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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Bonastia, Christopher. "WHITE JUSTIFICATIONS FOR SCHOOL CLOSINGS IN PRINCE EDWARD COUNTY, VIRGINIA, 1959–1964." Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 6, no. 2 (2009): 309–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x09990178.

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AbstractFrom 1959 to 1964, Prince Edward County, Virginia, dodged a court desegregation order by refusing to operate public schools. Though the county played an integral role in the national battle over civil rights, scholars and journalists have largely neglected Prince Edward's role in the national drama of race. In 1951, Black high school students went on strike to protest unequal school facilities. This strike led to an NAACP lawsuit that became one of five decided inBrown v. Board of Education. When faced with a final desegregation deadline in 1959, the county put itself in a unique position by becoming the only school district in the U.S. to close its public schools for an extended period of time rather than accept any desegregation. Most White students attended a private, segregated academy; over three-quarters of Black Prince Edward students lost some or all of those years of education. White county leaders believed they were creating a blueprint for defying desegregation in the rural South and perhaps, they hoped, throughout much of the United States. Using archival materials, interviews and secondary accounts, I explain how White county leaders made a public case for the school closings. These leaders' rhetorical strategy was a crucial early draft in the depiction of segregation as a natural state free of racial rancor. The segregationist rhetoric emanating from Prince Edward County was grounded primarily in arguments for privatization, local self-determination, and taxpayers' rights. Such arguments would come to dominate conservative rhetoric nationwide.

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2

Green, David S. "The Later Retinue of Edward the Black Prince." Nottingham Medieval Studies 44 (January 2000): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.nms.3.311.

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3

Minhas, Miranda S., Charles L. Brockhouse, and Peter H. Adler. "The Black Fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) Fauna of Prince Edward Island, Canada." Northeastern Naturalist 12, no. 1 (March 2005): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1656/1092-6194(2005)012[0067:tbfdsf]2.0.co;2.

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4

Brandle, J. E., W. Arsenault, W. D. Rogers, and J. C. D. Ankersmit. "AC Maridel flue-cured tobacco." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 77, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 159–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p96-077.

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AC Maridel is a flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cultivar bred collaboratively by the Pest Management Research Centre and the Charlottetown Research Centre of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. It is a cultivar with high yield, improved leaf quality and is resistant to black root rot (Chalara elegans). It resulted from crosses between two breeding lines originally selected at Delhi (80M11/80K2G). AC Maridel is adapted to the tobacco growing areas of Prince Edward Island. Key words: Nicotiana tabacum, black root rot resistance

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5

Klimaszewski, Jan, and Christopher G. Majka. "Two new Atheta species (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) from eastern Canada: taxonomy, bionomics, and distribution." Canadian Entomologist 139, no. 1 (February 2007): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n05-089.

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AbstractTwo new athetine beetles from eastern Canada are described and illustrated: Atheta (Metadimetrota) savardae Klimaszewski and Majka, sp. nov. (Nova Scotia, Quebec) and Atheta (Datomicra) acadiensis Klimaszewski and Majka, sp. nov. (Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Quebec). Their relationships to other closely related species are discussed, and new data on bionomics and distribution are provided. The new species are presented with a short diagnosis, description, colour habitus images, and black-and-white genital images.

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6

Bowden, Joseph J., Kyle M. Knysh, Gergin A. Blagoev, Robb Bennett, Mark A. Arsenault, Caleb F. Harding, Robert W. Harding, and Rosemary Curley. "The spiders of Prince Edward Island: experts and citizen scientists collaborate for faunistics." Canadian Field-Naturalist 132, no. 4 (July 11, 2019): 330–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v132i4.2017.

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Although lists of spider species have been compiled for all of Canada’s provinces and territories, the spider fauna of Prince Edward Island (PEI) is poorly known. Based on the efforts of citizen scientists, naturalists, and scientists on PEI and researchers at the Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, we present the first comprehensive list of spider species on the island, increasing the known number from 44 to 198. The Centre for Biodiversity Genomics conducted intensive collection in Prince Edward Island National Park; Nature PEI citizen scientists and naturalists contributed specimens from across the island from several different habitats. This provincial list is dominated by the araneoid families, Linyphiidae, Theridiidae, and Araneidae, with 55, 27, and 22 species, respectively. Several non-native species, such as the theridiid Eurasian False Black Widow Spider (Steatoda bipunctata (L.)) and the araneid Red-sided Sector Spider (Zygiella atrica (C.L. Koch)), have been collected in several locations on the island, suggesting that they are well established. This work highlights the effectiveness of collaboration among citizen scientists, naturalists, and professional researchers to further our knowledge of species diversity and distributions.

