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Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

TERAKURA, TAKUMA, KEI TAKANO, TAKANORI YASUOKA, SHIGEKAZU MORI, OSAMU HOSOKAWA, TAKASHI IWABUCHI, TAKASHI CHIGIRI, and SHIN YAMADA. "Transient Electric Field Analysis in Consideration of the Electric Field Dependence of Resistivity in the Converter Transformer." Electrical Engineering in Japan 198, no. 1 (September 13, 2016): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.22878.

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2

Sato, Susumu, and Masahito Kushima. "Applications of nematic liquid crystals to electric-field sensors." Electrical Engineering in Japan 110, no. 7 (1990): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.4391100708.

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3

Tashiro, Shinichi, and Masao Endo. "Electric field of surface discharge inception by electrification charge." Electrical Engineering in Japan 145, no. 2 (July 24, 2003): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.10192.

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4

Hamada, Shoji, and Tadasu Takuma. "Electric field calculation in composite dielectrics by surface charge method based on electric flux continuity condition." Electrical Engineering in Japan 138, no. 4 (January 18, 2002): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.1133.

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5

Hamada, Shoji, Osamu Yamamoto, and Tetsuo Kobayashi. "Analysis of electric field induced by ELF magnetic field utilizing generalized equivalent multipole-moment method." Electrical Engineering in Japan 156, no. 2 (2006): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.20342.

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6

Hamada, Shoji, and Tadasu Takuma. "Electric field calculation in composite dielectrics by curved surface charge method based on electric flux continuity condition." Electrical Engineering in Japan 141, no. 3 (August 21, 2002): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.2017.

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7

Denardini, C. M., M. A. Abdu, E. R. de Paula, C. M. Wrasse, and J. H. A. Sobral. "VHF radar observations of the dip equatorial E-region during sunset in the Brazilian sector." Annales Geophysicae 24, no. 6 (July 3, 2006): 1617–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-24-1617-2006.

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Abstract. Using the RESCO 50 MHz backscatter radar (2.33° S, 44.2° W, DIP: –0.5), at São Luís, Brazil, we obtained Range Time Intensity (RTI) maps covering the equatorial electrojet heights during daytime and evening. These maps revealed a scattering region at an altitude of about 108 km during the sunset period. The type of 3-m irregularity region we present here has not been reported before in the literature, to our knowledge. It was mainly observed around the Southern Hemisphere summer-solstice period, under quiet magnetic activity condition. The occurrence of this echo region coincides in local time with the maximum intensity of an evening pre-reversal eastward electric field of the ionospheric F-region. A tentative explanation is proposed here in terms of the theory of the divergence of the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) current in the evening ionosphere presented by Haerendel and Eccles (1992), to explain the partial contribution of the divergence to the development of the pre-reversal electric field. The theory predicts an enhanced zonal electric field and hence a vertical electric field below 300 km as a consequence of the EEJ divergence in the evening. The experimental results of the enhanced echoes from the higher heights of the EEJ region seem to provide evidence that the divergence of the EEJ current can indeed be the driver of the observed scattering region.

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8

Nakano, Mitsuaki. "DC conduction associated with electric field-induced motion in mineral oils." Electrical Engineering in Japan 114, no. 4 (1994): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.4391140401.

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9

Yamazaki, Keita, Kazuo Kato, Koichiro Kobayashi, Ken Kawamata, Akiyoshi Saga, Noboru Goto, Shigeki Minegishi, and Akira Haga. "Environmental low-frequency magnetic field due to direct-current electric railcars." Electrical Engineering in Japan 137, no. 3 (November 30, 2001): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.1090.

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10

Kawamoto, Tadashi, Tadasu Takuma, Hisashi Goshima, Hiroyuki Shinkai, and Hideo Fujinami. "Triple-junction effect and its electric field relaxation in three dielectrics." Electrical Engineering in Japan 167, no. 1 (April 15, 2009): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.20670.

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11

Kitano, Mitsuhiro, Shoji Hamada, and Tetsuo Kobayashi. "Analytical formula of induced electric fields in a spherical conductor by an ELF dipole magnetic field source." Electrical Engineering in Japan 166, no. 3 (February 2009): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.20739.

