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Townsend, Michelle. "Educational outcomes of children on guardianship or custody orders: A pilot study: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare." Children Australia 32, no. 3 (2007): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200011603.
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The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) has recently released a report on the educational outcomes for children and young people on guardianship or custody orders. This report, four years in the making, represents one of the first comprehensive Australian assessments based on educational performance data from multiple jurisdictions for children on guardianship or custody orders. Developed for the National Child Protection and Support Services data group, the study was funded by the Community and Disability Services Ministers’ Advisory Council (AIHW 2007).This pilot study examines how children on guardianship/custody orders are performing compared with all Australian children in education department-based testing for reading and numeracy in years 3, 5 and 7. Mean test scores were examined in addition to the achievement of national benchmarks for reading and numeracy. These nationally agreed benchmarks are designed to assess whether children have achieved the minimum standards for years 3, 5 and 7 (AIHW 2007). Data on 895 children on guardianship or custody orders were collected from five jurisdictions - Queensland, Victoria, South Australia, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory - for August 2003 (AIHW 2007). The data were linked through collaborative efforts by state and territory education and community services departments.
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Moore, Anthony M., Sandra Burgess, Hailey Shaw, Carolyn Banks, Irene Passaris, and Charles Guest. "Achieving high immunisation rates amongst children in the Australian Capital Territory: a collaborative effort." Australian Health Review 35, no. 1 (2011): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah10769.
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Background. In September 2008 the ACT achieved the highest childhood coverage rates in Australia with rates of 93.5% (12–15-month age cohort), 94.9% (24–27-month age cohort) and 90.58% (60–63-month age cohort). Purpose. To analyse the key contributing factors and policy initiatives that have likely to have led to high childhood immunisation rates in the ACT. Methods. Data used in this report were sourced from the Australian Childhood Immunisation Register (ACIR) held at Medicare Australia, General Practice Immunisation Incentives (GPII) ‘calculation’ data held at ACT Division of General Practice and internal immunisation databases held at Health Protection Service. Outcomes. Although the reasons for the high coverage rates seen in children are multi factorial (including national and consumer factors), key reasons locally in the ACT include: (a) the implementation of an ACT-wide immunisation strategy; (b) proactive follow up of children overdue for immunisation; (c) more sustainable provision of immunisation services across both public and private health providers; and (d) a centralised vaccine delivery service and ‘cold chain’ monitoring system. Conclusions. Although nationwide immunisation policy has been successful in increasing childhood coverage rates across all Australian jurisdictions, it is important to also acknowledge local factors that have likely to have contributed to the successful implementation of the Immunise Australia Program at the coal face. What is known about the topic? Childhood immunisation rates have risen significantly in Australia since the mid 1990s following a plethora of initiatives at both a national and state and territory level. This article examines in depth the various factors over the past decade that have likely to have contributed to the high childhood immunisation rates currently seen in the Australian Capital Territory What does this paper add? The ACT changed its strategic thinking towards immunisation provision in 2004 with an increased focus on immunisation delivery in general practice. Immunisation coverage rates improved in the ACT between 2005 and 2008 with general practice increasing their contribution to immunisation provision from 35 to 57% during this time period. This was despite of a drop in full-time equivalent general practices (GPs) in the ACT between 2003 and 2008. At face value the initial decision to increase immunisation provision through general practice in the face of a dwindling GP workforce appeared counter intuitive. What this article illustrates is the importance of having the right mix and proportion of providers delivering immunisation (public clinics v. general practice) as well as having well resourced support systems for vaccine delivery, provider education and data analysis. More importantly this paper illustrates that any disruption in any component of immunisation provision is likely to have a negative effect on coverage rates (examples provided in the article). What are the implications for practitioners? Achieving high immunisation in the ACT has been a collaborative effort by a range of immunisation stakeholders. These groups have formed strong partnerships to raise awareness of the value of immunisation and the importance of receiving vaccinations at the correct time. It is this collective effort across the health portfolio that is likely to have contributed to the ACT achieving high immunisation coverage rates amongst children. It is important for immunisation practitioners to retain strong professional networks with clear delineation of roles in order to maintain high immunisation rates. Such networks must also be adequately prepared for challenges on the horizon (i.e. change in government policy, loss of personnel, change in consumer attitudes towards immunisation, etc.) that may pose a threat towards high immunisation rates.
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Parker, Rhian M., Allison Bell, Marian J. Currie, Louise S. Deeks, Gabrielle Cooper, Sarah J. Martin, Rendry Del Rosario, Jane S. Hocking, and Francis J. Bowden. "‘Catching chlamydia’: combining cash incentives and community pharmacy access for increased chlamydia screening, the view of young people." Australian Journal of Primary Health 21, no. 1 (2015): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py12135.
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In Australia and elsewhere, chlamydia screening rates for those aged between 16 and 30 years continue to be low. Innovative, age-appropriate approaches are necessary to increase chlamydia screening among this target group to prevent short- and long-term consequences of the infection such as pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy and infertility. Studies have demonstrated that offering chlamydia screening in community pharmacies may be a useful adjunct to current screening services. Approximately 90% of Australians visit a pharmacy at least once a year. Chlamydia screening and education in community pharmacies with remuneration may provide another option for opportunistic testing as part of a national chlamydia screening scheme. Compensation is an accepted practice in the field of research and has been demonstrated to improve adherence to health promotion activities. In 2011, a cross-sectional study of community pharmacy-based chlamydia screening offered in conjunction with an A$10 cash incentive to participate was conducted in the Australian Capital Territory. As part of this study young people were asked about their experience of, and views about, pharmacy-based chlamydia screening. The views of consented participants were collected using the one-page questionnaire consisting of 10 closed questions and one open-ended question. Participants completed the questionnaire when they returned their urine sample and before being given the cash incentive. Overall participants were highly satisfied with the pharmacy-based chlamydia screening service. Over 60% of questionnaire respondents felt that the payment did affect their decision to have the chlamydia test, and 23% stated that it made no difference. Young people reported that pharmacy-based screening is acceptable and convenient. Accessibility and the small cash incentive played significant roles in increasing participation.
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McQueen, Kenneth George, Wolf Mayer, Donald John Perkin, Timothy James Munson, and Gary Bruce Lewis. "A Geoscience Education Liaison Network in the Australian Capital Territory." Journal of Geological Education 41, no. 1 (January 1993): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5408/0022-1368-41.1.32.
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Freeman, Julia. "Geography in the Australian Capital Territory: A Mixed Picture." International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education 15, no. 2 (February 15, 2006): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2167/irgee192g.0.
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Thomas, Tony. "The Age and Qualifications of Special Education Staff in Australia." Australasian Journal of Special Education 33, no. 2 (October 1, 2009): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/ajse.33.2.109.
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AbstractThis article reports on the results of a survey distributed in April 2007 to government special education schools and settings throughout Australia. The survey collected information about the age and special education qualifications of teaching staff. It followed a similar survey that was distributed in May 2006 to Victorian special schools that found that 44.9% of teachers and principals were aged 50 years or more, and 68.9% had a special education qualification. In the current survey, the percentage of principals and teachers aged 50 years or more in the responding schools ranged from 37.5% in New South Wales to 51.0% in the Australian Capital Territory. The percentage of special education qualified staff varied from 53.1% in the Australian Capital Territory to 86.6% in Western Australia. These results are examined in further detail and possible implications discussed.
