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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ecotourist'
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1
Cheung, Ting-on, and 張定安. "Understanding ecotourist perception of ecotourism services and development in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45554985.
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Horsten, Maria Johanna. "Ecotourists as activists : The conceptualisation of ecotourist’s practices and the role of communication." Thesis, Jönköping University, HLK, Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-53802.
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As concern regarding the environmental impact of the regular tourism industry grows, tourists are increasingly seen carrying out activism actions and rallying others to create changes in the industry. A segment of the tourism industry that meets the demand is ecotourism, a more sustainable form of travelling that is seen as environmentalism in and of itself. Despite growing demand and communication efforts, ecotourism bookings remain low. Activism from ecotourists should be able to turn this around, but very little research has been done on this. Interviews show that ecotourists see ecotourism as activism, perform activism actions, but have difficulty with self-identifying as activists. The reasons for this are a negative connotation with activism or an unachievable high set bar. Despite self-identifying as an ecotourist, ecotourists’ ecotourism knowledge is low. According to them, communication regarding ecotourism is too limited and not disseminated sufficiently enough. This makes it difficult for ecotourists to be informed about ecotourism while other topics such as sustainability and activism do not even require an active attitude to be informed. Ecotourists get their information on sustainability, ecotourism and environmentalism mainly from online, news and audio-visual sources.
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Mertus, Benjamin P. "The Potential for Culturally–Embedded Environmental Preservation through Ecotourist Interfaces in Manawan, Quebec." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587735584000156.
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Chung, Ching Kan. "Mass-ecotourism and ecotourism certification in Hong Kong." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2009. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1081.
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IACOBUCCI, DOMINIC. "ECOTOURISM ARCHITECTURE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1148325697.
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Pang, Ming-tung Anthony. "Can ecotourism be sustained in Hong Kong? /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39602308.
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Brunet, Sandra Phoebe. "Commodifying "authenticity" : narrating ecotourism /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18244.pdf.
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Mat, Som Ahmad Puad. "Community involvement in ecotourism." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2005. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21565.
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Ecotourism is an amalgam of interests arising out of environmental, economic and social concerns. Over the last twenty years, it has assumed a global presence and has been acknowledged as a potential tool to improve sustainability by modifying human social behaviour in regard to environmental conservation. In other words, ecotourism incorporates a strong commitment to nature and a sense of social responsibility. There are examples of successful ecotourism ventures, which are making a real and significant contribution to conservation of the natural resources as well as the development of impoverished communities. Active involvement of communities in the planning process and in operations management is vital in order to achieve the development and conservation goals of ecotourism. However, these activities are extremely rare because they have generally been peripheral to tourism planning and management especially in developing countries. In light of the research needs in the above context, this research, which is exploratory in nature, attempts to examine the contribution of ecotourism to local community's livelihoods in rural areas in Malaysia by exploring local opportunities and limitations in the industry as well as evaluating the current practice and the potential for community participation in the planning process. In general, the study found that the level of local involvement in ecotourism in Malaysia is low because there are operational, structural and cultural limitations to community participation in tourism development process. The study also found that active local participation in planning is compounded by the technocratic planning system and highly centralised government structure. Therefore, this study suggests that the realisation of community ecotourism in Malaysia must overcome these two major impediments before it can successfully take place. As ecotourism research is relatively new and limited in Malaysia, the outcome of this study is believed to have expanded the existing body of knowledge on community participation in ecotourism and planning and have provided valuable insights into the practicality of this approach in Malaysia.
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Powell, Robert Baxter. "Nature-based tourism within protected areas effects of participation on knowledge, attitudes, values, and behaviors and the factors that influence these outcomes /." Restricted access (UM), 2005. http://libraries.maine.edu/gateway/oroauth.asp?file=orono/etheses/37803141.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Yale University, 2005.Title from PDF title page. Abstract, table of contents in French and English. Available through UMI ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 384-395). Also issued in print.
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Torgé, Marcus. "Ecotourism in Donsol—ecofeminist perspectives." Thesis, Linköping University, Centre for Applied Ethics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8248.
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Tourism is a giant and growing industry that has big adverse effects on people and the environment. To counter this, different ways of reforming tourism have been tested, one of these is ecotourism. But what is ecotourism, and is it really so different in the end from regular mass tourism? This thesis will discuss the issue of ecotourism from a post-modern ecofeminist standpoint on a general, national, and local level. More specifically, it will be applied to whale shark ecotourism in Donso, the Philippinesl. I found that ecotourism shared the “soft” values with ecofeminism, such as love, care, and friendship, at least in theory. However, this changes as ecotourism is implemented in a society where other “hard” and mechanistic values, such as profit rules on the basis of power.
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Sitanggang, Luciana. "Ecotourism management plan for Riung." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envs623.pdf.
