Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Écrivains noirs américains dans la littérature'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 32 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Écrivains noirs américains dans la littérature.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Kekeh-Dika, Andrée-Anne. "Lieux et stratégies de résistance dans les discours romanesques de Gayl Jones, Paule Marshall, Toni Morrison, Alice Walker et Sherley Anne Williams." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070067.
Full textMartin, Florence. "La chanteuse de blues et le roman féminin noir américain contemporain." Paris 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA030109.
Full textClassic blues recordings transcribe the expression of an oral tradition with the means of a written one. This tradition shows a continuity in form: from the african tribal epics or narratives to the work-songs, religious hymns or entertainment songs on american plantations, its songs have always been performed according to a precise musical structure and specific harmonic and rhythmic patterns allowing the soloist to improvise and the audience to participate in the performance. The artist of the twenties, promoted black show-business star, would use the traditionnal oratory devices of her group in her songs (e. G. Reiteration and double-entendre) and deliver a coded message only the initiated could understand. The development of mass culture killed the classic blues; its contents and language were too intimate, too specific for the multi-ethnic audience of the united states. The classic blues singer was no longer heard at the beginning of the thirties. Yet neither the ancestral tradition of black american women's oral transmission, nor the process of encoding -- inherent to the composition and performance of every song -- disappeared. Today, the black american woman novelist draws her inspiration from the classic blues singer and becomes in turn, the present-day incarnation of the spokeswoman or singing woman of her community. The stars of the twenties are revived in her works of fiction while she writes according to a system of codes, giving the access keys only to her attentive readers
Kefi, Meriem. "Les Femmes dans la Résistance : Une étude de trois écrivaines de l'Harlem Renaissance : Nella Larsen, Jessie Redmon Fauset et Zora Neale Hurston." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASV002.
Full textArt and literature have often been used as means of resistance in the fight for Civil Rights as well as social equality in the United States. In a context of racial and gender discrimination, African-American artists have combined creativity with activism as they have fought for their talent and humanity to be recognized. In the 1920s, the Harlem Renaissance came as a turning point in black cultural history. Also called “The New Negro Movement,” this rebirth of Black-American culture aimed to subvert the derogatory image ascribed to African-Americans and to construct a new racial identity. The Harlem Renaissance indeed gave space and a voice to African-Americans, especially to African-American women, allowing them to resist a white male-dominated world through the production of an unprecedented number of artistic works.This thesis focuses on three African-American women writers of the Harlem Renaissance: Nella Larsen (1891-1964), Jessie Redmon Fauset (1882-1961) and Zora Neale Hurston (1891-1960) who, though well-known in the United States, have met with limited recognition in France. Although they shared the same purpose, their strategies are different. While in their best works Larsen and Fauset opted for narratives of passing, Hurston chose to situate her stories in a black world, ignoring the very existence of Whites. This thesis aims at exploring the generic, narrative and stylistic characteristics of their production while delineating their specificity
Monbeig, Fanny. "Représentation et performance de genre et de « race » dans la littérature féminine noire (africaine-américaine, caribéenne, française)." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BOR30038.
Full textSlavery is the chronotope of "Tituba" by M. Condé and "Beloved" by T. Morrison. Slavery is a paradigmatic heritage in other novels by these authors, as well as in Alice Walker's and Gisèle Pineau's art ; it determines the contemporary racial relationships. The splitting up of the slave's body calls to mind the pattern of sewing, narrative weaving, re-membering of the social body, and reinventing a traditionally feminine work. The highlighting of performative power of the master's words reminds us the historicity and the politic aspect of the invention of racism in the plantation system. The example of women's beauty and its racialization illustrates the complicated co-construction of gender and race. The writing of past history of slavery points out and explains the present time, but it requires a painful fight against various processes of individual and collective repression. "Beloved" and "The Color Purple" remind us of the importance of rememory, while "Paradise", "Morne Câpresse" and "Heremakhonon" tell about memory in excess. The criticism of historian claim for objectivity belongs to a global questioning of science on the one hand, and of the heritage of Enlightenment on the other. The ambivalences of postmemory confront the contemporary sacralization of memorial and testimonial literature. Postcolonial haunting is seen in a nex light, quite ironic. The analysis of dialectic motherhood in "Beloved", "Tituba" or "Rosie Carpe" allows us to conceptualise the link between national storytelling, racialization of motherhood and political control of women's bodies. Reading and analysing the novels with the concept of intersectionality shows a global deconstruction of womanhood, freed from the stress of reproductive sexuality. At the crossroad of women's power to give birth and death, the midwife is a recurring character. The midwife is often accused of being a witch, and she belongs to a feminine mythology that can turn the stigma around. The witch is born from rivalry in both religious and medical fields. In Toni Morrison's, Maryse Condé's or Marie Ndiaye's novels, the witch is an intercultural invention ; her parodic and performative strength undermines literary categories. Born from the trauma of slavery, the novels outline the pattern of concrete utopias. The totalitarian and separatist aspect of these utopias appears in the grinning face of the contemporary eschatological hope: the sect. Therefore any hope of a better future seems to be ridiculous ; when the return to a primary space, turning back in time, is dying in the impossible way back to Africa. The "Négritude" of Aimé Césaire is dismissed, and so are the hopes of "Créolité", by a literature that rejects post-racial utopia. There is not any idealization of movement in these novels, which tell contemporary migrations and pains of exile condition. Although the narrative strategies are different, they all intend to expose and overcome the color line
Garriga-Martini, Lucienne. "Identité pieds-noirs et expression littéraire : écritures et écrivains après 1962." Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX10034.
