Academic literature on the topic 'EEPF'
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Journal articles on the topic "EEPF"
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TSAKADZE, E., K. OSTRIKOV, Z. TSAKADZE, N. JIANG, R. AHMAD, and S. XU. "CONTROL AND DIAGNOSTICS OF INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMAS FOR CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION ON NANOCOMPOSITE CARBON NITRIDE-BASED FILMS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 16, no. 06n07 (March 20, 2002): 1143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979202011019.
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Control and diagnostics of low-frequency (~ 500 kHz) inductively coupled plasmas for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of nano-composite carbon nitride-based films is reported. Relation between the discharge control parameters, plasma electron energy distribution/probability functions (EEDF/EEPF), and elemental composition in the deposited C-N based thin films is investigated. Langmuir probe technique is employed to monitor the plasma density and potential, effective electron temperature, and EEDFs/EEPFs in Ar + N2 + CH4 discharges. It is revealed that varying RF power and gas composition/pressure one can engineer the EEDFs/EEPFs to enhance the desired plasma-chemical gas-phase reactions thus controlling the film chemical structure. Auxiliary diagnostic tools for study of the RF power deposition, plasma composition, stability, and optical emission are discussed as well.
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Sekine, H., R. Minematsu, Y. Ataka, P. Ominetti, H. Koizumi, and K. Komurasaki. "Experimental characterization of non-Maxwellian electron energy distributions in a miniaturized microwave plasma neutralizer." Journal of Applied Physics 131, no. 9 (March 7, 2022): 093302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0069600.
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The electron energy probability function (EEPF) is experimentally identified in a miniature microwave discharge neutralizer over wide operating conditions. A tiny Langmuir probe coupled with the analog differentiation technique offers precise time-averaged EEPFs over about three orders of magnitude, including high-energy, low-density electrons. The non-Maxwellian, concave EEPFs are observed in all experimental conditions. They approach Maxwellian with higher gas pressure, where they deviate from Maxwellian with the absorbed microwave power. Analyzing the measured EEPFs by the generalized EEPF theory, the index that determines the shape of EEPFs (Maxwellian corresponds to 1) is found to be [Formula: see text]. The ionization frequency is estimated using the measured non-Maxwellian EEPFs, and it is found that one would underestimate the ionization frequency with the Maxwellian approximation about up to [Formula: see text]%, the value almost negatively correlating with the shape index. These results also suggest that the electron fluid model in microwave discharge neutralizers leads to the overestimation of the electron temperature and the Bohm velocity.
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Fingu-Mabola, Junior Corneille, Clément Martin, Thomas Bawin, François Jean Verheggen, and Frédéric Francis. "Does the Infectious Status of Aphids Influence Their Preference Towards Healthy, Virus-Infected and Endophytically Colonized Plants?" Insects 11, no. 7 (July 11, 2020): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11070435.
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Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) cause significant damage and transmit viruses to various crop plants. We aimed to evaluate how the infectious status of aphids influences their interaction with potential hosts. Two aphid (Myzus persicae and Rhopalosiphum padi) and plant (Nicotiana tabacum and Triticum aestivum) species were used. The preferences of aphids towards healthy, virus-infected (Potato Leafroll Virus (PLRV) and Barley Yellow Dwarf virus (BYDV)), and endophytic entomopathogenic fungi (EEPF)-inoculated (Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium acridum) plants were investigated in dual-choice tests. The headspace volatiles of the different plant modalities were also sampled and analyzed. Viruliferous and non-viruliferous aphids were more attracted to EEPF-inoculated plants compared to uninoculated plants. However, viruliferous aphids were more attracted to EEPF-inoculated plants compared to virus-infected plants, while non-viruliferous insects exhibited no preference. Fungal-inoculated plants released higher amounts of aldehydes (i.e., heptanal, octanal, nonanal and decanal) compared to other plants, which might explain why viruliferous and non-viruliferous aphids were more abundant in EEPF-inoculated plants. Our study provides an interesting research perspective on how EEPF are involved in behavior of virus vector, depending on the infectious status of the latter.
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Taufik, Dhia Farhan, Indri Safitri Mukono, and Nurmawati Fatimah. "Pengaruh Ekstrak Paederia foetida pada Kadar Kolesterol Total Tikus Model Hiperlipidemia yang Diinduksi Deksametason." Syntax Literate ; Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia 7, no. 1 (January 7, 2022): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/syntax-literate.v7i1.5681.
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Hiperlipidemia merupakan istilah yang mengacu pada kelainan yang menyebabkan peningkatan profil lipid dalam tubuh manusia. Menurut WHO, secara global, sepertiga penyakit jantung iskemik dikaitkan dengan kadar kolesterol yang tinggi. Peningkatan kadar kolesterol diperkirakan menyebabkan 94,9 juta disability adjusted life year (DALYs) dan 4,32 juta kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh ekstrak etanol Paederia foetida (EEPF) pada kadar kolesterol total tikus model hiperlipidemia yang diinduksi deksametason. Penelitian Penelitian eksperimen in vivo ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan desain penelitian post-test only complete randomized design (CRD). Proses penelitian dilaksanakan di Departemen Biokimia, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia, dari bulan Juni 2021 hingga November 2021. Pembuatan EEPF dilakukan dengan metode maserasi pada pelarut etanol 96%. Hewan coba yang digunakan adalah tikus galur Wistar albino jantan berjumlah 30 ekor, sehat, dan berat badan 150-200 gram. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan membagi rata hewan coba secara acak menjadi kelompok kontrol normal, kontrol patogen, kelompok simvastatin, kelompok EEPF 250 mg/kg, dan kelompok EEPF 500 mg/kg. Sampel darah diambil dari vena pada bagian ekor dan kadar kolesterol total diukur dengan metode point of care testing (POCT). Analisis data dilakukan dengan One-way ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji post hoc Dunnett. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pemberian deksametason (10 mg/kg) selama 14 hari menyebabkan peningkatan kadar kolesterol total yang signifikan, sedangkan pada kelompok perlakuan simvastatin, EEPF 250 mg/kg, dan EEPF 500 mg/kg terjadi penurunan signifikan pada kadar kolesterol total jika dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol patogenik (P<0,001, P<0,05, P<0,05). Pemberian ekstrak etanol Paederia foetida dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total pada tikus model hiperlipidemia yang diinduksi deksametason.
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Das, S., P. K. Bordoloi, P. Saikia, and L. Kanodia. "The analgesic and acute anti-inflammatory effect of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of Paederia foetida (EEPF) on experimental animal models." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 11, no. 3 (August 31, 2012): 206–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v11i3.11723.
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Objective:To study the analgesic and acute anti-inflammatory effect of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of Paederia foetida (EEPF) on experimental animal models. Materials and Methods: Fresh leaves were collected, air-dried, powdered, and percolated in 95% ethanol. Acute toxicity test was done according to OECD guidelines. Healthy albino rats (150-200 gm) of either sex were taken and divided into five groups with six animals in each group for central analgesic activity by tail flick method. Peripheral analgesic activity by 1% glacial acetic acid induced writhing test by taking albino mice (20-30 gm) of either sex which were divided into three groups with six animals in each. EEPF was used in a dose of 500 mg/kg bodyweight subcutaneously for tail-flick method and orally for writhing test. In tail-flick method the basal reaction time was taken and a cut-off period of 10 sec was observed. Reaction time were recorded at predrug, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes after administration of drug . The standard drug used for central analgesic activity was pethidine 5 mg/kg bw, naloxone 1mg/kg as antagonist and naloxone 1mg/kg bw with 500mg/kg bw of EEPF to study the central mechanism of action. The standard drug used for peripheral analgesic activity was aspirin 100mg/kg bw orally. A control group was maintained in all the models. For anti-inflammatory study, three groups of animals of either sex (n = 6), weighing 150-200g of the species Rattus norvegicus were taken for the study. Group A was taken as control (Normal salie, 10 mL/kg body weight), Group B as test group (EEPF 500 mg/kg body weight), and Group C as standard (Aspirin 100 mg/kg body weight). The animals were studied for acute inflammation by Carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. Statistical analysis was done by one-way analysis of variance followed by multiple comparison tests.Results: EEPF significantly increased the reaction time in tail-flick method (p<0.05) whereas the combination of naloxone and EEPF decreased the reaction time indicating that naloxone inhibits the analgesic effect of EEPF. In 1% glacial acetic acid induced writhing EEPF reduced writhing significantly In acute inflammation, there was significant inhibition of paw edema in Groups B, C in comparison with Group A (P < 0.05). Conclusion:The ethanolic extract of Paederia foetida has significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v11i3.11723 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 11 No. 03 July12
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Milosevic-Djordjevic, Olivera, Darko Grujicic, Marina Radovic, Nenad Vukovic, Jovana Zizic, and Snezana Markovic. "In vitro chemoprotective and anticancer activities of propolis in human lymphocytes and breast cancer cells." Archives of Biological Sciences 67, no. 2 (2015): 571–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs141013019m.
