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Sternberg, Robert J. "Ability tests, measurements, and markets." Journal of Educational Psychology 84, no. 2 (1992): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.84.2.134.
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Care, Esther, Erin Roberts, and Amanda Thomas. "Effects of language background on measures of ability of children in their first year of school." Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 26, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/aedp.26.1.20.
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AbstractThis report outlines the usefulness and appropriateness of three commonly used tests of ability for Preparatory level (Prep) children in Victoria, Australia, from non-English speaking backgrounds. Traditional school readiness and ability tests are dependent on knowledge of the English language, and thus may not be valid tools for assessing students with limited English proficiency. Tests that measure both verbal and nonverbal abilities were administered to 32 children, 14 from English speaking and 18 from non-English speaking backgrounds. Differences between the two groups of children are reported with a focus on interpretation in the context of effect of English language proficiency on performance. The results indicate that student performance on a variety of tests is constrained by English language knowledge, rather than by actual cognitive ability.
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Scheirs, J. G. M. "A Priori and A Posteriori Tests on Repeated Measurements." Educational Psychology 12, no. 1 (January 1992): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144341920120105.
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Oosterveld, Paul, and Johan Hoogstraten. "The Differential Predictive Validity of Two Measurements of Cognitive Ability." Perceptual and Motor Skills 82, no. 3 (June 1996): 817–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.82.3.817.
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In this study was compared the relative predictive power of an achievement test and a self-report questionnaire for cognitive abilities in the context of prediction of educational achievement. With average grades, the multiple correlation of scores on both tests administered to a sample of 232 pupils in secondary education showed only marginal differences.
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Zárate, Belizario A., Rachid El Hamdouni, and Tomás Fernández. "GNSS and RPAS Integration Techniques for Studying Landslide Dynamics: Application to the Areas of Victoria and Colinas Lojanas, (Loja, Ecuador)." Remote Sensing 13, no. 17 (September 3, 2021): 3496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13173496.
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This research tests the application of GNSS and RPAS techniques to the spatiotemporal analysis of landslide dynamics. Our method began by establishing non-permanent GNSS networks on the slope surfaces to perform periodic measurements by differential GNSS. Similarly, RPAS flights were made to acquire high-resolution images, which were oriented and georeferenced using ground control points and structure-from-motion algorithms to ultimately obtain digital surface models and orthophotos. Based on GNSS measurements, the direction and velocity of displacements were accurately calculated, and orthophotos and DSMs were used to calculate horizontal and vertical displacements in a set of significant points throughout the study area, reaching accuracies higher than 0.035 m in the GNSS data and 0.10 m in the RPAS data. These values were within the accuracy required for such studies. Based on the field observations and the results from the photogrammetric studies, the two studied landslides were classified as very slow flows. These techniques are the basis for establishing early warning systems in areas of natural hazards based on the calculation of displacement speeds of the surface of slopes.
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Ventura, C. E., A. J. Felber, and S. F. Stiemer. "Determination of the dynamic characteristics of the Colquitz River Bridge by full-scale testing." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 23, no. 2 (April 1, 1996): 536–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l96-058.
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This paper presents the results of full-scale tests performed at the Colquitz River Bridge near Victoria, British Columbia (B.C.), Canada, during September 1992 to determine the dynamic characteristics of the structure. The five-span bridge was completed in 1954 and is part of the Trans-Canada Highway. It is 82.68 m long and 11.89 m wide, and has six continuous steel girders supporting a 175 mm thick concrete deck. This particular bridge was chosen for testing because of its typical nature of many B.C. bridges, its location in an area of high seismic risk, and its excellent site accessibility. The tests included extensive measurements of ambient vibrations induced by traffic and other sources to determine the dynamic characteristics of the bridge. The most significant vertical and lateral mode shapes and associated periods of vibration were determined from vibration measurements at more than 50 different locations of the deck, piers, and abutments. Although a large amount of data were collected, they were quickly processed and analyzed with an innovative system developed at The University of British Columbia. One of the important features of this system is that it permits the identification of the principal modes of vibration immediately after the data have been collected. In addition to the ambient vibration tests, quick release pullback tests were conducted to verify modal frequencies determined from the ambient vibration tests and to determine the damping of the fundamental modes. These tests consisted of loading the bridge at a selected location with a force of about 90 kN and then releasing this load very quickly to induce free vibrations. The information obtained from the field tests was used to refine a computer finite element model of the bridge, which, in turn, was used to gain insight into the dynamic behaviour of specific components of the bridge. Further, this information was used later by the bridge owner to evaluate the bridge's expected response during an earthquake. Key words: steel bridges, dynamic response, full-scale tests.
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Budakova, Anna V., Maxim V. Likhanov, Teemu Toivainen, Alexey V. Zhurbitskiy, Elina O. Sitnikova, Elizaveta M. Bezrukova, and Yulia Kovas. "Measuring Spatial Ability for Talent Identification, Educational Assessment, and Support: Evidence from Adolescents with High Achievement in Science, Arts, and Sports." Psychology in Russia: State of the Art 14, no. 2 (2021): 59–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.11621/pir.2021.0205.
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Background. Spatial ability (SA) is a robust predictor of academic and occupational achievement. The present study investigated the psychometric properties of 10 tests for measuring of SA in a sample of talented schoolchildren. Objective. Our purpose was to identify the most suitable measurements for SA for the purpose of talent identification, educational assessment, and support. Design. Our sample consisted of 1479 schoolchildren who had demonstrated high achievement in Science, Arts, or Sports. Several criteria were applied to evaluate the measurements, including an absence of floor and ceiling effects, low redundancy, high reliability, and external validity. Results. Based on these criteria, we included the following four tests in an Online Short Spatial Ability Battery “OSSAB”: Pattern Assembly; Mechanical Reasoning; Paper Folding; and Shape Rotation. Further analysis found differences in spatial ability across the three groups of gifted adolescents. The Science track showed the highest results in all four tests. Conclusion. Overall, the study suggested that the Online Short Spatial Ability Battery (OSSAB) can be used for talent identification, educational assessment, and support. The analysis showed a unifactorial structure of spatial abilities. Future research is needed to evaluate the use of this battery with other specific samples and unselected populations.
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Jones, Patrice R., Sarah Voisin, Brendan J. Nolan, Shanie Landen, Macsue Jacques, Beau Newell, Sav Zwickl, et al. "Uncovering the effects of gender affirming hormone therapy on skeletal muscle and epigenetics: protocol for a prospective matched cohort study in transgender individuals (the GAME study)." BMJ Open 12, no. 5 (May 2022): e060869. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-060869.
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IntroductionGender affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) is increasingly used by transgender individuals and leads to shifts in sex hormone levels. Skeletal muscle is highly responsive to hormone activity, with limited data on the effects of GAHT on different human tissues. Here, we present the protocol for the GAME study (the effects of Gender Affirming hormone therapy on skeletal Muscle training and Epigenetics), which aims to uncover the effects of GAHT on skeletal muscle ‘omic’ profiles (methylomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics) and markers of skeletal muscle health and fitness.Methods and analysisThis study is a prospective age-matched cohort study in transgender adults commencing GAHT (n=80) and age-matched individuals not commencing GAHT (n=80), conducted at Austin Health and Victoria University in Victoria, Australia. Assessments will take place prior to beginning GAHT and 6 and 12 months into therapies in adults commencing GAHT. Age-matched individuals will be assessed at the same time points. Assessments will be divided over three examination days, involving (1) aerobic fitness tests, (2) muscle strength assessments and (3) collection of blood and muscle samples, as well as body composition measurements. Standardised diets, fitness watches and questionnaires will be used to control for key confounders in analyses. Primary outcomes are changes in aerobic fitness and muscle strength, as well as changes in skeletal muscle DNA methylation and gene expression profiles. Secondary outcomes include changes in skeletal muscle characteristics, proteomics, body composition and blood markers. Linear mixed models will be used to assess changes in outcomes, while accounting for repeated measures within participants and adjusting for known confounders.Ethics and disseminationThe Austin Health Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC) and Victoria University HREC granted approval for this study (HREC/77146/Austin-2021). Findings from this project will be published in open-access, peer-reviewed journals and presented to scientific and public audiences.Trial registration numberACTRN12621001415897; Pre-results.
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Ricordeau, Philippe, Pierre Durieux, Alain Weill, Gilles Chatellier, Nathalie Vallier, Alvine Bissery, Pierre Fender, and Hubert Allemand. "EFFECT OF A NATIONWIDE PROGRAM OF EDUCATIONAL OUTREACH VISITS TO IMPROVE THE PROCESSES OF CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 19, no. 4 (December 2003): 705–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462303000679.
