We are proudly a Ukrainian website. Our country was attacked by Russian Armed Forces on Feb. 24, 2022.
You can support the Ukrainian Army by following the link: https://u24.gov.ua/.
Even the smallest donation is hugely appreciated!
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Effect of nitrogen on.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Effect of nitrogen on":
1
Ladislav, Holík, Rosíková Jana, and Vranová Valerie. "Effect of thinning on the amount of mineral nitrogen." Journal of Forest Science 64, No. 7 (August 1, 2018): 289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5/2018-jfs.
The soil nitrogen cycle and the dynamics of its transformation are closely related to the functioning of the forest ecosystem. This cycle, and the availability of nitrogen as a necessary nutrient in the soil, can be influenced by the process of thinning. The aim of this study is to describe the impact of silvicultural measures on the content of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen in forest soil. Attention is paid to the organic (spruce treatments) and organomineral horizon (beech treatments) in which the transformation of soil nitrogen is most pronounced. Spruce treatments at the Rájec-Němčice area and beech stands at the Březina area, both in the region of Drahanská vrchovina (Czech Republic), were selected for the experiments. Two variants of thinning thinning from below and thinning from above, were performed in the spruce treatments, and thinning from above was performed in the beech treatments. Control variants with no silvicultural measures were defined in both treatments. The amount of ammonium nitrogen in the spruce treatments with thinning from above was in most cases higher than in the other variants. On the contrary, in variant with thinning from below, the ammonium nitrogen content decreased. In terms of the nitrate nitrogen content, the values were generally higher for variants with silvicultural measures than for the control variants. In the beech treatments, the amount of ammonium nitrogen increased and, on the contrary, there was a small decrease in the amount of nitrate nitrogen due to the effect of thinning from above. The differences between thinning from above and the control variants in the beech treatments were less noticeable than in the spruce treatments. Overall, however, it can be said that the nitrogen content available to the vegetation increased. The results of the given experiment provide insight into the trends of nitrogen mineralization intensity in stands in which silvicultural measures are performed.
2
Dahiwade, Suchita, Dr A. O. Ingle Dr. A. O. Ingle, and Dr S. R. Wate Dr. S. R. Wate. "Effect of Nitrogen Sources on the AZO Dye Decolourization." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 7 (June 1, 2012): 424–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/july2013/143.
Mariotti, M., A. Masoni, L. Ercoli, and I. Arduini. "Nitrogen leaching and residual effect of barley/field bean intercropping." Plant, Soil and Environment 61, No. 2 (June 6, 2016): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/832/2014-pse.
Haberle, J., P. Svoboda, and I. Raimanová. "The effect of post-anthesis water supply on grain nitrogen concentration and grain nitrogen Šeld of winter wheat." Plant, Soil and Environment 54, No. 7 (July 17, 2008): 304–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/422-pse.
The effect of water supply during grain growth on grain nitrogen concentration (GNC) and grain nitrogen yield (GNY) of winter wheat (<I>Triticum aestivum</I> L.) was studied in the field experiment on fertile loamy-clay soil in years 2004–2007. The water regime was differentiated using mobile rain shelter (water shortage, treatment S) and drip irrigation (ample water supply, treatment W); rain-fed crop served as the control treatment (R). Wheat was grown without addition of nitrogen and with 200 kg N/ha (N0 and N1, resp.). The effect of water supply on GNC was highly significant (<I>P</I> < 0.001) in fertilized wheat and not significant in N0. Drought significantly increased GNC in comparison with irrigated and rain-fed crop in N1. Average grain nitrogen concentrations in respective treatments S, R and W were 1.52, 1.54 and 1.56% in N0 and 2.50, 2.24 and 2.07% in N1. Water availability also significantly affected grain nitrogen yield (<I>P</I> < 0.01). The GNY of fertilized wheat under water shortage was significantly lower (139 kg/ha) than GNY in treatments R (174 kg/ha) and W (182 kg/ha) while under N0 the differences were not significant. Unlike GNC, the GNY was positively associated with mineral N supply (N<sub>min</sub>) in 0–90 cm depth in early spring (<I>r </I> = 0.98–0.99 and 0.83–0.97 for N0 and N1, resp.). Several weather and related characteristics showed relations to GNY and GNC, often opposite under N0 and N1. N<sub>min</sub> together with nitrogen fertilization rate, indicators of water regime and temperature during grain growth period explained 78–97% of observed variability of GNC and GNY in the experiment.
