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Published: 5 October 2024

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1

Guegan, Jérôme, Stéphanie Buisine, and Julie Collange. "Effet Proteus et amorçage : ces avatars qui nous influencent." Bulletin de psychologie Numéro547, no. 1 (2017): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/bupsy.547.0003.

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2

Yee, Nick, Jeremy N. Bailenson, and Nicolas Ducheneaut. "The Proteus Effect." Communication Research 36, no. 2 (January 22, 2009): 285–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093650208330254.

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3

Lourenco, Jeferson M., S. Claire Nunn, Eliza J. Lee, C. Robert Dove, Todd R. Callaway, and Michael J. Azain. "Effect of Supplemental Protease on Growth Performance and Excreta Microbiome of Broiler Chicks." Microorganisms 8, no. 4 (March 27, 2020): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8040475.

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One-day-old chicks were assigned one of four dietary treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial design in which the main effects were diet (adequate vs. low protein) and the addition of protease (0 vs. 200 g/1000 kg of feed). Chick performance (days 0–14) was recorded and their excreta were analyzed for short chain fatty acids, ammonia, and composition of the microbiota using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Birds fed the low protein diet had lower body weight gain and poorer overall feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p ≤ 0.04); however, these parameters were not affected by the inclusion of protease (p ≥ 0.27). Protease inclusion did not affect any particular bacterial genus in the excreta, but it increased the total number of observed OTUs (p = 0.04) and Faith’s phylogenetic diversity (p = 0.05). Abundance of Proteus and Acinetobacter were lower in the excreta of chicks fed the low protein diet (p = 0.01). Abundance of Bacteroides was associated with poorer FCR, while Proteus was associated with improved FCR (p ≤ 0.009). Although diet had a stronger impact than protease on chick performance, both diet and protease yielded some changes in the intestinal microbiotas of the birds.

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4

Al-Zaidi, Omar S., and Luma abd alhady Zwein. "Effect of tannic acid on urease and protease produced from Proteus mirabilis." Journal of Biotechnology Research Center 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2019.13.1.573.

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Back ground: P.mirabilis is a gram negative bacterium, motile with its peritrichous flagella .Widely distributed in environment, especially in contaminated water and soil, Many virulence factors like LPS, urease, protease, hemolysin and biofilm formation play an important roles in the pathogenicity of P. mirabilis. Urease is a Nickel containing enzyme causes elevation of urine pH after hydrolyzing urea to ammonia and CO2 forming stones that blocks the urinary track. Aims: The effect of tannic acid on the production of urease and protease. Material and methods: Twenty one isolates of Proteus were collected from different sources, Clinical and animal sources all isolates were cultured on MacConkey and blood agar and identification of P. mirabilis by, Vitek -2 compact system. Determine the effect of tannic acid on the production of urease and protease. Results: Twenty one isolates of Proteus were identified depending on Vitek-2 compact system, after identification, it turns out that only 18 isolate were P. mirabilis. All isolates were 100% able to produce urease and 72.2% isolate were able to produce protease. The addition of tannic acid showed an inhibitory effect on urease and protease production. Conclusion: The effect of tannic acid on urease and protease depending on concentration, type of strain, incubation period, number of isolates and truculence of isolate.

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5

Lahelle, O. "EFFECT OF PENICILLIN ON PROTEUS VULGARIS." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica 25, no. 4 (August 18, 2009): 519–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1948.tb00688.x.

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6

Van Der Heide, Brandon, Erin M. Schumaker, Ashley M. Peterson, and Elizabeth B. Jones. "The Proteus Effect in Dyadic Communication." Communication Research 40, no. 6 (March 2, 2012): 838–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093650212438097.

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7

Bumona Zayukua, Espérance, Joachim di M’balu Umba, Charles Nzau Kusika, Thaddée Ndyanabo Masimango, and Jean Grâce Ndongala Lufimpadio. "Contribution à l’analyse microbiologique des poulets, des chinchards (Trachurus trachurus) et des poissons salés vendus à Kinshasa en vue de la sensibilisation à la méthode ISO- 22000 :2005 HACCP." Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 42.2 (November 29, 2019): 7256–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/janmplsci.v42-2.7.