Full textIt was the events in algeria that really gave meaning and substance to the concept of the "pieds-noirs" identity which had until then been vague in the mentality of the french people of algeria. What pieds-noirs have written since 1962 can be interpreted as the search for a memory and the postulation of an identity by a social group deprived of the conditions normally required for it to blossom. Along a route tranforming a paintfull revolt into nostalgia and then apeasement. Childhood autobiographies. Narratives more about "us" than "me", also recreate the country, its, values, its manner of being and its central figures. Writings of the return provide a means of transcending pain, by drawing ressources from the native land. Ancestral novels re-anchor the memory in a reconposed past, with an air of an epic. These writers, who are not professional men of letters, are firstly spokesmen fot the group, then memory bearers. The itinerary of the writing of m. Elbe illustrates the development and contents of this literature. A work of f. Dessaigne plays the part of a counterproof and le premier homme by a. Camus that of verification
Sayni, Kouamé. "L'identité afro-américaine et le rapport avec l'Afrique dans la fiction, de James Baldwin à Toni Morrison." Tours, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUR2012.
Full textWhat conditions are at the basis of the changes in African American fiction from the fifties to the late seventies affecting the portraiture of the black hero through the various narrative discourses ? What impacts did these conditions have on the quest of Black idendity ? In other words, does the passage from the "protest novel" to the "novel of memory" modify contemporary African American literary militantism [. . . . ]
Paquet-Deyris, Anne-Marie. "Esclavage et féminité dans l'oeuvre de Toni Morrisson : sources des mythes afro-américains." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040177.
Full textToni Morrison addresses in her five novels the problems of Afro-American women in a family or communal environment, thus breaking a ling literary silence. For the Afro-American woman, "slavery" has now taken on a mostly cultural and social meaning. Faced with a limited amount of personal freedom, she has to fight her way toward self-definition and worth. This often means breaking up with the community and embarking on a quest of her own or guiding the novel's hero, often a male. Throughout the narrative, Toni Morrison makes constant references to mythic structure and motifs, mainly to reshape them for her own uses. Her female characters often are magicians whose word is a sacred and powerful one. It reunites the hero with his long-lost tradition, roots and name. The author's message extends to contemporary society where mother-centered families are now becoming the rule. As both a woman and the head of the family, the Afro-American woman is able to redefine a new family. As a figure of "the parent", she offers the possibility of alternative lifestyles in modern society which allow the individual to function in a more wholesome way within the group (family or other)
Mejía, José. "Polyphonie du discours fictionnel : les mirages de la voix et du temps étudiés chez quelques écrivains ibéro-américains." Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0330.
Full textRather than narrating a fantastic experience in the world of the characters, the examples of our corpus provide us with an experience which is fantastic only in the reading itself. These exceptional cases amount to a true fantastic enunciatioin. They are examined within the context of the polyphonic theory of enunciation of o. Ducrot. Our own investigations have induced us to revise the status of the narrator. We do not conceive of him as an omnipresent and single origin, different from the author in view of the fictitious nature of what is related. We do not conceive of him either as non-existent --a non-existence explained as an utterance without a speaker. Within our theoretical context, getting an imaginary "i" to speak or getting "nobody" to speak invariably leads to setting up enunciators. Therefore, our narrator is multiple. This "narrating crowd" can only be dealt with by a linguistic approach. It allows for subtle observation which brings out all the specificity and richness of the textual objects
Alla, Koffi Jean. "Les représentations de la société traditionnelle de l'Afrique Noire : du roman colonial au roman contemporain africain." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082195.