5
Kołodziejczyk, M. "Effect of nitrogen fertilization and microbial preparations on potato yielding." Plant, Soil and Environment 60, No. 8 (August 10, 2014): 379–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/7565-pse.
The effect of nitrogen fertilization and microbial preparations on yielding and development of potato tuber yield components were assessed in field experiments conducted under soil conditions of Luvic Chernozem. The factors of the experiment were nitrogen fertilization levels: 0, 60, 120 and 180 kg N/ha and the following preparations: BactoFil B10, effective microorganisms and UG<sub>max</sub> soil fertilizer. Nitrogen fertilization caused a significant increase in marketable yield of potato tubers. Yield increments on individual fertilizer treatments ranged from 66% to 140%. An evident effect of this factor was also visible regarding the yield components values. Increase in the number of main stems per 1 m<sup>2</sup> under the influence of growing nitrogen doses occurred from the fertilization level 120 kg N/ha, whereas the number of tubers per 1 stem increased only to the level of 60 kg N/ha. Each nitrogen dose applied within the range to 180 kg N/ha caused a marked increase in an average tuber weight. Conducted investigations demonstrated an unfavourable effect of microbial preparations on the marketable crop yield of tubers and formation of yield components. On the objects where microbial preparations were applied, the marketable yield was lower by 1.5 to 2.3 t/ha than in the control. Analysis of linear regression revealed occurrence of significant dependencies between the total tuber yield and the values of individual yield components. The relationships were the most visible for an average tuber weight formation as evidenced by the value of coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.983).
6
Svoboda, P., and J. Haberle. "The effect of nitrogen fertilization on root distribution of winter wheat." Plant, Soil and Environment 52, No, 7 (November 17, 2011): 308–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3446-pse.
The effect of nitrogen fertilization on root length (RL) distribution of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was investigated. The study was conducted in Prague-Ruzyne on clay loam Chernozemic soil in the years 1996–2003. Two (N0, N1) and three (N0, N1, N2) treatments, unfertilized (N0), fertilized with 100 kg (N1) and 200 kg N/ha (N2) were studied in 1996–2000 and 2001–2003, respectively. Nitrogen rate 100 kg/ha had no effect on RL in soil layers (P > 0.1) in years 1996–2000 and 2002–2003 and there was not significant interaction between N treatment and soil layer except for year 1998 (P < 0.01). Nitrogen fertilization affected RL distribution significantly (P = 0.013) only in 2001 due to reduction of root growth in subsoil layers in treatment N2 (200 kg N/ha) in comparison with N0 and N1. The effect of N fertilization on total RL in rooted soil volume was insignificant. There was a significant effect of year on total RL (P < 0.01) but not of interaction of year and N treatment. Roots reached, with the exception of two years, the depth between 100 and 130 cm. Nitrogen fertilization (N1) had no effect (P = 0.59) on rooting depth (RD) in years 1996–2000 but there was a significant effect of interaction between year and N fertilization on RD (P < 0.01). In the second experimental series (2001–2003) N fertilization rate 200 kg N/ha significantly reduced maximum RD (P < 0.01) in comparison with N0 and N1. The year had highly significant effect on RD.
7
Wicaksono, Adit Rizky, Yuni Kusumastuti, and Jaka Widada. "The Effect of Polyurethane Multilayer Coating on Nitrogen Release from Controlled Release Fertilizer." Key Engineering Materials 928 (August 16, 2022): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-mam171.