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Objectives: To improve processes of ambulatory care for patients with type 2 diabetes in a nationwide program.Methods: Interrupted time-series analysis with audits of practice. To implement selected recommendations of national guidelines, educational outreach visits (office visits or phone discussions) were offered to all French physicians who diagnosed one case of type 2 diabetes during a six-month intervention period. Outcome measures were the number of HBA1c measurements recorded monthly in the medical insurance computer database and the proportion of diabetic patients for whom one test had been reimbursed during the previous six months (HBA1c, fasting blood glucose) or previous twelve months (serum cholesterol, serum creatinine, urine microalbumin, electrocardiogram, ophthalmologic examination).Results: A total of 15,522 office visits and 9,062 telephone discussions were performed among 22,940 physicians. The increase in the monthly proportion of the number of HBA1c tests to the total number of laboratory tests was higher during the intervention period than during the preintervention (p value<.0001) and postintervention periods (p value<.001). Between the first audit (n=651,574) and the third audit (n=911,871), HBA1c measurements increased from 41.2% to 60.5% and blood glucose measurements performed alone decreased from 38.8% to 18.7%. Urine microalbumin measurements increased from 10.6% before to 15.3% after intervention. Only a slight increase was observed for other tests.Conclusions: Physician to physician outreach visits can be an effective way to improve the processes of care for diabetes and to routinize nationwide use of practice guidelines.
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Nowak-Dzieszko, K., and T. Kisilewicz. "Internal particulate matter pollution in educational building." E3S Web of Conferences 172 (2020): 06008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017206008.
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The authors undertook research on the proper strategy of operation of educational building with gravitational ventilation in historic city center with high concentration of particulate matter PM10 and PM 2.5. In this facility the momentary increase in carbon dioxide concentration is often very high, and at the same time health requirements regarding atmospheric aerosol should be absolutely met. That is why long-term measurements of PM concentration outside and inside, as well as carbon dioxide concentration inside were carried out. CO2 was used also as a tracer gas for measurement of air change intensity. The article presents the first results of these tests and a correlation that occurs between the external and internal concentration of particulate matter PM 10 and PM 2.5. Due to a significant filtration effect of the external building envelope and particle deposition a potential conflict between required gravitational ventilation intensity and internal air pollution with particulate matters was partially reduced.
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Reisberg, Kirkke, Eva-Maria Riso, and Jaak Jürimäe. "Physical fitness in preschool children in relation to later body composition at first grade in school." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): e0244603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244603.
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BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate whether better physical fitness in kindergarten predicts later healthier body composition in first grade at school.MethodsBody composition was assessed by skinfold thickness measurements. Physical fitness tests included 20 m shuttle run test, handgrip strength test, standing long jump test, 4x10 m shuttle run test as part of PREFIT fitness test battery, and one-leg stance test from EUROFIT test battery. The participants of this study were 147 Estonian children (51% boys) aged 6–8 years, who were measured in the transition from kindergarten to school.ResultsAfter adjusting for maternal body mass index, educational attainment, child’s sex, age at the measurements, greater cardiovascular and motor fitness, relative lower body strength, static balance at 6.6 yr were associated with lower fat mass index, fat mass percentage at 12-month follow-up. The relative lower body strength above the median at 6.6 yr were related to lower fat mass index and fat mass percentage at 12-month follow-up, while the static balance test results demonstrated the opposite associations. Improvements in the 4x10 m shuttle run test results during the 12-month follow-up period were associated with the most beneficial changes in body composition status, such as increases in fat-free mass index and decreases in fat mass index, fat mass percentage, waist-to-height ratio after adjusting for maternal body mass index, educational attainment, child’s sex, age, at the measurements and baseline values of exposures.ConclusionBetter physical fitness tests results at 6.6 yr in kindergarten generally predicted lower body fat parameters in children at 7.6 yr in first grade at school.
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Balluerka, Nekane, Ian Plewis, Arantxa Gorostiaga, and José-Luis Padilla. "Examining Sources of DIF in Psychological and Educational Assessment Using Multilevel Logistic Regression." Methodology 10, no. 2 (September 1, 2014): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1614-2241/a000076.
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In the last three decades, important progress has been made toward more efficient statistical techniques for detecting Differential Item Functioning (DIF). However, the findings are scant when it comes to explaining DIF. Multilevel regression models can expand the knowledge of DIF causes, specifying a DIF parameter that varies randomly over items and testing hypotheses on sources of DIF shared by item bundles. The present study uses multilevel logistic regression to identify the item characteristics that could explain the presence of DIF in short tests or questionnaires, which are usually used in psychological and educational assessment. The usefulness of the approach is tested on measurements of the attitudes toward science of Spanish and English pupils obtained from the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment database.
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Alyahya, Dalia, and Nada Almutairi. "The Impact of Electronic Tests on Students’ Performance Assessment." International Education Studies 12, no. 5 (April 29, 2019): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ies.v12n5p109.
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This study has aimed to measure the effect of electronic tests on the academic achievements of middle school students in Arabic course. The sample has been divided into two groups; the experimental group and the non-experimental group after using the mixed experimental method. Statistical measurements had been used before, and after, the experiment for both groups; whereas, study tools were consisted of achievements test and focus group. The results have assured the existence of statistical differences between the experimental group and non-experimental group in the (language classification) category marks. The results have shown no statistical differences on the audio comprehension, reading comprehension, writing, handwriting skills, language style, grammatical function and writing expression categories marks, which give preferences to use the electronic test rather than the traditional (pen and paper) test. The study has concluded that teachers must be encouraged to perform continuous evaluation throughout the academic semester by applying electronic tests. They must emphasize on the importance of grounding rules and regulations to apply electronic tests in the educational institutions.
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Glas, Cees A. W. "Item response theory in educational assessment and evaluation." Mesure et évaluation en éducation 31, no. 2 (May 13, 2014): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1025005ar.
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Item response theory provides a useful and theoretically well-founded framework for educational measurement. It supports such activities as the construction of measurement instruments, linking and equating measurements, and evaluation of test bias and differential item functioning. It further provides underpinnings for item banking and flexible test administration designs, such as multiple matrix sampling, flexi-level testing, and computerized adaptive testing. First, a concise introduction to the principles of IRT models is given. The models discussed pertain to dichotomous items (items that are scored as either correct or incorrect) and polytomous items (items with partial credit scoring, such as most types of openended questions and performance assessments). Second, it is shown how an IRT measurement model can be enhanced with a structural model, such as, for instance, an analysis of variance model, to relate data from achievement and ability tests to students’ background variables, such as socio-economic status, intelligence or cultural capital, to school variables, and to features of the schooling system. Two applications are presented. The first one pertains to equating and linking of assessments, and the second one to a combination of an IRT measurement model and a multilevel linear model useful in school effectiveness research.
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Martín-Garín, Alexander, José Antonio Millán-García, Juan María Hidalgo-Betanzos, Rufino Javier Hernández-Minguillón, and Abderrahmane Baïri. "Airtightness Analysis of the Built Heritage–Field Measurements of Nineteenth Century Buildings through Blower Door Tests." Energies 13, no. 24 (December 20, 2020): 6727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13246727.
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Airtightness is a major issue in architectural design and it has a significant impact on the energy performance of buildings. Moreover, the energy behaviour of built heritage is due, to its singular characteristics, still a great unknown. The aim of this study is to establish a better knowledge of the airtightness of historical buildings, based on an in depth field study using blower-door tests. A set of 37 enclosures were analyzed inside eight buildings located in historical areas of a Spanish city with a significant built heritage. They were constructed between 1882 and 1919 and include diverse construction typologies applied for many building uses such as residential, cultural, educational, administrative and emblematic. The results indicate lower values compared to other previous airtightness studies of historical buildings. The average air change rate was found to be n50 = 9.03 h−1 and the airtightness of the enclosures presented a wide range of between 0.68 and 37.12 h−1. Three main levels of airtightness were identified with two thirds of the tested samples belonging to the intermediate level between 3–20 h−1. To conclude, several correlations have been developed which provide a method to estimate air leakage and could serve as a basis for energy performance studies of these kinds of building.
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Sezgin, Gorkem, Andrew Georgiou, Rae-Anne Hardie, Ling Li, Lisa G. Pont, Tony Badrick, Guilherme S. Franco, et al. "Compliance with pathology testing guidelines in Australian general practice: protocol for a secondary analysis of electronic health record data." BMJ Open 8, no. 11 (November 2018): e024223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024223.