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Bibliography: leaves 102-105. Presents an ecological management plan for Riung to ensure that the unique environment and traditional culture are protected while ecotourism thrives. Provides strategies and actions; and designed as a model for an Indonesian ecotourism management plan.
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Carballo-Sandoval, Arturo. "Community involvement in sustainable ecotourism." Thesis, University of Reading, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250608.
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Anderson, Kelly. "Raising Awareness through Ecotourism Architecture." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1242753047.
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Satoguchi, Kazue. "Ecotourism in Japan : prospects and challenges." Title page, table of contents and abstract, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envs253.pdf.
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Bibliography: leaves 71-78. Prospects and challenges to ecotourism promotion are explored through a case study on Yakushima. Recommendations to national/local governments, the tourism industry, NPOs and local people are made forecotourism promotion in Japan
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Hamilton, Rachael Anne. "Educational interpretive programs for ecotourism destinations." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3171.
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Five interpretive programs designed for use by educators, naturalists, or interpreters working at ecotourism destinations. Topics covered include environmentally responsible behavior, on-site recycling programs, renewable energy systems, and plant and animal species conservation.
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Edwards, Marc. "An Exploratory Look at an Evolving Tourism Industry: Maine's Nature-based Tourism Industry in Transition." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/EdwardsM2003.pdf.
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Yuen, Fai-ming. "Ecotourism : tourist resort in Shui Hau Wan /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25951233.
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Slean, Geraldine Rosaura. "Residents' perceptions of sustainable tourism in Túcume, Perú." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0013063.
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Wong, Wai-yee Eleanor. "Ecotourism development in Hong Kong : opportunities and constraints /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23425799.
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Kwok, Fun-ki. "Ecotourism in Hong Kong : its current status and prospects /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22264371.
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Farnell, Janine A. "Web site content review of eco-tourism and eco-information on state sponsored web sites." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002farnellj.pdf.
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Miller, Kassandra Lynne Hipwell William. "Evaluating the design and management of community-based ecotourism projects in Guatemala." [Missoula, Mont.] : The University of Montana, 2008. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-12192008-142929/unrestricted/Final.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Montana, 2008.Title from author supplied metadata. Description based on contents viewed on June 22, 2009. ETD number: etd-12192008-142929. Includes bibliographical references.
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Longchit, Chootima. "Community leaders' knowledge and perceptions toward ecotourism and community involvement in Ban Kram community, Rayong, Thailand a qualitative study /." Online version, 1998. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1998/1998longchitc.pdf.
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Kirkby, Christopher A. "The market triumph of ecotourism : a social cost-benifit analysis of a rainforest ecotourism cluster in Amazonian Peru." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.554322.
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Since the 1980s, ecotourism has attracted an enormous amount of investment and policy attention, because ecotourism potentially delivers both the conservation of wild nature and the sustainable development of local societies, particularly in rural regions of developing countries where wilderness is usually abundant but where investment is lacking and governance weak. For ecotourism to fulfil this promise, we need to understand where, how and why it works, a task made difficult by an activity that combines environmental, social and economic systems. This study is centred on the ecotourism destination area ofTambopata, Peru - arguably the principal ecotourism destination in the Amazon. Chapter 1 measures the magnitude and distribution of economic benefits generated from tourism and shows how the profit motive of lodge operators can translate into a diverse array of successful forest conservation strategies, as long as an appropriate governance structure is put in place. Chapter 2 presents a social cost- benefit analysis of ecotourism land use, finding that the net present value of ecotourism- controlled land from a producer surplus perspective is higher than all currently practiced alternatives, including unsustainable logging, ranching, and agriculture and that the amount of carbon sequestration on ecotourism lands is high. Chapter 3 tests whether vertebrate communities are directly reduced around tourist-used forest trails. Direct, negative environmental impacts can, in theory, incentivize lodge owners to reduce investment in conservation activities. No such impact is detected; instead, variation in historical hunting pressure explains variation in wildlife among lodges. In conclusion, I find that ecotourism in Tambopata is profitable, that profits finance conservation actions, that ecotourism land is more valuable from a private and social perspective than are alternative uses, and that intensive use of forest trails does not result in perverse damage to the animal communities that are one of the region's major tourist attractions.
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Kingwill, Jonathan. "Can process facilitation re-route ecotourism development? : case studies in facilitating ecotourism planning in South Africa and Madagascar." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4770.