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Propolis has been used in folk medicine for centuries due to its healing properties. Ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) are rich sources of phenolic acid and flavonoids. Natural phenolic compounds may exert chemoprotective activity in cancer cells due to their ability to scavenge free radicals. The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the genotoxic and anti-mutagenic effects of the EEP on human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and their cytotoxic potential on the human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231 cells). Both cell cultures were treated with six concentrations (1, 10, 50, 100, 250 and 500 ?g/ml) of EEP1 and EEP2, separately and in combination with mitomycin C (MMC). Our results show that the EEP1 and EEP2 samples of propolis after separate and combined treatments with MMC did not influence the nuclear division index (NDI). In the combined treatment, both tested EEPs significantly reduced MMC-induced micronuclei (MN) in PBLs. At 48 h after exposure of the MDA-MB-231 cell line to a combined treatment of EEP samples with MMC, the IC50 values were significantly reduced (23.79 and 19.13 ?g/ml, for EEP1+MMC and EEP2+MMC, respectively, in comparison to the single treatment. In conclusion, the tested ethanolic extracts of propolis exhibited a certain level of in vitro antimutagenic activity in PBLs from healthy subjects, and anticancer activity in breast cancer cell line. The presented findings suggest that the ethanolic extracts of propolis show potential in anticancer therapeutic strategy.
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Furukawa, T., Y. Yarita, H. Aoyagi, and H. Nishida. "Measurement of plasma flow and electron energy probability function in radio frequency plasma thruster with a magnetic cusp." Journal of Applied Physics 131, no. 17 (May 7, 2022): 173302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0071606.
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The use of a cusp magnetic field is studied to improve the thrust performance of small electrodeless radio frequency (RF) plasma thrusters based on a theoretical analysis of a magnetized inductively coupled plasma. In this type of thruster, electrons play a critical role in determining the thrust performance. The electron energy probability function (EEPF) and two-dimensional profiles of the plasma parameters in the cusp-type magnetic field RF thruster are investigated to characterize the plasma flow. Non-Maxwellian EEPFs were obtained, which correspond to the pressure and plasma potential profiles in the plasma plume. In addition, the axial ion velocity was measured, and the presence of ion flux in the downstream direction is revealed, indicating ideal ion acceleration.
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Seol, Youbin, Hong Young Chang, Seung Kyu Ahn, and Shin Jae You. "Study on characteristics of electron parameters on inert gas addition in a capacitively coupled SF6/O2 plasma." AIP Advances 12, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): 125117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0127857.
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In this paper, characteristics of electron parameters of SF6/O2 and inert gas mixture in a capacitively coupled plasma were studied. Here, gases such as He, Ar, and Xe were added to SF6/O2 mixture and electron energy probability functions (EEPFs) were measured. The electron parameters were acquired, which agreed well with EEPF behaviors. Normally, the inert gas functioned as an electron source and the electron density tended to increase. When the inert gas ratio exceeded other gases, the effect of the mixture varied on each gas. He showed its unique behaviors with the increase in electron temperature. Ar and Xe showed consistent behaviors with increasing electron density and decreasing electron temperature as the inert gas proportion increases. Different behaviors of the electron parameters in inert gases can be explained by the complex contribution of electron attachment of SF6 and the ionization rate of each inert gas.
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Yang, Wei, Fei Gao, and You-Nian Wang. "Effects of chamber size on electron bounce-resonance heating and power deposition profile in a finite inductive discharge." Physics of Plasmas 29, no. 6 (June 2022): 063503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0090806.
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Effects of chamber size on electron bounce-resonance heating (BRH) and power deposition profile are numerically studied in a finite inductive Ar discharge under a low-pressure range of 0.3–3 Pa. The BRH characterized by a plateau formation in the electron energy probability function (EEPF) exists only at the small chamber radius and relatively low pressure and is enhanced at a larger chamber height. It is attributed to a remarkable increase in the energy diffusion coefficient caused by electron heating at the first bounce resonance condition. As increasing chamber radius and pressure, the enhancement in the energy diffusion coefficient caused by electron–electron collisions tends to Maxwellianize the EEPF, thus resulting in weakness and even disappearance of the BRH. For relatively low pressure, the number of positive and negative power deposition regions increases with increasing chamber radius, and there is no region of negative power deposition at the small chamber radius where the skin depth becomes closer to the chamber radius.
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Tika, Lodyta Nawang, Layung Sekar Sih Wikanthi, Shofa Annur, and Retno Murwanti. "Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) Inhibits Migration and Metastasis on 4T1 Breast Cancer Cells." Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention 7, no. 3 (February 1, 2017): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14499/indonesianjcanchemoprev7iss3pp99-103.
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Metastasis is the main cause of death among brast cancer patient. Pleorotus ostreatus is known as anticancer agent that inhibits angiogenesis. Ethanolic extract of Pleorotus ostreatus (EEP) which contains lovastatin is predicted to inhibit metastatic cancer through inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9. The aim of this study was to determined antiproliferative and anti metastatic activity of EEPw (Ethanolic extract of wet Pleorotus ostreatus) and EEPd (Ethanolic extract of dried Pleorotus ostreatus ) in 4T1 metastatic breast cancer cells line. Qualitative analysis of lovastatin was determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC) using dicloromethan and etil acetat as mobile phase and lovastatin standard. Scratch wound healing assay was used to determine migration inhition ability of EEP while MMP-9 and MMP-2 activity were analysed by gelatine zymography. Molecular docking was performed to know the interaction between lovastatin and MMP-2 & MMP-9. The result showed that EEPw and EEPd contain lovastatin which were proved by spray reaction with anisaldehid. Each of EEPw and EPPd had cytotoxic activity with IC50 760 and 400 μg/mL respectively. Both of them inhibited closure for about 50 % on 4T1 metastatic breast cancer cells line compared to control. Either EEPw or EEPd decreased MMP-9 expression level compared to control. Lovastatin had higher affinity to bond with either MMP-2 or MMP-9 than native ligand. Overall, EEP could be developed as anticancer agent which was targeted on MMP-2 and MMP-9.Keywords : Pleurotus ostreatus, 4T1 metastatic cells, MMP-2, MMP-2, antimetastatic
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "EEPF"
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Brasil, Valeria Santos. "O trabalho com grupo de adolescentes no contexto ambulatorial: A construção de um espaço de circulação, acolhimento e elaboração da palavra do adolescente." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/EEFF-8CSMYA.
