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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Effect of Drug traffic on'

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Published: 29 July 2024

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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1

Hutcherson, Donald Tyrone. "Street dreams the effect of incarceration on illegal earnings /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1218205841.

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2

García, Martín Meráz. "A theoretical approach : an exploratory analysis of higher level narcotraffickers of Latin American decent." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Fall2007/M_Garcia_082007.pdf.

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3

Barnes, DeEtta Lachelle Gray. "Drug trafficking in Haiti." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Jun%5FBarnes.pdf.

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4

Chung, Wing-kan. "An evaluation of the confiscation laws of Hong Kong." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13552880.

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5

McGowen, Richard S. "Central Asian drug trafficking dilemma." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Dec%5FMcGowen.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2003.
Thesis advisor(s): Mikhail Tsypkin, Robert E. Looney. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-79). Also available online.

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6

Funes, Ponce Rayne E. "Honduras' national security strategy to combat terrorism." Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/06Dec%5FFunes%5FPonce.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2006.
Thesis Advisor(s): Douglas Borer. "December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-88). Also available in print.

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7

Nadella, Sunita. "Effect of machine vision based traffic data collection accuracy on traffic noise." Ohio : Ohio University, 2002. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1174681979.

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8

Silber, Yvonne Beata. "The acute side effects of d-amphetamine and methamphetamine on simulated driving performance, cognitive functioning, brain activity, and the standardised field sobriety tests." Australasian Digital Theses Program, 2006. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au/public/adt-VSWT20070319.105603/index.html.

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Thesis (PhD) - Swinburne University of Technology, 2006.
Typescript. [Submitted for the degree of] Doctor of Philosophy, Swinburne University of Technology - 2006. Includes bibliographical references (p. 253-290).

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9

Capps, Penny R. "A new perspective for creating geographic products for drug interdiction." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09292009-020035/.

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10

V, De la Torre Luis. "Drug trafficking and police corruption a comparison of Colombia and Mexico /." Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA483659.

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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Western Hemisphere))--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2008.
Thesis Advisor(s): Giraldo, Jeanne ; Berger, Mark T. "June 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on August 25, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-121). Also available in print.

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11

Murphy, Thomas A. "Prospects for United States-Mexican cooperation in the war on drug trafficking." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA246180.

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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 1990.
Thesis Advisor(s): Tollefson, Scott D. Second Reader: Bruneau, Thomas C. "December 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 2, 2010. DTIC Identifier(s): Drug Interdiction, Drug Smuggling, War On Drugs, United States, Mexico, Drug Control Policies, Border. Includes bibliographical references (p. 125-129). Also available in print.

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12

Sevigny, Eric L. "The tryanny [sic] of quantity: how the overemphasis on drug quantity in federal drug sentencing leads to disparate and anomalous sentencing outcomes." Unrestricted Access, 2006. http://etd.library.pitt.edu/ETD/available/etd-07182006-154904/.

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13

Aksakal, Baris. "Transnational Organized Crime and the Drug Business." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3271/.

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This study analyzes the activities of the organized crime groups involved in the drug business, as well as examining national and international efforts to control these groups. Specifically, this study addresses the following questions: How is organized crime connected to the international drug business?; What are the major transnational organized crime groups involved in the international drug business?; What is the nature of the drug problem as it relates to organized crime internationally?; What international cooperative law enforcement efforts currently exist to deal with organized crime and the drug business? Findings indicate that efforts to create an effective international law enforcement network are needed to meet the challenges of drug trafficking and globalized crime. To date, such efforts have largely been unsuccessful.

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14

Chassee, Thomas J. Cobb Michael M. "Narcotics and national security refining the military option /." Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA243761.

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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 1990.
Thesis Advisor(s): Winterford, David. Second Reader: Bruneau, Thomas C. "December 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 02, 2010. DTIC Descriptor(s): Military operations, drug smuggling, law enforcement, Latin America, narcotics, national security, military forces (United States), theses DTIC Identifier(s): Counternarcotics, drug war, narcoterrorism, blast furnace operation Author(s) subject terms: "Drug war", narcotrafficking, military options, insurgency and narcotics, political, social and economic impact of narcotrafficking Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.

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15

Wu, Seung Kook. "Adaptive traffic control effect on arterial travel time charateristics." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31839.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.
Committee Chair: Hunter, Michael; Committee Member: Guensler, Randall; Committee Member: Leonard, John; Committee Member: Rodgers, Michael; Committee Member: Roshan J. Vengazhiyil. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

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16

Adam, Fatima. "Quantification of the effect of air traffic on terminal precinct ground traffic and the corresponding ground traffic effect on kerbside and parking infrastructure requirements at O.R. Tambo International Airport." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9991.