Nitrogen-based fertilizers are widely consumed to increase productivity since they play an essential role in plant growth. Common commercial fertilizers contain “mobile” nitrogens that can be easily transformed into other nitrogen compounds. The approach method to decrease nitrogen loss is called controlled-release fertilizer (CRF), which is done by modifying fertilizers with coating inhibitors such as polyurethane to provide surface resistance that inhibits nutrient release. Multilayer coating is one of the alternatives to minimize the risk of losing nitrogen content from granular fertilizer. This research will focus on the study of nitrogen release on the CRF modified by various polyurethane coating concentrations (6%, 8%, and 10%). The study was conducted by planting maize plants in a pot inside a greenhouse for nine weeks, followed by a nitrogen release test using a percolator. The morphology of final coating products was observed with scanning electron microscopy, while the mechanical properties and water content were measured with crushing strength test and water stability test. Three weeks after testing, polyurethane can reduce above 60% nitrogen release compared to uncoated fertilizer. After nine weeks since the maizes were planted, the nitrogen release will compare between inside the percolators’ simulation chambers and pot test to see the effect of polyurethane composition with nitrogen release pattern. The results show that the effective composition of polyurethane in CRF products is maximum at 8%w/w with nitrogen released above 75%. Keywords: controlled-release fertilizer, polyurethane multilayer coating, nitrogen release
8
Dawson, James S., and Jonathan G. Hardman. "Nitrous Oxide or Nitrogen Effect." Anesthesiology 108, no. 3 (March 1, 2008): 540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e3181650e7a.
Lindquist, John L., Sean P. Evans, Charles A. Shapiro, and Stevan Z. Knezevic. "Effect of Nitrogen Addition and Weed Interference on Soil Nitrogen and Corn Nitrogen Nutrition." Weed Technology 24, no. 1 (March 2010): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-09-070.1.
Weeds cause crop loss indirectly by reducing the quantity of resources available for growth. Quantifying the effects of weed interference on nitrogen (N) supply, crop growth, and N nutrition may assist in making both N and weed management decisions. Experiments were conducted to quantify the effect of N addition and weed interference on soil nitrate-N (NO3-N) over time and the dependence of corn growth on NO3-N availability, determine the corn N nutrition index (NNI) at anthesis, and evaluate if relative chlorophyll content can be utilized as a reliable predictor of NNI. Urea was applied at 0, 60, and 120 kg N/ha to establish N treatments. Season-long weedy, weed-free, and five weed interference treatments were established by delaying weed control from time of crop planting to the V3, V6, V9, V15, or R1 stages of corn development. Soil NO3-N ranged from 20 kg N/ha without N addition to 98 kg N/ha with 120 kg N/ha added early in the season, but crop and weed growth reduced soil NO3-N to 10 kg N/ha by corn anthesis. Weed presence reduced soil NO3-N by up to 50%. Average available NO3-N explained 29 to 40% of the variation in corn shoot mass at maturity. Weed interference reduced corn biomass and NNI by 24 to 69%. Lack of N also reduced corn NNI by 13 to 46%, but reduced corn biomass by only 11 to 23%. Nondestructive measures of relative chlorophyll content predicted corn NNI with 65 to 85% accuracy. Although weed competition for factors other than N may be the major contributor to corn biomass reduction, the chlorophyll meter was a useful diagnostic tool for assessing the overall negative effects of weeds on corn productivity. Further research could develop management practices to guide supplemental N applications in response to weed competition.
10
Yang, L., W. Cao, K. Thorup-Kristensen, J. Bai, S. Gao, and D. Chang. "Effect of Orychophragmus violaceus incorporation on nitrogen uptake in succeeding maize." Plant, Soil and Environment 61, No. 6 (June 6, 2016): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/178/2015-pse.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Effect of nitrogen on":
1
Farr, C. R. "Nitrogen Stabilizer Effect on Nitrate Nitrogen Management in Soils." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/204454.
Zhou, Maoqian 1961. "Nitrogen fixation by alfalfa as affected by salt stress and nitrogen levels." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277231.
