Journal articles: 'Effet de compression'

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Lussiana, T., A. Terrillon, J. L. Raynaud, N. Tordi, L. Mourot, and A. Ménétrier. "Effet dose-réponse de la compression élastique sur les vibrations musculaires." Science & Sports 30, no. 2 (April 2015): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2014.09.004.

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Bouchereau, A., C. Martinet, G. Gamache, J. L. Honeine, and P. Rougier. "Effet des bas de compression sur la stabilisation hémodynamique et posturale." Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology 45, no. 4-5 (November 2015): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neucli.2015.10.076.

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Didier RASTEL. "Principes de base, mode d’action et effets de la compression médicale en pathologie vasculaire." Les pathologies vasculaires (anciennement ANGEIOLOGIE) 71, no. 01 (March 1, 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.54695/mva.71.01.2234.

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La compression médicale dans les affections vasculairesest un traitement ancien mais son action physiologique estencore mal comprise. Le catalogue des effets sur l’organisme est riche notamment sur le plan de l’action macroet microcirculatoire mais la relation entre effets physiologiques et bénéfice clinique reste à ce jour peu claire. Larelation dose-effet est difficile à mesurer dans les étudeset la variabilité de la pression exercée sur les membres d’unindividu à l’autre rend la généralisation des résultats délicate. Cependant, deux effets principaux de la compressionpeuvent être mise en avant : sa capacité d’aide au drainageau niveau micro-circulatoire et son rôle dans la réductionde la pression trans-murale

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SAMI, Soraya, and Kamel BOUZID. "Treatment of bone metastases by intravenous bisphosphonates and denosumab in breast cancer." Batna Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS) 6, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.48087/bjmsra.2019.6106.

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Les métastases osseuses sont fréquentes dans le cancer du sein. Elles sont à l’origine d’une morbidité importante, entrainant des fractures, des douleurs osseuses, une compression médullaire ou une hypercalcémie. Les bisphosphonates intraveineux et le denosumab, associés aux différents traitements multidisciplinaires, améliorent la qualité de vie des patients. En effet, ils permettent une réduction des complications osseuses et la survenue des événements osseux.

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Leclerc, Marc. "Traumatismes de la carapace chez la tortue : présentation de la technique de cerclage en huit." Le Nouveau Praticien Vétérinaire canine & féline 20, no. 85 (2023): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/npvcafe/2024011.

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Les traumatismes de la carapace sont fréquemment rapportés chez tous les types de tortues. Sous les écailles se trouve un agencement de plaques osseuses qui protègent les organes de la cavité cœlomiques. Les poumons sont les organes les plus dorsaux, ils couvrent les autres viscères. Lors de traumatisme, il faut réaliser un bilan lésionnel complet, puis stabiliser cliniquement l’animal. Vient ensuite la bonne gestion des plaies, qui est un préambule essentiel à la stabilisation orthopédique. Les rinçages favorisent l’assainissement des plaies par détersion autolytique. Lors de perte de fragments, la reconstruction anatomique devient impossible, c’est alors la cicatrisation par seconde intention qui est favorisée jusqu’à l’obtention d’un tissu osseux. Une fois les plaies assainies, de nombreuses techniques de stabilisation ont été décrites (résines, colliers, plaques). Cependant une seule – le cerclage en huit avec effet de hauban – révèle sa supériorité en mêlant simplicité de la technique et limitation du traumatisme, le tout associé à une excellente stabilité liée à la mise en compression des abouts osseux. Après la réalisation d’un protocole anesthésique classique, cette technique est obtenue par la mise en place, perpendiculairement et à égale distance du trait de fracture, de 2 vis insérées avec des angles convergents. Ces vis sont reliées par un fil de cerclage en acier qui, lors du serrage, appliquera une force de compression par effet de hauban.

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Khamlichi, Abdellatif, Mohammed Bezzazi, Larbi Elbakkali, and Ali Limam. "Effet des imperfections géométriques sur la stabilité des coques élastiques cylindriques." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 31, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l03-084.

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The effects of geometrical imperfections on the critical load of elastic cylindrical shells when subjected to axial compression are studied through analytical modelling. In addition to distributed defects of both axisymmetric or asymmetric forms, emphasis is put on the more severe case of localized defects satisfying the axial symmetry. The Von Kármán – Donnell shell equations were used. The obtained results show that shell strength at buckling varies very much with the defect amplitude. These variations are not monotonic in general. They indicate however a clear reduction of the shell critical load for some defects revealed as the most dangerous ones. The proposed method does not consider the complete coupled situation that may arise from interactions between several localized defects. It facilitates nevertheless straightforward initializing of closer analyses if such couplings are to be taken into account by means of special numerical approaches, because it enables fast a priori selection of the most hazardous isolated defects.Key words: stability, buckling, imperfections, thin shells, silos, localized defects.

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RAMANANDRAIBE, Tanteliniaina Mbolanirina, Pierre RAKOTOMAMONJY, Guy Joël ROBISONARISON, and Edouard Ravalison ANDRIANARISON. "Amélioration Des Qualités Mécaniques D’une Brique De Terre Comprimée Stabilisée Au Ciment Par Trempe De Consolidation Au Silicate De Soude." International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies 38, no. 1 (April 30, 2023): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v38.1.5195.

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Le ciment constitue un stabilisant courant pour la stabilisation des briques en terre crue, pourtant sa production dégage beaucoup de gaz à effet de serre nuisibles pour l’environnement. De plus, son coût élevé limite son utilisation dans la stabilisation des matériaux en terre. En effet, une brique de terre comprimée stabilisée au ciment BTCSC nécessite l’ajout d’une teneur assez élevée supérieur à 5% de ciment pour assurer une bonne résistance mécanique à la compression. Cependant, ces BTCSC ont la faiblesse de ne pas résister à l’immersion dans l’eau. Notre objectif est de maintenir à 5% la quantité de ciment apportée pour stabiliser les BTCSC et d’améliorer sa qualité mécanique par traitement avec la solution de silicate de soude ou d’autres silicates solubles préparés à partir de la cendre de balle de riz CBR comme agent de consolidation des BTCSC par géopolymérisation. La méthode innovante apportée dans nos expérimentations consiste à augmenter les résistances mécaniques des BTCSC par trempe de consolidation de 24 heures dans une solution diluée de silicate de soude SSS. Par cette méthode, les briquettes de terre comprimée stabilisée au ciment consolidées à la solution de silicate de soude BTCSCS ont alors acquis un surcroît de résistance mécanique à la compression à sec atteignant 40,39% comparée à celle des BTCSC à 7 jours de prise. Leur capacité de résistance mécanique à l’immersion de 48 heures dans l’eau a augmenté jusqu’à 43,17% par rapport à celle des BTCSC.

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Ma, Wei Hua, and Hong Zhen Kang. "Experimental Study on Compressive Behavior of CFRP Confined Concrete Columns." Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (January 2012): 3725–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.3725.

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Compressive tests of 30 concrete column specimens with three concrete strength grades are carried out in this paper to study ultimate compressive strength of specimens. The specimens are divided into three groups, that is, unconfined, confined by CFRP with no initial compression and confined by CFRP with various initial compressions. The different initial compressions’ influence on ultimate stresses and strains are investigated. The decrease of CFRP reinforcing effect due to pre-compression are analyzed. The research results provide experimental datum for reinforced design of existing concrete columns.