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The study entitled: Working with a group of adolescents in an ambulatory context: constructing a space of circulation, receptiveness and elaboration of adolescents word constituted a work that aimed to research the adolescence and this modality of care. It was observed that adolescence has become a focal area of investment for health and education professionals, since it is necessary to develop support andtreatment strategies enabling young people to find spaces of clinical support and social recognition. The group that was the object of this study was formed in the context of the ongoing visits to the Setor de Saúde do Adolescente of the Hospital das Clínicas/UFMG. The theoretical foundation that guided this research was linked to the psychoanalytic field. The group consisted of 10 adolescents of both genders, aged between 14 and 17 years old, regardless of the clinical diagnosis. A total of 25 weekly encounters were performed. The themes discussed by the group were spontaneously chosen, the most noteworthy being family relations, affective and social relationships, and professional future. The group guidance allowed these themes to be further developed, encouraging the construction of a space of circulation, receptiveness and elaboration of adolescents word. It was thus observed the effectiveness of the work with the group of adolescents as a facilitator of new connections, catalyzing the construction of further social linksEste estudo intitulado: O trabalho com grupo de adolescentes no contexto ambulatorial: a construção de um espaço de circulação, acolhimento e elaboração da palavra do adolescente consistiu em um trabalho que teve o propósito de pesquisar a adolescência e essa modalidade de atendimento. Verificou-se que a adolescência tem se tornado um foco de investimento dos profissionais das áreas dasaúde e da educação, uma vez que é necessário criar estratégias de suporte e de tratamento para que os jovens encontrem espaços de apoio clínico e de reconhecimento social. O grupo que se constituiu em objeto deste estudo surgiu no contexto dos atendimentos já existentes do Setor de Saúde do Adolescente, que está vinculado ao Hospital das Clínicas/UFMG. A fundamentação teórica que norteou esta pesquisa teve sua vinculação ao campo psicanalítico. O grupo foi composto por 10 adolescentes, de ambos os sexos, com idades variando entre 14 a17 anos, independentemente de um diagnóstico clínico. Foram realizados 25 encontros no total, acontecidos com uma periodicidade semanal. As temáticas abordadas no grupo surgiram espontaneamente, com destaque para as relações familiares, os relacionamentos afetivos e sociais e o futuro profissional. A conduçãodo grupo possibilitou um desdobramento desses temas, incentivando a construção de um espaço de circulação, acolhimento e elaboração da palavra do adolescente. Foi constatada, então, a efetividade do trabalho com grupo de adolescentes, enquanto uma perspectiva de enlaçamento que não se pretendeu fechada, uma vez que impulsionou a abertura para a construção de novos laços sociais
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Machado, Sandra Carvalho. "Resposta neuromuscular a protocolos de treinamento com número máximo de repetições e diferentes durações das ações musculares." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/EEFF-874QCE.
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The training protocols designed to improve muscle strength may be prescribed with maximum number of repetitions (MNR) per set aiming to increase the number of motor units activated. However, some studies have shown that other training variables may influence the MNR and electromyographic activity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the maximum number of repetitions and the electromyographic signal amplitude among sets and between training protocols with different durations of muscle actions and the same duration of repetition. Nineteen male volunteers with at least six months in strength training took part in this study. In the experimental sessions 1 and 2 subjects performed tests of one repetition maximum (1RM) in the Smith machine bench press. In the experimental sessions 3 and 4, two training protocols were performed in the Smith machine bench press, characterized by three sets of the maximal number of repetitions at 60% of one repetition maximum (1RM) and three minutes of rest interval among sets. One of the protocols was performed using concentric muscle actions of 2s and eccentric muscle actions of 4s (2-4 protocol) and the other one with concentric muscle actions of 4s and eccentric muscle actions of 2s (4-2 protocol). The protocols were randomly and balanced assigned over the experimental sessions. The electromyographic signal amplitude of each repetition to the muscles pectoralis major and triceps was quantified by the integral of the normalized electromyographic signal (iEMGN) obtained by the average of repetitions performed in each set of the training protocols. Subjects performed fewer repetitions in 4-2 protocol than in 2-4 protocol. The pectoralis major showed higher iEMGN in 4-2 protocol and triceps showed no difference between the protocols. In both protocols, there was a reduction in the number of repetitions and increased iEMGN along sets. The present study showed that greater muscle activation can be obtained even when a smaller number of repetitions are performed. In addition, the two studied muscles showed different behaviors in response to the same training protocols.Os protocolos de treinamento para o aumento da força muscular podem ser prescritos com número máximo de repetições (NMR) por série visando aumentar o número de unidades motoras ativadas. Entretanto, estudos têm mostrado que outras variáveis do treinamento podem interferir tanto no NMR quanto na atividade eletromiográfica. Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o número máximo de repetições e a amplitude do sinal eletromiográfico entre séries e entre os protocolos de treinamento com diferentes durações das ações musculares e mesma duração da repetição. Participaram deste estudo dezenove voluntários do sexo masculino que praticavam musculação continuamente há pelo menos seis meses. Nas sessões de coleta 1 e 2 os indivíduos realizaram testes de uma repetição máxima (1RM) no exercício supino guiado. Nas sessões 3 e 4, foram executados dois protocolos de treinamento no supino guiado constituídos de três séries com NMR a 60% de 1RM e pausa de três minutos entre as séries. Um dos protocolos foi realizado com ações musculares concêntricas de 2s e excêntricas de 4s (protocolo 2-4) e o outro com ações musculares concêntricas de 4s e excêntricas de 2s (protocolo 4-2). A ordem de realização dos protocolos foi determinada de forma aleatória e balanceada. A amplitude do sinal eletromiográfico de cada repetição para os músculos peitoral maior e tríceps braquial foi quantificada pela integral do sinal eletromiográfico normalizada (iEMGN) obtida pela média das repetições realizadas em cada série dos protocolos de treinamento. No protocolo 4-2 foi possível realizar um menor número de repetições que no protocolo 2-4. O peitoral maior apresentou maior iEMGN no protocolo 4-2 e o tríceps braquial não apresentou diferença entre os protocolos. Em ambos os protocolos, houve redução no número de repetições realizadas ao longo das séries e aumento da iEMGN. O presente estudo mostrou que uma maior ativação muscular pode ser obtida mesmo quando um menor número de repetições é realizado. Além disso, os dois músculos estudados apresentaram diferentes comportamentos em resposta à execução dos mesmos protocolos de treinamento.
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Fonseca, Fabiano de Souza. "Os efeitos do nível de estabilização do desempenho na adaptação a perturbaçoes perceptivas imprevisíveis." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/EEFF-822VLK.
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The purpose this study was to investigate the effects of the levels of performance stabilization in the adaptation to unpredictable perceptive perturbations. Fifty one volunteers were randomly distributed in three groups: Control group (GC), Stabilization Group (GE) and Super Stabilization Group (GS). The experiment was conducted in two phases, named pre-exposure and exposure. In the pre-exposure phase, GE and GS practiced a pre-determined sequence of five sensors touches in
order of touching the last sensor in accordance to the visual stimulus arrival that moved to a constant speed and total displacement time of 2250ms. The experimental groups were differentiated by the performance stabilization level, determined from performance criteria. GE practiced the task until perform three trials in a row with absolute error less than or equal to 25ms, and GS has practiced the task until perform six blocks of three trials in a row with absolute error less than or equal to 25ms. When the first phase of the experiment got over, the exposure phase started,
in which the three groups were submitted to 18 unpredicted perceptual perturbations, which consisted of speed combinations of the visual stimuli during displacement. The first speed had the initial portion with lower stimuli speed and higher speed in the final portion; the second speed had the initial portion with higher stimuli speed and lower speed in the final portion; however, the total time of stimuli displacement keep
on the same as in the pre-exposure phase (2250ms). The unpredictability of the perturbations was guaranteed by the manipulation of the perturbation insertion moment, as well as by the randomness of the perturbation. The results showed that that: a) the level of performance stabilization influences the adaptation to unpredictable perceptive perturbations; b) the performance stabilization and super stabilization provides better adaptation to unpredictable perceptive perturbations
when compared to the absence of previous practice; c) performance super stabilization provides better adaptation to unpredictable perceptive perturbations than performance stabilization; d) unpredictable perceptual perturbations with lower - higher visual stimuli speed combination are harder to be overcome than unpredictable perceptual perturbations with higher lower visual stimuli speed combinations. Keywords: stabilization level, adaptation, unpredictable perturbations, motor learning.O propósito deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos do nível de estabilização do desempenho na adaptação a perturbações perceptivas imprevisíveis. Cinquenta e um voluntários foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em três grupos: grupo controle (GC), grupo estabilização (GE) e grupo superestabilização. O experimento foi conduzido em duas fases, denominadas de pré-exposição e exposição. Na fase de pré-exposição, somente o GE e GS praticaram uma sequencia pré-determinada de toques em cinco sensores de forma a coincidir o toque no último sensor com a chegada de um estímulo visual que deslocava com velocidade constante e tempo total de 2250ms. Os grupos experimentais foram diferenciados pelo nível de estabilização do desempenho, determinados a partir de critérios de desempenho. O GE praticou a tarefa até realizar três tentativas consecutivas com erro absoluto menor ou igual a 25ms, e o GS praticou a tarefa até executar seis blocos de três tentativas consecutivas com erro absoluto menor ou igual a 25ms. Logo após o término da primeira fase iniciou a fase de exposição, na qual os três grupos foram submetidos a dezoito perturbações perceptivas imprevisíveis, que consistiram em duas combinações de velocidade do estímulo visual durante o deslocamento. A primeira teve parte inicial com velocidade do estímulo menor e parte final maior; a segunda teve parte inicial com velocidade do estímulo maior e parte final menor, mas com tempo total de deslocamento do estímulo sendo o mesmo da fase de préexposição (2250 ms). A imprevisibilidade das perturbações foi garantida pela manipulação do momento de inserção da perturbação e aleatoriedade das perturbações. Os resultados mostraram que: a) o nível de estabilização do desempenho influencia a adaptação a perturbações perceptivas imprevisíveis; b) a estabilização e superestabilização do desempenho propiciam melhor adaptação diante de perturbações perceptivas imprevisíveis em comparação à ausência de prática prévia; c) a superestabilização do desempenho proporciona melhor adaptação às perturbações perceptivas imprevisíveis em relação à estabilização do desempenho; d) perturbações perceptivas com combinação da velocidade do estímulo visual menor e maior, manipuladas de forma imprevisível, são mais difíceis de serem superadas que perturbações perceptivas com combinação da velocidade do estímulo visual maior e menor. Palavras-chave: nível de estabilização, adaptação, perturbação imprevisível, aprendizagem motora.
