Dissertations / Theses: 'Education, Difference-in-difference'

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Leverenz, Carrie Shively. "Collaboration and difference in the composition classroom." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1287418355.

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Yi, Lin. "Education, cultural difference and social mobility in multiethnic northwest China." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/4c28b046-f4bb-4120-8d3b-84e70fbef37c.

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Altieri, Elizabeth M. "Learning to Negotiate Difference: Narratives of Experience in Inclusive Education." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29309.

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This narrative inquiry examined how a small group of general educators constructed three essential understandings of themselves as teachers within the context of inclusive education: (a) To move past their fear of disabilities and negative perceptions of students with disabilities, they had to learn to see children with disabilities in new ways, identify what it was about their differences that mattered, and respond to them as valued members of their classrooms; (b) To move past feelings of inadequacy and incompetence, they had to figure out how to negotiate those learning differences that mattered the most; and (c) To keep from being overwhelmed with the additional demands inclusion placed on them as teachers, they needed to garner support through a variety of relationships, and work through conflicts that arose from trying on new roles and patterns of interaction. These understandings were constructed through two interrelated processes: Learning through experience, and learning through narrative, specifically, informal talk, structured dialogue, and stories. The representation of this inquiry was a polyvocal text which privileged what the teachers had to say, and which featured their voices in solo and in dialogue with others. This alternative format was used to convey the evolving nature of the teachers' practice, as well as the contradictions and complexities that expand our understanding of teacher learning and development in inclusive educational settings.
Ph. D.

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Aman, Robert. "Impossible Interculturality? : Education and the Colonial Difference in a Multicultural World." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Pedagogik och vuxnas lärande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-106245.

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An increasing number of educational policies, academic studies, and university courses today propagate ‘interculturality’ as a method for approaching ‘the Other’ and reconciling universal values and cultural specificities. Based on a thorough discussion of Europe’s colonial past and the hierarchies of knowledge that colonialism established, this dissertation interrogates the definitions of intercultural knowledge put forth by EU policy discourse, academic textbooks on interculturality, and students who have completed a university course on the subject. Taking a decolonial approach that makes its central concern the ways in which differences are formed and sustained through references to cultural identities, this study shows that interculturality, as defined in these texts, runs the risk of affirming a singular European outlook on the world, and of elevating this outlook into a universal law. Contrary to its selfproclaimed goal of learning from the Other, interculturality may in fact contribute to the repression of the Other by silencing those who are already muted. The dissertation suggests an alternative definition of interculturality, which is not framed in terms of cultural differences but in terms of colonial difference. This argument is substantiated by an analysis of the Latin American concept of interculturalidad, which derives from the struggles for public and political recognition among indigenous social movements in Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru. By bringing interculturalidad into the picture, with its roots in the particular and with strong reverberations of the historical experience of colonialism, this study explores the possibility of decentring the discourse of interculturality and its Eurocentric outlook. In this way, the dissertation argues that an emancipation from colonial legacies requires that we start seeing interculturality as inter-epistemic rather than simply inter-cultural.
Fokus för denna avhandling är spridningen av begreppet interkulturalitet inom utbildning. Utbildningspolicy, akademisk litteratur och mängden kurser i högre utbildning ägnade åt begreppet vittnar alla om dess betydelse i försöken att förena det kulturellt partikulära med det universella. Med Europas koloniala förflutna i åtanke och dess skapande av hierarkier mellan vad som definieras som kunskap, ämnar denna avhandling undersöka vilka kunskaper som krävs för att bli interkulturell. Syftet är framför allt att besvara frågan vad som händer med interkulturalitet om kulturella skillnader istället förstås som koloniala skillnader. Utifrån ett dekolonialt perspektiv som fokuserar på hur skillnader skapas och upprätthålls utifrån föreställningar om kulturella identiteter, analyseras EU-policy, akademisk litteratur samt intervjuer med studenter som avklarat en kurs i interkulturalitet. Analysen visar på hur interkulturalitet, i dess nuvarande tappning, riskerar fastna i en singulär europeisk utblick på världen upphöjd till universell lag. Snarare än att mildra eller förändra maktrelationer och skapa möjligheter till mellanmänskliga möten, riskerar därför interkulturaliteten att bidra till fortsatt förtryck av den som anses kulturellt annorlunda. En alternativ utgångspunkt står att finna i en annan översättning av interkulturalitet – interculturalidad – hämtad från ursprungsbefolkningarnas kamp för att bli synliggjorda, att dela makten, på den offentliga arenan i Bolivia, Ecuador och Peru. Genom att lyfta fram begreppet interculturalidad, som just har sitt ursprung i singulariteten och bär med sig själva erfarenheten av kolonialism, tillförs en möjlig distansering från interkulturalitet med dess implicita eurocentrism. Avslutningsvis argumenteras för att befrielse från kolonialismens ok kräver att interkulturalitet omkodas som inter-epistemisk.

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Kadiwal, Laila. "Religious pluralism in Ismaili Muslim religious education : from difference to diversity." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2015. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/55033/.

