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Academic literature on the topic 'Effets des changements climatiques – Maladies – Récolte'
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Journal articles on the topic "Effets des changements climatiques – Maladies – Récolte"
Kingsley, Marianne. "Commentaire - Changements climatiques, santé et avantages connexes des espaces verts." Promotion de la santé et prévention des maladies chroniques au Canada 39, no. 4 (April 2019): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.39.4.04f.
Full textSODJINOU, Epiphane, and Saïd K. HOUNKPONOU. "Impact des changements climatiques sur les revenus des ménages agricoles au Bénin : Evidence basée sur l’application du modèle Ricardien." Annales de l’Université de Parakou - Série Sciences Naturelles et Agronomie 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.56109/aup-sna.v9i1.62.
Full textVida, Stephen. "Chaleur accablante et santé mentale : vulnérabilité des personnes avec troubles mentaux." Dossier : Santé mentale au coeur de la ville I 36, no. 2 (April 2, 2012): 97–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1008592ar.
Full textSmagulova, Fatima. "L’héritage épigénétique multigénérationnel chez l’Homme : le passé, le présent et les perspectives." Biologie Aujourd’hui 217, no. 3-4 (2023): 233–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2023032.
Full textLodouhoué, Kannayi Frédéric, Ogouwalé Romaric, Abdoulaye Djafarou, and Vissin Expédit Wilfrid. "Implications Socioéconomiques Et Environnementales Des Risques Hydro-Climatiques Dans La Bande Côtière Au Sud-Ouest Benin." International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies 34, no. 2 (October 12, 2022): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v34.2.4423.
Full textLungambo, Alex Ngangolo, Dydo Nkongolo Katolo, and Charlot Mikobi Mikobi. "Effets des dates de semis et de cultivars de <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> (L. Walp.) sur le rendement dans les conditions éco-climatiques de Kananga, Kasaï Central en République Démocratique du Congo." Revue Africaine d’Environnement et d’Agriculture 7, no. 2 (July 24, 2024): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rafea.v7i2.5.
Full textJonathan, Gniamien Kouakou, Kanga Kouakou Hermann Michel, Tra Bi Zamble Armand, and Toure Adama. "Survivance de la Riziculture Pluviale dans le Departement De Bouake : Des Anomalies Pluviometriques a L’adaptation Paysanne." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 18, no. 24 (July 31, 2022): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v18n24p131.
Full textAdereti, F. O., I. O. Ibitunde, and S. O. Adedeji. "Perception of farmers on the effect of climate change on poultry production in Osun State, Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 48, no. 4 (March 8, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v48i4.2988.
Full textFAVERDIN, P., and C. LEROUX. "Avant-propos." INRAE Productions Animales 26, no. 2 (April 16, 2013): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2013.26.2.3137.
Full textDjohy , Gildas Louis, Boni Sounon Bouko, Paulin Jésutin Dossou , Yacoubou Boni, and Jacob Afouda Yabi. "Perception et adaptation des éleveurs de bovins aux changements climatiques dans le bassin de l’Ouémé Supérieur au Bénin." Tropicultura, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/2295-8010.2135.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Effets des changements climatiques – Maladies – Récolte"
Bouhouch, Yassine. "Helminthosporiose chez l’orge : détection précoce, modélisation prédictive, deep learning et adaptation génomique de l'agent pathogène Pyrenophora teres." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024REIMS030.
Full textThis project adopts an interdisciplinary approach to address the challenges posed by net blotch, a phytopathogenic disease caused by Pyrenophora teres, affecting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) within the context of climate change. This disease is one of the most destructive, significantly reducing crop yields.In this work, a deep-learning model combining Cascade R-CNN and U-Net architectures was developed to quantify disease symptoms on barley leaves. The model achieved a 95% accuracy in lesion detection and demonstrated a particular effectiveness in identifying small, irregular lesions four days post-infection. This model was validated through classical measurements and PCR-based detection methods, providing a robust tool for automated disease management under real conditions.Additionally, a novel early detection method was developed based on k-mer analysis of P. teres genomes, leading to the design of primers and a TaqMan probe capable of detecting both P. teres f. sp. teres and P. teres f. sp. maculata before symptom onset. This detection before symptoms occurrence, validated through qPCR and ddPCR, is the first one in our knowledge. Thus, this approach represents a major breakthrough for net blotch management in barley and more largely for managing diseases in agricultural settings.In the context of climate change, projections revealed that annual mean temperature and precipitation during the coldest quarter are key factors influencing the future distribution of P. teres. Models predict a potential expansion of this pathogen to North America, Oceania, and Europe by 2040. Genomic analysis of hybrid strains showed an increased diversity of effectors and secondary metabolites, enhancing pathogen adaptabilityand virulence. Key effectors identified include Kex2, RCLR-like motifs, MoCDIP11, as well as ToxB, PIN_09941, MoCDIP8, and Nip1, highlighting the crucial role of genetic ecombination in the pathogenicity of hybrid strains.This study emphasizes the importance of integrating genomic tools, climate modeling, and biocontrol technologies to develop sustainable disease management strategies for phytopathogens in an evolving environment
Eichenlaub, Lisa. "Anticiper, comprendre et analyser les pathologies complexes et émergentes des chênes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0148.