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Wanner, Samuel Penna. "O exercício físico induz ajustes termorregulatórios e cardiovasculares que são mediados pela neurotransmissão colinérgica dos núcleos ventromediais hipotalâmicos." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/EEFF-6ZVLXX.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the participation of cholinergic muscarinic receptors in the ventromedial hypothalamic nuclei (VMH) on heat balance, cardiovascular adjustments and central fatigue during treadmill exercise (24 m.min1, 5% inclination). Rats were submitted to two experimental situations separated by an interval of at least two days. Tail skin temperature, core body temperature (Tb) and arterial pressure were measured after the injection of 200 _L of 2,5 x 102 M ethylatropine (Atr) or 0.15 M NaCl solution (Sal) into the VMH. Atr injection into the VMH amplified the exercise-induced increase in Tb and resulted in a delay in the rise of skin temperature. The increased heat storage needed to trigger the heat loss mechanisms observed in VMH Atr-treated rats may be esponsible for the 37% decrease in the performance of these animals (21.0 ± 2.9 min Atr vs. 33.5 ± 3.4 min Sal; n = 8; p _ 0.001). Cholinergic blockade of VMH has also acelerated the blood pressure adjustments (mean arterial pressure maximal value: 132.6 ± 3.9 mmHg at 3 min Atr vs. 125.2±4.1 mmHg at 9 min Sal; n = 7), which were related to the percentage of total exercise time. We conclude that cholinergic muscarinic receptors in the VMH modulate sympathetic activation and facilitate heat loss during exercise. Furthermore, these adjustments induced by intra-ventromedial cholinergic eurotransmission determine exercise time until fatigue.O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a participação dos receptores colinergicos muscarínicos dos núcleos ventromediais hipotalâmicos (VMH) na dissipação de calor, nos ajustes cardiovasculares e na fadiga durante o exercício em esteira rolante (24 m.min 1, 5% inclinação). Os ratos foram submetidos a duas condições experimentais separadas por um intervalo de pelo menos dois dias. A temperatura da pele da cauda, a temperatura interna e a pressão arterial foram medidas após a injeção de 200 _L de solução de metilatropina 2,5 x 10 2 M (Atr) ou NaCl 0,15 M (Sal) nos VMH. A injeção de Atr nos VMH amplificou os aumentos da temperatura interna induzidos pelo exercício e causou um atraso do aumento da temperatura da cauda. O maior acúmulo de calor necessário para desencadear os mecanismos de dissipação de calor observado nos ratos injetados com Atr nos VMH pode ter sido responsável pela redução de 37% no desempenho dos animais (21, 0 ± 2, 9 min Atr vs. 33, 5 ± 3, 4 min Sal; n = 8; p _ 0,001). O bloqueio colinérgico dos VMH também antecipou os ajustes da pressão arterial (valor máximo da pressão arterial média: 132, 6 ± 3, 9 mmHg aos 3 min Atr vs. 125, 2 ± 4, 1 mmHg aos 9 min Sal; n = 7), os quais foram relacionados ao percentual do tempo total de exercício. Nós concluímos que os receptores colinérgicos muscarínicos nos VMH modulam a atividade simpática e a dissipação de calor durante o exercício físico. Além disso, os ajustes induzidos pela neurotransmissão colinérgica intra-ventromedial podem determinar o tempo de exercício at´e a fadiga.
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Melo, Eliney Silva. "Utilização do consumo máximo de oxigênio e do limiar de lactato como preditores do desempenho de corredores amadores em corridas de 5km e meia maratona." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/EEFF-873P9G.
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This study investigated the use of maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) and lactate threshold (LT) identified by the method of individual anaerobic threshold (IAT) as predictors of 5 km and 21.1 km (half marathon) race performance. Twelve men, amateur runners, volunteered to take part in the study. VO2max was determined using an incremental protocol on a treadmill and the LT was determined using the IAT method adapted to running track. All subjects participated in two official races, one of 5 km and 21.1km (half marathon), and the average running speed was calculated. We found a high correlation (r = 0.81, p = 0.001) between LT and the average speed of 5 km, and a moderate correlation between LT and the half marathon (r = 0.57, p = 0.054). The correlations between VO2max and average speeds of 5km and half marathon were, respectively, (r = 0.45, p = 0.143 and r = 0.32, p = 0.319). The results suggests that the LT is a good predictor of amateur runners 5km performance but not of half marathon performance, and that the VO2max was unable to predict the performance of amateur runners in 5km and half marathon eventsO presente estudo investigou a utilização do consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2máx ) e o Limiar de lactato (LL) através do método de identificação IAT como preditores fisiológicos do desempenho em corredores amadores nas distâncias de 5 e 21.1 km (meia maratona). Doze corredores amadores foram avaliados para determinação do VO2máx, através de protocolo incremental em esteira e do LL, através do método IAT adaptado para pista de atletismo. Para determinação da velocidade média de prova, foram utilizadas duas provas oficiais de corrida de rua, nas distâncias de 5 km e 21.1 km (meia maratona). Foi encontrada uma alta correlação (r= 0,81; p=0,001) entre o LL e a velocidade média na distância de 5 km, e uma moderada correlação entre o LL e a meia maratona( r=0,57; p=0,054). As correlações encontradas entre o VO2máx e as velocidades médias de 5 km e meia maratona foram respectivamente, (r= 0,45; p=0,143 e r= 0,32; p=0,319). Baseado nos resultados apresentados, o estudo sugere que o LL é um bom preditor de desempenho de corredores amadores apenas na distância de 5 km, e que a utilização do VO2máx não se mostra capaz em predizer o desempenho de corredores amadores em provas com distância de 5 km e de meia maratona
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Lopes, Daniella Cristine Fialho. "Desenvolvimento de bebida láctea adicionada de ácido linoléico conjugado e ensaio clínico em mulheres obesas." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/EEFF-873NDH.