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Gharbi, Mohamed, and Mohamed Aymen Labiod. "Une application comparative pour l’enseignement des méthodes de compression d’images par transformées orthogonales." J3eA 21 (2022): 2039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/j3ea/20222039.

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Nous proposons dans cette contribution une interface graphique comme outil pédagogique pour l’enseignement des méthodes de compression par transformées orthogonales utilisées dans l’encodage d’images. Cet outil est utilisé dans l’enseignement proposé aux étudiants en MASTER du département Développement, Recherche, Enseignement en Audiovisuel et Multimédia (DREAM) de l’Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (Valenciennes – France). Les offres de formation s’appuient notamment sur un enseignement du traitement de signal, des images ainsi que la compression des images et de la vidéo. Les deux aspects analogique et numérique du traitement du signal sont enseignés. Cet interface graphique a été développé pour permettre aux étudiants de mieux appréhender l’influence des différents paramètres intervenant dans une chaîne de compression numérique des images. A travers cet outil, nous proposons aux étudiants une nouvelle approche à la compréhension des transformées matricielles utilisées dans l’encodage des images et de la quantification sur la qualité des images compressées par plusieurs transformées. En effet, cet outil, par le biais de l’ajustement des différents paramètres intervenant dans le chaîne de compression, permet aux étudiants d’étudier et de comparer plusieurs transformées orthogonales à savoir la Transformée en Cosinus Discrète (DCT), la Transformée de Karhunen-Loève (KLT) sous les deux versions séparable ou non, la Transformation de Fourier Discrète (TFD) ainsi que la Transformée d’Hadamard. Ainsi, visuellement par le biais de l’image reconstruite et par le rapport signal à bruit cet outil permet aux étudiants d’apprécier le choix des paramètres qu’ils ont fixés pour l’obtention de leurs résultats.

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Marais, Christian, and Anne Mavel. "Ténacité des composites vieillis. Effet du vieillissement thermique sur la résistance en compression de composites carbone/BMI." Revue des composites et des matériaux avancés 12, no. 1 (April 23, 2002): 95–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rcma.12.95-116.

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Lee, Jae-Min, and Hyeong-Wan Yun. "Effect of Chest Compression Position Depending on the Rescuer’s Hip Joint Angle During Basic CPR." Fire Science and Engineering 34, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.0902eaff.

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This study aims to investigate the improvement in basic CPR quality on the basis of the hip joint angle of the rescuer among students in the Department of Emergency Medical Technology who completed a basic CPR curriculum. In this study, we carried out a comparative analysis using SimPad SkillReporter and Resusci Anne® QCPR® to measure the quality of CPR (depth of chest compressions, full relaxation, compression speed, and more) on the basis of the rescuer’s hip joint angle in accordance with the 2015 AHA Guidelines and conducted chest compressions and CPR 5 times in a 30:2 ratio. It was found that maintenance of the rescuer’s hip joint angle at 90 degrees while compressing and relaxing the chest made a statistically significant difference in both the experimental and control groups. Moreover, this indicated that the closer the hip joint angle was to 90 degrees, the better was the quality of basic CPR. However, there was no significant difference in the hip joint angle, degree of CPR, depth of chest compressions, chest compression speed, chest compression and relaxation percentages (%), accuracy of chest compressions, hands-off time during CPR, and percentage of chest compression time (p > 0.05). Maintaining the hip joint angle at 90 degrees for basic CPR was not significantly different from not maintaining this angle. Nonetheless, good results have been obtained at moderate depth and 100% recoil. Therefore, good outcome and high-quality CPR are expected.

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HAN, FENGXIA, QING LIU, XIN GUO, MENG ZHANG, and XIA HAN. "ANALYTICAL STUDY ON AXIAL AND ECCENTRIC COMPRESSIVE BEHAVIOR OF POPLAR COLUMN STRENGTHENED BY BFRP." WOOD RESEARCH 67(1) 2022 67, no. 1 (January 16, 2022): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/67.1.1125.

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In this work, the compression behaviour of the Xinjiang poplar column was reinforced by basalt fibre reinforced polymer (BFRP) strips with different reinforced configurations, and thenumerical simulations were performed on the axial and eccentric compressions of poplar columns unreinforced and reinforced with BFRP to assess the effect of the bearing capacity and deformation of the columns. The results show that the use of BFRP to reinforce the Xinjiang poplar column effectively improves its axial compressive bearing capacity (axial compression) andbending bearing capacity (eccentric compression), and at the same time, the bearing capacity and stiffness of the columns strengthened by BFRP increased with the bonding area of BFRP.

13

Plaisance, P., F. Adnet, D. Epain, J. L. Petit, P. Ecollan, Brigitte Hennequln, Phllippe M.A.gne, et al. "R224 Effet de la compression-decompression active sur la survie a long terme chez des patients en arret cardiaque extra-hospitalier." Annales Françaises d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation 17, no. 8 (January 1998): 924. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0750-7658(98)80343-2.

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Chauveau, M., G. Thiney, S. Bassez, F. Cros, A. Ouchene, and F. Verriere. "Chaussette de compression à effet barrière aux infrarouges pour limiter l’échauffement de la peau en conditions estivales. Étude clinique de validation." Journal des Maladies Vasculaires 40, no. 5 (September 2015): 312–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmv.2015.07.102.

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Baraka, Abdelhak, Mohammed Matallah, Mustapha Djafour, and Mokhtar Bouazza. "Caractérisation des effets régissant le comportement dynamique du béton." Matériaux & Techniques 106, no. 5 (2018): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/2018043.

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La description du comportement du béton sous chargements dynamiques (explosions, collisions, séismes…) fait actuellement l’objet de nombreux travaux de recherches. Bien que la modélisation reste complexe pour ce matériau à cause de la présence simultanée de plusieurs phénomènes (l’endommagement, les effets d’inertie et de viscosité, la fissuration…), un bon nombre d’approches ont été proposé en associant ces phénomènes (endommagement (Pedersen et al., Eng. Fract. Mech. 75, 3782 (2008) [1]), viscosité (Bazant et al., J. Eng. Mech. ASCE 126(9), 971 (2000a); Bazant et al., J. Eng. Mech. ASCE 126(9), 962 (2000b) [2,3])…, effet d’inertie (Reinhardt & Weerheijm, Int. J. Fract. 51, 31 (1991) [4])). Avec une loi d’endommagement, ce travail formule une description du comportement dynamique du béton en traction et en compression. Fondée sur des concepts physiques (la rigidité non linéaire endommageable associée à la déformation, la viscosité, l’inertie associée à l’accélération et la rupture par résonance), cette loi décrit l’évolution de ces différents effets intervenants lors d’un chargement dynamique du matériau. Enfin, sous la lumière des résultats, l’article propose une interprétation physique à la rupture par écaillage qui apparaît dans le béton surtout sous des charges impulsionnelles en traction (un plan de rupture droit, qui passe parfois à travers les granulats).

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Fontaine, J. P., M. A. Houenou, V. Baumier, V. Jumel, R. Porcher, B. Coudert, M. Raphael, and M. Prevel. "184 - La cryo-compression a-t-elle un effet antalgique dans les traumatismes fermés de la cheville et du pied aux urgences ?" Journal Européen des Urgences 17 (March 2004): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0993-9857(04)97194-4.

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Guemidi, Ismahene, Hosni Abderrahmane Taleb, and Yazid Abdelaziz. "Effet de rapport E/C sur le comportement rhéologique et physico-mécanique de Béton à Haute Performance élaboré à base de pouzzolane naturelle." Journal of Engineering and Exact Sciences 10, no. 2 (January 11, 2024): 17490. http://dx.doi.org/10.18540/jcecvl10iss2pp17490.