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Three questions command even greater attention today, as over forty countries, including many Muslim-majority states, unite against Daesh (the so-called ‘Islamic State'): How do Muslims relate to the Muslim ‘other'? How do Muslims relate to the religious ‘other'? What role can Muslim religious education play in fostering peace? Islam and Muslim education are suspected of promoting intolerance. This thesis investigates a group of Shia Ismaili Muslim trainee-teachers' attitudes to plurality in their religious education programme. The Secondary Teacher Education Programme (STEP) is a two-year postgraduate course of the Ismaili Muslim community to train religious education teachers. STEP, a novel development in Muslim education, experiments with an innovative pedagogical approach to plurality. The research spanning over three years involved in-depth interviews, focus group, observations and textual analysis. 21 trainee-teachers from 13 different countries participated in the study. Alan Race's (1983) typology ‘inclusivismexclusivism- pluralism' serves as a key theoretical lens through which to examine attitudes to religious others. The thesis argues that a ‘rooted religious pluralisation' is taking place in the Ismaili community facilitating the emergence of the ‘tradition' of pluralism in the community. The study shows that initially, the participants were inclusive of other religious communities and worldviews on ‘theological', ‘humanistic' and ‘instrumental' grounds, but were selective about how they embraced it. Many of them believed that their religious perspective exceptionally equipped them over their religious ‘other'. Gradually, STEP's ‘civilizational, normative and humanistic' approach cultivated an ‘academically informed pluralism' in most trainee-teachers. It strengthened their Ismaili Muslim identity on the one hand and generated an appreciation for diversity on the other. The individuals developed not only greater socio-cultural and historical awareness of religion, but also their ability to make a space for faith academically. It cultivated in the participants a degree of ‘inter-tradition competence' and ‘intra-Islam competence'. The individuals were not ‘pluralist angels', but they discursively participated in pluralism. The present study makes three key contributions. Firstly, this is the first study to propose the thesis of ‘rooted religious pluralisation'. It identifies the key features and tendencies inherent in a religious community's engagement with diversity through a five-dimensional working framework. Moreover, as a study of the socio-cultural process of ‘intra-faith pluralisation' in Muslim religious education setting, it is unique. It is about making sense of the everyday experiences of the Muslims who encounter diversity within their own faith. The thesis identifies various stages involved in the process of developing intra-faith competence and provides tools and vocabulary to discuss them meaningfully. Moreover, the study suggests the possibility of a Muslim education that can play a vital role in combating extremism and sectarianism. Current scholarship does not sufficiently take account of new and thought-provoking pedagogical developments in Muslim education. There is a dearth of studies on Muslim faith communities' efforts to build ‘intra-Islam competency' in their followers through faith-based education. The literature is also silent about how Ismaili Muslims handle differences among themselves regarding matters of faith, how they view differences within Islam and relate to wider religious plurality. Thus, the study contributes to a niche in the existing literature on religious pluralism.

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Brown-Oyola, Janice Lorraine. "The Difference in Attitudes of Regular and Special Education Teachers Toward Inclusion." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3241.

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Inclusion has been introduced throughout the educational community as a method to increase math and reading scores of underachieving schools on standardized tests. The problem was that teachers were not effectively implementing inclusion. Guided by Bandura's (1994) self-efficacy theory, which hypothesizes that a person's sense of efficacy provides information of their capability and the ability to assess their performance, the purpose of this quantitative quasi-experimental study was to determine if there was a significant difference in attitudes on inclusion between regular and special education teachers using the 4 subsections of the Scale of Teachers: Attitudes Toward Inclusive Classrooms through an online survey program. A t test was used to examine the attitudes of 50 regular and 50 special education teachers on inclusion in an elementary charter school after the special education subgroup failed to show progress on standardized tests over a 5 year period. Overall, the data indicated significant differences between regular and special education teachers' attitudes on inclusion. Both regular and special education teachers did not agree on Factor 1: advantages and disadvantages of inclusion and Factor 2: teacher feelings on inclusion. However, the teachers did agree on Factor 3: philosophical beliefs on inclusion and Factor 4: administrative issues on inclusion. This study's implications for social change included evidence to incorporate a unified vision for best practices for professional development as well as the importance of collaborative teaching at the undergraduate level, and a working knowledge of various learning disabilities, which may be used by school principals, teachers, parents, and policy makers to create an effective inclusion program.

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Goodman, Morgan. "Teachers Make the Difference: Accessing a Black Woman's Specific Funds of Knowledge to make a Difference in the Classroom." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cgu_etd/126.

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The purpose of this ethnography was to examine the elements of my personal goals and aspirations of being an elementary school teacher with the real experience of teaching students within my classroom. Through the lens of an ethnography, and grounded in the research components of culturally inclusive education and, this thesis provides a critical and needed pedagogical approach to how teachers can make a difference in the lives of their students, and in the process learn that they are really the ones being taught.

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Lopez, Cristina S. "Difference and gender in evolutionary biology : a feminist rhetoric of science /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488204276534442.

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Jaede, Marguerethe A. "Coaching in the Presence of Difference: Considerations, Roadblocks, and Possibilities." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1557125615648375.

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Doherty, Catherine Ann. "The production of cultural difference and cultural sameness in online internationalised education." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2006. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16302/1/Catherine_Doherty_Thesis.pdf.

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This research investigates the cultural politics of 'borderless' education. In Australia, online internationalised education has recently emerged as a market innovation borne from the intersection of two agendas in the higher education sector: an enthusiasm for technological means of delivery; and the quest for international full-fee paying enrolments. The empirical study analyses how both cultural difference and cultural sameness were produced in a case study of borderless education and were made to matter in both the design and the conduct of online interaction. A core MBA unit offered online by an Australian university was selected for the study because its enrolments included a group enrolled through a partner institution in Malaysia. The study is framed in the broad context of the changing cultural processes of globalisation, and in educational markets where knowledge is business. In this more fluid and complicated cultural landscape, the technologies and social practices supporting online education were understood to offer new cultural resources for identity processes. Pedagogy, rather than providing an inert stage for cultural identities to interact, was understood to play an active role in invoking and legitimating possible orientations for student identities. The framework thus builds on a metaculture, or understandings of culture and cultural identity, more appropriate for the cultural conditions of globalising times. The study was conducted as a virtual ethnography of the case study unit drawing on: the observation and recording of all virtual interaction in the unit's website; interviews and dialogues with the lecturer and designer involved; email interviews with some students; and the collection of course artefacts and related documentation. The methodological arguments and design addressed the complexity of grasping how culture is lived in globalised times, and how it is invoked, performed and marked in virtual interactions. Using layered textual analyses synthesising Bernstein's theory of pedagogic discourse and Systemic Functional Linguistics, a description of the unit drew out contradictory aspects in its macrogenre design. On one hand, the design aimed for cultural saming in terms of delivering undifferentiated curriculum and pedagogy for the diverse cohort of students. On the other hand, it also aimed for cultural differencing in the 'student subsidy'of the curriculum. The analysis showed how cultural difference was thus produced as both a curricular asset, and as a series of pedagogical problems in the case study unit. The 'student subsidy' design involved allocating students to purposefully mixed groups for assessable small group discussions in order to enrich the curricular treatment of cultural diversity as a topic of interest. This design invoked expressions of a range of cultural identities and knowledge claims about cultural differences. These claims were analysed with reference to how they were legitimated, and who invoked what culture on behalf of which groups. Despite the design of an undifferentiated process, the conduct of the unit displayed a number of pedagogical problems or 'regulative flares' in which groups of students complained about being overly or insufficiently differentiated. The analysis focused on three such flares: troubles with naming protocols; troubles around genre expectations for assessment tasks; and trouble over 'local' markers for the Malaysia students. These were summarised as trouble with the unit's 'default settings' and presumptuous assumptions about whose cultural terms applied in this educational setting. The study makes a contribution to the sociology of education, in particular with regard to internationalisation and online modes of delivery. The empirical study also contributes to the sociology of the cultural processes of globalisation. More practically, it is suggested that such programs could profitably embrace a version of culture more in line with the entangled routes and global flows that have brought the students and provider together, one that can accommodate and celebrate glocalised identities.