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DEVELOPMENT OF A MILK DRINK ADDED OF CONJUGATED LINOLEIC ACID AND CLINICAL TRIAL IN OBESE WOMEN. The objective of this study research consisted in developing a chocolate flavored milk drink added of conjugated linoleic acid - CLA (BECLA) and to evaluate its effect in the dietary supplementation of obese women. The present work was approved by the Ethical Committee for Human Research of the Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG (Protocol No. 400/05, enclosed) and it was partially funded by the Research Foundation of Minas Gerais - FAPEMIG (Edital Universal 2006 466/06). Initially, aiming to choose a food that would be developed in this work, a survey was carried out on the estimates of CLA consumption in Brazil using food sources such as cow milk and its by-products (cheese, yoghurt, milk cream, condensed milk and butter), as well a beef. Data records on the Survey of Family Budgets (2002-2003) of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) were used. Those records showed an estimated CLA consumption of 637.9 mg. g-1 of fat, considering the above mentioned food sources. Based on this survey, we to undertake a laboratory procedure to develop a chocolate flavored milk drink added of CLA. Experiments were conducted in search of a better way to incorporate CLA, in its oily form, to the milk beverage, in order to minimize phase separation of the emulsion. The type of equipment (domestic blender and ultraturrax) and the blending time (1, 3 and 5 min) were tested. The domestic blender with speed 1 (11,500 rpm) for 3 min was more efficient than ultraturrax (11,000 rpm) for 5 min giving rise to a more stable mixture, evaluated by visual inspection and optical microscopy. Moreover this method allowed to verify that the fat drop size varied from 2.28 m to 12.23 m. A sensorial analysis test was used to determine the amount of CLA to be added to the milk drink in order to avoid any interference on the acceptance of the product. Three sensorial tests were applied. First, the triangular test was employed to verify the existence of sensorial difference between samples added of CLA and Canola oil (BECAN). This last beverage was developed to be used in the placebo group of the clinical experiment. Afterwards, the affective test was applied to evaluate the acceptance of BECLA and BECAN. At last, this same test was used in two chocolate flavored milk drinks added of CLA, one with 1.25% (BECLA 1.25%) and other with 2.5% (BECLA 2.5%). In the triangular test, 60% of the population were able to distinguish the taste of CLA showing that its incorporation should 22 be done with caution. In the acceptance test, the milk drink added of canola oil was preferred to the one with CLA. BECLA 1.25% was preferred to BECLA 2.5%. Continuing the study and based on the data obtained in the laboratory procedure, the two beverages were scaled up. At that stage, a study was carried out involving the evaluation of the chemical characteristics by the determination of moisture, ashes, proteins, lipids and the calculation of the amount of carbohydrates and caloric value. The stability of both milk drinks was evaluated by the measurement of pH and the oxidative stability using the TBARS method, as well as their final acceptance. The results of the chemical composition and the sensorial analysis had been confronted with the ones of a commercial drink. The energy value and the protein amount were higher in BECAN, followed by BECLA and the commercial product. This latter showed the least amount of lipids in relation to other drinks, and BECLA was the one that showed the highest value of this nutrient. The carbohydrate content was similar in BECLA and in the commercial drink and smaller in BECAN. The drinks developed in this study had the same value of ashes and moisture and, in relation with these beverages, the commercial product showed the smallest content of the first nutrient and highest of the second. No significant difference was found between the pH and TBARS values for BECLA and BECAN which indicates that the addition of CLA or canola oil showed no influence on the product stability during the period of study. The acceptance of BECLA and BECAN was similar and better than that of the commercial drink. After the production and analysis of the milk drinks the clinical experiment was started. Before the supplementation, three methods were applied for the evaluation of corporal composition of the population selected for the experiment. Thus, body fat percentages (%GC) of obese women obtained by anthropometry, bioimpedance (BIA) and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) were compared. The evaluation of body fat by DEXA, skinfold thickness (DC) and BIA showed averages of 44.1%, 39.8% and 34.3%, respectively, and were statistically different, with DEXA presenting the highest sensitivity, followed by DC and BIA. The clinical trial was randomized, double blind, with controlled placebo, and 28 volunteers ingested a daily amount of 400 mL of a milk drink added of 4 g of CLA (mixture of cis9, trans11CLA and trans10, cis12CLA) or placebo (canola oil) during 16 weeks. DEXA was used to evaluate the body composition at the beginning and the end of the experiment. Energy intake (EI) and the resting metabolic rate (RMR) were estimated at this same interval. The biochemical parameters that were evaluated consisted of fasting glicose, total cholesterol and its fractions, triglicerides, transaminases and reactive C protein which were measured in the months 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4. No significant change in the body composition, 23 EI and RMR was observed after the dietary supplementation of CLA added to the chocolate flavored milk drink. Furthermore, no significant modification was observed in the biochemical parameters, and no adverse effect was reported, indicating that the consumption of this fatty acid is not harmfull to health when consumed under the conditions described here.O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em desenvolver uma bebida láctea sabor chocolate, adicionada de ácido linoléico conjugado - CLA (BECLA) e avaliar o seu efeito na suplementação de dietas de mulheres obesas. Este trabalho foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da UFMG (Parecer nº ETIC 400/05, em anexo) e recebeu recurso da FAPEMIG (Edital Universal 2006 466/06). Inicialmente, visando escolher o alimento a ser desenvolvido no presente trabalho, foi realizado um estudo sobre a estimativa do consumo de CLA no Brasil, usando como alimentos-fontes o leite de vaca e seus derivados (queijo, iogurte, creme de leite, leite condensado e manteiga), além da carne de gado bovino. Foram utilizados os dados obtidos pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, por meio da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (2002-2003). Verificou-se que o consumo estimado de CLA no Brasil é de 637,9 mg.g-¹ de gordura, considerando os alimentos citados acima. Após este levantamento, decidiu-se por desenvolver uma bebida láctea sabor chocolate, adicionada de CLA. Sendo assim, partiu-se para a etapa laboratorial. Primeiro, foram feitos os experimentos para se encontrar a melhor forma de incorporar o CLA, na forma oleosa, à bebida láctea, minimizando a separação das fases da emulsão. Foram testados o tipo de equipamento (liquidificador doméstico e ultraturrax) e o tempo de agitação da mistura (1, 3 e 5 min). O uso do liquidificador doméstico (velocidade 1, 11.500 rpm, por 3 min) foi mais eficiente que o ultraturrax (11.000 rpm, por 5 min), levando a uma bebida mais estável, avaliada por inspeção visual e por microscopia ótica. Por este método, ainda foi possível verificar que o tamanho das gotículas de gordura variou de 2,28 m a 11,80 m. Em seguida, ainda no laboratório, utilizou-se a análise sensorial como ferramenta para determinar a quantidade de CLA a ser adicionada à bebida láctea sabor chocolate, evitando que este procedimento não interferisse na aceitação do produto. Para isto, aplicaram-se três testes sensoriais. Primeiro, empregou-se o teste triangular para verificar a existência de diferença sensorial entre as amostras adicionadas de CLA ou óleo de canola (BECAN). Esta última bebida foi desenvolvida para ser usada no grupo placebo do experimento clínico. Depois, o teste afetivo foi aplicado para avaliar a aceitação da BECLA e BECAN. Por último, este mesmo teste foi usado em duas bebidas lácteas sabor chocolate, adicionadas de CLA, sendo uma com 1,25% (BECLA 1,25%) e outra com 2,5% (BECLA 2,5%). No teste triangular, uma parcela de 60% da população conseguiu 19 diferenciar o sabor do CLA, indicando que a incorporação desta substância neste alimento deve ser feita com cautela. No teste de aceitação, a bebida láctea adicionada de óleo de canola foi preferida àquela contendo CLA. A BECLA 1,25% foi preferida em relação à BECLA 2,5%. Dando prosseguimento a este estudo e tendo como base os dados obtidos no desenvolvimento laboratorial da BECLA e da BECAN, estas bebidas foram produzidas em larga escala. Nesta etapa, foi realizado o estudo das suas características químicas, pela determinação da umidade, cinzas, proteínas, lipídeos, além do cálculo do teor de carboidratos e do valor calórico. Avaliou-se, igualmente, a estabilidade das bebidas pelas medidas do pH e da estabilidade oxidativa pelo método de TBARS e, ainda, a sua aceitação final. Os resultados da composição química e da análise sensorial foram confrontados com os de uma bebida comercial. O valor energético e o teor de proteínas foram maiores na BECAN, seguido da BECLA e do produto comercial. Este apresentou a menor quantidade de lipídeos em relação às outras bebidas, sendo que a BECLA foi a que obteve o maior valor deste nutriente. Já, o teor de carboidratos foi similar na BECLA e na bebida comercial e menor na BECAN. As bebidas desenvolvidas neste trabalho obtiveram os mesmos valores de cinzas e umidade e, em relação às estas bebidas, o produto comercial apresentou os menores conteúdos do primeiro nutriente e os maiores do segundo. Não foi encontrada diferença estatística entre os valores de pH e de TBARS para a BECLA e BECAN, indicando que a adição de CLA ou óleo de canola não alterou a estabilidade do produto, durante o período do estudo. A aceitação da BECLA e da BECAN foi semelhante, e maior que a da bebida comercial. Após a produção e análise das bebidas lácteas, iniciou-se o experimento clínico. Antes da suplementação, 3 métodos de avaliação da composição corporal foram aplicados na população selecionada para a pesquisa clínica. Desta forma, os percentuais de gordura corporal (%GC), de mulheres obesas, obtidos por antropometria, bioimpedância (BIA) e absortometria radiológica de dupla energia (DEXA) foram comparados. A avaliação da gordura corporal por DEXA, dobras cutâneas (DC) e BIA apresentaram médias de 44,1%, 39,8% e 34,3%, respectivamente, e foram estatisticamente diferentes, sendo que a DEXA apresentou a maior sensibilidade, seguida das DC e BIA. O ensaio clínico foi randomizado, duplo velado e com placebo controlado, quando vinte e oito voluntárias ingeriram 400 mL de uma bebida láctea adicionada de 4 g de CLA por dia (mistura de cis9, trans11 CLA e trans10, cis12 CLA), ou placebo (óleo de canola), durante 16 semanas. A DEXA foi usada para avaliar a composição corporal no início e ao final da pesquisa e, neste mesmo intervalo, foram mensurados a ingestão alimentar (IA) e a taxa de metabolismo de repouso (TMR). Os 20 parâmetros bioquímicos avaliados foram a glicose de jejum, o colesterol total e suas frações, os triglicerídeos, as transaminases e a proteína C reativa, que foram medidos nos meses 0, 1, 2, 3 e 4. A suplementação dietética de CLA, adicionado a uma bebida láctea sabor chocolate, não originou mudança significativa na composição corporal, na IA e na TMR das voluntárias. Ainda, não foi observada alteração significativa nos parâmetros bioquímicos avaliados, bem como não foi relatado qualquer efeito adverso, indicando que o consumo deste ácido graxo não é prejudicial à saúde, quando consumido nas condições aqui testadas.