The growth and Nitrogen fixation by one low salt tolerant alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and two germination salt tolerant selections inoculated with were investigated at two salt levels (0, -0.6 Mpa) and two N rates (1, 5ppm) using a system which automatically recirculates a nutrient solution. The high level of salinity (-0.6 Mpa osmotic potential of culture solution) resulted in substantial reduction in the N fixation percentage and total fixed N. The effect of salinity was more pronounced for later cuttings than for the earlier cutting. The N fixation percentages were substantially decreased by increasing N level and the reduction was enhanced by time. The N treatment levels did not exhibit a significant effect on total fixed N. Cultivars did not differ in either growth or N fixation. However, the interaction of N and salinity significantly decreased the percentage and amount of N fixation.
3
Haig, Paul Andrew. "Effect of dietary nitrogen solubility on nitrogen losses from lactating dairy cows." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ43169.pdf.
Bhogal, Anne. "Effect of long-term nitrogen applications on nitrogen cycling under continuous wheat." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294731.
Saunders, Eleanor Margaret. "The effect of mineral nitrogen on ectomycorrhizas with special reference to nitrogen deposition." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299547.
Cepeda, Jose de los Angeles 1955. "Nitrogen fixation by alfalfa as affected by osmotic potentials and measured by nitrogen-15 techniques." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276591.
One low salt tolerant alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivar and two germination salt tolerant alfalfa selections were compared for growth and N fixation at four salinity levels (0, -0.3, -0.6 and -1.2 Mpa). In the first experiment a Hoagland's solution at 5 ppm-N was used; in the second experiment the solution had a 1 ppm-N concentration and supplemental light was used. No significant differences were found among the cultivars. This provides additional support that germination salt tolerance is not necessarily related to salt tolerance for growth. Nitrogen fixed to the first harvest was 61, 48, 49, and 27% of the total shoot N for plants in the control, -0.3, -0.6, and -1.2 Mpa solutions, respectively. At the second harvest, N fixation percentages were 94, 89, 80, and 57% for the corresponding salinity levels which showed significant reduction in N fixation at -0.3 Mpa. The evaluation of N fixation was by 15N techniques.
7
Ippersiel, Denis. "The effect of foliar nitrogen fertilization on nitrogen distribution, yield and protein quality of forage corn /." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63798.
Papadopoulos, Anastasios K. "Nitrogen and moisture distributions under subirrigated soybeans." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55520.
A field lysimeter experiment was conducted on a sandy loam soil during the 1990 and 1991 growing seasons. The experiment tested the effects of different watertables on soybean yields, and on moisture distribution and nitrogen concentration of the soil profile. The watertable depths were 40, 60, 80, and 100 centimeters (cm). Yields were measured in terms of number of beans per plant, number of pods per plant, number of beans per pod, and seed protein content at harvest. Soil samples collected at depths of 30 and 70 cm from the soil surface were analyzed for moisture content and NO$ sb3 sp-$-N and NH$ sb4 sp+$-N concentrations. The experimental results showed that controlled watertable management increased the yield and decreased soil NO$ sb3 sp-$-N levels. The best results from the watertables tested were found to be at 60 and 80 cm. This is suggested as the range of watertable depths that should be maintained for optimum soybean production.
9
Denton, Bethany L. "Effect of Orange Peels on Nitrogen Efficiency in Ruminants." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1471877758.
Choudhury, D. "The effect of honeydew on leaf-litter decomposition, soil non-symbiotic nitrogen fixation and nitrogen mineralization." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376903.
Nitrogen Workshop (8th 1994 University of Ghent). Progress in nitrogen cycling studies: Proceedings of the 8th Nitrogen Workshop, held at the University of Ghent, 5-8 September 1994. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997.
Graham, Russell T. Ten-year results of fertilizing grand fir, western hemlock, western larch, and Douglas-fir with nitrogen in northern Idaho. [Ogden, Utah]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1985.
