Journal articles on the topic 'Education, Primary Victoria Curricula History'
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1
Nanayakkara, Janandani, Claire Margerison, and Anthony Worsley. "Food professionals’ opinions of the Food Studies curriculum in Australia." British Food Journal 119, no. 12 (December 4, 2017): 2945–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-02-2017-0112.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the food system professionals’ opinions of a new senior secondary school food literacy curriculum named Victorian Certificate of Education Food Studies in Victoria, Australia. Design/methodology/approach A purposive sample of 34 food system professionals from different sub-sectors within the Australian food system was interviewed individually in late 2015 and early 2016. Interviews were analysed using the template analysis technique. Findings Most participants appreciated the extensive coverage of food literacy aspects in this new curriculum. However, many suggested amendments to the curriculum including pay less emphasis on food history-related topics and pay more focus on primary food production, nutrition awareness and promotion, and food security, food sovereignty, social justice, and food politics. Practical implications A well-structured, comprehensive secondary school food literacy curriculum could play a crucial role in providing food literacy education for adolescents. This will help them to establish healthy food patterns and become responsible food citizens. The findings of this study can be used to modify the new curriculum to make it a more comprehensive, logical, and feasible curriculum. Moreover, these findings could be used to inform the design of new secondary school food literacy curricula in Australia and other countries. Originality/value The exploration of perspectives of professionals from a broad range of food- and nutrition-related areas about school food literacy education makes this study unique. This study highlights the importance of food professionals’ opinions in secondary school food-related curricula development.
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Bryant, Catherine, and Bruno Mascitelli. "The “special experiment” in languages." History of Education Review 47, no. 1 (June 4, 2018): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-01-2017-0002.
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Purpose The Victorian School of Languages began on the margins of the Victorian education system in 1935 as a “special experiment” supported by the Chief Inspector of Secondary Schools, J.A Seitz. The purpose of this paper is to present a historical analysis of the first 15 years of the “special experiment” and it reports on the school’s fragile beginnings. Design/methodology/approach The historical analysis draws on archival materials, oral sources and other primary documents from the first 15 years of the Saturday language classes, to explore its fragile role and status within the Victorian education system. Findings The Saturday language classes were experimental in nature and were initially intended to pilot niche subjects in the languages curriculum. Despite support from influential stakeholders, widespread interest and a promising response from teachers and students, the student enrolments dwindled, especially in the war years. As fate would have it, the two languages initially established (Japanese and Italian) faced a hostile war environment and only just survived. Questions about the continuing viability of the classes were raised, but they were championed by Seitz. Originality/value To date, this is one of few scholarly explorations of the origins of the Victorian School of Languages, a school which became a model for Australia’s other State Specialist Language Schools. This paper contributes to the literature about the VSL, a school that existed on the margins but played a pioneering role in the expansion of the language curriculum in Victoria.
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Clark, Julie, and Terry Harrison. "Are Educational Outcomes Relevant to Environmental Education Addressed by Primary School Teachers?" Australian Journal of Environmental Education 13 (1997): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0814062600002809.
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AbstractConcern exists over the extent to which environmental education is being addressed in Australian primary school curricula. This is especially so since the release of the nationally developed Statements and Profiles in eight key areas of learning because no documents specifically relating to environmental education were produced. This paper reports the results of a study in which a survey based on outcomes relevant to environmental education, as drawn from curriculum documents in use in the Australian states of New South Wales and Victoria, was completed by a sample of primary teachers from both states. Results indicated that, in most schools, outcomes relevant to environmental education were being given significant attention. However, the extent to which different outcomes were addressed varied widely, as did the extent to which individual schools addressed outcomes over the years kindergarten/preparatory to year 6 (K/P-6). Implications for teacher education drawn from the findings are discussed.
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Aydin, Gozde, Alison Booth, Claire Margerison, and Anthony Worsley. "Food and nutrition education in Australian primary schools: parents' views." Health Education 121, no. 4 (May 12, 2021): 451–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-11-2020-0113.
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PurposePrimary schools provide continuous, intensive contact with large numbers of children starting from a young age, thus providing an appropriate setting for the promotion of healthy eating through food and nutrition education (FNE). This qualitative study explores the views of Australian primary school parents about FNE in primary schools.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 19 parents of primary school children from Victoria participated in semi-structured interviews. Audio recordings were transcribed and underwent thematic analysis using Nvivo. A total of three themes emerged: FNE topics currently taught in primary schools, essential food skills and knowledge for primary school children and the importance of FNE.FindingsMost parents thought that FNE is as important as the core subjects of primary school. Parental support for FNE, which is delivered over a prolonged period, and expanded by hands-on content such as cooking and gardening classes was evident. Parents viewed these classes as likely to improve children's food-related knowledge and healthy eating behaviours. Parents expressed appreciation for schools' emphasis on food sustainability and its alignment with school policies and practices. Parents were keen to see more sustainability included in the curriculum.Practical implicationsThese results may have implications for curriculum developers and schools, as the findings can assist the design of food and nutrition curricula for primary schools which can empower children as well as their families to make better food-related decisions.Originality/valueAustralian parents' views of FNE in primary schools have been under examined.
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Charis, Nikolaidou, and Repoussi Maria. "Multiculturalism and History Education: Teachers’ Perceptions." International Journal of Education (IJE) 9, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ije.2021.9406.
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The present paper attempts to explore the perceptions and views of public primary school teachers in the city of Thessaloniki on multiculturalism and historical education. In particular, the involvement of teachers in the implementation of intercultural practices was studied, while specifically the history course was chosen since on one hand it gathers many identical features and on the other hand it is offered for the design and implementation of many intercultural interventions. The city of Thessaloniki with its multicultural past was used as a basis for outlining the trends and views of the human resources that serve education. The sample of the research consisted of 413 teachers from the primary schools of the prefecture of Thessaloniki. The quantitative methodological approach was followed and the data were collected using a questionnaire. The results of the research showed that the teachers’ training in matters of intercultural education is incomplete, a fact that affects their perceptions and their intercultural practices in a negative way. The research also showed that history curricula are in need of great changes in respect to integrate the multicultural perspective.
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Wojdon, Joanna. "The Impact of Communist Rule on History Education in Poland." Journal of Educational Media, Memory, and Society 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jemms.2012.040105.
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This article analyzes textbooks and curricula for primary schools in Poland published between 1944 and 1989 to show how the communist regime attempted to influence Polish history education via political change and educational reform. The article focuses on five aspects of this influence: Marxist methodology of history, portrayals of political parties, promotion of a “scientific“ worldview, justification of new boundaries and alliances of the People's Poland, and a new pantheon of national heroes. In conclusion, the article investigates the effectiveness of history education in shaping Polish collective memory under the communist regime.
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Deslandes, Paul R. "Competitive Examinations and the Culture of Masculinity in Oxbridge Undergraduate Life, 1850-1920." History of Education Quarterly 42, no. 4 (2002): 544–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5959.2002.tb00010.x.
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As the primary means through which academic success was measured and professional credentials were established, competitive examinations for university degrees and civil service appointments became a frequently discussed topic among the Victorian and Edwardian elite in Great Britain. Students and dons (the term for college fellows with teaching and pastoral responsibilities) at the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, as well as a whole range of outside observers, regularly commented on the importance of these exercises during the seven decades that passed between the curricular and administrative reforms of the 1850s and the conclusion of World War I, years in which these ancient institutions achieved their modern form and functioned, in the words of Jan Morris, as “power house [s]” and “conscious instruments of Victorian national greatness.” In an 1863Student's Guide to the University of Cambridge, for example, J.R. Seeley, a famous Cambridge don and historian, celebrated the invigorating, youthful, and competitive nature of the Tripos (or Honors) examinations in a lengthy discussion of academic life: “Into these [examinations] flock annually the ablest young men … who during their University course have received all the instruction that the best Tutors, and all the stimulus that a competition well known to be severe, can give…. The contest is one into which the cleverest lads in the country enter [and] it may safely be affirmed that even the lowest place in these Triposes is justly called anhonour.” By the 1860s, when Seeley first penned these comments, competitive examinations had become, in the words of one contemporary observer, “matters of … much interest and importance not only to those whose future success in life depended upon them, but to the public in general.” Public interest was further fueled, throughout this period, by numerous articles in the periodical press that discussed and debated the general value of competitive examinations and by the regular publication of test results in widely circulated, national newspapers such as theTimes.
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Глебушкин and S. Glebushkin. "Aesthetic Education of Primary School Pupils Based on Exploring the Russian Traditional Costume." Primary Education 2, no. 5 (October 17, 2014): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/5980.
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The paper outlines the pedagogical potential recourse to the finest examples of the genuine Russian folk costume at lessons and extra-curricula
activities within the arts and aesthetics cycle. Insights in the characteristics of the Russian traditional costume will help primary school pupils to
enhance their knowledge of the national culture and history of their Motherland, to take a love to folk arts and to form their personal artistic taste.