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The sharp increase in travel demand at ORTIA in recent years has been translated into frequent parking supply and kerbside pick-up/drop-of bay shortages, particularly during peak periods. This often results in long delays and increased frustration among those using these facilities. In an attempt to solve the terminal precinct congestion problems currently experienced at O.R.Tambo International Airport (ORTIA), a need exists to understand parking and kerbside drop-off/pick-up bay demand, so that infrastructure investment corresponds to this demand.

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17

Pena-Guzman, Claudia P. "Exploitation of free markets and globalization to finance terrorists." Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/MBAPR/2008/Sept/08Sep%5FPena%5FGuzman%5FMBA.pdf.

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"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration from the Naval Postgraduate School, September 2008."
Advisor(s): San Miguel, Joseph G. ; Freeman, Michael. "September 2008." "MBA professional report"--Cover. Description based on title screen as viewed on November 4, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-52). Also available in print.

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18

Beyer, Lorraine R. "Heroin importation and higher level drug dealing in Australia : opportunistic entrepreneurialism /." Connect to thesis, 2005. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00001612.

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19

Scott, Andrew. "The effect of police enforcement on road traffic accidents." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2010. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/4414.

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The primary goal of this thesis is to investigate the effectiveness of police enforcement on Road Traffic Accidents; specifically, ‘Does police enforcement activity have any real effect on levels of Killed and Seriously Injured road traffic accidents?' Data relating to forty one Police Force Areas in England and Wales was analysed by means of Zero Truncated Poisson regression, Cluster Analysis and Multilevel Modelling. Enforcement measures available to the police, for which data is available in this report, range from Prosecutions and Fixed Penalty Notices to Written Warnings and Vehicle Defect Rectification Notices. Results from the Zero Truncated Poisson regression models have significant effects (P < .05), in relation to both contemporary and lagged Annual data and contemporary Quarterly data, for all proxy variables except Prosecutions. Significant effects (P < .05) are also found for Fixed Penalty Notices lagged by two quarters, Vehicle Defect Rectification Notices and speeding related Fixed Penalty Notices lagged by one quarter. Results from Cluster Analysis verify the trend linking increased police enforcement with decreasing KSI rates. Clusters derived from population based KSI rates are more clearly defined than those using Vehicle kilometres travelled based KSI rates. Multilevel modelling found significant fixed effects (P < .05) for Fixed Penalty Notices and speeding related Fixed Penalty Notices in relation to both derived and regional clusters, linking an increase in enforcement to a decrease in the overall KSI rate. There would seem to be little doubt, based on the findings of this report, that higher levels of police enforcement, as measured here, lead to decreasing numbers of KSI accidents.

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20

Albán, Pedro. "The prevention and suppression of drug abuse and illicit traffic in international civil aviation /." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69748.

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Drug control has important connotations in the field of civil aviation. In the first place, substance consumption by aviation personnel may have disastrous effects given the level of alertness required in the performance of their duties. Furthermore, a significant portion of the illicit traffic in drugs is performed by air. Hence, the International Civil Aviation Organization has been called upon to participate actively in the international campaign against traffic in drugs. This paper explores ICAO's response to the international call for action.
The first chapter presents ICAO within the context of the international system of drug control and provides background information on the drug control activity performed by the international community during the present century.
The second chapter reviews in detail ICAO's role and activity, which have touched three main subject areas: air transport aspects, technical aspects and legal aspects of the prevention and suppression of drug abuse and illicit traffic in international civil aviation.
The conclusions contain the author's personal assessment of the issues reviewed and make reference to the future challenges of the international community in the subject.

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21

Kazantzoglou, Avraam. "Flexible Architecture System & Topology License Plate Recognition (FAST LPR) and Concept of Operations in Thailand." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2008/Sept/08Sep%5FKazantzoglou.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Electronic Warfare Systems Engineering and M.A. in Security Studies (Stabilization and Reconstruction))--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2008.
Thesis Advisor(s): Sankar, Pat ; McNab, Robert. "September 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on November 6, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 151-154). Also available in print.

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22

Dwaikat, Mai Al. "The Effect of Ultrasound on Transdermal Drug Delivery." Thesis, Coventry University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492372.

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23

De, Young Paul. "Effect of Medicaid prior authorization on drug utilization." CONNECT TO ELECTRONIC THESIS, 2007. http://dspace.wrlc.org/handle/1961/4249.