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La qualité des denrées alimentaires est devenue une préoccupation majeure pour les consommateurs des nombreux pays. En effet, ces dernières décennies, le monde a connu des cas d’encéphalopathie spongiforme bovine (ESB) au Royaume-Uni et d’autres problèmes alimentaires plus communs associés à la Salmonella, à l’Escherichia Coli enterohaemorrhagique, de tremblante du mouton, du poulet à la dioxine, de Listériose . Cette situation a amené les consommateurs avertis à exiger que les aliments qui leurs sont vendus, soient sans danger. Les surgelés comptent parmi les aliments les plus consommés dans les grandes villes de la RD Congo. Cependant, une bonne partie de ces produits subit une rupture de la chaîne de froid telle qu’elle se détériore et devient nuisible à la santé des consommateurs. Nous savons que le poisson est une denrée très périssable et nécessite le maintien en continu de la chaîne de froid. Or, les coupures de fournitures d’énergies sont récurrentes dans notre capitale. Et cela devient un dilemme pour les consommateurs kinois. Quel est l’impact de la rupture de la chaîne de froid sur la qualité de ces surgelés vendus sur les marchés de Kinshasa? Comment le consommateur kinois est-il protégé contre les dangers alimentaires de la fourche à la fourchette? L’objectif de la présente recherche basée sur les techniques d’isolements, d’identification et de dénombrement et conformément aux normes ISO spécifiques à chaque germe, est de faire une analyse microbiologique du poulet emballé, déballé et découpé, du poisson chinchard sorti du carton, exposé sur les étals et du poisson salé local, importé et poisson du fleuve Congo vendus sur quelques marchés de Kinshasa, étudier les enjeux de la sécurité sanitaire par la méthode ISO-22000 :2005 - HACCP et proposer à l’autorité publique l’application de ces principes d’assainissement, de les vulgariser et renforcer les mesures d’hygiène alimentaire dans les grandes agglomérations du pays au profit de la santé publique (accumulation de déchets dans les rues et congestion des égouts) et lutter contre les toxi-infections alimentaires collectives (TIAC). Il ressort de notre analyse que la fréquence de contamination de micro-organismes, les Proteus arrivent en tête avec 63%, suivis des Klebsiella 41 %, les Escherichia coli 21%, les Citrobacters et Enterobacters 20 % et Salmonella spp.et Shigella 8%. ABSTRACT Food quality has become a major concern for consumers in many countries. Indeed, in recent decades, the world has experienced cases of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in the United Kingdom and other more common nutritional problems associated with Salmonella, enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli, scrapie, chicken with dioxin, listeriosis. This situation has led savvy consumers to demand that the food sold to them be safe. Frozen foods are among the most consumed foods in the big cities of DR Congo. However, a good part of these products undergo a break in the cold chain as it deteriorates and becomes harmful to the health of consumers. We know that fish is a very perishable commodity and requires the continuous maintenance of the cold chain. However, cuts in energy supplies are recurrent in our capital. And this becomes a dilemma for Kinshasa consumers. What is the impact of the break in the cold chain on the quality of these frozen foods sold in the Kinshasa markets? The objective of this research, based on isolation, identification and enumeration techniques and in accordance with the ISO standards specific to each germ, is to perform a microbiological analysis of the packaged, unpacked and cut chicken of the horse mackerel cardboard, exposed on stalls and local salted fish, imported and Congo River fish sold on some markets of Kinshasa, study the stakes of the safety by the method ISO-22000: 2005 - HACCP and propose to the public authority the application of these principles of sanitation, to popularize them and to reinforce food hygiene measures in the large agglomerations of the country for the benefit of public health (accumulation of waste on the streets and sewer congestion) and to combat the toxicities Collective food infections (TIAC). This study analysis shows that the frequency of contamination of micro-organisms, Proteus, top with 63%, followed by Klebsiella 41%, Escherichia coli 21%, Citrobacters and Enterobacters 20% and Salmonella spp. And Shigella 8%.

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Fontan, Lorena, John Hatcher, David Scott, Qi Qiao, Ilkay Us, Guangyan Du, Matthew Durant, et al. "Chemically Induced Degradation of MALT1 to Treat B-Cell Lymphomas." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 2073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-130666.

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MALT1 is a protease and scaffold protein involved in signal transduction to NF-κB downstream of several receptors including B-cell (BCR) and T-cell receptors (TCR). MALT1 is aberrantly activated in ABC DLBCL by mutations in upstream genes in the BCR and TLR pathways (CD79A/B, CARD11, MYD88) and is critical for proliferation and survival. Recent studies by our lab, and others, identified inhibitors of MALT1 protease activity that revealed MALT1 is therapeutically targetable in ABC DLBCL. MALT1 is also essential for CLL, MCL and certain solid tumors (most notably lung cancer and glioblastoma). A first-in-man clinical trial recently started to evaluate MALT1 protease inhibition in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. However, chronic inactivation of MALT1 protease activity suppressed T regulatory cells in vivo in protease dead murine models causing fast progressing autoimmune disease and death. Loss of MALT1, on the other hand, has also potent anti-tumoral effects but does not lead to autoimmunity in murine models. These findings prompted us to study alternative MALT1 targeting therapeutic approaches aimed to target its scaffolding activity. We have developed a series of proteolytic targeting chimera (PROTAC) compounds against MALT1. PROTACs are bifunctional compounds that induce selective proteolysis by targeting proteins of interest to E3 ligases for directed proteosomal degradation. Our MALT1 PROTACs are based on an allosteric MALT1 inhibitor that binds reversibly to MALT1 and fused to a Cereblon (CRBN) binding moiety, with the intent of bringing the CRBN E3 ligase complex in close proximity of MALT1 and promoting its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. We performed structure-activity relationship analysis and studied: 1) three linker attachment points in the MALT1 binding moiety and evaluated their MALT1 enzymatic inhibitory activity and binding to MALT1; 2) the effect of distinct linker length and polarity in MALT1 degradation and, 3) compared the effect of Lenalidomide, Pomalidomide and CC-220, which have increasing CRBN affinities, as alternative CRBN-binding moieties. Six out of eighteen compounds presented higher than 50% MALT1 degradation at 1 μM compared to vehicle treated cells in a MALT1-dependent cell line, OCI-Ly3. The parental allosteric compound, on the other hand, did not affect MALT1 levels compared to vehicle treated cells and was used as a negative control for MALT1 degradation. Compounds that actively degraded MALT1 over 50% preserved selective killing of ABC DLBCL over GCB DLBCL, same as the parental MALT1 inhibitor. GI50 of active compounds in OCI-Ly3 was 2-6 μM while it was greater than 20 μM for the MALT1-independent cell line OCI-Ly1. We chose two of our most effective and selective compounds to validate MALT1 PROTACs mechanism of action. Unlike their parental MALT1 targeting allosteric compound, MALT1 PROTACs effectively degraded MALT1 in a CRBN-dependent manner as shown in a 293T-CRBN knockout cell line or in OCI-Ly3 cells by treatment with 1 μM MLN4924. MLN4924 inhibits NEDD8-activating enzyme which is essential for the CRBN complex to function. Notably, MALT1 PROTACs degraded MALT1 in OCI-Ly1 cells (FC=-2.5) and Raji cells (FC=-1.7), where MALT1 is inactive. MALT1 degradation by PROTACs was not affected by activation in Raji cells, since PMA/ionomycin treatment did not alter the effect of MALT1 PROTACs on MALT1 levels. Therefore, MALT1 PROTACs can degrade MALT1 independent of its activation state. Moreover, unlike MALT1 protease inhibitors, MALT1 PROTACs potently suppress NF-κB activation, which is dependent on MALT1 scaffolding activity, as assessed by WB of phopho and total IκB in ABC DLBCL cell lines. Our data shows that MALT1 PROTACs could be excellent agents for the treatment of ABC DLBCL and other lymphomas, providing an alternative to enzymatic targeting that might prove useful to avoid autoimmunity or overcome resistance mechanisms. Disclosures Gray: Gatekeeper, Syros, Petra, C4, B2S and Soltego.: Equity Ownership; Novartis, Takeda, Astellas, Taiho, Janssen, Kinogen, Voronoi, Her2llc, Deerfield and Sanofi.: Equity Ownership, Research Funding. Melnick:Constellation: Consultancy; Janssen: Research Funding; Epizyme: Consultancy.

