Relevant bibliographies by topics / Effectiveness – Law

Academic literature on the topic 'Effectiveness – Law'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Effectiveness – Law"

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Prama Yoga, I. Gusti Agung, Desak Rurik Pradnya Paramitha Nida, and I. Wayan Chandra Adyatma. "Effectiveness of Tax Regulation Harmonization." International Journal of Social Science And Human Research 05, no. 10 (October 18, 2022): 4571–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v5-i10-22.

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The tax harmonization law is one of the efforts to maximize state revenues after the pandemic. Effectiveness is assessed from the extent to which the HPP law is able to achieve the expectations it is intended for . This research was conducted in Bali, 2022 using a narrative FGD method involving the DGT, Tax Consultants, and Taxpayers as informants, and involving 50 respondents as samples to strengthen the results of the FGD. The result of this research is that the government's socialization regarding the HPP Law can be conveyed well. The HPP Law is not fully capable of increasing growth and supporting the acceleration of economic recovery, but it is one of the government's efforts by stimulating, subsidizing MSMEs and businesses engaged in the basic needs of the community. State revenues during the pandemic tend to decline in line with the global economic downturn. However, with the HPP Law, the government is able to achieve the target of acceptance, one of which is voluntary disclosure. The HPP Law is also able to realize a tax system that is fair and with legal certainty and can realize the implementation of administrative reforms, consolidated tax policies, and the expansion of the tax base, as well as increasing voluntary compliance. So the harmonization of tax regulations is effective.
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Herlin-Karnell, Ester. "An Exercise in Effectiveness?" European Business Law Review 18, Issue 5 (October 1, 2007): 1181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eulr2007040.

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The effectiveness of EC law is a celebrated and highly prestigious notion. Yet recently the effectiveness concept has taken new routes with considerable constitutional dimensions in sight. This paper intends to analyse what such a novel trend means (and could mean) for the phenomenon of European criminal law; by conceptualizing effectiveness in the context of, in particular, Article 5 (1) EC and the principle of attributed competences.
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Meyer, Timothy. "How Compliance Understates Effectiveness." AJIL Unbound 108 (2014): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s239877230000194x.

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Customarily one begins a discussion about the effectiveness of international law by quoting Louis Henkin’s famous remark that “almost all nations obey almost all principles of international law and almost all of their obligations almost all of the time.” For some, this empirical claim supports the notion that international law is a vital tool for furthering international cooperation across a broad range of issue areas. For others, the implicit suggestion that international law’s mere existence might be driving states’ behavior is a calamity of causal inference. Even if Henkin’s claim is empirically correct, effectiveness does not follow from compliance. For a third group, Henkin’s claim may not even be empirically correct. In at least some areas of international law, noncompliance may be relatively high. Deploying the same suspect causal reasoning that the second group worries about, international law skeptics have sometimes suggested that we might infer ineffectiveness on the basis of such noncompliance.
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Turner, Russell. "DTTO Effectiveness Research." Probation Journal 49, no. 4 (December 2002): 312–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026455050204900409.

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DE BENEDETTO, Maria. "Effective Law from a Regulatory and Administrative Law Perspective." European Journal of Risk Regulation 9, no. 3 (September 2018): 391–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/err.2018.52.

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The question of effective law has been studied in many fields of research, such as philosophy and sociology of law, law and economics, public policy and behavioural sciences. This article aims to treat it as a genuine administrative law issue which is currently having a significant impact on administrative procedures, especially affecting the way in which rules are adopted and implemented. Furthermore, the article attempts to reconcile conflicting views in existing literature on the meaning of effective law and on which factors lead to effectiveness by proposing an integrated approach: starting from a regulatory perspective it considers both traditional determinants of effectiveness, ie compliance and enforcement, as well as the emerging aspect of outcomes, focused on the idea that a rule can be defined as effective when its desired effects have been achieved and the public interest which justifies the rule has been safeguarded without producing unwanted or disfunctional consequences.Far from being simply a decisional problem for institutions (arising in legislative, regulatory and administrative procedures), effectiveness calls for a “steering administration” and represents a criterion for decision-making, since expected effectiveness can be used in the logic of “whether” and “how” institutions should arrive at decisions.
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Torpman, Jan, and Fredrik Jörgensen. "Legal Effectiveness." Archiv für Rechts- und Sozialphilosophie 91, no. 4 (2005): 515–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.25162/arsp-2005-0043.