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7

Bonastia, Christopher. "Black Leadership and Outside Allies in Virginia Freedom Schools." History of Education Quarterly 56, no. 4 (November 2016): 532–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hoeq.12210.

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In July 1963, students from Queens College (QC) and a group of New York City teachers traveled to Prince Edward County (PEC), Virginia, to teach local black youth in Freedom Schools. The county had eliminated public education four years earlier to avoid a desegregation order. PEC Freedom Schools represented the first major effort to recruit an integrated group of outside teachers and students to educate black students in a civil rights battleground over an entire summer.In contrast to the racial and class tensions that arose between black leaders and predominantly white volunteers in other civil rights campaigns, PEC volunteers willingly deferred to the expertise of local and outside black leaders. This paper identifies the relatively modest scope and well-defined mission of the program, the real-world experiences of volunteers, and the high quality of black leadership as factors that led to this positive outcome.

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8

Sobey, D. G., and W. M. Glen. "A Mapping of the Present and Past Forest-types of Prince Edward Island." Canadian Field-Naturalist 118, no. 4 (October 1, 2004): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v118i4.54.

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Our aim was to produce maps showing the distribution on Prince Edward Island of five forest-types previously identified from a TWINSPAN analysis of ground flora data collected at 1200 sampling points in a field survey. For this purpose we had available two databases: one on the composition of the tree canopy of 82,957 forest stands, as determined by photointerpretation of a 1990 aerial photographic survey of the island; the other on the drainage properties of the same stands from a published soil survey. The tree canopy and drainage criteria for sorting these stands into five stand-types were chosen in the light of the equivalent properties of the TWINSPAN forest-types as evident from the field survey. These criteria were perfected in four trial computer-sortings, followed by the computer-printing of maps showing the distribution of the standtypes. These maps, which were then evaluated by comparing them with the properties of the TWINSPAN forest-types, are the first fine-scale maps of the main forest-types of the island. They reveal that, of the three “primary” forest-types, the upland hardwood forest occurs especially in the central and south-eastern hill-lands, as well as in scattered parcels elsewhere, whereas the Black Spruce forest and the wet species-rich woodland occur primarily in areas of lower elevation in the east and west of the island. The two forest-types resulting from human disturbance, the White Spruce woods and the “disturbed forest”, have a more scattered distribution, with the White Spruce woods being found especially in the central and eastern parts of the island and the disturbed forest in the west and east of the island. A secondary aim was to map the conjectured distribution before European settlement of the three primary forest-types: two maps have been produced, one showing the distribution of upland hardwood forest, the other of the wet forest-types.

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9

Sobey, Douglas G. "An Analysis of the Historical Records for the Native Mammalian Fauna of Prince Edward Island." Canadian Field-Naturalist 121, no. 4 (October 1, 2007): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v121i4.510.

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A search was carried out for historical records, both published and unpublished, that make reference to the native mammalian fauna of Prince Edward Island. Based on documents dating from 1721 to 1890, a comprehensive list of the records for the native mammals of the island has been compiled. Among the new information found is evidence for the presence of the Grey Wolf (as well as the Woodland Caribou) at the time of the first French settlement in 1720, and for the absence of the Beaver and Moose. Historical information has been assembled on the abundance and food-chain relationships of each of the mammalian species, as well as on their interactions with the European population, including the attitudes of the new settlers towards each species. The records indicate that seven of the mammals were extirpated: the Grey Wolf, American Black Bear, American Marten, River Otter, Canada Lynx, Atlantic Walrus and Woodland Caribou. All of these extirpations were due to the activities of the European population, with the attitudes of the settlers contributing to four of them: an indifference to the survival of the otter and Marten, and a direct hostility to the bear and lynx (due to their predation on livestock), leading to the payment of bounties.

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10

van Sittert, Lance. "‘Ironman’: Joseph Daniels and the white history of South Africa's deep south." Polar Record 51, no. 5 (October 13, 2014): 501–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247414000576.