Full textChavanelle, Sylvie. "Mémoire individuelle et collective dans les romans de Gayl Jones, Paule Marshall, Toni Morrison, Gloria Naylor et Alice Walker." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070054.
Full textHow individual and collective memory are intertwined. Names contain history, the history of an individual, an family, or a community. Female characters and the elders are the guardians of african-american memory, a memory that includes historical reality, myths and legdns, music, songs and dances, public and private rituals. The language reflcts an ethnic identity and cultural values. The places chosen by the novelists have a symbolic value. The narrative "refigures" time, highlighting various temporal schemes : chronological, "experienced", mythical, sacred, cyclical. The afro-american imagination is at work in the novels by jones, marshall, morrison, naylor and walker
Croisille, Valérie. "Identité, communauté et langage dans l'oeuvre d'Ernest J. Gaines." Bordeaux 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR30042.
Full textThis thesis tackles the work of Ernest J. Gaines, a contemporary African-American writer from Louisiana, by exploring three main notions, identity, community and languages, and by showing that his fiction opens a space where a community of language, stories and history can take shape, and where identity is built in an interactive and performative way, in constant contact with the other, be he Black, Mulatto or White. It shows that anamnesis enables Blacks to become aware of the necessity to resist and to reappropriate their (h)istory - a lively history feeding on individual memory. Gaines' work not only pays a vibrant tribute to the word, but also opens a dialogic and polyphonic space : Ernest J. Gaines is thus above all a story teller, who pays allegiance to the oral tradition by letting voices arise from his writing
Tiaya, Tiofack Prospere. "L'écriture musicale dans les oeuvres de Toni Morrison et de Léonora Miano." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0245.
Full textThis thesis is based on the general assumption that Toni Morrison and Léonora Mian take as a starting point the Afro-American music in their work of writing, with particular methods and for quite precise objectives. If this field of the literary transposition of the Afro-American music has already caused a certain number of researches, it however has not yet been the object of a study of synthesis such as we consider it. By adopting the methodological approach of semiotics and comparative literature, the analysis is interested in the treatment of the musical loans by the two novelists, and in the convergences and the divergences which appear when the various contexts are taken into consideration. Divided into four parts, the analysis describe first the Afro-American literary tradition in whom the authors fit, before explaining the way in which the musical reference is mobilized in the development of the fiction, then in the treatment of the narrative voice and the narrative structure, and finally in the treatment of the language and the style of writing. This reveals that the literary transposition of the Afro-American music, particularly blues and jazz, involves a systematic renewal of the aesthetic of the novel, on the levels of the formal and generic categories, the symbolic dimension, the ideological aimings. The theme of identity, the deconstruction, the orality and the hybridity become the principal paradigms of a writing which becomes an act of resistance and subversion in response to oppression
Krief, Steve. "L'humour et la représentation dans l'oeuvre de Lenny Bruce." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070068.
Full textCan we laugh about everything? Lenny Bruce (1925-1966) is the first comedian to talk on stage about religion, drugs, racism and sex. The first one also to be taken to court for his words. Bruce, Bedos and Desproges, answer wit a vertical nod, always remembering their red nose, attempting to elevate the public to the stage and refusing to pat their instincts. Bruce serves in the US Navy during World War II and sees bodies floating near the ship and soldiers more often suffering from the clap than bullet wounds. He's part of the generation of the Beats and the social commentators who don't grasp the limits imposed on morals and their expressions. Especially, when his black bunkmates can't even use toilets in some parts of the South. Once the war is over, Bruce shares on stage representations devoid of a fake sense of decency, inspired like Kerouac and Ginsberg by the Bird's jazz rhythm and the flavours of Yiddish. His analysis of societal hypocrisy is attacked by the political and media top players. The hopes foreshadowed by Kennedy's election are shattered by the conservative lecture of the First Amendment and the President's assassination. From 1961 to 1966, Bruce is more often invited in court than on stage. Prohibited to express himself freely in front of the jury, Bruce summons the tribunal on stage and starts a tremendous dialectic with the judiciary apparatus. A tragic meiotic, where Bruce's body ends up being offered by the police to the press for a last representation, a syringe in the arm, reintroduced for the picture's sake
Sylvanise, Frédéric. "L'idéologie des formes dans le parcours poétique de Langston Hughes." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100133.