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Демидова, Людмила Миколаївна, and Ольга Станіславівна Попович. "The effectiveness of criminal law: doctrinal, legislative and law enforcement problems." Herald of the Association of Criminal Law of Ukraine 1, no. 12 (December 30, 2019): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21564/2311-9640.2019.12.190434.

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Petrov, Nikolay V., Irina V. Petrova, and Aleksandr P. Fedorovskiy. "THE RUSSIAN LAW EFFECTIVENESS AND SOCIOCULTURAL CONTEXT." TURKISH ONLINE JOURNAL OF DESIGN ART AND COMMUNICATION 8, SEPT (September 1, 2018): 978–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7456/1080sse/135.

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Hathaway, Oona, Larry Johnson, and Fionnuala Ní Aoláin. "An Introduction: The Effectiveness of International Law." Proceedings of the ASIL Annual Meeting 108 (2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/procannmeetasil.108.0001.

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Kupina, L. F. "Conditions of effectiveness of labor law standards." Legal Novels 2, no. 12 (2020): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32847/ln.2020.12-2.07.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Effectiveness – Law"

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Garland, Denise Michelle. "Law enforcement instructor effectiveness guidebook." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1840.

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Ferreira, Laura Cristhina Fiore. "The effectiveness of Brazilian competition law." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1998. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2578/.

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Attempts to regulate competition in Brazil have been made since the early 1960s without much success. However, with the adoption of trade liberalisation measures in the early 1990s, competition has gradually been regarded as an essential element of the process of liberalisation of the economy, and thus efforts have been made to develop and enforce competition law and policy. This thesis describes and evaluates competition law in Brazil during this last period. It critically analyses the legislation, the practices of enforcement agencies and the relevant case law. Emphasis is given to the study of cases which involve restrictive business practices as well as mergers, and which have been decided at the administrative level. This thesis highlights four main points: 1) developing countries should try to develop their own approach to competition law, and avoid adopting models created in other countries that reflect another reality; 2) competition legislation must define the approach to be adopted in the implementation of competition law in order to avoid uncertainty in the market; 3) a well structured institutional framework is necessary for the enforcement of competition law and policy; and 4) competition policy should be part of a coherent set of economic policies adopted by the government. The conclusion of this thesis is that competition policy in Brazil has not yet produced significant results. Factors that undermine competition policy in Brazil are the system for the enforcement of the law, the lack of coherence in case law, and changes in economic policy. On the other hand, there has been some progress: the legislation covers the main aspects of competition; the performance of enforcement agencies is improving; these agencies are co-ordinating their enforcement practices; and there is growing awareness among economic actors in Brazil that competition is desirable and should be protected.
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Nguyen, Anh Tuan, アン チュアン グエン, Shuya Hayashi, and 秀弥 林. "Assessing the Effectiveness of Vietnam's Competition Law." 名古屋大学大学院法学研究科, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14333.

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Poon, Wai-yee Emily. "The effectiveness of plain language in the translation of statutes and judgments /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36762593.

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Bullard, Clifford Owen. "Evaluating wildlife law enforcement agent and agency effectiveness : a methodology /." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10062009-020028/.

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Tran, Wendalyn. "The Effectiveness of International Law in Upholding the Rights of Refugees." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/965.

