Relevant bibliographies by topics / Education Nauru

Academic literature on the topic 'Education Nauru'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Education Nauru"

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Page, Angela, Jeanette Berman, and Penelope Serow. "Parent and Teacher Attitudes Towards Inclusive Education in Nauru." Australasian Journal of Special and Inclusive Education 44, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 116–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jsi.2020.10.

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AbstractIt is recognised that the attitudes of parents and teachers are important in supporting inclusive education in developing countries. This study involved the application of quantitative research through the administration of a survey to determine the attitudes of parents and teachers in the Republic of Nauru. The results have provided preliminary data regarding attitudes related to the emergence of inclusive education in Nauru. Parents were more positive concerning issues that relate directly to the educational benefits of their children over more general benefits of inclusion in education. At this stage, teachers report higher levels of positive attitude than parents. A more fine-grained level of analysis revealed that there is a wide range of attitudes to aspects of education for students with disabilities, and areas of expertise needed to support inclusive education. This research has provided an understanding of current parental and teacher attitudes and levels of existing teacher expertise towards inclusion that is able to inform future policy development in Nauru.
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Sullivan, Terence, Penelope Serow, Neil Taylor, Emily Angell, Jodana Tarrant, Greg Burnett, and Dianne Smardon. "Supporting families: a nurturing teacher education strategy in Nauru." Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education 45, no. 1 (November 25, 2015): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1359866x.2015.1115821.

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Donehue, Tracey E. "Displacement identity in transit." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 40, no. 3 (December 31, 2017): 218–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.17019.don.

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Abstract Based on Darvin and Norton’s (2015) reconceptualization of identity theory highlighting the recursive relationship between identity, capital, and ideology, this study posits that refugee and asylum seeker adolescents and adults in transit on Nauru are ascribed a ‘displacement identity’ through externally imposed normative ideologies. In addressing the issue of normative ideologies, this article draws on my experience as an English as an Additional Language (EAL) teacher at the Nauru Regional [refugee] Processing Centre and employs KhosraviNik’s (2010a) systematic model of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to explore the representations of ‘displacement’ inherent in a corpus of texts accessed by those displaced on Nauru. This analysis suggests that an externally ascribed displacement identity is evident in normative ideologies. As Darvin and Norton’s identity theory situates language learning investment at the dynamic intersection of identity, capital, and ideology, further qualitative research on internally inhabited displacement identity formation and symbolic capital affordances is now required. Such research would aid in the development of pedagogical approaches to enable education in sites of transitory settlement to be a re-humanising and transformative experience that engages marginalized language learners, promotes positive identities and thus optimizes language learning investment.
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Dechent, Susanna, Sharmin Tania, and Jackie Mapulanga-Hulston. "Asylum Seeker Children in Nauru: Australia’s International Human Rights Obligations and Operational Realities." International Journal of Refugee Law 31, no. 1 (March 2019): 83–131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eez021.

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Abstract This article examines if Australia’s policy and law regarding asylum seeker and refugee children in Nauru are consistent with its international legal obligations under the terms of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). Under article 3 of the CRC, Australia is required to consider the best interests of each child within its jurisdiction. It is also bound by the CRC prohibition on arbitrary detention and obligations derived from Convention rights relating to health, education, and family matters. To assess Australia’s law and policy, the article draws on the findings of recent inquiries and reports that examine how detention and conditions at the processing centre and in the community in Nauru have impacted on the mental and physical well-being of children. The article highlights gaps in the implementation of Convention rights and draws together the findings and recommendations made in recent reports to assist in the development of suitable solutions. It concludes that Australia’s treatment of asylum seeker and refugee children violates key obligations under the CRC and that, accordingly, Australia should remove these children from Nauru and settle them in Australia.
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Wiseman, Martin, and Shannon O’Gorman. "Seeking Refuge: Implications when Integrating Refugee and Asylum Seeker Students into a Mainstream Australian School." Discourse and Communication for Sustainable Education 8, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dcse-2017-0004.