Full textThe African-American poet Langston Hughes (1902-1967) has produced a considerable poetic oeuvre. Taking part in the aesthetic moment of the Harlem Renaissance, he stands out by defending the African-American folklore against the upholders of a British tradition of making verse. In his first works, he draws his inspiration from the rhythms of blues and jazz music to compose his poems which make him the mouthpiece of the Black people. The anti-authority ideology of his work is inscribed in his formal choices as much as in the content of the poems which was barely disturbing at the time. Contrary to what he did in the 1920s, he uses the poetic form as a means of Bolshevik propaganda in the 1930s and 1940s. Finally, in his last works, published between 1951 and 1961, he revives the musical experimentations of the 1920s, but in a more complex manner, inherited from Modernist techniques. The influence of Hughes's formal research on other poets is undeniable, especially in the musical field
Diarra, Amara. "Le nationalisme noir aux etats-unis et l'image de l'afrique dans la litterature afro-americaine contemporaine." Paris 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA030079.
Full textWe have been trying to show in this dissertation that africa has never ceased to have a major role to play in the history of blacks in the united states, as a cultural component which guarantees their specific identity in the first place, and in the second place, as a reference of nationality that they claim as openly as the refusal of their integration in the american mainstream is implacable. Their claim of membership of an african world has gone through the times, from the initial attempts to emigrate to africa to the recent and more realistic pan-africanist trend. But their endeavour to break away from the traditional integrationist feelings seems to have been painful and the identification with africa is often coupled with ambivalence as in the case of the novelists who very often remain dependant on the traditional euro-american cliches of the primitive african. This being one of the reasons why their image of africa seems less precise than the one presented in the poetry. Indeed, the black poets have developed a more coherent image of africa which evolves as follow: they have reasserted the value of the past of their african ancestors, glorified the beauty of blackness, before they can claim an african identity, as they feel and present the problems of nowadays africa as their own. This celebration of an african personality by the afro-american writers, though it may reveal some romanticism, cannot be disregarded as a temporary extravaganza, for its echo reaching as far as the african continent itself, has helped to re-establish the links of kinship which had been broken for a long time, leading the afro-americans through a major turning point in their long and painful search of an identity
Zaaraoui, Karima. "Tours et détours du genre : les avatars de l'écriture féminine africaine américaine autour de Harriet Jacobs, Harriet Wilson et Hannah Crafts." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA030003.
Full textThe comparative study of Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (Harriet Jacobs), Our Nig ; Sketches from the Life of a Free Black (Harriet Wilson), and The Bondwoman’s Narrative (Hannah Crafts) aims at opening up new perspectives on the specificity of the female subject, through the slave narrative’s autobiographical writing. If these women writers stand as privileged witnesses of the female condition in Antebellum America, they do not remain passive nonetheless. The aim of this dissertation is to approach the links between « writing » and « feminine », by taking into account the text itself, be it autobiographical or fictionalized. Significantly enough, self-consciousness, identity and the construction of a self through writing are definitely major components of the African American literary tradition in which outstanding voices are singled out. The slave narrative tends to drift away from autobiography in order to afford its survival and conforms to the conventions that proved successful, thus revealing the truth of the subject. In this perspective, gender is the key issue of this study which brings an exclusive insight on black women’s writing. Discursive difference, writing the female body, and a staged conflicted subject are the core themes of this work. As a follower of Dickens and Byron, Hannah Crafts creates a unique blend of genres, while Harriet Wilson’s modus operandi is to rewrite Emerson’s reflections on society, and Harriet Jacobs offers a subversion of the sentimental novel. By all means, these female slave narratives’ « tour de force » lies in the aesthetics and poetics of the genre located at the crossroads of autobiography, sentimental fiction, the gothic and the picaresque. The subject determines its own sexuation, which enables the female subject to break free from the male subject. This dissertation also offers the opportunity to raise the question of history and literature. The slave narrative falls within the frame of literature as the writer’s political stance is an invitation to reconsider avant-garde women’s literary production within the African American literary canon
Sy-Wonyu, Aïssatou. "L'image de l'Afrique chez les romancières noires américaines contemporaines." Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030191.