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9

Yee, Nick, and Jeremy Bailenson. "The Proteus Effect: The Effect of Transformed Self-Representation on Behavior." Human Communication Research 33, no. 3 (July 2007): 271–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2007.00299.x.

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10

Yourassowsky, E., M. P. Van der Linden, and F. Crokaert. "Antibacterial effect of meropenem and imipenem on Proteus mirabilis." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 26, no. 2 (1990): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/26.2.185.

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11

GÖKÇEK, Cemil Kaya, Tamás SZABÓ, and Cüneyt SUZER. "Effect of different protein sources on protease activity of northern pike, Esox lucius Linneaus 1758, juvenile." Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 37, no. 2 (June 15, 2020): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.37.2.03.

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The aim of the study is to determine the inhibitory effect of different protein sources on protease activity of Northern pike, E. Lucius, during larval ontogeny. For this purpose, Northern pike were fed from yolk sac absorption until 21 days after hatching (DAH). At that point, larvae were sampled on 7, 14 and 21 DAH days and the activity of enzyme was analyzed in vitro. In the study, two different fish meal, chicken meal, krill meal, corn gluten, soybean protein concentrate, soybean meal and dried distillers grains with solubles were tested. Fish meal-I showed the lowest effect (7.53 %) on 7 DAH larvae. Moreover, chicken meal has the highest inhibitory effect on the proteases in the first week (68.27%). In the following period (DAH 14), although the inhibition ratio dramatically increased in all ingredients, fish meal-I has still the lowest effect on proteolytic activity (55.66%). In the same period, the highest effect was obtained from krill (82.28 %) and chicken meals (86.73 %), respectively. Then, there was no statistical difference between fish meal-I, fish meal-II and corn gluten in the 21 DAH and relatively lower than the others (p>0.05). Additionally, chicken meal again has the highest effect on juveniles with the ratio 89.27 %. As a result, the increase of proteolytic activity was notably increased in 7-14-21 DAH, however, it is concluded that feeding larvae and juveniles with live prey is still suggested to get better result for such a carnivorous species culture.

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12

Qurrotuaini, Salwa Putri, Nurul Wiqoyah, and Arifa Mustika. "Antimicrobial Activity of Ethanol Extract of Centella asiatica Leaves on Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, and Yersinia enterocolitica in vitro." Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences 6, no. 3 (November 2, 2022): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.21705/mcbs.v6i3.266.

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Background: Centella asiatica leaves ethanol extract (CALEE) has higher concentration compared to other structures within the plant. The extract contains alkaloids, saponins and flavonoids, which play an active role as antioxidant and antibacterial. Current study aimed to determine the effect of CALEE on Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, and Yersinia enterocolitica, Gram-negative bacteria that cause diarrhea. Materials and methods: Simplicia of C. asiatica leaves was dissolved in 96% ethanol and macerated to get condensed extract, which then produced a concentration of 1 g/mL. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined to assess the effectiveness of CALEE on P. mirabilis, P. vulgaris, and Y. enterocolitica. MIC was determined through serial dilution test with Mueller Hinton broth media. After incubation, the bacteria were streaked on nutrient agar or McConkey agar to determine the MBC. Results: The MIC value of CALEE could not be determined since the color of CALEE was dark, hence the turbidity could not be compared. CALEE had the same MBC value (0.25 g/mL) in all bacteria species used in this study. Conclusion: CALEE is effective against Gram-negative bacteria, such as P. mirabilis, P. vulgaris, and Y. enterocolitica. Further research is needed, especially in vivo experiments and evaluation of the cytotoxicity effect of CALEE. Keywords: Centella asiatica, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Yersinia enterocolitica, antibacterial

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13

Zakei Alhaso, Mahmoud. "Morphological effect of Ceftriaxone on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis." JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE 22, no. 2 (June 1, 2009): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33899/edusj.2009.57659.

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Lisker, Rubén. "The Proteus effect Stem cells and their promise for medicine." Journal of Clinical Investigation 115, no. 7 (July 1, 2005): 1679. http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci25763.

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15

K?opocka, W., and M. J. R?dowicz. "Effect of Rho family GTP-binding proteins on Amoeba proteus." Protoplasma 220, no. 3-4 (March 1, 2003): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00709-002-0040-9.

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16

Azi, Alaeddine Ahmed, Djamel Saigaa, Mahmoud Drif, and Abdelouadoud Loukriz. "Development of generalized photovoltaic model using ISIS-PROTEUS." STUDIES IN ENGINEERING AND EXACT SCIENCES 5, no. 2 (July 8, 2024): e5546. http://dx.doi.org/10.54021/seesv5n2-015.