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Abstract This article describes one school’s response to the inclusion and education of refugee and asylum seeker students within a mainstream educational setting. Australian government statistics released on 31 March 2016 stated that there were presently 50 children being held on Nauru, 17 children held in detention on the mainland and 317 children held in community detention on the mainland (ChilOut, 2016). Refugee and asylum seeking students are subject to the impact of war and conflict; the cumulative time spent in detention may severely limit a young person’s access to formal education. Whilst it is understood that children will benefit from access to education, the reality is that “little appears to have been written on asylum seekers” in an educational context (Reakes, 2007, p. 94). This represents a concern when it is acknowledged that “sustaining teachers in culturally and linguistically diverse schools has been a prominent issue for years” (Williams, Edwards, Kuhel, & Lim, 2016, p. 17). This article responds to the limitations of current literature by articulating considerations that would likely assist other schools seeking to establish similar inclusive frameworks. Specifically, the thematic grouping of staff observations seek to articulate the cultural considerations that likely influence the sustainability of an inclusive and liberating approach to integrative school enrolment. This paper draws on the authors’ observations and experiences in schools, the published literature and the observations of the two authors – specifically, drawing on their educational and therapeutic expertise. These observations are then grouped into themes outlined by Akinsulure-Smith and O’Hara (2012) as key reasons for therapeutic referral, namely: employment barriers, medical challenges, language barriers, social services and legal challenges.
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McLennan, Amy K., and Stanley J. Ulijaszek. "Obesity emergence in the Pacific islands: why understanding colonial history and social change is important." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 8 (August 29, 2014): 1499–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001400175x.

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AbstractObjectiveBetween 1980 and 2008, two Pacific island nations – Nauru and the Cook Islands – experienced the fastest rates of increasing BMI in the world. Rates were over four times higher than the mean global BMI increase. The aim of the present paper is to examine why these populations have been so prone to obesity increases in recent times.DesignThree explanatory frames that apply to both countries are presented: (i) geographic isolation and genetic predisposition; (ii) small population and low food production capacity; and (iii) social change under colonial influence. These are compared with social changes documented by anthropologists during the colonial and post-colonial periods.SettingNauru and the Cook Islands.ResultsWhile islands are isolated, islanders are interconnected. Similarly, islands are small, but land use is socially determined. While obesity affects individuals, islanders are interdependent. New social values, which were rapidly propagated through institutions such as the colonial system of education and the cash economy, are today reflected in all aspects of islander life, including diet. Such historical social changes may predispose societies to obesity.ConclusionsColonial processes may have put in place the conditions for subsequent rapidly escalating obesity. Of the three frameworks discussed, social change under colonial influence is not immutable to further change in the future and could take place rapidly. In theorising obesity emergence in the Pacific islands, there is a need to incorporate the idea of obesity being a product of interdependence and interconnectedness, rather than independence and individual choice.
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Pacho, Maureen, and Kennedy Mutundu. "Gender-Based Violence and Access to Education." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 9, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 339–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol9.iss7.3242.

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Gender based violence (GBV) consequences on women economic empowerment within Kenya are immensely widespread. Nakuru East Sub County, in particular has reported many cases of GBV. The aim of this study was to examine effects of gender-based violence on the women access to education. This investigation was guided by Ecological theory and a descriptive survey design was adopted in this study. Using a questionnaire, focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews, the results are based on achieved response of a group of 40 women, 2 chiefs and 2 officers in charge of children protection unit and 3 CSOs Staff. Study findings indicate that there was notable impact of GBV on women access to education in Nakuru East. Cases of school dropout as a result of teenage pregnancies, Early marriage, child labour, and giving preference to boys in education were top on the findings. Empowerment of women reduces the unequal power relationship between women and men which has been identified as the root cause of GBV.
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Lever, Christopher. "Lake Nakuru Black Rhinoceros Sanctuary." Oryx 24, no. 2 (April 1990): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300034736.