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Bibliography: leaves 58-61.Ecotourism¹ is rapidly growing global phenomenon that has significant impacts on wilderness areas around the world (Honey 1999). Ecotoursim projects that have shown to be successful in achieving sustainability² are however rare³, despite the hope and funding that continues to be invested into them⁴. In order to distribute the costs and benefits of ecotourism equitably among the role players⁵ (RPs) and mitigate negative social and environmental impacts, a different approach to ecotourism development is required. The study aims to explore process facilitation and focusses on three main objectives. These objectives include assessing the relations and institutional arrangements between RPs, assessing the flow of information within the networks andfinally comparing the institutional arrangements and RPs for each case study. These aspects were studied in the Richtersveld region in north-western South Arica, well known for diamond mining. The historical trend of mining in South Africa has denied the local people access to financial benefits or development opportunities. The local economy is thus dependent on mining, which employs approximately half of the Richtersveld population. The diamond mines are scaling down as the non-renewable diamond stocks have become depleted. The region thus faces a rising issue of unemployment, which will place added pressure on the land. Alternative livelihood strategies therefore need to be developed in order to avoid the poverty trap and environmental degradation.
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Leksakundilok, Anucha. "Community Participation in Ecotourism Development in Thailand." University of Sydney. Geosciences, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/668.
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Ecotourism emerged as an alternative form of tourism in the 1990s to mitigate the faults of conventional (mass) tourism in meeting the needs of sustainable development. It has since become widespread in Thailand and is adopted not only in natural areas but also in rural communities. Key elements of ecotourism include a focus on ecological resources, sustainable management, environmental education, and community participation. Community participation receives a high degree of consideration among developers in Thailand. Ecotourism (ET) is seen to support this concept and is increasingly geared in the direction of social development. These trends form the backdrop to this study on community participation in ecotourism development. The study applies a triangulation methodology to collect data by combining both qualitative and quantitative methods, combining theory and empirical study to analyse the context of how local people have participated in ecotourism development. The study pays particular attention to the practices and opinions of local people in recognition of communities' rights and responsibilities in controlling their own development. The empirical study was carried out at two levels, including a general survey by postal questionnaire (thirty-one respondents) and in-depth study in four areas (Umphang, Khiriwong, Sasom and Tha Madua). The research merges theory and practice into an analysis and empirical presentation throughout the study. Theoretically, the thesis is informed by political economy and political ecology approaches, together with the concept of participation in community development and tourism development models. The research found that many communities achieve a degree of self-management in offering tourism services such as homestays, guided tours, cultural performances and cultural products. Community ecotourism organisations have been established in most communities in order to serve these new activities and to create a collective management process. Similarities in pattern and differentiation in practices among many communities were supported by different outside initiatives, developed according to similar aims and involving similar processes, but there is no uniformity or single model that is effectively applied to all communities. One significant barrier for local communities to take a major role in ecotourism is the access to ecotourism resources, which are mostly located in protected areas and are controlled by state agencies. This has led them to promote primarily their own cultural resources. Consequently, these practical changes have led to a transformation of the dominant development concept from Ecotourism (ET) to Community-based Ecotourism (CBET). Results also show that most practices involve a level of cooperation in decision-making and action with other stakeholders who are in a better position to run tourism businesses. It is difficult for local communities to be empowered to control the whole situation, which is sometimes claimed to be the ultimate goal level of local participation. The demands of marketing and conflict in management among local people, together with the limitations in accessing natural resources, are the weakest points of and constraints on the communities. To deal with these limitations, communities try to create relationships with outsiders. To develop better management of community tourism, many communities rely on help and support from outside, especially from government agencies. This, however, impels the community to become dependent on outsiders. It is also hard for communities to generate a high level of income offering basic services, since there are many levels of demand from different types of ecotourists. In summary, the main contributions of this study are: an understanding of community tourism in Thailand; the experiences of ecotourism development in the community from the leading case studies; directions, roles and responsibilities of actors and community organisations in particular; a range of options for community action in support of a more participatory process in ecotourism development. Last but not least is a set of recommendations for community-based ecotourism development from the level of policy application to practical improvement at the community level.
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袁輝明 and Fai-ming Yuen. "Ecotourism: tourist resort in Shui Hau Wan." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31980612.
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彭銘東 and Ming-tung Anthony Pang. "Can ecotourism be sustained in Hong Kong?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45013792.
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Buchsbaum, Bernardo Duha. "Ecotourism and Sustainable Development in Costa Rica." Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9912.
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The purpose of this paper is to provide a synopsis of the current issues facing ecotourism in Costa Rica; critically examine the impacts and challenges of ecotourism; analyze the potential of ecotourism as a strategy for sustainable development; look at ways in which ecotourism and sustainable development can be evaluated; and suggest ways to improve current ecotourism practices and policies for Costa Rica. What are the impacts and challenges of ecotourism? What are the possible benefits that ecotourism can bring? Is ecotourism in Costa Rica sustainable?
Based on the guiding principles of ecotourism, a legitimate argument can be made that ecotourism in Costa Rica has not produced desired outcomes and is not sustainable. However, an equally strong argument can be made that although ecotourism may not currently be sustainable, it has yet to fully mature, and has shown signs that it can achieve a balance between development and conservation goals.. Ecotourism has more promise for achieving sustainability than alternative types of land use such as agriculture, cattle grazing, logging, or mass tourism. Whether or not ecotourism in Costa Rica will prove to be sustainable in the long-term remains to be seen.
