Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Effet Dole'
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Paul, Clémence. "Fractionnement du dioxygène lors des processus biologiques : application à la reconstruction de la productivité passée de la biosphère." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASJ002.
Full textThe isotopic composition of oxygen trapped in air bubbles in ice cores can be used to reconstruct the global productivity of the biosphere in the past, as well as to document the evolution of the water cycle at low latitudes. The aim of this thesis was to improve the interpretation of δ18O de l'O2. Thus, we improved the determination of the various fractionation coefficients associated with the oxygen cycle at the level of the terrestrial biosphere, i.e. during the processes of respiration and photosynthesis. To quantify these fractionation coefficients, we have developed a new experimental set-up based on a system of multiplexed closed biological chambers in which all environmental parameters are controlled, stabilized and measured. These closed biological chambers have a volume of 120 L, enabling us to study a "plant + soil" system. The first step was to develop a prototype with a single biological chamber and carry out an initial study on fescue. This was followed by a second development, enabling us to work on several biological chambers via a multiplexed system. We also developed an optical spectrometry instrument (SARA-O2) for continuous measurement of O2 concentration and isotopic composition during multiplexed chamber experiments. This replaces manual mass spectrometry measurements of samples taken from the chambers. This system has enabled us to study fractionation coefficients for several plants (fescue, banana, laurel, maize). In particular, we highlighted isotopic fractionation associated with terrestrial photosynthesis. The biological fractionations found in these experiments were finally integrated into global calculations of the isotopic composition of atmospheric oxygen, and compared with measurements taken during the last deglaciation. This led to the conclusion that past variations in the δ18O of the O2 in the atmosphere are mainly linked to variations in the hydrological cycle at low latitudes
Malaizé, Bruno. "Analyse isotopique de l'oxygene de l'air piege dans les glaces de l'antarctique et du groenland : comparaison inter-hemispherique et effet dole." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066702.
Full textMorency, Catherine-Ève. "Effets de l'estradiol et de la progestérone sur le contrôle respiratoire en situation hypoxique chez le raton nouveau-né et impacts à long terme." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23851/23851.pdf.
Full textKafrouni, Marilyne. "Relation dose-effet et optimisation de la dosimétrie en radiothérapie interne sélective du carcinome hépatocellulaire." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTT007/document.
Full textSelective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) is a growing therapeutic alternative for unresectable primary and secondary liver cancer. The principle is based on the intra-arterial administration of yttrium-90 loaded microspheres for tumor cell destruction through irradiation.Yttrium-90 activity to be administered to the patient is, at the moment, usually prescribed using semi-empirical or barely personalized approaches that can be easily clinically implemented. New tools, similar to the ones used in external beam radiotherapy, are available today. These tools, which are not yet widely spread, require clinical feedback to show their benefits and guide the clinical application. Besides, a simulation stage is always performed before SIRT treatment itself. This two-step procedure implies differences (in terms of particles used, imaging modality, vascular flow modifications, etc.) that could potentially lead to dose deviations between planning and treatment. The thesis project comes within this scope, dealing with dosimetry optimization for hepatocellular carcinoma SIRT.Delivered doses during 42 treatment procedures performed between 2012 and 2015 at Montpellier University Hospital, were retrospectively calculated at the voxel level using a dosimetry dedicated software (PLANET Dose, DOSIsoft, Cachan). Two complementary studies were carried out from this work. The first one analyzed dose data (average dose, dose volume histograms) versus patient follow-up including tumor response, liver toxicity and patient survival. The results obtained are consistent with the other teams, confirming the dose-effect relationship in SIRT. The second study highlighted the limitations of the BSA (body surface area) model that was used for activity planning. In particular, the limitations of this model to predict delivered dose and consequently treatment efficiency were quantitatively demonstrated. The lack of dosimetry and heterogeneity distribution considerations were also discussed. These two studies emphasized the interest for yttrium-90 activity planning based on individualized dose data.A third study was conducted on a population of 23 patients treated between 2015 and 2018 at Montpellier University Hospital. The aim was to compare predictive and post-treatment dosimetry calculated at the voxel level. The clinical results were supported by phantom (simple and anthropomorphic) experimentations. A good correlation was observed highlighting the predictive value of dosimetry planning. However, a significant deviation was noticed and seems to be partly related to yttrium-90 TEP quantification. In addition, it was also noted that the radiological gesture can affect particle distribution and consequently dose distribution, this is why reproducibility as perfect as possible is required between the two stages
Eiden, Céline. "Essai de faisabilité du suivi thérapeutique pharmacologique et de l'optimisation des antifongiques azolés récents : voriconazole et posaconazole." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON13508.