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Doherty, Catherine Ann. "The production of cultural difference and cultural sameness in online internationalised education." Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16302/.

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This research investigates the cultural politics of 'borderless' education. In Australia, online internationalised education has recently emerged as a market innovation borne from the intersection of two agendas in the higher education sector: an enthusiasm for technological means of delivery; and the quest for international full-fee paying enrolments. The empirical study analyses how both cultural difference and cultural sameness were produced in a case study of borderless education and were made to matter in both the design and the conduct of online interaction. A core MBA unit offered online by an Australian university was selected for the study because its enrolments included a group enrolled through a partner institution in Malaysia. The study is framed in the broad context of the changing cultural processes of globalisation, and in educational markets where knowledge is business. In this more fluid and complicated cultural landscape, the technologies and social practices supporting online education were understood to offer new cultural resources for identity processes. Pedagogy, rather than providing an inert stage for cultural identities to interact, was understood to play an active role in invoking and legitimating possible orientations for student identities. The framework thus builds on a metaculture, or understandings of culture and cultural identity, more appropriate for the cultural conditions of globalising times. The study was conducted as a virtual ethnography of the case study unit drawing on: the observation and recording of all virtual interaction in the unit's website; interviews and dialogues with the lecturer and designer involved; email interviews with some students; and the collection of course artefacts and related documentation. The methodological arguments and design addressed the complexity of grasping how culture is lived in globalised times, and how it is invoked, performed and marked in virtual interactions. Using layered textual analyses synthesising Bernstein's theory of pedagogic discourse and Systemic Functional Linguistics, a description of the unit drew out contradictory aspects in its macrogenre design. On one hand, the design aimed for cultural saming in terms of delivering undifferentiated curriculum and pedagogy for the diverse cohort of students. On the other hand, it also aimed for cultural differencing in the 'student subsidy'of the curriculum. The analysis showed how cultural difference was thus produced as both a curricular asset, and as a series of pedagogical problems in the case study unit. The 'student subsidy' design involved allocating students to purposefully mixed groups for assessable small group discussions in order to enrich the curricular treatment of cultural diversity as a topic of interest. This design invoked expressions of a range of cultural identities and knowledge claims about cultural differences. These claims were analysed with reference to how they were legitimated, and who invoked what culture on behalf of which groups. Despite the design of an undifferentiated process, the conduct of the unit displayed a number of pedagogical problems or 'regulative flares' in which groups of students complained about being overly or insufficiently differentiated. The analysis focused on three such flares: troubles with naming protocols; troubles around genre expectations for assessment tasks; and trouble over 'local' markers for the Malaysia students. These were summarised as trouble with the unit's 'default settings' and presumptuous assumptions about whose cultural terms applied in this educational setting. The study makes a contribution to the sociology of education, in particular with regard to internationalisation and online modes of delivery. The empirical study also contributes to the sociology of the cultural processes of globalisation. More practically, it is suggested that such programs could profitably embrace a version of culture more in line with the entangled routes and global flows that have brought the students and provider together, one that can accommodate and celebrate glocalised identities.

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Wang, Liang Choon. "Does private schooling make a difference in tertiary entrance performance? /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2004. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ECM/09ecmw2461.pdf.

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Yilmaz, Kivanc. "An Investigation Of Individual Difference Factors In Online Instruction." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608129/index.pdf.

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This thesis study analyzed the individual difference factors affecting the success of online instruction. The factors that were examined are mastery goal orientation, learning self efficacy, and conscientiousness. The success of online instruction was examined in terms of the knowledge and skill acquisition during training, the practice level, and program completion rate. To investigate the effects of the hypothesized factors, an online instruction program on time management, fast and effective reading, and memory skills was developed and administered to a sample of college students. Results showed that the developed online instruction program improved time management knowledge and fast reading skills of participants. Additionally, conscientiousness was found to predict the program completion rate. On the other hand, results failed to support the suggestions that mastery goal orientation would predict the undertaken practice level and the improvements in knowledge and skill levels. The proposed predictive relationships between learning self-efficacy and practice level as well as between conscientiousness and practice level were not supported either. Finally, the claim that completing the training program would improve the learning self efficacy of the participants was not supported.

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McClimans, Melinda C. "Pushing Students' Self/Other Boundaries in Order to Teach Critically About Difference." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu154599273146207.

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Harper, Ti'esh N. "Capitalism, the Reproduction of Racial Difference in American Education, and Black Student Resistance." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/626.

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The research and analysis of Capitalism, The Reproduction of Racial Difference in American Education, and Black Student Resistance comes from my experiences working for a dropout prevention nonprofit organization in Title 1 public schools with Black middle school and high school students. I observed many conflicts between Black students and school staff that were resolved by convincing students that the cultural norms and rules of the school system were objective and morally right, and therefore Black students needed to accept and obey them. From these interactions, I could see that more than academic skills were being taught in schools. The messages of success being proposed were exerting violence on the mind, body, and spirit of Black youth. I could also see that many of the ways that Black students expressed themselves in schools was not rooted in defiance or an inability to obey but in protest to the socialization that was being imposed on them. My observations of Black students reactions to school culture and the insistence on achievement has fueled my work.

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Smith, Matthew W. "Teaching the 'Third World' : difference and development in the school curriculum." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1999. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3998/.