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Photovoltaic (PV) energy is a form of renewable energy that generates electricity from sunlight. PV systems consist of solar cells, which convert sunlight into electricity using a process known as the photovoltaic effect. Modeling and simulating PV systems involves using mathematical and computational models to predict the behavior and performance of PV systems under various conditions. This can include modeling the electrical characteristics of solar cells, as well as the interactions between multiple cells in a PV module or system. Following this sense, we present in this work a novel implementation of a generalized PV model using ISIS Proteus software. Proteus is layout software for electronic circuit simulation, schematic capture and PCB design. Some studies have indeed taken this context to model the PV modules either by using a Proteus Spice model of the photovoltaic panel without including the effect of climatic conditions variation, or by using pure mathematical relations that describe all physical and environmental parameters which will lead to a static behavior. The developed model in this paper as it is generalized, can be typically used as a PV cell, module even a generator for a complete simulation of a PV system. PV cell, which is the elementary component of PV system, is modeled using the single diode equivalent circuit (SDM) also known as five-parameter model and its behavior is simulated in details. The most advantage in our study is the fact that the PV output can be obtained wherever what solar radiation and ambient temperature where PV module is operating. Our model gives also the possibility to simulate a dynamic behavior under any climatic conditions. The accuracy between obtained results of simulation and the experimental data confirm the reliability and the high performance of the developed model.

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17

Stickler, David J., and Gwennan L. Jones. "Reduced Susceptibility of Proteus mirabilis to Triclosan." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 52, no. 3 (January 7, 2008): 991–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01094-07.

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ABSTRACT Clinical isolates of Proteus mirabilis causing catheter encrustation and blockage are susceptible to the biocide triclosan (MICs of 0.2 mg/liter). Studies with laboratory models of the bladder have demonstrated that the inflation of catheter retention balloons with triclosan solutions rather than water results in the diffusion of triclosan from the balloons into the surrounding urine and the inhibition of catheter encrustation by P. mirabilis. The aim of this study was to test whether the exposure of P. mirabilis to triclosan under laboratory conditions resulted in the selection of strains with reduced susceptibilities to this biocide. Exposure to triclosan in agar was shown to select mutants with MICs elevated from 0.2 mg/liter up to 80 mg/liter. In a selection of 14 of these strains, the decreased susceptibility was found to be stable and not associated with increased resistance to antibiotics. Experiments with the laboratory models demonstrated that inflation of the catheter balloons with triclosan (10 mg/ml) prevented encrustation and blockage by the parent strain P. mirabilis B2 (MIC, 0.2 mg/liter) and the mutant strain M48 (MIC, 2.0 mg/liter) but had no effect on crystalline biofilm formation by strain M55 (MIC, 40 mg/liter). These results suggest that, in any clinical trial or subsequent clinical use of the strategy, it will be important to monitor the urinary flora of the catheterized patients for P. mirabilis strains with reduced susceptibility to triclosan. The emergence of these strains could undermine the ability of the triclosan strategy to control catheter encrustation.

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18

Borzilov, A. I., O. V. Korobova, T. I. Kombarova, V. P. Myakinina, V. M. Krasilnikova, V. V. Verevkin, E. A. Ganina, and N. V. Volozhantsev. "Effectiveness of bacteriophage Pm3 and ciprofloxacin in treating experimental proteus infections in mice." Bacteriology 5, no. 1 (2020): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/2500-1027-2020-1-14-24.

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In recent years, bacteriophages have been widely used to prevent and to treat various bacterial infections in humans. Lytic phages are often the only effective tool to combat multi-antibiotic resistant microorganisms. The high specificity of the bacteriophages allows avoiding negative effects on the human microbiome, making them more therapeutically attractive compared to broad-spectrum antibacterials. In our work, we evaluated therapeutic and prophylactic effects of bacteriophage Pm3 by using two models of Proteus-associated infection in mice, lethal sepsis and skin burn wound infection. Our results showed that a single preventive intraperitoneal administration of the phage at 108 PFU saved 90% of animals infected with a lethal dose of Proteus mirabilis M32. The course treatment of generalized Proteus infection initiated 1.5 hours after infection protected 80% of mice from death and was comparable to antibiotic therapy (90% therapeutic effect). Parenteral and external use of bacteriophage Pm3 for treating Proteus infection of burns showed a weak therapeutic effect manifested as decreased contamination of the wound surface with P. mirabilis M32 cells and prevention of infection invasion in some animals. Ciprofloxacin applied as a wound irrigation solution or subcutaneously gave a pronounced therapeutic effect: the wound surface and deep skin layers were sanitized in 100% of cases, and Proteus culture in the spleen and kidneys of the animals was absent. Thus, in vivo antibacterial activity of bacteriophage Pm3 was close to that of ciprofloxacin, but in preventing and treating Proteus-associated sepsis only. The phage is low effective in treating burn Proteus infection. Ciprofloxacin is highly effective in treating both Proteus-associated sepsis and skin thermal wound infections caused by P. mirabilis M32 in mice. Keywords: Proteus mirabilis, Proteus infection, sepsis, burn infection, mouse model, bacteriophage, phage therapy, ciprofloxacin

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Onaolapo, J. A., and R. M. M. Klemperer. "Effect of R-plasmid RP1 on Surface Hydrophobicity of Proteus mirabilis." Microbiology 132, no. 12 (December 1, 1986): 3303–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00221287-132-12-3303.