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In an attempt to stem the decline of the black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis in Kenya, the Rhino Rescue Charitable Appeal Trust was formed in England in 1985. Within a year work on the first sanctuary, in the Lake Nakuru National Park, had begun. The sanctuary was opened in 1987, when 17 rhinos from Mr Courtland Parfet's private ranch at Solio joined the wo animals already in Nakuru. A further 11 females are due to be added to the park shortly. Rhino Rescue, of which the author is a patron and trustee, is also developing its own education programme, and is contributing to other rhino sanctuaries in Kenya.
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G. Manduku, Joshua, Peter Ngok, and Jared Mauti. "Impact of Instructional Supervision on Student Performance and Teacher Effectiveness in Public Secondary Schools in Nakuru County, Kenya." Frontiers of Contemporary Education 2, no. 2 (December 24, 2021): p55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/fce.v2n2p55.

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Education is widely seen as one of the most promising paths for individuals to realize better, more productive lives and as one of the primary drivers of national economic development. Education also forms the basic component upon which economic, social and political development of any nation is founded. With an ever-increasing population and expanding globalization, the country’s education system continues to experience shortcomings which affect the end product. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the impact of instructional supervision methods on students’ academic achievement and teacher’s effectiveness in curriculum implementation in public secondary schools in Nakuru County. The study was guided by the following specific objectives; (i) To Investigate the effectiveness of instructional supervision methods used by principals in enhancing students’ academic performance in public secondary schools in Nakuru County and (ii) To establish the influence of Instructional Supervision methods used by principals on Teachers’ effectiveness in public secondary schools in Nakuru County The study employed correlational research design as it sought to find out the relationship between the research variables under study. The study was underpinned by the Symbolic Interaction Theory as stipulated by Blumer (1969). The study was conducted in Nakuru County between February 2016 and June 2020. The target population was 65 principals 1800 teachers and the County Director of Education. Purposive stratified and systematic sampling were used to obtain 16 principals and 200 teachers. Data was collected through primary sources such as questionnaires, interviews and document analysis. Secondary sources such as articles, journals and internet were used to define the research gap. A pilot survey was done in the neighboring Baringo County to check the validity and reliability of research Instruments. Data was analyzed using Pearson Moment Correlation formula and hypothesis were tested using chi-square test of independence. The results of the study will be availed to the Kenya Ministry of Education to guide policy, the recommendations will also provide useful literature for further research. The following recommendations were suggested: to improve school administration, develop teachers’ professionalism through robust instructional supervision and improve secondary school student’s academic performance.
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Mugambi, Mercy M., Benard Kyalo Makato, and Jeremiah M. Kalai. "Socioeconomic Determinants of Trainees’ Enrolment and Participation in Public TVETS in Nakuru County, Kenya." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 10, no. 12 (December 27, 2022): 2664–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v10i12.el04.

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Technical, Vocational, Education and Training (TVET) focuses on providing lifelong skills that meet the needs of the work place, industry and self-employment. The importance of TVET is in the global agenda for development and refocusing education and training in the 21st Century. Purposely, this study sought to investigate individual and socioeconomic determinants of trainees’ enrolment and participation in public TVETs in Nakuru County, Kenya. The objective of the study was to establish how socioeconomic status influenced trainees’ enrolment and participation in public TVETs in Nakuru County, Kenya and the research hypothesis that was tested stated that there is no significant relationship between socioeconomic status and trainees’ enrolment and participation in public TVETs in Nakuru County, Kenya. The study employed descriptive survey research design with a sample size 12 TVETs, 30 trainers and 331 trainees drawn from the target population of 24 public TVETs, 150 trainers and 2385 trainees from entire Nakuru County. Data collection instruments were interview guide, questionnaires and document analysis guides. Data was analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. Descriptive statistics which included frequencies percentages, means and standard deviations were generated and used in discussing the research findings. Correlation analysis and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 95% confidence interval of the difference (ά=0.05) was also done. The findings showed that: there was a significant relationship between socioeconomic status and trainees’ enrolment; there was a statistically significant mean difference between socioeconomic status and trainees’ enrolment in public TVETs; there was statistically significant mean difference between income of parents, level of education of parents and occupation of parents and trainees’ enrolment in TVETs. The findings of the correlation between socioeconomic status of trainees and enrolment in TVETs showed that, P value = .002< P= 0.05, HO2 was rejected and the conclusion was that there was a significant relationship between socioeconomic status of trainees and enrolment of trainees. The analysis led to the conclusion that, socioeconomic status determined enrolment in TVETs.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Education Nauru"

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Mucheke, Stephen Kinyua. "Experiences of Heterosexual Couples Who Undergo HIV Counseling and Testing in Nakuru-Kenya." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2673.