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ABSTRACTPolar history has historically been white history, nowhere more so than in South Africa, The recent attempt to imagine a post-apartheid deep south through the public recovery of a black boatman who drowned in the annexation of the Prince Edward Islands in 1948 has ironically left the white history largely intact. Re-reading the annexation not as ceremony and survey, but as labour calls the central claims of this white history into question; that the annexation was a triumph of white seamanship not black stevedoring; that Daniels’ death was a tragic accident not a result of racism; and that black labour was merely the manual appendage to white intellects. It reveals that the landing of 300 tons of cargo by black boatmen. was what enabled the ‘effective occupation’ of the islands. Daniels death was the avoidable result of an institutional racism that discounted the lives of black labour and exposed them at Marion Island to the dangerous work conditions of long hours in open boats in rough sea without adequate safety provisions; and that Daniels was a boatman, not an ‘unskilled labourer’, with a tradition of co-adventuring that valued an individual for their strength, skill and courage, not the colour of their skin and in which the individual was defined by their contribution to the group

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11

Pass, Michael B. "A Black Ship on Red Shores: Commodore Matthew Perry, Prince Edward Island, and the Fishery Question of 1852-1853." Acadiensis: Journal of the History of the Atlantic Region / Revue d’histoire de la region atlantique 49, no. 2 (2020): 58–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aca.2020.0009.

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12

Van Santvoort, Jurriaan M. "The Image of Edward the Black Prince in Georgian and Victorian England: Negotiating the Late Medieval Past, by Barbara Gribling." English Historical Review 134, no. 567 (March 11, 2019): 479–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/cez053.

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13

Crookes, Ellie. "The Image of Edward the Black Prince in Georgian and Victorian England: Negotiating the Late Medieval Past by Barbara Gribling." Parergon 37, no. 1 (2020): 254–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pgn.2020.0025.

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14

MacIntyre, Wendell P. "Chips off the Old Block: An Old Fuel with a New Twist." Forestry Chronicle 63, no. 1 (February 1, 1987): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc63039-1.

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The first settlers in the early 1700's found almost all of Prince Edward Island covered by a magnificent virgin forest of sugar maple, yellow and white birch, beech, red oak and poplar blended with some spruce, fir, white pine, larch, hemlock and cedar. Nearly three hundred years of logging, land clearing and poor forest management have reduced the forest area by 50% and left the remaining forest largely a silvicultural slum. Recent federal/provincial agreements, however, have given rise to the expectation that P.E.I. will once again become self-sufficient for wood and that use of forest biomass will greatly reduce the dependence on oil for energy.

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15

MacKinnon, Colin, and Andrew Kennedy. "An Observation of the Spring 2006 Migration of Black Scoter Melanitta nigra, in Northumberland Strait, Interrupted by the Confederation Bridge, New Brunswick - Prince Edward Island." Canadian Field-Naturalist 120, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v120i2.293.

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An observation from the bridge of a flock of Black Scoters suggests that, nine years after construction, the 12.9 km Confederation Bridge may still be a partial barrier to bird migration. Only 3 of 18 scoters (16.7%) crossed over the structure during the observation period.

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16

Heyam, Kit. "Gribling, The Image of Edward the Black Prince in Georgian and Victorian England: Negotiating the Late Medieval Past (The Boydell Press, 2017)." Royal Studies Journal 5, no. 1 (June 9, 2018): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.21039/rsj.128.

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17

Silverman, Jason H., Donald P. Stone, and Julian Bond. "Fallen Prince: William James Edwards, Black Education, and the Quest for Afro-American Nationality." Journal of Southern History 57, no. 4 (November 1991): 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2210634.

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18

Lamon, Lester C., and Donald P. Stone. "Fallen Prince: William James Edwards, Black Education, and the Quest for Afro-American Nationality." Journal of American History 78, no. 1 (June 1991): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2078192.

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19

Bognár, László. "Új generáció és régi szerepek egy krónikás szemével." Belvedere Meridionale 30, no. 2 (2018): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/belv.2018.2.2.

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Between 1377 and 1382, not more than in a five year period, series of kings – partly in parallel with them, partly following them – and a remarkable part of the social elite were replaced in the area of Western Europe. This essay focuses on the English changes through the Chronicle of Thomas Walsingham entirely from the death of the Black Prince until the enthronement of Henry IV. Several components can be considered as reasons for the weakening royal power in the age of Richard II: his uncles’ influence, the king’s personal age and the unsolved social issues all contributed to the decrease of the royal authority. Nevertheless, examining the chronological tables a sharp change in the European generations is noticeable, until the midst of 1380s Walsingham mainly focuses on the religious differences and the effects of the generation change only appears at a higher rate from the second half of the decade. Many times – basing on the text of the chronicle – the historian personal point of view appears; in certain descriptions it is externalized to the whole aristocracy to contrast them with the reigning social elite of Edward III’s generation.