In order to increase the likelihood that ecotourism achieves goals of sustainable development in Costa Rica, all of the key actors must to begin to take more proactive measures in order to ensure that ecotourism is carefully planned and implemented. Ecotourism must account for social, economic and environmental implications, in order to succeed. A much more balanced and integrated approach, founded on the guiding principles of sustainable development, is essential to maximize the benefits and minimize the negative impacts of ecotourism in Costa Rica.Master of Public and International Affairs
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Hoffman, Brittany. "Investigating Personal Learning in an Ecotourism Setting." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77576.
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It has been proposed that for ecotourism to be the sustainable response to mass tourism, it should not only support local communities and their environments but also educate visitors. This study aimed to understand visitors' perceptions of personal impacts, including personal learning, in an ecotourism setting and why these impacts differed between visitors. To fully comprehend the nature of personal impacts, I took a primarily qualitative approach, using participant observation and a series of survey questionnaires. This study reveals that the visitor's construction of personal meaning is achieved through the interaction between the visitor's prior knowledge, quality social interaction on the tour and the fulfillment of the desire for an 'authentic' experience. With this finding, I suggest considering learning in an ecotourism setting as personal change and provide practical suggestions for encouraging all visitors to achieve personal understanding.Master of Science
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劉嘉琪 and Ka-ki Lau. "Ecotourism in China: an evaluation of its socio-economic and environmental significance." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B26826410.
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Ueleni, Talaivosa. "Ecotourism development in the South Pacific Islands : a sustainable alternative for mass tourism in Fiji Islands /." Electronic version of summary Electronic version of examination, 2004. http://www.wul.waseda.ac.jp/gakui/gaiyo/3947.pdf.
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Matulis, Brett Sylvester. "Costa Rican ecotourism and the (re)construction of social-natures on the Osa Peninsula." Online access, 2008. http://content.wwu.edu/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/theses&CISOPTR=293&CISOBOX=1&REC=3.
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Williams, Diana. "Sustainable tourism development in Cuba." Thesis, University of East London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327708.
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Jones, Andrew. "Culture, environment and tourism : contemporary analysis of resource planning issues for developing sustainable tourism products and micro markets." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2004. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/culture-environment-and-tourism(77cea16b-1b06-48dd-abb4-43af72c8a694).html.
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The research offered in this submission presents the case for a PhD by portfolio and is presented in two parts: an 'Overview' and 'The Evidence'. It explores the synergies between resource planning, sustainability, and regeneration policy associated with the development of tourism. These processes are linked particularly with environmental and cultural resource issues within European and global contexts as well as more specific planning issues within the UK and Wales. Three projects are presented; they address culture and environmental tourism themes in project 1, specific interests in urban planning, regeneration and tourism in project 2, and rural tourism issues in project 3. The projects follow a chronological course that illustrates how the research has progressed between 1995 and 2003. They show development from an initial broad interest in planning and sustainable development issues, to more focussed work on heritage and cultural tourism niche markets within more recent urban and rural contexts. The findings from the projects explore notions of planning, regeneration, sustainability and the relationships and synergies that occur between these processes and the development of specialist tourism. The research conclusions from all three projects suggest there still remain critical policy, resource planning and management issues for achieving sustainability, protecting resources and developing new tourism opportunities. This is particularly pertinent for the effective implementation of sustainable tourism. Issues concerning the development of niche tourism markets as a sustainable option have been a key research focus. Concerns are raised regarding the role of planning policy, long term strategy, institutional support for sustainable tourism, empowerment of local communities, and tensions between market priorities vis-a-vis conserving environmental and cultural resources. The degree of 'trade off between these often conflicting policy goals are also discussed. In a broader context, evidence from the projects document the changing dimensions of planning, regeneration and sustainable development and tourism policies over nearly a decade and draw conclusions on the challenges still confronting these processes today. In this respect evidence from the projects shows that there is generally more divergence than convergence in policy initiatives which encourage tourism development linked to sustainability. This is particularly the case when alternative forms of tourism are considered. The main conclusion synthesised from the projects illustrate that the development of alternative tourism will challenge resourcing and planning activities as these markets look set to grow over the next decade. The portfolio proposes that developing a framework to ensure the successful implementation of new sustainable tourism markets will make strategic planning an increasingly important priority and a future focus for tourism research in this respect. The emerging and fairly recent concept of 'cultural regeneration' is proposed as a focus for this further research.
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Keszi, Joseph M. "Formulation of an ecotourism policy framework for Manitoba." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0003/MQ32152.pdf.
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Richardson, Elvis Nathaniel. "Towards a sustainable ecotourism strategy for St. Kitts." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0026/MQ26765.pdf.
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Tannis, Tamara Rita. "Ecotourism in Churchill, Manitoba, principles, attitudes and opportunities." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0004/MQ45125.pdf.