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The 1951 Convention and 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees were established after World War II and are the primary documents that dictate international refugee policy. They were intended to protect the basic human rights of refugees; ensure them safe asylum; protect against refoulement; and provide refugees with basic services and assistance such as food, legal documents, and primary education. Despite the creation of these protective instruments, human rights abuses against refugees continue to be reported as the global refugee crisis worsens, raising into question the effectiveness of the 1951 Convention and 1967 Protocol. In this thesis, Jordan, Tanzania, and Thailand will serve as cases studies for exploring the effectiveness of the current international refugee regime. Both legislation and narratives will be analyzed in order to fully comprehend the context of the situation.
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Casas, Becerra Lidia. "The Effectiveness of Sexual Harassment Law in Chile: From Theory to Practice." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34670.

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This study examines the theoretical framework underlying Chilean legislation on sexual harassment in the workplace, notably to determine if the legislation has succeeded in uncovering and addressing the gender injustice and inequality involved in sexual harassment. This study further reviews whether the legislation adopted in 2005 is meeting its intended goal of protecting targets from harm by providing effective relief, penalizing perpetrators, and promoting adequate labour relations and climate. A combination of research methods were employed, notably a review of the legal scholarship, of Chile’s regulatory framework for sexual harassment, and of administrative and court system jurisprudence involving targets and perpetrators from the period prior to the enactment of the legislation in March 2005 through to October 2014. Quantitative sexual harassment data were drawn from a nationwide household survey conducted in 2011 by Proyecto Araucaria (“Research, Policy and Practice With Regard to Work-Related Mental Health Problems in Chile: A Gender Perspective”) The study also included interviews with key informants and focus groups with female workers. This study concludes that the debate between the equality versus protection of personal dignity paradigms is an abstract discussion not reflected in the practices of justice system actors, and that for the law to be effective, a sociopolitical and legal context facilitating recourse to it is required. Rather than considering only the formal resort to the relief provided in the law, it is crucial to examine the actual practices of individuals seeking to advance the protection of their rights.
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Milano, Enrico. "Unlawful territorial situations in international law : reconciling effectiveness, legality and legitimacy /." Leiden [u.a.] : Nijhoff, 2006. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/506618226.pdf.

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Milano, Enrico. "Unlawful territorial situations : reconciling effectiveness, legality and legitimacy in international law." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2004. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2778/.

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While the last few years have seen a strong attention by international lawyers towards alleged breaches of Article 2(4) of the UN Charter, much less attention has been devoted to the effects produced by such interventions upon the victim state. Article 2(4)'s main function is arguably to protect the 'territorial integrity or political independence' of states, and the aims and effects of military interventions often undermine states' territorial sovereignty well after the cessation of the hostilities. The thesis sheds light on the extent to which international law protects states' and peoples' territorial sovereignty by studying the phenomenon of unlawful territorial situations. An unlawful territorial situation can be defined as a territorial occupation established and maintained as a result of a violation of international law, such as in the case of the illegal use of force. The thesis analyses unlawful territorial situations through the lenses of the legal-normative concepts of effectiveness, legality and legitimacy. The concept of effectiveness as a device for transforming effective realities into law was considered one of the fundamental principles of international law during the 19th century and the first part of the 20th century. It deeply influenced the notions of statehood and territorial sovereignty as inherited by contemporary international law. However, the second part of the 20th century has seen the emergence of principles of substantive legality limiting the action of effectiveness as a source of territorial entitlement. The thesis shows how a situation of territorial unlawfulness can be defined with regard to four international legal principles: the prohibition against the change of territorial status through the use of force; uti possidetis iuris, self-determination; and territorial integrity. The thesis appraises the significance of effectiveness vis-a-vis these principles in the context of unlawful territorial situations. It argues that while effectiveness is no longer a fundamental principle of international law, it plays an important role when accompanied and enhanced by the legitimacy of the underlying claim, or by the external legitimation of an authoritative body, e.g. the Security Council. Whereas legitimacy is a concept supposedly built on the fundamental principles of the international community, it goes beyond positive legality, and it often represents a less objective, less transparent and less egalitarian device of power acceptance and recognition. However, adopting legitimacy as a device for transforming illegal effectiveness into a legal one, is paradoxically a way for the international community to safeguard the integrity of its principles of substantive legality, despite making them in some cases peripheral to the actual regulation of disputes.
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Davis, Tara M. "International intellectual property rights : effectiveness of incentives for enforcement." Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1390656.