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20

Klymko, John, Paul Catling, Jeffrey B. Ogden, Robert W. Harding, Donald F. McAlpine, Sarah L. Robinson, Denis A. Doucet, and Christoper I. G. Adam. "Orthoptera and allies in the Maritime provinces, Canada: new records and updated provincial checklists." Canadian Field-Naturalist 132, no. 4 (July 11, 2019): 319–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v132i4.1984.

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We provide an updated checklist of Orthoptera and their allies for each Maritime province of Canada with details for 21 new species records. Drumming Katydid (Meconema thalassinum), recorded from Nova Scotia (NS) and Prince Edward Island (PEI), and Sprinkled Grasshopper (Chloealtis conspersa), recorded from New Brunswick (NB) are reported for the first time from the Maritimes as a whole. We report range extensions in the Maritime region for Australian Cockroach (Periplaneta australasiae; NB), Treetop Bush Katydid (Scudderia fasciata; NS), Short-legged Camel Cricket (Ceuthophilus brevipes; PEI), Spotted Camel Cricket (Ceuthophilus maculatus; PEI), Roesel’s Shield-backed Katydid (Roeseliana roesellii; NS), and Black-horned Tree Cricket (Oecanthus nigricornis; PEI). Short-winged Mole Cricket (Neoscapteriscus abbreviatus; NB) and European Mole Cricket (Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa; NS) are reported as adventives (non-native species that are believed to be not yet established), new to Canada from the Maritimes. Other new records for species not known to be established are Lined Earwig (Doru taeniatum; NS), Australian Cockroach (Periplaneta australasiae; PEI), American Cockroach (Periplaneta americana; NB), Brown Cockroach (Periplaneta brunnea; PEI), Smooth Cockroach (Nyctibora laevigata; NB), West Indian Leaf Cockroach (Blaberus discoidalis; NB), an unidentified Parcoblatta species (NB), Brown-banded Cockroach (Supella longipalpa; PEI), Praying Mantis (Mantis religiosa; NB), and American Bird Grasshopper (Schistocerca americana; NS).

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21

KITLV, Redactie. "Book reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 84, no. 3-4 (January 1, 2010): 277–344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002444.