Full textBannwarth, E. "Pancytopénie au méthotrexate à faible dose dans la polyarthrite rhumatoi͏̈de : à propos d'un cas et revue de la littérature." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2M203.
Full textRostand, Neil. "Modélisation compacte de l'effet des radiations naturelles des dispositifs sub-28nm pour des applications automobiles et aéronautiques." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ESAE0035.
Full textThe purpose of the PhD was to develop "Single Event Transient"(SET) and "Total Ionizing Dose" (TID) models for sub-28nm MOS technologies. These models have been developed according to standards of compact modeling in order to be used into SPICE simulators (ELDO, SPECTRE, PSPICE ...) while main physical features are taken into account. The implementation has been done in Verilog-A langage.During the first year, SET physical investigation has been done performing TCAD simulations. It supported model development of SET applied to BULK technologies. During the second year, this model has been turned into a compact model and implemented in Verilog-A, which required the development of an implementation method involving equivalent electrical circuit. The resulting model has been able to predict "Single Event Upsets" (SEUs) in memories and functional errors in shift registers. Moreover, physical investigation of TID has been performed through TCAD simulations of FDSOI MOSFETs. TID effects have been included into standard FDSOI transistor model LETI-UTSOI. The model has been validated through TCAD simulations and has been used to extract TID parameters on experimental devices irradiated in CEA/DAM. The third year has been partly dedicated to SET model development for very integrated technologies (relying on SOI technology).This model takes bipolar amplification into account as well as 3D charge deposit morphology induced by the ionizing particle. TCAD validations have been performed in order to validate the model. Moreover, this model has been included into multi-physics simulator MUSCA SEP3 in order to assess SEE risk in FDSOI memory matrix. it has been found that the physical features the model is able to model can influence reliability of this assessment
Verdier, Marie-Clémence. "Les bêta-lactamines : apport de l'individualisation thérapeutique par la mesure des concentrations pour les patients hospitalisés." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1B003.
Full textBeta-lactam antibiotics are the largest family of antimicrobial agents, both in terms of number of compounds available and of prescription volume. These drugs are used at high doses for the treatment infections caused by susceptible bacteria, particularly in critically ill patients. They are generally not considered as good candidates for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), since their therapeutic index is assumed to be wide. However, there are several arguments suggesting that monitoring beta-lactam plasma levels may be useful in selected circumstances. In critically ill patients, physiological alterations may affect the pharmacokinetic parameters of antimicrobial agents and, consequently, their effectiveness and/or the risk of selecting resistant strains when underdosing. The aim of this work was i) to develop analytical methods for simultaneous determination of beta-lactams in plasma and other biological matrix; ii) to assess the interindividual variability of plasma concentrations of amoxicillin or cloxacillin in critically ill patients; iii) to determine the plasma and peritoneal concentrations of cefotaxime and ertapenem in patients requiring intensive care for secondary peritonitis. These various studies allow us to refine the criteria for the TDM of the ?-lactam antibiotics. The use of antibiotics implies a strong rationale for antibiotic therapy, choosing the most appropriate antibiotic, and also the choice of the proper dosage. The TDM of the ?-lactam antibiotics is an essential tool to ensure that the prescribed dose will achieve effective concentrations while minimizing the occurrence of adverse events and the development of bacterial resistance
Dalloneau, Emilie. "Idendification de gènes à effet de dose impliqués dans la pathophysiologie des aneuploïdies associées au chromosome 21." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00688939.
Full textAmato, Jean-Noël. "Effets de la prise de médicaments psychotropes et de l'âge du conducteur sur la conduite, l'éveil et les fonctions attentionnelles : effet dose d'un analgésique : effet combiné d'une dose d’analgésique et d'un hypnotique." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN3001.