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Ben-Moshe, Danny, and Anna Halafoff. "Antisemitism and Jewish Children and Youth in Australia’s Capital Territory Schools." Social Inclusion 2, no. 2 (August 20, 2014): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v2i2.166.
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Issues pertaining to religion and Australian schools have generated a significant amount of controversy and scholarly attention in recent years, and much of the attention in the religion and schools debate has focused on Muslim and non-religious children’s experiences (Erebus International, 2006; Halafoff, 2013). This article, by contrast, explores the manifestations of antisemitism as experienced by Jewish children and youth in Canberra schools. It considers the characteristics of antisemitism; when and why it occurs; its impact on the Jewish children and young people; and also the responses to it by them, the schools and the Jewish community. Based on focus groups with the Jewish students and their parents, the study reveals that antisemitism is common in Canberra schools, as almost all Jewish children and youth in this study have experienced it. The findings from this study suggest that there is a need for more anti-racism education. Specifically there is an urgent need for educational intervention about antisemitism, alongside education about religions and beliefs in general, to counter antisemitism more effectively and religious discrimination more broadly in Australian schools.
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Meredyth, Denise. "The Failure of Assessment: Critical Responses to the ASAT Debate." Australian Journal of Education 38, no. 1 (April 1994): 56–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494419403800104.
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Critical educational commentary on the problem of assessment has attempted to apply political and philosophical coherence to a dispersed collection of problems, by representing the field as polarised by absolute oppositions of principle. This paper attempts to set aside these global formulations, arguing that they bear little relation to the more piecemeal elements of the problems endemic to the modern apparatus of assessment. Drawing on recent Foucaultian work on Australian education, it explores these arguments via a case study of debates on the Australian Scholastic Aptitude Test and gender equity in the Australian Capital Territory. The conundrums arising from this example are treated as suggestive of some limitations of current forms of educational critique.
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Williams, John. "Invented tradition and how physical education curricula in the Australian Capital Territory has resisted Indigenous mention." Asia-Pacific Journal of Health, Sport and Physical Education 7, no. 3 (September 2016): 219–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18377122.2016.1233803.
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Common, IFB, and M. Horak. "Four new species of Telanepsia Turner (Lepidoptera : Oecophoridae) with larvae feeding on koala and possum scats." Invertebrate Systematics 8, no. 4 (1994): 809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it9940809.
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Four species of Telanepsia Turner (Lepidoptera : Oecophoridae : Oecophorinae), T. stockeri, T: scatophila, T. tidbinbilla and T. coprobora, are described as new. The first three have been reared from larvae feeding and pupating within the scats of koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus Goldfuss). Two of these (T. stockeri and T. scatophila) were discovered during a study of koala distribution in the Tantawangalo State Forest, south-eastern New South Wales, and larvae of T. tidbinbilla were collected in koala scats in the Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve, Australian Capital Territory. Larvae of the fourth species (T. coprobora) were found in western Victoria entering from the soil and feeding in the scats of possums (probably the brush-tailed possum, Trichosurus vulpecula Kerr), finally pupating in the soil. Adults of this species have also been collected in southern Queensland, New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory. Goniobela Turner is established as a new synonym of Telanepsia, and tornospila (Turner) as a new synonym of eucentra (Turner). Six lectotypes are designated and 12 new combinations established.
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Williams, John, and Shane Pill. "What does the term ‘quality physical education’ mean for health and physical education teachers in Australian Capital Territory schools?" European Physical Education Review 25, no. 4 (November 14, 2018): 1193–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356336x18810714.
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This research investigated what the term Quality Physical Education (QPE) meant to Health and Physical Education (HPE) teachers in Australian Capital Territory (ACT) schools. A total of 14 HPE teachers who taught middle school or above, representing government and independent schools, took part in focus group interviews about their understanding of QPE and the factors that influenced their constructs. Figurational sociology and the concepts of interdependence, habitus, and involvement and detachment, were used to inform the research and interpret the findings. It was found that teachers’ accounts of QPE were largely informed by their individual and collective experiences and their personal ‘philosophies’ of physical education. With the exception of a recently introduced national curriculum for HPE, the teachers in this study did not use, or refer to, any evidence-based documents in forming their ideas about QPE. Further, they did not mention any recognised pedagogical approaches that they used in teaching QPE. The findings from this research are important, because ‘everyday’ or common-sense teacher understandings can negatively impact student learning and threaten the status and credibility of our profession.
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Bobis, Janette. "International Update: a National Australian Statement on Mathematics." Arithmetic Teacher 40, no. 8 (April 1993): 486–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/at.40.8.0486.
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A National Statement on Mathematics for Australian Schools (Australian Education Council and the Curriculum Corporation 1991) wa released in July 1991. This document is the result of a collaborative project whose recommendations are to be implemented by the State and Territory Government education systems in Australia. It does not prescribe a panicularcurriculum but supplies a framework around which system and schools in the proces of planning can structure their mathematic curriculum.
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Murphy, Steve, Amy MacDonald, Lena Danaia, and Cen Wang. "An analysis of Australian STEM education strategies." Policy Futures in Education 17, no. 2 (May 14, 2018): 122–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1478210318774190.
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In December 2015 the Australian state and territory governments endorsed the ‘National STEM School Education Strategy 2016–2026’. Since then, the individual jurisdictions have released their own STEM education strategies that aim to improve student STEM capabilities and aspirations. This paper analyses the various Australian STEM education strategies in relation to six themes informed by research into effective STEM education: STEM capabilities; STEM dispositions; STEM educational practices; Equity; Trajectories; and Educator capacities. The analysis shows that Australia’s STEM education strategies focus on actions aimed at building student STEM capabilities, particularly through inquiry and problem-based learning, and enhancing educator capacity. The strategies recognise student STEM learning trajectories and pay particular attention to the importance of early childhood STEM education, as well as the ways in which students’ potential career pathways might be influenced. However, less emphasis is placed on supporting key transitions in STEM education, developing student STEM dispositions, and addressing equity issues in STEM.
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Parmenter, Trevor R., and Rieke Nash. "Attitudes of Teachers and Parents in the Australian Capital Territory (A.C.T.) Towards the Integration of Moderately Intellectually Handicapped Children." Australasian Journal of Special Education 11, no. 2 (November 1987): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1030011200021783.
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This paper is a partial report of an investigation into the integration program at two A.C.T. special schools catering for moderately and severely intellectually handicapped children. Teachers and parents of the children at the special schools completed questionnaires concerning the conduct and outcomes of the program. The opinions of teachers at the regular schools were obtained by personal interview.Overall there were positive attitudes expressed towards the program. Areas of concern include the level of support required for the regular class teacher, the level of preparation the handicapped children required before integration commenced, a worry of parents that handicapped children may be exposed to unnecessary pressures in the regular school system, and the fact that mere exposure of a handicapped child to a regular school environment may not lead to effective integration in the larger community.
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Chesters, Jenny. "Educational trajectories: parental education, pathways through senior secondary college and post-school outcomes in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia." International Journal of Training Research 16, no. 1 (December 20, 2017): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14480220.2017.1413992.
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Parmenter, Trevor, and Rieke Nash. "Attitudes of Teachers and Parents in the Australian Capital Territory (A.C.T.) Towards the Integration of Moderately Intellectually Handicapped Children." Australasian Journal of Special Education 11, no. 2 (November 1, 1987): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10300118709409355.
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Kerr, Rhonda, and Delia V. Hendrie. "Is capital investment in Australian hospitals effectively funding patient access to efficient public hospital care?" Australian Health Review 42, no. 5 (2018): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah17231.