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Les bétons à hautes performances (BHP) sont des bétons qui présentent des résistances mécaniques élevées (> 60 MPa) et une micro texture très dense (faible porosité), qui empêche la pénétration des agents agressifs. Dans le contexte de ce travail une étude expérimentale a été faite à fin d’élaborer un béton BHP à base des matériaux locaux disponible dans la région de Béchar, dont le but de réduire le cout de BHP. Le deuxième objectif de ce travail est de voir l’influence du rapport E/C (0.3, 0.35, 0.4) sur le comportement rhéologique et physico-mécanique (la maniabilité, porosité, résistances à la compression, résistance à la flexion, l’absorption d’eau et la masse volumique) de BHP élaboré à base de pouzzolane naturelle de la région de Boukais (Bechar), et voir aussi l’effet de la pouzzolane naturelle qui a utilisé comme une substitution partielle dans le ciment portland (10% et 20%) sur le comportement physico-mécanique de BHP.

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RISSO, J. J., J. É. BLATTEAU, N. VALLÉE, J. H. ABRAINI, F. VIDAL, and C. MECKLER. "Narcose aux gaz inertes : risque cognitif pour l’équipage d’un sous-marin en détresse et pour son équipe de sauvetage." Médecine et Armées Vol. 43 No. 1, Volume 43, Numéro 1 (February 1, 2015): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.6863.

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Dans un sous-marin en détresse avec une voie d’eau, la compression de l’air présent dans un compartiment augmente la pression partielle d’azote, soumettant ainsi l’équipage à un risque de narcose. Afin de pouvoir se connecter à ce sousmarin, le véhicule de secours doit être à la même pression. L’équipe médicale intervenante est ainsi soumise au même risque. La narcose entraîne des symptômes apparents, mais aussi une dégradation du traitement sensorimoteur, potentiellement dangereuse pour le bon déroulement de la mission de sauvetage. Le traitement sensorimoteur est en effet à la base de la majeure partie des actions volontaires. Afin d’appréhender l’impact de la narcose dans le contexte du sauvetage de sous-marin, nous avons bénéficié de sessions de plongées d’essais à saturation, ce qui nous a permis de comparer une condition non narcotique (normobare) à une condition narcotique (hyperbare). Les plongeurs ont réalisé, dans ces deux conditions, une tâche particulière permettant l’étude spécifique de l’étape décisionnelle du traitement sensorimoteur. La méthode des facteurs additifs a confirmé l’altération de cette étape par la narcose.

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Lee, Sang Eon, and Jung-Wuk Hong. "Effect of Crack Closure on Magnitude of Modulated Wave." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 20, no. 13 (December 2020): 2041018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455420410187.

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Fatigue cracks generated by repeated loads cause structural failures. Such cracks grow continuously and at an increasing speed owing to the concentration of stresses near the crack tips. Therefore, the early detection of fatigue cracks is imperative in the field of structural-health monitoring for the safety of structures exposed to dynamic loading. In particular, the detection of those cracks subjected to compression is known as a challenging problem in the nondestructive inspection area. The nonlinear ultrasonic modulation technique is effective for the detection of microcracks smaller than the size of a wavelength because this technique uses the deformation of waves passing through the crack surfaces. However, the technique has not been thoroughly verified for detecting cracks subjected to external forces. In this study, nonlinear ultrasonic modulation tests are performed on two types of crack specimens under compressive forces. The results show that in fatigue-cracked specimens, the cracks can be detected using modulated waves even under strong compressions. With artificial cracks, buckling occurs at a relatively low compression, and the amounts of modulated waves rapidly increase due to the bending of the specimen before buckling failure takes place. In this study, the crack detection methodology under compression is proposed and experimentally verified. The proposed method might be beneficial to find cracks under compression in various structural components.

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Heureuse, Uwitonze Ndagijimana. "Analyse d’une structure en béton arme de cinq niveau pouvant servir comme appartement dans la." International Journal of Civil Engineering, Construction and Estate Management 11, no. 2 (February 15, 2023): 70–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/ijcecem.14/vol11n270101.

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Le présent article a été élaboré dans le but de déterminer les éléments de structures d’une structure en béton armé R+4 pouvant servir comme appartement, les dimensions de ces éléments conformément avec la sécurité imposée et les règlements en vigueur, les caractéristiques du béton à utiliser, les aciers à employer et surtout comment allier ces deux éléments. Ensuite, elle devra entre autres durer dans le temps et résister aux éventuelles intempéries (vent, poussée des terres, …). Notre étude se propose l’objectif de faire une bonne étude de dimensionnement d’une structure en béton armé de cinq niveaux pouvant servir comme appartement dans la ville de Goma. Nous avons utilisé la méthode BTP qui nous a permis d’effectuer les calculs suivant les règles, les domaines d’application de réaliser la conception dans la structure tout en suivant les normes requises pour cet effet et la méthode analytique qui nous a permis d’analyser systématiquement les données ainsi que les informations récoltées afin d’en tirer de conclusion des recommandations. Cette méthode analytique nous a permis de déterminer les dimensions des éléments constituant notre structure. Après calcul, nous avons obtenu les résultats suivants : TOITURE TARRASSE Epaisseur de la dalle h=15cm ; suivant la petite portée : 6HA8 ; suivant la grande portée : 7HA8 DALLE A CORPS CREUX : Epaisseur de la dalle h=0,20m HOURDIS : h=0,16m DALLE DE COMPRESSION : Epaisseur de la dalle de compression h=0,4m avec les armatures : 3HA8/ml SECTION EN T POUTREILLE : H=0,40m ; b=0,20m ; Armature : 2HA10 POTEAU : Section 20cmX40cm LONGRINE : b=0,20m ; h=0,20m ; Armature principale : HA8 ; Armature de répartition : HA6 SEMELLE : A=0,5m ; B=1m ; Armature principale : 3HA12 ; Armature de répartition : 5HA12 Ayant respecté le coefficient minimum de sécurité, nous nous rassurons que cet immeuble de cinq niveau résisterait aux catastrophe naturelles bien qu’il soit construit dans une région volcanique

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Liu, Chunlei, Qun Zheng, Qi Wang, Aqiang Lin, Yuting Jiang, and Mingcong Luo. "Sensitivity Analysis of Multistage Compressor Characteristics Under the Spray Atomization Effect Using a CFD Model." Energies 12, no. 2 (January 18, 2019): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12020301.

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In this paper, a CFD model is used to simulate the effect of spray atomization at the compressor inlet on a multistage axial subsonic compressor. Special attention is paid to the change of compressor characteristics with wet compression under different rotating speeds to gain the compressor characteristic lines of wet compression. The effects of pneumatic crushing and blade-wall-collision on water droplets and droplet trajectories are contrasted and analyzed under different spray conditions. Then, the whole/stage-by-stage compressor performances and the flow field are also investigated under dry and wet cases near the design operating condition. The results indicate that multistage compressor performance can be improved with wet compression under the proper water spaying rate and a small droplet size. The influence of pneumatic crushing on the water droplets below 20 μm can be ignored, and the effect of blade collision on water droplets above 5μm should be considered in the wet compression conditions. Compared to the dry compression, as measured by volume flow, wet compression with proper spaying conditions makes the front stages operate within a relatively high flow range and the back stages operate within a relatively low flow range. Additionally, the operating state with wet compression is opposite to the compressor operating near the surge boundary, which presents the phenomenon of “former surged and back blocking”.