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IntroductionIn Australia, general practitioners usually are the first point of contact for patients with non-urgent medical conditions. Appropriate and efficient utilisation of pathology tests by general practitioners forms a key part of diagnosis and monitoring. However overutilisationand underutilisation of pathology tests have been reported across several tests and conditions, despite evidence-based guidelines outlining best practice in pathology testing. There are a limited number of studies evaluating the impact of these guidelines on pathology testing in general practice. The aim of our quantitative observational study is to define how pathology tests are used in general practice and investigate how test ordering practices align with evidence-based pathology guidelines.Methods and analysisAccess to non-identifiable patient data will be obtained through electronic health records from general practices across three primary health networks in Victoria, Australia. Numbers and characteristics of patients, general practices, encounters, pathology tests and problems managed over time will be described. Overall rates of encounters and tests, alongside more detailed investigation between subcategories (encounter year, patient’s age, gender, and location and general practice size), will also be undertaken. To evaluate how general practitioner test ordering coincides with evidence-based guidelines, five key candidate indicators will be investigated: full blood counts for patients on clozapine medication; international normalised ratio measurements for patients on warfarin medication; glycated haemoglobin testing for monitoring patients with diabetes; vitamin D testing; and thyroid function testing.Ethics and disseminationEthics clearance to collect data from general practice facilities has been obtained by the data provider from the RACGP National Research and Evaluation Ethics Committee (NREEC 17–008). Approval for the research group to use these data has been obtained from Macquarie University (5201700872). This study is funded by the Australian Government Department of Health Quality Use of Pathology Program (Agreement ID: 4-2QFVW4M). Findings will be reported to the Department of Health and disseminated in peer-reviewed academic journals and presentations (national and international conferences, industry forums).
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Rawlings, L. "54. CAPITALISING ON THE UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY OF THE HPV VACCINE, FOR A CERVICAL SCREENING PROGRAM." Sexual Health 4, no. 4 (2007): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/shv4n4ab54.
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The medical advancement of the human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine and it's swift addition to the National Immunisation Program, caused a sudden surge in the public's awareness and interest in HPV. The challenge for PapScreen Victoria, a state based cervical screening program, was to react quickly and strategically to ensure that this new knowledge did not prevent women from having Pap tests. PapScreen pre-empted that the vaccine would have a huge impact on the current program, and undertook an educational journey to identify issues. The program sought expert opinions, formulated new partnerships in the immunisation sector and examined the current research. The program identified that its role was to inform women about HPV and the importance to continue screening in this new era of HPV vaccination. In the prevention of cervical cancer, there was also a role to inform health professionals, parents and young women about the benefits of the vaccine. The challenge was capatilising on the unique opportunity that the vaccine created. Developing and implementing strategies quickly was paramount in the program's success on capitalising this interest. Across three main areas - community, communications and research - the program implemented a range of strategies, including new resources, media opportunities, formative research and education, among others. PapScreen's aim was to remain the prime source of information for the prevention of cervical cancer in Victoria. The success of these strategies has been profound and immunisation messages are now included in all program messages across a range of sectors. The program was able to capitalise on this unique occasion by being flexible, proactive and strategically adaptable to the public health environment.
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Reisen, Fabienne, Jacinta Cooper, Jennifer C. Powell, Christopher Roulston, and Amanda J. Wheeler. "Performance and Deployment of Low-Cost Particle Sensor Units to Monitor Biomass Burning Events and Their Application in an Educational Initiative." Sensors 21, no. 21 (October 29, 2021): 7206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21217206.
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Biomass burning smoke is often a significant source of airborne fine particles in regional areas where air quality monitoring is scarce. Emerging sensor technology provides opportunities to monitor air quality on a much larger geographical scale with much finer spatial resolution. It can also engage communities in the conversation around local pollution sources. The SMoke Observation Gadget (SMOG), a unit with a Plantower dust sensor PMS3003, was designed as part of a school-based Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) project looking at smoke impacts in regional areas of Victoria, Australia. A smoke-specific calibration curve between the SMOG units and a standard regulatory instrument was developed using an hourly data set collected during a peat fire. The calibration curve was applied to the SMOG units during all field-based validation measurements at several locations and during different seasons. The results showed strong associations between individual SMOG units for PM2.5 concentrations (r2 = 0.93–0.99) and good accuracy (mean absolute error (MAE) < 2 μg m−3). Correlations of the SMOG units to reference instruments also demonstrated strong associations (r2 = 0.87–95) and good accuracy (MAE of 2.5–3.0 μg m−3). The PM2.5 concentrations tracked by the SMOG units had a similar response time as those measured by collocated reference instruments. Overall, the study has shown that the SMOG units provide relevant information about ambient PM2.5 concentrations in an airshed impacted predominantly by biomass burning, provided that an adequate adjustment factor is applied.
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Dębska, Luiza, and Anita Białek. "Lighting conditions as the occupational health related issue – case study." MATEC Web of Conferences 354 (2022): 00059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202235400059.
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The paper deals with the important element of proper lighting conditions at a workplace. The case study has been focused on the intelligent building “Energis” of Kielce University of Technology, where the experimental tests took place. Several groups of volunteers filled in the questionnaires related to their subjective feelings of lighting conditions in lecture rooms at different seasons. Simultaneously, precise measurements of lighting intensity were carried out. The comparison of the expressions of the room users and the measurements enabled to draw conclusions about the conditions provided in the intelligent building related to lighting. The study provides valuable information of lighting conditions in the modern, intelligent buildings which are more and more common throughout the world and serve various purposes such as office, educational or other public utility buildings.
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Casey, Leo M. "The Will to Quantify: The “Bottom Line” in the Market Model of Education Reform." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 115, no. 9 (September 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811311500905.
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Background/Context There is a deep and yawning chasm between the world of tests and testing practices as they ought to be and the actual tests and testing practices now imposed on American students, educators, and schools. That chasm of theory and practice is a function of the dominant paradigm of educational reform, with its theory of action that schools must be remade in the image and likeness of a corporation. Purpose To explore the role, development, and implications of assessment use in the market model of education reform. Research Design Analysis of the recent publication of the value-added measurements found in the Teacher Data Reports of the New York City Department of Education. Conclusions Since standardized tests provide data for a “bottom line,” they have been widely embraced in some circles as a basis for making “high stakes” decisions that hold individuals and schools accountable. In the market model of education reform, questions about the validity and reliability of the tests and of their use for “high stakes” decisions are dismissed as efforts to avoid accountability.
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Gordon-Brannan, Mary, and Barbara Williams Hodson. "Intelligibility/Severity Measurements of Prekindergarten Children’s Speech." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 9, no. 2 (May 2000): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360.0902.141.
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Intelligibility/severity measurements were obtained for 48 prekindergarten children with varying levels of phonological proficiency/ deficiency. The measure used as the “standard” was percentage of words understood (i.e., orthographically transcribed correctly) in continuous speech in a known context by unfamiliar trained listeners. The children were divided into four groups based on the percentage of words understood from their continuous speech samples. The ranges of intelligibility for each group were: (a) 91–100% for children with “adult-like” speech; (b) 83–90% for children in the “mild” category; (c) 68–81% for children with moderate intelligibility/speech involvement; and (d) 16–63% for the 12 children in the “severe” (i.e., least intelligible) category. When the percentages of the children in the severe group were excluded, the range of the top three groups combined was 68–100% and the mean was 85%. For a child 4 years of age or older, any percentage of words understood in connected speech that falls below 66% (2 standard deviations below the mean) may be a potential indicator of speech difficulty. In addition, data were obtained from the 48 children to determine the correlations between the standard measure and the following intelligibility/severity measures: (a) imitated sentences, (b) imitated words, (c) listener ratings of intelligibility, and (d) phonological deviation averages. All five measures, including the standard measure, investigated in this study were strongly intercorrelated. Multiple regression analysis results yielded a prediction model that included listener ratings and imitated sentences measures. Results of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), univariate analysis, and post-hoc Bonferroni tests indicated that differences between all pairs of groups were significant for the listener rating measure based on the continuous speech sample. For the percentage of words understood in continuous speech samples, the differences between all pairs of groups, except between the adult-like and mild groups, were also significant. The only group that differed significantly from the other three groups for all five measures was the severe group.