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Objective This study asks ‘Is capital investment in Australian public hospitals effectively funding patient access to efficient hospital care?’ Methods The study drew information from semistructured interviews with senior health infrastructure officials, literature reviews and World Health Organization (WHO) reports. To identify which systems most effectively fund patient access to efficient hospitals, capital allocation systems for 17 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries were assessed. Results Australian government objectives (equitable access to clinically appropriate, efficient, sustainable, innovative, patient-based) for acute health services are not directly addressed within Australian capital allocation systems for hospitals. Instead, Australia retains a prioritised hospital investment system for institutionally based asset replacement and capital planning, aligned with budgetary and political priorities. Australian systems of capital allocation for public hospitals were found not to match health system objectives for allocative, productive and dynamic efficiency. Australia scored below average in funding patient access to efficient hospitals. The OECD countries most effectively funding patient access to efficient hospital care have transitioned to diagnosis-related group (DRG) aligned capital funding. Measures of effective capital allocation for hospitals, patient access and efficiency found mixed government–private–public partnerships performed poorly with inferior access to capital than DRG-aligned systems, with the worst performing systems based on private finance. Conclusion Australian capital allocation systems for hospitals do not meet Australian government standards for the health system. Transition to a diagnosis-based system of capital allocation would align capital allocation with government standards and has been found to improve patient access to efficient hospital care. What is known about the topic? Very little is known about the effectiveness of Australian capital allocation for public hospitals. In Australia, capital is rarely discussed in the context of efficiency, although poor built capital and inappropriate technologies are acknowledged as limitations to improving efficiency. Capital allocated for public hospitals by state and territory is no longer reported by Australian Institute of Health and Welfare due to problems with data reliability. International comparative reviews of capital funding for hospitals have not included Australia. Most comparative efficiency reviews for health avoid considering capital allocation. The national review of hospitals found capital allocation information makes it difficult to determine ’if we have it right’ in terms of investment for health services. Problems with capital allocation systems for public hospitals have been identified within state-based reviews of health service delivery. The Productivity Commission was unable to identify the cost of capital used in treating patients in Australian public hospitals. Instead, building and equipment depreciation plus the user cost of capital (or the cost of using the money invested in the asset) are used to estimate the cost of capital required for patient care, despite concerns about accuracy and comparability. What does this paper add? This is the first study to review capital allocation systems for Australian public hospitals, to evaluate those systems against the contemporary objectives of the health systems and to assess whether prevailing Australian allocation systems deliver funds to facilitate patient access to efficient hospital care. This is the first study to evaluate Australian hospital capital allocation and efficiency. It compares the objectives of the Australian public hospitals system (for universal access to patient-centred, efficient and effective health care) against a range of capital funding mechanisms used in comparable health systems. It is also the first comparative review of international capital funding systems to include Australia. What are the implications for practitioners? Clinical quality and operational efficiency in hospitals require access for all patients to technologically appropriate hospitals. Funding for appropriate public hospital facilities, medical equipment and information and communications technology is not connected to activity-based funding in Australia. This study examines how capital can most effectively be allocated to provide patient access to efficient hospital care for Australian public hospitals. Capital investment for hospitals that is patient based, rather than institutionally focused, aligns with higher efficiency.
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Todd, Nicole, Lorraine Gaunt, and Tom Porta. "Terminology and Provision for Students with Learning Difficulties: An Examination of Australian State Government Education Department Websites." Australian Journal of Teacher Education 47, no. 7 (July 2022): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2022v47n7.2.
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Students with learning difficulties form the largest group of students with additional needs in Australian mainstream classrooms. However the terminology surrounding these students differs broadly across the country. A consistent and shared understanding of the term learning difficulties is vital, as this impacts the identification and equitable provision of support for students experiencing difficulties with learning. The website of each Australian state/territory government education department was examined to determine to how students with learning difficulties are formally identified and supported. It was found that considerable differences, and even conflicting information, exist both within and across education systems. Implications and the significance of this situation are discussed.
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Karamujic, Harry M. "Modelling seasonality in Australian building approvals." Construction Economics and Building 12, no. 1 (February 26, 2012): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v12i1.2323.
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The paper examines the impact of seasonal influences on Australian housing approvals, represented by the State of Victoria[1] building approvals for new houses (BANHs). The prime objective of BANHs is to provide timely estimates of future residential building work. Due to the relevance of the residential property sector to the property sector as whole, BANHs are viewed by economic analysts and commentators as a leading indicator of property sector investment and as such the general level of economic activity and employment. The generic objective of the study is to enhance the practice of modelling housing variables. In particular, the study seeks to cast some additional light on modelling the seasonal behaviour of BANHs by: (i) establishing the presence, or otherwise, of seasonality in Victorian BANHs; (ii) if present, ascertaining is it deterministic or stochastic; (iii) determining out of sample forecasting capabilities of the considered modelling specifications; and (iv) speculating on possible interpretation of the results. To do so the study utilises a structural time series model of Harwey (1989). The modelling results confirm that the modelling specification allowing for stochastic trend and deterministic seasonality performs best in terms of diagnostic tests and goodness of fit measures. This is corroborated with the analysis of out of sample forecasting capabilities of the considered modelling specifications, which showed that the models with deterministic seasonal specification exhibit superior forecasting capabilities. The paper also demonstrates that if time series are characterized by either stochastic trend or seasonality, the conventional modelling approach[2] is bound to be mis-specified i.e. would not be able to identify statistically significant seasonality in time series.According to the selected modeling specification, factors corresponding to June, April, December and November are found to be significant at five per cent level. The observed seasonality could be attributed to the ‘summer holidays’ and ‘the end of financial year’ seasonal effects. [1] Victoria is geographically the second smallest state in Australia. It is also the second most populous state in Australia. Australia has six states (New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, and Western Australia), and two territories (the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory).[2] A modelling approach based on the assumption of deterministic trend and deterministic seasonality.
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Revaz Shengelia, Revaz Shengelia, Zhuzhuna Tsiklauri-Shengelia Zhuzhuna Tsiklauri-Shengelia, and Natia Shengelia Natia Shengelia. "Education – As One Main Form of Human Capital." Economics 104, no. 3-5 (June 22, 2021): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/104/3-5/20210117.
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Education is the driving force for economic development and raising living standards. As an active factor of production - a sophisticated person determines the socio-economic development of a country. Truly, there are many factors hindering the rapid development, of which solution in a relatively short time is impossible (f.ex. returning of occupied territory); However there exist other kind of problems (development of infrastructure in a short time, cost saving on maintaining the state bureaucracy and leaving more money for the economy; having reliable money in circulation; an effective social assistance system, etc.), which can be eliminated in a short time. Among such important problems, the most important is to raise the level of human education, so, the qualitative level of human capital development. In order to make the country attractive in the conditions of rapid competition, it is necessary to create an innovative, creative atmosphere for the introduction of the updated education system, for the improvement of human capital. That should ensure the continuous update of the knowledge obtained at the higher Education institutions in parallel with the scientific and technical progress improved level. All this requires a lot of private initiatives, less regulation by the state and in the right direction of finances, reasonable and targeted spending. In Summary, the goal of the ongoing education reform is to make education not just as as a business but to make it more as a public good. Since education is the most significant sphere for accumulation of human capital and dissemination of knowledge in modern digital economy, it is necessary to increase the role of the state in improving this field. Keywords: Human Capital, Investment, Education, Competition.