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In this technological age the distribution of information happens faster and easier than ever before. This ease of transfer of information brings challenges for international intellectual property rights protection. It addresses reasons governments work to increase enforcement and reasons governments do not comply with enforcement protocols. It assesses the pressure international agreements and incentives exert on governments to produce compliance. This paper evaluates 76 countries in three non-consecutive years on their level of enforcement. It includes a discussion of contributing factors to government choice in interaction and enforcement. The question of enforcement incentives is addressed both across time and across countries.
Department of Political Science
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Books on the topic "Effectiveness – Law"

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Micklitz, Hans-W., and Geneviève Saumier, eds. Enforcement and Effectiveness of Consumer Law. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78431-1.

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International Network for Environmental Compliance and Enforcement, ed. Environmental enforcement networks: Concepts, implementation and effectiveness. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2015.

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EC and EEA law: A comparative study of the effectiveness of European law. Groningen: Europa Law Pub., 2009.

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Méndez-Pinedo, M. Elvira. EC and EEA law: A comparative study of the effectiveness of European law. Groningen: Europa Law Pub., 2009.

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Méndez-Pinedo, M. Elvira. EC and EEA law: A comparative study of the effectiveness of European law. Groningen: Europa Law Pub., 2009.

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G, Skogan Wesley, Frydl Kathleen, and National Research Council (U.S.), eds. Fairness and effectiveness in policing: The evidence. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2004.

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March, Frederic. NEPA effectiveness: Mastering the process. Rockville, Md: Government Institutes, 1998.

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Kaczorowska, Alina. International trade conventions and their effectiveness: Present and future. The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 1995.

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Efficiency in law and economics. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, 2014.

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Mercat-Bruns, Marie, David B. Oppenheimer, and Cady Sartorius, eds. Comparative Perspectives on the Enforcement and Effectiveness of Antidiscrimination Law. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90068-1.

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Book chapters on the topic "Effectiveness – Law"

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Low, Gary. "Singapore Consumer Law." In Enforcement and Effectiveness of Consumer Law, 531–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78431-1_22.

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Sellers, Mortimer N. S. "The Effectiveness of International Law." In Republican Principles in International Law, 52–57. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230505292_6.

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Hahn, Judith. "The Effectiveness of the Law." In Foundations of a Sociology of Canon Law, 179–222. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01791-9_6.

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Mitchell, J. D. B. "Administrative Law and Policy Effectiveness." In From Policy to Administration, 174–99. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003273059-8.

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Micklitz, Hans-W., and Geneviève Saumier. "Enforcement and Effectiveness of Consumer Law." In Enforcement and Effectiveness of Consumer Law, 3–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78431-1_1.

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Pinto Monteiro, António, Sandra Passinhas, and Maria Raquel Guimarães. "Enforcement and Effectiveness of Consumer Law in Portugal: Filling the Gap Between the Law on the Books and the Law in Action." In Enforcement and Effectiveness of Consumer Law, 457–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78431-1_19.

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Hofstötter, Bernhard. "Effectuating Effectiveness In European Community Law." In Non-Compliance of National Courts, 7–43. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-705-0_2.

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Aberastury, Pedro, and Estela B. Sacristán. "Argentina: Enforcement and Effectiveness of Consumer Law." In Enforcement and Effectiveness of Consumer Law, 49–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78431-1_2.

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Tang, Vivian. "Enforcement of Consumer Law in Hong Kong." In Enforcement and Effectiveness of Consumer Law, 331–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78431-1_13.

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Douga, Alexandra E., and Vassiliki P. Koumpli. "Enforcement and Effectiveness of Consumer Law in Greece." In Enforcement and Effectiveness of Consumer Law, 307–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78431-1_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Effectiveness – Law"

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Panchenko, Vladislav, Ivan Teplyashin, Ivan Makarchuk, Nadezhda Pastukhova, and Valentina Trofimova. "Effectiveness of Social Presence in Public Authorities Actions in Modern Russia." In XIV European-Asian Congress "The value of law" (EAC-LAW 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201205.038.