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20

Stavropoulos, Vasileios, Halley M. Pontes, Rapson Gomez, Bruno Schivinski, and Mark Griffiths. "Proteus Effect Profiles: how Do they Relate with Disordered Gaming Behaviours?" Psychiatric Quarterly 91, no. 3 (March 6, 2020): 615–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11126-020-09727-4.

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Deetae, Pawinee, Anne Saint-Eve, Henry E. Spinnler, and Sandra Helinck. "Critical effect of oxygen on aroma compound production by Proteus vulgaris." Food Chemistry 126, no. 1 (May 2011): 134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.10.089.

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22

Hein, Kaiden, Tyrone L. Burleigh, Angela Gorman, Maria Prokofieva, and Vasilis Stavropoulos. "Proteus effect avatar profiles: Associations with disordered gaming and activity levels." Addictive Behaviors Reports 20 (December 2024): 100562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100562.

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23

Alamuri, Praveen, Kathryn A. Eaton, Stephanie D. Himpsl, Sara N. Smith, and Harry L. T. Mobley. "Vaccination with Proteus Toxic Agglutinin, a Hemolysin-Independent Cytotoxin In Vivo, Protects against Proteus mirabilis Urinary Tract Infection." Infection and Immunity 77, no. 2 (November 24, 2008): 632–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01050-08.

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ABSTRACT Complicated urinary tract infections (UTI) caused by Proteus mirabilis are associated with severe pathology in the bladder and kidney. To investigate the roles of two established cytotoxins, the HpmA hemolysin, a secreted cytotoxin, and proteus toxic agglutinin (Pta), a surface-associated cytotoxin, mutant analysis was used in conjunction with a mouse model of ascending UTI. Inactivation of pta, but not inactivation of hpmA, resulted in significant decreases in the bacterial loads of the mutant in kidneys (P < 0.01) and spleens (P < 0.05) compared to the bacterial loads of the wild type; the 50% infective dose (ID50) of an isogenic pta mutant or hpmA pta double mutant was 100-fold higher (5 × 108 CFU) than the ID50 of parent strain HI4320 (5 × 106 CFU). Colonization by the parent strain caused severe cystitis and interstitial nephritis as determined by histopathological examination. Mice infected with the same bacterial load of the hpmA pta double mutant showed significantly reduced pathology (P < 0.01), suggesting that the additive effect of these two cytotoxins is critical during Proteus infection. Since Pta is surface associated and important for the persistence of P. mirabilis in the host, it was selected as a vaccine candidate. Mice intranasally vaccinated with a site-directed (indicated by an asterisk) (S366A) mutant purified intact toxin (Pta*) or the passenger domain Pta-α*, each independently conjugated with cholera toxin (CT), had significantly lower bacterial counts in their kidneys ( P = 0.001) and spleens (P = 0.002) than mice that received CT alone. The serum immunoglobulin G levels correlated with protection (P = 0.03). This is the first report describing the in vivo cytotoxicity and antigenicity of an autotransporter in P. mirabilis and its use in vaccine development.

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Ryazanova, L. P., L. A. Ledova, N. V. Tsurikova, O. A. Stepnaya, A. P. Sinitsyn, and I. S. Kulaev. "Effect of the Proteolytic Enzymes of Bacillus licheniformis and the Lysoamidase of Lysobacter sp. XL1 on Proteus vulgaris and Proteus mirabilis Cells." Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology 41, no. 5 (September 2005): 490–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10438-005-0088-3.

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25

Hamzah Ibrahim, Hayder, Naeem Rahman aljeburi, Muna Sabbar Jebar, Mustafa Ali Gayeb, Saher Saleh Mahdi, Hadeer Ali Kudder, and Marwa Majed Naseer. "Effect of sub MIC for Imipenem, Amikacin and Cefixime on Growth and Swarming of Proteus mirabilis." Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 12, no. 4 (December 30, 2018): 2241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.12.4.63.

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Al-Kadhim Aud, Lina Abd, Dr Mohanad Jawad Kadhim, and Laith A. Yaaqoob. "The Effect of Zinc Oxide and Silver Nanoparticles on rsmA and rsbA Expression in Proteus Mirabilis." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Bio-Medical Science 03, no. 06 (June 30, 2023): 288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijpbms/v3-i6-07.

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This study investigated the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the expression of the rsmA and rsbA genes in multi-drug resistant Proteus mirabilis. The nanoparticles were synthesized using the cell-free supernatant of P. mirabilis. Gene expression levels were quantified using quantitative Reverse Transcription Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) technique. The results showed that the expression of the rsmA gene was significantly downregulated in P. mirabilis isolates treated with ZnO-NPs, AgNPs, and Ag-ZnO-NPs compared to the control untreated isolate. The fold change values for gene expression were 18.32, 7.73, and 1.64 for ZnO-NPs, AgNPs, and Ag-ZnO-NPs, respectively. Similar downregulation of the rsmA gene has been observed in other bacterial species treated with silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles. Additionally, the expression of the rsbA gene was significantly downregulated in P. mirabilis treated with ZnO-NPs and AgNPs, while Ag-ZnO-NPs did not show a significant effect on rsbA gene expression. These findings suggest that ZnO-NPs and AgNPs have potential as antimicrobial agents by regulating gene expression in P. mirabilis.

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Airlangga, Gegana Wimaldy, Sruti Listra Adrenalin, and Indah Amalia Amri. "Pengaruh Madu pada Aktivitas Pertumbuhan Bakteri Saluran Pencernaan Mencit (Mus musculus) yang Diinduksi Perak Nitrat." Indonesia Medicus Veterinus 11, no. 6 (November 30, 2022): 855–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.19087/imv.2022.11.6.855.