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Wettenhall, Roger. "The external relations of a small quasi-state within a federal system: the case of the Australian Capital Territory." Public Administration and Development 18, no. 2 (May 1998): 123–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-162x(199805)18:2<123::aid-pad3>3.0.co;2-p.
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Gammage, David T. "Three decades of implementation of school‐based management in the Australian Capital Territory and Victoria in Australia." International Journal of Educational Management 22, no. 7 (September 19, 2008): 664–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09513540810908575.
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Jolly, Jennifer, and Jennifer Robins. "Australian Gifted and Talented Education: An Analysis of Government Policies." Australian Journal of Teacher Education 46, no. 8 (August 2021): 70–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2021v46n8.5.
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Education policy signals the level of support or importance for high-performing or gifted and talented students to school leaders, educators, parents, and other stakeholders. These policies communicate the value or goals of departments of education. Given the importance of education policy, there remains a void in the analysis of gifted and talented education policy, which accounts for less than 1% of the empirical literature. We sought to understand how publicly available individual state and territory departments of education’s gifted and talented education policies and guidance documents coalesce with the NAGC (2019) Pre-K–Grade 12 Gifted Education Programming Standards. Although not developed for the Australian context, they provide a common index from which to gauge alignment. Results indicated an uneven approach in both policy and guidance and this imbalance exposes opportunity gaps to address the specific learning needs of this student population.
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Maximova, Svetlana G., Daria A. Omelchenko, and Oksana E. Noyanzina. "EDUCATIONAL AND LINGUISTIC COMPONENTS OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN THE ALTAY TERRITORY: ACTUAL STATE AND STRUCTURAL DETERMINANTS." Society and Security Insights 4, no. 1 (December 25, 2020): 13–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/ssi(2021)1-01.
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Regions of Russia are not only highly differentiated by their socio-economic position, but also differ by efficiency of regional policy aimed at using human capital for regional development. Many border regions, especially situated in the Eastern part of Russia and having agricultural character of economy, are more vulnerable due to their natural depopulation and great migration outflows. Education and health are two most important components of the human capital, and this article is focused on the second part, analyzed through gender, territorial and generational inequalities and their impacts on the level of satisfaction by material position on the materials of the sociological survey, conducted in the Altay territory in 2020 (n = 573, respondents’ age from 18 to 70 years). The analysis shows that despite general significance of education and its high return, educational trajectories and economic perspectives of using education differ significantly in socio-demographic and status groups. Linguistic competencies are poorly developed and practically remain unclaimed, the language proficiency works only in pair with other educational and professional achievements.
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Tahmindjis, Phillip. "Sexual Harassment and Australian Anti-Discrimination Law." International Journal of Discrimination and the Law 7, no. 1-4 (September 2005): 87–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135822910500700404.
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This paper examines the law of sexual harassment in Australia and concludes that, while there is extensive legislative coverage at Commonwealth, State and Territory levels, this coverage is uneven. The differences and resulting outcomes between local jurisdictions are considered. The differences between Australian laws and overseas jurisdictions are also considered, particularly with respect to procedure in sexual harassment cases and remedies in a jurisdiction where punitive damages are not allowed. The paper considers the positive and negative features of the Australian law and argues that greater education of the legal profession is needed to allow the adequate delivery of justice to people who have been sexually harassed.
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Miroshnikov, S. A. "Orenburg State University in the Conditions of Transformation." Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia 30, no. 8-9 (September 8, 2021): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2021-30-8-9-105-114.
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The article presents the key points of the development strategy of Orenburg State University with a focus on the criteria of the Strategic Academic Leadership Program “Priority 2030”. Transformations of popular models of university development in the historical logic are considered, actual models in an international and regional scale are highlighted. The article makes the case for transition from the adaptation strategy of the university development to the strategy of a driver of positive changes in the Orenburg Region. The resources of the OSU leadership strategy and tactical solutions for the implementation of the OSU mission – “Development of territory and human capital” in various types and scales of influence are determined.
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Davis, B. K., M. Schmidt, E. O'Keefe, M. J. Currie, A. M. Baynes, T. Bavinton, M. McNiven, and F. J. Bowden. "8. 'STAMP OUT CHLAMYDIA' PROJECT - BRINGING CHLAMYDIA SCREENING TO TERTIARY STUDENTS IN THE AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY." Sexual Health 4, no. 4 (2007): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/shv4n4ab8.
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Study's objective: Stamp Out Chlamydia (SOC) is a pilot research project funded by the Commonwealth Department of Health & Aging to devise and implement a cost effective program for education and chlamydia screening for ACT tertiary students aged 16-26 years at The Australian National University (ANU), University of Canberra and Canberra Institutes of Technology, that may be suitable for national implementation. Methodology: A collaborative clinical outreach project between Canberra Sexual Health Centre, Sexual Health and Family Planning ACT and ANU Medical School, whereby the SOC team attends student-initiated events on ACT tertiary campuses to educate and test young people, using self-obtained urine specimens. Summary of Results: The majority of these outreach events were attended by two Registered Nurses and the Health Promotion Officer. To date they have attended 19 events including Orientation Week activities, BBQ's, Easter Scavenger Hunt, Gay Pride Week events and sports events. Promoting the SOC project has been through word of mouth, SOC 'Champions', convenience and media advertising and a dedicated web site. By May 2007 the SOC project had: Interfaced with 1512 tertiary students and offered them the opportunity to participate in the research Screened 445 for chlamydia Found a chlamydia prevalence of 1.8% Treated eight cases and their contacts Of those screened: Male 240 Female 205 Target group 412 Conclusion: ACT tertiary students accept this outreach approach. Of students approached, over a quarter agreed to have screening. The high profile of the SOC project is leading to an increased awareness of chlamydia. Many students are unaware of the high incidence and/or the consequences of chlamydia, if left untreated and report that they would not have attended mainstream services for screening. Ongoing data analysis will determine if this project is cost effective and feasible.
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Westbury, Juanita, Peter Gee, Tristan Ling, Alex Kitsos, and Gregory Peterson. "More action needed: Psychotropic prescribing in Australian residential aged care." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 53, no. 2 (February 28, 2018): 136–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867418758919.
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Objective: For at least two decades, concerns have been raised about inappropriate psychotropic prescribing in Australian residential aged care facilities, due to their modest therapeutic benefit and increased risk of falls and mortality. To date, the majority of prevalence data has been collected in Sydney exclusively and it is not known if recent initiatives to promote appropriate psychotropic prescribing have impacted utilisation. Thus, we aimed to comprehensively analyse psychotropic use in a large national sample of residential aged care facility residents. Method: A cross-sectional, retrospective cohort study of residents from 150 residential aged care facilities distributed nationally during April 2014–October 2015. Antipsychotic, anxiolytic/hypnotic and antidepressant utilisation was assessed, along with anticonvulsant and anti-dementia drug use. Negative binomial regression analysis was used to examine variation in psychotropic use. Results: Full psychotropic prescribing data was available from 11,368 residents. Nearly two-thirds (61%) were taking psychotropic agents regularly, with over 41% prescribed antidepressants, 22% antipsychotics and 22% of residents taking benzodiazepines. Over 30% and 11% were charted for ‘prn’ (as required) benzodiazepines and antipsychotics, respectively. More than 16% of the residents were taking sedating antidepressants, predominantly mirtazapine. South Australian residents were more likely to be taking benzodiazepines ( p < 0.05) and residents from New South Wales/Australian Capital Territory less likely to be taking them ( p < 0.01), after adjustment for rurality and size of residential aged care facility. Residents located in New South Wales/Australian Capital Territory were also significantly less likely to take antidepressants ( p < 0.01), as were residents from outer regional residential aged care facilities ( p < 0.01). Antipsychotic use was not associated with State, rurality or residential aged care facility size. Conclusion: Regular antipsychotic use appears to have decreased in residential aged care facilities but benzodiazepine prevalence is higher, particularly in South Australian residential aged care facilities. Sedating antidepressant and ‘prn’ psychotropic prescribing is widespread. Effective interventions to reduce the continued reliance on psychotropic management, in conjunction with active promotion of non-pharmacological strategies, are urgently required.