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Guseva, E. S. "Problematic issues of monitoring the effectiveness of the application of standards and fire safety requirements." In Scientific Trends: Law. ЦНК МОАН, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/spc-20-05-2020-03.

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Yu, Hailang, and Qinyu Tan. "Research on Sports Sponsorship Effectiveness." In 3rd International Conference on Economics, Management, Law and Education (EMLE 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/emle-17.2017.98.

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Misoski, Boban, and Ilija Rumenov. "THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MUTUAL TRUST IN CIVIL AND CRIMINAL LAW IN THE EU." In PROCEDURAL ASPECTS OF EU LAW. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/6537.

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Widyadarma, Bima Ganesha. "Effectiveness of Online Remission Implementation." In The 2nd International Conference of Law, Government and Social Justice (ICOLGAS 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201209.311.

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Yang, Eugene, David Grossman, Ophir Frieder, and Roman Yurchak. "Effectiveness results for popular e-discovery algorithms." In ICAIL '17: Sixteenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3086512.3086540.

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Nair, Pranoy Sureshbabu, Nilankan Karmakar, Jeffrey Curtis, and Seshagiri Rao Maddipati. "Effectiveness of Power-Law Profile Indentations on Structure-Borne Noise." In Noise and Vibration Conference & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-1496.

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Lubis, Muharman, and Fajri Achmad Maulana. "Information and electronic transaction law effectiveness (UU-ITE) in Indonesia." In 2010 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for the Muslim World 2010 (ICT4M). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ict4m.2010.5971892.

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Saitoh, Naoki, Kenro Kuroki, and Kenji Kurosawa. "Estimation of out-of-focus blur and its effectiveness for deblurring." In Enabling Technologies for Law Enforcement and Security, edited by Leonid I. Rudin and Simon K. Bramble. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.267165.

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Chen, Jing. "Study on Effectiveness of Ideological and Political Education in Colleges." In 2015 International Conference on Economics, Management, Law and Education. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/emle-15.2015.114.

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Reports on the topic "Effectiveness – Law"

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Leonard, Jonathan. The Effectiveness of Equal Employment Law and Affirmative Action Regulation. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w1745.

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Blackham, Alysia. Addressing Age Discrimination in Employment: a report on the findings of Australian Research Council Project DE170100228. University of Melbourne, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46580/124368.

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This project aimed to research the effectiveness of Australian age discrimination laws. While demographic ageing necessitates extending working lives, few question the effectiveness of Australian age discrimination laws in supporting this ambition. This project drew on mixed methods and comparative UK experiences to offer empirical and theoretical insights into Australian age discrimination law. It sought to create a normative model for legal reform in Australia, to inform public policy and debate and improve responses to demographic ageing, providing economic, health and social benefits.
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Ismailova, L. Yu, S. V. Kosikov, V. S. Zaytsev, and I. O. Sleptsov. educational computer game THE ADVENTURES OF THE GUSARIK" OR THE BASIS OF THE THEORY OF THE STATE AND LAW (version 1.0). SIB-Expertise, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0577.04072022.