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24

Whalley, P. M. "The effect of propofol on hepatic drug metabolism." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242307.

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25

Al-Balushi, Rashid Bin Hamed. "Drugs and drug policies in Oman with special reference to the death penalty." Thesis, University of Hull, 2004. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5605.

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The problem of drugs in Oman has assumed serious proportions in recent years. It leads to creation of an underground economy and is associated with loss of skilled manpower. However, the problem has several dimensions. It has direct and indirect adverse effects. In response to increases in both worldwide drug production and drug demand in Oman, law makers in Oman instituted legal measures designed to protect the health, welfare and finance of people from the effects of drug use. In addition, law makers in Oman have recognized that trade in illicit drugs is a global activity and that drug-related activities are associated with other criminal behaviour; therefore they have tried to honour the spirit of international conventions related to drug control. Thus, the Drug Act No. 17 was passed in March 1999 and came into force on 6th April 1999, to regulate the procedures regarding the trafficking and trade of drugs in Oman. The most striking feature of the new law is a 'death penalty. The death penalty would be applied to those charged with drug trafficking and smuggling, as laid down in article No 43. Therefore, the question is can the death penalty deter criminals from committing trafficking and smuggling in drugs? No research has been done to examine the effect of the new drug law in Oman. This thesis aims to fill that gap and investigate the impact of the new drugs law in Oman. Data collection for the study was carried out using three methods: questionnaire, semi-structured interview and documentary data from police files before and after the introduction of the death penalty for the period from 1st April 1996 to 31st March 2002. The total period covered was 72 months. Statistical reports and other research papers carried out in Oman and other countries were also reviewed. The results of testing a number of hypotheses indicated that since the introduction of the death penalty for drug offences, the numbers of drug arrests and the incidence of violence related to drug offences have increased. In addition, the smuggling of drugs by sea has increased. Moreover, heroin trafficking has increased since the introduction of the death penalty. The study found that there is a lack of knowledge about drugs (the types of drugs, punishment, addictions treatment and belief about drug effects) among both groups of participants, drug offenders and non-drug offenders. Finally, the findings of this study indicate that the introduction of the death penalty in Oman does not deter drug offenders from involvement in drug related offences in general and drug trafficking offences in particular.

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26

Wang, Bo. "Effect of urban morphology on the distribution of traffic noise." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/19965/.

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The thesis explores the effects of the urban morphological characteristics on the general level and the spatial distribution of urban traffic noise with employing the state-of-the-art noise mapping method and a series of quantitative research approaches. In a systematic applicability test, it was found that the state-of-the-art EU noise mapping method is applicable in most of the complicated urban space scenarios selected in China; while for some complicated urban environment features, optimisation of the calculation configuration, modelling method, or calculation algorithm is required to ensure acceptable accuracy. A comparison study was then conducted between a series of urban areas with similar functions and distinct urban morphological features in two typical urbanised areas selected in the UK and China. The result reveals strong influences of urban morphological features on the noise distribution patterns. The effect of the social-economic factors on the spatial distribution of traffic noise was also explored. A parametric study based on a series of idealised cases was conducted to further explore the effects of urban morphological features on the traffic noise. A number of urban morphological indices were found to have significant effects on the general level and distribution of traffic noise and series of prediction models were also developed based on multilinear regression analyses, and it was found that the variation of up to 73.1% of the ground noise level and 70.7% of the indoor noise level can be predicted by 2-3 urban morphological indices. Based on the findings, a series of practical suggestions were then given for the potential of predicting and mitigating the traffic noise impact through urban planning and urban design measures.

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27

Phahlane, Motsepe Herbert. "Effect of land-use change on traffic peak hour factor." Thesis, Vaal University of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10352/385.