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Krige, Anna-Sheree, Siew-May Loh, and Charlotte L. Oskam. "New host records for ticks (Acari : Ixodidae) from the echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus) revealed in Australian museum survey." Australian Journal of Zoology 65, no. 6 (2017): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo18018.
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A nationwide survey was conducted for ticks (Ixodidae) removed from echidnas, Tachyglossus aculeatus (Shaw, 1792), that had been previously collected between 1928 and 2013, and archived within Australian national (Australian National Insect Collection, Australian Capital Territory) and state (Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, and Western Australia) natural history collections. A total of 850 ticks from 89 T. aculeatus hosts were morphologically identified to determine instar, sex and species. Seven larvae, 349 nymphs and 494 adults were identified; 235 were female and 259 were male. The most common tick species was Bothriocroton concolor (Neumann, 1899) (89.2%). In addition, ticks previously recorded from T. aculeatus were identified, including Amblyomma australiense Neumann, 1905 (1.8%), Amblyomma echidnae Roberts, 1953 (0.1%), Bothriocroton hydrosauri (Denny, 1843) (1.4%), Bothriocroton tachyglossi (Roberts, 1953) (1.5%) and Ixodes tasmani Neumann, 1899 (1.2%). For the first time, 22 Amblyomma fimbriatum Koch, 1844 (2.6%) and 19 Amblyomma triguttatum Koch, 1844 (2.2%) ticks were recorded from T. aculeatus. This is the first survey to utilise archived Australian tick collections for the purpose of acquiring new data on tick species that parasitise T. aculeatus.
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Hopkins, Liza J. "Hospital-based education support for students with chronic health conditions." Australian Health Review 40, no. 2 (2016): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah15032.
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Objective To examine the evidence for best practice in educational support to hospitalised students and describe the existing supports available across each Australian state and territory. Methods A descriptive approach to the diversity of current practice and a review of the published evidence for best practice. Results We have constructed a model of best-practice in education support to hospitalised students. We found that education support services in each state met some of the criteria for best practice, but no one state service met all of the criteria. Conclusions All Australian states and territories make provision for hospitalised students to continue with their education, however the services in some states are closer to the best-practice model than others. What is known about the topic? It is well known that children and young people living with health conditions are at higher risk of educational underachievement and premature disengagement from school than their healthy peers. Although each state and territory across Australia offers some form of educational support to students during periods of hospitalisation, this support differs widely in each jurisdiction in fundamentals such as which students are eligible for support, where the support is delivered, how it is delivered and who coordinates the support. Published evidence in the literature suggests that the elements of good practice in education support have been well identified but, in practice, lack of policy direction can hinder the implementation of coordinated support. What does this paper add? This paper draws together the different models in place to support students in hospital in each state and territory and identifies the common issues that are faced by hospital education support services, as well as identifying areas where practice differs across settings. It also identifies the elements of good practice from the literature and links the elements of theory and practice to present a model of education support that addresses the needs of students with health conditions in an integrated and child-centred way. What are the implications for practitioners? Education support has developed over many decades in a variety of different forms across the states and territories of Australia. This paper brings together for the first time the published evidence for good practice in this area with existing models of practice to identify ways in which both healthcare professionals and education professionals can work together to improve the health, well being and education of children and young people living with health conditions.
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Looi, Jeffrey CL, Stephen Allison, Tarun Bastiampillai, and William Pring. "Private practice metropolitan telepsychiatry in smaller Australian jurisdictions during the COVID-19 pandemic: preliminary analysis of the introduction of new Medicare Benefits Schedule items." Australasian Psychiatry 28, no. 6 (October 5, 2020): 639–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1039856220960381.
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Objective: To analyse the smaller Australian state/territory service impact of the introduction of new COVID-19 psychiatrist video and telephone telehealth Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) items. Method: MBS item service data were extracted for COVID-19 psychiatrist video and telephone telehealth item numbers corresponding to the pre-existing in-person consultations for the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), Northern Territory (NT), South Australia (SA) and Tasmania. Results: The overall rate of consultations (face-to-face and telehealth) increased during March and April 2020, compared to the monthly face-to-face consultation average, excepting Tasmania. Compared to an annual monthly average of in-person consultations for July 2018–June 2019, total telepsychiatry consultations were higher for April than May. For total video and telephone telehealth consultations combined, video consultations were lower in April and higher in May. As a percentage of combined telehealth and in-person consultations, telehealth was greater for April and lower for May compared to the monthly face-to-face consultation average. Conclusions: In the smaller states/territories, the private practice workforce rapidly adopted COVID-19 MBS telehealth items, with the majority of psychiatric consultation shifting to telehealth initially, and then returning to face-to-face. With a second wave of COVID-19 in Australia, telehealth is likely to remain a vital part of the national mental health strategy.
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Ainsworth, Frank, and John Berger. "Family Inclusive Child Protection Practice: The History of the Family Inclusion Network and Beyond." Children Australia 39, no. 2 (May 21, 2014): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2014.1.
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This article records briefly the history of the Family Inclusion Network as an organisation that promotes family inclusive child protection practice. Since its inception in Queensland in 2006, Family Inclusion Network organisations have been formed elsewhere and now exist in Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, Tasmania, Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales. In 2010, developments at a national level saw the formation of the Family Inclusion Network Australia. Most organisations are incorporated and some have achieved charitable status. Each organisation endorses a common set of aims and objectives. There are, however, differences in terms of whether state or territory organisations accept government funding or not, are staffed by professionals or rely entirely on volunteer personnel, and have a capacity or otherwise to provide direct casework services to parents. Some state organisations focus on information and advice services, and legislative and policy reform efforts. All have telephone advice lines and a webpage presence. This article also focuses on a code of ethics for child protection practice and on the contribution parents can make to child protection services, and their rights to do so.
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Wilson, Tom, and Fiona Shalley. "Estimates of Australia’s non-heterosexual population." Australian Population Studies 2, no. 1 (May 26, 2018): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37970/aps.v2i1.23.
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Background Demographers have studied minority populations for many years, but relatively little attention has been paid to sexual minority groups. Population estimates for sexual minorities would be useful as denominators for a range of health and socioeconomic indicators, to monitor representation in employment, assist budget planning and inform the marketing of goods and services. Aim The aim of this paper is to present some approximate estimates of the non-heterosexual adult population of Australia in mid-2016 by sex, broad age group and state and territory. Data and methods Data on sexual identity were sourced from three nationally representative surveys: the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey, the second Australian Study of Health and Relationships and the ABS General Social Survey. Use was made also of 2016 ABS Census of Population and Housing (Census) data and Estimated Resident Populations. Prevalence rates of the non-heterosexual population aged 18+ were averaged over the three surveys and multiplied by ERP to obtain national population estimates. Census data on same-sex couples were used to distribute the national estimates by state and territory. Results Australia’s non-heterosexual population aged 18+ in 2016 is estimated to have been 592,000, representing about 3.2% of the adult population. New South Wales is home to the largest non-heterosexual population (about 204,000) and the Northern Territory the smallest (4,700), while the highest prevalence is in the Australian Capital Territory (5.1%). Conclusions Australia’s non-heterosexual population is a relatively small population, but its prevalence varies considerably by age and sex and between states and territories. Estimates of this population should prove useful for monitoring health and wellbeing and for a variety of planning and policy purposes.