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Shi, Feng Jian, Si Zhen Ye, Lei Gang Wang, and Sheng Lu. "Effect of Friction on Billet Deformation during Multi-Axial Compressions." Advanced Materials Research 143-144 (October 2010): 879–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.143-144.879.

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The effect of friction on compression load, effective strain, damage value and maximum principal stress were analyzed by rigid-plastic finite element method during multi-axial compressions (MAC). The results show that with the number of compressions, the maximum compression load increases gradually, the effective strain distributes ringwise and the maximum effective strain is in the center and the minimum at the surface. The damage is inclined to appear at the barreled shape perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. With the increase of friction coefficient, the maximum compression load, strain inhomogeneity, damage value and maximum principal stress increase under the condition of same number of compression. These results indicate that the friction is adverse during MAC. Appropriate measures should be adopted to decrease the effect of frictional force.

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Grassl, Fabian F. "War Augustin der erste Calvinist? Wenn ein Lehrsystem auf Sand gebaut ist Kenneth Mitchell Wilson." European Journal of Theology 30, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/ejt2021.1.017.gras.

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Zusammenfassung Das vorliegende Buch ist die gekürzte Version einer Promotionsarbeit über die wirkmächtige Wende im Denken des Augustinus von Hippo in Bezug auf die menschliche Willensfreiheit. Trotz der komprimierten Fassung bietet die deutsche Übersetzung einen sehr guten Überblick zu den eindrucksvollen Forschungsergebnissen Wilsons, welche die Sicht auf die Spättheologie Augustins und die Bewertung des Calvinismus nachhaltig prägen werden. Summary This book is the abbreviated version of a doctoral thesis on the effective turning point in the thinking of Augustine of Hippo with regard to human freedom of will. Despite the compression, the German translation offers a very good overview of the impressive results of Wilson’s research, which will have lasting impact on the interpretation of Augustine's late theology and on the appraisal of Calvinism. Résumé Cet ouvrage est la version abrégée d’une thèse de doctorat sur le tournant important pris par la pensée d’Augustin d’Hippone sur le libre arbitre de l’homme. Malgré une exposition compacte, la traduction allemande offre un très bel aperçu des résultats impressionnants du travail de recherche de l’auteur, lesquels auront un effet durable tant sur l’interprétation de la théologie tardive d’Augustin que sur l’évaluation du calvinisme.

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Kim, Do-Young, Chang-Hoon Sim, Jae-Sang Park, Joon-Tae Yoo, Young-Ha Yoon, and Keejoo Lee. "Buckling Knockdown Factors of Composite Cylinders under Both Compression and Internal Pressure." Aerospace 8, no. 11 (November 15, 2021): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace8110346.

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The internal pressure of a thin-walled cylindrical structure under axial compression may improve the buckling stability by relieving loads and reducing initial imperfections. In this study, the effect of internal pressure on the buckling knockdown factor is investigated for axially compressed thin-walled composite cylinders with different shell thickness ratios and slenderness ratios. Various shell thickness ratios and slenderness ratios are considered when the buckling knockdown factor is derived for the thin-walled composite cylinders under both axial compression and internal pressure. Nonlinear post-buckling analyses are conducted using the nonlinear finite element analysis program, ABAQUS. The single perturbation load approach is used to represent the geometric initial imperfection of thin-walled composite cylinders. For cases with the axial compressive force only, the buckling knockdown factor decreases as the shell thickness ratio increases or as the slenderness ratio increases. When the internal pressure is considered simultaneously with the axial compressive force, the buckling knockdown factor decreases as the slenderness ratio increases but increases as the shell thickness ratio increases. The buckling knockdown factors considering the internal pressure and axial compressions are higher by 2.67% to 38.98% compared with the knockdown factors considering the axial compressive force only. The results show the significant effect of the internal pressure, particularly for thinner composite cylinders, and that the buckling knockdown factors may be enhanced for all the shell thickness ratios and slenderness ratios considered in this study when the internal pressure is applied to the cylinder.

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Sha, Yu, Hui Tang, Xin Song, and Jia Zhen Zhang. "Finite Element Analysis of the Effect of the Compressive Loading on Fatigue Crack Growth under Different Loading." Applied Mechanics and Materials 16-19 (October 2009): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.16-19.269.

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In this paper, elastic-plastic finite element analysis has been performed in order to obtain the fatigue crack tip parameters under tension-compression loading. Two centre-cracked high-strength aluminum alloy with a crack length of 2mm under different tension-compression loading are analyzed. The analysis shows that the compressive loading has a significant contribution towards the crack tip plasticity and the crack tip stress. In a tension-compression loading the crack tip displacement increases with the increase of the compressive stress and the crack tip compress stress increases with the increase of the compressive stress. The maximum stress intensity Kmax in the tension part of the stress cycle and the maximum compressive stress in the compression part of the stress cycle are the main factors controlling the near crack tip parameters.

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Clark, Michael D., Mikaela P. Davis, Meredith A. Petschauer, Erik E. Swartz, and Jason P. Mihalik. "Delivering Chest Compressions and Ventilations With and Without Men's Lacrosse Equipment." Journal of Athletic Training 53, no. 4 (April 1, 2018): 416–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-91-17.

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Context: Current management recommendations for equipment-laden athletes in sudden cardiac arrest regarding whether to remove protective sports equipment before delivering cardiopulmonary resuscitation are unclear. Objective: To determine the effect of men's lacrosse equipment on chest compression and ventilation quality on patient simulators. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Controlled laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty-six licensed athletic trainers (18 women, 8 men; age = 25 ± 7 years; experience = 2.1 ± 1.6 years). Intervention(s): In a single 2-hour session, participants were block randomized to 3 equipment conditions for compressions and 6 conditions for ventilations on human patient simulators. Main Outcome Measure(s): Data for chest compressions (mean compression depth, compression rate, percentage of correctly released compressions, and percentage of optimal compressions) and ventilations (ventilation rate, mean ventilation volume, and percentage of ventilations delivering optimal volume) were analyzed within participants across equipment conditions. Results: Keeping the shoulder pads in place reduced mean compression depth (all P values < .001, effect size = 0.835) and lowered the percentages of both correctly released compressions (P = .02, effect size = 0.579) and optimal-depth compressions (all P values < .003, effect size = 0.900). For both the bag-valve and pocket masks, keeping the chinstrap in place reduced mean ventilation volume (all P values < .001, effect size = 1.323) and lowered the percentage of optimal-volume ventilations (all P values < .006, effect size = 1.038). Regardless of equipment, using a bag-valve versus a pocket mask increased the ventilation rate (all P values < .003, effect size = 0.575), the percentage of optimal ventilations (all P values < .002, effect size = 0.671), and the mean volume (P = .002, effect size = 0.598) across all equipment conditions. Conclusions: For a men's lacrosse athlete who requires cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the shoulder pads should be lifted or removed to deliver chest compressions. The facemask and chinstrap, or the entire helmet, should be removed to deliver ventilations, preferably with a bag-valve mask.

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Coulombel, Bertrand, and Rémy Versace. "Le cerveau produit la cognition ou la cognition produit le cerveau ?" Intellectica. Revue de l'Association pour la Recherche Cognitive 74, no. 1 (2021): 29–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/intel.2021.1984.

