is 470 Ω, and coupling capacitance is 220 pF.
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42

Wortmann, Markus, Maani Hakimi, Thomas Fleming, Andreas S. Peters, Tjeerd P. Sijmonsma, Stephan Herzig, Peter P. Nawroth, Dittmar Böckler, and Susanne Dihlmann. "A Glyoxalase-1 Knockdown Does Not Have Major Short Term Effects on Energy Expenditure and Atherosclerosis in Mice." Journal of Diabetes Research 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2981639.

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Objective. Glyoxalase-1 is an enzyme detoxifying methylglyoxal (MG). MG is a potent precursor of advanced glycation endproducts which are regarded to be a key player in micro- and macrovascular damage. Yet, the role of Glo1 in atherosclerosis remains unclear. In this study, the effect of Glo1 on mouse metabolism and atherosclerosis is evaluated.Methods. Glo1 knockdown mice were fed a high fat or a standard diet for 10 weeks. Body weight and composition were investigated by Echo MRI. The PhenoMaster system was used to measure the energy expenditure. To evaluate the impact of Glo1 on atherosclerosis, Glo1KDmice were crossed with ApoE-knockout mice and fed a high fat diet for 14 weeks.Results. Glo1 activity was significantly reduced in heart, liver, and kidney lysates derived from Glo1KDmice. Yet, there was no increase in methylglyoxal-derived AGEs in all organs analyzed. The Glo1 knockdown did not affect body weight or body composition. Metabolic studies via indirect calorimetry did not show significant effects on energy expenditure. Glo1KDmice crossed to ApoE−/−mice did not show enhanced formation of atherosclerosis.Conclusion. A Glo1 knockdown does not have major short term effects on the energy expenditure or the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.
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McMurray, Katherine M. J., Margaret G. Distler, Preetpal S. Sidhu, James M. Cook, Leggy A. Arnold, Abraham A. Palmer, and Leigh D. Plant. "Glo1 inhibitors for neuropsychiatric and anti-epileptic drug development." Biochemical Society Transactions 42, no. 2 (March 20, 2014): 461–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20140027.

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Many current pharmacological treatments for neuropsychiatric disorders, such as anxiety and depression, are limited by a delayed onset of therapeutic effect, adverse side effects, abuse potential or lack of efficacy in many patients. These off-target effects highlight the need to identify novel mechanisms and targets for treatment. Recently, modulation of Glo1 (glyoxalase I) activity was shown to regulate anxiety-like behaviour and seizure-susceptibility in mice. These effects are likely to be mediated through the regulation of MG (methylglyoxal) by Glo1, as MG acts as a competitive partial agonist at GABAA (γ-aminobutyric acid A) receptors. Thus modulation of MG by Glo1 represents a novel target for treatment. In the present article, we evaluate the therapeutic potential of indirectly modulating MG concentrations through Glo1 inhibitors for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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44

Liang, Marco (Zhanhang), Shuang Zhao, and Michael T. Goodrich. "Inverse-Rendering-Based Analysis of the Fine Illumination Effects in Salvator Mundi." Leonardo 53, no. 4 (July 2020): 380–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_01923.

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The painting Salvator Mundi is attributed to Leonardo da Vinci and depicts Jesus holding a transparent orb. The authors study the optical accuracy of the fine illumination effects in this painting using inverse rendering. Their experimental results provide plausible explanations for the strange glow inside the orb, the anomalies on the orb and the mysterious three white spots, supporting the optical accuracy of the orb's rendering down to its fine-grain details.
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45

de Cademartori, Pedro Henrique Gonzalez, Graciela Inês Bolzon de Muniz, and Washington Luiz Esteves Magalhães. "Changes of wettability of medium density fiberboard (MDF) treated with He-DBD plasma." Holzforschung 69, no. 2 (February 1, 2015): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2014-0017.

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Abstract The effects of two power levels (50 and 150 W) and five time levels (10, 20, 40, 60 and 120 s) of glow discharge in helium dielectric barrier discharge (He-DBD) has been investigated in the context of surface modification of medium density fiberboard (MDF) panels. He-DBD elevated the surface wettability of MDF panels as assessed by dynamic contact angle (CA) measurements including the determination of surface free energy, droplet volume and spreading contact area of droplets. The chemical changes of the MDF surfaces were also characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Expectedly, the apparent CA and droplet volume decreased with increasing power and time of glow discharge, mainly at the 150 W power level. The oxygen content of the surfaces, the surface free energy and the spreading contact area increased upon treatment. At higher energy levels the treatment time could be reduced, which is essential for future applications in industrial processes.
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46

Duan, Yixiang, Yimu Li, Zhaohui Du, Qinhan Jin, and Jose A. Olivares. "Instrumentation and Fundamental Studies on Glow Discharge—Microwave-Induced Plasma (GD-MIP) Tandem Source for Optical Emission Spectrometry." Applied Spectroscopy 50, no. 8 (August 1996): 977–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702963905259.