Full textEpidemiological data and the percentages of drug use do not allow to establish a causal link between a product and a possible deterioration of driving. Studies are now undertaken to understand the factors influencing changes in the level of arousal in the field of traffic safety. Our experiences fit into this framework and more particularly in that of the influence of sedatives drugs administered in therapeutic doses and under a standard therapeutic prescription. We conducted two experiments on driving simulator with different groups of healthy subjects (young, elderly), after a full night's sleep. We conducted subjective measures (questionnaires) and objective (EEG spectral analysis) measure of arousal, measures of vigilance and attention during the course of these experiments. In each experiment, psychotropic drugs studied were administered alone or in combination and compared with placebo. Our results on the dose effect of analgesic showed no effect of this drugs on driving performance, subjective arousal and vigilance in healthy young subjects. Results on the combined effect of one dose of analgesic and one hypnotic suggest no interaction between these two products in healthy elderly subjects, they do not affect the objective and subjective arousal, vigilance and attentional process. However we observe independent effects of each of these psychotropic on driving performance
Nourgalieva, Kalamkas J. "Effets biologiques des faibles doses d'irradiation sur les organismes humains et animaux : observations et expériences effectuées en France et au Kazakhstan entre 1995 et 2000." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN1B079.
Full textErekson, David McConkie. "Scheduled Healing: The Relationship Between Session Frequency and Psychotherapy Outcome in a Naturalistic Setting." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4037.
Full textFerraro, Rudy. "Development of Test Methods for the Qualification of Electronic Components and Systems Adapted to High-Energy Accelerator Radiation Environments." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS118.
Full textThe Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the largest and most powerful in the world, started in 2008 and is the last stage of CERN's accelerator complex. The LHC consists in a 27-kilometer ring of superconducting magnets allowing to accelerate two beams up to 7 TeV before colliding them at 14 TeV in one of the five experiments monitoring the result of the collision. The LHC allowed notably the discovery of the Higgs boson and other baryonic particles predicted by the standard model. The radiation environment of the LHC and its injection lines is composed of different particles over a large spectrum of energies, from GeV level down to meV level (e.g. thermal neutron). The electronic equipment operating in such a harsh radiation environment, mostly based on Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) components, can experience failures induced by radiation effects. The criticality of the equipment can be very high, in the best case, the failure of a control system can lead to a beam dump, which can drastically the availability of the beam for science and in the worst case, the failure of a safety system can lead to the destruction of part of the machine. The new upgrade of the LHC planned for 2025, the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) will achieve an annual luminosity five time higher than the current version of the LHC. Consequently, the levels of the radiation generated by the operation of the machine will also drastically increase. With such high radiation levels, a significant number of COTS-based systems will be exposed to radiation levels they cannot withstand. This will imply to either design more robust tolerant COTS-based systems and/or substitute preventively systems before their end of life. Thus, while in the previous years the Single Event Effects (SEEs) where the dominant cause of failure, in the future, cumulative radiation effect will as well become a major preoccupation. While a huge effort has been done in the past on the qualification process against SEE-induced failures, the qualification process for cumulative radiation effects, remained mostly unchanged. The aim of this work was, therefore, to investigate how the CERN’s Radiation Hardness Assurance (RHA) could be improved to respond to this new challenge and ensure that no system failures will impact the LHC operations. This involved several activities; (i) the study of the particularities of the LHC radiative environment and its impact on the components and systems exposed to it, (ii) the study of the suitability of current qualification methods and the development of approaches adapted to CERN’s needs and (iii) the study of reliable system lifetime estimation methods
Amato, Jean-Noël. "EFFETS DE LA PRISE DE MEDICAMENTS PSYCHOTROPES ET DE L'AGE DU CONDUCTEUR SUR LA CONDUITE, L'EVEIL ET LES FONCTIONS ATTENTIONNELLES. I. EFFET DOSE D'UN ANALGESIQUE, II. EFFET COMBINE D'UNE DOSE D'ANALGESIQUE ET D'UN HYPNOTIQUE." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00597555.
Full textGarcia, Liliana. "Régulation de la concentration intracellulaire de chlore : Rôle modulateur du chlore sur la conductance membranaire, le pHi et la sécrétion des cellules lactotropes de rat." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR28417.
Full textLudwig, Sophie. "Comportement d'un "Perturbateur Endocrinien" et d'un "non Perturbateur Endocrinien" vis à vis de la toxicité testiculaire chez le rat." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00658641.