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M. Tech. (Department of Civil Engineering and Building, Faculty of Engineering and Technology), Vaal University of Technology
Growth in land development in South Africa resulted in large increase in traffic volumes. A Traffic Impact Assessment (TIA), as a traffic engineering tool, is commonly used to assess the possible effects of a land development project on the transportation and traffic system. During the TIA process, capacity analysis is performed to indicate the measures of effectiveness of the intersection. Intersection capacity analysis in South Africa by engineers is done on the basis of default values of the Peak Hour Factor (PHF) provided by the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) or limited traffic counts. However, the default value of PHF may be significantly affected by new developments in the neighbourhood of the intersection. This study aimed at investigating the impact land-use change has on the existing intersection PHF, thus predicting values per land-use type. Intersections with traffic counts conducted before and after land-use change in vicinity were selected and investigated. The results showed that change in land-use has an impact on the existing PHF. They also assist in identifying the appropriate intersections to predict the PHF per land-use type. Intersections were identified and analysed, and this led to the development of a design chart showing the predicted PHF per land-use type selected and measures to consider during traffic analysis. Intersection capacity analysis was performed to compare the results using the predicted PHF and the HCM default values. The results showed that traffic flow rate was adjusted by up to 26% when using the default values, 0.92 and 0.95. The results also showed that the default values could overestimate the volume to capacity ratio and the average delay by up to 15% and 35%, respectively. It was then concluded that the use of HCM default values of the PHF for every land-use type will have an effect of the final roadway design results. The computed PHF values for each land-use type were then recommended to be used to ensure fairness and consistency in traffic analysis.

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28

Walker, Justine. "Drugs trafficking and terrorism in Central Asia : an anatomy of relationships." Thesis, St Andrews, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/896.

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29

Issa, Mark E., E. M. K. Wijeratne, A. A. L. Gunatilaka, and Muriel Cuendet. "Withanolide D Exhibits Similar Cytostatic Effect in Drug-Resistant and Drug-Sensitive Multiple Myeloma Cells." FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625811.

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In spite of recent therapeutic advances, multiple myeloma (MM) remains a malignancy with very low curability. This has been partly attributed to the existence of a drug-resistant subpopulation known as cancer stem cells (CSCs). MM-CSCs are equipped with the necessary tools that render them highly resistant to virtually all conventional therapies. In this study, the growth inhibitory effects of withanolide D (WND), a steroidal lactone isolated from Withania somnifera, on drug-sensitive tumoral plasma cells and drug-resistant MM cells have been investigated. In MTT/XTT assays, WND exhibited similar cytostatic effects between drug-resistant and drug-sensitive cell lines in the nM range. WND also induced cell death and apoptosis in MM-CSCs and RPMI 8226 cells, as examined by the calcein/ethidium homodimer and annexin V/propidium iodide stainings, respectively. To determine whether P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux affected the cytostatic activity of WND, P-gp was inhibited with verapamil and results indicated that the WND cytostatic effect in MM-CSCs was independent of P-gp efflux. Furthermore, WND did not increase the accumulation of the fluorescent P-gp substrate rhodamine 123 in MM-CSCs, suggesting that WND may not inhibit P-gp at the tested relevant doses. Therefore, the WND-induced cytostatic effect may be independent of P-gp efflux. These findings warrant further investigation of WND in MM-CSC animal models.

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Cheng, Hiu-wan Keens. "The effect of polydrug abuse on neuropsychological functions." Click to view E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37100981.

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Cakir, Reha. "An unholy alliance: Case studies in narco-terrorism." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3264/.

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This study is designed both as a case study and a literature-based policy analysis to assist interested parties in gaining a better understanding of controversial “narco-terrorism” phenomenon. The objectives of this study are to show the existing connection between some terrorist organizations and drug trafficking to provide academic information about and explanations for terrorism and drug trafficking, to critically analyze the biases of many current narco-terrorism doctrines and to offer a comprehensive and neutral typology that elucidates all types of narco-terrorism. This thesis is presented in four parts. The first part includes an introduction to narco-terrorism and provides a historical background of drug dilemma and terrorism. A number of definitional and conceptual arguments constituting the backbone of the study are laid out in the second part of the study. Third part consists of case studies of three different insurgent groups. An analysis of the information uncovered and presented in previous chapters and a typology of narco-terrorism are provided in the last part. Thesis is concluded with recommendations in an attempt to inspire useful policies for individuals or institutions operating on the field.

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Chung, Wing-kan, and 鍾永勤. "An evaluation of the confiscation laws of Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31964254.

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Weise-Kelly, Lorraine Ann. "Drug-induced ataxia : effect of the self-administration contingency /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0030/NQ66245.pdf.

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34

Cox, Sander. "Modeling of drug effect in general closed-loop anesthesia." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-322249.