Full textAfrica is a constant feature of african-american literature. Contemporary african-american female novelists deal with the theme of africa in an original manner, both as a literary theme and as a functional element of their personal world construct. Through a selection of novels by barbara chaseriboud, paule marshall, toni morrison and alice walker, the following questions will be answered : what is the referential value of the representation of africa ? do contemporary female novelists passively imitate the representations stylized by their predecessors and a long tradition of ambivalent attitudes to africa ? is their literary craft a mere play on intertextuality and distanciation ? or must their representation of africa be considered as a tentative (re)definition of the african-americans' bond with africa and a an attempt to define new ways of being part of the diaspora ? in order to answer these questions, two rhetorical categories have been chosen as figurations of the bond with africa : the metonymy and the metaphor. The relationship between the african-americans and africa is metonymic in so far as black america is an extension of the motherland. That relationship is also metaphoric because it has to be explained and validated for contemporary uses. Consequently, contemporary female novelists have managed to cast a more critical view on africa, while, paradoxically harbouring the same cliches and stereotypes as their predecessors. But they also produce a general discourse on blacks and redefine their position in world history
Le, Fustec Claude. "Crise et regeneration : la quête d'unite dans la fiction de Toni Cade Bambara et Toni Morrison." Toulouse 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU20002.
Full textTorn from their motherland and rejected by those who caused their exile, afro-americans live in a place where they have no recognised identity. Hence, for them, existing will mean bridging the gap between their african and american identities. Since the 1970s, this is precisely what afro-american women writers have been aiming at doing. Toni cade bambara and toni morrison, particularly, have tried to go beyond the imperialist-derived secularism of western culture that fragments reality and caused afro-americans, in du bois' terms, to experience "double-consciousness, this sense of always looking at one's self through the eyes of others". The crisis undergone by the afro-american psyche is thus studied in the etymological sense of the word, i. E. "separation", as reflected by bambara's and morrison's fiction. As a matter of fact, both writers have tried to substitute a regenerating sense of unity for the destructive dualism imposed by the ruling part of the american society. In their progression from a state of existential and stylistic crisis to a unified whole, their fictional writings demonstrate an equal urge to go beyond words in an attempt to grasp the essence of life, far beyond the limited and fragmenting vision conveyed by any ideology
Casamayor, Cisneros Odette. "Lectures de Cuba : entre récit et réalité : études sur les rapports entre le récit cubain contemporain et la réalité sociale." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHESA111.
Full textThis study seeks to interrogate Cuban narrators in regards to their social reality. Here the literary text becomes a labyrinth to seek answers, a place in which a given social context is expressed. And the Cuban authors ? Those that reform the world, express their place in society as a result of their own Cuban experience. They may have been born, lived, or have written in Cuba. They may make claim to or dream of the Island in exile. Yet none of these circumstances define the identification to a nation. A. Carpentier, J. Lezama Lima, V. Piñera, S. Sarduy, R. Arenas, G. Cabrera Infante, L. Cabrera, J. Diaz, L. Padura, S. Paz, A. Estévez, P. -J. Gutiérrez, Z. Valdés, E. -L. Portela, and so many more. A wealth of authors not extensively studied. They seem to appear only when their prose offers a particular entryway to on a given topic: power, homosexuality, race, the condition of women, the aforementioned national identity. Because an analysis of Cuban society today is particularly focused on these very particular conditions, who exercise an important influence on one’s perception of contemporary Cuban reality. An analysis of this vision of the world and its interpretation within the works of Cuban narrators is central to our investigation. By studying these visions of the world one can begin to explain the different perceptions these authors have of their own humanity. It is, nonetheless, in society that the conflicts of being are manifested in concrete form. Becoming a part of their comprehensive description of the vision of the world, the social experiences that derive from homosexuality, nationality, feminism, race or power relations, we can then better explain the different interpretations that each author develops in regards to these conditions. What then might this set of interpretations of Cuban reality mean to the reader ? No doubt they offer some path in understanding one’s own interpretation of Cuban reality
Casmier, Stephen J. "L'esthétique du jazz dans l'oeuvre de John Edgar Wideman." Nice, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NICE2012.
Full textCottenet, Cécile. "Histoires éditoriales : the conjure Woman de Charles W. CHesnutt (1899) et Cane de Jean Tooner (1923)." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10022.