Full textEuropean oaks (Quercus robur, pedunculate oak and Q. petraea, sessile oak) are two emblematic forest species with important ecological, economical and cultural roles. These species are essential in many ecosystems and represent respectively 11 and 12% of the volume of standing wood of deciduous trees in France. However, they are subject to biotic and abiotic disturbances, which have increased in frequency and intensity due to global changes. Declines, which are multifactorial syndromes, and diseases caused by exotic or native pathogens, have strongly affected oaks since the beginning of the 20th century. The nature of these declines, as well as the interactions between biotic and abiotic factors causing them, are not fully understood. This thesis proposes to define part of their etiology through a study of the cortical and root pathobiomes. Finally, it stresses the importance of territorial surveillance as a way to prevent the introduction of exotic pathogens, especially the threat represented by quarantine organisms. Acute Oak Decline (AOD) is currently affecting oak populations in the United-Kingdom. Mediated by abiotic factors (temperature and precipitation), AOD would be triggered by insects (mainly Agrilus biguttatus) and a complex of bacterial species. This disease perfectly illustrates the pathobiome paradigm, as the complex host-pathobiome-insect interactions are essential to its development. In order to clarify the prevalence of symptoms associated with AOD in France and the role played by bacteria in the observed declines, a study of the etiology of cortical necroses associated or not with attacks of A. biguttatus on declining oaks has been observed. The first report on the presence of bacteria Brenneria goodwinii, Gibbsiella quercinecans and Rahnella victoriana in necroses has been made on Q. robur and Q. petraea in France. However, these bacteria have been isolated less frequently in the lesions than the fungi Fusarium quercinum, F. falsibabinda, Neonectria sp., N. punicea. Moreover, their pathogenicity was confirmed by the inoculations of young oak plants. This confirms the importance of the pathobiome in the symptoms associated with AOD and suggests a significant role of fungal pathogens, which was previously underestimated. The relationships between soil microbiota and chronic oak decline were analyzed in the Chantilly Forest (Oise, France) and with a comparison approach by pair of declining and non-declining oaks, an analysis of the fungal and oomycetes diversities by metabarcoding was performed. The study revealed that the compositions mainly depend on the types of soil and the health status of the trees according to the compartment sampled (bulk soil, rhizosphere or roots). 4 Finally, to help the diagnosis and the identification of phytosanitary problems on Quercus spp. in France, an interactive tool called NESTOR (phytosaNitary survEillance and diagnoSTics of Oaks in FRance), has been developed. Inventorying the main bioaggressors and abiotic problems on oaks with this tool is intended to encourage passive surveillance of the territory by the general public and professionals and also to support the active surveillance of the territory led by the Forest Health Department of the French Ministry of Agriculture and Food in France. In 2022-2023, intensified surveillance of oak wilt disease, caused by the vascular fungus Bretziella fagacearum, was carried out by collecting samples from symptomatic trees. The isolations and diagnoses conducted during this thesis confirmed that the fungus is still absent from the territory, but that it remains important to stay vigilant about its possible introduction in France
Chemison, Alizée. "Impacts d'une déstabilisation des calottes polaires sur le climat et les maladies vectorielles au XXIème siècle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASJ007.