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In medicine, anesthesia is achieved by administering two interacting drugs. Nowadays,the Depth of Anesthesia can be expressed by the Bispectral Index Scale, which ismeasured by an EEG. In order to make automatic closed-loop anesthesia possiblewith the benefits of 1) relieving the anesthesiologist from the hard task of administering optimal drug doses, 2) achieving more consistent drug effects by meansof individualization, and 3) reducing side effects because of the achieved reduced overall drug administration, estimating accurate models of the effect of drug doses onthe Depth of Anesthesia is essential.The model used was a minimally parametrized PharmacoKinetic-Pharmaco Dynamic Wiener model. The parameters of the model were estimated using an Extended Kalman Filter, whose parameters were tuned manually. The model and filter were tested on new data from both the University of Porto and the University of Brescia.The unit of the reference data set from Porto was unknown, so in order to use the scale-dependent model an educated guess was made to convert the other data sets to a reasonable scale. Furthermore, the data from Brescia was incomplete, which could only partly be remediated. Similar tracking performances were obtained when using the new data sets compared to the reference data, however, either relatively constant estimates, or different parameter estimates for similar conditions, were typically obtained. This questions the validity of the model used and if the parameters foundcan be trusted. Therefore, the replication of the procedure on other complete data,and the comparison with the application of other models on the studied data, is subject for future research.

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Bai, Shuang. "Effect of immunosuppressive agents on drug metabolism in rats." Thesis, Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3008270.

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Andrade-Garzon, Celso. "Has plan Colombia ignored neighboring countries?" Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA483624.

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Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2008.
Thesis Advisor(s): Rothstein, Hy. "June 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on August 26, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-100). Also available in print.

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Silva, Carla. "Tráfico de droga nos aeroportos: análise de uma realidade pouco explorada." Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5702.

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Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de licenciada em Criminologia
O tráfico de droga é um tema recorrente na sociedade contemporânea que, na sua extensão, engloba todos os cidadãos. Pode-se afirmar que é um tema já com bastantes anos de história e, ainda hoje, desperta um particular interesse em diversos autores. O tema foi escolhido por ser diversificado, interessante, e também relativamente ligado à área da Criminologia. Os aeroportos são um local onde transitam diariamente milhões de pessoas, associada a uma vasta complexidade no seu funcionamento. Com isto, a ideia de fazer um projeto cujo tema é o tráfico aeroportuário surgiu por não haver muitos artigos que relacionem as duas designações diretamente, e por isso surge na tentativa de interligar as mesmas projetando um trabalho coeso, aliciante e elucidativo.
Drug trafficking is a recurring theme in contemporary society, in its extent, covers all citizens. One can say that it is s topic with many years of history and still today arouses a particular arouses a particular interest in several authors. The theme was chosen for being diverse, interesting, and also relatively connected to the field of Criminology. The airports are a place where passing through daily million people, associated with a vast complexity in its operation. With this, the idea of making a project whose theme is the airport traffic came about because there was no many articles that link the two names directly, and so arises in trying to connect the same designing a cohesive work, attractive and informative.
N/A

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Chow, Andy Ho Fai. "Adaptive traffic control system : a study of strategies, computational speed and effect of prediction error /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2002. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202002%20CHOW.

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Thesis (M. Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 126-129). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.

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Falinski, Giles L. "The Deterrent Effect of Traffic Enforcement on Ohio Crashes, 1995-2004." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1245963442.

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40

Bildstein, Allen F. "The effect of environmental illumination on traffic sign conspicuity and retroreflectivity." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2143.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 68 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-62).

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41

Pinto, Lucas Vinicius Silva. "Last call: the effect of car sharing apps on traffic accidents." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/24113.

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Ao tirarmos proveito das diferentes datas de lançamento de plataformas de compartilhamento de veículos particulares, pudemos investigar o efeitos destas na segurança do trânsito, mensurada pelo número de acidentes reportados na popular plataforma de navegação Waze. Não encontramos efeito conclusivo no número total de acidentes. No entanto, encontramos um heterogeneidade substancial em função do dia da semana analisado, com uma redução significativa no número de acidentes aos domingos. Dividindo os dias em períodos, encontramos efeitos ainda mais heterogêneos, com reduções significativas tanto aos sábados como aos domingos pela noite. Ao contrário de nossa espectativa, encontramos efeitos mais fortes no curto prazo (primeiros dois meses) do que no longo prazo (mais de dois meses). Estes resultados sugerem que aplicativos de compartilhamento de veículos particulares têm um impacto relevante na redução do número de acidentes de trânsito, especialmente aos finais de semana a noite, o que corrobora com a popular hipótese de que tais plataformas reduzem o número de motoristas alcoolizados. Os resultados também indicam que há outros canais (além da diminuição do número de motoristas alcoolizados) pelos quais os aplicativos levam a uma redução no número de acidentes.
By taking advantage of the timing in the expansion of car sharing platforms in Brazil, we investigated their impact on road safety, measured as user-reported car accidents on the popular navigation platform Waze. We found no conclusive effect on the overall number of accidents. However, we found substantial heterogeneity depending on the weekday and a significant reduction on the number of accident on Sundays. Dividing the days into periods showed further heterogeneity, with a significant reduction on the number of accidents both on Saturday and Sunday nights. Contrary to our expectations we found a stronger effect on the short run (first two months) rather than in the long run (more then two months). This findings suggest that car sharing apps have a relevant impact in reducing the number of car accidents, specially at weekend nights, which corroborates to the popular hypotheses that such platforms help curb drunk driving. The results also indicate that there are more channels in play leading to the reduction of car accidents other than restricting drunk driving.

