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Journal articles on the topic 'Edward FitzGerald'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 January 2023

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1

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 15, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18420918-tc-ef-01.

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2

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 15, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18420924-tc-ef-01.

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3

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 15, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18420929-tc-ef-01.

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4

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 15, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 112–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18421001-tc-ef-01.

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5

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 15, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 115–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18421003-tc-ef-01.

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6

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 15, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18421008-tc-ef-01.

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7

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 16, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 148–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18430502-tc-ef-01.

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8

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 16, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 154–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18430504-tc-ef-01.

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9

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 16, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 160–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18430508-tc-ef-01.

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10

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 16, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18430510-tc-ef-01.

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11

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 17, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 49–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18430816-tc-ef-01.

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12

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 17, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 97–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18430828-tc-ef-01.

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13

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 17, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18430904-tc-ef-01.

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14

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 17, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 138–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18430919-tc-ef-01.

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15

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 17, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 233–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18440109-tc-ef-01.

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16

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 17, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 259–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18440210-tc-ef-01.

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17

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 17, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 274–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18440217-tc-ef-01.

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18

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 17, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 293–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18440303-tc-ef-01.

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19

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 17, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 316–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18440322-tc-ef-01.

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20

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 19, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 21–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18450206-tc-ef-01.

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21

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 19, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 27–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18450208-tc-ef-01.

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22

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 19, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 38–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18450224-tc-ef-01.

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23

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 19, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 47–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18450404-tc-ef-01.

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24

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 19, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18450627-tc-ef-01.

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25

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 19, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18450710-tc-ef-01.

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26

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 19, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 153–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18450818-tc-ef-01.

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27

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 19, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 165–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18450823-tc-ef-01.

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28

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 84–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18451230-tc-ef-01.

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29

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 102–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18460119-tc-ef-01.

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30

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18460408-tc-ef-01.

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31

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18460605-tc-ef-01.

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32

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 238–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18460715-tc-ef-01.

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33

Carlyle, T. "TC TO EDWARD FITZGERALD." Carlyle Letters Online 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 258–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18460726-tc-ef.

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34

Mana Aleahmad. "The Effect of Ideology on the Form and Content of Edward FitzGerald’s Translation of Khayyam's Rubaiyat." LingLit Journal Scientific Journal for Linguistics and Literature 2, no. 2 (June 24, 2021): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/linglit.v2i2.461.

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The present study attempted to examine Edward FitzGerald, who would translate Omar Khayyam's Rubaiyat (1859), was interested in Persian poetry. Translation deals with power and authority and most of the time the ideology of source text changes in favor of the dominant ideology of target text. Victorian people‘s scornful outlook toward East led to ideological manipulation of source texts by translators such as Fitzgerald. His strange reduction in his translations, especially in Khayyam's Rubaiyat results in the necessity of investigating his translation from ideological point of view. Surprisingly translation of Khayyam’s Rubaiyat has never been studied from ideological perspective and is unknown for many literary scholars. Victorian issues had a strong effect on FitzGerald‘s selection of some Khayyam's Rubaiyat.

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35

Morgan, Peter, Edward FitzGerald, Alfred McKinley Terhune, and Annabelle Burdick Terhune. "The Letters of Edward FitzGerald." Modern Language Studies 16, no. 4 (1986): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3194795.

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36

Taher-Kermani, Reza. "The Rubáiyát: A Labour of Love." Victoriographies 7, no. 1 (March 2017): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/vic.2017.0261.

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This is an essay on the genesis of the Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám. The contention is that the Rubáiyát ensued, at least, partly from the affection that Edward FitzGerald had for his friend and mentor in Persian, Edward Byles Cowell. FitzGerald used Omar Khayyám as an excuse to stay in touch with his dear friend Cowell, who left England after introducing him to Khayyám and his poetry. But FitzGerald soon fell in love with ‘Omar’, his new Persian mentor, and replaced the love that he had for Cowell with the one he developed for ‘Omar’. The result of this love was the Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám.

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37

Taher-Kermani, Reza. "Fitzgerald's Anglo-Persian Rubáiyát." Translation and Literature 23, no. 3 (November 2014): 321–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/tal.2014.0162.

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This article examines Edward FitzGerald's translation practice and the poetics of his Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám (1859) in order to to enrich and supplement previous critiques. FitzGerald succeeded in ‘Persianising’ his re-writing of the rubáiyát by importing matter of peculiar Persian significance. In order to identify it, his translation of Khayyám needs to be read with, so to speak, a Persian eye; it has to be scrutinized as a native critic would read and analyse the poetry of, for example, Hāfiz. This is the fundamental approach of this essay.

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38

Annmarie Drury. "Accident, Orientalism, and Edward FitzGerald as Translator." Victorian Poetry 46, no. 1 (2008): 37–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/vp.0.0008.

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39

Woolford, John. "The Protean Precursor: Browning and Edward FitzGerald." Victorian Literature and Culture 24 (March 1996): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150300004460.

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40

Dávila, José María. "Retrotraducción, publicidad y "post-colonialismo"." Estudios Humanísticos. Filología, no. 29 (December 1, 2007): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ehf.v0i29.2825.

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En su artículo «The tale of the inimitable Rubaiyat», T. Leacock- Seghatolislami replantea el debate sobre la traducción que el poeta y académico inglés Edward FitzGerald realizó del clásico persa Rubaiyat. Estudiante ocasional del persa, los conocimientos que FitzGerald tenía de esta lengua eran rudimentarios y, en su trabajo, según se documentó con posterioridad, echaba mano de una técnica de interpretación del texto basada en el uso indiscriminado del diccionario y en un sentido muy laxo de la fidelidad

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41

Nakhaei, Bentolhoda. "The Impact of Power and Ideology on Edward FitzGerald’s Translation of the Rubáiyát: A Postcolonial Approach." TranscUlturAl: A Journal of Translation and Cultural Studies 11, no. 1 (August 6, 2019): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21992/tc29449.