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The Atlantic World, 1450-2000, edited by Toyin Falola & Kevin D. Roberts (reviewed by Aaron Spencer Fogleman) The Slave Ship: A Human History, by Marcus Rediker (reviewed by Justin Roberts) Extending the Frontiers: Essays on the New Transatlantic Slave Trade Database, edited by David Eltis & David Richardson (reviewed by Joseph C. Miller) "New Negroes from Africa": Slave Trade Abolition and Free African Settlement in the Nineteenth-Century Caribbean, by Rosanne Marion Adderley (reviewed by Nicolette Bethel) Atlantic Diasporas: Jews, Conversos, and Crypto-Jews in the Age of Mercantilism, 1500-1800, edited by Richard L. Kagan & Philip D. Morgan (reviewed by Jonathan Schorsch) Brother’s Keeper: The United States, Race, and Empire in the British Caribbean, 1937-1962, by Jason C. Parker (reviewed by Charlie Whitham) Labour and the Multiracial Project in the Caribbean: Its History and Promise, by Sara Abraham (reviewed by Douglas Midgett) Envisioning Caribbean Futures: Jamaican Perspectives, by Brian Meeks (reviewed by Gina Athena Ulysse) Archibald Monteath: Igbo, Jamaican, Moravian, by Maureen Warner-Lewis (reviewed by Jon Sensbach) Left of Karl Marx: The Political Life of Black Communist Claudia Jones, by Carole Boyce Davies (reviewed by Linden Lewis) Displacements and Transformations in Caribbean Cultures, edited by Lizabeth Paravisini-Gebert & Ivette Romero-Cesareo (reviewed by Bill Maurer) Caribbean Migration to Western Europe and the United States: Essays on Incorporation, Identity, and Citizenship, edited by Margarita Cervantes-Rodríguez, Ramón Grosfoguel & Eric Mielants (reviewed by Gert Oostindie) Home Cooking in the Global Village: Caribbean Food from Buccaneers to Ecotourists, by Richard Wilk (reviewed by William H. Fisher) Dead Man in Paradise: Unraveling a Murder from a Time of Revolution, by J.B. MacKinnon (reviewed by Edward Paulino) Tropical Zion: General Trujillo, FDR, and the Jews of Sosúa, by Allen Wells (reviewed by Michael R. Hall) Downtown Ladies: Informal Commercial Importers, a Haitian Anthropologist, and Self-Making in Jamaica, by Gina A. Ulysse (reviewed by Jean Besson) Une ethnologue à Port-au-Prince: Question de couleur et luttes pour le classement socio-racial dans la capitale haïtienne, by Natacha Giafferi-Dombre (reviewed by Catherine Benoît) Haitian Vodou: Spirit, Myth, and Reality, edited by Patrick Bellegarde-Smith & Claudine Michel (reviewed by Susan Kwosek) Cuba: Religion, Social Capital, and Development, by Adrian H. Hearn (reviewed by Nadine Fernandez) "Mek Some Noise": Gospel Music and the Ethics of Style in Trinidad, by Timothy Rommen (reviewed by Daniel A. Segal)Routes and Roots: Navigating Caribbean and Pacific Island Literatures, by Elizabeth M. DeLoughrey (reviewed by Anthony Carrigan) Claude McKay, Code Name Sasha: Queer Black Marxism and the Harlem Renaissance, by Gary Edward Holcomb (reviewed by Brent Hayes Edwards) The Sense of Community in French Caribbean Fiction, by Celia Britton (reviewed by J. Michael Dash) Imaging the Chinese in Cuban Literature and Culture, by Ignacio López-Calvo (reviewed by Stephen Wilkinson) Pre-Columbian Jamaica, by P. Allsworth-Jones (reviewed by William F. Keegan) Underwater and Maritime Archaeology in Latin America and the Caribbean, edited by Margaret E. Leshikar-Denton & Pilar Luna Erreguerena (reviewed by Erika Laanela)

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22

Percival, David, Gloria Thyssen, Kevin Sanderson, and David Burton. "Environmental Losses of Soil-applied Nitrogen Sources in Lowbush Blueberry Production." HortScience 40, no. 4 (July 2005): 1132A—1132. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1132a.

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Environmental losses of soil-applied nitrogen fertilizers were examined during 2004 in commercial wild blueberry fields in the vegetative phase of production in Nova Scotia (NS) and Prince Edward Island (PE). A randomized complete-block experimental design with five treatments, five replications, a plot size of 8 × 6 m, and 2-m buffers between plots was used. Treatments consisted of a control (no fertilizer application) and nitrogen applications (N at 35 kg·ha-1) of ammonium sulphate (AS), urea (U), diammonium phosphate (DAP), and sulfur-coated urea (SCU). Nitrogen applications occurred on 19 May and 9 June at the Kemptown (NS) and Mount Vernon (PE) sites, respectively. Cumulative ammonia volatilization was determined through the use of open top chambers with volatilization samples collected on 1, 2, 5, 8, and 12 days after treatment application. In addition, leaf tissue and yield component data were collected. A significant volatilization treatment effect was present at the Kemptown site with the U and SCU treatments having volatilization rates that were 321% and 207% greater than the control, respectively. Therefore, results from this study indicate that volatilization losses are significant and site specific and can negatively influence blueberry growth.

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23

Peters, R. D., A. V. Sturz, M. R. Carter, and J. B. Sanderson. "Influence of crop rotation and conservation tillage practices on the severity of soil-borne potato diseases in temperate humid agriculture." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 84, no. 4 (November 1, 2004): 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s03-060.