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The increase in new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections among heterosexual couples in Africa may reverse the gains made by HIV prevention programs. HIV screening among such couples remains low and understudied.This qualitative study focused on the motivations for HIV screening among heterosexual couples. The primary research goal was to examine the lived experiences of heterosexual couples who were screened for HIV and received their results in Nakuru-Kenya. The health belief model (HBM) served as the theoretical framework and as a basis for the secondary questions which sought to explore the participants' perceptions on HIV based on the constructs of the HBM. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposively selected sample of 14 heterosexual couples. Data were collected through face-to-face audio-recorded interviews, which were coded and analyzed using Moustakas's phenomenological data analysis method. Six major themes emerged from the clustered responses of the participants. Couples recognized that they may be susceptible to HIV infection because HIV is transmitted primarily through sexual contact. Some couples perceived HIV as a severe, life-threatening condition in their lives; others perceived HIV as chronic disease that could be managed through treatment and good health care. The fear of negative consequences was cited as a barrier to couples' willingness to receive HIV counselling and testing. Couples perceived HIV testing as having multiple benefits, including freedom from worries and as a motivation to plan their lives. Health messages and partner dialogue were major cues that encouraged couples to undergo HIV testing. Testimonials from other couples who had been tested and chose to talk about their experiences contributed to a strong feeling of self-efficacy. These study findings may help to improve HIV prevention interventions for heterosexual couples.
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BARÁKOVÁ, Karolína. "Obsahové otázky výuky občanské výchovy v proměnách času (se zaměřením na odborné časopisy o občanské výchově)." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-385162.

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Diploma thesis "Content issues of teaching civic education through the changes of time (with focus on professional journals dealing with civic education)" is dealing with an evolution of a content of civic education in the 20th and at the beginning of the 21st century on pages of professional-oriented journals. The first part of the diploma thesis deals with the history of civics. It describes the evolution since the establishment of civics in Czechoslovakia until the evolution after the Velvet Revolution in the Czech Republic. The second part of the diploma thesis introduces five journals devoted to a subject of civic education. These are the magazines Časopis československé obce učitelské, Časopis pro občanskou nauku a výchovu, Společenské vědy ve škole, Občanská výchova: časopis pro občanskou výchovu, filosofii, psychologii a logiku a Společenskovědní předměty: čtvrtletník pro pedagogy základních a středních škol. The final part of the diploma thesis is dedicated to articles from the journals mentioned above which describe the content transformation of teaching civic education.
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Books on the topic "Education Nauru"

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Terawaki, Ken. 21-seiki no gakkō wa kō naru. Tōkyō: Shinchōsha, 1998.

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Adžić, Sreten M. Uvod u nauku o vaspitanju. Jagodina: Učiteljski fakultet, 1998.

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Gakkō wa dō naru no ka. Tōkyō: Gakugei Shorin, 1991.

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Nihon no gakkō no yukue: Hensachi kyōiku wa dō naru ka. Tōkyō: Tarō Jirōsha, 1993.

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Ukraine. Zakonodavstvo Ukraïny pro osvitu ta nauku: Za stanom na 20 hrudni︠a︡ 1999 r. Kyïv: Parlamentsʹke vyd-vo, 1999.

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Kudō, Kei. Daisotsu datte mushoku ni naru: Hataraku ni tsumazuku wakamonotachi. Tōkyō: Entāburein, 2012.