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Après avoir défendu que l’un des principes organisateurs fondamentaux de la cognition est de servir l’existence des organismes vivants de manière pragmatique et simplifiée, puis précisé ce qu’implique ce principe organisateur en termes de fonctions et de «design» du système cognitif (modélisation et représentation adaptative du monde et de la vie pour s’interfacer avec, compression de la complexité en amont, narration et prospection amorcés depuis la base sensorielle, ...), nous argumentons qu’une conception neurale de la cognition, bien qu’envisageable et ayant ses intérêts, rend par défaut difficilement compte de ce principe organisateur et des propriétés qui en découlent, et ne se situe pas à un niveau d’analyse privilégié pour vraiment comprendre et expliquer la cognition d’un point de vue abstrait/ global. En effet, les conceptions neurales de la cognition ont tendance à devenir trop parcimonieuses, dans le sens où elles nous poussent à ré-imaginer et recontextualiser la cognition (et son origine) d’une manière particulière et contrainte, et à négliger et mal comprendre certaines propriétés et dynamiques cognitives, qui deviennent réduites à des produits du cerveau. Nous concluons que loin d’être la seule origine de la cognition, le cerveau et sa structure sont en fait eux-mêmes en partie des produits de la cognition en tant que processus global.

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Tu, Ruichen, Ning Wei, Yongmao Pei, Yan Liu, Fengguo Zhang, and Dongsheng Zhang. "The Effect of Compression on the Void Coalescence under Strong Dynamic Loading." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (February 28, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9990161.

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The void coalescence under strong dynamic loading is a significant spallation process for ductile metals. Since the spallation is basically dominated by tension waves, most void coalescence studies have focused on the tension effect. However, it is known that in spallation, the material initially undergoes a strong compression wave, and then an irreversible deformation is produced by the compression wave inside the material. Therefore, in this paper, the effect of compression on the void coalescence is investigated using the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. It was found that as the compressive strain increases, the yield strength decreases first and then increases. The results showed that due to the Bauschinger effect (BE), the yield strength decreases by 19.43% from 5.66 GPa without compressive loading to 4.56 GPa when the compressive strain is −7.5%, after which the yield strength increases. The voids do not coalesce when the compressive strain is −8%. In addition, it was found that during the compressive phase, the void surfaces would generate dislocations, which could obstruct the void coalescence in the tensile phase. Furthermore, under compressive loading, the temperature effect on the void coalescence was studied, and it was found that lower temperatures could suppress the void coalescence.

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Sun, Jianting, Xin Zhou, Qi Liang, Zhitao Zuo, and Haisheng Chen. "The Effect of Wet Compression on a Centrifugal Compressor for a Compressed Air Energy Storage System." Energies 12, no. 5 (March 8, 2019): 906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12050906.

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There is an urgent demand to reduce compression power consumption in Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) systems. Wet compression has been widely used in gas turbines to reduce compressor power consumption and improve thermal efficiency, but this technology has not been applied yet in the CAES field. In this paper, a centrifugal compressor for CAES was numerically studied to investigate the effect of wet compression on compressor and droplet motion. The results showed that wet compression makes the performance curve shift to a high-pressure ratio/efficiency. Meanwhile, wet compression lowers the stall margin and narrows the stable operation range, and the effect is enhanced with the increase of water injection ratio or the decrease of average droplet diameter. Wet compression can effectively save compressor power consumption during energy storage, and at the designed pressure ratio, the power consumption can be reduced by 1.47% with a water injection ratio of 3% and an average droplet diameter of 5 μm. Influenced by the inertia and secondary flow, the droplets migrate to the impeller pressure and shroud side, thus causing brake loss by impacting on blades. The migration of droplets strengthens with the increase in the average droplet diameter and flow coefficient.

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Aji Suryadi, Yanuar, and Gunawan. "Compressor Piping Design Effect on Vibration Data." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 88, no. 1 (October 11, 2021): 94–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.88.1.94108.

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One of the systems for oil and gas production supports is the nitrogen compression system. Problem found that condition of the compressor has high vibration with the maximum overall the first compressor is 9,813 mm / s RMS, the second compressor is 7,439 mm / s RMS, the third compressor is 7,430 mm / s RMS, the fourth compressor is 13.47 mm / s RMS, the fifth compressor is 13,220 mm / s RMS, and sixth compressor already damaged. This research will discuss the nitrogen compression process in terms of the characteristics of the output fluid flow from the compressor using computational fluid dynamics. The first piping system shows that the standby compressor's flow has a higher pressure reaching 10.72 - 11.82 Pa but it is still acceptable. The second piping system with two compressors in operation shows that the pipeline flows in the opposite direction with high pressure. Flow turbulence occurs, resulting in a higher speed. The highest pressure in the pipeline reaches 44.79 Pa, mostly at the fifth and sixth compressors. The conclusion from this research there is high pressure backflow when one compressor stops and another compressor start running. Prevents direct pressure to the compressor or the condensed fluid from the gas flowing and entering the compressor used valve addition.

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Zamfirescu, Calin. "MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION OF AN AMMONIA-WATER COMPRESSION-RESORPTION HEAT PUMPS WITH WET COMPRESSION." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 33, no. 1 (March 2009): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2009-0008.

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Wet ammonia-water compression-resorption heat pumps constitute an attractive alternative to the commonly known heat pumps based on Osenbrück cycle because they eliminate the necessity of oil-liquid refrigerant separation. In this respect, a special designed oil-free compressor operating under wet (two-phase) conditions equips the heat pump. The compressor is lubricated by the liquid refrigerant which is carried-out while compressing the vapor. The thermodynamic cycle is located completely inside the two-phase region. In this paper are demonstrated two procedures to optimize the design for COP maximization. It is shown that there is: (i) an optimal choice of the vapor quality at suction, and (ii) an optimal distribution of heat transfer surface between the resorber and the desorber (the total amount of heat transfer surface, being an expression of investment cost, is fixed). The circulating concentration of ammonia has to be chosen such that the minimum pressure in the system is over one bar (to avoid air penetration from the atmosphere) and the maximum pressure is bounded by a technical-economical maximal limit. A general procedure for calculation of the optimal cycle parameters is presented and exemplified for a case with practical relevance. The paper presents only the trends and rough quantitative estimations because the analyzed case is restricted to the ideal isentropic compression. Further research is needed to quantify in detail the effect of compression irreversibility.

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Jee, Yong Ju, and Stephen R. Swanson. "Effect of State of Stress on Compression Failure in Carbon/Epoxy Laminates." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 117, no. 3 (July 1, 1995): 347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2804550.

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Compression loadings in thick composites can in some cases lead to three-dimensional states of stress with a compressive mean stress. A model is developed in the present work that attempts to incorporate this compressive mean stress into a prediction for compression strength of carbon/epoxy fiber composites. The model assumes that the fibers have an initial misalignment, and that composite failure occurs when the fiber-matrix bond strength is exceeded. Literature values for the effect of pressure on bond strength are included. Comparisons with experimental data support the predicted increase in compression strength with pressure.

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Gindl, W. "Comparing Mechanical Properties of Normal and Compression Wood in Norway Spruce: The Role of Lignin in Compression Parallel to the Grain." Holzforschung 56, no. 4 (June 27, 2002): 395–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2002.062.