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Vett. "Australian Indigenous Art Centres Online: A Multi-Purpose Cultural Tourism Framework." Arts 8, no. 4 (October 26, 2019): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts8040145.
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In early 2019, Australia’s Northern Territory (NT) government announced the $106 million funding and promotion of a new state-wide Territory Arts Trail featuring Indigenous art and culture under the banner “The World’s biggest art gallery is the NT.” Some of the destinations on the Arts Trail are Indigenous art centres, each one a nexus of contemporary creativity and cultural revitalisation, community activity and economic endeavour. Many of these art centres are extremely remote and contend with resourcing difficulties and a lack of visitor awareness. Tourists, both independent and organised, make their travelling decisions based upon a range of factors and today, the availability of accessible and engaging online information is vital. This makes the quality of the digital presence of remote art centres, particularly their website content, a critical determinant in visitor itineraries. This digital content also has untapped potential to contribute significant localised depth and texture to broader Indigenous arts education and comprehension. This article examines the context-based website content which supports remote Indigenous art centre tourism and suggests a strategic framework to improve website potential in further advancing commercial activities and Indigenous arts education.
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Jackson, Isabella, Caroline Doyle, and Lorana Bartels. "‘An awful state of affairs for you’: managing the needs of older prisoners – a case study from the Australian Capital Territory." Current Issues in Criminal Justice 32, no. 2 (April 2, 2020): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10345329.2020.1739815.
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Shield, Jennifer, Sabine Braat, Matthew Watts, Gemma Robertson, Miles Beaman, James McLeod, Robert W. Baird, et al. "Seropositivity and geographical distribution of Strongyloides stercoralis in Australia: A study of pathology laboratory data from 2012–2016." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 3 (March 9, 2021): e0009160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009160.
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Background There are no national prevalence studies of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in Australia, although it is known to be endemic in northern Australia and is reported in high risk groups such as immigrants and returned travellers. We aimed to determine the seropositivity (number positive per 100,000 of population and percent positive of those tested) and geographical distribution of S. stercoralis by using data from pathology laboratories. Methodology We contacted all seven Australian laboratories that undertake Strongyloides serological (ELISA antibody) testing to request de-identified data from 2012–2016 inclusive. Six responded. One provided positive data only. The number of people positive, number negative and number tested per 100,000 of population (Australian Bureau of Statistics data) were calculated including for each state/territory, each Australian Bureau of Statistics Statistical Area Level 3 (region), and each suburb/town/community/locality. The data was summarized and expressed as maps of Australia and Greater Capital Cities. Principal findings We obtained data for 81,777 people who underwent serological testing for Strongyloides infection, 631 of whom were from a laboratory that provided positive data only. Overall, 32 (95% CI: 31, 33) people per 100,000 of population were seropositive, ranging between 23/100,000 (95% CI: 19, 29) (Tasmania) and 489/100,000 population (95%CI: 462, 517) (Northern Territory). Positive cases were detected across all states and territories, with the highest (260-996/100,000 and 17–40% of those tested) in regions across northern Australia, north-east New South Wales and north-west South Australia. Some regions in Greater Capital Cities also had a high seropositivity (112-188/100,000 and 17–20% of those tested). Relatively more males than females tested positive. Relatively more adults than children tested positive. Children were under-represented in the data. Conclusions/Significance The study confirms that substantial numbers of S. stercoralis infections occur in Australia and provides data to inform public health planning.
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Biddle, Nicholas, Heather Crawford, and Robyn Seth-Purdie. "Risk Burden, Participation in Early Childhood Education and Care, and Child Outcomes." Australasian Journal of Early Childhood 42, no. 1 (March 2017): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.23965/ajec.42.1.06.
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IN 2008, AUSTRALIAN COMMONWEALTH and state and territory governments signed a National Partnership Agreement on Early Childhood Education, committing to provide universal access to quality early childhood education in the year before full-time schooling. The agreement noted that early childhood is a critical development period and quality early childhood education programs particularly benefit children at risk of poorer outcomes. Using the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, we show that for children aged four to five years in 2008, baseline risk factors were significantly associated with a range of poorer outcomes in the early school years and these associations were not offset by participation in a preschool program or attendance at day care without a preschool program. These results serve as a benchmark for the success of subsequent initiatives to provide children with universal access to quality preschool programs.
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MUNNOCH, S. A., K. WARD, S. SHERIDAN, G. J. FITZSIMMONS, C. T. SHADBOLT, J. P. PIISPANEN, Q. WANG, et al. "A multi-state outbreak of Salmonella Saintpaul in Australia associated with cantaloupe consumption." Epidemiology and Infection 137, no. 3 (June 18, 2008): 367–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268808000861.
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SUMMARYA multi-state outbreak of Salmonella enterica serovar Saintpaul infection occurred in Australia during October 2006. A case-control study conducted in three affected jurisdictions, New South Wales, Victoria and Australian Capital Territory, included 36 cases with the outbreak-specific strain of S. Saintpaul identified by multiple locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) in a faecal specimen and 106 controls. Consumption of cantaloupe (rockmelon) was strongly associated with illness (adjusted OR 23·9 95%, 95% CI 5·1–112·4). S. Saintpaul, with the outbreak MLVA profile, was detected on the skin of two cantaloupes obtained from an implicated retailer. Trace-back investigations did not identify the specific source of the outbreak strain of S. Saintpaul, but multiple Salmonella spp. were detected in environmental samples from farms and packing plants investigated during the trace-back operation. Cantaloupe production and processing practices pose a potential public health threat requiring regulatory and community educational interventions.
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Wilson, Tom, and Andrew Taylor. "Alternative methods of determining the number of House of Representatives seats for Australia’s territories." Australian Population Studies 1, no. 1 (November 19, 2017): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37970/aps.v1i1.9.
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Background: Population size determines the number of seats each Australian state and territory is entitled to in the House of Representatives. The Northern Territory (NT) and Australian Capital Territory (ACT) were allocated two and three seats, respectively, in the August 2017 determination, but by very small margins. Both territories risk losing a seat at the next determination. This would result in them having considerably more people per member of parliament than any of the states.
Aims: This paper (1) provides modelling to support the consideration of alternative rules for determining membership entitlement to the House of Representatives which does not disadvantage the NT and ACT and (2) presents population projections for future determinations under the current and alternative rules.
Data and methods: Population projections for the states and territories were produced for three demographic scenarios. The resulting numbers of seats for the NT and ACT were calculated for each scenario under the current and proposed alternative seat entitlement rules.
Results: Under the existing rules the NT and ACT would only keep their current number of seats at the next determination if they experienced higher net in-migration than in recent years. Under the alternative seat entitlement rules suggested, the NT and ACT would be very unlikely to lose any seats and would almost certainly gain seats in ensuing decades.
Conclusions: There is a case for re-examining the way the states and territories are allocated seats in the House of Representatives.