Graham, Russell T. Ten-year results of fertilizing grand fir, western hemlock, western larch, and Douglas-fir with nitrogen in northern Idaho. [Ogden, Utah]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1985.
Book chapters on the topic "Effect of nitrogen on":
1
Gallori, E., M. Bazzicalupo, E. Casalone, G. Di Biase, R. Fani, and M. Polsinelli. "Effect of Different Pesticides on Azospirillum Brasilense." In Nitrogen Fixation, 355–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3486-6_79.
Barbieri, P., C. Baggio, M. Bazzicalupo, E. Galli, G. Zanetti, and M. P. Nuti. "Azospirillum-Gramineae Interaction: Effect of Indole-3-Acetic Acid." In Nitrogen Fixation, 161–68. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3486-6_29.
Jha, M., A. F. Yakunin, Chan Van Ni, and I. N. Gogotov. "Effect of Ammonium on the Nitrogenase Activity of Anabaena Variabilis." In Nitrogen Fixation, 531–32. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3486-6_111.
Ishac, Y. Z., M. A. Ahmed, and S. H. El-Deeb. "Effect of Biofertilizers on Controlling Fusarium Solani f. Sp. Phaseoli." In Nitrogen Fixation, 75. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3486-6_17.
Milam, J. R., S. L. Albrecht, F. Kamuru, and K. T. Shanmugam. "The Effect of Ammonia-Excreting Cyanobacteria on the Growth of Rice." In Nitrogen Fixation, 523–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3486-6_107.
Fulchieri, M., C. Lucangeli, and R. Bottini. "Effect of Azospirillum Lipoferum and GA3 on Root Growth in Corn." In Nitrogen Fixation, 297–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3486-6_54.
Šimek, M., V. Pižl, and J. Chalupský. "The effect of some terrestrial oligochaeta on nitrogenase activity in the soil." In Nitrogen Fixation, 49–53. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3486-6_6.
Marsalek, B., M. Simek, and A. Lukesova. "The Effect of Phytohormones on Nitrogenase Activity and Growth of Nostoc Muscorum Agardh." In Nitrogen Fixation, 529–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3486-6_110.
Yakunin, A. F., A. A. Tsygankov, I. N. Gogotov, and M. Jha. "Effect of Mo, V and W on the Growth and Nitrogenase Synthesis in Phototrophic Bacteria." In Nitrogen Fixation, 583–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3486-6_132.
Paul, E., P. Blanc, A. Pareilleux, G. Goma, J. Fages, and D. Mulard. "Effect of pO2, pCO2 and Agitation on Growth Kinetics of Azospirillum Lipoferum Under Fermentor Conditions." In Nitrogen Fixation, 313–14. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3486-6_61.
Conference papers on the topic "Effect of nitrogen on":
1
Yamada, K., T. Kawashima, Y. Murakami, and N. Hozumi. "Effect of solid nitrogen particles on partial discharge characteristics in slush nitrogen." In 2020 IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ceidp49254.2020.9437558.
Capelli, Marco, Hiroshi Abe, Takeshi Ohshima, Brett C. Johnson, David A. Simpson, Jan Jeske, Andrew D. Greentree, Philipp Reineck, and Brant C. Gibson. "The effect of nitrogen concentration on quantum sensing with nitrogen-vacancy centres." In Biophotonics Australasia 2019, edited by Ewa M. Goldys and Brant C. Gibson. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2541225.
Chomas, Andrew, and Kurt Steinke. "EFFECT OF FOLIAR NITROGEN ON SUGARBEET PRODUCTION." In 37th Biennial Meeting of American Society of Sugarbeet Technologist. ASSBT, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2013.74.
Litke, Linda, Zinta Gaile, and Antons Ruza. "Effect of nitrogen rate on nitrogen use efficiency in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus)." In Research for Rural Development 2019 : annual 25th International scientific conference. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.25.2019.047.