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Al-mughrabi, Abeer. "Ecotourism: A Sustainable Approach of Tourism in Jordan." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/190379.
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Abou-Jaoude, Jaoudat Edward. "Sustainable development of ecotourism with emphasis on Lebanon." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/729.
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This study focuses on the major causes of out-migration from rural areas in developing countries. In addressing ways of eliminating its harmful impacts on both natural and cultural resources, the research considers some of the key concepts that might be applied in finding more sustainable and longer-term solutions to reduce the volume and impact of the rural exodus in developing countries such as Lebanon. At the present time, rural regions in these countries rely heavily on agriculture for their continued existence, but this does not generate sufficient employment or income to encourage the indigenous population to remain. Thus, poverty and lack of opportunity are seen as the major reasons for the rural exodus. However, in many such countries, rural regions are rich in natural and cultural resources, offering alternative or additional opportunities for improving the social and economic condition for local people. But in seeking to capitalise on these, it is important to avoid inappropriate development which ignores or impairs the cultural and natural resource heritage. So, in looking forward, this research explores the potential of ecotourism as a means of reducing out-migration by improving social and economic conditions for the rural population in a sustainable manner. In seeking to provide a firm basis on which to propose overall policy shifts in developing countries together with the consequent regional and local strategies, this research explores the concepts of sustainable development, rural livelihood and ecotourism. In doing this it draws on earlier and on-going experiences of natural resource management policies in North America and Europe, where there has been considerable experience in protecting the overall resource base with a view to creating sustainable futures for rural areas with a particular importance for natural and cultural heritage. The problems of rural out-migration and possible solutions to reduce its negative effect on the area are explored in detail through a case study of the "Qadisha-Cedars" rural region in Lebanon. This is an area that has experienced major problems of rural depopulation and is currently under threat through locally-driven economic activities which are characterised by short-term economic gain that pose a major threat to the longer-term survival of the natural and cultural heritage of the locality. The impacts of a long-standing lack of understanding and interest on the part of government are explored together with new and more enlightened approaches being developed since the early 201h centuries by countries like the USA, Canada and France. This helps highlight the need for greater levels of co-ordination and integration of national, regional and local policies, based firstly on a greater understanding of the principles on which sustainable futures might be achieved, and secondly on the need to listen to, and understand the concerns of local people and the basis on which they would feel able to embrace the principles of sustainable development. There needs to be a meeting of the "top-down" view of government and the bottom-up view of local communities. Having advocated the need to reduce rural poverty through the introduction of sustainable ecotourism based on a rural livelihood management framework, the results are justified by proposing a scenario followed by a model to undertake its implementation and finalised with a set of recommendations.
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Wong, Wai-yee Eleanor, and 黃慧議. "Ecotourism development in Hong Kong: opportunities and constraints." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31260652.
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Bhatta, Kishan Datta. "Ecotourism planning and sustainable community development in Nepal." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206759.
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Although believed to be existed long ago in practice, the notion of ecotourism has received widespread recognition in the academia only after 1980s. In recent years, scholars have strongly advocated ecotourism as a tool to achieve socio-economic development vis-a-vis environmental conservation in the developing countries, such as Nepal. Unlike traditional forms of tourism, it has been theoretically portrayed as an ethically responsible travel that could minimize negative impacts, generates funds for conservation, benefits local communities, and educates visitors. However, in practice, there are also the cases where ecotourism has fallen short of its proposed objectives, and caused environmental and socio-cultural problems in the destination communities. To maximize and materialize its potential benefits and promote sustainability, there has been a growing emphasis on the appropriate planning of ecotourism development. However research in this area in the less developed countries is limited. Existing literatures reveal that contemporary researchers have not focused their attention to the critical areas of ecotourism planning, and therefore it is still in an adolescence stage (Weaver and Lawton, 2007). More specifically, relationship between ecotourism planning and its contribution towards sustainable community development in the protected areas (PAs) of developing countries such as Nepal is rarely studied. In this context, this study aims to critically explore the local issues, impacts and dynamics of ecotourism planning and its relationship with and contribution towards sustainable community development in the PAs of Nepal.
By employing a theoretical lens of Community-oriented Collaborative (Co-C) ecotourism planning, the key research question of the study was investigated empirically in the case of Annapurna Sanctuary (AST) Trail of the Annapurna Conservation Area and the Everest Trail (ET) of the Sagarmatha (Mt Everest) National Park in Nepal. Combination of multiple data collection approaches such as structured questionnaire survey with the households, semi-structured interview with the key informants, informal discussion with stakeholders including porters and trek guides, participant observation, and archival research have been adopted. A qualitative-interpretative approach was used in the analysis of different qualitative and quantitative data.