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Instrumentation and fundamental studies on glow discharge–microwave-induced plasma (GD-MIP) tandem source are described in this paper. Mutual effects among parameters, vacuum pressure, discharge current, voltage, and microwave power are examined with different cathode materials. Sputtering rates with and without microwave boost are measured under various experimental conditions. The experimental results demonstrate that the introduction of a microwave plasma will significantly decrease the sampling rate. A possible mechanism for the more uniform erosion obtained with microwave plasma boosting is suggested and discussed. Excitation temperatures are measured with the line-pair method and Boltzmann plot. A considerable increase in the excitation temperature (from about 3500 to 4200 K by using the line-pair method) is found with the addition of microwave plasma boosting. A comparison of the behavior of glow discharge alone and the GD-MIP tandem source is made. Significant enhancements in signal intensities are observed. The experimental results suggest that the excitation temperature plays an important role in signal enhancement.
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47

Schreuder, Duco A. "Pollution-Free Road Lighting." Transactions of the International Astronomical Union 24, no. 3 (2001): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0251107x00001152.

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The beneficial effects of road lighting are often seen as very important. They relate to reducing road accidents and some forms of crime but also enhance the social safety of residents and pedestrians and the amenity for residents. Road traffic in developing countries is much more hazardous than in industrialized countries. Accident rates in ‘low’ income countries may be as much as 35 times higher than in ‘high’ income countries. Thus, it might be much more cost-effective to light roads in the developing world than in the industrialized world. Fighting light pollution is more pressing in developing countries as most of the major high-class astronomical observatories are there. Astronomical observations are disturbed by light from outdoor lighting installations, part of which is scattered in the atmosphere to form ‘sky glow’. The International Lighting Commission CIE has published a Technical Report giving general guidance for lighting designers and policy makers on the reduction of the sky glow.
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48

Winkielman, Piotr, and Andrzej Nowak. "Dynamics of cognition-emotion interface: Coherence breeds familiarity and liking, and does it fast." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28, no. 2 (April 2005): 222–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x05510045.

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We present a dynamical model of interaction between recognition memory and affect, focusing on the phenomenon of “warm glow of familiarity.” In our model, both familiarity and affect reflect quick monitoring of coherence in an attractor neural network. This model parsimoniously explains a variety of empirical phenomena, including mere-exposure and beauty-in-averages effects, and the speed of familiarity and affect judgments.
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49

Ha, Xuan Vinh, Phan Thao Tien Doan, and Chi Thang Nguyen. "Effects of Gamma and Beta Radiations to Dosimeters Fabricated from K₂YF₅ and K₂GdF₅." Nuclear Science and Technology 4, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.53747/jnst.v4i3.236.

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K2YF5 and K2GdF5 doped with rare earth can be used as thermoluminescent (TL) dosimeters for gamma, beta radiations. In this study, the K2YF5 and K2GdF5 doped with Tb, Pr, Sm, and Dy with different concentrations were synthesized by solid state reaction method. These double fluoride dosimeters were irradiated with different radiations, namely beta and gamma. The study results showed that in general, the TL intensity of K2GdF5 is higher than that of K2YF5. The K2GdF5 crystals doped with Tb3+, Pr3+ have very high TL sensitivities. But the sensitivities of Sm3+, Dy3+ doped- are very low. The TL glow curve of K2YF5:Tb consists of three peaks at temperatures 132oC, 207oC and 240oC, and its intensities are approximately. The TL glow curve of K2GdF5:Tb has dosimetric peak at the temperature 196oC (heating rate 2oC/s), the temperature of this peak suitable for dosimetry application. The TL sensitivity of K2GdF5:Tb is higher than that of TLD-100 and TLD-900 dosimeters for the gamma and beta radiation. The dosimeters K2GdF5:Tb has high sensitivity and linearity for gamma, beta radiations. In addition, the thermal fading effect of TL intensity was very low. The study results showed that these materials can be used in nuclear radiation dosimeters.
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Ypma, Peter J., and Mark B. M. Hochman. "THERMOLUMINESCENCE GEOTHERMOMETRY — A CASE STUDY OF THE OTWAY BASIN." APPEA Journal 31, no. 1 (1991): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj90024.

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The thermoluminescence (TL) of quartz of detrital origin in a sedimentary basin is affected by time and temperature in two different ways:TL due to natural radiation (NTL) shows a first glow peak (which is commonly also the dominant peak) the glow temperature of which is a function of ambient radiation temperature and time. Progressive burial and increase of temperature results in a thermally 'cleaned' TL peak. Uplift, erosion or a decrease of temperature produces a new TL peak of lower temperature, with or without retention of the earlier formed TL peak. The glow temperature of those peaks can be evaluated in terms of time and ambient temperature of the basin. A comparison with palaeotemperatures estimated from vitrinite reflectance (VR) and apatite fission track analysis (AFTA) has shown very good agreement between NTL, VR and AFTA for those wells in the Otway Basin where present temperatures are at their maximum. In the case of uplift and a cooling trend the NTL temperatures reflect the most recent thermal regime, plus some effects from earlier thermal stages.Artificial TL (ATL) shows at basin temperatures exceeding 50°C a gradual change of intrinsic TL parameters. The changes are probably due to a decrease in the number of certain defects. The ATL effects are cumulative and reflect the whole thermal flux. In this sense ATL is comparable with VR. Although absolute calibration of ATL is not yet possible, relative changes due to differential uplift, erosion and cooling can be interpreted once the prevailing thermal gradient is known from NTL data. In this way, ATL indicated an uplift differential of 500 m between certain wells in the Otway Basin. The same results are confirmed by VR and AFTA data.
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