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Madu digunakan sebagai makanan dan terapi herbal bagi manusia. Madu memiliki beberapa kandungan gula dan salah satunya yaitu oligosakarida. Aktivitas oligosakarida dari madu dapat memengaruhi bakteri saluran pencernaan seperti Escherichia coli, Salmonela, Shigella, dan Proteus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas madu pada mencit (Mus musculus) yang diinduksi perak nitrat. Penelitian terdiri dari empat kelompok perlakuan yang antara lain kontrol negatif, perlakuan madu, perlakuan perak nitrat, dan perlakuan madu dan perak nitrat. Dosis madu yang diberikan yaitu 0.08 mL/20 gram dan perak nitrat yang diberikan dengan dosis 400 g/mL. Pemeriksaan bakteri saluran cerna menggunakan metode konvensional dengan media selektif dan diferensial yaitu MacConkay Agar dan Eosin Methylen Blue Agar. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah interpretasi dari perubahan media MacConkay Agar dan Eosin Methylen Blue Agar. Pemberian madu dan perak nitrat menunjukkan adanya perbedaan pertumbuhan antara Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, dan Proteus.

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Savini, Vincenzo, Chiara Catavitello, Marzia Talia, Fabio Di Berardino, Assunta Manna, Andrea Balbinot, Fabio Febbo, et al. "Ulcer Infection by ESβL-Producing Proteus mirabilis: A Case Report." International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds 7, no. 2 (May 14, 2008): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534734608316107.

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In this article, a case of decubitus ulcer infection caused by an extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Proteus mirabilis strain, successfully treated with oral amoxicillin-clavulanate (1-month therapy) is described. This article focuses on diffusion and clinical effect of extended-spectrum β-lactamases-producing Proteus mirabilis on treatment of gram negative lower extremity infections.

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AL-Kalifawi, E. J. "Study the Antimicrobial effect of Kombucha tea on bacteria isolated from Diabetic foot ulcer." Journal of Biotechnology Research Center 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2014.8.4.375.

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The study was conducted from January to March 2012. In this study colorimetric VITEK-2 Compact system used for its accuracy and rapidity to identify isolates and to detect several antimicrobial resistances.The study also investigate the antibacterial effect of Kombucha tea on isolated bacteria from diabetic foot ulcer. The bacteria isolated were eight gram negative bacteria, namely, Acinetobacter baumannii 3 (2%), Enterobacter cloacae 5 (4%), Escherichia coli 13 (10%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 7 (6%), Citrobacter spp. 4 (3%), Proteus mirabilis 3 (2%), Proteus vulgaris 3 (2%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 44 (35%). Four gram positive bacterium, Enterococcus faecalis 6 (5%), Staphylococcus aureus 17 (13%), Staphylococcus epidermidis 13 (10%) and Streptococcus spp. 9 (8%). The antimicrobial activities of antibiotics showed that, all isolates are sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin and Ofloxacin. The resistance to other types of antimicrobial differ with different isolate. The effect of Kombucha tea on all isolates wasclear at 7days of incubation; the diameter of inhibition was 6mm for Acinetobacter baumannii, Proteus vulgaris and Enterococcus faecalis. 7mm for Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter spp., Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus spp. 8mm for Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The maximum activity of fermented tea was recorded at 14days incubation of Kombucha organism against all isolates, the diameter of inhibition was 21mm for Acinetobacter baumannii, 24mm for Enterobacter cloacae, 23mm for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus spp., 16mm for Klebsiella pneumoniae, 22mm for Citrobacter spp. and Enterococcus faecalis, 25mm for Proteus mirabilis and Staphylococcus aureus, 20mm for Proteus vulgaris, 26mm for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antibacterial activity of Kombucha tea decrease with increase incubation periods28 days.

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Su, Wei Yi, and Guang Li. "Zero Crossing Point Phase Detector Simulation Based on PROTEUS." Advanced Materials Research 1003 (July 2014): 177–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1003.177.

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This paper designed a kind of phase D-value measuring system based on microchip MCU, which adopted the multi-cycles measuring algorithm to improve the accuracy. This system used the zero crossing point phase detector, hardware and software passed the computer simulation based on PROTEUS and MPLAB, the measuring accuracy satisfied the design requirements, this design thought was successfully applied to smart grid access devices. The simulation and practical results show that compared with the traditional products, the phase D-value measuring system based on microchip MCU has a simple circuit, low power consumption, good real-time, high precision and a wide range of applications, it is easy to implement. In the actual product development, the use of assembly language programming has the better effect than c language programming, and the physical simulation is superior to the software simulation.

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Al-Rawi, Ameera, and Rasha Al-Sadoon. "Effect of germ Proteus mirabilis on stimulation of crystallization in human blood." JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE 20, no. 1 (September 1, 2007): 511–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33899/edusj.2007.162836.

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Downer, A., N. Morris, W. J. Feast, and D. Stickler. "Polymer surface properties and their effect on the adhesion of Proteus mirabilis." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 217, no. 4 (April 1, 2003): 279–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095441103322060730.

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A problem encountered in patients undergoing long-term catheterization of the urinary tract is that of encrustation and blockage of the catheter by crystalline bacterial biofilms. This is principally caused by the action of the urease-producing pathogen Proteus mirabilis. A major aim of this work is to develop materials resistant to encrustation. Here, the effects of polymer surface properties on the adhesion of P. mirabilis are examined. Spin-coated polymer films were characterized through contact angle measurements to give the Lifschitz-van der Waals, electron acceptor and electron donor terms of the surface free energy, γsLW, γs+ and γs− respectively. A parallel-plate flow cell was used to assess adhesion to these polymer films of P. mirabilis suspended in an aqueous phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, ionic strength 0.26 mol/kg. P. mirabilis was found to adhere significantly less ( p<0.02) to films of agarose, poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) and cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol) than to more hydrophobic materials. These polymer films were found to be strongly electron donating, i.e. possessing large γs−. Films examined using scanning electron microscopy mostly showed no evidence of roughness down to a scale of 1–10 μm. The better performance is thought to be due to a repulsive interaction with the bacterial surface caused by acid/base-type interactions.