Empirical findings arguably suggest that the key objectives of ecotourism are not truly achieved in both destinations; although (eco)tourism in the AST has performed comparatively better than ET. It revealed that context of community participation and stakeholder’s collaboration in the AST is fairly more effective and efficient than ET. It also indicated that community-based planning approach in the AST is more appropriate than the planning approach adopted in ET which is normally controlled by the PA authority and its defacto Buffer Zone Management Committee. The survey findings on community impacts of (eco)tourism, and the context of participation and collaboration in the AST and ET have supported the key proposition of “Co-C” ecotourism planning i.e. “more inclusive and effective the community participation and collaboration in ecotourism development, more effectively it will contribute to maximize socio-economic benefits to local communities; protect local environment, resources, and heritage; and promote sustainable community development in the PAs”.
This study indicated that perceived benefits and costs of (eco)tourism largely depend on the level of community participation in (eco)tourism activities and decision-making process; capacity to influence decisions; capacity to collaborate with stakeholders; availability of resources, skills, knowledge and education; proximity to the major trail; and networking and communication skills. By using their skills, knowledge and resources, residents usually tend to participate and influence (eco)tourism development process. In both the study areas, residents in OT, usually the low-caste minorities, porters, farmers, and non-entrepreneurs are found relatively less empowered and less capable to integrate into tourism industry and decision-making process than the residents in MT. Based on the research findings, this study has suggested planning and policy recommendations to empower the poor and marginalized section of community; enhance local economy; protect local resources; and promote sustainable community development in the PA settlements of Nepal.published_or_final_version
Urban Planning and Design
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Pakarinen, Nea. "Transition Practices: Education for Sustainable Development in Ecotourism." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-260689.
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There is a globally acknowledged urgency for mankind to transition toward sustainability. Empowering people to make sound assessments is the basis for desirable transitions. ‘Education for sustainable development’ (ESD) is an interdisciplinary learning process advancing knowledge, understanding and action for sustainability. To encourage sustainability transitions ESD needs to be personal and place-specific. One platform provisioning for such learning is ‘ecotourism’, where participants have a heightened sense of self, others and the environment. Hence a practice incorporating ESD into ecotourism is investigated in this thesis, to determine whether the setting would be propitious for fostering sustainability transitions. The pertinent sustainability concepts are assessed, and ‘social practice theory’ is utilized in a case study. The approach of social practice theory was preferable, as it holds the assumption that people are able to act in relation to collective cultural activities rather than in immediate responses to internal or environmental events. The effect of ESD in ecotourism is analyzed through observations and unstructured interviews conducted in a case-study in Turkey – Narköy, which is a hotel, organic farm and educational facility. The findings imply that through social practice, pro-environmental transitions can be encouraged and strengthened, with the provisions of having freedom for learning, social interaction, connection with nature, tangible activities and inclusive approach.
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Eckhardt, Gillian. "THE EFFECTS OF ECOTOURISM ON POLAR BEAR BEHAVIOR." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3692.
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Polar bears spend the majority of their lives on the sea ice, where they gain access to seals and mates. In western Hudson Bay, the sea ice melts for three to four months in the summer, and polar bears there are forced onto land. These bears live on their fat reserves for the duration of the iceless period, until temperatures get colder in the fall and freeze up begins. The aggregation of polar bears near Churchill, Manitoba during the ice free period has led to a thriving tourist industry, with a large influx of tourists visiting Churchill in the fall in a six to eight week period, yet little is known about the impacts of this industry on the biology of the bears. This study investigated the effect of tourist vehicles and human presence on the behavior of polar bears over the fall of 2003 and 2004. Overall time budgets were estimated for bears, and the behavior of males and females was compared. Females spent significantly less time lying and more time in locomotion than males. Time budgets were also estimated for bears in the presence and absence of tourist vehicles. Bears spent less time lying and more time in a sit/stand position in the presence of vehicles. Air temperature had no significant effect on the time budgets of polar bears. Tundra vehicle approaches were manipulated to determine effects on polar bear behavior, and to investigate any variables that significantly affected response, including habituation. A response was defined as any sudden whole body movement or change in position or behavior at the time of approach. A total of 25% of all bears responded to the experimental vehicle approach. For bears that responded to approach, the average distance at response was 43 m. The average speed of the vehicle was 0.66 ± 0.02 m/s (range 0.23 to 1.15 m/s). Approach variables that significantly influenced the likelihood of response of a bear to an approaching vehicle included angle of approach and vehicle speed. Direct approaches, in which the bear was in the path of the moving vehicle, had a higher probability of eliciting a response than indirect approaches, in which the vehicle stayed to one side of the bear at all times. Higher speeds of the vehicle increased the probability of a response by a bear. Behaviors of the bear that significantly predicted a response were shifting of the body and smacking of the lips. A playback study was conducted to determine the effects of human induced sound on polar bears. There was no significant effect of human sound on polar bears. Results presented here provide the first experimental evidence of variables in the tourist industry that affect polar bear behavior, and the first evidence of behavioral cues predicting a response to vehicle approach.M.S.