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12

Fujioka, Nobuhiro, Tadahiro Shiota, Emilio Fujiwara, and Yoshihiro Tsunoda. "Calculation of electric field and charge density for bipolar HVDC transmission line." Electrical Engineering in Japan 107, no. 3 (1987): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.4391070301.

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13

Hanai, Etsuyo, Mitsutoshi Oyama, Hirokuni Aoyagi, Hiroshi Murase, and Iwao Oshima. "Development of three-dimensional electric field computation system by surface charge method." Electrical Engineering in Japan 112, no. 6 (1992): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.4391120610.

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14

Okubo, Kan, Masashi Chida, and Nobunao Takeuchi. "Analysis of atmospheric electric field variation signals using digital natural observation method." Electrical Engineering in Japan 155, no. 1 (2006): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.20302.

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15

Nishikori, Yasuo, Soji Kojima, and Teruya Kouno. "A study of the field utilization factor and the maximum electric field at sparkover of the standard sphere gaps." Electrical Engineering in Japan 139, no. 4 (April 25, 2002): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.1165.

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16

Hamada, Shoji, and Tetsuo Kobayashi. "Analysis of electric field induced by ELF magnetic field utilizing fast-multipole surface-charge simulation method for voxel data." Electrical Engineering in Japan 165, no. 4 (December 2008): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.20529.

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17

Takahashi, Tsuguhiro. "Electric field measurement just beneath a surface discharge by optical-waveguide pockels sensors." Electrical Engineering in Japan 145, no. 2 (July 24, 2003): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.10185.

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18

Yonetsu, Daigo, Takehisa Hara, Shigeki Shimada, and Mikio Kaji. "Electric field optimization of the power cable joint by using evolutionary calculation method." Electrical Engineering in Japan 150, no. 4 (2005): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.10287.

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19

Hamada, Shoji, Boonchai Techaumnat, and Tadasu Takuma. "Electric field calculation in composite dielectrics by a curved triangular surface charge method." Electrical Engineering in Japan 136, no. 1 (2001): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.1044.

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20

Sakai, Toshiro, Yasuhiro Tanaka, Tadashi Fukao, Tatsuo Takada, and Takashi Maeno. "Remote sensing system for spatial electric field strength using free space light transmission." Electrical Engineering in Japan 162, no. 2 (2007): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.20552.

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21

Miyamoto, Kenichi, and Hideo Yamashita. "An automatic finite element generation method for three-dimensional magnetic or electric field analysis." Electrical Engineering in Japan 109, no. 5 (September 1989): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.4391090513.

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22

Hanaoka, Ryoichi, Shinzo Takata, Yuichi Nakazawa, Tadashi Fukami, and Koji Sakurai. "Effect of electric field on viscoelastic properties of a disperse system in silicone gel." Electrical Engineering in Japan 142, no. 2 (November 15, 2002): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.10098.

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23

Ohsako, Yasushi, Satoru Nagasawa, Mengu Cho, Masayuki Hikita, and Hiromasa Takeno. "Effects of shock wave on laser-induced discharge under a nonuniform DC electric field." Electrical Engineering in Japan 137, no. 1 (2001): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.1075.

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24

Ito, Kohei, Katuyuki Hagiwara, Hiroyuki Nakaura, Kazuo Onda, and Hidekazu Tanaka. "Numerical analysis of effects of electric field and pulse duration on discharge DeNOx performance." Electrical Engineering in Japan 139, no. 2 (February 22, 2002): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.1149.

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25

Miyazaki, Yohei, and Kazutaka Kitamori. "Spline function expression by orthogonal polynomial weighted sampling for high-speed electric field calculation." Electrical Engineering in Japan 169, no. 1 (October 2009): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.20769.

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26

Sreeja, V., and C. V. Devasia. "Observational evidence for the plausible linkage of Equatorial Electrojet (EEJ) electric field variations with the post sunset F-region electrodynamics." Annales Geophysicae 27, no. 11 (November 10, 2009): 4229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-4229-2009.