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Universities, Tanzania Commission for, and Committee of Vice Chancellors and College Principals in Tanzania, eds. Higher Education Forum, 2010: Naura Springs Hotel, Arusha 12th-14th May, 2010 : proceedings. Dar es Salaam]: Tanzania Commission for Universities and Committee of Vice Chancellors and College Principals in Tanzania, 2010.

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Arimoto, Hidefumi. Kodomo ga honzuki ni naru nanatsu no hōsoku: 10-sai ni naru made ni oya ga shinakereba naranai koto. Tōkyō: Shufu no Tomosha, 2008.

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Državni organi za obrazovanje, nauku, kulturu i sport na nivou Bosne i Hercegovine s kraćim osvrtom na razvoj školstva. Sarajevo: V. Pavlović, 2008.

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Uchida, Michiko. Inochi o itadaku: Miichan ga oniku ni naru hi ehon. Tōkyō: Kōdan sha, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Education Nauru"

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Serow, Penelope, Neil Taylor, and Terence Sullivan. "A new model of teacher education for small island states: The Nauru Teacher Education Project." In International Student Education in Tertiary Settings, 41–59. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003017608-3.

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Page, Angela, Joanna Anderson, Penelope Serow, Elvira Hubert, and Anne O’Donnell-Ostini. "Creating Inclusive Classrooms in the Pacific Region: Working in Partnership with Teachers in the Republic of Nauru to Develop Inclusive Practices." In International Perspectives on Inclusive Education, 7–22. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/s1479-363620210000017003.

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Conference papers on the topic "Education Nauru"

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ANDREI, Ana Michaela, Sorina GRAMATOVICI, and Corina-Mihaela MORTICI. "USING ASyMmERTy FOR COMPUTING NAIRU AND OUTPUT GAP. EMPIRICAL STUDY FOR ROMANIA." In 18th International Conference on INFORMATICS in ECONOMY. Education, Research and Business Technologies. Bucharest University of Economic Studies Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12948/ie2019.07.09.

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Wamuga, Joseph Mwangi, and Florence Kamonjo. "Empowering Women through TVET Training in Male Dominated Trades: A Project Supported by Canadian Embassy at Nakuru Training Institute Kenya." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.1215.

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Globally a wide gender gap has persisted over the years at all levels of Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) disciplines. Girls and women are systematically tracked away from science and math throughout their education, limiting their access, preparation and opportunities to go into these fields as adults. Women make up only 28% of the workforce in STEM. Men vastly outnumber women majoring in most STEM fields in college and in the market place. There is still a gross underrepresentation of women in the STEM fields in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where the share of females graduating from tertiary education engineering fields is below 30%. The under-representation is a concern both for gender equality and economic competitiveness. // This study was based on Instructional Theory for Skills Development. It applied descriptive survey method. The study sample was 76 TVET female students, 36 for pre-training survey and 40 for post training survey. A gender based survey on the issues affecting women in the society, their employability and if young women would enroll in male dominated course given an opportunity was done. The project trained 40 women in technical skills for employability in two male dominated careers; electrical wireman and plumbing and pipe fittings. The 40 women were linked to industries for job related experience and were further registered for examination by National Industrial Training Authority (NITA) in Kenya. They recorded 100% pass rate and were certificated. 80% of the young women and girls are gainfully employed while 20% are pursuing further training. The study found out that young women are willing and are capable of training in skills in male dominated TVET sectors.
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Reports on the topic "Education Nauru"

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(Gamla), Grupo de Análisis del Mercado Laboral. Señales de un mercado laboral menos holgado y efecto del aumento de subsidios durante la pandemia sobre la oferta laboral. Edited by Leonardo Bonilla-Mejía. Banco de la República de Colombia, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rml.23.