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А.А., Huseynova, and Vashchinnikova K.D. "IMPACT ASSESSMENT ON LEARNING MOTIVATION IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE COMPETENCE APPROACH IN EDUCATION." “Educational bulletin “Consciousness” 22, no. 9 (September 22, 2020): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2686-6846-2020-22-9-28-34.
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Turning to the new educational paradigm, the research paper considers the conditions for ensuring the effective-ness of authentic assessment of students ' achievements within the competence approach and the transition from traditional knowledge control to tests developed on the basis of the theory of pedagogical measurements. Special attention is paid to independent assessment as a tool for stimulating learning activities, as well as to the justifica-tion of the pattern design method used in the develop-ment of measurement tools. The experimental basis of the study is based on the results of an independent assess-ment of educational achievements of students of the sen-ior level of secondary vocational education in social studies in several educational organizations. As a result of the survey of participants in independent testing, the formation of a stable positive learning motivation is not-ed. The relationship with the assessment of the impact on educational motivation is confirmed by the respondents ' attitude to the authentic assessment procedure on the part of participants in the assessment process: school-children, teachers, and parents. As a result, it was re-vealed that all subjects of the educational process evalu-ate the impact of the proposed method of assessment on educational motivation from a positive side.
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Ralph, Vanessa R., and Scott E. Lewis. "Introducing randomization tests via an evaluation of peer-led team learning in undergraduate chemistry courses." Chemistry Education Research and Practice 21, no. 1 (2020): 287–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9rp00187e.
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The methodological limitations education researchers face in the evaluation of reformed instruction have led to debates as to the evidence advancing evidence-based practices. To conduct more effective research, methodological pluralism in the evaluation of educational reforms can be used to complement the strengths and limitations of a corpus of literature informing the impact of an evidence-based practice. This study seeks to introduce randomization tests, a nonparametric statistical analysis incorporating a random-assignment component that can be applied to a single-subject (N = 1) research design, as a methodology to be counted amongst evaluations of instructional reforms. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, an evaluation of peer-led team learning (PLTL) for classes of second-semester general chemistry spanning 7 semesters was conducted using randomization tests. The design contributes novel understandings of PLTL including differences in effectiveness across instructors, trends in effectiveness over time, and a perspective as to the appropriateness of assumptions concerning statistical independence when applied to educational settings. At the research setting, four instructors (each constituting an individual case) alternated implementing lecture-based instruction and PLTL by term. Across these four instructors, the treatment effects of peer-led team learning when compared to lecture-based instruction ranged in impact (from d = 0.233 to 2.09). For two instructors, PLTL provided a means by which to significantly reduce the differential performances observed of students with variable preparations in mathematics, thereby advancing the equitability of their courses. Implications of this work include the incorporation of single-subject research designs in establishing evidence-based instructional practices, the effectiveness of PLTL as interpreted in a methodologically pluralistic context of the research literature, and enacting measurements of equity when gauging the success of instructional reforms in science. Further, this introduction to randomization tests offers another methodology for the evaluation of instructional reforms more widely applicable in educational settings with smaller sample sizes (e.g., reforms conducted within a single classroom or upper-level courses with small class sizes).
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Miyaç Göktepe, Meral, and Mehmet Günay. "The effects of proprioceptive exercise programme given to female footballers their on balance, proprioceptive sense and functional performance." Journal of Human Sciences 16, no. 3 (December 23, 2019): 1051–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v16i4.5824.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to investigate the effects of proprioceptive exercise programme given to female football players on their balance, proprioceptive sense and functional performance. 27 female licenced footballers in Balıkesir who had been training regularly for 5 years were included in the research. The footballers were divided into two groups- namely, 14 educational groups. The two-step pre-test and post-test method of the athletes was performed on. Accordingly, on day one bodily weight, height measurements were made. On day two athletes’ static balance and proprioceptive sense measurements were made. On day three the athletes were asked to have a rest. On day four they were given 5, 10 and 20- metre speed and agility tests (Illinois, T test). On day five, the participants were given vertical jump tests. On day six the athletes in the educational group were given a 6-week, 3 days a week proprioceptive exercise programme in addition to their routine training programme. At the end of week 6, the 5-day measurements were repeated and the activity was terminated.
Data analysis, Wilcoxon test was performed to analyse the changes occurring in the pre-test and post-test measurements in the control and the educational groups. The paired comparisons between the groups were made through Mann-Whitney U test. The findings demonstrated that there were significant differences in the pre-test-post-test and static balance scores of the female footballers in the educational group who were given proprioceptive educational programme (p<0.05) and that there were partially significant differences in their proprioceptive sense scores. In the control group, however, no significant differences were found in static balance scores and in the values of proprioceptive sense footballers in the educational group and the footballers in the control group in terms of their vertical jump and speed scores (p>0.05). An examination of the agility tests of the educational group indicated that there were statistically significant differences (p<0.05). Yet, no significant differences were found in the values of the agility tests of the control group (p>0.05). In conclusion, it may be stated that giving proprioceptive programme to female footballers is influential in improving their static balance and agility performance, that it had partially positive effects on proprioceptive sense and that it does not cause significant improvement in their vertical jumping and speed performance.
Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.
Özet
Bu çalışma kadın futbolculara uygulanan proprioseptif egzersiz programının, denge, proprioseptif duyu ve fonksiyonel performans üzerine etkisini araştırmak amacı ile yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya, Balıkesir’de futbol lisansına sahip ve son 5 yıl düzenli olarak antrenman yapan 27 kadın futbolcu katıldı. Futbolcular 14 eğitim ve 13 kontrol grubu olarak iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Sporcuların iki basamaklı ön test-son test yöntemi kullanılarak parametreleri alındı. Çalışmamızda; 1. Gün; Sporculara vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu ölçümleri yapıldı. 2. Gün; Sporculara statik denge, proprioseptif duyu ölçümleri yapıldı. 3. Gün; Sporcuların dinlenmeleri istendi. 4. Gün; Sporculara 5, 10, 20 metre hız ve çeviklik (illinois, T testleri) yapıldı. 5. Gün; Sporculara dikey sıçrama testleri yapıldı. 6. Gün eğitim grubundaki sporculara rutin antrenman programlarına ek olarak 6 hafta sürecek şekilde haftada 3 gün proprioseptif egzersiz programını uygulandı. Kontrol grubun ise normal günlük yaşantı ve antrenman programlarına 6 hafta devam etmeleri sağlandı. 6 hafta sonunda yine 5 gün süren ölçümler aynen tekrar edildi ve çalışma sonlandırıldı. Verierin analizinde, kontrol ve eğitim gruplarının ön test ve son test ölçümlerinde meydana gelen değişimleri incelemek için Wilcoxon testi yapıldı. Gruplar arası ikili karşılaştırmalar Mann-Whitney U testi ile yapıldı. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; proprioseptif eğitim programı uygulanan eğitim grubu kadın futbolcuların ön test-son test, statik denge skorlarında anlamlı farklılığın olduğu (p<0.05), proprioseptif duyu skorlarında kısmen anlamlı farklılığın olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kontrol grubundaki futbolcuların ise statik denge skorları ve proprioseptif duyu değerleri için istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır. Eğitim grubu ve kontrol grubundaki futbolcuların dikey sıçrama ve hız değerleri için istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır (p>0,05). Eğitim grubu çeviklik testleri değerlerine baktığımızda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Kontrol grubu çeviklik testleri değerleri için ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır (p>0,05). Sonuç olarak, kadın futbolcularda, proprioseptif eğitim programı uygulamasının statik denge ve çeviklik performansını iyileştirmede etkili olduğu, proprioseptif duyuya kısmen olumlu düzeyde etki ettiği, dikey sıçrama ile hız performanslarında ise anlamlı düzeyde iyileşmenin olmadığı söylenebilir.
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Ahmadu, Baba Usman, Joshua Danji Solomon, Fate Bala Zira, Abdallah Joda Aisha, Musa Rimamchika, and Ahmad Ibrahim. "Compliance and Usability of Weber and Rinne’s Tests For Audio Acuity Among Primary School Children From a Health Resource Poor Community." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 33, no. 2 (October 7, 2013): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i2.7673.