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Abstract. The paper is based on a detailed observational study of the Equatorial Spread F (ESF) events on geomagnetically quiet (Ap≤20) days of the solar maximum (2001), moderate (2004) and minimum (2006) years using the ionograms and magnetograms from the magnetic equatorial location of Trivandrum (8.5° N; 77° E; dip lat ~0.5° N) in India. The study brings out some interesting aspects of the daytime Equatorial Electrojet (EEJ) related electric field variations and the post sunset F-region electrodynamics governing the nature of seasonal characteristics of the ESF phenomena during these years. The observed results seem to indicate a plausible linkage of daytime EEJ related electric field variations with pre-reversal enhancement which in turn is related to the occurrence of ESF. These electric field variations are shown to be better represented through a parameter, termed as "E", in the context of possible coupling between the E- and F-regions of the ionosphere. The observed similarities in the gross features of the variations in the parameter "E" and the F-region vertical drift (Vz) point towards the potential usage of the EEJ related parameter "E" as an useful index for the assessment of Vz prior to the occurrence of ESF.

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27

Kobea, A. T., C. Amory-Mazaudier, J. M. Do, H. Lühr, E. Houngninou, J. Vassal, E. Blanc, and J. J. Curto. "Equatorial electrojet as part of the global circuit: a case-study from the IEEY." Annales Geophysicae 16, no. 6 (June 30, 1998): 698–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-998-0698-1.

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Abstract. Geomagnetic storm-time variations often occur coherently at high latitude and the day-side dip equator where they affect the normal eastward Sq field. This paper presents an analysis of ground magnetic field and ionospheric electrodynamic data related to the geomagnetic storm which occured on 27 May 1993 during the International Equatorial Electrojet Year (IEEY) experiment. This storm-signature analysis on the auroral, mid-latitude and equatorial ground field and ionospheric electrodynamic data leads to the identification of a sensitive response of the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) to large-scale auroral return current: this response consists in a change of the eastward electric field during the pre-sunrise hours (0400-0600 UT) coherently to the high-, mid-, and equatorial-latitude H decrease and the disappearance of the EEJ irregularities between the time-interval 0800-0950 UT. Subsequent to the change in h'F during pre-sunrise hours, the observed foF2 increase revealed an enhancement of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) caused by the high-latitude penetrating electric field. The strengthening of these irregularities attested by the Doppler frequency increase tracks the H component at the equator which undergoes a rapid increase around 0800 UT. The ∆H variations observed at the equator are the sum of the following components: SR, DP, DR, DCF and DT.Keywords. Equatorial electrojet · Magnetosphere-ionosphere interactions · Electric fields and currents · Auroral ionosphere · Ionospheric disturbances

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28

Ihori, Haruo, Atsushi Ohnishi, Sei Ninomiya, and Masaharu Fujii. "Optical measurement of electric field distributions with time in a liquid at DC pulse voltage." Electrical Engineering in Japan 172, no. 1 (July 15, 2010): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.20940.

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29

Ueta, Genyo, Shuhei Kaneko, and Shigemitsu Okabe. "Breakdown characteristics of gas-insulated switchgear for nonstandard lightning impulse waveforms under nonuniform electric field." Electrical Engineering in Japan 177, no. 1 (June 17, 2011): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.21144.

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30

Yamanobe, Hiroshi, and Masashi Ohchi. "Numerical electric field analysis of capacitance and potential in space for estimation of permittivity distribution." Electrical Engineering in Japan 204, no. 4 (May 17, 2018): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.23107.

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31

Reddy, C. A., Sudha Ravindran, K. S. Viswanathan, B. V. Krishna Murthy, D. R. K. Rao, and T. Araki. "Observations of Pc5 micropulsation-related electric field oscillations in the equatorial ionosphere." Annales Geophysicae 12, no. 6 (May 31, 1994): 565–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-994-0565-7.