Zhiming Qi, Matthew Justin Helmers, and Peter A Lawlor. "Effect of different land covers on nitrate-nitrogen leaching and nitrogen uptake in Iowa." In 2008 Providence, Rhode Island, June 29 - July 2, 2008. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.24784.
Yeung, Woon-Shing, and Ramu K. Sundaram. "Effect of Nitrogen Release From Accumulators on PWR LOCA Analysis." In 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone10-22113.
The accumulator in a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) is generally pressurized with inert nitrogen cover gas, and the accumulator water will be saturated with nitrogen. Nitrogen released due to system depressurization during a Loss-of-Coolant Accident (LOCA) transient, consists of the nitrogen that is in the gas phase as well as nitrogen coming out of the liquid from a dissolved state. The effect of nitrogen release from the accumulator on the accident sequence is generally not explicitly addressed in typical LOCA analyses. This paper presents an analytical nitrogen release model and its incorporation into the RELAP5/MOD3 computer code. The model predicts the amount of nitrogen release as a function of concentration difference between the actual and equilibrium conditions, and can track its subsequent transport through the downstream reactor coolant system in a LOCA transient. The model is compared to data from discharge tests with a refrigerant type fluid, pressurized with nitrogen. The results demonstrate that the model is able to calculate the release of the dissolved nitrogen as designed. The modified computer code has been applied to analyze the discharge from a typical PWR accumulator. The results are compared to those obtained without the nitrogen release model. The effect of nitrogen release on major system parameters, including accumulator level, accumulator flow rate, and accumulator pressure, is discussed.
7
GARNER, CHARLES, JOHN BROPHY, L. PLESS, and JOHN BARNETT. "The effect of nitrogen on xenon ion engine erosion." In 21st International Electric Propulsion Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1990-2591.
For experimental investigations of the thermodynamic effect on a cavitating inducer, it is nesessary to observe the cavitation. However, visualizations of the cavitation are not so easy in cryogenic flow. For this reason, we estimated the cavity region in liquid nitrogen based on measurements of the pressure fluctuation near the blade tip. In the present study, we focused on the length of the tip cavitation as a cavitation parameter. Comparison of the tip cavity length in liquid nitrogen (80 K) with that in cold water (296 K) allowed us to estimate the strength of the thermodynamic effect. The degree of thermodynamic effect was found to increase with an increase of the cavity length. The estimated temperature depression caused by vaporization increased rapidly when the cavity length extended over the throat. In addition, the estimated temperature inside the bubble nearly reached the temperature of the triple point when the pump performance deteriorated.
9
Hong, Shane Y. "Investigation of Liquid Nitrogen Lubrication Effect in Cryogenic Machining." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63089.
In cryogenic machining, liquid nitrogen (LN2) is well recognized as an effective coolant due to its low temperature, however, its lubrication effect remains unknown. Our previous studies of the change in cutting forces, tool wear, chip microstructure, and friction coefficient indicate a possible lubrication effect by LN2. To verify proposed LN2 mechanisms and distinguish them, idealized disk-flat contact tests were performed. From the test results, the LN2 lubrication effect by altering material properties at low temperature was dependent on the material pairs. An uncoated carbide insert with a low carbon steel or titanium alloy disk test showed reduction of friction under LN2 cooling, but a coated insert increased the friction force. LN2 injection to form a physical barrier or hydrodynamic effect between two bodies is always effective to reduce friction force.
10
Frisk, T., Ä. Bilaletdin, and H. Kaipainen. "The effect of phosphorus on nitrogen retention in lakes." In WATER POLLUTION 2006. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp060131.
Wendt, J. O. L., and J. B. Mereb. Nitrogen oxide abatement by distributed fuel addition. [Reburning, mixing, effect of concentration of nitrogen]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6009379.
Holden, Bruce. Effect of Biodiesel on Diesel Engine Nitrogen Oxide and Other Regulated Emissions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada606995.
Holden, Bruce, Jason Jack, Wayne Miller, and Tom Durbin. Effect of Biodiesel on Diesel Engine Nitrogen Oxide and Other Regulated Emissions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada483162.