Full textRosca, Florentina Cornelia. "Espace et temps dans Lucy de Jamaica Kincaid, The chosen Place, The Timeless People de Paule Marshall et Mama Day de Gloria Naylor." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS004S.
Full textThis doctoral dissertation explores the fictional geographies in the novels of three contemporary African American writers: Jamaica Kincaid, Paule Marshall and Gloria Naylor. This interdisciplinary study focuses on the fictional representations of space, place and time and their interrelations. I start from the premise that the three texts share the diasporic and rhizomatic map of the Black Atlantic. On this map, the protagonists’ roots and routes are inscribed through three narrative settings: the native island—as central trope, a cluster of intermediary sites and the (peripheral) city of exile. Each setting is a complex ontological geography upon which time, movement, exile, and memory are articulated and re-articulated in a palimpsest-like manner. I examine the dichotomic relationship between home-island and city of exile, as well as the tensions between their associated temporalities: cyclical versus linear perceptions of time. The island emerges from our study as the fundamental locale in the characters’ peregrinations. Ultimately, reasserting space means re-mapping the past
Caruana, Valérie. "La question de la représentation dans l'oeuvre de Ralph Waldo Ellison." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030137.
Full textThis study consists in analysis of the question of the representation in the work of Afro-american author Ralph Ellison, through his two novels published in almost a half century of interval, his short stories, and his numerous essays, articles, correspondences, and interviews. In his work, Ralph Ellison aims at revealing and showing o form of unity beyond the apparent diversity, beyond the visible and the invisible borders, and beyond the symbolic analogy between the pictorial concept of collage and the American identity scheme. Moreover, Ellison underlines that the reception of his works constitutes a parallel work with that of creation, making these two stages of writing and reading immutable and necessary to the life of creation itself. Representation invites the reader to a process of reconstruction (as opposed to debunking). The study analyzes the theories and the mechanisms of the representation from an historical point of view, and then such as the author exploits them in his writing, but also the limits of which mimesis can be the object. Representation also conveys didactic motivations: it aims at blending the Afro-Americans and Westerners artistic heritages (reason for the rejection of Ralph Ellison by other Afro-Americans authors). Representation is also a vector of historicity through the expression of the Afro-American experience , the dilemma of non-representation, the complex questions of collective memory and denial, the integration of the Afro-American cultural heritage into American history. Meanwhile, representation creates an aesthetic model by creating and launching a space of neutrality, promising a formidable metaphorical creative drive, together with the participation of the musical dimension in the narrative scheme. Representation constitutes for Ralph Ellison a tool in his mimetic strategy and this tool fulfils a function of analysis and criticism of the dilemma of hybridity
Zarate, Ramirez Julio Cesar. "Représentations et dynamiques de l'espace, du voyage et de l'ironie dans trois romans de Roberto Bolaño, Guillermo Fadanelli et Juan Villoro." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON30027/document.
Full textThis dissertation claims to assemble a dialog between the representations of Space, Travel and Irony in the work of three contemporary Latin American writers; two of them, Mexicans: Juan Villoro (1956) and Guillermo Fadanelli (1963); the third one, the Chilean Roberto Bolaño (1953-2003). A benchmark is taken of three novels by these writers: Roberto Bolaño's Los detectives salvajes (1998); Guillermo Fadanelli's Lodo (2002) and Juan Villoro's El testigo (2004); however, the ensemble of their work is referred to in general. This work analyzes the different spatial levels where the literary text can be developed. The space known as “México” and the points of contact established in these novels, open to a multiplicity of spaces that are essential to the deployment of words. In addition to the referential space, other spaces are explored, the body of the characters, the memory, the dreams and the intertextual space that's constructed by the understanding of characters as well as the reading of the authors of these novels. With concern to travel, the interest revolves around the way the voyage is developed in each novel and the multiple features and types of journey that can be practiced in literature, from urban flânerie to exile in the desert. Regarding irony, the interest is to explore its various forms in these texts, which distinguish the writing and the style of these authors. A great diversity of manifestations of irony is analyzed, from parody to sarcasm, from discursive treatment to a particular ethical vision which sometimes ends in silence
Police, Gérard. "Abdias do Nascimento : l'Afro-Brésilien reconstruit : 1914 à 1944." Rennes 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN20044.