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42

Woolf, Mark Ivan. "The effect of age and visual impairment on traffic sign detection." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2002. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36783/1/36783_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.

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Older drivers have a high traffic crash rate. One factor that has consistently been reported as contributing to this problem is that of drivers failing to see and obey traffic signs in time. Researchers have attempted to determine the characteristics of traffic sign design that might improve their visibility and legibility, particularly for older drivers. However, much of this research has been laboratory-based or has employed simplistic on-road measurement techniques, which may not take into account the complexity of the normal driving environment. In response, the current study aimed to develop and apply a technique for the measurement of traffic sign recognition and legibility distances in an open road environment for participants of different ages and ocular status. Three studies were conducted as part of this project. Study 1 was undertaken in order to develop a simple and inexpensive technique for the measurement of on-road traffic sign legibility distances. The system was shown to have better than 90 percent accuracy for legibility distances up to 175m, and measurements between experimenters were consistent. The system was also easy to use and economical. This measurement system was utilised in all subsequent studies. Study 2 was designed to investigate differences in the traffic sign legibility distances of participants acting as drivers and passengers on a closed road circuit. This study was undertaken as participants were required to act as passengers and not drivers in open road experiments due to safety issues. Eighteen participants were divided into a young, middle-aged and older group. Sign legibility distances were determined for driver and passenger runs. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in the traffic sign legibility distances of participants acting as drivers or passengers. The results supported the use of participants as passengers in Study 3. Study 3 was undertaken on the open road to investigate the effect of age and ocular status on traffic sign detection under day and night-time conditions. Thirty-nine participants were divided into five groups: young, middle-aged and older groups with normal vision and two older groups with ocular disease (cataracts and age-related macular degeneration (ARMD)). Each participant undertook a series of vision assessments. On-road traffic sign recognition and legibility distances were also determined under high and low illumination conditions. Results showed that recognition and legibility distances were greater under high compared to low illumination. Although age was not significantly related to the traffic sign measures, there was a trend showing poorer performance with increasing age. The presence of ocular disease, however, did result in significantly reduced recognition and legibility distance performance, particularly for individuals with ARMD. Guide signs had the highest recognition and longest legibility distances of all sign categories while street signs showed the poorest recognition. The obtained traffic sign legibility distances were less than the predicted sign design distances used by road authorities for all of the participant groups except the young visually normal group. The greatest differences between the obtained and design distances were found among participants with ocular disease, especially those with ARMD. Of the vision measures investigated, high and low contrast static acuity, static visual fields and contrast sensitivity were the most highly correlated with sign detection. These four vision tests increased the prediction of sign recognition and legibility distances when compared to high contrast static visual acuity alone. This research has shown that the on-road measurement of traffic sign recognition and legibility distances can be successfully achieved through a simple measurement technique. Low illumination and the presence of ocular disease appear to be influential in traffic sign recognition and legibility distances. The project has highlighted that the traffic sign designs currently used on the road system do not take into account the range of visual abilities possessed by all drivers. Such information provides a basis for further research into the improvement of traffic sign design in order to provide a safer road environment for all segments of the driving population.

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Kim, Chang Kwon. "The role of the drug-effect contingency in the development of cross tolerence to anticonvulsant drug effects." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28249.