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A field trial was established in 1994 in Prince Edward Island, Canada, to determine the effects of 2- and 3-year crop rotations, with either conventional or minimum tillage treatments, on the severity of potato diseases caused by soil-borne pathogens. The 2-yr rotation consisted of spring barley and potato (cv. Russet Burbank) and the 3-yr rotation was barley (undersown with red clover), red clover and potato. In the potato years only, the main plots were split to examine conventional and minimum tillage (sub-plot) treatments. Potato diseases were assessed during the period 2000–2002, 6–8 yr after the initial establishment of the field trial. In each year of the study, potato plants grown in 3-yr rotations developed significantly (P = 0.05) lower levels of stem and stolon canker and black scurf (Rhizoctonia solani) compared with those from 2-yr rotations. Overall, rotation duration (not tillage type) was the main factor contributing to reduction of disease caused by R. solani. The severity of silver scurf (Helminthosporium solani) was significantly (P = 0.05) lower in tubers from plots managed in 3-yr rotations under minimum tillage practices in 2000, significantly higher in plots managed with minimum tillage in 2001, and unaffected by treatment in 2002. The severity of dry rot (Fusarium spp.) was significantly (P = 0.05) lower in tubers from plots managed with 3-yr rotations under minimum tillage practices in 2000, but was unaffected by either tillage regime in 2001 and 2002. The severity of common scab (Strep tomyces scabiei) was low and not influenced by tillage or rotation in any year of study. In summary, a 3-yr crop rotation combined with minimum tillage reduced potato diseases caused by R. solani and did not affect disease caused by other soil-borne pathogens. From a crop health perspective, there appear to be no constraints to the use of minimum tillage practices in association with 3-yr rotations in potato production in regions of temperate humid agriculture. Key words: Crop rotation, minimum tillage, potato, Solanum tuberosum, soil-borne pathogens, Rhizoctonia solani

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24

Raeside, Rob. "Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 30–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven20111820.

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25

Raeside, Rob. "Kensington, Prince Edward Island." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven20111848.

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26

Raeside, Rob. "Montague, Prince Edward Island." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 112–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven20111858.

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27

Raeside, Rob. "Souris, Prince Edward Island." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven20111888.

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28

Raeside, Rob. "Summerside, Prince Edward Island." Raven: A Journal of Vexillology 18 (2011): 187–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/raven20111892.

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29

Smith, Gordon E. "The Prince Edward Island Style of Fiddling: Fiddlers of Western Prince Edward Island." American Music 20, no. 4 (2002): 466. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1350154.

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30

Matthews, David. "Barbara Gribling, The Image of Edward the Black Prince in Georgian and Victorian England: Negotiating the Late Medieval Past. (Royal Historical Society: Studies in History.) Woodbridge, UK: Boydell, 2017. Pp. xii, 171; 5 color plates and 12 black-and-white figures. $90. ISBN: 978-0-8619-3342-6." Speculum 95, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 558–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/708477.

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31

Innes-Parker, Catherine. "University of Prince Edward Island." Florilegium 20, no. 1 (January 2003): 120–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/flor.20.036.

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Teaching and researching medieval literature at UPEI is both a challenge and a delight. It is a challenge, because I am the only medievalist on the campus (indeed, on the Island). My students do not have complementary courses in other disciplines (such as history or philosophy) to introduce them to the contexts in which the literature I teach emerged. And I often miss the intellectual stimulation and support of having other medievalists nearby. Finally, as might be expected for a small university where only one member of the faculty teaches a vast area of literature and history, our library resources are inadequate.

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32

Roy, J. L. "Palaeomagnetism of Prince Edward Island." Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 8, no. 2 (April 2, 2007): 226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.1963.tb06286.x.

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33

Khan, Rimsha, Amna Abbas, Aitazaz A. Farooque, Farhat Abbas, and Xander Wang. "Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agricultural Fields through Bioresource Management." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (May 7, 2022): 5666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095666.

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Efficient bioresource management can alter soil biochemistry and soil physical properties, leading to reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agricultural fields. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of organic amendments including biodigestate (BD), biochar (BC), and their combinations with inorganic fertilizer (IF) in increasing carbon sequestration potential and mitigation of GHG emissions from potato (Solanum tuberosum) fields. Six soil amendments including BD, BC, IF, and their combinations BDIF and BCIF, and control (C) were replicated four times under a completely randomized block design during the 2021 growing season of potatoes in Prince Edward Island, Canada. An LI-COR gas analyzer was used to monitor emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) from treatment plots. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results depicted higher soil moisture-holding capacities in plots at relatively lower elevations and comparatively lesser volumetric moisture content in plots at higher elevations. Soil moisture was also impacted by soil temperature and rainfall events. There was a significant effect of events of data collection, i.e., the length of the growing season (p-value ≤ 0.05) on soil surface temperature, leading to increased GHG emissions during the summer months. ANOVA results also revealed that BD, BC, and BCIF significantly (p-value ≤ 0.05) sequestered more soil organic carbon than other treatments. The six experimental treatments and twelve data collection events had significant effects (p-value ≤ 0.05) on the emission of CO2. However, the BD plots had the least emissions of CO2 followed by BC plots, and the emissions increased with an increase in atmospheric/soil temperature. Results concluded that organic fertilizers and their combinations with inorganic fertilizers help to reduce the emissions from the agricultural soils and enhance environmental sustainability.