Full textThe study of Abdias do Nascimento's biography leads to this : the man's political fight for the Afro-Brazilian cause emerges from his personal quest for social advancement, from his self reconstruction and his egotistical need for theatricality. The period studied -1914-1944- is marked by a phase during which Abdias do Nascimento methodically rewrites those thiry years of his life in order to make his aspirations legitimate. From 1944 onwards, with the Teatro Experimental do Negro he therefore organizes his life along some well-defined principles. The first section of this work focuses on how that life started and deals with the materials on which it is based. The second section provides clues to understanding the Brazil chronological biography of Abdias do Nascimento, the only reference of that kind to date. The third section, the most important, analyses Abdias do Nascimento's life up to 1944. It pays a particular attention to Nascimento's gradual reorganization of details from his past until they became consubstantial with his own identity as a predestined militant. This section ends with an attempt to synthetically answer the seminal question of this dissertation within the research, comprises a bulky bibliography. It is an unprecedented compilation of facts and figures about Abdias do Nascimento. The large portion allotted to the illustrations is justified by the importance of the image in this entreprise. The second volume, the appendix, is largely made up of with Abdias do Nascimento's unpublished texts, on which this research was conducted
Perdu, Vanessa. "Ecrire dans les marges : (r)évolutions de la nouvelle centraméricaine contemporaine (1970-2000)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0146.
Full textIf Central American literature seems to be emerging from the ghetto it has been confined to until recently, its writers don’t equally benefit from this improvement of the isthmus’ cultural practices’ visibility. Starting from the study of the short-story or cuento, a literary genre widely developed in Central America, our research seeks to identify the multiple intra and extratextual processes which allow discerning a coherent whole inside different productions from marginalized writers, a whole that could be identified as a writing of the margins. Through a regional and transnational approach, we analyse the historical marginalization of indigenous and afro-descendant populations as well a women, before gazing at the transfer of this marginalization from reality to fiction in the literary texts. Afterwards, we take an interest in the evolution of the literary representations of these marginalized groups, allowed by the (r)evolutions of the Central American societies, relying on the confrontation between a pre-corpus of short-stories that recount the representations of the alterity from the outside, and a corpus made of eight collections of short-stories by writers coming from these marginalized groups. Finally, we observe through these collections by the Panamanian Moravia Ochoa, the Afro-Costa-Rican Quince Duncan, the Guatemalan Kaqchikel Luis de Lión, the Belizean Garifuna Zoila Ellis, the Salvadoran Jacinta Escudos, the Nicaraguan Marisela Quintana, the Honduran Lety Elvir, and the Guatemalan K’iche’ Humberto Ak’abal, how this coherent whole of writings of the margins causes a destabilization of the literary canon by trembling or even inverting its hegemonic values
Ledru, Juliette. "Dialectique de l'américanité et de l'ethnicité dans les représentations littéraires des personnages féminins : l'assimilation à l'épreuve de la fiction sino-américaine féminine (1965-2010)." Thesis, Le Havre, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEHA0025/document.
Full textBetween the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 21st, Chinese American minorities experienced the evolution of their social status from unassimilable aliens to model minorities. At the intersection of political, economic, cultural and social stakes, the Chinese and Chinese Americans were subjected to discriminatory measures such as the Chinese exclusion act (1882) and orientalist cultural representations (the yellow peril) which defended an exclusionary definition of assimilation, based on the refusal to integrate racial minorities in the definition of what it meant to be “American.” When the social movements of the 1960s allowed social, sexual and ethnic minorities to have their voices heard, the American mainstream society turned Chinese Americans into the embodiment of the American success story of integration and of the inclusiveness of American assimilation. This Ph.D. dissertation will explore the evolution and the tensions at the core of the assimilation process in the United States through the prism of the Chinese experience, and more specifically that of second generation female characters in works of fiction by Chinese American female authors (published between 1965 and 2010). We will focus on the way in which assimilation and Americanness are represented, contested and redefined in a syllabus of forty-one works of fiction
Vettorato, Cyril. "Poésie moderne et oralité dans les « Amériques noires » : une étude comparée (Etats-Unis, Brésil, Cuba et Caraïbe anglophone)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040196.