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Background: Normal auditory acuity is needed for transmission and reception of speech between teachers and students, and from student to student for effective communication and learning. Hearing impairment in school children will potentially cause difficulty perceiving speech clearly in the educational environment. Materials and Methods: Auditory acuity measurements were conducted on 300 primary school children using the Weber and Rinne’s tests. Results: Nearly all the children 292 (97.3%) had good hearing. Eight (2.7%) had ipsilateral conduction hearing impairment. Of these, 5 (62.5%) occurred on the right and 3 (37.5%) on the left ear; they were referred to the otorynolaryngologist for further evaluation and management. Conclusion: Our subjects demonstrated high compliance to Weber and Rinne’s tests which were found to be usable in screening hearing impairment in school children. These tests can be incorporated into the school health programmes in resource poor countries where high tech hearing screening facilities are not readily affordable and available. In addition, the test can be conducted at primary health centers thereby decongesting both secondary and tertiary health facilities. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i2.7673 J Nepal Paediatr Soc. 2013; 33(2):95-98
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Kelly, Anthony E., and Angela O'Donnell. "Hypertext and the Study Strategies of Preservice Teachers: Issues in Instructional Hypertext Design." Journal of Educational Computing Research 10, no. 4 (June 1994): 373–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/um4g-fwy1-5wv4-y15w.
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It is a methodological challenge to study students' review of their lecture notes. First, the quality of their notes may vary considerably. Second, students review their notes with little monitoring or feedback. A hypertext program monitored the lecture note review strategies of individuals and dyads following two lectures about tests and measurements. It noted which concepts students sought at what level of detail, which content themes they favored, and which relationships among topics they pursued. Dyads' strategies were more comprehensive than the individuals' and were more directed at extracting elaborative and hierarchically structured information. The study replicated earlier findings that students did not learn well from lectures. This study also demonstrated how computers may aid in data collection in educational settings.
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Salamanca, Carolina, and Sara I. Montoya. "Using CLIL Approach to Improve English Language in a Colombian Higher Educational Institution." English Language Teaching 11, no. 11 (October 9, 2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v11n11p19.
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In Colombia, the development of communicative skills of English as a foreign language in students of Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) is considered as a priority so the professionals can face the challenges of a globalized world. This project aimed to determine the effectiveness of using CLIL approach through the academic subjects in first learning level students of a Nursing program. The research had a mixed quasi experimental design of a control group not equivalent with measurements before and after CLIL interventions, which consisted in accompanying and guidance to six teachers who instruct the seven subjects of the academic program in which the experimental group was. Along 17 applications designed from the 4C’s (Content, Cognition, Communication and Culture), and the methodology collaborative work, students showed a significant progress in using communicative and cognitive abilities according with the development performances. The used tests to evaluate students’ English level showed from the statistical data analysis, applying T-student test, that initiating the process the mean of the control group was significantly higher than the mean of the experimental group, and posteriorly to CLIL approach applications, a mean improvement of the experimental group was observed becoming statistically similar to the mean of the control group. The research results provide a pedagogical path to strengthen bilingualism processes and to contribute with graduate’s communicative competences in a foreign language.
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Hacatrjana, Liena. "Flexibility to Change the Solution: An Indicator of Problem Solving That Predicted 9th Grade Students’ Academic Achievement during Distance Learning, in Parallel to Reasoning Abilities and Parental Education." Journal of Intelligence 10, no. 1 (January 27, 2022): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence10010007.
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The relation between academic achievement and various measurements of cognitive abilities, problem-solving skills and self-managed learning has been established in the research before the COVID-19 pandemic and distance learning. The aim of the current research was to analyze the extent to which these aspects predicted the educational achievement of 9th grade students (mean age 15.4 years) during distance learning, when students had to do relatively more tasks independently, organize their daily learning and deal with problems on their own. Relations between self-assessed problem-solving skills, self-management skills, tests of reasoning abilities and the results of diagnostic tests in Mathematics and Latvian were analyzed for n = 256 and n = 244 students, respectively. The results show that: (1) diagnostic test results in Mathematics are best predicted by the parental education level, fluid nonverbal reasoning and verbal reasoning; (2) the best predictors for the results in the diagnostic test in Latvian are parental education, flexibility to change the solution, fluid nonverbal reasoning and verbal reasoning; (3) self-management cannot significantly predict the results of either of the two tests, although it correlates to the results of the tests in both Mathematics and Latvian; (4) only one of the aspects of problem-solving, flexibility to change the solution, can significantly predict results in diagnostic tests. The results confirm the significance of cognitive abilities as an important predictor of academic achievement, as well as the role of parents’ education level. The results also suggest that the flexibility to change the solution, an aspect of problem-solving, might play a role in students’ success in academic tests.
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Chatzimichail, Theodora, and Aristides T. Hatjimihail. "A Software Tool for Exploring the Relation between Diagnostic Accuracy and Measurement Uncertainty." Diagnostics 10, no. 9 (August 19, 2020): 610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10090610.
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Screening and diagnostic tests are used to classify people with and without a disease. Diagnostic accuracy measures are used to evaluate the correctness of a classification in clinical research and practice. Although this depends on the uncertainty of measurement, there has been limited research on their relation. The objective of this work was to develop an exploratory tool for the relation between diagnostic accuracy measures and measurement uncertainty, as diagnostic accuracy is fundamental to clinical decision-making, while measurement uncertainty is critical to quality and risk management in laboratory medicine. For this reason, a freely available interactive program was developed for calculating, optimizing, plotting and comparing various diagnostic accuracy measures and the corresponding risk of diagnostic or screening tests measuring a normally distributed measurand, applied at a single point in time in non-diseased and diseased populations. This is done for differing prevalence of the disease, mean and standard deviation of the measurand, diagnostic threshold, standard measurement uncertainty of the tests and expected loss. The application of the program is illustrated with a case study of glucose measurements in diabetic and non-diabetic populations. The program is user-friendly and can be used as an educational and research tool in medical decision-making.
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Jokić, Dejan, Slobodan Lubura, Milica Ristović, Stevan Stankovski, Vladimir Rajs, and Harun Šiljak. "What’s in the Box: Design of an Open Didactic Robot Environment." Electronics 9, no. 12 (December 8, 2020): 2090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9122090.
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We present a realization of a didactic robot environment for robot PUMA 560 for educational and research purposes. Robot PUMA 560 is probably the mathematically best-described robot, and therefore it is frequently used for research and educational purposes. A developed control environment consists of a robot controller and teach pendant. The advantage of using a personally developed solution is its open structure, which allows various tests and measurements to be performed, and that is highly convenient for educational and research purposes. The motivation behind the design of this personal didactic robot control environment arose from a survey for students after the first Summer School on Mechatronic Systems. The student questionnaire revealed severe discrepancies between theory and practice in education. Even though the primary purpose of the new control environment for robot PUMA 560 was research, it was established that it is a viable lab resource that allows for the connection between theoretical and industrial robotics. It was used for the duration of four Summer Schools and university courses. Since then, it has been fully integrated into International Burch University’s Electrical and Electronics Engineering curriculum through several courses on the bachelor and master levels for multidisciplinary problem-based learning (PBL) projects.
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Darmawan, Marten, Christian William, and Harjadi Gunawan. "Experimental Investigation of Simple-Built and Low-Speed Water Tunnel as a Platform for Studying Fluid Flow Using PIV Measurements." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 19, no. 3 (September 15, 2022): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jmeche.v19i3.19801.
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We present a thorough experimental investigation of a simple-built low-speed water tunnel that could facilitate the study of some of the primary fluid dynamic concepts based on quantitative flow measurements using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The water tunnel system is designed and built using a simple arrangement of a double reservoir tank and a centrifugal pump that drives the fluid flow at low speed into a square cross-sectional and relatively short test section. The study shows that the system reasonably and steadily generates fully developed flows inside the test section with <20% of point velocity variations. Based on the fluid-structure tests, it is also observed that the system could produce moderately consistent boundary layer separation phenomena with the variance of the area mean vorticity within 25%. With this performance, we show that the system fulfills the essential requirement to be used as a simple, easy-to-operate, and easy-to-maintain educational platform to study fluid dynamic phenomena related to the interaction of a static sub-merged object and fluid flow.
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Andreev, Viktor, Alexander Fominikh, Igor Konovalov, Alexander Morozov, and Alina Snegireva. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM AND PHYSICAL FITNESS OF SCHOOLCHILDREN AGED 13 TO 16 YEARS WITH CHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISORDERS AND THEIR HEALTHY PEERS." SCIENCE AND SPORT: current trends 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.36028/2308-8826-2020-8-4-33-39.