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Summary Cell-wall lignin content and composition, as well as microfibril angle of normal and compression wood samples were determined prior to mechanical testing in compression parallel to the grain. No effect of increased lignin content on the Young's modulus in compression wood was discernible because of the dominating influence of microfibril angle. In contrast, compressive strength of compression wood was not negatively affected by the high microfibril angle. It is proposed that the observed high lignification in compression wood increases the resistance of the cell walls to compression failure. An increased percentage of p-hydroxyphenylpropane units observed in compression wood lignin may also contribute to the comparably high compressive strength of compression wood.

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Qiu, Tian, and Lihong Liang. "Size effect on the compressive mechanical properties of pearl with “brick-mortar” structure." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2519, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2519/1/012027.

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Abstract The size dependence of four different diameters of pearls with “brick-mortar” structure was studied by uniaxial compression experiments. The results show that the failure of pearls with different diameters under the compressive load is not complete brittleness, but has a certain toughness. The maximum failure load and compressive strength of pearls cannot be considered as constants, which have a significant size dependence. The maximum failure load increases with the increase of pearl diameter, and the compressive strength decreases with the increase of pearl diameter. In addition, the compressive strength of pearls with different diameters conforms to the Weibull statistical law. When the compression fracture probability is 50%, the compressive strength of pearls with different diameters shows a significant size effect, and pearls with smaller diameters have greater compressive strength.

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Stuby, Loric, Laurent Jampen, Julien Sierro, Erik Paus, Thierry Spichiger, Laurent Suppan, and David Thurre. "Effect on Chest Compression Fraction of Continuous Manual Compressions with Asynchronous Ventilations Using an i-gel® versus 30:2 Approach during Simulated Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Protocol for a Manikin Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial." Healthcare 9, no. 3 (March 20, 2021): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9030354.

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The optimal airway management strategy during cardiopulmonary resuscitation is uncertain. In the case of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, a high chest compression fraction is paramount to obtain the return of spontaneous circulation and improve survival and neurological outcomes. To improve this fraction, providing continuous chest compressions should be more effective than using the conventional 30:2 ratio. Airway management should, however, be adapted, since face-mask ventilation can hardly be carried out while continuous compressions are administered. The early insertion of a supraglottic device could therefore improve the chest compression fraction by allowing ventilation while maintaining compressions. This is a protocol for a multicenter, parallel, randomized simulation study. Depending on randomization, each team made up of paramedics and emergency medical technicians will manage the 10-min scenario according either to the standard approach (30 compressions with two face-mask ventilations) or to the experimental approach (continuous manual compressions with early insertion of an i-gel® supraglottic device to deliver asynchronous ventilations). The primary outcome will be the chest compression fraction during the first two minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Secondary outcomes will be chest compression fraction (per cycle and overall), compressions and ventilations quality, time to first shock and to first ventilation, user satisfaction, and providers’ self-assessed cognitive load.

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AKYOL, Burak, Mustafa GÜDEN, and Subhan NAMAZOV. "EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF STRAIN RATE ON THE CRUSHING STRENGTH OF A CELLULAR CONCRETE." Machine Science Journal 1, no. 1 (May 15, 2023): 4–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.61413/ftxi2310.

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The strain rate dependent compressive strength of an autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) having a density of 600 kg m-3 was experimentally investigated between quasi-static and high strain rates (2x10-3-~4150 s-1) through quasi-static and dynamic compression, confined compression and indentation tests. High strain rate equilibrium and direct impact non-equilibrium compression tests in conjunction with the high strain rate confined compression and indentation tests were conducted in a compression Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar. The experimental results showed two different regions of the compressive strength-dependency on the strain rate: a low-strain rate-dependent region from quasi-static to ~18 s-1 and a high-strain ratedependent region from ~18 s-1 to ~1000 s-1. The switch of the failure mode from the single axial cracking at quasi-static strain rates to the extensive axial and circumferential cracking at increasing strain rates was ascribed to both the axial and radial inertia. The dynamic increased factor (DIF=dynamic strength/static strength) showed an abrupt increase after ~18 s-1 as similar with the compressive strength. The mean confined and indentation strength values also increased as the velocity increased, while the mean confined compression strength values were shown to be comparable with the dynamic compressive strength values. The inertia and strain rate contributions to the enhancement of DIF until about 1000 s-1 were predicted by taking the quasistatic indentation strength as the full confinement strength.

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Narloch, Piotr, Piotr Woyciechowski, Jakub Kotowski, Ireneusz Gawriuczenkow, and Emilia Wójcik. "The Effect of Soil Mineral Composition on the Compressive Strength of Cement Stabilized Rammed Earth." Materials 13, no. 2 (January 10, 2020): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13020324.

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Cemented stabilized rammed earth (CSRE) is a building material used to build load bearing walls from locally available soil. The article analyzes the influence of soil mineral composition on CSRE compressive strength. Compression tests of CSRE samples of various mineral compositions, but the same particle size distribution, water content, and cement content were conducted. Based on the compression strength results and analyzed SEM images, it was observed that even small changes in the mineral composition significantly affected the CSRE compressive strength. From the comparison of CSRE compressive strength result sets, one can draw general qualitative conclusions that montmorillonite lowered the compressive strength the most; beidellite also lowered it, but to a lesser extent. Kaolinite lightly increased the compressive strength.

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Shin, So-Yeon. "Relationship between Hand Force and Chest Compression in Manikin Study." Fire Science and Engineering 34, no. 5 (October 31, 2020): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.5f67ca03.

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A C-shaped bend is prevalent in long, thin fingers when administering the two-finger compression technique in infant cardiac arrest, making vertical chest compressions difficult. This study was a mannequin experiment, which investigated the effect of grip and back muscle strengths on the outcome of infant chest compressions. Twenty 4th year paramedicine students who had completed 15 weeks of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training were recruited as subjects in this study. The results demonstrated greater grip strength in men than in women. Additionally, grip strength, height, and sex were found to have significant correlations with the depth of chest compressions. The chest compression depth decreased over time, using the two-finger compression technique, while the rate of incomplete release increased. Grip strength was observed to affect the ability to maintain compression depth over time, demonstrating the need for a program to improve basic fitness.

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G., Gnanauthayan, Rengasamy R.S., and Vijayakumar Kothari. "Heat insulation characteristics of multi-layer nonwovens." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 22, no. 2 (June 4, 2018): 94–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-06-2017-0028.

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Purpose This paper aims to deal with the thermal resistance of multilayer nonwovens. The effect of fibre denier, cross-sectional shape and positioning within the layers were analysed with respect to the thermal resistance. Moreover, effect of compression on thermal resistance of the multilayer nonwoven structure have also be studied. Design/methodology/approach The study involves multiple layering of thermal bonded nonwoven webs and the effect of fibre denier and positioning of different nonwovens from the hot plate. To avoid the increase in thermal resistance because of the air gaps between layers, the nonwovens were enclosed within an acrylic frame to compress them to a thickness of 12 mm. Compressional behaviour of the nonwovens were tested at a rate of 5 mm/min with peak compressive load of 50 N. Multilayer nonwoven assemblies were tested for thermal resistance with compressive pressure of 3.5 gf/cm2 and compared with that tested at zero pressure. Findings In the study, three-layered nonwoven structure, provided better thermal resistance than their single component counterparts. The structural characteristic of the multilayer nonwovens affected the conductive, convective and the radiative heat transfer. In a multi-layer nonwoven, the top most layer should have the finest fibre as possible. Second preference may be given to the middle and followed by bottom layers in terms of fibre fineness. However, fine solid fibres performed poorly in terms of compression and recovery resulting in poor thermal resistance under compressive load. Originality/value The experimental approach of controlling thickness while evaluating the thermal resistance will help in nullify the effect of air gaps between the layer interface, thus focussing on the effect of fibre denier and the positioning of nonwovens. This paper also discusses the unique properties of fine solid fibre and hollow fibres and their role in providing better thermal insulation for extreme cold weather applications.