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Philippou, Stavroula. "The ‘Problem’ of the European Dimension in Education: A Principled Reconstruction of the Greek Cypriot Curriculum." European Educational Research Journal 4, no. 4 (December 2005): 343–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/eerj.2005.4.4.2.
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The European dimension in education has been a term increasingly used by the European Union and the Council of Europe to denote some of their educational policies and initiatives. It has also been a contested term in academic writing, as some researchers critique the elitist, exclusionary and Eurocentric educational implications it may have, while others welcome its pedagogic and intercultural potential. This article explores the possibilities of using the European dimension as a tool to alleviate ethnocentrism and traditional pedagogies in curricula and textbooks. To achieve this, the essay presents some principles which have been used for the development of History and Geography curricula with a European dimension in Greek Cypriot state primary schools in Cyprus. The curriculum development process drew upon the literature around the ‘political’ history of the European dimension, as well as upon academic discussions of social constructivist approaches to the notion of Europe. The principles employed to guide the curriculum development process were structured under the perspectives of curriculum location, content and pedagogy. The curricular location principles were concerned with the European dimension as a cross-curricular innovation, the question of its form within subject-based curricula and of its contextualisation within existing educational localities and contexts. Concerning content, it is proposed that such curricula need to acknowledge the constructedness and fluidity of the frontiers of nation-states and of Europe, the multiplicity and hybridity of identities, as well as Europe's socio-cultural and conflictual past. Finally, the pedagogic principles encourage critical approaches to knowledge, the development of concepts and active learning through cooperation.
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Dilek, Gülçin, and Dursun Dilek. "Current History Teaching in Turkey: Curricula, Debates and Issues." History Education Research Journal 11, no. 2 (May 1, 2013): 202–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18546/herj.11.2.16.
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The aim of this study is to review the current situation with history teaching in Turkey after the education reform introduced in 2004. Accordingly, this study mainly focuses on the structure and problems of history teaching in Turkey bothat primary and secondary levels after the education reform, following confrontational debates about the role of history teaching in the construction of citizenship, and in the context of international relations, which is related to collaborative projects undertaken with a number of countries to rewrite history textbooks in a peaceful way. Current research trends in this field are also mentioned briefly. Some researches show that in history teaching in Turkey the common issues that occur are related to text books, the intensity of knowledge/objectives relationships, insufficient weekly course hours and the unfamiliarity of teachers with both new history and constructivist approaches. New history textbooks and curricula continue to be a conflict area between their respective defenders who claim in turn that history teaching should either be a vehicle for constructing national identitity or that it should be a vehicle for constructing global, pluralist and democratic citizenship. On the other hand, mutual work with some Arabian countries to rewrite the common past in textbooks,is on Turkey's current agenda to enhance the international context of this perspective. Some researches also show that apart from debates about the nature of history's social aims and the problems of history teaching as already indicated, teachers seem ready to adopt the new history approach. In addition to this, every passing day there is a marked and rapid increase in research into history teaching and the variety of related research subjects are hopeful improvements.
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Davis, M. Elaine. "Archaeology education and the political landscape of American schools." Antiquity 74, no. 283 (March 2000): 194–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00066369.
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Education, a primary mode for transmitting society's knowledge, values and beliefs, is a highly political endeavour. To understand fully the place of archaeology within the framework of public education in the United States, some background in the broader political landscape and sanctioned curricula in American schools is necessary. This article examines some key aspects of these issues, including governmental control of education, the ‘history of history’ in schools, and the appropriation of the past. It also looks at the status of archaeology education in the United States and considers an appropriate role for pre-college archaeology.
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Unal, Kerami. "A research on the Russian language in the history of Turkish people." Journal of Global Social Sciences 2, no. 7 (September 1, 2021): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31039/jgss.v2i7.28.
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In the article, information is given about when foreign language education started in Turkish people. The primary, secondary and high school curricula of the Russian language are researched in tables. It was determined when and where the Russian language was first systematically taught in Turks. The reasons for teaching were researched. The events of the Republican period were listed with dates and focused on the tendency to the Russian language both in the private sector and in government institutions. Information was given on the situation and development of the Russian language in higher education.
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Andjelkovic, Sladjana. "Teaching jestastvenica in primary schools in Serbia: From 1844 until the end of the XIX century." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 157-158 (2016): 561–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1658561a.
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This paper deals with the development of teaching jestastvenica through the analysis of curricula in primary schools in Serbia, in the period from 1844, when the first science content appeared in primary school curriculum, until the end of the XIX century. The analysis and critical review were based on the following sources: laws, curricula, guidelines for teaching jestastvenica, jestastvenica textbooks, and reports from school supervisors. Attempts have been made to examine the development of teaching jestastvenica and explain the changes that this development induced on teaching this subject. Our study showed the constant presence of jestastvenica in curricula under different names and with changes in the annual and weekly number of teaching hours that did not follow the increase in the volume of teaching material. Also, the analysis demonstrated that the program of jestastvenica changed with the increase in the volume of teaching materials, introduction of new topics, structuring of content and methodological structuring. The study of jestastvenica curricula represents only one segment of the research of the history of this teaching, with the aim of a comprehensive and critical appraisal of its significance and contribution to the development of teaching practices and education in Serbia in the XIX century.
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van den Berg and Fortuin-van der Spek. "The Appropriation of Symbolic Language in Worldview Education through Bibliodrama." Education Sciences 9, no. 2 (April 24, 2019): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci9020088.
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One of the main questions regarding Dutch primary education in our secularised and religiously diverse society—both with regards to public and religiously-affiliated schools—is how to get students acquainted with the symbolic language of religious and worldview-affiliated life narratives. Teaching literacy in symbolic language has become less important in the education programmes of modern-day primary schools. The dominance of scientific descriptive language is evident in the majority of contemporary curricula. This language may be highly important for teaching mathematics and science, but for religious and cultural education, and for teaching art and history, symbolic language is the vehicle for acquiring knowledge, insight, and wisdom. Our aim in this article is to reflect on the idea that stimulating symbolic speech in primary school education through role playing, will bring out the sensitivity of current-day students to confer meaning to life questions and life themes.
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Malik, Muh Syauqi, and Maslahah Maslahah. "Revitalization of the Concept of Educational Axiology: Perspectives of Islamic Philosophy." Belajea: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 6, no. 2 (November 30, 2021): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.29240/belajea.v6i2.2590.
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The axiology of primary Islamic education is a discourse that is still very meaningful and relevant today. All Islamic education processes, whether in linking curricula, educators, educational staff, students, institutions, and so on, have one typical estuary, namely supporting axiology in primary Islamic education. This exposure is needed to explain the axiology of education from various points of view, the axiology in Islam, the urgency and function of axiology of primary Islamic teaching, the branch of axiology called ethics and aesthetics, and the essence of axiology in Islamic primary education. The author uses qualitative research methods literature review to summarize, analyze, and synthesize various references to complete writing. The research results reveal that Islamic primary education's axiology talks about the value or benefits of Islamic education at the primary level. The concept of axiology in Islam is taken from the word qoyyimah, which means straight, straight in the interpretation of the path leading to God, a straight forward way with the provisions of the Qur'an and Hadith. The urgency of primary Islamic education's axiology to straighten the education system elements to stay on the right path. The axiology function of primary Islamic education includes speculative, normative, criticism, and theory. Ethics is the study of values and moral and aesthetic attitudes, which is part of the philosophy of values and evaluation that views human work from a beautiful and unfavorable perspective. The essence of axiology in primary Islamic education is to form human beings in the human person.
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North, Sue. "Privileged knowledge, privileged access: early universities in Australia." History of Education Review 45, no. 1 (June 6, 2016): 88–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-04-2014-0028.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show that Australia’s first two universities were connected to class status. It challenges the idea that these universities extended the “educational franchise” at their outset, by interrogating the characteristics of the student population in comparison with the characteristics of the population in the colonies. It looks at the curricula within the university system to show it is always “interested”, never neutral – it may be unique to the social, cultural, political and economic location of each university, but ultimately it benefits those who hold power in these locations. Design/methodology/approach – This research involves empirical analysis of characteristics of university students in Australia in the 1850s, including country of birth, religion, age, previous education and fathers’ occupation, as well as population demographics from the censuses that took place in the colonies of NSW and Victoria at that time. It also involves an analysis of the sociology of knowledge in nineteenth century Australian universities in light of this empirical data. Findings – Socio-political influences on the establishment of the first universities in Australia highlight the power of conferring legitimacy to particular areas of knowledge and to whom this knowledge was made available. Research limitations/implications – The research is limited to using the student data for the first three years of enrolment because in order to make comparisons between the student population and the population of the colonies, the student data needed to be from a time as close to the population census as possible. The Sydney census was in 1851, so student data from the University of Sydney was 1852-1854. The Melbourne census was in 1854, so student data from the University of Melbourne was 1855-1857. Originality/value – Australian historiography suggests that early universities in Australia were open to all, regardless of background. This paper challenges this orthodoxy through empirical findings and theoretical analysis.