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This research explores the communication of the 'Third World' in the school curriculum, focusing particularly on its role, location and significance. Using data collected from two UK secondary schools the thesis combines ethnographic methods with theoretical perspectives from sociology, development studies and cultural studies. The conceptual focus of the research is on the ways the communication of the 'Third World' constructs notions of difference and identity in the school curriculum, informed by its location within three frameworks of meaning: development; charity; multiculturalism. The communication of the 'Third World' through each of these is addressed in turn, focusing particularly on the variety of notions of 'self, 'world' and ' other' which are constructed. Attention is also drawn to the epistemological foundations underpinning the different constructions of the 'Third World', and to the implications this has for engagements with notions of difference. The research seeks to explain the contradictions within and between the schools' communication of the 'Third World', emphasising the micro-politics of the schools and their location within a broader political context. In particular, attention is drawn to the role of the aims, structure, and organisation of the schools in informing the communication of the 'Third World', and to tensions between national and local curricular authority. It is argued that contradictions within and between the different constructions of the 'Third World' reflect changes in how the 'Third World' and development are understood. However, the potential improvements in its communication that this suggests are being constrained at both local and national levels. Thus, the research concludes by identifying policy initiatives which can both build on this potential, and prevent further prejudiced and discriminatory constructions of the 'Third World'. It also suggests further research which will enhance our understanding in this area.

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Edwards, Rosalind. "Degrees of difference : family and education in the lives of mature mother-students." Thesis, London South Bank University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303945.

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Bwire, David. "Meaning Across Difference: Exploring Intercultural Communication Strategies in an Alaska-Kenya Collaboration." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1469088653.

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Cheng, Xueyu. "Risk in human capital investment and gender difference in adult college enrollment." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1187077285.

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VOORHEES, TERRY. "CONFRONTING DIFFERENCE IN A COLLEGE HUMAN DIVERSITY COURSE: ISSUES IN MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION AND DIVERSITY TRAINING IN TEACHER EDUCATION." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1100035645.

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Voorhees, Terry. "Confronting difference in a college human diversity course issues in multicultural education and diversity training in Teacher Education /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=ucin1100035645.

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Eggleston, Brandon Patrick. "An Investigation of the Difference in Student Achievement during the Middle School Transition Years." Thesis, Lindenwood University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3668708.

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Transition years and grade configurations for middle level students have been a topic of debate since the onset of middle schools in the 1970s. With increased educational accountability, some school districts are beginning to change back to K-8 configurations.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in student achievement during the transition year and provide information to school administration as to the optimal year to transition students from elementary to middle school. Transition year achievement was examined among 5th -7th grade students in Missouri and grade configurations were compared by analyzing 8th grade achievement in three separate grade configurations.

Significant differences in student achievement were uncovered during the analysis of the student achievement data. A significant decrease in student achievement was found between two independent fifth grade groups in English Language Arts and mathematics. Cohorts in sixth and seventh grade did not show a statistically significant difference in student achievement during the transition year. Significant decreases were found in English Language Arts scores between the transition year and pre-transition year along with the transition year and post transition year. In both scenarios the transition year score was significantly lower than the post and pre-transition year score. A significant difference in mathematics achievement was found between fifth and seventh grade transition year students with seventh grade transition year students attaining a higher mean score than fifth grade transition year students. Grade configuration and timing of the transition to middle school did not have an impact on eighth grade student achievement.

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Moore, Patricia Anne. "Making a difference : ways of teaching and learning in general national qualifications." Thesis, n.p, 2001. http://dart.open.ac.uk/abstracts/page.php?thesisid=114.

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Al-Ali, Khadija Yassan. "Feminist pedagogy and the question of difference : understanding Kuwaiti women's experience in higher education." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301825.

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Mack, Julie A. "Differentiating language difference from disability in special education eligibility assessment of English language learners /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7898.

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Dunn, Sarah Caroline. "Difference in Scores Between Teacher Certification Program Students With and Without Paraprofessional Experience." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2239.

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Demand for highly effective, qualified teachers grew as legislation such as No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) raised the requirements for teachers and paraprofessionals. One suggestion for meeting this demand for teachers who can bring about the required classroom outcomes is to encourage paraprofessionals to become certified teachers—with the expectation that paraprofessionals' prior experience in the school environment will make them likely to excel as teachers. This study examined whether Brigham Young University Special Education teacher candidates with paraprofessional experience differed from candidates without paraprofessional experience in terms of performance scores during a mentored teaching practicum. The teaching skills of classroom and behavior management, teacher competency and knowledge, and professionalism and organization were measured through the scores earned by 37 candidates on their behavior management plans, math and reading lesson plans, and professionalism evaluations. Results indicated no significant difference between candidates with and without prior paraprofessional experience. However, a significant difference was found between the scores in the areas of reading and math lesson plans of the students who were and were not paraprofessionals prior to entering the program. The variance in the scores of the paraprofessionals was significant, meaning some students with paraprofessional background scored low and others scored high in these two areas.

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Burns, Ann. "Gender equality in Liverpool schools : making a difference through TVEI: a case study." Thesis, London South Bank University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310642.

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Theaker, Sherri L. "Pre-service Teachers Attitudes Toward Integration: Does a Student Teacher Placement in an Integrated Classroom Make a Difference?" Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1210193393.

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Pawinski, Lori. "Small School Reform in a Large Urban High School: Does it Make a Difference in Student Outcomes?" Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2007. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/561.

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Since A Nation at Risk (1983), high schools across the United States have searched for answers to address increasing drop out rates and low student achievement. In urban areas, the large comprehensive high school is no longer addressing the diverse needs of the students it serves. The high school reform movement, beginning in 1984, set out to find solutions to solve the problems that these large urban high schools face each day. One reform is the creation of small learning communities within a large secondary school. Small learning communities are groups of teachers sharing and serving small numbers of students centered on a common theme, curriculum, and vision. These small learning communities create personalized learning environments among teachers, students, and parents to mitigate the effects of the large school on student outcomes. The purpose of this research was to investigate one of these small learning communities in a large urban high school in Los Angeles. The study explored how this small learning community set out to implement five identified factors of small schools including: personalization, leadership, authentic curriculum, innovative pedagogy, and accountability. The results show the impact of the small learning community model on student outcomes. Through the examination of quantitative data, the study correlated improved student outcomes with the level of implementation of these five identified factors. Additionally, the study used qualitative date to reinforce the quantitative findings. This research presents a model of an alternative for large urban secondary schools' dilemma in addressing low student academic performance and success.

