Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Effet de ligand'
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Montalvo, Acosta Joel José. "Computational approaches to molecular recognition : from host-guest to protein-ligand binding." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAF051/document.
Full textMolecular recognition is a very interesting problem, and foremost, a current challenge for biophysical chemistry. Having reliable predictions on the specific recognition between molecules is highly priority as it will provide an insight of fundamental problems and will raise relevant technological applications. The dissertation presented here is centered on a quantitative analysis of molecular recognition in solution for host-guest, protein-ligand binding and catalysis. The statistical mechanics framework used to describe the state-of-the-art for receptor-ligand binding is an inflection point for the developing of new improved and methods. In fact, a highly performanced and accurate model was obtained for the analysis of host-guest binding. Finally, the presented models were used as a reliable predictive tools for discovering new chemical entities for enhance catalysis in solution
Marchenko, Nataliia. "Effets de ligand sur les propriétés de nanoparticules ultra-petites à base de platine." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse, INSA, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ISAT0061.
Full textUltra-small metal nanoparticles (NPs) have unique properties originating from their size such as a high surface-to-volume ratio and a quantization of their physical properties. These characteristics make them a popular object of investigation in catalysis, self-assembly (SA), photophysics or charge transport. Stabilizing ligands that are generally used to preserve the small size and the dispersion of NPs can also influence their functional properties. In this thesis, we investigate how ligands can modulate the intrinsic properties of platinum NPs and how this knowledge can be applied in different spheres, from self-assembly to catalysis. This manuscript consists of five chapters: a literature review and four experimental studies that cover independent projects, where US platinum-based NPs are the main object of investigation.Chapter 1 gathers representative examples of ligand influence on the synthesis, SA, and catalytic properties of metal-based NPs. In the first part, classical organic ligands like thiols or polymers are considered, while the second part covers examples of so-called “hybrid systems” where metal complexes stabilize or interact with NPs.Chapter 2 reports the synthesis, characterization and catalytic properties of Pt NPs stabilized with pyranose macrocycles - cyclodextrins (CD). The influence of the functional group of the CD (thiol or secondary phosphine oxide moieties) and the effect of the ligand relative quantity on the hydrogenation performance of Pt NPs are discussed.Chapter 3 is dedicated to FePt NPs immobilized on silica-based supported ionic liquid phases (SILP). In this chapter, the importance of the Fe content modulation as well as the role of the ionic liquid-modified support are demonstrated in selective catalytic hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation of ketones and aldehydes.Chapter 4 describes hybrid systems made of Pt NPs and functionalized porphyrins or metal porphyrins. Particularly, the formation of SAs of different shapes and obvious changes in the photophysical properties of the systems are rationalized and correlated to the strength of interactions between the Pt NP and the porphyrins.Chapter 5 describes the synthesis and the characterization of hybrid systems containing Pt NPs and covalently attached ruthenium (II) bipyridyl complexes modified with imidazolium fragments. The prepared NP-antenna systems are promising candidates in photocatalysis.In conclusion, this thesis demonstrates valuable findings about ligand control of the synthesis, SA, and catalytic properties of ultra-small Pt NPs. This study highlights the importance of a thorough ligand choice to produce stable and active NPs. The results of this research can serve as a guideline for a rational design of nanocomposites to form self-assembled systems or selective catalysts
Darbandi-Tehrani, Kévin. "Etude de la structure du CX3CR1 par BRET : effet anti-tumoral de son ligand, le CX3CL1." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066396.
Full textSidibe, Assitan. "Effet de ligands de G-quadruplexes sur la séquence terminale des télomères." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MNHN0017.