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Ribeiro, Rafael Soncin. "Análise de parâmetros de força na dinamometria de nado atado e semiatado." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/EEFF-87HH2M.
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The propulsive force of swimming and technique are key factors in the performance of swimmer. The more specific methods to evaluate the propulsive force dynamometry are fully tethered swimming and partially tethered swimming. The regression models known to evaluate the dynamometry of the fully tethered swimming (R1) and partially tethered swimming (R2) consider only the mean force produced in each test. The purpose of the study was to propose a regression model for each dynamometer test, considering the force variation around the average for the fully tethered swimming (R3) and the pre-established velocity of the partially tethered swimming (R4). Twelve swimmers (21.8 ± 4.4 years, 1.77 ± 0.07 meters, 70.6 ± 5.4kg, 26.3 ± 1.9s as the best time in the 50 meters free swimming) with more than five years of experience in this sport performed in a random order the free swimming, dynamometry of the fully tethered swimming and of the partially tethered swimming. The results for R1 and R3 presented similar values for the r2 (0.7436 and 0.7539, respectively), however, in R1 the intercept was significant different from zero. This suggests that the oscillation parameter comprised part of the mean velocity that was previously considered as an independent term of the equation. R4 presented a higher r2 (0.9002) than R2 (0.5975), possibly because it was the only model that effectively considers the drag force on the swimmer and he velocity of the test. In that way, the proposed models, R3 and R4, seem to be more efficiently to evaluate the results obtained by the dynamometer tests.A força propulsiva e a técnica de nado são fatores determinantes no desempenho do nadador. Os métodos mais específicos para avaliar a força propulsiva são a dinamometria de nado atado e semiatado. Os modelos de regressão conhecidos para avaliar a relação entre a dinamometria de nado atado (R1) e semiatado (R2) e a velocidade de nado consideram somente a força média produzida em cada teste. O objetivo do presente deste estudo foi propor um modelo de regressão que considere a variação de força ao redor da média para a dinamometria de nado atado (R3) e outro modelo que considere a velocidade pré-determinada do teste para a dinamometria de nado semiatado (R4) e que forneça novos parâmetros quantitativos associados ao desempenho do nadador. Doze nadadores (21.8 ± 4.4 anos, 1.77 ± 0.07m, 70.6 ± 5.4kg, 26.3 ± 1.9s nos 50m livre) com mais de cinco anos de experiência na natação realizaram em ordem aleatória testes de nado livre, dinamometria de nado atado e semiatado. Os resultados para R1 e R3 apresentaram valores próximos de coeficiente de determinação (0.7436 e 0.7539, respectivamente), porém, em R1 o intercepto foi significativamente diferente de zero. Isso sugere que o parâmetro oscilação englobou parte da velocidade média que anteriormente era tida como termo independente da equação. R4 apresentou um r² (0.9002) maior que R2 (0.5975), possivelmente por ser o único modelo que considera efetivamente o arrasto atuante sobre o nadador e a velocidade do teste. Dessa forma, os modelos propostos, R3 e R4, parecem ser mais eficientes para avaliar resultados obtidos em testes de dinamometria.
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Bargis-Surgey, Patricia. "Essai de surproduction du facteur d'élongation eEF-2 dans divers systèmes hétérologues : étude de l'interaction in vitro de eEF-2 avec les protéines ribosomiques acides P1 et P2." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10213.
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Au cours de l'etape d'elongation de la synthese proteique, le facteur d'elongation eucaryote eef-2 catalyse la translocation du peptidyl-arnt du site a au site p du ribosome avec hydrolyse du gtp et le mouvement du ribosome le long de l'arnm. Dans ce travail, l'etude des relations structure-fonction de eef-2 par mutagenese dirigee a ete envisagee. Nous avons isole puis clone l'adnc de eef-2 de foie de rat dans divers systemes bacteriens, puis dans la levure pichia pastoris pour obtenir eef-2 recombinant. Malheureusement aucun systeme n'a conduit a l'obtention de eef-2 sous forme soluble. Grace a l'introduction au laboratoire de la biologie moleculaire, les proteines ribosomiques p1 et p2 ont ete surproduites dans l'equipe. Des experiences de reconstitutions de ribosomes actifs, apres addition des proteines recombinantes p1 et p2 a des particules partiellement deproteinisees inactives, ont montre que ces proteines doivent etre toutes les deux presentes et que p2 doit etre sous forme phosphorylee pour restaurer les activites dependantes de eef-2. Une etude mettant a profit la fluorescence des tryptophanes de eef-2 a permis de mettre en evidence une attenuation de la fluorescence de eef-2 en presence de p2 phosphorylee suggerant que la forme phosphorylee de p2 interagit avec ce facteur. Nous avons alors entrepris dans ce travail, l'etude in vitro de l'interaction de eef-2 avec les proteines ribosomiques p1 et p2 par deux techniques, la resonance plasmonique de surface (biacore) pour l'etude cinetique de cette interaction, et la proteolyse menagee par l'endoproteinase glu-c (v8) du complexe eef-2 avec p1 ou p2, pour etudier d'eventuelles modifications de l'accessibilite de ces proteines a la protease v8. Les resultats obtenus par la technique du biacore mettent en evidence l'existence d'une interaction de eef-2 avec non seulement p2 mais aussi p1. Ils montrent que l'affinite de p1 pour eef-2 est superieure (k d=3,8 10 - 8 m) a celle de p2 (k d=2,2 10 - 6 m). La phosphorylation de p2 entraine une legere augmentation (2 a 3 fois) de son affinite pour eef-2, celle-ci augmentant avec le degre de phosphorylation de p2. L'utilisation d'un mutant de p2 : p2s105d, suggere que l'effet de la phosphorylation est du a l'apport de charges negatives supplementaires. La phosphorylation de p1 entraine egalement une legere augmentation (environ 4 fois) de son affinite pour eef-2. Les experiences de proteolyse menagee montrent une augmentation de l'accessibilite de eef-2 a la protease v8 en presence de p1 ou p2. Cet effet est observe en absence comme en presence de nucleotides guanyliques. La phosphorylation de p1 et p2 entraine quant a elle peu de changements sur la cinetique de digestion. La meme experience faite sur eef-2 seul en presence de nucleotides guanyliques montre que le gtp protege eef-2 de la proteolyse alors que le gdp exerce l'effet inverse. Le changement conformationnel de eef-2 lors de l'interaction avec p1 et p2 est donc similaire a celui observe dans le complexe eef-2-gdp. Si l'on rapproche les resultats des experiences de reconstitutions decrites ci-dessus avec l'ensemble de ces resultats, nous pouvons emettre des hypotheses quant au role de chacune de ces proteines ribosomiques. Les reconstitutions ont montre que seule la phosphorylation etait indispensable mais que p1 et p2 etaient toutes deux requises pour l'activite de eef-2. Les resultats presentes ici montrent que p1 et p2 interagissent avec eef-2 en provoquant un changement conformationnel de ce facteur et que p1 a une affinite environ 50 fois superieure a p2. Ainsi ces resultats suggerent que p1 et p2 pourraient avoir des roles differents dans la fixation et l'activite de eef-2. Des mutants de p2 tronques en c-terminal ont ete construits pour mieux localiser le site d'interaction avec eef-2. Ces mutants ont ete testes par la technique du biacore et la proteolyse menagee par la v8. Les resultats obtenus sont en accord avec l'hypothese d'une interaction de la partie c-terminale des proteines p avec eef-2.