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Gál, Enikő. "Horizontal Segregation as a Consequence of Hidden Curriculum in Primary School." Central European Journal of Educational Research 3, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37441/cejer/2021/3/1/9357.
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Much of the special literature deals with examining textbooks, and during their analyses the underrepresentation of women in the world of teaching aids always comes out. The National Curricula (1995, 2003, 2007, 2012, and the new draft of the NC) serve as the basis for writing textbooks, thus it would be worth starting the examination of horizontal segregation according to gender here. In the current study, the goal is to identify and to map theoretical dimensions. This research introduces female education and stereotypes of women in Hungary, their theoretical background as regards horizontal segregation according to gender, and also introduces „hidden curriculum”. Horizontal segregation according to gender in higher education is easily seen, the goal of this study, however, is to examine its presence in primary school education through the teaching of three subjects: music, history, and physics. This dissertation is the first step in the research which furthers the mapping of the theoretical background.
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Goldsmith, Susan Secor. "Implementing Elementary History and Social Science: A Three-Step Plan of K-4 Curriculum Design." Journal of Education 180, no. 1 (January 1998): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002205749818000103.
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Massachusetts' History and Social Science Curriculum Framework emphatically describes history and social science as a core academic subject at the elementary school level, devoting a separate section to its study in primary grades. It carries out a provision of the 1993 Massachusetts Education Reform Act for standards-based improvement, calling for more substantive study in elementary schools. The Framework's appearance should result in serious new attention being given an area of school study that, as social studies, has had little or no demonstrable academic effect and has left students largely indifferent. But teachers and schools charged with bringing existing elementary curricula into alignment with the Framework's Core Knowledge requirements in history and social science may face both a departure from what is currently done and an encounter with unfamiliar subject matter and resources. “What's a teacher to do?” The author addresses curriculum and course design by organizing some chief considerations of elementary history and social science study into a three-step plan for implementation that discusses the selection and organization of topics for elementary study, their classroom presentation, and the resources available to support the alignment effort.
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Kjeldsen, Karna. "A study-of-Religion(s)-Based Religion Education: Skills, Knowledge, and Aims." Center for Educational Policy Studies Journal 9, no. 4 (December 20, 2019): 11–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.26529/cepsj.678.
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Different approaches to religion education have been in place for a long time or developed more recently to meet growing religious and cultural plurality in European countries and schools. In this article, I summarise and discuss basic principles for a study-of-religion(s) approach to religion education, adding arguments and perspectives from critical theories about education in general. I shall also argue that national curricula for, respectively, religion education in Sweden and History in Denmark indicate that analytical-critical skills can be a central part of religion education in elementary and lower secondary public schools. The structure of the article is based on a modified version of the ‘map of history’ developed by the scholar of education and history education Rosie Turner-Bisset who has formulated principles for teaching History in primary schools. The model will be used as a framework, for systematising and discussing key principles of a study-of-religions approach to religion education with reference to three categories: 1) attitudes, 2) skills and concepts, and 3) knowledge.
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Bickford III, John H., and Taylor A. Badal. "Trade Books’ Historical Representation of Eleanor Roosevelt, First Lady of the World." Social Studies Research and Practice 11, no. 3 (November 1, 2016): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssrp-03-2016-b0001.
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Contemporary education initiatives require English language arts educators spend half their time on non-fiction and history and social studies teachers to include diverse sources. Beginning in the early grades within the aforementioned curricula, students are to scrutinize multiple texts of the same historical event, era, or figure. Whereas trade books are a logical curricular resource for English language arts and history and social studies curricula, the education mandates do not provide suggestions. Research indicates trade books are rife with historical misrepresentations, yet few empirical studies have been completed so more research is needed. Our research examined the historical representation of Eleanor Roosevelt within trade books for early and middle-grades students. Identified historical misrepresentations included minimized or omitted accounts of the societal contexts and social relationships that shaped Mrs. Roosevelt’s social conscience and civic involvement. Effective content spiraling, in which complexity and nuance increase with grade level, between early and middle-grades trade books did not appear. Pedagogical suggestions included ways to position students to identify the varying degrees of historical representation within different trade books and integrate supplementary primary sources to balance the historical gaps.
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Valiquet, Patrick. "Animating the Object: Marcelle Deschênes and acousmatic education in Quebec." Organised Sound 22, no. 3 (November 24, 2017): 385–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771817000553.
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This article examines the early reception of Pierre Schaeffer’s theoretical work in Quebec through the teaching of Marcelle Deschênes, principal author of the first electroacoustic theory and ear training curricula at both Université Laval and Université de Montréal. An account of Deschênes’s educational career is provided, along with remarks on the contents of her early courses in Morpho-typology and her listening workshops for children, using newly excavated primary material from her private archives. While existing scholarship presumes that Schaefferian thinking arrived in Quebec with the ‘orthodox’ acousmatic approach of Francis Dhomont, this article asserts that a pluralist and multidisciplinary interpretation of Schaeffer’s work can be discerned which pre-dated Dhomont’s teaching and has had an equally lasting impact overall. A methodological argument is also made for including education and other forms of ‘reproductive labour’ in the history of electroacoustic music.
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Bickford, John H., and Brigid O’Farrell. "Exploring Eleanor Roosevelt’s labor advocacy using primary and secondary sources." Social Studies Research and Practice 14, no. 1 (May 20, 2019): 64–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssrp-10-2018-0038.
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Purpose Education initiatives have increased expectations of students’ non-fiction reading and text-based writing within history, social studies and other curricula. Teachers must locate age-appropriate curricular materials and implement discipline-specific pedagogy to guide students’ history literacy, historical thinking and historical argumentation. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Students are guided on an inquiry into an underemphasized element of a historically significant figure’s life. Eleanor Roosevelt’s labor and poverty advocacies generate comparably less attention by historians and trade book authors than her work with civil rights, human rights and international diplomacy. Findings Students are positioned to scrutinize primary and secondary sources using differentiated optics relevant to each source type. History literacy and historical thinking strategies ground students’ analyses. After extracting meaningful content from diverse sources, students are prompted to engage in text-based writing to articulate their newly developed understandings. Diverse elements of revision bolster students’ historical argumentation. Practical implications Close reading, critical thinking and text-based writing are joined throughout the guided inquiry. Originality/value The previously unused texts and original tasks are intended for middle school classrooms. These sources and strategies integrate different elements of history literacy, historical thinking and historical argumentation throughout the inquiry.
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Gündüz, Turgay. "“Religious Education” or “Teaching about Religion”? A Review of Compulsory Religious Culture and Ethics Lessons in Turkish Primary and Secondary Schools." Religion & Human Rights 13, no. 2 (August 8, 2018): 153–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18710328-13021140.
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Abstract Religious Culture and Ethics (RCE), a compulsory course in Turkish primary and secondary schools, is a highly debated issue with respect to education on religion. Discussions focus on whether the class is “religious education” with a confessional approach or “religious culture and ethics teaching” that adopts a non-confessional view. Following a short history of religious education courses in Turkish primary and secondary education, this study analyses the curriculum and the content of the RCE course from the perspective of two Islamic sects (madhhab) and religious education approaches to discuss the principal educational approach applied in the country. The study also analyses the argument that holds that RCE is a non-confessional lesson in terms of both content and application; and that, accordingly, there is no problem with its presence among compulsory courses in primary education. It is rather concluded that, since its inclusion within the primary and secondary education curricula as a compulsory lesson, RCE has never been non-confessional in terms of including other religions and beliefs as well as other sects within Islam. An examination of the sectarian sources of information on worship provided in these courses reveals that the current textbooks are explicitly grounded in the Hanafi School with regard to issues of Muslim obligations.
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Tatnall, Arthur. "Computer education and societal change." Information Technology & People 28, no. 4 (November 2, 2015): 742–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/itp-09-2014-0202.