Al-Kaisi, Mahdi, and David Kwaw-Mensah. Effect of Tillage and Nitrogen Rate on Corn Response in a Corn-Soybean Rotation. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1126.
Alchanatis, Victor, Stephen W. Searcy, Moshe Meron, W. Lee, G. Y. Li, and A. Ben Porath. Prediction of Nitrogen Stress Using Reflectance Techniques. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7580664.bard.
Commercial agriculture has come under increasing pressure to reduce nitrogen fertilizer inputs in order to minimize potential nonpoint source pollution of ground and surface waters. This has resulted in increased interest in site specific fertilizer management. One way to solve pollution problems would be to determine crop nutrient needs in real time, using remote detection, and regulating fertilizer dispensed by an applicator. By detecting actual plant needs, only the additional nitrogen necessary to optimize production would be supplied. This research aimed to develop techniques for real time assessment of nitrogen status of corn using a mobile sensor with the potential to regulate nitrogen application based on data from that sensor. Specifically, the research first attempted to determine the system parameters necessary to optimize reflectance spectra of corn plants as a function of growth stage, chlorophyll and nitrogen status. In addition to that, an adaptable, multispectral sensor and the signal processing algorithm to provide real time, in-field assessment of corn nitrogen status was developed. Spectral characteristics of corn leaves reflectance were investigated in order to estimate the nitrogen status of the plants, using a commercial laboratory spectrometer. Statistical models relating leaf N and reflectance spectra were developed for both greenhouse and field plots. A basis was established for assessing nitrogen status using spectral reflectance from plant canopies. The combined effect of variety and N treatment was studied by measuring the reflectance of three varieties of different leaf characteristic color and five different N treatments. The variety effect on the reflectance at 552 nm was not significant (a = 0.01), while canonical discriminant analysis showed promising results for distinguishing different variety and N treatment, using spectral reflectance. Ambient illumination was found inappropriate for reliable, one-beam spectral reflectance measurement of the plants canopy due to the strong spectral lines of sunlight. Therefore, artificial light was consequently used. For in-field N status measurement, a dark chamber was constructed, to include the sensor, along with artificial illumination. Two different approaches were tested (i) use of spatially scattered artificial light, and (ii) use of collimated artificial light beam. It was found that the collimated beam along with a proper design of the sensor-beam geometry yielded the best results in terms of reducing the noise due to variable background, and maintaining the same distance from the sensor to the sample point of the canopy. A multispectral sensor assembly, based on a linear variable filter was designed, constructed and tested. The sensor assembly combined two sensors to cover the range of 400 to 1100 nm, a mounting frame, and a field data acquisition system. Using the mobile dark chamber and the developed sensor, as well as an off-the-shelf sensor, in- field nitrogen status of the plants canopy was measured. Statistical analysis of the acquired in-field data showed that the nitrogen status of the com leaves can be predicted with a SEP (Standard Error of Prediction) of 0.27%. The stage of maturity of the crop affected the relationship between the reflectance spectrum and the nitrogen status of the leaves. Specifically, the best prediction results were obtained when a separate model was used for each maturity stage. In-field assessment of the nitrogen status of corn leaves was successfully carried out by non contact measurement of the reflectance spectrum. This technology is now mature to be incorporated in field implements for on-line control of fertilizer application.
6
Martin, Kim G. Effect of Temperature on the Corrosion Resistance of Nitrogen Bearing AL6X and 904L Stainless Steels. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada201955.
Stanko, Stephen W. The Effect of Nitrogen and Titanium on the Toughness of High Strength Saw Weld Deposits. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada213400.
Kirova, Elisaveta. Effect of Nitrogen Nutrition Source on Antioxidant Defense System of Soybean Plants Subjected to Salt Stress. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2020.02.09.
Rueber, David. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on Corn Grain Quality. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2531.
Rueber, David. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on Corn Grain Quality. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-753.