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34

Waugh, Scott L., and David Green. "The Black Prince." Albion: A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies 35, no. 1 (2003): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4054522.

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35

Keen, M. H. "The Black Prince." English Historical Review 118, no. 475 (February 1, 2003): 185–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/118.475.185.

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36

Wotherspoon, Vanessa. "School Psychology In Prince Edward Island." Canadian Journal of School Psychology 16, no. 2 (June 2001): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/082957350101600202.

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37

Matters, Rhonda. "Prince Edward Island’s School Psychology Report." Canadian Journal of School Psychology 31, no. 3 (July 24, 2016): 256–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0829573516653686.

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38

Smith, Phillip Thurmond. "Edward the Caresser: The Playboy Prince Who Became Edward VII." History: Reviews of New Books 29, no. 4 (January 2001): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2001.10527824.

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39

Rudolph, E. M., D. W. Hedding, and W. Nel. "The surface geology of the Prince Edward Islands: refined spatial data and call for geoconservation." South African Journal of Geology 124, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 627–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.25131/sajg.124.0014.

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Abstract Volcanological maps of the sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Islands were first published in 1968, with a revised surface geology map of Marion Island produced in 2006. These maps have been widely used in terrestrial studies on the Prince Edward Islands but they have limitations in spatial accuracy and detail. Using high-resolution satellite imagery and digital elevation data, more spatially accurate data for both Prince Edward and Marion Island’s surface geology are presented here. In particular, Marion Island’s volcanology on the western coast, including the 1980s lava flow, and the newly exposed Central Highland following the disappearance of extensive ice and snow cover is mapped with greater detail and verified through field observations. The spatial data are downloadable as ESRI layer packages, which can assist in future investigations of island biotic-abiotic processes and interactions and enable improvements in spatial modelling. In addition, this paper highlights geological features and specimens from the Prince Edward Islands as unique examples of geodiversity in a South African context. An overview of these features are provided in terms of their geoheritage value to enable a more comprehensive geoconservation strategy be incorporated into the Prince Edward Islands Management Plan.

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Renwick, Roger DeV. "Drive Dull Care Away: Folksongs from Prince Edward Island:Drive Dull Care Away: Folksongs from Prince Edward Island." American Anthropologist 103, no. 2 (June 2001): 576–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.2001.103.2.576.

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41

Sprey, Ilicia J., and Michael Hicks. "Edward V: The Prince in the Tower." Sixteenth Century Journal 37, no. 2 (July 1, 2006): 604. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20477955.

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42

Sturz, A. V., H. W. Johnston, and C. K. Mac Williams. "Weed hosts ofRhizoctonia solaniin Prince Edward Island." Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 17, no. 4 (December 1995): 346–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07060669509500674.

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43

Martin, H., LP Abbott, DE Low, B. Willey, M. Mulvey, and J. Scott Weese. "Genotypic Investigation ofClostridium difficilein Prince Edward Island." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 19, no. 6 (2008): 409–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/848045.

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Clostridium difficileis an important cause of disease in Canada; however, little information is available about the disease in the Maritime provinces. The objective of the present study was to characterizeC difficileisolates obtained from people hospitalized withC difficileinfection in Prince Edward Island. One hundred twenty-sixC difficileELISA toxin-positive stool samples were obtained and cultured using an enrichment protocol.C difficilewas isolated from 105 of 126 (83%) samples. Twenty-two different ribotypes were identified. The most common ribotype, ribotype W, was a North American pulsotype 2 (NAP2), toxinotype 0 strain, which represented 18% of isolates. The next most common ribotype was a NAP1, toxinotype III strain, which accounted for 11% of isolates. Ribotype 027/NAP1 only accounted for five (4.7%) isolates. Forty-five per cent of isolates possessed genes encoding production of binary toxin. Three different ribotypes, all NAP1, toxinotype III strains, had a frameshift mutation in thetcdCgene (Δ117), while one isolate (ribotype 078, NAP4, toxinotype V) had a truncating mutation (C184T) in thetcdCgene.

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Pakhomov, Evgeny A., and Steven L. Chown. "The Prince Edward Islands: Southern Ocean Oasis†." Ocean Yearbook Online 17, no. 1 (2003): 348–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221160003x00140.