Department of Biology
Arts and Sciences
Biology
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Obua, Joseph. "Conservation and ecotourism in Kibale National Park, Uganda." Thesis, Bangor University, 1996. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/conservation-and-ecotourism-in-kibale-national-park-uganda(ce67e440-b48d-455e-a20b-0d7ccb8cb084).html.
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The aim of this study was to assess the potential of ecotourism in Kibale National Park, the environmental impact of visitor activities, the characteristics of visitors and visits, the perception and attitudes of local communities towards conservation and development of ecotourism, and the status of environmental interpretation in Uganda. The environmental evaluation was attempted using a combination of methods developed in the USA. Selfcompletion questionnaires were used to obtain information on visitors and the characteristics of visits, and direct household interviews were used for the survey of local communities' perception and attitudes. Information on the status of environmental interpretation was sought using the postal-survey method. It was found that Kibale National Park has the potential for development of ecotourism. The number of visitors has been rising annually since ecotourism was introduced in 1992 and was estimated to reach 5 000 in 1995. As a result of the continuing increase in visitor numbers, the camping sites and the nature trails are already being degraded. More than 90 per cent of the visitors come from overseas and only a small proportion are Ugandans. The visitors come on pre-planned tour packages mainly to view the chimpanzees. The common feeling among the visitors is that the facilities and services currently offered in Kibale are of low standard. Several proposals have been put forward for improvement of services and provision of additional facilities. The need to control visitor numbers and to maintain a sound environment in the Park has been discussed and immediate management measures required to reduce further deterioration of the camping sites and the nature trails have been recommended. The study has also revealed that local communities in Kibale still obtain most of their forest products from the Park. Although the majority (about 80%) support conservation and development of ecotourism, they have a poor perception of the Park's existence and value. Eviction of some families from the Park a few years ago and the gradual loss of traditional rights of access and use of resources following the establishment of Kibale as a National Park, has resulted in negative attitudes among some sections of the local communities. It is recommended that local communities should be educated about the value of the Park and the importance of conserving its resources. Moreover, there is a need to involve them directly in all the stages of future planning and management of conservation programmes and ecotourism development in Uganda's protected areas. It has also become clear that the concept of environmental interpretation is little understood in Uganda and the practice is generally poor. It was found that Kibale and other national parks lack facilities for proper interpretation. The Park ranger-guides are often employed and assigned to interpretive work without prior training on interpretation. It is recommended that all national parks and other protected areas where ecotourism is being promoted alongside conservation should set up proper environmental interpretation systems. In addition, there is a need for establishing a national programme of environmental interpretation to facilitate environmental education and development of ecotourism in Uganda.
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Syed, Riaz Ahmad. "The potential of ecotourism in Hunza Valley Pakistan." Florianópolis, SC, 2000. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/78330.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico.Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-17T12:52:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-09-25T16:38:58Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 174126.pdf: 4436192 bytes, checksum: e806cb60a8939f6916ec6ddcac618962 (MD5)
A presente dissertação considerou pontos tais como as que ampliam-se as adesões em favor da preservação do meio ambiente e da melhoria da qualidade de vida da humanidade. Os objetivos são fornecer alguma contribuição a Divisão de Turismo do Paquistão do Ministério de Esportes e Turismo, para comercializar e promover internacionalmente para as áreas do nordeste como destinação de ecoturismo internacional. e como fazer mais clara a ligação entre o bem estar do meio ambiente e o sucesso do turismo. Este segmento do turismo possui diferentes características de outras formas de turismo. A indústria do turismo é muito importante no desenvolvimento do ecoturismo, pois é ela que realmente proporciona as viagens e tem grande influência no destino dos turistas, atividades e experiências. Os consumidores necessitam de educação a respeito dos custos e dos benefícios do ecoturismo para posteriormente estarem aptos a decidir sobre sua viagem e sua participação na conservação do meio ambiente. São ressaltadas outras características do ecoturismo: Maior capacitação profissional dos guias. Impactos do Ecoturismo sobre o meio ambiente. Segundo BOO (1992), existem poucas destinações que demonstram todos os princípios do ecoturismo. Muitos dos parques não possuem planejamento turístico. Deve-se realizar um uso sustentável dos recursos e características naturais da área. Esta nova ideologia sensitiva ambientalista está refletida em destinações que têm, conseguido, só recentemente, embarcar na nova onda do desenvolvimento do turismo. Belize, um local relativamente novo na indústria do turismo, é bom exemplo. Esse tipo de viagem depende da conservação dos recursos da área natural. Essa parceria pode, de fato, proporcionar uma verdadeira experiência ecoturística por meio do aumento da consciência do público sobre proteção ambiental; da provisão de recursos econômicos para a gestão das áreas naturais; da maximização dos benefícios econômicos para as comunidades locais; doe estímulo à compreensão das diferenças culturais; e da diminuição dos efeitos adversos dos visitantes sobre o meio ambiente natural e cultural. Há várias etapas no desenvolvimento de diretrizes para a administração do bom visitante: Obter auxílio técnico de cientistas que estudaram o impacto do turismo. Criar um plano de distribuição do documento. Guias especializados em turismo de natureza devem estar bem informados sobre o impacto do turismo. Grande parte do impacto do turismo pode ser causado por visitantes desobedientes. Solicite aos funcionários do parque que recolham os questionários dos visitantes que estão de saída. América Central e do Sul. Incluindo alguns operadores de turismo domestico e com a Corporação de Desenvolvimento de Turismo do Paquistão. Setor Público. Agenciamento do setor público. Coorporação de Desenvolvimento do Turismo do Paquistão. Estão voltados somente com o setor público de hotéis e operadores. Considera-se o custo do Tour. Atividades na indústria do turismo. Devem desenvolver programas de treinamento em ecoturismo. Criar Identidades dos parques nacionais pois são ineficientes.