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Cofield, Jormell Bland. "Difference in ninth-grade student performance between small learning communities and traditional high school models." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2012. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/434.

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The purpose of this causal-comparative research study was to determine the extent to which ninth-grade student performances are impacted by the small learning community model. The urban high school of interest performed higher than the district in all accountability areas, and was comparable to the state in all areas except ninth-grade on track performance. Transforming this urban school district into small learning conmiunities was planned in order to address the needs of students with the ultimate goal of increasing the graduation rate and lowering the dropout rate. The urban school district being investigated in this study began the SLC transformation process with one school. That high school went from a comprehensive high school traditional model with a magnet program to the SLC model with four different academies. This one comprehensive school is phasing the SLC academies in by grade level. This affords the school the ability to make adjustments as the model is phased in during 4 years. The SLC model and traditional model of high school and the impact of the school model on ninth-grade student performance measures. It was proposed that the following variables were directly related to ninth-grade student achievement: number of absences; scores on the science, mathematics, and literature EOCTs; number of disciplinary referrals; GPA; and grade promotion. An investigation was also conducted to determine if there was a relationship between school model, gender, and student performance. Teacher perceptions are analyzed to determine their reflections on the processes for any correlations to the student outcomes. The study was designed to determine if those basic needs are met through the SLC model or the traditional school model. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to analyze the data. Analyses of variance were used to compare six of the dependent variables between the two school models and for comparisons of these same variables among the four academies. The interviews were transcribed and coded to established dominant and emergent themes as it related to ninth-grade student achievement. Based on the findings, there were statistically no differences between the SLC and traditional school model for the ninth grade measures such as EOCT scores in mathematics, science, and English, grade point average and the number of disciplinary referrals. In addition, students enrolled in the traditional school model had significantly fewer absences, and there were a larger percentage of ninth grades students promoted in the traditional model than students who were enrolled in the SLC model. The researcher concludes that in year one of the implementation of the SLC model there was no significant impact on ninth grade student outcomes.

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Figueiredo, Alves Ines. "Responding to diversity, constructing difference : a comparative case-study of individual planning in schools in England and Portugal." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/responding-to-diversity-constructing-difference-a-comparative-casestudy-of-individual-planning-in-schools-in-england-and-portugal(1a7dac0c-174d-4fbb-a304-24f5627895b9).html.

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This thesis is a comparative case-study of how teachers in England and Portugal conceptualise and respond to pupil diversity in the context of individual planning. The purpose is to compare the processes and underlying assumptions in the two countries, in order to understand the impact of cultural aspects and of system characteristics on the phenomenon of individual planning. The research was conducted through a nested case-study approach in 10 schools in England and six schools in Portugal. The methods used were interviews with practitioners and analysis of individual planning documents. This study was done by following the cases of 41 pupils, who were identified by their teachers as ‘needing individual planning’, over a two-year period. The most common form of individual planning mentioned in educational policy are Individual Education Plans (IEPs) for pupils with ‘Special Education Needs’ (e.g. UK SEN 2001 Code of Practice, Portuguese Law 3/2008). Despite the apparent similarities, what is meant by IEPs in educational policy varies significantly. In this study, a comparative analytical cultural-historical framework (Artiles & Dyson 2005) and a ‘societal approach’ (Hantrais & Mangen 2007) were useful theoretical resources to overcome these challenges. This thesis presents an original approach to individual planning by looking beyond ‘special needs’ and national boundaries. The research identifies responses associated with individual planning and problematizes this practice as a solution to the challenges posed by student diversity to schools. This process is done with reference to the unstated assumptions about normality and difference proposed by Minow (1990).The study concludes that teachers conceptualise and respond to pupil diversity through a formulaic problem-solving approach. This approach is based on limited repertoires that are underpinned by contextual factors such as educational policy. These repertoires are wider and more flexible in England than in Portugal.

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Lucrecio, Lorraine M. "An ocean of difference: An exploration of cultural differences in learning styles." Scholarly Commons, 2016. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/240.

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An interdisciplinary approach to learning styles and teaching styles among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander students (NHPI) and Western teachers, this thesis suggests specific learning components necessary for academic success for Oceanic learners. This was accomplished by examining academic literature in the fields of anthropology, history, intercultural communication, linguistics, Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL), and Hawaiian studies. The thesis blends the current literature with qualitative research findings from questionnaire results of university students from the Pacific Islands and questionnaire results from Western university faculty. The results of this research provide insight to addressing tactile learning, natural environments, spirit/core wisdom, and awareness of the differences in communication styles for NHPI students in a U.S. university. The results also provide insight on two major themes that inhibit learning: first, that NHPI students face fear and a lack of confidence on a daily basis in the general class environment, and second, that their teachers also have a low regard of the NHPI student because of unmet expectations that are culturally relevant to Western education systems, but that are in direct contrast of Oceanic values. This thesis suggests that both teachers and students often miscommunicate by unknowing conflicting value systems.

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Guy, Richard, and edu au jillj@deakin edu au mikewood@deakin edu au wildol@deakin edu au kimg@deakin. "DISTANCE, DIALOGUE AND DIFFERENCE A Postpositivist Approach to Understanding Distance Education in Papua New Guinea." Deakin University. School of Education, 1994. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20041209.093035.

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This study focuses on the experiences of a group of educators engaged in a professional development program by distance education in Papua New Guinea. The participants in this study have been keeping professional journals, for periods of up to three years, about their experiences of distance education. Their discourses have been used to form a connected group of research participants, who use an action framework to focus on problematic issues surrounding distance education in Papua New Guinea. It is a piece of research, framed by critical theory, and characterised by participation, collaboration, reflexivity, reciprocity and empowerment. The process of the study is based in dialogue, and takes the view that research is constituted of a transformative perspective, which alters the way research participants understand the multiple realities in which they live and work, arid ultimately results in improvements in their lived experiences. The nature of the methodology privileges Voice' and a discourse of difference from each participant which contributes to the problematic nature of the study. The study has concerned itself, increasingly, with issues of power and control in the research process, and this has resulted in significant changes in the research as participants have become more conscious of issues such as distance, dialogue and difference. The study has evolved over a period of time in significant ways, and evidence is available that teachers in Papua New Guinea, despite structural and pedagogical barriers, are critically reflective and are able to transform their practice in ways which are consistent with social, cultural and political contexts in which they live and work. A number of 'local1 theories about research and distance education in Papua New Guinea are developed by the participants as they become informed about issues during the research. The practice of distance education and professional development, at personal and institutional levels, undergoes reconstruction during the life of the research and the study 'signals' other ways in which distance education and professional development may be reconstructed in Papua New Guinea.