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Abstract. A 54.95-MHz coherent backscatter radar, an ionosonde and the magnetometer located at Trivandrum in India (8.5°N, 77°E, 0.5°N dip angle) recorded large-amplitude ionospheric fluctuations and magnetic field fluctuations associated with a Pc5 micropulsation event, which occurred during an intense magnetic storm on 24 March 1991 (Ap=161). Simultaneous 100-nT-level fluctuations are also observed in the H-component at Brorfelde, Denmark (55.6°N gm) and at Narsarsuaq, Greenland (70.6°N gm). Our study of the above observations shows that the E-W electric field fluctuations in the E- and F-regions and the magnetic field fluctuations at Thumba are dominated by a near-sinusoidal oscillation of 10 min during 1730-1900 IST (1200-1330 UT), the amplitude of the electric field oscillation in the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) is 0.1-0.25 mV m-1 and it increases with height, while it is about 1.0 mV m-1 in the F-region, the ground-level H-component oscillation can be accounted for by the ionospheric current oscillation generated by the observed electric field oscillation in the EEJ and the H-component oscillations at Trivandrum and Brorfelde are in phase with each other. The observations are interpreted in terms of a compressional cavity mode resonance in the inner magnetosphere and the associated ionospheric electric field penetrating from high latitudes to the magnetic equator.

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32

Nogueira, Paulo A. B., Mangalathayil A. Abdu, Jonas R. Souza, Clezio M. Denardini, Paulo F. Barbosa Neto, João P. Serra de Souza da Costa, and Ana P. M. Silva. "Latitude-dependent delay in the responses of the equatorial electrojet and <i>S</i><sub><i>q</i></sub> currents to X-class solar flares." Annales Geophysicae 36, no. 1 (January 25, 2018): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-139-2018.

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Abstract. We have analyzed low-latitude ionospheric current responses to two intense (X-class) solar flares that occurred on 13 May 2013 and 11 March 2015. Sudden intensifications, in response to solar flare radiation impulses, in the Sq and equatorial electrojet (EEJ) currents, as detected by magnetometers over equatorial and low-latitude sites in South America, are studied. In particular we show for the first time that a 5 to 8 min time delay is present in the peak effect in the EEJ, with respect that of Sq current outside the magnetic equator, in response to the flare radiation enhancement. The Sq current intensification peaks close to the flare X-ray peak, while the EEJ peak occurs 5 to 8 min later. We have used the Sheffield University Plasmasphere-Ionosphere Model at National Institute for Space Research (SUPIM-INPE) to simulate the E-region conductivity enhancement as caused by the flare enhanced solar extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and soft X-rays flux. We propose that the flare-induced enhancement in neutral wind occurring with a time delay (with respect to the flare radiation) could be responsible for a delayed zonal electric field disturbance driving the EEJ, in which the Cowling conductivity offers enhanced sensitivity to the driving zonal electric field. Keywords. Ionosphere (equatorial ionosphere)

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33

Yasuoka, Takanori, Tomohiro Kato, Katsumi Kato, and Hitoshi Okubo. "Discussion of electrode conditioning mechanism based on pre-breakdown current under nonuniform electric field in vacuum." Electrical Engineering in Japan 175, no. 2 (January 24, 2011): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.21059.

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34

Okubo, Hitoshi, and Satoru Yanabu. "Development of three-dimensional electric field analysis by segment arrangement based on a charge simulation method." Electrical Engineering in Japan 112, no. 7 (1992): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.4391120702.

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35

Doumouya, V., J. Vassal, Y. Cohen, O. Fambitakoye, and M. Menvielle. "Equatorial electrojet at African longitudes: first results from magnetic measurements." Annales Geophysicae 16, no. 6 (June 30, 1998): 658–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-998-0658-9.