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DELALANDE, CHRISTELLE. "La proteine eef-1delta et le developpement precoce de l'oursin sphaerechinus granularis." Rennes 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN10137.
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La synthese proteique est composee de trois phases : l'initiation, l'elongation et la terminaison. Le facteur eef-1, constitue d'une proteine g : eef-1a et d'un complexe d'echange de gdp/gtp : eef-1b, intervient dans la phase d'elongation. Le complexe eef-1b est compose de trois proteines : eef-1beta-gamma-delta chez les animaux et eef-1beta-beta-gamma chez les vegetaux. Nous avons clone et sequence deux adnc de 2,0 et 2,7 kb codant pour eef-1delta chez l'oursin sphaerechinus granularis, ils ne different que par la longueur de leur region 3utr. Ils codent pour une proteine de 35 kda identifiee a eef-1delta sur trois criteres : la presence d'un domaine leucine zipper, d'un domaine d'echange de gdp/gtp et son integration dans un complexe eef-1 heterologue. Leur expression est regulee au cours du developpement et suggere la mise en place d'une selection alternative du site de polyadenylation au cours du developpement. L'expression des arnm codant pour eef-1delta est decouplee de celle de son partenaire eef-1a au cours du developpement precoce. L'analyse phylogenetique des sequences des proteines de type eef-1beta/beta et eef-1delta montre que eef-1beta et beta sont des genes paralogues et que eef-1delta provient de la fusion d'un domaine c-terminal d'un gene ancestral beta avec un domaine leucine zipper. Nous avons utilise la proteine recombinante eef-1delta pour etudier la regulation de(s) activite(s) eef-1delta kinase(s) au cours du developpement precoce. Nous avons montre une activite transitoire eef-1delta kinase, identifiee a la ck2, atteignant son maximum d'activite 24 a 30 h apres la fecondation. Les inhibiteurs de la ck2 affectent la transition blastula-gastrula, suggerant un role de la kinase dans le developpement precoce. La regulation de l'expression de eef-1delta au cours du developpement ainsi que la phosphorylation de la proteine par plusieurs proteines kinases suggerent un role d'integrateur de signaux pour la regulation de l'activite de eef-1b chez les animaux.
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Vanhoenacker, Maxime. ""Suis moi et tu seras autonome!" Ethnographie de la citoyenneté dans le scoutisme laïque des EEDF." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00862668.
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" Suis-moi et tu seras autonome ! " Ethnographie de la citoyenneté dans le scoutisme laïque des EEDF Dans le groupe éclé s'organisent la vie communautaire et les pratiques éducatives propres à cette société de jeunes. Le groupe est l'émanation locale des Éclaireuses et Éclaireurs de France (EEDF), mouvement de scoutisme laïque et mixte, dont l'ambition est de former des citoyens " actifs ", " engagés " et " responsables ". Pourtant, dans le flot quotidien des situations d'animation, des discussions pédagogiques et des engagements militants, les respons, jeunes adultes bénévoles qui conduisent le groupe, ne font pas usage, à première vue, de ce terme de " citoyenneté ". L'existence précaire du groupe éclé impose ses urgences : il y est essentiellement question de réussir à organiser un camp, de renouer des relations avec la Mairie et d'impliquer les familles dans la vie collective. La recherche des situations dans lesquelles les éclés parlent de - ou plus rarement écrivent - la " citoyenneté " va conduire à repérer des fragments de citoyenneté ordinaire dans le groupe local : ils se situent dans les rituels d'engagement organisés durant les camps (la Règle d'Or), dans les discours des respons arrivés à un certain degré de formation militante (second degré), et sont prolifiques dans tous les écrits qui émanent du siège national. En suivant ces pistes, il s'avère que la " citoyenneté aux éclés " est une parole adulte sur ce que doit être ce mouvement de jeunesse : un lieu idéal d'émancipation par l'éducation, aux côtés de l'École publique. La " citoyenneté aux éclés " est une croyance que défendent des initiés qui ont en charge la bonne marche du mouvement au niveau national et qui, donc, sont confrontés aux tendances centripètes des groupes locaux et des engagements individuels. La citoyenneté est affirmée comme symbole d'unité du mouvement. C'est un idiome qui a aussi une portée publique : il renvoie à la position institutionnelle des éclés dans l'arène publique de l'éducation post-scolaire, associés aux autres mouvements laïques de l'éducation populaire. L'évolution des significations de la citoyenneté dans le scoutisme laïque depuis 1911 et jusqu'à Villeneuve en 2006 confirme la portée symbolique de cet élément de culture : unifier des engagements dans l'espace et le temps ; célébrer l'existence publique d'un mouvement de classe moyenne dont le pouvoir est fondé sur une compétence pédagogique.
Books on the topic "EEPF"
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Leeuwen, Joke van. Eep! Wellington, N.Z: Gecko Press, 2012.
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Federation, Engineering Employers'. EEF directory. Birmingham: Guardian Communications, 1993.
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John, Eakins, Environmental Research Technological Development and Innovation Programme., Ireland Environmental Protection Agency, and Economic and Social Research Institute., eds. Carbon taxes: Which households gain or lose? (2001-EEP/DS7-M1) : final report. Johnstown Castle, Co. Wexford: Environmental Protection Agency, 2004.
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Bode, Herman. Herman Bode, vakbondsman: Herinneringen verteld aan Henny Lansink, Herman Noordegraaf en Eef van Vilsteren. Baarn: Arbor, 1991.
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Frederiksen, Erik Ellegaard. Bogstavelig talt: EEF : festskrift til Erik Ellegaard Frederiksen i anledning af hans 70 årsdag 29. april 1994. København: Christian Ejlers f̕orlag, 1994.
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John, Fitz Gerald, Kearney Ide, Economic and Social Research Institute., Ireland Environmental Protection Agency, and Environmental Research Technological Development and Innovation (ERTDI) Programme., eds. The macro-economic effects of using fiscal instruments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (2001-EEP/DS8-M1): Final report. Johnstown Castle, Co. Wexford: Environmental Protection Agency, 2004.
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Peter, Marsden, Environmental Resources Management Ireland Limited., and Ireland Environmental Protection Agency, eds. Development of strategic environmental assessment (SEA) methodologies for plans and programmes in Ireland (2001-DS-EEP-2/5): Synthesis report. Johnstown Castle, Co. Wexford: Environmental Protection Agency, 2003.
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Hunt, Jonathan. Eep full color special #1: Being a somewhat casual yet exceedingly earnest historical over-view of sequential graphic narrative, a Red Eye Studio production. Coconut Creek, FL: Red Eye Studio, 2006.
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Ed, Brinksma, Hermanns Holger 1967-, and Katoen Joost-Pieter, eds. Lectures on formal methods and performance analysis: First EEF Summer School on Trends in Computer Science, Berg en Dal, The Netherlands, July 3-7, 2000 : revised lectures. Berlin: Springer, 2001.
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Talstra, E. Tradition and innovation in Biblical interpretation: Studies presented to professor Eep Talstra on the occasion of his sixty-fifth birthday / edited by W.Th. van Peursen and J.W. Dyk. Leiden: Brill, 2011.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "EEPF"
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Schmidt, Mario, Christian Haubach, Marlene Preiß, Hannes Spieth, and Joa Bauer. "EEP und EEP2 – Energieeffizienz im Siemens Industriepark Karlsruhe und im Siemens-Werk Rastatt." In 100 Betriebe für Ressourceneffizienz – Band 2, 180–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56712-8_38.
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Schmidt, Mario, Hannes Spieth, Christian Haubach, and Christian Kühne. "EEP and EEP2 – Energy efficiency at the Siemens Industrial Park in Karlsruhe and Siemens' Rastatt plant." In 100 Pioneers in Efficient Resource Management, 366–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56745-6_76.
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Godyak, V. A. "Measuring EEDF in Gas Discharge Plasmas." In Plasma-Surface Interactions and Processing of Materials, 95–134. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1946-4_4.
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Çakar, Başak, and Onur Demirörs. "Transformation from eEPC to S-BPM: A Case Study." In Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, 53–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06065-1_4.