Full textBoch, Jérôme. "Effet du faible débit dose sur les technologies bipolaires." Reims, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REIMS013.
Full textBipolar technologies play a variety of important roles in space systems where they are exposed to radiation. In an ionizing environment, the base current of bipolar transistors increases and the current gain decreases. Increased recombination in the emitter-base depletion region is the main mechanism responsible for the increased base current. Many bipolar technologies degrade more at low dose rates than at high dose rates for a given total dose what is a difficult hardness assurance challenge. Methods of predicting the low-dose-rate response using laboratory dose rates, including irradiation at high temperature, have been reasonably successful at identifying technologies that suffer from ELDRS, but it is still difficult to identify a single test for all bipolar technologies. The aim of this work is then to investigate and improve the present methods in order to establish a sigle test for all bipolar technologies. Based on experimental results, physical explanation of phenomena occurring during elevated temperature irradiations has been proposed and a model of degradation has been expanded. From the observation of all the obtained results, a new approach of the device testing, based on the switching from high dose rate to low dose rate has been proposed
Alfvén, Tobias. "Bone and kidney effects from cadmium exposure : dose effect and dose response relationships /." Stockholm : Karolinska Univ. Press, 2002. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2002/91-7349-341-4.
Full textFoo, Kerwyn Yi Min. "Methodological uncertainties in radiotherapy dose-effect analysis." Thesis, University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24421.
Full textLacourt, Aude. "Mésothéliome : étiologie professionnelle à partir d’enquêtes cas-témoins françaises." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR21738/document.
Full textAsbestos exposure is recognized as the primary cause of pleural mesothelioma. However, some aspects of etiology of this disease have not been well characterized. The objective of this study was to elucidate dose-response relationships of temporal pattern of occupational asbestos exposure in males, using case-control data, to study effect of man made vitreous fibers and silica dust on the risk of pleural mesothelioma and finally, to describe occupations and industries at high risk for this cancer among men in France according a period of twenty years of observation. Cases came from a French case-control study conducted in 1987-1993 and from the French National Mesothelioma Surveillance Program in 1998-2006 (1,199 males). Population controls were frequency matched by sex and year of birth (2,378 males). Occupational asbestos exposure was evaluated with a job-exposure matrix. The dose-response relationships were estimated using logistic regression models and form of this relationship were estimated using restricted cubic spline functions. Dose-response relationship was confirmed (particularly for lowest doses). However, this study provides new results about time-effect relationships (role of time since last exposure or effect of age at first exposure). This study opens up new prospects on the role of co-exposure (mineral wool) and permit to identify new activities at risk for pleural mésothéliome as motor vehicle mechanics
Aguirre, Fernando Rodrigues. "Estudo sobre distribuição de cargas em semicondutores sujeitos a radiação ionizante." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-13032017-113040/.
Full textThe effect of ionizing radiation on electronic devices is a growing concern in semiconductor technology, especially due to the continuous reduction of the devices and even greater when they are intended for use in aggressive environments with high radiation, such as space missions, particle accelerators or nuclear reactors. Among the various effects caused by ionizing radiation on electronic devices are the effects due to Total Ionizing Dose (TID), in which the accumulation of radiation damage in the device changes its normal functioning. The TID caused by photons has already been studied in Brazil, but the effect of protons on a bipolar transistor, presented in this work is a pioneer work in the country. The characteristic curves of a 2N3733 transistor were measured before, during and after proton irradiation between 1.5 and 3.8 MeV, to quantify changes of the electrical specifications of the device. At these proton energies, there is a direct correlation between the change in the electric response to the proton energy, except at some specific energies where the Bragg peak occurred near the junctions or in the middle of the silicon crystal, demonstrating the importance of the correct characterization of the passivation layer in TID studies of electronic devices. The recovery of transistors irradiated after annealing at 50 ° C for 8 hours was also higher for those irradiated at these energies. There is an upper dose limit for which no alteration of the transistor was observed. This limit, of the order of Grad, exceeds most applications in terrestrial environments, but is within the expected range for space missions to Jupiter or large particle accelerators.
Egbe, Nneoyi Onen. "Measurement of dose in diagnostic radiology and the effect of dose reduction on image quality." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources. Online version available for University members only until March, 23, 2010, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=25469.
Full textMcDonald-Morken, Colleen Ann. "Hawk and Dove Stress Response Profiles in Humans." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29861.