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Purpose of research. Comparative study of the cardiorespiratory activity and physical fitness of schoolchildren aged 13 to 16 years with chronic respiratory disorders and their healthy peers. Methods and organization of research. The research process included the following methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature with subsequent systematization of data, pedagogical observation, functional tests, pedagogical testing, anthropometric measurements, and mathematical statistics. Research results and discussion. This article contains the findings of a study investigating cardiorespiratory system and physical fitness of both male and female schoolchildren aged 13 to 16 years with chronic respiratory disorders. We carried out a comparative analysis of the obtained indicators of studied children and their peers without health problems. We applied the functional tests determining the activity of cardiorespiratory system to identify adaptive capacities of children to physical exercise. We used special tests to assess physical fitness. The study revealed that the cardiorespiratory activity and physical fitness levels of schoolchildren with chronic respiratory disorders are lower than the same parameters of their peers without health problems. Conclusion. Educational research aimed at investigating the functional state of cardiorespiratory system and physical fitness of schoolchildren with chronic respiratory disorders and their healthy peers revealed that the indicators of cardiorespiratory activity of schoolchildren with chronic respiratory disorders are significantly lower than the same parameters of their healthy peers.
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Rahmanian, Karamatollah, Mohammad Shojaei, Abdolreza Sotoodeh Jahromi, and Abdoulhossein Madani. "The Association Between Pre-Diabetes With Body Mass Index and Marital Status in an Iranian Urban Population." Global Journal of Health Science 8, no. 4 (July 31, 2015): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n4p95.
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<p>Pre-diabetes increased the development of diabetes mellitus (type 2). The aim of study was to determine the association of body weight, education and marital status with pre-diabetes in an Iranian urban population.A sample of 788 subjects (360 men and 428 women) between the ages 30–85 years participated in our study and anthropometric measurements, educational level and fasting blood sugar of participants were recorded. The t and Chi square tests were used for continuous and categorical variables. The association of age, BMI categories, educational level and marital status to pre-diabetes was assessed by estimating the odds ratio. A <em>p</em>-value ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. The analysis was done using SPSS version 11.5. Our study showed that pre-diabetic subjects were older and low educated than normoglycemic subjects. Mean BMI and educational level were associated to pre-diabetes only in women. The odds of being pre-diabetes also were higher in obese women than in normal BMI women. No relationship was found between education and marital status with pre-diabetes in both men and women. Based on our finding, it is possible that advancing age and obesity has increased in pre-diabetes. This highlights the importance of population based survey to monitor blood glucose for effective prevention and control.</p>
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Рушингина and Olga Rushingina. "THE USE OF TEST TECHNOLOGIES UNDER CONDITIONS OF TRANSITION TO COMPETENCE APPROACH." Standards and Monitoring in Education 1, no. 4 (September 16, 2013): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/955.
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The issues related to transition to the new educational standards are considered in this paper. The author characterizes two of new standards’ key concepts, such as competence and competence approach.
The problems of assessment system as one of education’s important components functioning as feedback are revealed. The assessment system is a kind of education system’s regulator. The author considers the students’ assessment problem taking into account the competence approach. The traditional system of students’ knowledge assessment that was formed even in the Soviet school, has undoubtedly rich experience, but by virtue of its organizational and technological particularities can’t meet the requirements of modern society. The information society development has led to emergence of such notions as “education monitoring” and “evaluation”, the main point of which is revealed by this paper’s author. These notions, including all education areas, are connected even with the problems of pedagogical measurements, in particular, with the studies related to test problematics. The tests in its development have gone from their total negation till the becoming of graduates’ state exam form. The author considers the test technologies, particularly the computer ones, as an eff ective assessment mean of educational competencies’ formation level.
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Et al., Afdal Afdal. "The TIRI: A Rasch-Validated Revision of Resilience for Victims of Natural Disasters." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (February 4, 2021): 4121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.1476.
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This article presents the validation of Taufik & Ifdil Resilienci Inventory (TIRI) in the context of post-natural disasters and in Indonesian. The quantitative research tests validity of TIRI with Rasch model analysis, TIRI is used to measure the resilience of students affected by natural disasters by the number items 43 and developed by the Indonesian Institute for Counseling, Education and Therapy (IICET) research team which is coordinated by the Research Center (Universitas Negeri Padang). This research was conducted 3 trials/cycle, all respondents per cycle were spread in 6 regencies in Kota in Indonesia. Instrument resilience for victims of natural disasters is valid and reliable (person reliability 0.68 and item reliability 0.99) with a total 25 items (Raw variance explained by measures = 23.5% with expected values of 24.3%) valid from the total items of 43 items, that means items already represent measurements for the resilience of victims of natural disasters.
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Aisah, Siti, Suhartini Ismail, and Ani Margawati. "Animated educational video using health belief model on the knowledge of anemia prevention among female adolescents: An intervention study." Malaysian Family Physician 17, no. 3 (October 18, 2022): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.51866/oa.136.
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Introduction: As the younger female generation, female adolescents should understand anaemia prevention. This study examined the effects of animated educational videos on the knowledge of anaemia prevention among female adolescents using the Health Belief Model (HBM). Methods: A quasi-experimental method with a randomised pre-test and post-test control group design was applied. Animated educational videos about anaemia prevention were used as the intervention. One hundred sixty-one female adolescents were recruited through multistage random sampling and divided into intervention (n=78) and control (n=83) groups. The intervention group received education via animated educational videos. The HBM questionnaire was used to measure the nine HBM indicators (r=0.8); the item categories were valid and reliable. Descriptive analyses, independent t-tests and repeated-measures ANOVA were used to analyse the data. Results: The animated educational videos played thrice significantly increased the knowledge of the intervention group (mean score: pre-test, 94; post-test one, 99; post-test two, 102). The scores for anaemia examination barriers (P=0.001), anaemia susceptibility (P=0.001), anaemia severity (P=0.001), anaemia prevention benefits (P=0.001), anaemia examination benefits (P=0.001), self-efficacy for obtaining iron tablets (P=0.001), self-recognition of anaemia signs and symptoms (P=0.001), signs of anaemia prevention (P=0.001) and health motivation (P=0.001) significantly changed. Meanwhile, the knowledge of the control group did not significantly increase (pre-test, 93; post-test one, 94; post-test two, 97). The intervention group had significantly higher mean scores in both the first and second measurements than the control group (P=0.05). Conclusion: Animated educational videos significantly increased the knowledge of anaemia prevention, including the nine HBM indicators.
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Rakov, Sergiy. "QUALITY OF UKRAINIAN EDUCATION ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF PISA 2018 AND THE OECD PROJECT "FUTURE OF EDUCATION AND SKILLS 2030"." Educational Analytics of Ukraine, no. 2 (2020): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.32987/2617-8532-2020-2-99-114.
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Since its inception in 2000, the international comparative survey of education quality PISA has become a globally recognized powerful lever for improving national education systems, determining their state and development trends according to internationally agreed indicators based on measurements using internationally agreed tools (tests and questionnaires) and procedures for preparation, administration and evaluation of results. In 2015, the OECD launched the "Future of Education and Skills 2030" project, aimed at developing the foundations for an effective education system for the future, the first phase of which culminated in 2019 with the creation of the OECD Learning Compass 2030, a conceptual framework for future school curricula and studying in a learner context. At the second stage, it is planned to create the foundations of effective educating in the context of a teacher. These documents should play the role of the foundation for making the PISA program better by improving, first of all, the PISA subject frameworks in the main domains: reading, mathematics and natural sciences. For the effective improvement of Ukraine's education system, it is important not only to analyse its current state, in particular, its PISA-2018 results, but also to pursue a long-term educational policy aimed at developing an educational model that is based on national educational and cultural achievements and traditions, and is also consistent with the developments of the OECD project "The Future of Education and Skills 2030". The article analyzes the key ideas of the OECD Learning Compass 2030 and discusses some issues of their implementation in the educational practice of Ukraine.
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Altay, Figen, and Kevser Bozkurt. "Assessment of Educational Game Materials and Poster Practices with Rubrics by Expert Educators and Students." Journal of Education and Training Studies 5, no. 13 (January 11, 2018): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v5i13.2855.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference between evaluations of the educational game materials and poster practices by students’ own peers and by expert educators using the rubrics created by expert educators and students together. Study included 10 students and 3 educators attended educational game materials course. Students were informed about basic skills of movement, game, game types, game equipment, analytical rubric, and educational game lectures were given to the students for 6 weeks and 80 minutes each week. 12-question knowledge test was used regarding educational games, analytical scoring rubrics, developing game materials and preparing posters. Materials and posters presented in the course were recorded. Evaluation scales were selected by students and expert teachers. Selected peers and educators evaluated 25 videos. One-way analysis of variance and correlation analysis were used for the reliability and repeatability measurements of the students and teachers. R values of 0.96-0.92 were found between students and 0.78-0.86 between educators. For knowledge tests of the groups, according to Wilcoxon paired two-sample test, there was a significant difference in test results (p<.05). The t test was used in the results of the student and educator video evaluations and there was no significant difference between the scores given by the expert educators and the students to the material and poster presentations (p>.05). In conclusion, this study showed that students could make evaluations as good as expert educators when given an answer key such as a scoring rubric that will help them in the evaluation.