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It was recently demonstrated that tolerance develops to the anticonvulsant effect of ethanol on kindled convulsions elicited in rats by electrical stimulation of the amygdala, following each of a series of ethanol injections delivered on a bidaily schedule (once every 48 hr). The tolerance developed only when the convulsive stimulation was administered during the periods of ethanol exposure: subjects that received ethanol 1.5 hr before each convulsive stimulation demonstrated tolerance after just five ethanol injections; whereas, no tolerance was evident in subjects that received ethanol 1.5 hr after each stimulation. Such tolerance, which is not the inevitable product of drug exposure but is contingent upon the expression of the drug effect--the anticonvulsant effect in this case--has been termed contingent tolerance. In Experiment 1A, tolerance developed to the anticonvulsant effects of bidaily IP injections of phenobarbital (30 mg/kg), trimethadione (270 mg/kg) and clonazepam (0.40 or 0.35 mg/kg) delivered 1 hr before each convulsive stimulation. In Experiment IB, the rats tolerant to the anticonvulsant effects of phenobarbital, trimethadione, or clonazepam received bidaily injections of carbamazepine (35 mg/kg, IP), administered 1 hr before each stimulation. There was a statistically significant transfer of tolerance from phenobarbital to carbamazepine, but not from either trimethadione or clonazepam to carbamazepine. Thus, cross tolerance appears to be greatest between anticonvulsant drugs that are effective against a similar profile of clinical and experimental seizures and that have similar mechanisms of action. In Experiment 2A, tolerance developed to the anticonvulsant effect of bidaily pentobarbital (15 mg/kg, IP) injections only in those rats that received the drug 1 hr before the convulsive stimulation, but not in those rats that had received the drug 1 hr after each stimulation. Furthermore, those rats that had received the convulsive stimulations while under the influence of pentobarbital subsequently displayed a greater degree of cross tolerance to the anticonvulsant effect of ethanol (1.5 g/kg, IP) than those that had received the drug after each stimulation (contingent cross tolerance). Experiment 2B was the converse of Experiment 2A: contingent tolerance was demonstrated to ethanol and contingent cross tolerance to pentobarbital. This study provided the first unambiguous and bidirectional demonstration that the drug-effect contingency plays an important role in the development of cross tolerance. In Experiment 3, tolerance to the anticonvulsant effect of ethanol dissipated when bidaily pentobarbital (15 mg/kg, IP) injections were delivered 1 hr after each convulsive stimulation (contingent cross-dissipation of tolerance), but did not dissipate when it was delivered 1 hr before each stimulation. Thus, the drug-effect contingency was shown to be important in the dissipation of tolerance to one drug following the administration of another drug. In Experiment 4, different groups of rats received different doses of pentobarbital (10-50 mg/kg, IP) on a bidaily schedule 1 hr before the convulsive stimulation. Greater tolerance was found to the anticonvulsant effect of pentobarbital in rats that had received successively larger doses of the drug, none of which were large enough to suppress the convulsions, than those rats that were maintained on a high dose of the drug that completely suppressed the convulsions. The greater tolerance in the group that received successively greater doses was attributed to the fact that the convulsions were experienced in the drugged state. This study challenged the generally accepted view that tolerance develops more rapidly and to a greater extent with larger drug doses . This thesis provides the first unambiguous and systematic evidence of the role of the drug-effect contingency in the transfer of tolerance from one drug to another, and in the dissipation of tolerance to one drug following the administration of another. On the basis of the present experiments, several elaborations were proposed to the drug-effect theory of drug tolerance, which claims that tolerance develops to drug effects and not to drug exposure per se.
Arts, Faculty of
Psychology, Department of
Graduate

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44

Freedman, Zachary Sebastian. "Analyzing the effect of passing-lanes on rural two-lane highway operations." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/freedman/FreedmanZ1209.pdf.

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Two-lane highways make up 80% of roads in this country. Rural two-lane highways are unique in they are typically characterized by high-speeds and low volumes. Level-of-service is associated with the proportion of vehicles stuck in platoons, or the percentage of vehicles impeded by a slow-moving vehicle. The Highway Capacity Manual 2000 (HCM 2000) recommends determining the percentage of vehicles stuck in a platoon using a performance measure called Percent Time Spent Following (PTSF). Because PTSF is nearly impossible to measure in the field, the HCM has proposed two methods for estimating its value. However, there are inconsistencies between the two methods. This limitation has led researchers to seek more appropriate performance measures for two-lane highways. When performance on these highways deteriorates to the point of needing an upgrade, the addition of a passing-lane is considered. A passing-lane is an extra lane in one or both directions of travel. The current design standards for passing-lanes (length and frequency) are based on simulation research conducted more than 20 years ago. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze traffic stream characteristics within and around a passing-lane as to improve design standards. Three appropriate performance measures were used to analyze data from two passing-lane sites in Montana. The purpose of this analysis was to determine passing lane effective length. The results showed this value may be greater than 6.6 miles. Lane use within a passing-lane section was also investigated. Traffic counters were placed at pre-determined locations within a passing-lane and data were recorded. Analysis of the data showed that aggressive drivers in the left lane are able to drive at 10 miles-per-hour faster than they were traveling as they entered the three-lane section. Further analysis showed that nearly all passing maneuvers of slower vehicles were conducted in the first 1/2-mile of the passing-lane. This thesis found the most appropriate performance measures for investigating passing-lanes are Percent Followers, Percent Impeded, and Follower Density. Also, the required spacing of passing-lanes on a two-lane highway may be farther than the current standards recommend. Lastly, for the site investigated a 3/4-mile long passing-lane would have been adequate.