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Abstract. In the framework of the French participation in the International Equatorial Electrojet Year (IEEY), ten magnetotelluric stations were installed between November 1992 and November 1994 along a 1200-km-long meridian profile, between Lamto (latitude 6.2°N, Côte d'Ivoire) to the south and Tombouctou (latitude 16.7°N, Mali) to the north. These stations measured digitally the three components of the magnetic field and the two components of the telluric electric field, and operated over a period of 20 months. The magnetic data is used to study the features of the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) in West African longitude. The measurement of the telluric electric field variations will be presented elsewhere. Hourly mean values are used to study the morphological structure of the regular diurnal variation SR of the three components (H, D, and Z) of the earth magnetic field and to characterize the EEJ during magnetically quiet days. The occurrences of the counter-electrojet (CEJ) are set forth, emphasizing its seasonal variability. Assumed to be a current ribbon, the EEJ main parameters (the position of its center, its width, and the amplitude of its current density at the center) are determined. A preliminary analysis of the time variations of these parameters is presented over period of 20 months (from January 1993 to August 1994). Results are compared with those obtained during previous experiments of the same kind.

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36

KATO, TSUYOSHI, RYO ONOZAWA, HIROAKI MIYAKE, YASUHIRO TANAKA, and TATSUO TAKADA. "Properties of Space Charge Distributions and Conduction Current in XLPE and LDPE under DC High Electric Field." Electrical Engineering in Japan 198, no. 3 (November 1, 2016): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.22926.

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37

Mori, Tatsuo, and Teruyoshi Mizutani. "High-electric field conduction phenomena in poly-2-chloro-p-xylylene/poly-p-xylylene composite thin films." Electrical Engineering in Japan 111, no. 7 (1991): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.4391110702.

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38

Kudo, Yusuke, Toshiyuki Sugimoto, and Yoshio Higashiyama. "Corona and micro-gap discharge at a wire particle in precessional motion under a DC electric field." Electrical Engineering in Japan 157, no. 2 (2006): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.20278.

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39

Doumbia, Vafi, Kouadio Boka, Nguessan Kouassi, Oswald Didier Franck Grodji, Christine Amory-Mazaudier, and Michel Menvielle. "Induction effects of geomagnetic disturbances in the geo-electric field variations at low latitudes." Annales Geophysicae 35, no. 1 (January 4, 2017): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-35-39-2017.

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Abstract. In this study we examined the influences of geomagnetic activity on the Earth surface electric field variations at low latitudes. During the International Equatorial Electrojet Year (IEEY) various experiments were performed along 5° W in West Africa from 1992 to 1995. Among other instruments, 10 stations equipped with magnetometers and telluric electric field lines operated along a meridian chain across the geomagnetic dip equator from November 1992 to December 1994. In the present work, the induced effects of space-weather-related geomagnetic disturbances in the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) influence area in West Africa were examined. For that purpose, variations in the north–south (Ex) and east–west (Ey) components of telluric electric field were analyzed, along with that of the three components (H, D and Z) of the geomagnetic field during the geomagnetic storm of 17 February 1993 and the solar flare observed on 4 April 1993. The most important induction effects during these events are associated with brisk impulses like storm sudden commencement (ssc) and solar flare effect (sfe) in the geomagnetic field variations. For the moderate geomagnetic storm that occurred on 17 February 1993, with a minimum Dst index of −110 nT, the geo-electric field responses to the impulse around 11:00 LT at LAM are Ex = 520 mV km−1 and Ey = 400 mV km−1. The geo-electric field responses to the sfe that occurred around 14:30 LT on 4 April 1993 are clearly observed at different stations as well. At LAM the crest-to-crest amplitude of the geo-electric field components associated with the sfe are Ex = 550 mV km−1 and Ey = 340 mV km−1. Note that the sfe impact on the geo-electric field variations decreases with the increasing distance of the stations from the subsolar point, which is located at about 5.13° N on 4 April. This trend does not reflect the sfe increasing amplitude near the dip equator due the high Cowling conductivity in the EEJ belt.

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40

Maeno, Takashi, Takashi Hoshino, Toru Futami, and Tatsuo Takada. "Application of ultrasonic techniques to the measurement of spatial charge and electric field distributions in solid dielectric materials." Electrical Engineering in Japan 109, no. 5 (September 1989): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.4391090507.