Full textThe role of telomeres in protecting the genome, and their involvement in senescence and cancer make them a prime target in the fight against cancer. An original strategy is to block the access of proteins to the telomeric end necessary for replication and stability, such as telomerase which is activated in 85% of cancers or TRF2 and POT1, proteins that protect the telomeric end. Because of the guanine repetition on the G strand, telomeric ends can form quadruplex structures in guanine (G-quadruplexes) whose stabilization by specific ligands (G4 ligands) blocks the replication of telomeres and alters its integrity. Treatment of tumor cells with G4 ligands causes a dysfunction associated with the dissociation of telomeric proteins POT1 and TRF2 and leads to apoptosis or cell senescence. The analysis of the telomeric end terminal sequence by the STELA method (Single Telomere Length Analysis) shows that the C-terminal sequence of the strand ends mainly by the sequence ATC-5 ʼ. POT1 protein is responsible for the resection of the C strand of telomeres by recruiting an exonuclease capable of creating a single-stranded substrate for telomerase. Depletion of POT1 by RNA interference causes a deregulation of the C strand end. We studied in our work the effect of G4 ligands on the terminal sequence of the telomeric C strand at the telomere of chromosome XpYp and at all telomeres using a modification of the technique of STELA. Our results show that a low concentration of derivatives of the pyridine dicarboxamides series causes a minor but significant effect on the terminal sequence of XpYp telomeres and of all telomeres in HT1080 cell line. On the contrary, a higher concentration does not alter the C strand termination in HT1080, A549 and HeLa cells but induces a replicative stress. The modest effect of these ligands can be explained by an incomplete activity of dissociation of the protein POT1 of telomeres compared to its depletion by RNA interference. Indeed, we also showed that the nearly complete depletion of POT1 by shRNA randomizes the terminal sequence of the C strand
Pocquet, Lucrèce. "Ancrage supramoléculaire de complexes organométalliques dans la béta-lactoglobuline pour la catalyse asymétrique dans l'eau. Effet des ligands prochiraux hémilabiles." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066322/document.
Full textThis PhD work focused on the development of artificial metalloenzymes. Such a concept allows to combine typical advantages of both enzymatic and organometallic catalysts, such as high catalytic selectivity and efficiency of enzymatic systems and wide substrate scope of transition metals catalysts. Our approach consists in the utilization of transition metal complexes with a prochiral hemilabile ligand, once embedded within the protein host, could be forced to adopt a specific stereoconfiguration. This would in turn make possible to bring the chirality centers closer to the catalytic metal center and, therefore, to increase the enantioselectivity of catalyzed reactions.In this thesis, we report the synthesis of new palladium complexes of prochiral hemilabile NCN pincer ligands and the study of their structural properties. Furthermore, the supramolecular anchoring of these complexes to bovine β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) was studied both experimentally and theorically by computational calculation. These constructs were shown to catalyze aldol condensation reactions in aqueous media, affording, in some cases, the less-favorable cis product. This unusual diastereoselectivity was ensued by the second sphere of coordination brought by the protein host. In a second part, the synthesis of new half sandwich ruthenium complexes of prochiral hemilabile β-aminothioether ligands is reported as well as the study of their insertion in the protein. The hybrids catalyzed the transfer hydrogenation of arylketones with high enantioselectivity. The enhancement of selectivity was attributed to chirality
Ávila, Gutiérrez Mario Alberto. "Effet de la nanocristallinité sur les croissances homogènes et hétérogènes des supercristaux magnétique de cobalt." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS008.
Full textMetallic nanocrystals 3D self-organization (NCx) is a new generation of nanostructured materials, called supercrystals. They present a new collective property, which allows them to be involved in different technological applications. In this thesis, we propose a comparative study concerning heterogeneous and homogeneous growth in the absence or presence of a magnetic field, of cobalt nanocrystals, obtained by the micellar route (7.5 nm, σ: 11%, fcc type) and by the dismutation of an organometallic salt ([CoCl(PPh3)3]) (9 nm, σ: 10%, hc type). The former are passivated with dodecanoic acid and the latter with oleylamine. By controlling the amount of oleylamine in Co-hc NCx colloidal solution and the volume of solution deposited, we promote the growth of super crystals, relatively similar to those obtained with Co-fcc NCx. A new method of ligand exchange (from oleylamine to dodecanoic acid) is proposed, promoting Co-hc NCx whose interaction with dodecanoic acid is covalent. The deposits conducted with these NCx promote for the first time colloidal crystals of Co-hc NCx passivated with dodecanoic acid. Using a solution oxidation method, core/shell nanocrystals [Co (ferromagnetic)@ CoO (antiferromagnetic)] of uniform size were obtained with a monocrystalline metal core (hc) and an fcc shell. Preliminary studies of magnetic properties show magnetic exchange coupling at the ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic interface
Pittari, Gianfranco. "NK Cell Tolerance of Self-Specific Apecific Activating Receptor KIR2DS1 in Individuals with Cognate HLA-C2 Ligand." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA11T043.