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Mond, Jonathan, Rodney Morice, and Cathy Owen. "Use of Antipsychotic Medications in Australian States and Territories Between July 1995 and December 2001." Australasian Psychiatry 11, no. 3 (September 2003): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1665.2003.00561.x.
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Objective: To examine trends in the use of oral conventional, depot and atypical antipsychotic medications in Australian States and Territories between 1995 and 2001. Methods: For each 6 month interval between July 1995 and December 2001, prescription data obtained were converted into a measure of drug utilization expressed as the number of defined daily doses per thousand population per day (DDDs/1000/day). Data concerning the major specialty of the prescriber were available for the period 1996–2000. Results: In each State and Territory, use of atypical antipsychotic medications increased markedly while use of oral conventional and depot medications declined. Between July 2001 and December 2001, the proportion of total prescriptions for antipsychotic medications accounted for by prescriptions for atypical medications varied from 63.1% in South Australia to 76.1% in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). Relative use of atypical medications was higher in the ACT than in other regions, while relative use of depot medications was higher in the Northern Territory than in other regions. During the year 2000, the proportion of prescriptions for oral conventional and depot medications written by general practitioners (GPs) exceeded 75% in all regions other than the ACT. Between 1996 and 2000, the proportion of prescriptions for atypical medications written by GPs increased markedly in all regions but remained lower than for oral conventional and depot medications. Conclusions: Atypical antipsychotic medications have replaced conventional medications as the first-line pharmacological treatment for psychotic disorders in all regions of Australia. Continued expansion of programmes designed to foster collaboration between GPs and mental health services will be essential in achieving optimal prescribing of antipsychotic medications.
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Brodie, Pat, and Lesley Barclay. "Contemporary issues in Australian midwifery regulation." Australian Health Review 24, no. 4 (2001): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah010103.
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This paper reports on research that examined the Nurses' Acts, regulations and current policies of each state and territory in Australia, in order to determine their adequacy in regulating the education and practice of midwifery. This is part of a three-year study (Australian Midwifery Action Project) set up to identify and investigate barriers to midwifery within the provision of mainstream maternity services in Australia. Through an in-depth examination and comparison of key factors in the various statutes, the paper identifies their effect on contemporary midwifery roles and practices. The work assessed whether the current regulatory system that subsumes midwifery into nursing is adequate in protecting the public appropriately and ensuring that minimum professional standards are met. This is of particular importance in Australia, where many maternity health care services are seeking to maximise midwives' contributions through the development of new models of care that increase midwives' autonomy and level of accountability.
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Clark, Antony, David B. Preen, Jonathon Q. Ng, James B. Semmens, and C. D'Arcy J. Holman. "Is Western Australia representative of other Australian States and Territories in terms of key socio-demographic and health economic indicators?" Australian Health Review 34, no. 2 (2010): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah09805.
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Objective.To evaluate the extent to which Western Australian (WA) represents the broader Australian population in terms of key socio-demographic and health economic indicators. Methods.We compared key demographic, social and health economic indicators across all Australian States and Territories from Australian government publications in the census years 1991–2006. Jurisdictional averages (JAs) were calculated as the mean (±s.d.) or median (±range). Observed jurisdiction indicators were compared with the JA and ranked according its representativeness of the JA. Results.WA was among the three closest jurisdictions to the national JA for all socio-demographic and health economic indicators examined, with the exception of uptake of private health insurance (ranked 6th) and per-capita health expenditure (ranked 5th). The Northern Territory and Australian Capital Territory were least representative for the majority of indicators. Excluding the proportions of people living in rural or remote areas (0–100%) and of indigenous origin (0.4–28.8%), variations in the indicators across the jurisdictions were relatively small. Conclusions.Population differences between Australia’s States were small, whereas Australia’s Territories were least representative of the JA. WA was the most representative population of Australia’s eight jurisdictions and continues to be in a strong position to contribute to knowledge of the Australian health system that is applicable Australia-wide. What is known about the topic?The Western Australian Data Linkage system (WADLS) is a highly successful and productive research tool that facilitates population-based health research. A potential criticism and concern of this research surrounds the representativeness of the WA population to other Australian States and Territories. Anecdotally, there is a perception that WA’s isolation from other Australian populations may lead to systematic socio-demographic and socioeconomic differences; thus limiting the generalisability of research findings. What does this paper add?This paper compares Australia’s State and Territory population profiles and allows researchers to determine the extent to which contextual issues concerning key socio-demographic and health economic indicators may affect the external validity of population-based research arising from any one jurisdiction. What are the implications to practitioners?In the absence of previous evaluations in this area and with the continued emergence of new data linkage systems around the country, this information is important for health researchers and policy makers who may wish to draw conclusions and make policy decisions that rely upon extrapolating findings from population-based studies.
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Jakobs, Olivia M., Elizabeth M. O'Leary, Mark F. Cormack, and Guan C. Chong. "A working model for the extraordinary review of clinical privileges for doctors and dentists in the Australian Capital Territory." Australian Health Review 34, no. 2 (2010): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah08694.
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The extraordinary (unplanned) review of clinical privileges is the means by which an organisation can manage specific complaints about individual practitioners’ clinical competence that require immediate investigation. To date, the extraordinary review of clinical privileges for doctors and dentists has not been the subject of much research and there is a pressing need for the evaluation and review of how different legislated and non-legislated administrative processes work and what they achieve. Although it seems a fair proposition that comprehensive processes for the evaluation of the clinical competence of doctors and dentists may improve the overall delivery of an organisation’s clinical services, in fact, little is known about the relationship between the safety and quality of specific clinical services, procedures and interventions and the efficiency or effectiveness of established methodologies for the routine or the extraordinary review of clinical privileges. The authors present a model of a structured approach to the extraordinary review of clinical privileges within a clinical governance framework in the Australian Capital Territory. The assessment framework uses a primarily qualitative methodology, underpinned by a process of systematic review of clinical competence against the agreed standards of the CanMEDS Physician Competency Framework. The model is a practical, working framework that could be implemented on a hospital-, area health service- or state- and territory-wide basis in any other Australian jurisdiction. What is known about the topic?In Australia, there is a national standard for credentialing and defining the scope of clinical practice for doctors working in hospital settings. However, there are no published reports in the national arena on established processes for the extraordinary review of clinical privileges for doctors or dentists and, despite the major inquiries investigating health system failures in Australian hospitals, the effectiveness and adequacy of existing processes for the extraordinary review of clinical privileges has not yet been prioritised nationally as an area for improvement or reform. Internationally, health care organisations have also been slow to establish frameworks for the management of complaints about doctors or dentists. What does this paper add?This paper makes a significant contribution to the national and international safety and quality literature by presenting an exposition of a working model for the extraordinary review of clinical privileges of doctors and dentists. The authors describe a methodology in the public health sector that is territory-wide (not hospital-based), peer-reviewed, objective, fair and responsive. Because the model is a practical, working framework that could be implemented on a hospital-, area health service- or state- and territory-wide basis in any other Australian jurisdiction, this paper provides an opportunity for policy makers and legislators to drive innovative change. Although incursions into the provision of care by other health professionals have been avoided, the model could be readily adopted by clinical leaders from the nursing and allied health professions. What are the implications for practitioners?An organisation dedicated to investigating serious complaints with a real sense of urgency, objectivity and transparency is far less likely to fester a climate of disquiet or anger amongst staff, or to trigger concerns of a ‘cover-up’ or disregard for accountability than an organisation not adopting such an approach. Anecdotal experience suggests the model has the potential to minimise, if not prevent, the occurrence of the kinds of complaints that become much-publicised in the media. This is positive because these types of damaging high profile cases often have the effect of diminishing community confidence in the health care system, in particular, confidence in the medical profession’s ability to self-regulate. Often, they also lead to a misrepresentation of the medical profession in the media, which is unfair since the overwhelming majority of doctors do meet the standards of their profession.