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41

Maeno, Takashi, Toshiyuki Kawasaki, and Tatsuo Takada. "Measurement of electric field strength in insulating oil of a composite dielectric of polypropylene film and silicone oil." Electrical Engineering in Japan 110, no. 2 (1990): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.4391100202.

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42

Ihori, Haruo, Kotaro Tanino, Takao Kawasaki, Masaharu Fujii, and Kiyomitsu Arii. "Optical measurement of electric field vector distribution in a liquid insulator using simultaneous three-direction optical measurement system." Electrical Engineering in Japan 139, no. 1 (February 19, 2002): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.1141.

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43

Tatematsu, Akiyoshi, Shoji Hamada, and Tadasu Takuma. "Analytical expressions of potential and electric field generated by a triangular surface charge with a high-order charge density distribution." Electrical Engineering in Japan 139, no. 3 (March 21, 2002): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.1155.

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44

Kawamoto, Tadashi, and Tadasu Takuma. "Abnormality of electric field at a wedgelike edge of a conductor or a dielectric interface and methods for its relaxation." Electrical Engineering in Japan 159, no. 1 (2007): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.20280.

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45

Akpaneno, Aniefiok, Matthew Joshua, and K. R. Ekundayo. "THE STUDY OF LONGITUDINAL AND LATITUDINAL VARIATION OF EQUATORIAL ELECTROJET SIGNATURE AT STATIONS WITHIN THE 96°MM AND 210°MM AFRICAN AND ASIAN SECTORS RESPECTIVELY UNDER QUIET CONDITIONS." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 5, no. 2 (July 15, 2021): 511–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2021-0502-662.

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Solar quiet current (S_q) and Equatorial Electrojet (EEJ) are two current systems which are produced by electric current in the ionosphere. The enhancement of the horizontal magnetic field is the EEJ. This research is needed for monitoring equatorial geomagnetic current which causes atmospheric instabilities and affects high frequency and satellite communication. This study presents the longitudinal and latitudinal variation of equatorial electrojet signature at stations within the 96°mm and 210°mm African and Asian sectors respectively during quiet condition. Data from eleven observatories were used for this study. The objectives was to determine the longitudinal and latitudinal geomagnetic field variations during solar quiet conditions, Investigate monthly variation and diurnal transient seasonal variation; Measure the strength of the EEJ at stations within the same longitudinal sectors and find out the factors responsible for the longitudinal and latitudinal variation of EEJ. Horizontal (H) component of geomagnetic field for the year 2008 from Magnetic Data Acquisition System (MAGDAS) network were used for the study. The International Quiet Days (IQDs) were used to identify quiet days. Daily baseline values for each of the geomagnetic element H were obtained. The monthly average of the diurnal variation was found. The seasonal variation of dH was found. Results showed that: The longitudinal and latitudinal variation in the dH differs in magnitude from one station to another within the same longitude due to the difference in the influence of the EEJ on them.

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46

Santoso, Anwar, Dadang Nurmali, Mira Juangsih, Iyus Edi Rusnadi, Sri Ekawati, Anton Winarko, and Siska Filawati. "ANALISIS PENGARUH PENETRASI MEDAN LISTRIK LINTANG TINGGI KE LINTANG RENDAH TERHADAP IONOSFER SAAT BADAI GEOMAGNET (ANALYSIS OF THE ELECTRIC FIELD PENETRATION EFFECT FROM HIGH TO LOW LATITUDES ON THE IONOSPHERE DURING GEOMAGNETIC STORM)." Jurnal Sains Dirgantara 14, no. 2 (January 8, 2018): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.30536/j.jsd.2017.v14.a2368.