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This paper analyzes the issues raised by the change of ideology and the underlying meanings in five FitzGerald’s translations of Khayyám’s quatrains according to the theories of certain translation scholars such as André Lefevere and Antoine Berman. With regard to the fact that the British translator has given a harmonizing beauty and an epicurean flavor of his own to Khayyám’s Rubáiyát, could it be claimed that translator’s voice is louder than the author’s? From the transcreation point of view, one could wonder whether FitzGerald did maintain the intent, style, tone, and content of the Persian quatrains. Do FitzGerald’s translations evoke the same emotions and does it carry the same implications in English as Khayyám’s Rubáiyát does in Persian. In general, from a postcolonial perspective, FitzGerald’s five English translations could offer interesting and fertile ground for investigating the effects of power relationship between the colonizer and the colonized text during the Victorian age in England. Keywords: Khayyám, quatrains, English translations, the colonizer, the colonized text.

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42

Temple, Philip. "Fitz: the colonial adventures of James Edward FitzGerald." Journal of Postcolonial Writing 51, no. 2 (October 15, 2014): 250–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17449855.2014.968441.

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43

Carlyle, T., and E. M. Fitzgerald. "TC AND EDWARD M. FITZGERALD TO LONDON LIBRARY SUBSCRIBERS." Carlyle Letters Online 12, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/lt-18400410-tcemf-lls-01.

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44

Coenen, Erik, and Saideh Ghasemi. "El ajedrez de Omar. En torno a una cuarteta persa que admiraba Borges." 1616 Anuario de Literatura Comparada 10 (December 18, 2020): 163–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14201/1616202010163189.

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Jorge Luis Borges cita en uno de sus sonetos una sentencia que atribuye a Omar Jayyām, pero que proviene realmente de una de las libertades tomadas, consciente o inconscientemente, por Edward FitzGerald en su traducción inglesa de las cuartetas del persa. Después de analizar minuciosamente el sentido de la cuarteta original, demostramos en este estudio que la traducción de FitzGerald, así como, en menor medida, la francesa de Nicholas, pesa sobre muchas traducciones al español y a otras lenguas europeas. Con nuestro estudio de la transmisión de una sola cuarteta en cuestión en Occidente, concretamos e ilustramos los problemas que conlleva la transmisión y recepción de la poesía de Jayyām en general.

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45

Ferrier, R. W. "Edward Fitzgerald, a Reader "Of Taste", and ʿUmar Khayyām 1809-1883." Iran 24 (1986): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4299773.

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46

Nakhaei, Bentolhoda. "FitzGerald’s Translation of the Mantiq-Ut-Tayr: A Colonial Approach towards Metrics, Textual Rhythm, and Rhyme Translation." TranscUlturAl: A Journal of Translation and Cultural Studies 14, no. 1 (September 22, 2022): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.21992/tc29562.

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The Mantiq-Ut-Tayr[1] is a collection of mystical poems composed by Farid ud-Din Attar in 1177 in Iran. He was a doctor, druggist, perfumer, and at the same time a Sufi in his ideas. In 1857, the British poet and translator, Edward FitzGerald, introduced this collection of couplets to England for the first time. As a Victorian translator, he attempted to colonize the Persian text and recreate Attar’s rhythmic pattern in his translation. In other terms, he tried to introduce the Persian Metrics of the twelfth century into English literature of the nineteenth century. By introducing Persian fixed metric patterns into English literature, one may wonder how FitzGerald’s invention affected the norms of the Victorian poetry. Has the British translator become successful in recreating the close correlation, which exists between rhythm and the underlying significance of the Mantiq-Ut-Tayr in his translation? By applying the theories of scholars in linguistics and translation studies, such as Derek Attridge, André Lefevere, Antoine Berman, Susan Bassnett, and Harish Trivedi; this research seeks to investigate the way FitzGerald rendered the Persian Masnavi—rhyming couplets—and the genre in established English norms. Thus, the present study might provide an interesting research field for developing a postcolonial methodology with regard to the rendition of the Mantiq-Ut-Tayr’s rhythm and rhyme in English. In fact, this research attempts to evaluate the change of meaning, comprehension, and above all the reception between the Persian text and the English translation of Attar’s masterpiece. Keywords: exception, metrics, rhythm, colonial approach, translation, Mantiq-Ut-Tayr. [1] The conference of the birds.

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47

Bratcher, James T. "Eliot's ‘Depraved May’: Potential Interest in Letters from Edward Fitzgerald to Fanny Kemble." Notes and Queries 55, no. 4 (October 8, 2008): 475–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/notesj/gjn129.

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48

Decker, C. "Edward Fitzgerald and Other Men's Flowers: Allusion in the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam." Literary Imagination 6, no. 2 (January 1, 2004): 213–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/litimag/6.2.213.

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49

Gahan, Daniel. ""Journey After My Own Heart": Lord Edward FitzGerald in America, 1788-1790." New Hibernia Review 8, no. 2 (2004): 85–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nhr.2004.0042.

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50

Anna Jane Barton. "Letters, Scraps of Manuscript, and Printed Poems: The Correspondence of Edward FitzGerald and Alfred Tennyson." Victorian Poetry 46, no. 1 (2008): 19–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/vp.0.0006.

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