Full textEGLER, ALICE. "Conservation des aliments par traitement ionisant : effet du debit de dose." Strasbourg 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR15050.
Full textVaccarino, Anthony Leonard. "Naloxone analgesia in BALBc mice : a dose-dependent relationship." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66239.
Full textTakam, Rungdham. "Determination of dose distribution of Ruthenium-106 Ophthalmic applicators." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SM/09smt1363.pdf.
Full textChen, Jia. "Effect of dose and dose rate on benzo[a]pyrene induced mutational spectra in human cells." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36941.
Full textTangboonduangjit, Puangpen. "Intensity-modulated radiation therapy dose maps the matchline effect /." Access electronically, 2006. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20060724.095712/index.html.
Full textHollmark, Malin. "Absorbed dose and biological effect in light ion therapy." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Medical Radiation Physics, Stockholm university together with KI, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7756.
Full textMelnikova, Vladislava. "Photodynamic action and photobleaching of meta-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin (mTHPC) : Prooxidant modulation by phenolic antioxidants." Nancy 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN19914.
Full textPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a rapidly growing modality for the treatment of light-accessible tumors. PDT is based on administration of tumor-localizing photosensitizers, producing toxic radicals (Type 1) or singlet oxygen (Type il reaction mechanism) on illumination. Studies on the mechanism of action and photodegradation of a second-generation photosensitizer meta-tetrahydroxyphenyIchlorin (mTHPC) were conducted and used to modulate its efficacy. Spectroscopic monitoring of mTHPC photodegradation revealed preferential photobleaching of its fluorescent forms. Elimination of mTHPC fluorescent fractions by preirradiation resulted in a negligible loss of photocytotoxic activity. This suggests that aggregated mTHPC fractions may contribute to ceIl damage. Examination of in vitro mechanism of mTHPC-photosensitized cell killing revealed that this process depends entirely on the presence of molecular oxygen. Using scavengers of reactive oxygen species, we have found that mTHPC photosensitizes cell killing predominantly by Type II, singlet oxygen-mediated photodynamic reactions. Reactions ofphotoperoxidation play only a minor role in mTHPC photocytotoxicity. Cultured HT29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells effectively incorporated antioxidant a-tocopherol, whereas NIRC-5 normal human fibroblasts did not. A-Tocopherol and its water-soluble analogue Trolox enhanced photosensitized by mTHPC damage to tumor, but not to normal cells. In vivo administration of Trolox (250 mg/kg b. W. ) 1. 5 hour befere irradiation enhanced PDT with mTHPC in human tumour xenografts. This effect required Trolox presence on the photochemical stage. Laser flash photolysis experiments demonstrated that Trolox acted as an efficient quencher of triplet mTHPC forming mTHPC anion radicals. Kinetic considerations suggest that Trolox mediated radical pathway can work in relay with singlet oxygen one in hypoxic conditions. Our studies show that photodynamic treatment is a subject for photochemical modulation by antioxidants
Colin, Lydia. "Influence de traitements à base de polyamines et d'inhibiteurs de leur biosynthèse sur les teneurs des différentes polyamines et de l'acide abscissique au cours de la floraison des grappes et au début du développement des baies de raisin. : Relations avec la coulure et le millerandage." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR20747.
Full textMazzetti, Scott A. "Akt and ERK activation in human skeletal muscle : dose-dependency of responses to increasing muscle contractions." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1259313.
Full textHuman Performance Laboratory
Mazeron, Jean-Jacques. "Effets biologiques relatifs au débit de dose en curiethérapie interstitielle." Paris 12, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA120019.
Full textAdkin, Dawn Anne. "The effect of pharmaceutical exipients on small intestinal transit." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260596.
Full textWong, Tony Po Yin, and tony wong@swedish org. "Improving Treatment Dose Accuracy in Radiation Therapy." RMIT University. Applied Sciences, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080104.144139.
Full textDupont, Stéphane. "Dose absorbée en surface en conditions d'obliquité dans les faisceaux de photons de haute énergie." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30204.
Full textMORVAN, YANNICK. "Neuropathie peripherique par probable deficit en folates au cours d'un traitement par methotrexate a faible dose : a propos d'un cas clinique." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CLF1M018.