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Purpose – It is widely acknowledged that the computer has caused great societal changes over recent years, but the purpose of this paper is to relate specifically to those due to the use of computers in education and teaching about computing. The adoption and use of computers in education was very much a socio-technical process with influence from people, organisations, processes and technologies: of a variety of human and non-human actors. Design/methodology/approach – This paper makes use of actor-network theory to analyse these events and their educational and societal impact. Data were collected from published sources, interviews with those involved at the time, discussions and from personal experience and observations. Findings – Computers have, of course, had a huge impact on society, but particularly in relation to the use of computers in school education there was a different societal impact. Some of this related directly to education, some to school administration and some to student attitudes, experiences and knowledge. Research limitations/implications – The paper investigates the development of early courses in computing in universities and schools in Victoria, Australia. The paper does not, however, consider the use of computers in university research, only in education. Practical implications – The paper describes the significant educational events of the era from punch-card tabulating machines in the 1930s to micro-computers in the late 1980s, and investigates the relationship between the development of courses in the Universities and those in the more vocationally oriented Colleges of Advanced Education. It examines whether one followed from the other. It also investigates the extent of the influence of the universities and CAEs on school computing. Social implications – The advent of the computer made a significant impact on university and school education even before the internet, Google, Wikipedia and smart phones in the late 1990s and 2000s. Computers in schools cause a rethink of how teaching should be handled and of the role of the teacher. Originality/value – This paper investigates the history of computers and education in both universities and schools in Victoria, Australia over the period from the 1930s to the early 1990s. It considers how and why this technological adoption occurred, and the nature of the resulting educational and societal change this produced. Primary and High School use of computers did not commence until the 1970s but prior to this there is a considerable and interesting history associated with the development of Higher Education courses relating to computing.
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Cutter-Mackenzie, Amy, Barbara Clarke, and Phil Smith. "A Discussion Paper: The Development of Professional Teacher Standards in Environmental Education." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 24 (2008): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0814062600000537.
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AbstractProfessional teaching associations in Australia and abroad have been developing teacher and/or teaching standards and associated professional learning and assessment models in the key discipline areas since the 1990s. In Australia, a specific intent of this approach is to capture and recognise the depth and range of accomplished educators' teaching. Despite the increasing work in this area, there has been a dearth of discussion about teacher standards in environmental education and no previous attempt to research and/or develop professional teacher standards for environmental education in Australia. This paper discusses the history of teacher standards in Australia, and considers the implications for the development of teacher standards in environmental education. In doing so, we present a research-practice model that is currently being piloted in Victoria for developing accomplished professional teacher standards and learning in environmental education with and for accomplished Australian primary and secondary teachers.
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KEŠETOVIĆ, ŽELIMIR. "EDUCATION FOR CRISES AND DISASTERS – AN IMPERATIVE IN A RISK SOCIETY." PERSPEKTIVA UVOĐENJA BEZBEDNOSNE KULTURE U OBRAZOVNI SISTEM REPUBLIKE SRBIJE, (2021), special edition (1) (May 31, 2021): 127–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.51738/kpolisa2021.18.1p.1.09.
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Although crises and catastrophes are a constant of human history, the preparation for them, through the transfer and adoption of an appropriate set of knowledge, habits and values, is relatively recent. In today's risk society, decision makers become aware of the fact that every system of response to crises and catastrophes is as strong as its weakest links, and these are individuals, that is, every individual citizen. In that context, today, in a number of countries, preparations for crises and catastrophes are given significant attention in the curricula within preschool education, as well as in primary and secondary schools, and even at the university level. Countries in transition had ideologically loaded contents related to defense, security and protection in their education systems, but they expelled them in total when they entered the transition process. Today, in some countries in transition, as part of the education system reform, some of these contents are being included again, deprived of ideological and political layers. Some of these attempts are the product of comprehensive reflection, while in other countries they are partial and include only some relevant topics that are studied within already existing teaching subjects. Certainly, in the near future, based on a serious analysis of educational needs in the context of relevant strategic documents related to security, with the involvement of academic and state institutions and bodies, and insight into best comparative practice, this issue should be fully consider and systematically include relevant security content, as well as the manner of their realization in the curricula at all levels of education and upbringing in the transition countries, including the Republic of Serbia in particular.
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Cytrin, Yitzhak. "Trends and Changes in Training History Teachers in Academia, and Its Interface With the Israeli Education System." Journal of Education and Training Studies 6, no. 5 (March 31, 2018): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v6i5.3150.
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This article aims to examine the difficulties, misgivings, and criticism that exist in academia and the field of education, regarding creating history curricula relevant and significant to twenty-first century society and individuals; how compulsory history curricula can be suited to the methodology and didactics of training students as history teachers, and suggest several solutions to the issues discussed.The structure of knowledge approach in the discipline of history is problematic, and creates a complex challenge regarding preparing history students as teachers of the future. This is because this discipline represents, to a great extent, the wider fields of the humanities and social sciences which are very difficult to integrate into the school educational process.Historical research and the education system have different goals. The historian strives to clarify “historical questions”, meaning issues from the past with the perspective of their having certain relevance to the future. In contrast, the education system seeks to shape the student’s worldview and provide him with significant tools for coping with the challenges of the twenty-first century, as part of the “toolbox” that the education system believes will serve as a basis for the student’s preparation to be a useful individual in society and for himself.In light of the weight of history in teaching values, based on reliable facts gained from historical research, the main role that should be given to teaching the subject is to teach critical thinking. The ability to understand history in its framework of reference, meaning, understanding change and the environment, needs to be developed. Likewise, it is necessary to arouse and develop the judicious use of facts and drawing conclusions. Learning history can, and must, take place both experientially and logically. Presenting the “historical story” alongside the “cognitive-critical” approach must be the primary “pedagogy” when instilling students with teaching skills.Achieving history curriculum goals is greatly dependent on the teaching and evaluation methods, and how well teachers succeed in bringing their students to be active and involved in the learning process. Therefore, a variety of teaching strategies must be employed, in the spirit of the constructionist approach. Training teaching students requires a variety of pedagogic methods and methodological approaches, and teaching literacy for strategies for interdisciplinary teaching methods, integrative learning, and use of digital technologies.
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(Голубинская), Н.Ф., Клобукова. "Confucian Moral and Educational Function of Music: from the History of Japanese School Education." Журнал Общества теории музыки, no. 2(38) (November 1, 2022): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26176/otmroo.2022.38.2.007.
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Данная статья сосредоточена на некоторых аспектах школьной образовательной реформы, предпринятой во время эпохи Мэйдзи (1868–1912). В процессе создания системы образования по западному образцу в программы начальной и средней школ была включена музыка как обязательный предмет. Для занятий пением были разработаны специальные хрестоматии «Сёгаку сёка сю», выходившие в 1881–1884 годах; их авторами были японский деятель образования Исава Сюдзи и американский педагог и композитор Лютер Уайтинг Мэйсон. Тексты песен были основаны как на природной тематике, так и на принципах морально-нравственного воспитания детей и подростков. Уважение к учителю и к обществу в целом, упорство, симпатия к окружающим — эти идеи в настоящее время продолжают жить и работать, несмотря на прозападные музыкальные вкусы современной японской молодежи. This article focuses on some aspects of school education reform undertaken during the Meiji period (1868–1912). In the process of creating a Western-style education system, music was included in the curricula of primary and secondary schools as a compulsory subject. For singing, special anthologies «Shogaku shoka shu» were created and published in 1881–1884; their authors were the Japanese educator Isawa Shuji and the American music teacher and composer Luther Whiting Mason. The lyrics of new school songs were based on both themes and the principal of moral and ethical education of children and adolescents. Respect for the teacher and for society as a whole, perseverance, sympathy for others – these ideas currently continue to live and work, despite the pro-Western musical tastes of modern Japanese youth.
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McCully, Alan, and Fionnuala Waldron. "A Question of Identity? Purpose, Policy and Practice in the Teaching of History in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland." History Education Research Journal 11, no. 2 (May 1, 2013): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18546/herj.11.2.12.
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This article traces the evolution of history education, north and south of the Irish border since partition of the island in 1921. It begins with an historical overview of the situation common across Ireland prior to partition. Subsequent developments in history provision in elementary, primary and early secondary education are traced in each of the two jurisdictions that emerged after partition, the Irish Free State, which became the Republic of Ireland, and Northern Ireland. In each case, the educational and political imperatives of each, which shaped these changes, and resulted in divergence, are identified, analysed and compared. Evidence is drawn from the dominant literature in each jurisdiction and on relevant curriculum documents. The paper concludes by demonstrating that in a post-modern, increasingly globalised world, shared educational ideas and political aspirations emerging from the Irish peace process are acting to bring the respective history curricula back into symmetry and, thereby, providing opportunities for increased co-operation.
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Alsoudi, Khaled A. "Features of the Jordanian Cultural Identity in the Islamic Education Books for the Two Phases of Primary and Secondary Education in Jordan." World Journal of Education 7, no. 2 (April 15, 2017): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wje.v7n2p50.