Full textNK cells are regulated by inhibiting and activating cell surface receptors. Most inhibitory receptors recognize MHC-class I antigens, and protect healthy cells from NK cell-mediated auto-aggression. However, certain activating receptors, including the human killer cell Ig-like receptor (KIR) 2DS1, also recognize MHC-class I. This raises the question of how NK cells expressing such activating receptors are tolerized to host tissues. We investigated whether the presence of HLA-C2, the cognate ligand for 2DS1, induces tolerance in 2DS1-expressing NK cells. Anti-HLA-C2 activity could be detected in vitro in some 2DS1 positive NK clones irrespective of presence or absence of HLA-C2 ligand in the donor. The frequency of anti-HLA-C2 reactivity was high in donors homozygous for HLA-C1. Surprisingly, there was no significant difference in frequency of anti-HLA-C2 cytotoxicity in donors heterozygous for HLA-C2 and donors without HLA-C2 ligand. However, donors homozygous for HLA-C2 had significantly reduced frequency of anti-HLA-C2 reactive clones as compared to all other donors. 2DS1 positive clones that express inhibitory KIR for self-HLA class I were commonly non-cytotoxic, and anti-HLA-C2 cytotoxicity was nearly exclusively restricted to 2DS1 single positive clones lacking inhibitory KIR. 2DS1 single positive NK clones with anti-HLA-C2 reactivity were also present post-transplantation in HLA-C2 positive recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants from 2DS1 positive donors. These results demonstrate that many NK cells with anti-HLA-C2 reactivity are present in HLA-C1 homozygous and heterozygous donors with 2DS1. In contrast, 2DS1 positive clones from HLA-C2 homozygous donors are frequently tolerant to HLA-C2
Maurais, Emilie. "L'incorporation de CD154 par le VIH-1 et son effet sur l'activation des macrophages dérivés de monocytes humains." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25648/25648.pdf.
Full textCD154 interacts with CD40 found on antigen-presenting cells such as macrophages and plays a crucial role in activating these cells and initiating immune responses. We have previously reported that CD154 is incorporated within HIV-1 envelope and is effective at activating primary B lymphocytes. In this study, we tested if such CD154-bearing virions are also effective in activating human monocyte-derived-macrophages (MDM). We observed an increase in IL-8 secretion, but it is highly variable depending on viral productions and donors used. The induction of IL-8 production is specific to CD154 since a mutant form does not induce it and is independent of gp120. The production of MMP-1 and -2 is influenced by CD154 on 293T cells but the specificity is lost when viral particles are used. These results suggest a possible way used by the virus to attract target cells to the site of infection and thereby favour its own replication.
Marcon, Lionel. "Détection électrique d'anticorps sériques humains à l'aide d'un nanocapteur." Lille 1, 2005. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/1cfe627c-1fb1-4dac-aa87-bfa288fa6c5c.
Full textLEPETIT, POURCELOT CHRISTINE. "Mise au point de nouveaux catalyseurs de dimerisation du propylene a base de complexes supportes du nickel : controle de la stabilite et de la selectivite par effet de ligands : influence electronique sterique et mecanistique." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066489.
Full textVoorzanger-Rousselot, Nathalie. "Rôle de l'IL-10 et du ligand de CD40 dans la physiopathologie des lymphomes non hodgkiniens : rôle mitogène, antiapoptotique et immunosuppresseur en association avec d'autres cytokines (l'IL-6, l'IL-2, le TNF)." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO1T083.
Full textEl, hellani Ahmad. "Evaluation of The Electronic Properties of Carbon(0)-Based Compounds Through Gold Catalysis and X-Ray Structure Analysis." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112252.
Full textMost organic compounds which are stable in the condensed phase contain tetravalent carbon atoms, where all four valence electrons are being engaged in chemical bonds. On the other hand, the chemistry of divalent carbon(II) was only recognized after the isolation of a stable persistent carbene by Bertrand and co-workers in 1985. Such products display one s-type lone pair orbital and are thus good ligands. Earlier on, concern was also paid to a new family of compounds, first reported in 1961 by Ramirez and co-workers. They can be considered as divalent carbon(0) derivatives with two lone pairs at the central carbon, with a possibility of double coordination of two Lewis acids to this carbon. This feature was proposed by Kaska in 1973, and verified later by the isolation of di-metalated adducts. From 2006, these compounds were the centre of extensive theoretical investigations by Frenking, which led to the isolation of new members of this family by Fürstner and Bertrand. This family is now referred to as “carbones”, of general formula CL2 (L =PR3 or carbene).“Carbones” are still virtually unused in catalysis. Thus, we have decided to study these derivatives, especially in the field of gold catalysis, and to compare them with well-known ligands such as NHCs, phosphines and phosphites. Recently, we were able to synthesize their corresponding GaCl3 complexes and to rationalize their electronic properties through Gutmann’s rules for Lewis acid/Lewis base adducts. In addition, we obtained some ionic “dimers” and we explained their formation on the basis of ligand’s electronic properties. We have shown through these two approaches that carbones are far better donors than NHCs
Commandeur, Claude. "Chimio-et stéréosélectivité induites par le silicium dans des réactions d'allylation catalysées par le palladium : application aux cyclisations 5-et 6-endo-trig." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066066.