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McBain, Suzanne Cynthia. "“We’re making a difference to the lives of our students”Learning Communities in Physical Education." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Sciences and Physcial Education, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4828.

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This qualitative case study combined teacher and student interviews with observations of one physical education class to facilitate understandings of physical education learning communities. Watkins’ (2005) definition of a learning community was used as a framework to conceptualise the study. I found that physical education teachers in this study do actively develop their classes as learning communities. Five key findings are discussed. Physical education learning communities exist in a number of different forms that can be related to a learning community continuum. The learning community’s positioning on the continuum is directly related to student agency in learning. It was found that student agency is promoted through a discourse of inquiry. In this study inquiry is a central tenet of a learning community as learning is viewed as a cognitive and socio-cultural constructivist function resulting in knowledge generation (Brown, 1997 cited in Alton Lee 2003; Sewell, 2006; Watkins, 2005). As inquiry learning is a social process in a learning community, it is concurrently supported by a discourse of community, promoting students’ ability to work altruistically and collaboratively, learning together. It was found that the explicit teaching of socio-moral outcomes through socio-cultural pedagogies enhance positive peer relationships and is essential to the promotion of an altruistic discourse of community. The discourses of community and inquiry are dialectically related and communicate clear messages to students about the expectations of behaviour and learning within an altruistic community. The early stages of a physical education learning community are based on the genuine and altruistic student-teacher relationships which provide a springboard to allow opportunities for teachers to have further conversations about learning. Finally, evidence in the study suggests that philosophy plays a significant role in both the growth and oppression of the evolution of a learning community. This study suggests that the relationship between the philosophy of the New Zealand Curriculum (2007), the physical education teachers and the economic neoliberal context influences the development of learning communities in physical education.

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Andrews, Lois Kemmet. "The difference in affective emphasis between "professional and technical" nursing education programs : a comparative study /." Staten Island, N.Y. : [s.n.], 1988. http://library.wagner.edu/theses/nursing/1988/thesis_nur_1988_andre_diffe.pdf.

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Leung, Shuk-kan. "Gender difference in the causal attributions for success and failure in achievement-related tasks." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13553951.

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Leung, Shuk-kan, and 梁淑勤. "Gender difference in the causal attributions for success and failure in achievement-related tasks." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31956592.

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Kim, Suduck. "The difference in BIM component data requirements between prescriptive representations and actual practices." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/56476.

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Utilizing Building Information Modeling (BIM) for Facility Management (FM) can reduce interoperability costs during the Operations and Maintenance (OandM) phase by improving data management. However, there are technological, process related, and organizational barriers to successful implementation of BIM integrated FM (BIM-FM), and process related barriers might be solved by the use of BIM integrated FM (BIM-FM) guidelines. However, the guidelines need to be updated with lessons learned from actual practices in order to maintain their validity. In order to diagnose current practices and identify key differences between prescriptive representations and actual practices, this exploratory research compares BIM component data requirements between guidelines and actual practices at public higher education institutions in Virginia. The gap in BIM component data requirements between the guidelines and the actual practices may prevent successful implementation of BIM-FM. This research is composed of three parts: a synthesis of prescriptive representations, determination of actual data requirements in practice, and comparison of differences between guidelines and practices. Document analysis and case study via document analysis and in-person interviews were conducted to collect data. Then, direct comparison was conducted to test the research question. Though the researcher disapproved the established hypothesis of 'There would be some differences in BIM component data requirements between prescriptive representations and actual practices' due to the difference in level of information and details between prescriptive representations and actual practices, this exploratory research provides useful information.
Master of Science

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Nichols, Sharon Louise. "The role of belongingness in middle school students' motivational adaptation to a new school setting: Do fresh starts make a difference." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289904.

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This was a study of 45 sixth-, seventh-, and eighth-grade students who attended a newly formed charter school in a large metropolitan city in the Southwest. The purpose was to explore students' conceptions of belongingness in two school contexts and to analyze how conceptions may (or may not) have changed over time and from one school context to another. Interview methods were employed to obtain both closed- and open-ended student responses. Results suggested that the role of student choice in changing schools is significantly related to whether students felt they belong. Further, students varied in their belongingness conceptions with some students emphasizing the importance of interpersonal relationships and others emphasizing academic achievement or opportunity. Results were used to generate a preliminary model of Fresh Starts Motivation (FSM) that describes the role of students' conceptions of belongingness as it exists and evolves through a major transition. Implications for future research on student belongingness are described.

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Cai, Xiaozhe. "Managing difference : postgraduate students' experience and perspectives of multicultural group work in an internationalising university." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/111335/.