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The study aimed to investigate the subjects relating to the features of Jordanian cultural identity in Islamic educationbooks for secondary and basic stages in Jordan which are (23) books through analyzing their content. For achievingthe goals of the study, the researcher prepared an analysis list included a number of sub-elements distributed ongeneral domains. The validity was checked by specialists. The readability was (87%).The results indicated that thetotal of frequencies relating to the features of Jordanian culture identity were (589). The most frequencies appearedin the domain of culture components (166) with ratio of (28.1%), followed by the domain of national cooperation'swith (113) frequencies and ratio of (19.1%). The domain of Jordanian geography was (111) frequencies and ratio of(19%), then the domain of history and genesis with (109) frequencies and ratio of (18.5%). the domain of currentJordanian role comes after with (54) frequencies and ratio of (92%).The least domain was the Hashemite leadershipwith (36) frequencies and ratio of (6.1%). Most of frequencies were in the 10th grade book with (178) frequenciesand ratio of (30.2%). The least frequencies were in the 8th grade book with (7) ) frequencies and ratio of (1.2%). Thestudy recommends that extra research and practice should be done benefiting from the analysis list used in this studywhen planning and setting up Islamic education books. The study suggested that other studies should be conductedrelating to features of Jordanian cultural identity in curricula and books.
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Marcelionienė, Elena. "The changes in the content and opportunities of literary education in primary school after the reestablishment of Lithuanian independence." Pedagogika 111, no. 2 (September 10, 2013): 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/p.2013.1799.
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The education reform carried out after Lithuania regained independence in 1990 has been extensively reported on and evaluated in a number of publications. This type of research is important not only in order to understand the history of Lithuanian education, but also to be able to formulate a perspective of education for future generations. Furthermore, having a thorough understanding of the education reform is also crucial for specialists in charge of the change of today‘s education, authors of alternative textbooks and teachers. The present article deals with a narrow yet fundamental field, i.e. literary education and its change in primary education after the education reform. The theoretical works and documents on aspects of cultural and educational policy written by Dr. M. Lukšienė and other authors of the education reform have influenced the new type of literary education in primary education. The results of a comparative analysis of former and integrated curricula and the contents of the fist integrated textbooks as well as aspects such as the depolitisation of education, integration of literary and language education, new criteria for choosing literary works and their analysis have been integrated into the scope of the article.
The changes in the school of independent Lithuania started with primary education. This may be the reason why Dr. Meilė Lukšienė, one of the authors of the education reform, focused on the implementation of the curriculum of primary education. She guided the authors of the integrated programme of the Lithuanian language (1992) and reviewed and evaluated the textbooks of the Lithuanian language written in the framework of this programme (1992–1996).
Throughout the Soviet occupation, the teaching of Lithuanian in primary education was subdivided into segments such as coherent speech, reading, writing, grammar etc. The teaching of Lithuanian was also imbued with Soviet ideology, clearly delineated and academic. The introduction of a new segment into the curriculum of Lithuanian as the first language, i.e. ‘Coherent speech’ was supposed to act as a link between the different parts of the curriculum. It is hard to say whether the aims stipulated in the curriculum were actually achieved in the educational process; however, they were clearly not present in the teaching materials used back then: different textbooks of the different parts of the curriculum were written by different authors who were only interested in serving the purposes of their segments of the curriculum. ‘Coherent speech’ was ultimately to take form of an exercise book.
This type of teaching and learning was criticised by some Lithuanian linguists, writers and pedagogues. Dr. Meilė Lukšienė underscored the importance of the national culture in educating the young generation in the Soviet period. After regaining independence it was crucial to change and depoliticize language education. A new concept of education was introduced by Dr. Meilė Lukšienė and her colleagues. The concept focuses on the child and not on the subject matter. Their input and insights have helped to create new tendencies of language education. The article focuses on the results of a comparative analysis of integrated and former curricula of the Lithuanian language. Furthermore, the fundamental differences between the goals stipulated in the former and integrated curricula are highlighted. The new curriculum consists of the following central points: 1. integration of literary and language education, 2. prioritizing folklore, ethnography, national literature as part of the national culture, 3. the artistic quality of literary works, 4. differentiated education of the learner’s feelings, creativity and thinking capacity.
The new tendencies were implemented in the integrated textbooks Šaltinėlis and Šaltinis (written by Elena Marcelionienė and Vida Plentaitė). Th textbooks have a clear system consisting of two planes: fist, a framework encompassing introduction to reading, literary and basic cultural skills was set up. Secondly, guidelines for language education based on the different stages of the child‘s development were introduced. The integration of the two planes has made the teaching of Lithuanian more practical: in this way, the child’s speech and language are developed through experience and the comprehension of texts becomes more complete and emotional, which is very important in the child’s education.
The ongoing education reform focuses on the differentiation and individualization of education. These two features of education, extensively described by Dr. Lukšienė in her concept of national education, are essential in improving the curriculum of Lithuanian in primary education.
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KOCHARYAN, TIGRAN. "POLITICAL AND LEGAL CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENTS OF THE MILITARY EDUCATION SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA." Main Issues Of Pedagogy And Psychology 2, no. 2 (September 11, 2013): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/miopap.v2i2.280.
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Within the framework of shaping systemic military thinking with regard for its national interests an important part is assigned to the modernization of the military education system, the increase of the effectiveness of educational programs and curricula. The education is process of forming fundamental, including basic special knowledge, ability to think analytically. The field of military education and personnel management is regarded as the primary factor for ensuring the defense system and combat capability of the Armed Forces. In this context, the history of development of the military education system in the RA Armed Forces is examined, and the main directions of its development are analyzed. The reforming of the system of military education is gradually under way in separate areas by broadening the range of changes based on the positive results. The Armenian officer should be the bearer of the national ideology. At the same time, he must be perceived by the public as the symbol of honesty and education.
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Bates, Victoria. "Yesterday’s Doctors: The Human Aspects of Medical Education in Britain, 1957–93." Medical History 61, no. 1 (December 21, 2016): 48–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2016.100.
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In the wake of the Second World War there was a movement to counterbalance the apparently increasingly technical nature of medical education. These reforms sought a more holistic model of care and to put people – rather than diseases – back at the centre of medical practice and medical education. This article shows that students often drove the early stages of education reform. Their innovations focused on relationships between doctors and their communities, and often took the form of informal discussions about medical ethics and the social dimensions of primary care. Medical schools began to pursue ‘humanistic’ education more formally from the 1980s onwards, particularly within the context of general practice curricula and with a focus on individual doctor–patient relationships. Overall from the 1950s to the 1990s there was a broad shift in discussions of the human aspects of medical education: from interest in patient communities to individuals; from social concerns to personal characteristics; and from the relatively abstract to the measurable and instrumental. There was no clear shift from ‘less’ to ‘more’ humanistic education, but rather a shift in the perceived goals of integrating human aspects of medical education. The human aspects of medicine show the importance of student activism in driving forward community and ethical medicine, and provide an important backdrop to the rise of competencies within general undergraduate education.
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Woyshner, Christine. "“No Unfavorable Comments from Any Quarter”: Teaching Black History to White Students in the American South, 1928–1943." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 114, no. 10 (October 2012): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811211401001.
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Background/Context The history curriculum is often used to help reach the goal of racial tolerance and understanding by teaching about the nation's diversity. Many educators believe that teaching about diverse peoples in schools will bring about greater equity in society. This historical study looks at the segregated American South from 1928 to 1943 and an effort by a mixed-race voluntary organization to teach Black history in White schools. Focus of Study This study examines the efforts of the Commission on Interracial Cooperation (CIC), beginning in 1928, to promote the teaching of Black history in southern segregated schools in an effort to bring about greater racial tolerance and awareness. The CIC circulated a booklet, which was a short history of African Americans titled “America's Tenth Man,” and invited schools to submit essays on Black history for cash prizes. The contests ran from 1928 until 1943, when the CIC was renamed the Southern Regional Council, which reflected a change in the organization's emphasis on regional planning. Research Design This is a historical examination of teaching Black history in segregated schools. The author relies on primary sources—including teachers’ reports, correspondence, and students’ projects—and secondary studies in the history of education and the curriculum. Conclusions By challenging historians’ views of the CIC—that the organization was largely ineffectual and that its Tenth Man contests did not result in any measureable improvement in race relations in the South—the author raises questions about the implementation of Black history curricula in order to influence students’ behavior and attitudes about race. Likewise, the author shows how White teachers were outspoken activists for Black history in schools. The study concludes that the teaching of Black history to White students was not uniform and was ideologically diverse.
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Kuliś, Jakub. "Transitions in the Way Germans and Polish-German Relations Were Presented in the Primary Schools of the Polish People’s Republic." Historia scholastica 8, no. 1 (August 2022): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.15240/tul/006/2022-1-004.