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Leggett, Ted. "Transnational trafficking and the rule of law in West Africa : a threat assessment /." Vienna : UNODC, 2009. http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/d86db66e.

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Cheng, Hiu-wan Keens, and 鄭曉韻. "The effect of polydrug abuse on neuropsychological functions." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37100981.

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Suggett, Jeffrey J. "The effect of precipitation on traffic safety in the city of Regina." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ39156.pdf.

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Barhydt, Richard. "Experimental studies of the effect of intent information on cockpit traffic displays." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/50311.

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Dassanayake, Waidyaratne Dassanayake Mudiyanselage Tharaka Lagath. "Effects of central nervous system depressant drug overdose on cognitive functions and driving." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/932260.

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Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Self-poisoning with pharmaceutical agents is very common across the world. Central nervous system depressant drugs (CNS-Ds) are among the most common substances taken in overdose in hospital-treated episodes of self-poisoning in Australia, the UK and the US. The majority of the patients with CNS-D overdose treated in hospitals in Australia and the UK are discharged within 24-48 hours of their admission, when they still could potentially have subclinical effects of those drugs. This thesis systematically reviews published evidence on the effects of CNS-Ds on cognitive functions (Chapter 2), automobile driving and traffic accidents (Chapter 3, Paper 1), and presents original research conducted to examine the effects of CNS-D overdose on cognitive functions underpinning daily activities (Chapter 5, Paper 2), surrogate bedside tests of driving skills (Chapter 6, Paper 3) and risk of traffic accidents (Chapter 7, Paper 4) of patients discharged from hospital following treatment. Comprehensive neuropsychological assessment shows that patients discharged after treatment for CNS-D overdose have significant residual impairments in multiple cognitive functions including visual attention and visuomotor skills, decision-making, and executive functions and working memory (Chapter 5). The impairments, as estimated by regression models, were equivalent to a ‘cognitive ageing’ of 10-20 years depending on the domain tested. Furthermore, executive dysfunction of the patients tends to worsen with increasing task demands. Converging evidence from the neuropsychological assessment and epidemiological approach indicates that CNS-D overdose has deleterious effects on driving. In particular, the performance of Trail-Making Test B, when interpreted with respect to its correlation with driving performance and traffic accident risk, suggests that nearly two-thirds of the patients with CNS-D overdose may be grossly impaired (equal or less than 10th percentile) at the time of discharge from hospital (Chapter 6, Paper 3). The epidemiological evidence (Chapter 7, Paper 4) shows that the traffic accident risk of these individuals increases by 3-4 times in the immediate post-discharge period, and remains nearly twice their baseline risk after one week following overdose. In the concluding chapter (Chapter 8), we examine the impact of these impairments on daily activities that the discharged patients are expected and likely to carryout during the post-discharge period, and discuss the clinical implications in post-discharge management of patients treated for CNS-D overdose.

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Kang, Song Y. "Global struggle against illicit drug traffic : a case study of Australia." Thesis, 1993. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/20291/1/whole_KangSongY1994_thesis.pdf.

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Illicit drug traffic is a serious problem in many countries because of its tremendous adverse social, economic and political impacts. Illicit drug traffic is international in nature. A drug illicitly produced in one country often ends up in another country, changing hands many times in different countries. This international nature of illicit drug traffic warrants effective and concerted international action to fight it. Since the harms of drug abuse and the problems of illicit drug traffic came to the attention of the international community in the early part of this century, efforts have been exerted to establish and improve an international legal framework to provide principles and guidelines for effective national and international action in the control of drugs and the fight against illicit drug traffic. Several multilateral drug treaties have been concluded to that end. Since these treaties are not self-executing, they must be fully implemented by national Governments to produce the desired effects. This study examines Australia's implementation of the multilateral drug treaties to which it is a Party. The focus will be placed on three aspects, which are: extradition of illicit drug related offenders; mutual legal assistance in the fight against the traffic; and other forms of international cooperation. Current trends in worldwide illicit drug traffic having impacts on Australia are also briefly discussed to indicate directions for Australia's future action in the fight against illicit drug traffic.

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