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Vaughan, Graeme, and Pam Cahir. "A National Framework for Children's Services: AECA's View." Australasian Journal of Early Childhood 21, no. 2 (June 1996): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/183693919602100208.
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Council of Australian Governments (COAG) proposed, in its discussion paper released in November 1995, that it develop a national framework for children's services in Australia. This is part of its review of intergovernmental responsibilities for the delivery of children's services. The review consists of two steps, the first being intergovernmental agreement on a national framework, and the second, bilateral agreements between the Commonwealth and each State and Territory to implement the national framework. The Australian Early Childhood Association, Inc. (AECA) has prepared a submission which sets out its views on the objectives, outcomes, and features of a national framework for children's services. The Association strongly believes that the interests of children should be the paramount consideration in developing the national framework for a children's services system.
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Boardman, Margot. "‘I Know how much this Child has Learned. I have Proof!’." Australasian Journal of Early Childhood 32, no. 3 (September 2007): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/183693910703200309.
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THIS STUDY SET OUT to investigate the use of digital cameras and voice recorders to accurately capture essential components of early learners' achievements. The project was undertaken by 29 early childhood educators within kindergarten settings in Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory. Data collected indicated that digital technologies, involving cameras and voice recorders, have the potential to facilitate the collection of accurate evidence for assessment purposes. Study results also reveal that digital tools have the potential to enhance not only the young child's learning but also the teaching methods of early childhood practitioners. The prospective value of employing digital technologies in documentation processes in the early years of education has only begun, with this study suggesting there is an exciting potential for these technologies to enhance assessment and record-keeping practices in early childhood settings.
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Goller, Jane L., Jacqueline Coombe, Christopher Bourne, Deborah Bateson, Meredith Temple-Smith, Jane Tomnay, Alaina Vaisey, et al. "Patient-delivered partner therapy for chlamydia in Australia: can it become part of routine care?" Sexual Health 17, no. 4 (2020): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh20024.
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Abstract Background Patient-delivered partner therapy (PDPT) is a method for an index patient to give treatment for genital chlamydia to their sexual partner(s) directly. In Australia, PDPT is considered suitable for heterosexual partners of men and women, but is not uniformly endorsed. We explored the policy environment for PDPT in Australia and considered how PDPT might become a routine option. Methods: Structured interviews were conducted with 10 key informants (KIs) representing six of eight Australian jurisdictions and documents relevant to PDPT were appraised. Interview transcripts and documents were analysed together, drawing on KIs’ understanding of their jurisdiction to explore our research topics, namely the current context for PDPT, challenges, and actions needed for PDPT to become routine. Results: PDPT was allowable in three jurisdictions (Victoria, New South Wales, Northern Territory) where State governments have formally supported PDPT. In three jurisdictions (Western Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Tasmania), KIs viewed PDPT as potentially allowable under relevant prescribing regulations; however, no guidance was available. Concern about antimicrobial stewardship precluded PDPT inclusion in the South Australian strategy. For Queensland, KIs viewed PDPT as not allowable under current prescribing regulations and, although a Medicine and Poisons Act was passed in 2019, it is unclear if PDPT will be possible under new regulations. Clarifying the doctor–partner treating relationship and clinical guidance within a care standard were viewed as crucial for PDPT uptake, irrespective of regulatory contexts. Conclusion: Endorsement and guidance are essential so doctors can confidently and routinely offer PDPT in respect to professional standards and regulatory requirements.
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Watson, Jane, Suzie Wright, Jeanne Maree Allen, Ian Hay, Neil Cranston, and Kim Beswick. "Increasing Students' Social Capital through Community Involvement in Rural and Regional Education." Australian and International Journal of Rural Education 27, no. 3 (July 24, 2022): 142–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47381/aijre.v27i3.128.
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School and community interaction is an important topic in education, as evidence suggests that communities that value their local schools engender more positive long-term outcomes and a strengthening of the social capital for the students from those schools. Although school and community interaction has been explored from the school's perspective, less research has occurred from the perspective of the key stakeholders and leaders of a community, particularly in rural, regional, and disadvantaged areas. The context for this exploration is the Australian state of Tasmania, and the research findings may have implications for policy makers, school leaders, and teachers both nationally and internationally. Eighty-six community leaders and community members from rural, regional, and disadvantaged areas of the state responded to a survey, which included indicating the level and type of involvement they and their organisations had with local schools. The evidence from their comments suggests that community, business, and social leaders can play an important role in building social capital and as advocates for their local schools, as well as being a source of information, advice, and service to schools. In particular, this paper provides a foundation for future research with community members on their involvement in schooling and the impact of this involvement on students' social capital.
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Hatherly, Kristy, Lorraine Smith, Jane Overland, Christine Johnston, and Lin Brown-Singh. "Application of Australian clinical management guidelines: The current state of play in a sample of young people living with Type 1 diabetes in the state of New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory." Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 93, no. 3 (September 2011): 379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2011.04.017.
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Cain, Melissa. "Musics of ‘The Other’: Creating musical identities and overcoming cultural boundaries in Australian music education." British Journal of Music Education 32, no. 1 (February 23, 2015): 71–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265051714000394.
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The binary opposition between ‘own music’ and ‘other's music’ is the ‘result of deep conditioning’ (Drummond, 2010, p. 118) and is almost impossible to overcome.By exploring the underlying constructs that influence students’ and teachers’ perceptions of minority cultures and their musics, this paper explores the notion of ‘the other’ in Australian music education. In particular, how the many factors which play a role in cultural identity serve to both promote and prevent musical understanding and appreciation. An examination of Australian multicultural policy and music curriculum documents in the state of Queensland provides a foundation for the discussion of data obtained from interviews with teachers from state and private primary schools in the capital Brisbane. The results reveal that while music educators are generally inquisitive about incorporating musics of ‘other’ cultures into their lessons, they are less comfortable with crossing cultural boundaries, and do not wish to threaten the position of Australia's own musical culture – ultimately highlighting a disconnect between policy, rhetoric and practice in the area of culturally diverse music education in classrooms today.
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Mikhaylova, Nataliya, and Inna Litvinenko. "Innovative Technologies of Human Capital Development of Children with Disabilities." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika, no. 3 (November 2021): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2021.3.7.
Full textAbstract:
Building up human capital is the main element of the Russian regions’ strategic development, since it is a necessary basis for economic growth. Achieving high economic performance without state influence on human capital at the present stage is not possible. The article is devoted to the problem of human capital development in the context of demographic crisis in Russia, the peculiarities of migration and the high level of disabled people among employable population. Theoretical and methodological foundations of human capital formation are analyzed in the context of the need to increase the innovativeness of the Russian economy. The authors identified innovative approaches to the formation of human capital of children with disabilities in the process of obtaining education and achieving acmeological growth. The basis of the policy of increasing human capital should be an updated and objectively formed strategy for the socio-economic development of the territory. The main element of the new strategy should be measures aimed at economic growth, increasing the productivity of economic entities in the region, increasing budget profitability, and increasing the financial security of socially disadvantaged categories of citizens. The development of education, healthcare and social services should be additional elements of the region’s policy of increasing human capital.