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With the increasing internationalisation of Higher Education, which saw the number of international students double in the first decade of the 21st century according to an OECD report (Rebolledo-Gomez & Ranchin, 2013), universities around the world have been trying to improve the learning experience and enhance student employability in order to maintain an international reputation. Multicultural groupwork, which has the power to "force" students of different cultural backgrounds to work together has been increasingly used in the name of developing students' intercultural skills and prepare them to become "Global Citizens" under this internationalisation of Higher Education agenda. However, it needs to be questioned whether simply mixing students of different backgrounds in a group necessarily leads to them working collaboratively with each other. Challenges and negative perceptions of the experience have been repeatedly reported in the literature (Summers & Volet, 2008; Turner, 2009). However, most studies in this area were conducted by academic staff who were researching their own students, which might affect how students report their experiences. Additionally, there is little research focusing on intercultural skills development within student groups. By taking a "from students, for students, and about students" stance, I will address this research gap, not only by looking at students' perceptions of their multicultural groupwork experience, but also by looking into the development of transferable skills. My research also addresses factors that influence students' attitudes in order to identify possible actions to foster a better intercultural learning environment. A mixed methods approach was adopted to answer my research inquiry, via two questionnaires involving 286 respondents and two rounds of interviews involving 19 participants, which were conducted at the early stage and end stage of a master's degree course. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected about postgraduate students' attitudes towards multicultural groupwork, their perceptions of the groupwork experience and how they coped with the difficulties they encountered in the process. While the quantitative findings indicated that overall postgraduate students showed no change of attitudes during their one-year course of study, they largely recognised the benefits and value of working in multicultural groups. The qualitative analysis allowed a deeper exploration of the quantitative findings, for example, elaboration on the difficulties they voiced and challenges they had to deal with. Participants in this study nonetheless confirmed that they did develop skills through working in groups, as well as many creative coping strategies to deal with difficulties that happened during the groupwork process, such as different levels of language proficiency and different working styles. The implications of the study are that further support by academic teaching staff and university administration is needed to promote intercultural awareness and provide intercultural skills training to help students understand culturally different communication and working styles before they undertake group projects. The findings also suggest that current assessment criteria, which largely focus on the end product of multicultural group work rather than the process, should be changed, as the true value of working in multicultural groups exists in the interaction of students studying collaboratively.

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Gobby, Brad. "Captured becomings: an assemblage of sexual difference, neoliberal capitalism and bodies in the boys' education debate." Thesis, Gobby, Brad (2006) Captured becomings: an assemblage of sexual difference, neoliberal capitalism and bodies in the boys' education debate. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2006. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/41/.

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This study investigates the current influence of conservative political, social and economic forces in structuring the perspectives of five pre-service teachers on the education of boys. I argue that these perspectives are constituted by a conservative assemblage of essentialist discourses of sexuality and neoliberal capitalism and these largely extend the indomitable power of conservative forces increasingly shaping social relations inside and outside the field of education. The interviews reveal that conservative discourses of sexual difference dominate the perspectives on boys and their schooling and this reliance on essentialist notions of sexuality effectively gives rise to a conflicting roles discourse that informs a recuperative masculinity politics and feminist backlash. I argue the social transformation effected by neoliberal economics is largely silenced when discussing boys and education and this allows participants to largely 'blame' feminism for the transformation of labour markets, work patterns, family relationships and gendered subjectivities, silencing its powerful influence. I contend personal insecurity and anxiety generated by neoliberal economic transformation have proliferated conservative discourses of sexuality, producing a defence of rigid sexual boundaries that proscribe the potential of male and female bodies by capturing their 'becoming', and to this extent I argue that conservative discourses of sexual difference are coextensive with the aims of neoliberal capitalism. However, rather than position men as victims, I argue the conservative assemblage including the boys' debate make available diverse ways for many individuals to experience their body powerfully, with the attributes and capacities of hegemonic masculinity being proliferated. The boys' debate is one resource for producing powerful subjectivities while extending the territory of the conservative assemblage increasingly constituting our world. Methodologically this is a qualitative inquiry that utilizes discourse analysis extensively informed by poststructural theories of knowledge, power and the subject. I also make connections with the work of Deleuze and Guattari and the theories of corporeal feminism, including a theory of the body as a machinic assemblage in order to interrogate the conservative territorialisation of subjectivity and social relations. Finally, I argue the need to consider the alignment of discourses of sexual difference, neoliberal capitalism and the body in order to create a future beyond the limits currently defined by our culture.

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Gobby, Brad. "Captured becomings : an assemblage of sexual difference, neoliberal capitalism and bodies in the boys' education debate /." Gobby, Brad (2006) Captured becomings: an assemblage of sexual difference, neoliberal capitalism and bodies in the boys' education debate. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2006. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/41/.

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This study investigates the current influence of conservative political, social and economic forces in structuring the perspectives of five pre-service teachers on the education of boys. I argue that these perspectives are constituted by a conservative assemblage of essentialist discourses of sexuality and neoliberal capitalism and these largely extend the indomitable power of conservative forces increasingly shaping social relations inside and outside the field of education. The interviews reveal that conservative discourses of sexual difference dominate the perspectives on boys and their schooling and this reliance on essentialist notions of sexuality effectively gives rise to a conflicting roles discourse that informs a recuperative masculinity politics and feminist backlash. I argue the social transformation effected by neoliberal economics is largely silenced when discussing boys and education and this allows participants to largely 'blame' feminism for the transformation of labour markets, work patterns, family relationships and gendered subjectivities, silencing its powerful influence. I contend personal insecurity and anxiety generated by neoliberal economic transformation have proliferated conservative discourses of sexuality, producing a defence of rigid sexual boundaries that proscribe the potential of male and female bodies by capturing their 'becoming', and to this extent I argue that conservative discourses of sexual difference are coextensive with the aims of neoliberal capitalism. However, rather than position men as victims, I argue the conservative assemblage including the boys' debate make available diverse ways for many individuals to experience their body powerfully, with the attributes and capacities of hegemonic masculinity being proliferated. The boys' debate is one resource for producing powerful subjectivities while extending the territory of the conservative assemblage increasingly constituting our world. Methodologically this is a qualitative inquiry that utilizes discourse analysis extensively informed by poststructural theories of knowledge, power and the subject. I also make connections with the work of Deleuze and Guattari and the theories of corporeal feminism, including a theory of the body as a machinic assemblage in order to interrogate the conservative territorialisation of subjectivity and social relations. Finally, I argue the need to consider the alignment of discourses of sexual difference, neoliberal capitalism and the body in order to create a future beyond the limits currently defined by our culture.

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Sugihara, Megumi. "How to love, care, and make a difference| Non-dual global justice in action." Thesis, Fielding Graduate University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3689478.