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The influence of geomagnetic storms on the ionosphere in the equatorial and low latitudes can be either rising or falling value of the value foF2 with the different response delay time. The difference in response is one of them allegedly influenced by the modification of Equatorial Electrojet (EEJ) generated by the penetration of high latitude electric field towards the low latitude electric field and the equator. Therefore, this paper analyzes the influence of the high latitude penetration of electric current to the low latitude electric current towards the ionosphere response to Indonesia's current geomagnetic storms using the data foF2 BPAA Sumedang (SMD; 6,910 S; 106,830E geographic coordinates or 16,550 S; 179,950 E magnetic coordinates) and data from the Biak geomagnetic field station (BIK; 1,080 S; 136,050 E geographic coordinates or 9,730 S; 207,390 E magnetic coordinates) in 2000-2001. The result showed that the injection of the electric field of the high latitudes to lower latitudes causing foF2 BPAA Sumedang to be disturbed. Onset of the foF2 disturbance in BPAA Sumedang started coincide with EEJ(HBIK-HDRW) and reached its minimum point with a time delay between 0 to 4 hours before and after Dst index reached the minimum point. For a delay time of 0 to 4 hours after the Dst index reached the minimum point, the results were in accordance with the research results from the prior research. However, for the time difference of between 0 to 4 hours before the Dst index reached the minimum point, the results differ from their results. AbstrakPengaruh badai geomagnet terhadap ionosfer di ekuator dan lintang rendah berupa naiknya nilai foF2 atau turunnya nilai foF2 dengan waktu tunda respon berbeda-beda. Perbedaan respon tersebut salah satunya diduga dipengaruhi oleh modifikasi Equatorial electrojet (EEJ) yang dihasilkan oleh penetrasi medan listrik lintang tinggi sampai daerah lintang rendah dan ekuator. Oleh karena itu, dalam makalah ini dilakukan analisis pengaruh penetrasi arus listrik lintang tinggi ke lintang rendah terhadap ionosfer saat badai geomagnet menggunakan data foF2 dari Balai Pengamatan Antariksa dan Atmosfer (BPAA) Sumedang (SMD; 6,910 LS; 106,830 BT koordinat geografis atau 16,550 LS; 179,950 BT koordinat magnet) dan data medan geomagnet dari stasiun Biak (BIK; 1,080 LS; 136,050 BT koordinat geografis atau 9,730 LS; 207,390 BT koordinat magnet) tahun 2000-2001. Hasilnya diperoleh bahwa penetrasi medan listrik dari lintang tinggi ke lintang lebih rendah Indonesia menyebabkan foF2 BPAA Sumedang terganggu. Onset gangguan foF2 BPAA Sumedang mulai terjadi bertepatan dengan EEJ(HBIK-HDRW) mencapai titik minimumnya dengan jeda waktu antara 0 sampai 4 jam sebelum dan sesudah indeks Dst mencapai minimum. Untuk beda waktu 0 sampai 4 jam sesudah indeks Dst mencapai minimum, hasilnya bersesuaian dengan hasil penelitian peneliti sebelumnya. Namun, untuk beda waktu 0 sampai 4 jam sebelum indeks Dst mencapai minimum, hasilnya merupakan temuan berbeda dari hasil mereka.

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47

Kikuchi, Takashi, Kumiko K. Hashimoto, Takashi Tanaka, Yukitoshi Nishimura, and Tsutomu Nagatsuma. "Middle Latitude Geomagnetic Disturbances Caused by Hall and Pedersen Current Circuits Driven by Prompt Penetration Electric Fields." Atmosphere 13, no. 4 (April 4, 2022): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13040580.

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The prompt penetration electric field (PPEF) drives the DP2 currents composed of the two-cell Hall current vortices surrounding the Region-1 field-aligned currents (R1FACs), and the zonal equatorial electrojet (EEJ, Cowling current) at the dayside equator, which is connected to the R1FACs by the Pedersen currents at middle latitudes. The midlatitude H- and D-components of the disturbance magnetic field are caused by the DP2 currents, as well as by the magnetospheric currents, such as magnetopause currents, FACs, ring currents, and so on. If the DP2 current is the major source for the midlatitude geomagnetic disturbances, H and D are supposed to be caused by the Hall and Pedersen currents, respectively. The H-D correlation would be negative in both morning and afternoon sectors, and H/D-EEJ correlation would be negative/positive in the morning and positive/negative in the afternoon. We picked out 39 DP2 events in the morning and 34 events in the afternoon from magnetometer data at Paratunka, Russia (PTK, 45.58° N geomagnetic latitude (GML)), which are characterized by negative H–D correlation with correlation coefficient (cc) < −0.8. We show that the midlatitude H/D is highly correlated with EEJ at Yap, Micronesia (0.38° S GML) in the same local time zone, meeting the Pedersen–Cowling current circuit between midlatitude and equator in the DP2 current system. Using the global simulation, we confirmed that the ionospheric currents with north–south direction at midlatitude is the Pedersen currents developing concurrently with the Cowling current. We suggest that the negative H-D correlation provides a clue to detect the PPEF when magnetometers are available at middle latitudes.