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Michitsuji, Yohei, Kohei Mizuno, Yoshihiro Suda, Shihpin Lin, and Shingo Makishima. "Curving Performance Evaluation of EEF Bogie with Inclined Wheel Axles Using Scale Model Vehicle." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 537–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38077-9_64.
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Liu, Yicheng, Fuxiang Wu, Qieshi Zhang, Ziliang Ren, and Jun Chen. "EEP-Net: Enhancing Local Neighborhood Features and Efficient Semantic Segmentation of Scale Point Clouds." In Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision, 112–23. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18913-5_9.
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Song, Minkyu. "Design of a Low Power 108-bit Conditional Sum Adder Using Energy Economized Pass-transistor Logic (EEPL)." In VLSI: Integrated Systems on Silicon, 227–38. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35311-1_19.
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Coelho, Christian, and Ghislain Guyot. "Chapter 6. Excitation–Emission Matrices of Fluorescence – EEMF – for the Characterization of Organic Matter of Surface Waters." In Comprehensive Series in Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, 97–115. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781782622154-00097.
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Zhang, Zhaoqin, Yong Qin, Xiaoqing Cheng, and Tangwen Yang. "Application of Foreign Matter Detection in EEF Bogie by Measuring Technology of Linear-Structure Light." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 211–19. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2866-8_20.
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Tavares, Clint D. J., Ashwini K. Devkota, Kevin N. Dalby, and Eun Jeong Cho. "Application of Eukaryotic Elongation Factor-2 Kinase (eEF-2K) for Cancer Therapy: Expression, Purification, and High-Throughput Inhibitor Screening." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 19–33. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3073-9_2.
Full textConference papers on the topic "EEPF"
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Bagerman, Eef. "Eef Bagerman [biography]." In 2007 8th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology - ICEPT '07. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icept.2007.4441556.
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"EEF Pioneer Awards." In the 12th annual conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/543482.564518.
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Kakkar, Aditya, Miguel Iglesias Olmedo, Oskars Ozolins, Jaime Rodrigo Navarro, Xiaodan Pang, Richard Schatz, Hadrien Louchet, Gunnar Jacobsen, and Sergei Popov. "Overcoming EEPN in Coherent Transmission Systems." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2016.sm4f.3.
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You, S. J., S. S. Kim, S. K. Ahn, and H. Y. Chang. "Time resolved eedf investigation for plasma heating." In The 33rd IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science, 2006. ICOPS 2006. IEEE Conference Record - Abstracts. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2006.1706967.
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Godyak, V. A., and R. B. Piejak. "Anisotropy in EEDF of capacitive RF discharge." In International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS). IEEE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.1993.593254.
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Niu, Zhihua, Zhimin Li, Sun Jin, and Xinxin Li. "Equilibrium Equations of Incremental Forces and its Application in Assembly Variation Analysis of Compliant Structures." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10871.
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Abstract Assembly variation analysis is used to handle the tradeoff between product performance and manufacturing cost. Traditionally, the assembly variation analysis of compliant structures is achieved by combining finite element analysis (FEA) and Monte Carlo simulation. Although the distribution of assembly dimensions can be obtained by such a process, the internal relationships between component deviations and assembly precisions are hidden in the reduplicative computational process. This study aims to shed light on the internal relationships between component deviations and assembly deformations of compliant mechanisms by Equilibrium Equations of Incremental Forces (EEIF). Dimensional deviation is an additional part to theoretical dimension, so does incremental force is to theoretical assembly load. EEIF is the bridge between dimensional deviations and incremental forces. This paper extends the application area of EEIF from compliant joints to compliant beams. The beginning of this paper reviews mainstream assembly variation analysis methods and the application of compliant mechanisms. Following is the basic conceptions about Equilibrium Equations of Incremental Forces. In the theory development part, compliant joints and compliant beams are discussed respectively. Precision of the method is verified by comparing it with an ADAMS/Flex model. Then, the output sensitivity coefficient matrix is used to conduct statistical assembly variation analysis for compliant mechanisms.
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Dudin, S. V. "Angular dependence of EEDF in ion-beam plasma." In International Conference on Plasma Science (papers in summary form only received). IEEE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.1995.532806.
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Kakkar, Aditya, Oskars Ozolins, Jaime Rodrigo Navarro, Xiaodan Pang, Miguel Iglesias Olmedo, Richard Schatz, Hadrien Louchet, Gunnar Jacobsen, and Sergei Popov. "Design of Coherent Optical Systems Impaired by EEPN." In Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2016.tu2a.2.
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Rand, Richard H., Erika T. Wirkus, and J. Robert Cooke. "Nonlinear Dynamics of the Bombardier Beetle." In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/vib-8011.
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Abstract This work investigates the dynamics by which the bombardier beetle releases a pulsed jet of fluid as a defense mechanism. A mathematical model is proposed which takes the form of a pair of piece wise continuous differential equations with dependent variables as fluid pressure and quantity of reactant. The model is shown to exhibit an effective equilibrium point (EEP). Conditions for the existence, classification and stability of an EEP are derived and these are applied to the model of the bombardier beetle.
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Brito, Ana Beatriz Sanches, Patricia Targon Campana, Tiago Mauricio Francoy, and José Roberto Tozoni. "UTILIZAÇÃO DE TÉCNICAS ESPECTROSCÓPICAS NO ESTUDO DE NANOCOMPÓSITOS À BASE DE PRÓPOLIS DE ABELHA SEM FERRÃO E NANOARGILA PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE NANOMATERIAIS AVANÇADOS." In I Congresso Brasileiro de Biotecnologia On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e Meio Ambiente, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/rema/1101.
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Introdução: Na literatura, há evidências de que a própolis produzida por abelhas nativas sem ferrão apresenta uma notável concentração de cumarinas e flavonóides, que apresentam ações imunomoduladoras que as permitem atuar sobre inflamações e infecções. Devido a estas atividades, podemos desenvolver um nanocompósito a partir de própolis e de nanoargilas, que são silicatos com uma estrutura tubular, onde substâncias podem ser inseridas e liberadas de forma controlada. Tendo isso em vista, estudamos as cumarinas e flavonóides presentes na própolis da abelha nativa Melipona quadrifasciata quadrifasciata (Mqq) em estado sólido e em solução, e conjugada com nanoargila haloisita (HNT) para desenvolvimento de nanomateriais avançados, realizando a variação do pH dos compósitos. Materiais e Métodos: A extração da própolis em foi feita em etanol 70% e a conjugação foi realizada com 1 ml de extrato etanólico de própolis (EEP) para 10 mg de nanoargila (NTH) e, após descanso, houve lavagem, e reservou-se o conjugado (EEP-NTH). As técnicas espectroscópicas utilizadas foram as espectroscopias de fluorescência e de reflectância por esfera integradora. Resultados Parciais: O EEP-NTH passou por varredura na esfera integradora nos comprimentos de 700 nm a 200 nm, e mostrou bandas nas regiões de 300 e 400 nm. Os espectros de fluorescência do EEP para flavonóides foram emitidos em 427, 468 e 487 e 525 nm. Já os espectros de fluorescência para cumarinas foram emitidos em 420, 468, 490 e 510 nm. Conclusão: As bandas de absorção do conjugado mostraram-se congruentes com os dados da literatura, indicando ligação da própolis na nanoargila. Os espectros de emissão para flavonóides não são citados na literatura e, das emissões para cumarinas, apenas 420 e 468 nm são confirmadas. Serão necessárias novas análises para estudar os comprimentos de onda que foram encontrados, e novos experimentos para realizar a variação do ambiente físico-químico para resultados finais.
Reports on the topic "EEPF"
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Sharples, Jonathan, Dan Bristow, Emma Taylor-Collins, and Eleanor McKillop. What Works Network Implementation Project. Wales Centre for Public Policy - Cardiff University, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54454/20220411.
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Building on our work to increase the impact of the What Works network across the UK, the Wales Centre for Public Policy won funding from the ESRC to work with Professor Jonathan Sharples at EEF and other What Works Centres to apply the latest thinking and evidence on implementation – how evidence is used in decision making – to the What Works network. What Works Centres face similar challenges on implementation, and the principles, evidence and strategies that underpin effective implementation are often transferrable across different fields. The project looked at developing a common infrastructure for implementation across the network, including shared language, models, guidance, tools and capacity.