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TRAINING GAME IS DESIGNED TO OBTAIN NEW AND TEST EXISTING KNOWLEDGE IN THE FIELD OF ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT LEGAL DISCIPLINES - THEORY OF STATE AND LAW. GAME ALLOWS TO TEST ITS FORCES IN INTERACTIVE MODE IN SOLVING A LARGE NUMBER OF THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL QUESTIONS. THE STUDENT CAN WORK OUT NEW TOPICS USING NUMEROUS COMMENTS AND CHECK THE RESULTS OF THEIR ASSIMILATION. GAME CHARACTER'S CLUES AND FACIAL EXPRESSIONS MOTIVATE THE PLAYER TO CAREFULLY WORK WITH THE OBJECT AND ALLOW YOU TO INDEPENDENTLY WORK ON TOPICS THAT CAUSED DIFFICULTIES IN THE CONTROL MODE. GAME CONTENT COMPLIES WITH THE PROGRAM OF THE STATE STANDARD IN THE SPECIALTY "LAW." THE MAIN GOAL OF THE GAME IS TO HELP IN HIGHLIGHTING THEORETICAL LEGAL STRUCTURES IN PRACTICAL SITUATIONS, TO DEVELOP THE SKILLS OF LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE TEXT OF LEGAL NORMS AND LAW ENFORCEMENT DOCUMENTS, AND THEREBY TO INCREASE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE APPLICATION OF LAW.IN ADDITION, THE EDucational GAME WILL INTRODUCE PROFESSIONAL LEGAL TERMINOLOGY IN THIS FIELD. THE GAME "THEORY OF STATE AND LAW" CAN BE USEFUL FOR STUDENTS OF LAW UNIVERSITIES AND FACULTIES, PRACTICING LAWYERS AND EVERYONE WISHING TO IMPROVE THEIR QUALIFICATIONS IN THE FIELD OF LAW. CERTAIN SECTIONS OF THE GAME WILL BE USEFUL FOR TRAINING IN THE UNIVERSITY IN LEGAL SPECIALTIES.
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Marsden, Eric. Risk regulation, liability and insurance: literature review of their influence on safety management. Fondation pour une culture de sécurité industrielle, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.57071/337rrl.

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This document provides a short literature review on the complementarity (and antagonisms) between liability rules, safety regulation and insurance and their effect on safety management. It draws on a range of disciplines, with a focus on economic analysis of law and regulation theory. Some of the issues discussed are rather complex; this document attempts to provide simple explanations together with references to the professional literature for the interested reader. Some issues are the subject of ongoing debate between scholars; in such situations, we have attempted to present the various points of view. The document provides background information concerning the topics discussed during the NeTWork’2012 workshop, and draws on some of the contributions of workshop participants and the rich discussion which took place during the three days. The first chapter presents issues related to regulation, starting with the classical economic justifications for state intervention (presence of externalities, information failures and moral hazard). A number of obstacles to the effectiveness of safety regulation are presented. Finally, some alternatives or complements to regulation, including self-regulation, are briefly discussed. Chapter 2 presents an overview of liability law, starting with some introductory definitions. Factors which weaken the effectiveness of liability as an incentive to invest in prevention are discussed, as are negative effects of liability regimes on safety management. A number of case studies illustrating the liability of regulators are briefly presented. Chapter 3 discusses the impact of insurance and reinsurance on firms’ and individuals’ safety management. The last chapter briefly analyzes firms’ and individuals’ sources of motivation to take care.
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Bielinskyi, Andrii, Vladimir Soloviev, Serhiy Semerikov, and Viktoria Solovieva. Detecting Stock Crashes Using Levy Distribution. [б. в.], August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3210.

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In this paper we study the possibility of construction indicators-precursors relying on one of the most power-law tailed distributions – Levy’s stable distribution. Here, we apply Levy’s parameters for 29 stock indices for the period from 1 March 2000 to 28 March 2019 daily values and show their effectiveness as indicators of crisis states on the example of Dow Jones Industrial Average index for the period from 2 January 1920 to 2019. In spite of popularity of the Gaussian distribution in financial modeling, we demonstrated that Levy’s stable distribution is more suitable due to its theoretical reasons and analysis results. And finally, we conclude that stability α and skewness β parameters of Levy’s stable distribution which demonstrate characteristic behavior for crash and critical states, can serve as an indicator-precursors of unstable states.
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6

Westbrook, Steven R. Effectiveness of Low Temperature Additives for Biodiesel Blends. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada580322.

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7

Ding, Yan, Q. Chen, Ling Zhu, Julie Rosati, and Bradley Johnson. Implementation of flexible vegetation into CSHORE for modeling wave attenuation. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43220.