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The aim of the article is to show the changes in the perception of Germans and Polish-German relations in the education of the People’s Republic of Poland. This problem is related to the changes in the domestic politics of post-war Poland and both German states. The paper is devoted to the evolution of the perception of Poland’s western neighbor from the post-war period to the end of the Polish People’s Republic, i.e. until 1989. The study presents the beginnings of the anti-German narration, caused by war trauma, which has intensified since 1949 due to pressure which has been exerted by communist government. The next part shows in which places the end of Stalinism and the takeover of power by Władysław Gomułka softened the perception of Federal Republic of Germany. The next phase was opened by the recognition of the western border of Poland by the Federal Republic of Germany on December 7, 1970. This event entailed a gradual liberalization of the recognition of the German problem in the curricula. Undoubtedly, this tendency deepened in the decade of Edward Gierek’s rule due to the problems of the Polish People’s Republic with the repayment of foreign debt, partly also in West Germany. In the early 1980s, the establishment of The Independent and Self-Governing Trade Union Solidarność brought a new quality. Thanks to them the methods of showing Germans (and Polish education as a whole) started a slowly evolution to eliminate the communist propaganda. The school subjects which received the most attention were history, German language, Polish language and geography, because during these lessons the issues related to Germany were most often discussed. The work was created on the basis of selected textbooks and curricula.
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Senkina, Anna. "THE SCHOOL READING BOOK IN THE RUSSIAN PARLIAMENT, OR ON AN EPISODE IN THE HISTORY OF CENSORSHIP AND CRITICISM OF EDUCATIONAL LITERATURE IN THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY." Children's Readings: Studies in Children's Literature 22, no. 2 (2022): 104–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/2304-5817-2022-2-22-104-131.
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This article discusses a unique precedent in Russian history when the textbook for elementary schools became the subject of parliamentary debate. In March 1913, a group of right-wing members of the State Council appealed to the Minister of Public Education for permission to use the 3rd part of the “Nov’” reading book by N. Tulupov and P. Shestakov in elementary schools. The interpellents argued that in Nov’; and a number of other primary school textbooks approved by the ministry, the authors’ biased texts were anti-monarchical and anti-state, pitting one class against another, killing the people’s religiosity and developing anti-militaristic sentiments. The parliamentarians involved in the debate found themselves in the unusual role of literary critics, children’s reading leaders, and experts in primary education. An analysis of this mishap, its background and consequences, and the discussion in the State Council itself reveals that in the interrevolutionary decade other institutional players besides the state emerged in the field of education policy: zemstvos, school and school boards of trustees, teachers’ public organizations, educational periodicals and, later, political parties. In the absence of curricula for primary schools, the content of teaching was in fact determined by the educational literature that the zemstvo purchased for the schools in its district, choosing from an extensive list of publications permitted by the Ministry. However, state censorship was not an obstacle to the active work of liberally-minded educators in publishing and promoting textbooks, which provoked such a strong reaction from right-wing conservatives. The reading book became the subject of a political struggle for the opportunity to determine the ideological agenda of public education.
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Vidmar, Tadej. "The Development and the Demise of Protestant Provincial Schools in Inner Austria." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History 65, no. 4 (2020): 1147–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu02.2020.408.
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This paper analyzes and clarifies motivations and reasons for a short but intensive development of the secondary level of schooling followed by a sudden end, especially of the so-called Provincial schools, in three Inner Austrian lands (Carniola, Styria and Carinthia) in the 16th century. The situation regarding the organization of schooling in the 16th century was incomparable with the situation in the states headed by the Protestant rulers. Nevertheless, a type of Protestant gymnasium emerged here, which was called Provincial school (Landschaftsschule) and which also required some prior elementary knowledge for enrollment. For each of the three lands — Carniola, Carinthia and Styria — the establishment of the Provincial School was the first actual opportunity for the foundation of a central institution providing not only elementary knowledge, but also higher levels of education partly comparable to the curricula of the faculties of arts. Unfortunately, at the end of the 16th century, the development of the Provincial Schools was forcibly stopped. The article is based upon a thorough analysis and comparison of the relevant primary and secondary sources (in Latin, Slovene, German and English). The results show that all three school underwent similar phases of development and the same sudden termination, despite different inner circumstances, material foundations and time frame. In any case, the three Provincial Schools played an important part in the development of humanistic education on the territory of modern Republic of Slovenia and the Republic of Austria.
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Rodrigues, Isilda Teixeira. "A História da Ciência na formação inicial de professores de ciências." História da Ciência e Ensino: construindo interfaces 20 (December 18, 2019): 2–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.23925/2178-2911.2019v20p2-14.
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Resumo No Currículo do Ensino Básico em Portugal(1) considera-se importante que os alunos conheçam relatos de como ideias foram divulgadas, aceites, desenvolvidas, substituídas ou rejeitadas e ainda que reconheçam que o conhecimento científico está em evolução permanente, sendo um conhecimento inacabado. Embora se constate, da análise dos programas, que a História da Ciência adquire maior importância ao longo dos níveis de ensino (do Ensino Básico para o Ensino Secundário), há ainda, na nossa opinião, muito a ser feito. A utilização da História da Ciência no ensino das ciências traz para o centro dos problemas educativos a formação de professores. Não serve de nada mudar os currículos, se não houver mudanças nos professores que os implementam. Nesta comunicação pretendemos analisar as alterações nos planos de estudos dos cursos de formação de professores de Ciências em Portugal, nos últimos 15 anos. Verificámos, que apesar de esta temática ter sido introduzida nos currículos dos ensinos básico e secundário, com o processo de Bolonha, ela deixou de existir nos planos de estudos em algumas universidades que fazem formação inicial de professores de ciências.1 - DEB, Orientações Curriculares para o 3o Ciclo do Ensino Básico – Ciências Físicas e Naturais. Lisboa: Ministério da Educação, 2001. Palavras-chave: História da Ciência, Planos de Estudos, Formação inicial, Ensino das Ciências Abstract In the Curriculum of Basic Education in Portugal it is important that the students know about how ideas have been divulged, accepted, developed, substituted or rejected and that they recognize that scientific knowledge is in constant evolution, being an unfinished knowledge. Although it is clear from the analysis of the programs that the history of science is becoming more important throughout the educational levels (from elementary school to secondary education), there is still a lot to be done in our opinion. The use of the History of Science in the teaching, brings to the center of educational problems the formation of teachers. It is no use changing the curricula if there are no changes in the teachers who implement them. In this paper, we intend to analyze the changes in the study plans of the science teacher training courses in Portugal in the last 15 years. We verified that although this theme was introduced in the curricula of primary and secondary education, with the Bolonha process, it no longer exists in the curricula in some universities that form teachers. Keywords: History of Science, Science Teaching, Study Plans
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Yancheva, Milena. "APPLYING CLIL TEACHING METHOD IN PRIMARY SCHOOL CLASSES." Education and Technologies Journal 12, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 454–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26883/2010.212.3644.
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In today’s dynamic, rapidly evolving and changing world, there are a number of challenges facing various spheres of public life, in particular the educational process. Teachers find that nowadays a major problem in school education is the weak and declining motivation of students to learn. Teachers are looking for ways to increase students’ interest in the subject they teach. In the last 30 years, the only major development in foreign language teaching has been the introduction of information and computer technology in teaching. In this regard, the CLIL method can be said to be a means of overcoming the stagnation in the teaching of foreign languages and to increase students’ interest in both the topic studied and the language in which it is taught. This report reviews the history of the CLIL method, its theoretical foundations and applications. The legislative support of the method is indicated both by the educational policy of the European Union and by the foreign language curricula in Bulgaria. The main characteristics of the method, which make it an effective method for the development of skills in the 21st century, are also considered. The conclusions are based on twenty teaching practices, developed by the method in the Primary Stage of „Petko R. Slaveykov“ Secondary School, town of Varna. They illustrate its effectiveness, increased interest among students and lasting knowledge of the language and non-language subject. Opinions of parents and students and fellow teachers were analyzed.
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Anae, Nicole. "“Among the Boer Children”." History of Education Review 45, no. 1 (June 6, 2016): 28–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-12-2014-0049.
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Purpose – There exists no detailed account of the 40 Australian women teachers employed within the “concentration camps” established by British forces in the Orange River and Transvaal colonies during the Boer War. The purpose of this paper is to critically respond to this dearth in historiography. Design/methodology/approach – A large corpus of newspaper accounts represents the richest, most accessible and relatively idiosyncratic source of data concerning this contingent of women. The research paper therefore interprets concomitant print-based media reports of the period as a resource for educational and historiographical data. Findings – Towards the end of the Boer War in South Africa (1899-1902) a total of 40 Australian female teachers – four from Queensland, six from South Australia, 14 from Victoria and 16 from New South Wales – successfully answered the imperial call conscripting educators for schools within “concentration camps” established by British forces in the Orange River and Transvaal colonies. Women’s exclusive participation in this initiative, while ostensibly to teach the Boer children detained within these camps, also exerted an influential effect on the popular consciousness in reimagining cultural ideals about female teachers’ professionalism in ideological terms. Research limitations/implications – One limitation of the study relates to the dearth in official records about Australian women teachers in concentration camps given that; not only are Boer War-related records generally difficult to source; but also that even the existent data is incomplete with many chapters missing completely from record. Therefore, while the data about these women is far from complete, the account in terms of newspaper reports relies on the existent accounts of them typically in cases where their school and community observe their contributions to this military campaign and thus credit them with media publicity. Originality/value – The paper’s originality lies in recovering the involvement of a previously underrepresented contingent of Australian women teachers while simultaneously offering a primary reading of the ideological work this involvement played in influencing the political narrative of Australia’s educational involvement in the Boer War.