Full textMosquitoes, major vectors of diseases, are sensitive to rainfall which is necessary for their immature aquatic stages, and to temperature which affects their development and life cycle dynamics. Climate change can therefore impact the transmission of vector-borne diseases such as malaria, the world's major parasitic disease causing over 600,000 deaths per year, and Rift Valley Fever (RVF), a zoonotic disease decimating herds, causing health risks and catastrophic economic losses in Africa.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report provides climate scenarios for the 21st century with different standard greenhouse gas emission scenarios, named Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP). By 2080, the risk of malaria transmission is estimated to decrease in the Sahel region and to increase in the East African Plateau as a result of rising temperatures under the RCP8.5 scenario. Although paleoclimate studies show that melting ice sheet can induce abrupt climate change, state of the art IPCC future projections do not consider such a potential rapid destabilisation of polar ice sheets. However, the West Antarctic and Greenland ice sheet are vulnerable to climate change and even a partial melting would cause major climatic changes, even in tropical regions. No study has yet quantified the impact of an abrupt melting of the ice sheets on the distribution of malaria and RVF. This work is based on future climate numerical simulations using the coupled global climate model IPSL-CM5A-LR with RCP8.5 as radiative forcing. Simulations of freshwater release, corresponding to the accelerated and partial melting of the polar ice sheets, were carried out with different melting assumptions:- for Greenland, a freshwater flux equivalent to a global sea level rise of 0.5m, 1m, 1.5m and 3m is released into the North Atlantic;- for Antarctica, a quantity of freshwater equivalent to a global sea level rise of 3m is released off its western part.These continuous water inputs are prescribed from 2020 to 2070.This study showed that the oceanic and atmospheric impacts of a partial melting of Greenland are stronger on the global climate, and particularly on monsoons, than those associated with the melting of West Antarctica, probably due to the effect of the circumpolar current. Subsequently, only scenarios considering a partial melting of Greenland were used to study their impacts on malaria. Simulated and/or observed temperature and precipitation were used to drive mathematical models of malaria transmission risk. Five mathematical malaria models were used. An accelerated melting of Greenland leads to a southward shift of the American and African monsoons. Malaria risk increases in southern Africa, decreases in the Sahel and increases moderately on the East African Plateau.For the study of RVF, the Liverpool Rift Valley Fever (LVRF) model was validated at country scale by comparing simulations driven by observed daily temperatures and rainfall from climate reanalyses with different health data sets. Then, a potential correlation between simulated RVF transmission risk and the main regional climate variability modes (ENSO and DMI) is shown over the Rift African region. The model correctly reproduces RVF epidemics in Kenya, Somalia and Zambia, and to a lesser extent in Senegal and Mauritania. RVF risk increases over the epidemic areas in East Africa during the El Niño phenomenon
Adam-Poupart, Ariane. "Effets des changements climatiques sur la santé et la sécurité des travailleurs au Québec." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12101.
Full textThe impacts of climate change on human health are multiple and have been extensively studied in the general population, whereas these impacts on the working population have received little attention. In this perspective, the objective of this research is to document the negative effects of climate change on Occupational health and safety (OHS) in northern industrialized countries with a temperate climate, such as in Quebec. To achieve this goal, two approaches were used: a) exposure/hazards and potential effects of climate change on OHS were identified using a narrative review of the scientific literature validated by a working group of international and national experts and Quebec’s stakeholders, and research priorities applicable to the Quebec context were established by a consensus approach, b) statistical models, useful for quantifying the health impacts of climate change, were developed to estimate the associations between occupational illnesses, injuries and exposure to summer outdoor temperatures or tropospheric ozone, as these climate conditions are among the most preoccupying issues related to climate change in Quebec. The literature highlighted five categories of hazards that are likely to impact OHS in Quebec (heat waves/increased temperatures, air pollutants, UV radiation, extreme weather events, vector-borne/zoonotic diseases) and five conditions that could potentially affect the working environment and negatively impact the OHS (changes in agriculture/breeding methods, alterations in the fishing industry, disruptions of the forest ecosystem, deterioration of the built environment and emerging green industries). The modeled associations suggest that daily compensations for heat-related illnesses and work-related injury increase with ambient temperature, and that these relations vary according to workers age, industries and physical demand of the occupation (i.e. manual vs other type). Positive non-statistically significant associations were observed between acute respiratory problems compensations and levels of ozone. Overall, this work produced a list of twelve research topics for the Quebec context, all related to the knowledge acquisition, the surveillance of diseases or the development of adaptation strategies. According to this thesis, stakeholders and decision-makers should make effort to increase the protection of workers health and safety in the context of climate change.