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A mayo de 2022, tanto las encuestas de hogares, como los distintos registros administrativos dan cuenta de un mercado laboral dinámico, en el cual el empleo continúa creciendo aceleradamente. En general, los niveles de ocupación son similares o mayores a los registrados antes de la pandemia. La ocupación crece más rápido en las ciudades y sobresalen los segmentos de empleo asalariado y formal. Los sectores con mayor contribución al crecimiento del empleo son comercio, alojamiento, transporte y recreación. Por su parte, los grupos poblacionales que más aportaron al crecimiento del empleo fueron las mujeres, las personas entre 29 y 65 años, los individuos sin educación superior y los no jefes de hogar. Los índices de vacantes y las encuestas de expectativas de contratación reafirman el buen desempeño del mercado laboral. La oferta laboral muestra señales de estabilización durante el último trimestre. Este comportamiento, junto con el mayor dinamismo en el empleo, explican la sostenida reducción en la tasa de desempleo (TD), especialmente en el área urbana. Si bien se observan aumentos en los ingresos corrientes, especialmente en el segmento no asalariado, la mayor inflación se traduce en que estos hayan permanecido estables en términos reales. Tanto los indicadores de holgura, como los de cuellos de botella y la curva de Beveridge muestran un mercado laboral cada vez más estrecho. Dadas las previsiones en materia de crecimiento económico del equipo técnico del Banco de la República, consignadas en el Informe de política monetaria de julio de 2022, los pronósticos indican que la TD nacional terminaría el año 2022 en 10,2%, y que su promedio para el año estaría entre 10,2 % y 11,5 %. Por su parte, las estimaciones de la tasa de desempleo no inflacionaria (Nairu) sugieren una brecha de desempleo urbana más negativa. Estas estimaciones indicarían que la mayor estrechez del mercado laboral podría estar generando presiones inflacionarias. Este reporte se divide en dos secciones. En la primera se profundiza en los hechos coyunturales del mercado laboral descritos. En la segunda parte se estudian los subsidios que fueron entregados a los hogares durante la pandemia y su posible efecto sobre la participación laboral. Como parte de la estrategia para mitigar los efectos de la crisis sobre el ingreso de los hogares más vulnerables, el monto de los distintos subsidios otorgados por el Gobierno Nacional creció de manera importante, pasando de 0,3 % del PIB en 2019, a 1,3 % en 2021. Esto se vio reflejado en un aumento importante en el número de las personas beneficiadas y en un incremento del monto recibido por beneficiario. Para medir el impacto de estos subsidios sobre la participación laboral, se siguen en el tiempo grupos sociodemográficos que se definen a partir del género, la edad, el nivel educativo y el área metropolitana. Las estimaciones de panel y efectos fijos indican que no se registran cambios persistentes en la participación laboral en los grupos con mayor probabilidad de recibir subsidios adicionales durante la pandemia. En un ejercicio complementario se muestra que los municipios que recibieron más subsidios tampoco registraron mayores aumentos en el empleo formal asalariado. Estos resultados van en línea con los encontrados por otros autores para el caso de Colombia, como Gallego et al. (2021) y Londoño-Vélez y Querubín (2022). Es importante resaltar que dichos resultados son válidos para el periodo de pandemia (2019-2021) y no necesariamente se pueden extrapolar a otros periodos con circunstancias diferentes.
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Integrating STI/HIV services into existing MCH/FP programs. Population Council, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1998.1003.

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The presence of certain STIs increases the risk of the sexual transmission of HIV. Thus, controlling STIs can reduce the incidence of HIV. Almost all women in the East and Southern African regions attend MCH/FP clinics regularly, and recent surveys have shown that the prevalence levels of many STIs, including HIV, can be high for women seeking FP and antenatal services, even though they are frequently asymptomatic. MCH/FP services are provided by medically trained staff with many of the same skills needed for managing STIs. Consequently, several MCH/FP programs have started looking for ways to integrate STI management strategies, such as STI screening, treatment, and education, into their routine services. The Population Council’s Africa OR/TA Project undertook case studies of four such programs in Botswana; Nakuru, Kenya; Mombasa, Kenya; and Busoga, Uganda. The model includes case detection and treatment, HIV/AIDS management, detection and treatment of syphilis, and information and education materials. This summary explains that STI and HIV/AIDS management services can be integrated successfully into existing MCH/FP programs in East and Southern Africa.
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