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Fizeshi, Oktaviia. "The Peculiarities of Preparation of Masters for Teaching of the Pedagogical Disciplines in the Institutions of Higher Pedagogical Education." Revista Romaneasca pentru Educatie Multidimensionala 12, no. 4 (2020): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/rrem/12.4/336.
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The prerequisite for ensuring the professional training of masters in the specialty "The Primary Education" in Ukraine is the formation of their professional competence to teach in the higher education institutions. After all, in addition to qualifying as a primary school teacher, they are also qualified as the teacher of pedagogy. Accordingly, the preparation of the modern primary school teacher requires the organization of the educational process in higher education on a scientific humanistic basis which provides purposeful systematic provision of psychological and pedagogical training of scientific and pedagogical staff for the higher education institutions of different levels of accreditation for their interaction with students. This article summarizes the author's experience of studying the teaching methods of the disciplines "Fundamentals of Pedagogy", "Didactics", "Theory and Methods of Education", "Socio-pedagogical Fundamentals of Educational Management" and "History of Pedagogy". In particular, theoretical and aspects of students' methodical activity are revealed: active listening, participation in dialogue and discussion during lectures, observation of pedagogical classes from different sections (basics of pedagogy, didactics, theory of education, history of pedagogy), development of the text of lectures on separate topics, micro-teaching and analysis of pedagogical situations, their modeling, execution of creative tasks, production of visual material. Preparation of the masters for teaching of pedagogical disciplines in the institutions of higher pedagogical education facilitates their mastery of the basic concepts and categories of pedagogy, historical aspects of the formation of pedagogy as a science, current trends in education; the content of pedagogical disciplines in the institutions of higher pedagogical education; features of the education process, its regularities and principles, the methods and organizational forms, etc. Also, in the process of studying the methodology of teaching pedagogical disciplines, the masters have the ability to prepare curricula for disciplines; to plan and conduct various types of training (lectures, seminars and practical classes); to control and diagnose students' educational achievements; to organize various types of cognitive work with students, etc.
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Margolis, Eric. "Representations of Race, Gender and Ability in School Photography." education policy analysis archives 8 (July 4, 2000): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v8n31.2000.
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This article examines photographs taken of American public school classes between the 1880's and the 1940's. Most of the images were found in two virtual archives: The American Memory site at the Library of Congress and The National Archives and Record Center. These very large photograph collections were searched for representations of race, gender, and physical ability. The photographs were compared and contrasted and analyzed for elements of hidden curricula using techniques drawn from the social sciences and humanities. It was found that these large photo collections have significant gaps and historical amnesias. Collections made under conditions of racial segregation are themselves segregated and continue to reproduce images of hierarchy and dominance. To the extent these sites function as important resources for teachers and students searching for primary source documents for history and social studies projects, the archives convey significantly biased views of the history of education and minority groups in America.
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Žemgulienė, Aušra. "Historic Time Perception in Primary Classes: Educational Expectations and Achievements." Acta Paedagogica Vilnensia 44 (September 1, 2020): 114–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/actpaed.44.8.
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History teaching has been raising many didactic issues recently. First, the concept of the very discipline of history has been undergoing changes; the aim of school education is being shifted from memorizing pre-defined content toward developing historical literacy based on critical thinking and the development of historical research skills. Second, admitting the impact of the sociocultural context on pupil achievement, the attitude toward children’s receptive skills and their development has been gaining new perspectives. This is of high importance in primary education, where a heroic story is often still dominant. At present, the discourse of primary education curriculum change emphasizes the attractive communication of scientific knowledge and the demand for active research to broaden children’s deep understanding. However, the development of historical literacy in primary classes still remains to be complicated, since, on the one hand, it requires new landmarks – what and how to teach, and on the other hand, research in this field has been very limited.In Lithuania, there is an intention to re-new the curricula in all the fields. Therefore, it becomes relevant to analyze what skills to understand historical time should be developed in primary classes. This scientific problem is solved by carrying out a qualitative analysis of the content of the primary education curriculum. Based on the chosen model of understanding historical time (De Groot-Reuvekamp, Ros, Van Boxtel, Oort 2015), this article analyzes the extent to which the curriculum requirements of history teaching correspond to the goals and comprehension levels of the model (A – Emergent; B – Initial; C – Continued) and what should be improved when updating the curriculum. The last stage of research contains the research data supplemented with data gathered by a survey of the primary teachers and prospective primary teachers, who are in the final year of their Childhood Pedagogy university studies. The respondents defined, in written form, their expectations regarding the skills of historic time perception, which should be developed so that primary school students would understand what historic time is.The research results reveal that the present curriculum requirements for the primary school pupils are low. They lead toward the stage of acquiring understanding (A – Emergent) rather than Initial (B) or Continued (C) stages. Descriptions of program knowledge, understanding, and procedural skills do not reflect growth-oriented expectations and research-based learning outcomes. The analysis of results have shown that their expectations do not correspond to the conclusions made by the latest academic research about the primary age student learning achievement possibilities. The study revealed that teachers’ and students’ express higher expectations for student achievement than the program. Therefore, while revisiting the curriculum, it is important to pay more attention to the development of historical research and higher thinking skills, which would be a significant step toward gaining a deeper understanding of historic time.
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Bickford, John H., and Megan Lindsay. "Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s historical representation within children’s and young adult literature." Social Studies Research and Practice 12, no. 2 (September 11, 2017): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssrp-04-2017-0012.
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Purpose Education initiatives require substantive changes for history, social studies, English, and language arts teachers of any grade level. History and social studies teachers are to integrate multiple texts from diverse perspectives, which increases teachers’ uses of trade books and primary sources; English and language arts teachers are to spend half their allotted time on non-fiction topics, which enhances the position of historical content. The compulsory changes are not accompanied with ready-made curricula. Trade books are a logical starting point for teachers inexperienced with the new expectations, yet, research indicates that historical inaccuracies and misrepresentations frequently emerge. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The authors’ inquiry explored trade books’ historical representation of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, America’s longest serving president. The data pool was organized by early grades (Kindergarten-4), middle grades (5-8), and high school (9-12) to contrast patterns of representation between and within grade ranges. Findings Findings included patterns of representation regarding Roosevelt’s noteworthiness and accomplishments, advantages and assistances, and moral and political mistakes. Social implications Classroom suggestions included guiding students to identify historical gaps and interrogate primary sources to fill these gaps. Originality/value Similar research has not been conducted on this historical figure.
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Rusu, Mihai Stelian. "’Civilising’ the Transitional Generation: The Politics of Civic Education in Post-Communist Romania." Social Change Review 17, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 116–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/scr-2019-0005.
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Abstract The paper examines the introduction of civic education in post-communist Romania as an educational means of civilising in a democratic ethos the children of the transition. Particularly close analytical attention is paid to a) the political context that shaped the decision to introduce civic education, b) the radical changes in both content and end purpose of civics brought about by educational policies adopted for accelerating the country’s efforts of integrating into the Euro-Atlantic structures (NATO and the European Union), and c) the actual consequences that these educational policies betting on civics have had on the civic values expressed by Romanian teenagers. The analysis rests on an extensive sample of schoolbooks and curricula of civic education, civic culture, and national history used in primary and secondary education between 1992 (when civics was first introduced) and 2007 (when Romania joined the EU). Drawing on critical discourse analysis, the paper argues that a major discursive shift had taken place between 1999 and 2006, propelled by Romania’s accelerated efforts to join the EU. Set in motion by the new National Curriculum of 1998, the content of civics textbooks went through a dramatic change from a nationalist ethos towards a Europeanist orientation. The paper identifies and explores the consequences of a substantial shift from a heroic paradigm of celebrating the nation’s identity and monumentalised past towards a reflexive post-heroic model of celebrating the country’s European vocation.
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Melnychuk, Anastasia. "THE DIMENSION OF «EXPERIMENTAL CULTURE»: ANATOMY, SOCIAL PEDOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGICAL REFLEXOLOGY AS COMPONENTS OF ART EDUCATION AT THE KYIV ART INSTITUTE." Research and methodological works of the National Academy of Visual Arts and Architecture, no. 30 (December 9, 2021): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33838/naoma.30.2021.77-82.