Full textFrom the early Twentieth Century on, a written poetry has been carrying in the entire Americas the voice of people of African descent; this phenomenon is distinctively modern, as far as such a voice had until then been unconceivable within a literary field conceived in terms that were hardly compatible with the very idea of a perspective proper to one particular social or ethnic group. From the “Harlem Renaissance” of the 1920s to the Cuban “negrismo”, from the Brazilian “Teatro Experimental do Negro” to the “Black Arts Movement” or the “Caribbean Artists Movement”, there have been numerous manifestations of this quest of a Black poetic voice. The poets’ appropriation of oral practices, in particular, played a dynamic role in the appearance of this transnational poetic community of discourse.. The aim of this work is to question the methodological benefits of comparative literature in the clarification of what is at stake literarily speaking in this modern poetry of the “Black Americas”
Blec, Yannick. "Le Blafringo-Arumerican dans l’œuvre de William Melvin Kelley : l’afro-américanité entre concept et expérience vécue." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0009.
Full textBlackness is one of the keywords of the African American literature of the 1960s. It is to be read in each and every word that an Afro-American writer would put down on the paper. As a Black Arts Movement writer, William Melvin Kelley sets blackness forth in his works so that the black population can better struggle against segregation and other forms of racism. Yet, he does not only conceptualize the African American person by writing him or her up, but above all, he depicts them. For Kelley, the role of the author is primarily to show people, not disguised ideas resulting from some other black ideology. It is this pattern – the passage from a real world to a fictitious one, as well as to an ideological representation – that I will study in my dissertation. However, I am first going to note down the transformation in Kelley’s conduct toward race relations as he goes from the narrator to the activist. This change is to be seen in the difference that exists in the verve between his first novel and the last that was published. This renovation will also be linked to the recent direction taken by Kelley in his more recent writings. Phenomenology, Black existentialism, sociology and of course literature will be the bases for this dissertation. The analysis will insist on black existence as seen by William Melvin Kelley. The writer does not only act as a representative of black people, but as one who must help the “Africamerican understand the American society in order to improve his or her social and cultural position.”
Barroso-Fontanel, Marlène. "Toni Morrison et l'écriture de l'indicible : minorations, fragmentations et lignes de fuite." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAL003.
Full textToni Morrison’s writing aims at giving their voices back to those who were deprived of words. As a committed writer, Toni Morrison wants to highlight the central role of the black minority in the History of the United States. She then offers a new version of History as she rewrites it through her historical trilogy comprising her novels Beloved, Jazz and Paradise, to which can be added her second novel, Sula, where the seeds of the rewriting of History can already be found. Through the analysis of these four novels, the objective of this doctoral thesis is to excavate the genealogy of the unspeakable in Toni Morrison’s work, and to analyze the dynamic relationship between minoration and writing for an author who’s « insisted – insisted ! – upon being called a black woman novelist. » Women play a central part in the four novels we are studying because, to the racial minoration that already marginalizes African-Americans in the American society must be added for black women the sexual minoration which turns them into a mere body-object. But this double minoration, and the fragmentation it leads to, become in Toni Morrison’s work “lines of flight”, according to Gilles Deleuze’s terminology, which (de-)construct her writing. Minoration is therefore no longer to be understood as subtraction but as creation. Thus, Toni Morrison draws in her texts the lines of flight of creation which leak out of the page towards the outside of language where one can hear the desire for resistance and survival of the minor
Tchamitchian, Raphaëlle. "Dramaturgie / jazz. Le théâtre de Suzan-Lori Parks ˸ poétique et expérience créatrice." Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030038.
Full textThis dissertation in Theatre Studies aims to theorize the tension between “drama / jazz” through the works of African American playwright Suzan-Lori Parks. Born in 1963, Suzan- Lori Parks is as famous in the United States as she is little known in France. Informed by the memory of slavery and the African slave trade, her theatre dis(re)members History to reverse the dominant discourse, make a new story and provide reparation to the living and the dead. By approaching her writing through jazz, we take into account the “double consciousness” that is constitutive of her poetics, and the anthropological, historical and political issues it raises. In her theatre, jazz is not only a form of music, but also a way of looking at the world, a cluster of poetic conduits and an organic presence that sets the writing in motion from within. From this paradoxical presence/absence what emerges is not a model but instead a group of converging lines of flight. Liquidity and fugitivity appear to be key jazz-shaped elements of a poetics of mutability. This poetics is linked to the creative experience of the playwright, which in turn gives birth to a creative experience for the spectator during performance. In short, the task is to understand the ways jazz affects theatre to the point of producing a new kind of theatre
Bassong-DesRochers, Lova. "La Négritude dans la littérature afro-caribéenne contemporaine: mort ou transformation?" Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/6122.
Full textGraduate
lova89@hotmail.com