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Boden, Brian P., and Llewellyn D. Parker. "The plankton of the Prince Edward Islands." Polar Biology 5, no. 2 (February 1986): 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00443380.

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46

Grittner, Colin. "Working at the crossroads: Statute Labour, Manliness, and the Electoral Franchise on Victorian Prince Edward Island1." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 23, no. 1 (May 22, 2013): 101–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1015729ar.

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This essay considers how conceptions of manliness shaped the electoral franchise on Victorian Prince Edward Island. Soon after its institution of responsible government, Prince Edward Island shifted away from a property-based franchise to one grounded in the performance of statute labour. Instead of heralding the male property owner, this new law championed the man who used his labour to faithfully serve and improve his community. Because of limited land distribution, bourgeois ideals of manliness based upon property ownership fit the conditions of the colony poorly. A statute labour franchise better reflected the gender ideals upheld by the Island’s unpropertied majority. Like all gender ideals, these standards were not accepted across Prince Edward Island unopposed.

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Silva, Marina, Karen Johnson, and Sheldon Opps. "Habitat use and home range size of red foxes in Prince Edward Island (Canada) based on snow-tracking and radio-telemetry data." Open Life Sciences 4, no. 2 (June 1, 2009): 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11535-008-0061-2.

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AbstractThere is a lack of information regarding the ecology and behaviour of red foxes that can be used to elaborate effective management programs for this species on Prince Edward Island (Canada). The main goal of this study was to provide baseline information on habitat selection and home range size of red foxes on Prince Edward Island. Data were collected from snow-tracking and radio-telemetry sessions conducted in two study sites (including one site within Prince Edward Island National Park). Our results indicated that red foxes selected for roads and human-use areas during both the breeding and the kit-rearing seasons in the park. Outside the park, however, the data failed to conclusively show that foxes have a unique preference for human-use habitats or roads. Forests were selected against in both study sites. Although roads are frequently visited by foxes during the kit-rearing season in the park, each individual fox typically stays in this habitat only for short periods of time (< 15 min). This finding suggests that foraging efficiency along the roads is very high possibly reflecting the abundance of anthropogenic food sources. Overall, we present the largest amount of data on habitat selection ever collected for red foxes in Prince Edward Island, Canada. Our results show that food sources in human-use areas and roads are altering the selection and/or use of habitats of red foxes in some areas of Prince Edward Island.

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Brown, Jennifer A., Donald F. McAlpine, and Rosemary Curley. "Northern Long-eared Bat, Myotis septentrionalis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), on Prince Edward Island: First Records of Occurrence and Over-Wintering." Canadian Field-Naturalist 121, no. 2 (April 1, 2007): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v121i2.448.

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First occurrence of the Northern Long-eared Bat, Myotis septentrionalis, on Prince Edward Island is reported. A mixed-species hibernaculum of M. septentrionalis and the Little Brown Bat, M. lucifugus, is also described from southeastern Prince Edward Island. This is the first record of bats over-wintering in the province and the first time either species has been reported making use of a building as a hibernaculum.

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Cooper, John, and Patrick R. Condy. "Environmental Conservation at the Sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Islands: A Review and Recommendations." Environmental Conservation 15, no. 4 (1988): 317–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900029817.

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With respect to environmental conservation at* the Prince Edward Islands, South Africa has not lagged behind other nations owning sub-Antarctic islands. Indeed, with respect to some aspects, it can claim to be in the forefront. The most serious environmental problems at the Prince Edward Islands have to do with the need for control or eradication of certain established alien species of both plants and animals, the prevention of the introduction of additional aliens, and the carrying out of environmental impact assessments prior to new developments or expansions of existing facilities and programmes. However, where South Africa has lagged behind is in the enunciation of a policy on, and the proclamation of legislation giving, formal status to environmental conservation at, and the implementation of a formal and effective management plan for, the Prince Edward Islands.It is hoped that these shortcomings will be redressed in the near future. But if, for example, an aircraft landing strip were ever to be built on Marion Island, then the need for the proclamation of legislation and the implementation of a management plan would become even greater than at present. Prince Edward Island is so exceptionally special as an undisturbed sub-Antarctic island that it must never be subjected to any such development.

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Thrasher, Steven W. "Obituarizing Black Maleness, Obituarizing Prince." Biography 41, no. 1 (2018): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bio.2018.0004.

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