Full textBrucoli, Matteo. "Total ionizing dose monitoring for mixed field environments." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS093/document.
Full textThe Total Ionizing Dose (TID) monitoring is nowadays a crucial task for a wide range of applications running in harsh radiation environments. In view of the High-Luminosity upgrade for the Large Hadron Collider, the monitoring of radiation levels along the CERN’s accelerator complex will become even more challenging. To this extent, a more detailed knowledge of the radiation field in the accelerator tunnel and its adjacent areas becomes necessary to design installation, relocation or shielding requirements of electronics sensitive to radiation. Aiming to improve the monitoring of the TID delivered by the mixed radiation field generated within the accelerator system, investigations on new suitable dosimeters have been carried out.With this research, two devices have been studied and characterized to be employed as dosimeter and possibly to complete the use of the silicon sensor currently employed at CERN for TID monitoring, i.e. the RADiation-sensitive Field Effect Transistor (RADFET): a commercial NMOS, and an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) named FGDOS. The devices have been selected following two opposite approaches: on the one hand, reducing the costs would allow the density of the deployed sensors to increase. As a direct consequence, a more detailed dose map would be obtained for large distributed systems like the LHC. On the other hand, the radiation monitoring can be further improved by deploying more sensitive detectors, which would allow to measure the dose where the levels are too low for the RADFET. Moreover, sensors with higher resolution would permit the characterization of the radiation field in a shorter time, which means within a lower integrated luminosity.The first approach has been accomplished by searching for alternative solutions based on COTS (Commercial Off-The-Shelf) devices, which would significantly reduce the costs and guarantee unlimited availability on the market. For this aim, investigations on a commercial discrete NMOS transistor, which was found to be very sensitive to the radiation, has been carried out.The need for improving the resolution of TID monitoring led to investigate the FGDOS, which is an innovative silicon dosimeter with a very high sensitivity that permits to detect extremely low doses.The calibration of the NMOS and the FGDOS have been performed by exposing the dosimeters to γ-ray. Their radiation response has been characterized in terms of linearity, batch-to-batch variability, and dose rate effect. The influence of the temperature has been studied and a method to compensate the temperature effect has been developed and implemented.Being the FGDOS is a System-On-Chip with several features that make the dosimeter an extremely flexible system, the characterization of its operational modes (Active, Passive and Autonomous) have been performed. Following the first characterization, some questions arose concerning the sensitivity degradation mechanisms affecting the dosimeter. To investigate this phenomenon, radiation experiments were performed with a test chip embedding only the radiation sensitive circuit of the FGDOS. The analysis of the experiments allowed the understating of the processes responsible for the sensitivity degradation, by separating the contribution of the reading transistor and the floating gate capacitor. The results of this investigation led us to considerer new design solution and compensation methods.The suitability of the NMOS and the FGDOS for TID measurement in the mixed radiation field produced by the CERN’s accelerator complex has been verified by performing accelerated radiation tests at the Cern High energy AcceleRator Mixed field facility (CHARM). The consistency of both sensors with the RADFET measurement has been demonstrated. The high sensitivity of the FGDOS leads to a significant improvement in terms of TID measurement in mixed radiation fields with respect to the RadFET, especially for low radiation intensities
Davis, Kenneth Ralph 1964. "Two-dimensional simulation of the effects of total dose ionizing radiation on power-MOSFET breakdown." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277053.
Full textFigueiredo, Ricardo Tajra 1984. "Manejo da adubação potássica na cultura da batata-doce /." Botucatu, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/181414.