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This dissertation is an inquiry into the worldviews and global justice actions of persons who have experienced non-dual consciousness. This research explores how people who have self-reported experiencing non-duality and are engaging in global justice actions describe economic globalization and global scale inequality as it relates to their actions. Eight open-ended in-depth interviews generated rich data around the themes of (a) non-dual experiences, (b) personal transformations, (c) understanding of global affairs, and (d) non-dual global justice in action. The primary findings are twofold. First, the participants hold conventional analysis of global affairs, such as the inherent exploitation of the capitalist economy, within the sense of an interconnected whole without any contradictions between the two. Second, the participants reported that their personal transformations had decisive influence in shaping their understanding of the world, as well as their choice of global justice actions. Because of the impact of their personal and often spiritual transformations on their global justice actions, participants consider fostering others' transformation to be their act for global justice. Their engagements for global justice are significantly different from conventional activism both in form and in nature. Instead of "analyzing, criticizing, and making a change," the non-dual global justice actors "love, care, and make a difference" through their way of being on this planet.

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com, go_brad@hotmail, and Brad Gobby. "Captured becomings: An assemblage of sexual difference, neoliberal capitalism and bodies in the boys education debate." Murdoch University, 2006. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20061129.130337.

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This study investigates the current influence of conservative political, social and economic forces in structuring the perspectives of five pre-service teachers on the education of boys. I argue that these perspectives are constituted by a conservative assemblage of essentialist discourses of sexuality and neoliberal capitalism and these largely extend the indomitable power of conservative forces increasingly shaping social relations inside and outside the field of education. The interviews reveal that conservative discourses of sexual difference dominate the perspectives on boys and their schooling and this reliance on essentialist notions of sexuality effectively gives rise to a conflicting roles discourse that informs a recuperative masculinity politics and feminist backlash. I argue the social transformation effected by neoliberal economics is largely silenced when discussing boys and education and this allows participants to largely blame feminism for the transformation of labour markets, work patterns, family relationships and gendered subjectivities, silencing its powerful influence. I contend personal insecurity and anxiety generated by neoliberal economic transformation have proliferated conservative discourses of sexuality, producing a defence of rigid sexual boundaries that proscribe the potential of male and female bodies by capturing their becoming, and to this extent I argue that conservative discourses of sexual difference are coextensive with the aims of neoliberal capitalism. However, rather than position men as victims, I argue the conservative assemblage including the boys debate make available diverse ways for many individuals to experience their body powerfully, with the attributes and capacities of hegemonic masculinity being proliferated. The boys debate is one resource for producing powerful subjectivities while extending the territory of the conservative assemblage increasingly constituting our world. Methodologically this is a qualitative inquiry that utilizes discourse analysis extensively informed by poststructural theories of knowledge, power and the subject. I also make connections with the work of Deleuze and Guattari and the theories of corporeal feminism, including a theory of the body as a machinic assemblage in order to interrogate the conservative territorialisation of subjectivity and social relations. Finally, I argue the need to consider the alignment of discourses of sexual difference, neoliberal capitalism and the body in order to create a future beyond the limits currently defined by our culture.

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Stuart, Marion. "Degrees of difference : influences on the development of tourism as a subject in UK higher education." Thesis, University of Kent, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.344142.

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Masoud, Rajabi-Ardeshiri. "Belonging through difference : children's experiences of informal religious education among the Muslim minority in the UK." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.699815.

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Swarts, Gabriel Prasad Swarts. "BECOMING SERVANTS: EXPERIENCING DIFFERENCE WHILE FORMING COMMUNITY, SERVANT, & CIVIC IDENTITIES IN A SERVICE-LEARNING CLASSROOM." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1500129405245819.

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Skvoretz, Kelsey Nicole. "Weighing in on the effectiveness of state laws on childhood obesity...fat chance!" Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1399063453.

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Schoenfeld, Ryan Scott. "Leadership and Sustainability| Continually Making a Difference as an Educational Leader Over Time in Challenging Contexts and Changing Times." Thesis, State University of New York at Buffalo, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3565818.

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Findings of an initial case study revealed that a principal had used the core leadership practices of setting direction, developing people, and redesigning the organization. The enabling principles of accountability, caring, and learning were also present. This paper is based on a follow-up qualitative research study conducted at the same school with the same principal and includes: interviews, a focus group, observation, and primary documents. Research on the topic of sustainability is lacking. This research can add to leadership and sustainability findings and strengthen the body of literature present. Findings from this research, seven years later, revealed the same core leadership practices and enabling principles intact, with the prominent addition of distributed leadership. Sustainability was fostered by the principal and staff. During the research project there was a change in student demographics, school budget woes, high accountability, and the middle school was reconfigured into an intermediate school model. These challenges were managed by the principal through quiet passion, commitment, relational trust, and elements of sustainability.

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Dorsey, Jennifer M. "An Exploration of Youth Talk Around Representations of Individual Difference in the American Television Show Glee." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:27112712.

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In this study I investigate the ways in which youth talk about difference and fictional television characters in order to better understand youth's relationship with the media and diverse others. I use the theoretical framework of constructivism and the analytic framework of Foucauldian Discourse Analysis in order to answer the following research questions: 1) What discourses and positionings do youth use when talking about fictional characters? 2) What discourses and positionings do youth use when talking about difference in the context of a television program that presents diverse characters, specifically in the areas of (a) ability, (b) sexuality, and (c) ethnicity? 3) What do these ways of talking about characters and difference make possible for youth in the world? I chose to study these questions by investigating the meanings that youth were making of characters on the television show Glee. I conducted a qualitative interview study, recruiting participants in accordance with purposive sampling for maximum variation. Data gathering consisted of qualitative interviews, both with individuals and pairs. Interviews included both photo and video elicitation. Following data collection and interview transcription, I conducted data analysis using positioning theory, discourse theory, and Foucauldian Discourse Analysis. In my first analytic chapter I identified two main discourses that youth use when talking about characters: Character as Person and Character as Creation. In my second analytic chapter I analyze youth speech and discuss the discourses and positionings that they use when talking about difference, identifying three main discourses: Being Different, Having Difference, and Enacting Difference. In my final analytic chapter I look more closely at the parasocial relationships that youth describe having with characters, investigating when youth do and do not describe identifying with the characters on Glee. I note that when youth describe relating strongly with a character because of a shared difference, they most often use the discourses of Character as Person and Being Different. Through the lens of Foucauldian Discourse Analysis, I am able to explore not only the patterns apparent in youth talk about characters and difference, but also what this talk makes possible in the world.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Education, Difference-in-difference'

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