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This technical report presents the new numerical modeling capabilities for simulating wave attenuation and mean water level changes through flexible vegetation such as smooth cordgrass in coastal and marine wetlands. These capabilities were implemented into the Cross-SHORE (CSHORE) numerical model. The biomechanical properties of vegetation such as dimensions, flexibility, and bending strength are parameterized in terms of the scaling law. Correspondingly, a new formulation of the vegetation drag coefficient, CD, is developed using field data from a salt marsh in Terrebonne Bay, LA, by considering spatially varying effective stem and blade heights of species. This report also presents a general procedure for using the model to simulate hydrodynamic variables (i.e., waves, currents, mean water levels) at vegetated coasts, which are used to quantify the effects of wave attenuation and reduction of surge and runup due to vegetation. Preliminary model validation was conducted by simulating a set of laboratory experiments on synthetic vegetation, which mimicked the flexibility of Spartina alterniflora. The validation results indicate that the newly developed vegetation capabilities enable CSHORE to predict changes of wave heights and water levels through marshes by considering species-specific biomechanical features. The model is also applicable to assess vegetation effectiveness against waves and surges.
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8

Chierichetti, Maria, Armin Chierichetti, and Fatemeh Davoudi. Design of an Evaluation Plan for Senate Bill 1046. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2209.

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In an effort to understand and decrease alcohol-impaired driving as a primary collision factor In California, the research team designed an evaluation plan for California Senate Bill 1046 and its focus on ignition interlock devices as a sentence for Driving Under Influence offense. This plan will evaluate whether Senate Bill 1046 affected the Driving Under the Influence crash frequency and severity, and whether sociodemographic and geographic factors influence its effectiveness. This report lays the foundation for the evaluation that will be conducted in 2024. The research team conducted a meta-analysis of the last 12 years of literature and research on ignition interlock programs inside and outside the United States. Based on the findings of this analysis, the recommended evaluation plan of the law revolves around three research questions that focus on the changes in the frequency/severity of DUI-related crashes in California, the impact of the law on recidivism and on interlock installation rates. To respond to these questions, the research team recommends a list of data that should be collected, such as the number of injuries and deaths resulting from alcohol-related motor vehicle accidents, installation rates of ignition interlocks compared to the prior five-year period, the number of individuals who were required to have an ignition interlock device installed who were convicted of an alcohol-related violation, as well as number of lockouts while an interlock is installed. The research team proposed several statistical approaches for the analysis of this data, such as descriptive statistics, time series analysis, analysis of variance, and logistic regression.
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Chierichetti, Maria, Armin Chierichetti, and Fatemeh Davoudi. Design of an Evaluation Plan for Senate Bill 1046. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2209.

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Abstract:
In an effort to understand and decrease alcohol-impaired driving as a primary collision factor In California, the research team designed an evaluation plan for California Senate Bill 1046 and its focus on ignition interlock devices as a sentence for Driving Under Influence offense. This plan will evaluate whether Senate Bill 1046 affected the Driving Under the Influence crash frequency and severity, and whether sociodemographic and geographic factors influence its effectiveness. This report lays the foundation for the evaluation that will be conducted in 2024. The research team conducted a meta-analysis of the last 12 years of literature and research on ignition interlock programs inside and outside the United States. Based on the findings of this analysis, the recommended evaluation plan of the law revolves around three research questions that focus on the changes in the frequency/severity of DUI-related crashes in California, the impact of the law on recidivism and on interlock installation rates. To respond to these questions, the research team recommends a list of data that should be collected, such as the number of injuries and deaths resulting from alcohol-related motor vehicle accidents, installation rates of ignition interlocks compared to the prior five-year period, the number of individuals who were required to have an ignition interlock device installed who were convicted of an alcohol-related violation, as well as number of lockouts while an interlock is installed. The research team proposed several statistical approaches for the analysis of this data, such as descriptive statistics, time series analysis, analysis of variance, and logistic regression.
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10

Grittmann, S., J. F. McGlynn, J. R. Long, and W. N. Rankin. Evaluation of effectiveness of the Turco low profile turbulator{reg_sign}. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10150427.

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