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Abstract. The article examines the problems of art education in the 1920s of Kyiv Art Institute in the context of interdisciplinary links and tasks of ideological education. The educational process in art educational institutions, such as Kyiv Art Institute, received its ideological and philosophical basis in the early Soviet period, according to which traditional approaches to art education were deconstructed, curricula were changed, new disciplines were introduced, etc. Understanding the essence of the educational process in this period is the key to understanding the artistic culture of the early USSR in general. In the course of this study, both general scientific methods, such as formal analysis, historical, biographical, typologically systematic, problem and logical, and empirical, as well as cultural and historical, which belongs to art history methods, were used. For the first time, this study highlights the origins and stages of formation of such disciplines as Anatomy, Social Pedology and Physiological Reflexology, which were taught at Kyiv Art Institute in the 1920s of the 20th century. The article makes up for an insufficiency in the data about the history of development and scientific and methodological approach in teaching these disciplines based on the autor’s processing of archival documentation kept in the funds of the Central State Archive Museum of Literature and Art of Ukraine. The aim of the article is to study the curriculum of the Kyiv Art Institute in the 1920s of the 20th century on the basis of primary sources, to analyze new approaches and interdisciplinary connections of the new curriculum, the place and significance of such disciplines as Anatomy, Social Pedology and Physiological Reflexology. The article is based on primary sources and archival data, such as abstracts of lectures on Ukrainian, Pedology, Anatomy, Philosophy, which were listened to by Professor O. K. Bohomazov, were found by the author of the article in the funds of the Central State Archive Museum of Literature and Art of Ukraine.
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Vilchkovska, Anastasia. "The state of musical education of schoolchildren in Poland in the post-war period (40-60 years of the XX century)." Pedagogìčnij časopis Volinì 1(16), no. 2020 (2020): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/2415-8143-2020-01-14-21.
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Relevance of research. The nearest Ukraine in terms of geographical location, culture, centuries-old historical ties and Slavic mentality is Poland. For the history of pedagogy in particular, the system of music education of schoolchildren is interesting to explore and analyze the difficult time of reconstruction of school education in Poland after the Second Word War, which killed 17% of the population. The purpose of the study is to analyze form and content of music education of Polish schoolchildren in the postwar (40-60 years of the 20th century). Research methods. Analysis and synthesis of Polish scientific and pedagogical literature on music education of schoolchildren, regulations, school curricula and program, materials of scientific and practical conferences empirical and independent data. Research results. After the end of the Second World War and the liberation of Poland from German occupation, the reconstruction of the virtually completely destroyed school system and the creation of new education system based on different ideological, political and economic principles before the pre-war period began. The restructuring of the school education system involved, firs of all, the definition of the new educational goal, which was set before the school. It was based on the idea of harmonious development of personality. A significant role in this process was given to the musical education of schoolchildren. The subject of “Singing” was introduced into the curricula of primary schools (grades 1-7), which had two hours in grades 1-5 and one hour in grades 6-7, as well as two hours for school choir classes pre week. A significant role in the development of the system of music education of foreign teachers-musicologists: E.Jagues-Dalcroze, Z. Kodály, James L. Mursell, C. Orff and others. They adapted to the conditions and Polish educational traditions. In the 1962, the name of the subject “Singing” was changed to “Music Education”, which was in line with pedagogical functions. Conclusions. In the postwar (40-60's) the modernization of the system of music education of schoolchildren was carried out. The organization content and forms of music education in secondary schools were based on the concepts of well-known in Europe scientists, teachers, musicologists, composers [É.Jagues. Dalkroze, Z. Kodály, J. Mursell, C. Orff], who adapted in accordance with the conditions and national Polish educational traditions. The musical education of the younger generation was greatly influenced by ideological and sociopolitical factors that determined the functioning of the socialist society of the Polish People's Republic.
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Bickford, John H. "Abraham Lincoln’s historical representation in children’s literature and young adult trade books." Social Studies Research and Practice 13, no. 2 (September 10, 2018): 147–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssrp-12-2017-0068.
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Purpose History-based trade books have an important and expanding role in various curricula. Contemporary education initiatives urge English and language arts educators to spend half their time on non-fiction and history and social studies teachers to include diverse sources starting in the early grades. Diverse professional organizations annually make financial commitments to promote new trade books. Research indicates misrepresentations abound in history-based trade books, yet few empirical studies have been completed. The purpose of this paper is to research examine the historical representation of Abraham Lincoln, arguably the most consequential nineteenth-century American. Design/methodology/approach Data samples included trade books intended for early grades and middle grades students. These grade ranges were selected because these students have the least prior knowledge and are perhaps most dependent on the text. Qualitative content analysis research methods were employed. Findings Misrepresentations emerged regarding Lincoln’s poverty, actions, motivations for actions, and implications of his actions as seemingly necessary historical content was minimized, vaguely included, or omitted. Findings are juxtaposed across and between selected grade ranges. Practical implications Discussion focused on the significance of findings for teachers and researchers. Teachers are guided to supplement trade books with primary sources to position students to distinguish historical misrepresentations. Originality/value This research builds on previous scholarship on Lincoln-based trade books by expanding grade range, data samples and research questions.
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Curtis, Kate, Margaret Fry, Sarah Kourouche, Belinda Kennedy, Julie Considine, Hatem Alkhouri, Mary Lam, et al. "Implementation evaluation of an evidence-based emergency nursing framework (HIRAID): study protocol for a step-wedge randomised control trial." BMJ Open 13, no. 1 (January 2023): e067022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067022.
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IntroductionPoor patient assessment results in undetected clinical deterioration. Yet, there is no standardised assessment framework for >29 000 Australian emergency nurses. To reduce clinical variation and increase safety and quality of initial emergency nursing care, the evidence-based emergency nursing framework HIRAID (History, Identify Red flags, Assessment, Interventions, Diagnostics, communication and reassessment) was developed and piloted. This paper presents the rationale and protocol for a multicentre clinical trial of HIRAID.Methods and analysisUsing an effectiveness-implementation hybrid design, the study incorporates a stepped-wedge cluster randomised controlled trial of HIRAID at 31 emergency departments (EDs) in New South Wales, Victoria and Queensland. The primary outcomes are incidence of inpatient deterioration related to ED care, time to analgesia, patient satisfaction and medical satisfaction with nursing clinical handover (effectiveness). Strategies that optimise HIRAID uptake (implementation) and implementation fidelity will be determined to assess if HIRAID was implemented as intended at all sites.Ethics and disseminationEthics has been approved for NSW sites through Greater Western Human Research Ethics Committee (2020/ETH02164), and for Victoria and Queensland sites through Royal Brisbane & Woman’s Hospital Human Research Ethics Committee (2021/QRBW/80026). The final phase of the study will integrate the findings in a toolkit for national rollout. A dissemination, communications (variety of platforms) and upscaling strategy will be designed and actioned with the organisations that influence state and national level health policy and emergency nurse education, including the Australian Commission for Quality and Safety in Health Care. Scaling up of findings could be achieved by embedding HIRAID into national transition to nursing programmes, ‘business as usual’ ED training schedules and university curricula.Trial registration numberACTRN12621001456842.
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Gadjieva, Zarema N., and Madina B. Gimbatova. "WOMEN’S EDUCATION IN DAGESTAN (SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH – EARLY 20TH CENTURIES)." History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus 16, no. 4 (December 18, 2020): 940–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32653/ch164940-951.
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The article is devoted to the history of the development of female education in the Dagestan region in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries. It examines the system of women’s education, features of its development, formation, support and organization of the educational process, its impact on the education system of Dagestan as a whole. The chronological framework of the study covers the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries. During this period, religious schools functioned in parallel with Russian educational institutions, which emerged in the places of deployment of military units and settlements with a Russian-speaking population. An important issue, reflected in the study, is the disclosure of the peculiarities of homeschooling, the content of which depended on the preferences of parents.
An analysis of the diverse historical literature made it possible to conclude that women’s educational institutions in pre-revolutionary Dagestan, regardless of their form and content of education, raised the educational and cultural level of girls, introduced them to the achievements of world culture, and prepared them for family life.
The teaching process in religious and Russian schools varied greatly. Thus, for example, Muslim traditional education was divided into two stages. Dagestan people received their primary education in maktabs (mosque schools), the main goal of which was to teach reading and writing in Arabic and reading the Koran, to introduce students to the scientific achievements of the Muslim Orient. After that, those wishing to gain in-depth knowledge of classical Muslim sciences continued their studies in numerous madrasahs, the level of which varied depending on the established traditions and teaching staff.
In Russian schools, the educational process was regulated by the curriculum and curricula in general subjects, theology and home economics. The task of Russian schools was to help students integrate into the all-Russian cultural field, to introduce them to the achievements of Russian and European cultures.