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Zaides, S. A., Van Anh Pham, and L. G. Klimova. "Quality improvement of calibrated steelby surface deformation. Part 2. Effect of enveloping surface deformation on residual stresses in cylindrical bars." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 64, no. 5 (June 3, 2021): 330–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2021-5-330-336.

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Cold-drawn metal has a number of undeniable advantages over the hot-rolled one. Increased hardness, high surface quality, stability of the diametrical dimension along the length of the workpiece are the basis for choosing calibrated metal as effective workpieces for the manufacture of long parts such as shafts, axles, and rods. In some cases, such workpieces require a small amount of machining, for example, threading or making necks at the ends of a bar. The wider use of the calibrated metal is hindered by residual stresses that are formed during its manufacture. In the first part of this article, it was proposed to use small plastic deformations to control residual stresses. By the example of a new process of surface plastic deformation, which is called orbital burnishing, the working and residual stresses in cylindrical workpieces are determined. In the second part of the article, the process of enveloping surface plastic deformation is considered, which, at high productivity, makes it possible to reduce the residual tensile stresses in the calibrated metal or form the surface layers of the workpiece compressive stress. A technique for the experimental determination of residual stresses in the volume of a body is based on layer-by-layer removal of the inner and outer layers of cylindrical samples. Influence of the main parameters of the enveloping deformation process on the components of the residual stress tensor is established. A range of relative compressions (0.1 – 1.0 %) is revealed, at which residual compressive stresses are formed in the surface layers of the workpiece. It was found that at a relative compression of 0.5 %, the maximum residual compression stresses are created. Enveloping surface deformation has a positive effect on the residual stress state and on colddrawn metal – the residual tensile stresses can be reduced, removed or converted into compressive ones.

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Wu, T. T., and W. H. Hsieh. "Compression Processes and Performance Analysis of a High-Pressure Reciprocating Gas Compressor." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 210, no. 2 (March 1996): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1996_210_182_02.

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Compression processes and compressor performance in a two-stage 41.34 MPa (6000 lb/in2) reciprocating gas compressor were investigated by transient multi-dimensional and transient global thermodynamic models. The transient multi-dimensional model was adopted to predict the two-dimensional compression processes in the second-stage cylinder of the high-pressure reciprocating gas compressor. Calculated results showed no significant temperature gradients anywhere in the compressor cylinder except near the wall, throughout one complete compressor cycle. On the other hand, the calculated velocity fields and streamline contours showed a convergent flow pattern during the process of compression with discharge and a large recirculation vortex during the process of expansion with suction. A parametric study based on the transient global thermodynamic model was conducted to investigate the effect of various parameters, that is clearance volume, wall temperature of cylinder head and stroke length, on the compressor performance. Among these parameters, it was found that the clearance volume had the strongest effect on the compressor performance. A reduced clearance volume increased volumetric efficiency. Also, it was found that decreasing the stroke length would not degrade the compressor performance, but it could reduce the compressor size and thereby the manufacturing cost significantly.

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Xu, Xingyuan, Shaoping Wang, Shangyu Wang, and Guiling Liu. "Mathematical Model of Blood Circulation with Compression of the Prototype’s Mechanical CPR Waveform." Bioengineering 9, no. 12 (December 14, 2022): 802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9120802.

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The waveform of chest compressions directly affects the blood circulation of patients with cardiac arrest. Currently, few pieces of research have focused on the influence of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) device’s mechanical waveform on blood circulation. This study investigates the effect of the mechanical waveform from a novel CPR prototype on blood circulation and explores the optimal compression parameters of the mechanical waveform to optimize blood circulation. A novel CPR prototype was designed and built to establish a kinetic model during compressions. The prototype’s mechanical waveforms at various operating conditions were obtained for comparison with manual waveforms and the investigation of the optimal compression parameters. The novel CPR prototype can complete chest compressions quickly and stably. The cardiac output (CO), coronary perfusion pressure (CPP), and cerebral flow (CF) obtained by mechanical waveform compressions (1.22367 ± 0.00942 L/min, 30.95083 ± 0.24039 mmHg, 0.31992 ± 0.00343 L/min, respectively) were significantly better than those obtained by manual waveform compressions (1.10783 ± 0.03601 L/min, 21.39210 ± 1.42771 mmHg, 0.29598 ± 0.01344 L/min, respectively). With the compression of the prototype, the blood circulation can be optimized at the compression depth of 50 mm, approximately 0.6 duty cycle, and approximately 110 press/min, which is of guiding significance for the practical use of CPR devices to rescue patients with cardiac arrest.

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Tarento, M. "Le concept de la biotenségrité et son utilisation en ostéopathie." Russian Osteopathic Journal, no. 1-2 (July 23, 2019): 130–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2019-1-2-130-140.

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Les termes de tenségrité et de biotenségrité sont utilisés de plus en plus souvent dans les articles et dans les cours d′ostéopathie du monde entier; mais le plus souvent les commentaires qui les précèdent ou les accompagnent montrent que les principes et les concepts qu′ils recouvrent ne sont qu′effl eurés et, bien souvent, peu ou mal compris. Or, les principes des constructions en tenségrité s′appliquent de manière étonnamment adaptée à la compréhension de «comment», en ostéopathie, nous questionnons et réajustons le réseau fascial du corps humain et ce, quel que soit la technique utilisée. En effet le réseau fascial associe des éléments solides en discontinuité et des éléments souples qui créent la continuité et forment une globalité dont tous les éléments réagissent et se réorganisent sous la contrainte. La tension et la compression qui se déploient simultanément dans des directions opposées de la trame fasciale se répartissent depuis l′échelle macroscopique jusqu′à l′échelle microscopique des ensembles Ostéo Myo Fasciaux du corps ; une des conséquences importantes de cette réorganisation étant de préserver l′homéostasie. Ainsi, entrer en relation par le toucher avec le dynamisme tenso-compressionnel ainsi qu′avec l′aspect vibratoire des éléments du vivant selon les modélisations géométriques et les principes architecturaux proposés par la tenségrité, permettra une meilleure compréhension et un accompagnement très abouti de nos gestes ostéopathiques.

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Du, Haijun, Yanhua Ma, Ruoyan Li, Ting Lei, and Pei Wu. "Effect of vibrational frequency on alfalfa opening compression process." BioResources 17, no. 4 (October 14, 2022): 6706–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.4.6706-6717.

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To reveal the action mechanism of vibration frequency in alfalfa opening compression, a self-developed vibration compression test system was used to evaluate the variation of compression force during alfalfa open compression. A faster vibration frequency yielded a smaller compression force required for compressing alfalfa into blocks. Compared with free vibration compression, vibration compression was beneficial to release the internal stress of alfalfa block, reduce the forming pressure, and stabilize the high density. In the range of test vibration frequency, when the frequency was 15 Hz, the residual internal stress release ratio of alfalfa block was the highest, and the stable density of alfalfa block was the largest. Considering the pressure and alfalfa block density comprehensively, the optimized vibration frequency was approximately 15 Hz.