Full textCoorientador: Pablo Forlan Vargas
Banca: Roberto Lyra Villas Bôas
Banca: Fábio Rafael Echer
Resumo: Para a maioria das hortaliças que produzem raízes tuberosas, o potássio (K) é o nutriente mineral exigido em maior quantidade. Entretanto, a aplicação de doses elevadas desse nutriente pode prejudicar o desenvolvimento das plantas, devido ao aumento da concentração salina ou mesmo decorrer em grandes perdas por lixiviação, especialmente em solos arenosos. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento e a produtividade da batata-doce submetida a doses e formas de parcelamento da adubação potássica em solos com diferentes teores iniciais de potássio (K). Foram conduzidos quatro experimentos em áreas com diferentes disponibilidades iniciais de K no solo (baixa = 0,7 mmolc dm-3; média = 1,4 e 1,5 mmolc dm-3 e alta = 3 mmolc dm-3) entre os anos de 2016 e 2018. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, no esquema fatorial 3x4+1. Os tratamentos foram representados por três doses de K2O (60, 120 e 240 kg ha-1) combinadas com quatro formas de parcelamento (1 = 100% no plantio; 2 = 1/2 no plantio + 1/2 aos 40 dias após o plantio (DAP), 3 = 1/2 no plantio + 1/2 aos 90 DAP; 4 = 1/3 no plantio + 1/3 aos 40 DAP + 1/3 aos 90 DAP), além da testemunha sem K. O crescimento das plantas, em termos de biomassa produzida, aumenta em solos com baixo e médio teor inicial de K até as doses de 145 e 115 kg ha-1 de K2O, respectivamente. Em solos com alto teor inicial de K (≥ 3,0 mmolc dm-3), a adubação potássica não contribuiu para o acúmulo de matéria seca da p... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Among the majority of tuberous roots vegetables, potassium (K) is the most required mineral nutrient. However, the application of high rates of this nutrient may harm the plants development, due to the increase in saline concentration or even in large losses by leaching, especially in sandy soils. Thus, the purpose of this work was to evaluate the growth and yield of sweet potato submitted to rates and forms of K split application in soils with different K concentration. Four experiments were carried out in areas with different initial K availability in the soil (low = 0.7 mmolc dm-3, medium = 1.4 and 1.5 mmolc dm-3 and high = 3 mmolc dm-3) between 2016 and 2018. The experimental design was a randomized block design in the 3x4 + 1 factorial scheme. The treatments were represented by three doses of K2O (60, 120 and 240 kg ha-1) combined with four forms of plotting (1 = 100% at planting, 2 = 1/2 at planting + 1/2 at 40 days after planting (DAP), 3 = 1/2 at planting + 1/2 at 90 DAP, 4 = 1/3 at planting + 1/3 at 40 DAP + 1/3 at 90 DAP), in addition to the control without K. In terms of biomass produced, the plant growth increases in soils with low and medium initial K concentration up to 145 and 115 kg ha-1 of K2O, respectively. In soils with a high initial concentration of K (≥ 3.0 mmolc dm-3), K fertilization did not contribute to the accumulation of dry matter of the plant, but reduces the biomass accumulation in the tuberous roots. In soil with low initial K concentration, the commercial yield increases up to 171 kg ha-1 of K2O, and in soils with a medium initial K concentration, the increase in commercial yield reaches rates between 106 and 111 kg ha-1 of K2O. However, under high initial availability of K, the commercial yield reduces with the potassium fertilization until the rate of 60 kg ha-1 of K2O. The split application of K (planting + 40 + 90DAP) was shown to be more efficient in increasing ...
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Full textRadiotherapy is one of the main treatments against cancers. However, it presents a risk of adverse effects for the normal tissues surrounding the tumors. The vascular network and especially the endothelium are considered as main targets to limit normal tissue damages and prevent side effects of radiotherapy. Activated endothelial cells are involved in the chronic recruitment of thrombocytes and leukocytes, resulting in tissue complications. On the other hand, in inflammatory diseases, the glycans expressed on the surface of endothelial cells are modified and lead to immune cells recruitment. We sought to evaluate changes in endothelial glycome in a context of exposure to high dose of radiation, and studied the functional consequences on the recruitment of leukocytes. In vitro, the characterization of the glycome was performed on a primary endothelial cell model (HUVEC). Our results provide the first evidences of an endothelial modification of the glycome after exposure to ionizing radiation. We report an overexpression of high mannose N-glycans, O-glycans and syalilated motifs. At the same time, endothelial glycocalyx appeared to be damaged by exposure to radiation. Next, we evaluated these radiation-induced modifications of endothelial glycans on monocyte adhesion. We show that the radiation induced adhesion was mediated by overexpression of high mannose N-glycans. We also investigated changes in glycome in an irradiated mouse model of enteropathy and in resections of patients treated with radiotherapy. In mice, a transcriptomic study suggests changes in glycans following radiation exposure. Collectively, these findings on glycome changes provide a new perspective of the continuum of events leading to normal tissue complications. In the future, the study of the glycome should open new therapeutics opportunities for better management of tissue damages induced by radiation
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