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48

Uemoto, J., T. Maruyama, S. Saito, M. Ishii, and R. Yoshimura. "Relationships between pre-sunset electrojet strength, pre-reversal enhancement and equatorial spread-F onset." Annales Geophysicae 28, no. 2 (February 8, 2010): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-28-449-2010.

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Abstract. The virtual height of the bottom side F-region (h'F) and equatorial spread-F (ESF) onsets at Chumphon (10.7° N, 99.4° E; 3.3° N magnetic latitude) were compared with the behaviour of equatorial electrojet (EEJ) ground strength at Phuket (8.1° N, 98.3° E; 0.1° N magnetic latitude) during the period from November 2007 to October 2008. Increase in the F-layer height and ESF onsets during the evening hours were well connected with the EEJ ground strength before sunset, namely, both the height increase and ESF onsets were suppressed when the integrated EEJ ground strength for the period from 1 to 2 h prior to sunset was negative. The finding suggests observationally that the pre-sunset E-region dynamo current and/or electric field are related to the F-region dynamics and ESF onsets around sunset.

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49

Mo, Xiaohua, and Donghe Zhang. "Quasi-10 d wave modulation of an equatorial ionization anomaly during the Southern Hemisphere stratospheric warming of 2002." Annales Geophysicae 38, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-38-9-2020.

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Abstract. The present paper studies the perturbations in an equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) region during the Southern Hemisphere (SH) sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) of 2002, using the location of EIA crests derived from global positioning system (GPS) station observations, the total electron content (TEC) obtained by the International GNSS (global navigation satellite system) Service (IGS) global ionospheric TEC map (GIMs) and the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) estimated by the geomagnetic field in the Asian sector. The results indicate the existence of an obvious quasi-10 d periodic oscillation in the location and TEC of the northern and southern EIA crest. An eastward phase progression of the quasi-10 d wave producing the SH SSW of 2002 is also identified in polar stratospheric temperature. Previous studies have shown that a strong quasi-10 d planetary wave with zonal wave numbers s=1 extended from the lower stratosphere to the mesosphere and lower thermosphere during the SH SSW of 2002 (Palo et al., 2005). Moreover, the EEJ driven by the equatorial zonal electric field exhibits quasi-10 d oscillation, suggesting the enhanced quasi-10 d planetary wave associated with SSW penetrates into the ionosphere E region and produces oscillation in the EIA region through modulating the E-region electric fields. Our results reveal some newer features of ionospheric variation that have not been reported during Northern Hemisphere (NH) SSWs.

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50

Aveiro, H. C., C. M. Denardini, and M. A. Abdu. "Signatures of 2-day wave in the E-region electric fields and their relationship to winds and ionospheric currents." Annales Geophysicae 27, no. 2 (February 9, 2009): 631–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-631-2009.

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Abstract. We analyze the effects of the 2-day wave activity in the EEJ using one coherent scatter radar and eight magnetometer stations located close to the dip equator. The wavelet analysis of the magnetometer data reveals a 2-day signature in the semidiurnal geomagnetic tide. The E-region zonal background ionospheric electric field, derived from coherent radar measurements, shows 2-day oscillations in agreement with such oscillations in the magnetometers data. An anticorrelation between the amplitude of the tidal periodicites (diurnal and semidiurnal) and that of the 2-day signature is also shown in the electric fields. The results are compared with simultaneous observations of 2-day planetary wave in meridional winds and ionosonde data. Further, our results are discussed based on the analysis of the magnetic activity.

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