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Kosareva, I. A., A. A. Romanov, and R. M. Nigay. "PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN TRANSPORT VOCATIONAL EDUCATION." World of Transport and Transportation 16, no. 2 (April 28, 2018): 246–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2018-16-2-23.
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For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version). ABSTRACT The article is devoted to the study of physical performance in the railway college. The authors propose a computer program written by them for this purpose, the novelty of which is that it determines, through control measurements and test checks, physical performance of a student in relation to his future specialization. Moreover, during the entire training period (3-4 years), it is possible to make adjustments to the plan of physical education with the student depending on his indicators and thereby contribute both to overall professional training and development of those individual qualities that will help to strengthen the physical potential of the graduate of the industry educational institution. Keywords: railway transport, college, physical performance, students, physical efficiency, fitness, medical groups, computer program, tests.
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Nurfadilah H, Siti, Madarina Julia, and Riris Andono Ahmad. "Aktivitas fisik dan screen based activity pada remaja di Wates." Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat 33, no. 7 (July 1, 2017): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/bkm.17879.
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PurposeThe purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between physical activity and screen based activity with sleep patterns in adolescents.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among junior high school students in August 2016. Samples were 536 respondents selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected through interviews with a structured questionnaire, and measurements of height and waist circumference. Data analyses used chi-square, mann-whitney and logistic regression tests to explore factors associated with sleep pattern.ResultsOut off 536 respondents, poor sleep quality (34.5%) and short sleep duration (45.3%) happened among female adolescents. There was a significant correlation between screen based activity with sleep quality in adolescents. Physical activity had a significant relationship with sleep duration.ConclusionPhysical activity and SBA was associated with adolescent sleep patterns. Appropriate educational promotions by the Kulon Progo education authorities should be conducted to provide information about the importance of adequate sleep.
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Mcphee, Stephen J., Joyce Adair Bird, Ngoc-The Ha, Christopher N. H. Jenkins, Don Fordham, and Bich Le. "Pathways to Early Cancer Detection for Vietnamese Women: Suc Khoe La Vang! (Health is Gold!)." Health Education Quarterly 23, no. 1_suppl (December 1996): 60–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109019819602301s06.
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To promote breast and cervical screening among Vietnamese women, a neighborhood-based intervention was developed that included small-group education, distribution of Vietnamese-language educational materials, and health fairs. The rationale for these modes of intervention is described. A pretest/posttest controlled trial is used to evaluate the intervention. San Francisco, California, is the experimental community; Sacramento, California, is the comparison community. The study hypothesizes that postintervention measurements of screening rates will reflect significantly greater increases among women in the experimental community than in the comparison community. This article reports results from the 1992 baseline household survey of 306 Vietnamese women in San Francisco and of 339 Vietnamese women in Sacramento. There were no significant differences in screening rates between the two communities. Only 50-54% of women had received routine checkups; 44-55%, mammograms; 40-45%, clinical breast examinations; 40-46%, Pap smear tests; and 58-65%, pelvic examinations.
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Osbeck, Christina, Olof Franck, Annika Lilja, Karin Sporre, and Johan Tykesson. "Abilities, knowledge requirements and national tests in RE – The Swedish case as an example in the outcome-focused school and society of today." Zeitschrift für Pädagogik und Theologie 70, no. 4 (December 19, 2018): 397–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zpt-2018-0056.
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AbstractThe aim of this article is to present the system that governs Swedish RE in terms of curricular requirements, national tests and their outcomes, and discuss this in light of the current critical debate on an outcome-focused school, as well as the debate on the need for ‘powerful knowledge’. The debate on educational achievements and measurements can be seen from different angles. On the one hand, there are reasons to take the criticisms seriously, for instance concerning how such a focus tends to instrumentalise and superficialise knowledge and education. On the other hand, from a societal perspective, one has to ensure that all students, through their education, have opportunities to develop powerful knowledge that helps to explain the world so that school can contribute to social justice. Against such a background, the Swedish system is described as a rather strongly steering system that regulates schools through curricula but also monitors them through national tests. Through a brief presentation of empirical findings from the EthiCo project, it is shown how this system in practice limits the students’ chances of acquiring a multidimensional ethical competence and instead highlights a one-dimensional argumentative competence. Such a teaching runs the risk of reducing rather than widening students’ ethical competence.
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Royadi, Dedi, Mohd Nasrun Mohd Nawi, and Fitria Supyaningsih. "Measurement of Reliability of Test Instruments Through Management of Education and Psychology." Aptisi Transactions on Management (ATM) 2, no. 2 (July 2, 2018): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/atm.v2i2.788.
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At this time in the world of work or in job management workers are required to be able to solve problems that mean that in education and psychology management must be able to build or develop instruments in all fields of management. The development of measurement instruments in the field of psychology and education many assume the use of unidimensional measurements, which conceptually formulated that there is one type of ability factor, personality, character, and attitude measured by one measurement instrument. This study aims to allow readers to understand the notions of reliability, reliability of learning outcomes tests, general models of reliability, simple methods of estimating reliability, retesting methods, parallel methods, halves, moment product equations, Flanagan equations, Rulon equations, reliability coefficients , and standard measurement errors. In order for this management research to take place smoothly, the researcher uses the literature study method as his research method.
Keywords: Educational management, Measurement Instruments, Reliability
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ARLANDINI, CLAUDIO D., MATTEO J. BOSCHINI, and ANDREA MATTASOGLIO. "A HIGH-PERFORMANCE MIXED-TECHNOLOGY LAN FOR EDUCATION AND RESEARCH." International Journal of Modern Physics C 12, no. 04 (May 2001): 459–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183101002231.
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In this work we describe a series of performance tests on different architectures of high bandwidth local area networks, contemporarily in use at C.I.L.E.A. (Inter-University Consortium for Automatic Elaboration of Lombardy) to connect multi-processor machines devoted to educational and research purposes, such as fluido-dynamic and mechanical simulations. This LAN is essentially made out of a standard FDDI ring, and an HyperFabric backbone. HyperFabric is a Hewlett-Packard high performance network system bus, with a declared maximum bandwidth of 2.5 Gbit/s full duplex per link. We present a comparison, in terms of effective bandwidth, average throughput and CPU consumption of the above mentioned network systems. Furthermore we also describe the effects, in terms of transfer efficiency, of such a mixed environment, in which different systems co-exist and must often be cross-walked by various applications, as backups and mass storage access. Measurements and comparisons are made using Open Software tools like netperf and HetPIPE.
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Kliziene, Irina, Ginas Cizauskas, Aldona Augustiniene, Saule Sipaviciene, and Roma Aleksandraviciene. "The Relationship between School Age Children’s Academic Performance and Innovative Physical Education Programs." Sustainability 12, no. 12 (June 17, 2020): 4922. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12124922.
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Currently, there is great interest in the correlation between children’s physical activity and their academic performance. In this study, a pre-test/mid-test/post-test experimental strategy was used to avoid any disruption of educational activities, due to the random selection of children in each group. The experimental group was tested for eight months. We developed a methodology for innovative physical education classes and created a model of educational factors that encourage physical activity for children. The experimental group comprised 45 girls and 44 boys aged 6–7 years. The control group included 43 girls and 46 boys aged 6–7. Methods: Mathematical diagnostic progress tests were divided into two sections: tasks were allocated according to performance levels and the content as well as fields of activity and cognitive skills. The assessment of all areas of activity was based on student performance (unsatisfactory, satisfactory, basic, and advanced). Distribution of mathematical learning achievements by curriculum content: mathematical diagnosis was used to evaluate first-grade children’s mathematical knowledge and skills according to the five areas of the mathematics education curriculum: numbers and calculations; phenomena, equations, and inequalities; geometry, measures, and measurements; statistics and communication; and general problem-solving skills. The differences between the pre-test and mid-test results indicated that the number of children performing at a satisfactory level decreased (p = 0.035). The differences between the pre-test and post-test advanced (p = 0.038) and basic (p = 0.018) levels were found to be increased. Applying an innovative physical education program to first graders demonstrated a higher-level mathematics program in the areas of geometry, measures, and measurements; statistics; and communication and general problem-solving skills. Based on the interface between an innovative primary school physical education program and mathematics learning achievements, a research tool was developed that can be used in a quantitative research strategy.