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Tsuchida, Yuta, Shinichi Masui, and Yusuke Katai. "Effect of Agrichemicals on a Predatory Bug, Geocoris proteus Distant (Heteroptera: Geocoridae)." Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 57, no. 1 (2013): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2013.43.

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Ng, I.-Son, Chiming Ye, Yuzhe Li, and Bor-Yann Chen. "Insights into copper effect on Proteus hauseri through proteomic and metabolic analyses." Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 121, no. 2 (February 2016): 178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2015.06.011.

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Adole, Tracy. "Antibacterial Effect of Crab Shell Extract on Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis." IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences 1, no. 1 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/3008-0110106.

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Ryad, Ahmed, and Abdelhalim A Zekry. "A New Proteus Model to Analyse Shading Effect on PV Standalone System." International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Business Sciences 4, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ijaebs.2023.161581.1039.

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Poleac, Gabriela. "Rethinking The Proteus Effect – Can our digital personas influence our offline selves?" Technium Social Sciences Journal 51 (November 8, 2023): 150–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v50i1.9767.

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This paper seeks to clarify the notable phenomena known as the Proteus effect. This phenomena clarifies the ability of avatar characteristics within digital gaming environments to have a noticeable impact on people’s actions in the real world. The research question that informs the conceptual framework put forward in this academic discourse is the following: if the Proteus effect is clearly perceptible among members of online gaming communities, might it not possibly also apply to users of social networking platforms? The study will use an example from the science fiction anthology series “Black Mirror” to explain and support this theoretical claim. It is hypothesised that once people create a social media presence, they start creating a digital identity or “avatar”, the development of which has the potential to have a substantial impact on their behaviour in real life. The Proteus effect’s plausible expansion outside of the online gaming industry, where it was first documented, is the main hypothesis that this paper seeks to clarify through the use of a hypothetical scenario taken from modern cinematic narratives. This article’s hypothesis imagines a future in which people eventually become like their digital avatars, leading to a time when real people resemble their virtual counterparts.

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Salih, N. A. "Antibacterial effect of nettle (Urtica dioica)." Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Veterinary Medicine Sciences 13, no. 1 (June 30, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.29079/vol13iss1art270.

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The antibacterial activity of aqueous and 95% ethanol extracts of nettle leaf was tested against some Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria isolated from hospitalized patients by the agar well diffusion method. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Bacillus Subtillus, Proteus spp. Salmonella spp. and Pseudomonas spp. were used. The results indicate that both extracts showed different antibacterial activities which were in favor of ethanolic extract because of more solubility of active ingredient in ethanol than in water. Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus Subtillus, and Salmonella spp. showed the highest susceptibility to nettle extracts antibacterial effect, while E coli, Pseudomonas and Proteus were less susceptible. The only clear resistant bacteria isolate was Klebsiella spp.

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Jaber, Aseel Hussein, and Suaad A. Fazaa Almiyah. "Genetic and Morphological Effects of Lactobacillus Acidophillus on Some Virulence Factors of Proteus Mirabilis That Isolated From Diabetic Foot Ulcers." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 645–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22166645.

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The current study have been included 250 samples diabetic foot ulcer patients attending in Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital and private clinics at a period of study from beginning October 2021 to February 2022, Isolates were identified by morphological form on blood agar and macConkey agar, traditional biochemical tests,then confirmed by Vitek 2 system and PCR was performed using a specific primer (16SrRNA) to identify the genus Proteus and distinguish it from the other Enterobacteria and bacteria. Has been studied of the morphological and genetic inhibitory effect of probiotics on p. mirabilis and the results showed that Lactobacillus filters were more effective in the inhibitory effect on p. isolates mirabilis. Molecular study demonstrated the effect of LAB on virulence factors through the disappearance of some bands during electrophoresis. The number of bundles in the molecular study of virulence factors (ureR, zapA, flaA, hmpA) decreased after treatment of Proteus terrestris with lactobacillus acidophillus. Keywords: Proteus mirabilis, diabetes foot ulcers, Probiotic. Research aims: We focus on knowing the phenotypic and genetic effect of probiotics on some virulence factors of Proteus mirabilis isolated from diabetic foot ulcers in Al-Diwaniyah Governorate.

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Saleh Jalil, Idriss, Sarmad Qassim Mohammad, Abdullah Khazal Mohsen, and Bahaa Abdullah Laftaah Al-Rubaii. "Inhibitory activity of Mentha spicata oils on biofilms of Proteus mirabilis isolated from burns." Biomedicine 43, no. 02 (May 26, 2023): 748–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.51248/.v43i02.2699.

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Introduction and Aim: Proteus mirabilis is an opportunistic pathogen, infecting humans, through the release of endotoxins and enzymes such as urease, hemolysin, protease, DNase etc. One of the factors contributing to its virulence is its unusual ability to form crystalline biofilms. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Mentha spicata volatile oil on P. mirabilis biofilm formation. Materials and Methods: P. mirabilis was isolated from infected wound of burns of patients using conventional biochemical tests. Vitek 2-Compact System was used to confirm the diagnosis of bacterial isolates. The isolates were tested for their susceptibility to 11 antibiotics. Aqueous and alcoholic extracts as well as Volatile Oil and natural Menthol extracted from M. spicata were tested for their ability to inhibit biofilm formation by P. mirabilis. Results: In this study 16 out of the 45 burn injury samples were tested positive for P. mirabilis. Bacterial isolates were found to be resistant to the drugs Levofloxacin and Norfloxacin, with percentages of 10.2% and 11.8%, respectively. Majority of these isolates had the capacity to produce several virulence factors, including biofilm in variable amounts and the enzymes protease, hemolysin, DNase, and gelatinase. The volatile oil and natural component menthol extracted from M. spicata inhibited the formation of biofilm at increasing concentrations. Conclusion: The volatile oil and the natural menthol compound of M. spicata are effective in inhibiting biofilm formation by P. mirabilis.