Full textVjetrovic, Jelena. "Effet des facteurs sécrétés par les cellules sénescentes sur la transformation néoplastique et la sensibilisation à TRAIL." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00863480.
Full textMaheshwari, Gargi 1972. "Biophysical regulation of cell motility by adhesion ligands and growth factors : effect of spatial presentation of the ligand." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9112.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references.
A key problem in biomedical engineering today is in understanding the mechanisms which control cellular functions such as cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. The ability to engineer tissue replacements requires understanding of the interactions between the cell and its environment - the surface with which it interfaces and the fluid medium surrounding it. We are interested in designing a biologically inspired substrata which controls mammalian cell migration based on principles of receptor/ligand interactions involved in its regulation. Recent studies have shown that integrin cell surface receptors for the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins initiate signaling cascades, some of which are in common with those initiated by growth factors. We have quantitatively investigated the potential synergy between growth factors and ECM ligands in governance of cell motility. In initial experiments using a model system of the ECM protein fibronectin and epidermal growth factor (EGF), we found that locomotion speed of a mouse fibroblast cell line is affected by combinations of EGF and fibronectin in diverse ways that can be accounted for by a biophysical model for migration. Following on these finding, we have designed a minimalistic artificial matrix using the linear peptide sequence, arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (ROD), derived from fibronectin as the adhesion ligand, conjugated to a protein resistant poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) surface. With this system, we have identified a role for the micro-level spatial presentation of the ROD peptide integrin ligand in stimulating migration. In addition, we have investigated the role of presentation of EGF as a soluble ligand in its governance of cell motility. We find that presentation of EGF in an autocrine manner in human mammary epithelial cells, where the cell simultaneously synthesizes the receptor and the ligand, results in the regulation of the directionality of cell motion. Formation of cell surface EGF/EGFR complexes in an autocrine manner causes an increased persistence of cell motion which is abrogated upon addition of EGF into the bulk extracellular media. These studies highlight the importance of quantitative deconstruction of a biological problem and have important ramifications for the rational design of cell receptor/ligand interactions to control cell behavior.
by Gargi Maheshwari.
Ph.D.
Bertrand, Hélène. "Hétérocycles aromatiques étendus : variations structurales pour l'auto-assemblage bi-dimensionnel et la reconnaissance d'ADN G-quadruplexe." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00343363.
Full textDans ce but, nous avons développé une famille de molécules, les triazatrinaphthylènes (TrisK), se caractérisant par un large coeur aromatique ainsi que par la diversité des chaînes latérales qui peuvent y être introduites, leur nature gouvernant le type d'application désirée.
L'introduction de chaînes lipophiles confère aux TrisKs des propriétés d'auto-assemblage sur des surfaces. Les monocouches auto-assemblées obtenues sont étudiées par microscopie à effet tunnel (STM). Ces études constituent un premier pas dans la caractérisation des TrisKs en tant qu'éventuels composants actifs dans le domaine des matériaux organiques.
La substitution des TrisKs par des chaînes aminées leur apporte de l'hydro-solubilité, les rendant particulièrement adaptés pour le ciblage d'une structure particulière d'ADN,
l'ADN G-quadruplexe. Cette structure est actuellement étudiée de manière intensive pour son rôle central dans ce qui pourrait constituer une nouvelle stratégie anti-cancéreuse. Nous avons également développé l'utilisation de complexes de platine pour interagir sélectivement avec ces structures.
Husson, Jérôme Beley Marc. "Synthèse et étude de complexes de métaux de transition pour de nouveaux matériaux à applications photovoltaïques." Metz : Université Metz, 2008. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/2004/Husson.Jerome.SMZ0406.pdf.