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Wee, Jeremy CP, Mooppil Nandakumar, Yiong Huak Chan, Rowena SL Yeo, Kaldip Kaur, V. Anantharaman, Susan Yap, and Marcus EH Ong. "Effect of Using an Audiovisual CPR Feedback Device on Chest Compression Rate and Depth." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 43, no. 1 (January 15, 2014): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v43n1p33.

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Introduction: The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of using Automated External Defibrillator (AED) audiovisual feedback on the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in a manikin training setting. Materials and Methods: Five cycles of 30 chest compressions were performed on a manikin without CPR prompts. After an interval of at least 5 minutes, the participants performed another 5 cycles with the use of real time audiovisual feedback via the ZOLL E-Series defibrillator. Performance data were obtained and analysed. Results: A total of 209 dialysis centre staff participated in the study. Using a feedback system resulted in a statistically significant improvement from 39.57% to 46.94% (P = 0.009) of the participants being within the target compression depth of 4 cm to 5 cm and a reduction in those below target from 16.45% to 11.05% (P= 0.004). The use of feedback also produced a significant improvement in achieving the target for rate of chest compression (90 to 110 compressions per minute) from 41.27% to 53.49%; (P <0.001). The mean depth of chest compressions was 4.85 cm (SD = 0.79) without audiovisual feedback and 4.91 (SD = 0.69) with feedback. For rate of chest compressions, it was 104.89 (SD = 13.74) vs 101.65 (SD = 10.21) respectively. The mean depth of chest compression was less in males than in females (4.61 cm vs 4.93 cm, P = 0.011), and this trend was reversed with the use of feedback. Conclusion: In conclusion, the use of feedback devices helps to improve the quality of CPR during training. However more studies involving cardiac arrest patients requiring CPR need to be done to determine if these devices improve survival. Key words: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Chest compression, Quality

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Abdullaev ., A. "RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF LONGITUDINAL COMPRESSION ON THE STRENGTH OF THE WALL OF TWO-TURNED REINFORCED CONCRETE ELEMENTS WITH A CHARACTERISTIC EPURA BENDING MOMENTS IN THE AREA OF ACTION OF LATERAL FORCES." National Association of Scientists 3, no. 72 (November 22, 2021): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/nas.2413-5291.2021.3.72.491.

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Experimental studies have been carried out to study the effect of longitudinal compression on the strength of the wall of I-beams of reinforced concrete beams.It has been established that with the central application of a longitudinal compressive force, the strength of the wall of I-beams of reinforced concrete beams with an alternating diagram of bending moments in the zone of action of transverse forces practically depends little on the degree of longitudinal compression.A comparative analysis of the results obtained with the results of similar experimental studies carried out on I-beam reinforced concrete beams with an unambiguous diagram of bending moments in the zone of action of shear forces is carried out.

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Yan, Yufu, Jiamin Zhao, Long Chen, Hongjian Zhao, Olga Klimova-Korsmik, Oleg V. Tolochko, Fuxing Yin, Puguang Ji, and Shaoming Kang. "Effect of Strain Rate on Compressive Properties of Aluminium-Graphene Composites." Metals 13, no. 3 (March 20, 2023): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13030618.

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Graphene-reinforced aluminium composites have been widely studied due to their excellent mechanical properties. However, only a few studies have reported their dynamic compression properties. The purpose of this study is to investigate the quasi-static and dynamic compression properties of graphene-reinforced aluminium composites. The addition of graphene improved the compressive stress resistance and energy absorption capacity of the aluminium matrix. An aluminium-0.5 wt.% graphene composite exhibited good compressive properties due to the different interfacial wave impedance generated by the additional grain boundaries or Aluminium-Graphene interfaces.

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Fartini, M. S., M. S. Abdul Majid, Mohd Afendi, R. Daud, and Azizul Mohamad. "Effect of Nano-Clay and their Dispersion Techniques on Compressive Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Resin." Applied Mechanics and Materials 554 (June 2014): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.554.27.

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This paper aims to understand the relationship between processing parameters and compressive properties of nanoclay filled polyester resin (dispersion method and wt% of nanoclay particles). Unsaturated polyester resin with 0-5 wt% nanoclay content was prepared by hand mixing and through shears mixing of water bath shaker. Static uniaxial compression tests were conducted to investigate how the unsaturated polyester resins with nanoclay contents and processing will effect on the compressive stress-strain behaviour and compression properties. The experimental results show that the compressive strength and elastic modulus of nanomodified resin are significantly affected by type of mixing methods to prepare the specimens and the ratio of nanoparticles content during mixing. It was found out that the compressive strength and compressive modulus increase with the nanoclay content. The findings also indicate the dispersion of nanoclay by hand-mixed method yield higher compressive strength compared to that dispersed by water shaker bath.

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Feng, Yan Feng, Tian Hong Yang, Hua Wei, Hua Guo Gao, and Zhe Zhang. "Research of Inclination Angle Effect on Joint Rock Macromechanical Parameters." Materials Science Forum 704-705 (December 2011): 1089–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.704-705.1089.

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The joint of rock mass influences and controls the rock mass intensity, deformation characteristics and instability failure in the rock engineering to a great extent. Using the similar material simulation is of different inclination angle of non-penetration jointing and non-jointing rock mass, through using rigid servo compression machine to carry uniaxial compression test, we get a nearly same trend of joint rock mass stress-strain curve of different angle, the curve of inclination angle of 45 is analyzed, the test result shows that the compressive strength first decreases and then increases gradually with the increase of rock inclination angle. The compression intensity is its minimum when of the inclination angle of 45°, and the deformation modulus first decreases and then increases, but deformation modulus of 30° is its minimum. In addition, through the use of developed RFPA2D system to simulate on trial uniaxial compression value based on microscopic damage mechanics, we get the conclusion that the numerical analysis and test result is fitting approximately, it is validated that the numerical model can simulate joint rock well. Keywords: joint rock mass, inclination angle, uniaxial compression, compressive intensity, deformation modulus

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Kang, Hyun-Su, Sung-Yeon Kim, and Youn-Jea Kim. "Wet Compression Study for an Aero-Thermodynamic Performance Analysis of a Centrifugal Compressor at Design and Off-Design Points." Processes 10, no. 5 (May 9, 2022): 936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10050936.

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In this study, to analyze the effect of wet compression technology on the aero-thermodynamic performance of a centrifugal compressor, a numerical analysis study was conducted on the design point and off-design point. Wet compression technology sprays water droplets at the inlet of the compressor. During the compression process, water droplets evaporate, reducing the heat of compression and reducing the compression work, which improves the efficiency of the compressor. In wet compression technology, detailed research is needed for the application to compressors because the droplet behavior affects the internal flow. The main parameters for wet compression technology are the droplet size and injection rate selection, and the flow inside the compressor changed by the droplet behavior was analyzed. When the droplet size and injection rate were changed at the design point and the off-design point, it was confirmed that a small droplet size was effective in both areas, and it was confirmed that the performance improved as the flow rate increased. The internal flow changed greatly depending on the size of the droplet. As a result, the centrifugal compressor to which the wet compression technology was applied had a lower outlet temperature than dry compression at both the design point and the off-design point and had increases in the pressure ratio and efficiency. However, the surge margin decreased by about 2% in the surge region. The reason is that due to high-speed rotation, particles move in the outer diameter direction and are driven into a tip-leakage flow, and many stagnant flows occur without flowing into the main flow. Through the study results, it was possible to understand the effects of wet compression technology on the performance and efficiency increase of centrifugal compressors and the effects of particle behavior on the internal flow of the compressor at the off-design point.

Journal articles on the topic 'Effet de compression'

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