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Matsun, Matsun, Boisandi Boisandi, Ira Nofita Sari, Soka Hadiati, and Sy Lukman Hakim. "Use of Arduino Microcontroller and Proteus Software in Physics Lesson in Review of Mathematics Ability and Critical Thinking Skills." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 7, SpecialIssue (November 21, 2021): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v7ispecialissue.916.

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This study aims to determine the effect and interaction of the use of learning media, mathematical abilities, and critical thinking skills on student achievement. The design of this research is experimental. Data were analyzed using a three-way ANOVA analysis of variance. The results showed: 1) there was an effect of cognitive and affective learning achievement of students who were given learning using Arduino microcontroller and Proteus software, but there was no effect on psychomotor learning achievement; 2) there is an effect of cognitive learning achievement of students who have high and low mathematical abilities, but there is no effect on affective and psychomotor learning achievement; 3) there is no effect on cognitive and affective learning achievement of students who have high and low critical thinking skills, but there is an effect on psychomotor learning achievement; 4) there is no interaction between the inquiry model using Arduino microcontroller and Proteus software with mathematical ability on students' cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning achievement; 5) there is no interaction between the inquiry model using Arduino microcontroller and Proteus software with critical thinking skills on student cognitive and psychomotor learning achievement, but there is an interaction on student affective learning achievement; 6) there is no interaction between mathematical ability and critical thinking skills on student achievement; 7) there is no interaction between the inquiry model using Arduino microcontroller and Proteus software, mathematical ability, thinking skills on student achievement.

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Gong, Z. L., F. Bai, D. Ng’ambi, X. L. Shi, and H. Cao. "Effect of extracellular conditions on diarrheal Proteus mirabilis in vitro: a preliminary study on virulence of Proteus mirabilis from a food poisoning in Shenzhen, China." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 73 (August 2018): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.3680.

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Echeverrigaray, Sergio, Lessandra Michelim, Ana Longaray Delamare, Cristiane Andrade, Sérgio Pinto da Costa, and Jucimar Zacaria. "The Effect of Monoterpenes on Swarming Differentiation and Haemolysin Activity in Proteus mirabilis." Molecules 13, no. 12 (December 15, 2008): 3107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules13123107.

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BIAN, Yulong, Lei HAN, Chao ZHOU, Yingmin CHEN, and Fengqiang GAO. "The Proteus Effect in Virtual Reality Social Environments: Influence of Situation and Shyness." Acta Psychologica Sinica 47, no. 3 (2015): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1041.2015.00363.

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Sosa, Vanessa, and Pablo Zunino. "Effect of Ibicella lutea on uropathogenic Proteus mirabilis growth, virulence, and biofilm formation." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 3, no. 10 (November 5, 2009): 762–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.232.

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Background: Proteus mirabilis, an important uropathogen that can cause complicated urinary tract infections (UTI), has emerged as a therapeutic problem following mutations that compromise the use of antimicrobial drugs. Due to the serious effects associated with uropathogenic P. mirabilis and the problems related to the use of antibiotics, it is necessary to develop alternative strategies for its control. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of Ibicella lutea extract, a South American indigenous plant, on growth, virulence and biofilm production of uropathogenic P. mirabilis. Methodology: This study was based on the extract generation and the assessment of its effect on bacterial features related to virulence. These assays involved determination of antibacterial activity, swarming motility, Western blot to assess expression of fimbriae and flagella, biofilms formation, haemagglutination, haemolysis, and electron microscopy. Results and Conclusions: I. lutea extract had an effect on bacterial growth rate and bacterial morphology. It also affected P. mirabilis swarming differentiation, hemagglutination and biofilm formation on glass and polystyrene. These findings suggest that I. lutea may have a role as an agent for the control of P. mirabilis UTI.

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Sinan Sadiq, Omar, and Luma Abd Alhadee. "The Effect of Tannic Acid on Swimming and Swarming Motility of Proteus mirabilis." Diyala Journal For Pure Science 14, no. 4 (October 1, 2018): 188–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24237/djps.1404.468b.

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Allocati, Nerino, Antonio Aceto, Luigina Cellini, Michele Masulli, Beatrice Dragani, Raffaele Petruzzelli, and Carmine Ilio. "Effect of anaerobic environment on the glutathione transferase isoenzymatic pattern in Proteus mirabilis." FEMS Microbiology Letters 147, no. 1 (January 17, 2006): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10236.x.

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Krist, Alex H. "“Needs More Research”—Implications of the Proteus Effect for Researchers and Evidence Adopters." Mayo Clinic Proceedings 93, no. 3 (March 2018): 273–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.01.013.

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Sherrick, Brett, Jennifer Hoewe, and T. Franklin Waddell. "The role of stereotypical beliefs in gender-based activation of the Proteus effect." Computers in Human Behavior 38 (September 2014): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.05.010.

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Mohammed, Ansam. "Contamination with Proteus and Staphylococcus spp. Effect on Physical Properties of Sheep Semen." Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences 55, no. 6 (November 1, 2024): 1513–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejvs.2024.259427.1755.

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