Full textHusson, Christian. "Complexation de lanthanides trivalents par des ligands azotés et oxygénés à base cyclohexanique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10163.
Full textPETIT, PIERRE. "Magnetisme et proprietes de conduction des derives cristallins et liquides cristallins de la bisphtalocyanine de lutecium : effet de dimensionnalite." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13163.
Full textHusson, Jérôme. "Synthèse et étude de complexes de métaux de transition pour de nouveaux matériaux à applications photovoltaïques." Metz, 2004. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2004/Husson.Jerome.SMZ0406.pdf.
Full textTerpyridine ligands are prepared. These ligands are functionalised at position 4' either by heterocycles such as furan, thiophene and pyrrole, or by a carboxylic acid (or a precursor). To prepare these compounds, a new method using alumina as a base without solvent is used. These ligands are used in the preparation of ruthenium (II) complexes. Two kinds of complexes are prepared : homoleptic complexes in which both ligands are functionalised by an heterocycle, and heteroleptic ones in which one ligand is functionalised by an heterocycle, and the other one by carboxylic acid function. For the latter, a new access is presented. It is based on the oxidation of a furan ring into a carboxylic acid, directly on the complex. Photo-physical and electrochemical properties of these complexes are studied. These complexes are also used in preparation of new materials. Homeleptic ones allow preparation of oligomers containing metallic centres by electro-polymerisation. Heteroleptic ones are used in the preparation of modified electrodes by covalent bonding with the carboxylic acid function
Lee, Anna. "The effect of deuteration on receptor-ligand binding." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/61309.
Full textScience, Faculty of
Physics and Astronomy, Department of
Graduate
Scholefield, Caroline. "Characterisation of residues that effect trafficking and ligand selectivity within ligand binding sites of kainate receptors." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.559234.
Full textModl, Moritz [Verfasser], and Manfred [Akademischer Betreuer] Scheer. "Effect of Penta-arylated Cp Ligands on Synthesis and Reactivity of Transition Metal Eₙ (E = P, As) Ligand Complexes / Moritz Modl ; Betreuer: Manfred Scheer." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1186993405/34.
Full textKrymowski, Kevin E. "The Effect of Ligand Variation on Two-Dimensional Materials." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1495802952188467.
Full textToublet, Francois-Xavier. "Conception, synthèse et évaluation biologique de prodrogues pléiotropes d'intérêt dans la maladie d'Alzheimer." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC429.
Full textAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease which is still poorly understood. The drugs currently used against AD, mainly cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEI), are considered clinically insufficient and are responsible for deleterious side effects. ChE are, however, currently receiving renewed interest through the discovery of a chaperone role played in the pathogenesis of AD. But ChE could also serve as an activating protein for pleiotropic prodrugs. Indeed, inhibiting central ChE with brain-penetrating designed carbamates which are able to covalently bind to the enzyme and to concomitantly liberate active metabolites in the brain could constitute a clinically more efficient approach which, additionally, is less likely to cause peripheral side effects.This thesis has opened up new synthetic pathways, coupled with in vitro and in vivo studies of pleiotropic prodrugs targeting both AChE and BuChE with another therapeutic target such as 5-HT4 and / or 5-HT6 serotoninergic receptors. But also the study new compounds very interesting and never yet describes: pleiotropic self-immolative linkers.This plural activity could bring to AD patients effective, relatively safe, symptomatic and disease-modifying therapeutic benefits
Dupont, Peter John. "Isolating the pro-apoptotic effect of Fas ligand in transplantation." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430751.
Full textWu, Yonghong 1969. "Bioavailability and rhizotoxicity of trace metals to pea : development of a terrestrial biotic ligand model." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103309.
Full textNemra, Ghinwa. "Comportement electrochimique de nouveaux complexes a liaison pd-pd et pt-pd stabilises par des ligands bidentates ph : :(2)pch::(2)pph::(2)." Strasbourg 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR13055.
Full textKhalil, Ayman. "Effet de micronutriments, ligands du récepteur AhR sur l'inflammation intestinale." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX22958.
Full textSuleimanov, Iurii. "Nano-objets et nano-composites à transition de spin basés sur des complexes du fer(II) avec des ligands 1,2,4-triazoles." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30017.