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Di Vita, Antonella, Francesca Vecchione, Maddalena Boccia, Alessia Bocchi, Maria Cristina Cinelli, Pierandrea Mirino, Alice Teghil, et al. "DiaNe: A New First-Level Computerized Tool Assessing Memory, Attention, and Visuospatial Processing to Detect Early Pathological Cognitive Decline." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 86, no. 2 (March 22, 2022): 891–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-215294.
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Background: Detecting the beginning of cognitive decay is crucial to guarantee good management and the possible prevention of dementia progression. The present study arises from observations collected during an educational event to promote mental and physical health in which incidental neuropsychological data gathered on 290 citizens showed the importance of routine neuropsychological examination in detecting early signs of cognitive decay, since many individuals were unaware of the decrease in their cognitive efficiency. Accordingly, the availability of a screening tool that is computerized, portable, self-administrable, and sensitive to the main neurocognitive changes testifying the progression towards pathological aging is critical. Objective: To this aim, we developed a computerized battery for the early, preclinical Diagnosis of Neurocognitive disease (DiaNe), that can be self-administered and performed autonomously by using a tablet. Methods: DiaNe includes tests expected to evaluate the main cognitive domains involved in neurodegenerative diseases (memory, attention, executive functions) with a detailed assessment of visuospatial memory in particular. Results: DiaNe is not just the translation of standard tests into telematics, rather it is a new tool that provides both accuracy and response time measurements, aimed to screen cognitive profile and monitor it over time, being able to detect changes in still normal performances that may be suggestive of an ongoing onset of neurocognitive disorders. Conclusion: Here we present an investigation of DiaNe concurrent validity showing that its results are comparable to those obtained by existing paper-and-pencil neuropsychological tests, and propose that DiaNe could be a useful, quick, and economical instrument for the monitoring of cognitive aging.
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Brioni, Elena, Cristiano Magnaghi, Giulia Bruna Delli Zotti, Eleonora Sangiovanni, Maria Teresa Sciarrone Alibrandi, Luigi Apuzzo, Paolo Manunta, Francesco Logias, and Francesco Burrai. "Valutazione Del Benessere Psico-Fisico Nell’aderenza Terapeutica Nelle Donne Con Malattia Renale Policistica Autosomica Dominante: Uno Studio Osservazionale." Giornale di Clinica Nefrologica e Dialisi 31, no. 3 (July 2, 2019): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33393/gcnd.2019.537.
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BACKGROUND: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is the most common inherited renal disease and affects less than 1 every 400-1,000 people. There are many effective treatments, including blood pressure management, physical activity, low sodium diet and hydration. Therapeutic education is part of a patient’s care and treatment. This approach is an essential strategy in order to face the current healthcare scenario, in which the number of people affected by chronic diseases is progressively increasing. OBJECTIVES: This article aims to analyze the effect of therapeutic education in patients with ADPKD, the level of adherence to pharmacological therapy and their compliance to dietetic and lifestyle recommendations as part of a nursing-led education. METHODS: This is a prospective, longitudinal, observational pilot study. The following measurements were used: Kidney Disease Quality of life - Short Form, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Body Uneasiness Test. At the T0 visit, a nurse selected patients and carried out a personalized educational intervention with the aims of adhering to drug therapies, monitoring blood pressure and dietary behavior (physical activity and water intake). At the T1 visit, patients performed psychological tests. At the T2 visit, the following evaluations were performed: a psychological interview together with the delivery and evaluation of the tests performed, an interview with the nurse to evaluate the adherence to the prescriptions, and a control of parameters such as physical activity, diet, water intake, drug therapy, and blood pressure. RESULTS: Therapeutic education can have a positive impact on patients’ health by improving adherence to the pharmacological therapy, diet and lifestyle. CONCLUSIONS: Therapeutic education improve the patient’s knowledge, treatments and correct behaviors as well as promotes an independent management of the disease. Through an educational intervention, the patient acquires the ability and the awareness to modify the wrong behaviors and to guarantee a balance between his needs and the pathology, thus improving the quality of life.
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Bichi, Ado Abdu, and Rohaya Talib. "Item Response Theory: An Introduction to Latent Trait Models to Test and Item Development." International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) 7, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v7i2.12900.
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Testing in educational system perform a number of functions, the results from a test can be used to make a number of decisions in education. It is therefore well accepted in the education literature that, testing is an important element of education. To effectively utilize the tests in educational policies and quality assurance its validity and reliability estimates are necessary. There are two generally acceptable frameworks used in evaluating the quality of test in educational and psychological measurements, these are; Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT). The estimates of test items validity and reliability depend on a particular measurement model used. It is vital for a test developer to be familiar with the different test development and item analysis methods in order to facilitate the development of a new test. The CTT is a traditional approach which was widely criticise in the measurement community for its shortcomings such as sample dependency of coefficient measures and estimates of measurement error. However, the IRT is a modern approach which provides solutions to most of the CTT’s identified shortcomings. This paper therefore, provides a comprehensive overview of the IRT and its procedures as applied to test item development and analysis. The paper concludes with some suggestions for test developers and test specialists at all levels to adopt IRT for its identified crucial theoretical and empirical gains over CTT. IRT based parameter estimates should be superior and reliable than CTT based parameter estimates. With these features, IRT can help resolve the problems associated with test design based on CTT.
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Chatzimichail, Theodora, and Aristides T. Hatjimihail. "A Software Tool for Calculating the Uncertainty of Diagnostic Accuracy Measures." Diagnostics 11, no. 3 (February 27, 2021): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11030406.
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Screening and diagnostic tests are applied for the classification of people into diseased and non-diseased populations. Although diagnostic accuracy measures are used to evaluate the correctness of classification in clinical research and practice, there has been limited research on their uncertainty. The objective for this work was to develop a tool for calculating the uncertainty of diagnostic accuracy measures, as diagnostic accuracy is fundamental to clinical decision-making. For this reason, the freely available interactive program Diagnostic Uncertainty has been developed in the Wolfram Language. The program provides six modules with nine submodules for calculating and plotting the standard combined, measurement and sampling uncertainty and the resultant confidence intervals of various diagnostic accuracy measures of screening or diagnostic tests, which measure a normally distributed measurand, applied at a single point in time to samples of non-diseased and diseased populations. This is done for differing sample sizes, mean and standard deviation of the measurand, diagnostic threshold and standard measurement uncertainty of the test. The application of the program is demonstrated with an illustrative example of glucose measurements in samples of diabetic and non-diabetic populations, that shows the calculation of the uncertainty of diagnostic accuracy measures. The presented interactive program is user-friendly and can be used as a flexible educational and research tool in medical decision-making, to calculate and explore the uncertainty of diagnostic accuracy measures.
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Et. al., Enkeleida Lleshi,. "Impact of Drop Jump Index For17-18 Year Old Volleyball Players in Albania." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 3 (April 14, 2021): 4008–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i3.4607.
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Volleyball is characterized by the activity of vertical jump performance in the technical elements of attack, block and service. The study focuses on young Female & Male players during the 12-week plyometric training. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of 12-weeks plyometric training performance in volleyball players M & F in Albania to see the differences between them. Methods; 40 young players (F & M) participated in this study. N=10 M & N=10 F volleyball players considered as Experimental and the same number as Control. The average age of players included in this study is 17-18 years old. The players of both groups were evaluated before and after 12 weeks. The F&M Experimental groups conducted 12 weeks of plyometric training with 2 sessions for a week. The F&M Control groups conducted the training according to the method of their trainers. Besides anthropometric measurements they developed Drop Jump tests by jumping from the cube in height 40 cm and 60 cm. Results; The results showed a high correlation coefficient (r = 0,924) and statistically significant (p <0,05). Data obtained from two groups GRFP show that the relationship between the contact time and the time air changes between the two tests DJ 40-60cm. Conclusions. The methodology used helps us compare the high and poor performances that help coaches to program more detailed plyometric training for the development of jumping skills in young volleyball players. The effect of plyometric training developed on M&F volleyball players and according to data obtained from GRFP, showed that male volleyball players had a better performance in vertical jump than female volleyball players. Vertical jumping may be assessed not only by the height of its development but also by the phase of residence in the air.