Full textThe thesis is devoted to the preparation of new nanoobjects and nanocomposites of spin crossover complexes [Fe(Htrz)2(trz)](BF4) and [Fe(NH2-trz)3](NO3)2 (where Htrz - 1,2,4-triazole, trz - 1,2,4-trazolato, NH2-trz - 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole) and investigation their properties. Nanoobjects of mixed-ligand complexes with different ratio of 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole to 1,2,4-triazole were synthesized in reverse emulsions. It was shown that the increasing of the of 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole quantity leads to the increasing of nanoparticles anisotropy while spin crossover temperatures decrease. Double-step spin transition was observed at 20% mol of 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole, while at concentrations over 50% mol. spin crossover properties of [Fe(Htrz)2(trz)](BF4) completely disappear. Investigations of their morpholgy, size and spin transition characteristics as well as investigations of mechanisms of the fluorescent properties change under the spin switching process are shown. We consider obtaining nanoobjects of mixed-ligand complexes of iron (II) based on 1,2,4-triazole and 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole. The ligands ratio influences the morphology, size and characteristics of the spin transition of nanoobjects obtained. New modification of the complex [Fe(NH2-trz)3](NO3)2 in the form of nanoobjects was obtained using ligand excess. High transition temperature of this form was evidenced by various methods of analysis. This form was found to be isostructural with a resolved structure of [Fe(NH2-trz)3](NO3)2 · 2H2O. Series of nanocomposites with plasmonic and luminescent properties were prepares. For the core-shell composite with gold nanoparticles higher efficiency of the spin state switching due to the photothermal effect was demonstrated in comparison to the control sample. Fluorescent spin crossover composites with quantum dots, organic luminophors and terbium complexes were described. For all these composites the luminescence intensity variation as a function of temperature have been found. The mechanisms responsable of the luminescence intensity variation at two spin state are discussed. These mechanisms include resonant energy transfer, mechanical strain and photon reabsorption. High photostability fort he terbium - spin crossover composite is demonstrated comparing to previously obtained similar spin crossover luminescetnt composites. An example of a practical application of obtained composites for manufacturing fluorescent thermosensitive paper is shown
Joachim, Christian. "Eléments d'électronique intramoléculaire : couplage effectif, conductance, optimisation de fils et commutateurs intramoléculaires." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30030.
Full textSavoye, Chantal. "Effets des ligands sur la radiolyse de l'adn." Orléans, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ORLE2060.
Full textHOUOT, MARIE-PIERRE. "Role des recepteurs mitochondriaux aux benzodiazepines et effets de ligands de ces recepteurs sur la steroidogenese." Strasbourg 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994STR15010.
Full textSutaria, Adil Dinyar. "The effect of heterodentate chelating P-N ligands on allyl and alkyl complexes of palladium and platinum." Thesis, University of Salford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308256.
Full textLovat, Silvia. "Oxygen transfer catalysis by d0 metal complexes : activation/deactivation by Lewis base co-ligands." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3427013.
Full textLa trasformazione ossidativa di gruppi funzionali costituisce una delle reazioni fondamentali della chimica organica ed è alla base di moltissimi processi sintetici. Si tratta di un settore che è oggetto di un continuo lavoro di ricerca, indirizzato sia alla risoluzione di problemi sintetico-applicativi che alla comprensione dei meccanismi che operano in tali processi il cui interesse è così vasto da includere reazioni che avvengono anche in sistemi biologici. Negli enzimi, così come nei catalizzatori artificiali, la presenza di metalli in elevato stato di ossidazione permette l'attivazione di acqua ossigenata (H2O2) e di idroperossidi alchilici (RO2H) consentendo l’ossidazione di diversi substrati organici. Sia negli enzimi che nei sistemi artificiali particolare importanza riveste l’intorno chimico della specie reattiva metalloperossidica responsabile del trasferimento di ossigeno. I leganti al centro metallico, siano essi di natura proteica o costituiti da molecole di sintesi, sono in grado di aumentare non solo la stabilità e la reattività ma anche la capacità di stereoselezione del centro reattivo. Tuttavia, si trovano in letteratura numerosi esempi di come la reattività, la stabilità e la stereoselezione di processi sintetici catalizzati da complessi con leganti polidentati vengano ampiamente influenzati anche dalla presenza di additivi, o leganti monodentati per lo più basici, in seguito alla loro interazione con il metallo. L’influenza che leganti polidentati e co-leganti monodentati possono avere sulla reattività di numerosi sistemi catalitici è parte degli argomenti trattati nel primo capitolo di questa tesi di dottorato. In particolare abbiamo voluto indirizzare la nostra attenzione verso processi reattivi, soprattutto di tipo ossidativo, che vengono accelerati in seguito all’azione sia di leganti polidentati che di co-leganti monodentati. I numerosi esempi che sono stati riportati su questo argomento, tratti dalla recente letteratura, sono stati suddivisi all’interno di due classi di fenomeni: la “ligand accelerated catalysis” (LAC) e la “co-ligand accelerated catalysis” (CO-LAC). Nella LAC, secondo la definizione di Sharpless, l’aggiunta di un legante chirale polidentato induce la formazione, tramite scambio di legante, di un nuovo complesso metallico dotato di una aumentata reattività che spesso si accompagna anche ad una aumentata stereoselettività. Nella CO-LAC invece, l’aggiunta di un legante monodentato chirale o achirale, induce una modificazione della reattività del complesso metallico senza che vi sia scambio di legante. Numerosi esempi di CO-LAC prevedono l’utilizzo di leganti monodentati basici. Durante questo dottorato, abbiamo potuto constatare che il processo di trasferimento di ossigeno verso il metil p-tolil solfuro catalizzato da un complesso polisilosanico di V(V) recanti sostituenti iso-butilici in presenza di CHP come ossidante primario viene accelerato, anche di 24 volte, a seguito dell’aggiunta di basi di Lewis in quantità confrontabili con quelle del catalizzatore. Nel Capitolo 2 i dati sperimentali riportati evidenziano l’esistenza di una corrispondenza tra accelerazione osservata del processo e natura elettron donatrice della base di Lewis usata. Più elettron ricca è la base di Lewis maggiore è la reattività del sistema e, probabilmente a causa delle migliori capacità coordinanti del co-legante, minore è la quantità di base di Lewis necessaria per avere l’effetto massimo. Calcoli computazionali condotti hanno dimostrato come la coordinazione di basi di Lewis al vanadio inducano variazioni di distribuzione elettronica con aumento di densità elettronica all’ossigeno della specie reattiva metalloperossidica coinvolto nel trasferimento di ossigeno e contemporanea diminuzione della stessa a livello del centro metallico con conseguente stabilizzazione dell’intermedio reattivo. Lo studio sugli effetti delle basi di Lewis in processi di trasferimento di ossigeno a solfuri organici è stato esteso anche verso un’altra classe di leganti ossia le trifenolammine. Nel Capitolo 3 sono stati investigati processi catalitici di ossidazione del metil p-tolil solfuro per mezzo di cumilidroperossido come ossidante primario in presenza di otto complessi ammino tri-fenolati di metalli d0 [Sc(III), Ti(IV), Zr(IV), Hf(IV), V(V), Nb(V), Ta(V), Mo(VI)]. La reattività e la selettività di questi processi, sia in assenza che in presenza di una base di Lewis forte come il dimetilesil-N-ossido è stata determinata sperimentalmente. I dati sperimentali ottenuti sono stati correlati con i valori di elettronegatività di Sanderson e tramite studi teorici sono state tratte delle delucidazioni sulle caratteristiche della specie reattiva metalloperossidica. I dati sperimentali raccolti e i calcoli teorici ci hanno permesso di proporre un meccanismo generale per spiegare l’attivazione della specie perossidica e la sua reattività. Nel Capitolo 4 sono descritti i complessi ammino tri-fenolati di ossovanadio(V) come modelli funzionali e strutturali di aloperossidasi, grazie alla loro geometria trigonale bipiramidale e alla loro abilità nel catalizzare efficacemente sia le solfossidazioni così come la bromurazione e la clorurazione del trimetossibenzene. In particolare, nell’ossidazione di solfuri, usando perossido d’idrogeno come ossidante primario, sono state ottenute con rese quantitative in prodotto con alta chemoselettività, anche in presenza dello 0.01% di catalizzatore, con TON fino a 9900 e TOF fino a 8000 h-1. Nel caso della bromurazione si sono ottenuti TON pari a 1260 e TOF fino a 220 h-1 usando fino allo 0.05% di catalizzatore. Nel Capitolo 5 viene riportata una serie di strategie di sintesi per la formazione di un nuovo legante trisilanolico polisilossanico recante lunghe catene perfluorurate come sostituenti.
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