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Fernie, Kimberly Jan. "Ecotourism a conceptual framework from the ecotourist perspective /." 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/33032154.html.
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Nowaczek, Agnes Magda Kinga. "Questioning the Unquestioned: Scale Development to Assess Ecotourist Ethics." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4376.
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While most ecotourist definitions and typologies have relied on concepts ingrained in traveler behaviours or destinations, none has benefited from a consideration of personal ethics. The study of ecotourism has virtually ignored theoretical considerations of ethics, other than making comparisons with the broader tourism sector. An additional shortcoming is the general lack of methodological sophistication, where the bulk of research concerning ecotourism has remained exploratory and descriptive, and has not sought to understand and explain the role that ethics have played, or not, in ecotourist behaviour and developmental practices. The assumption that ecotourists possess a higher level of ethical beliefs than mass tourists, and in fact exhibit ethical behaviour, has not been contested to a sufficient degree. Consequently, this dissertation addresses a need for more conceptually-based research to identify core ethics underlying ecotourist behaviour, with the potential to reveal where quite diverse groups, including those with different cultural orientations, are positioned on these Western philosophical stances.
Upon building a conceptual understanding of ecotourist ethics, I have developed a conceptually-driven, multi-dimensional scale – the Ecotourist Ethics Scale (EES) – based on a conceptual framework that draws on classic theories of ethics (Deontology, Teleology, and Existentialism) and on dominant components of ecotourism definitions, frameworks, and typologies (Nature, Culture, Education, and Conservation). This first phase of scale development was followed by a second phase of testing the EES for its validity and reliability with a sample of 1,544 students, and additionally, testing its concurrent validity in relation to four other established scale measures conceptually related to ecotourist ethics.
The results of employing the EES indicate ethics based on Deontology and Teleology define the prevalent ethical stances held by individuals where the focus appears to be on rules or principles and consequences, and not on the authenticity of the experience or activity. The development of a profile of travelers based on ethics, as opposed to typologies based simply on settings, behaviours, or occasionally psychographics, could not only advance our understanding of these travelers, but also provide a means for ecotour companies to implement management strategies for a more sustainable operation in response to the array of positive and negative beliefs and behaviours driven by core ethics. The dissertation concludes with a discussion of findings and their implications from analyses of an assortment of the factors related to the sample’s travel and demographic characteristics.
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Ntha, Daniel Silent. "Profiling ecotourist with the Capricorn District Municipality." Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/954.
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MCOMDepartment of Business Management
Increasingly, third-world countries are relying on ecotourism to boost their economies. Similar to other forms of tourism, ecotourism as a business initiative is perceived to contribute positively to economic development. However, tourism service providers generally do not deliver satisfactory services to ecotourists due to misunderstanding the segment’s needs and the customer traits. In emerging countries such as South Africa, which has a conducive economic environment for tourism businesses, some provincial departments such as the Limpopo Department of Economic Development, Environment and Tourism has set objectives to make the Limpopo province a preferred ecotourism destination. These have been propagated by service providers who passively participate in ecotourism yet claim to be ecotourism service providers. Moreover, the attitude of passiveness by service providers is derived from insufficient knowledge of the ecotourist. This set the foundation for the current study, which sought to provide detailed profiles of ecotourists in the Capricorn District Municipality in order to gain a clear understanding of the ecotourists visiting the Limpopo province. The study reviewed theoretical and empirical works conducted by tourism scholars. The study was developed on a descriptive research design and employed a quantitative approach. It made use of self-administered questionnaires with a sample of 295 participants selected from tourism establishments and attractions in the region, utilising convenience and purposive sampling methods respectively. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24 and Microsoft Office Excel was used to analyse the data. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, cluster analysis and Chi-square tests were conducted to analyse the data of the study. The findings revealed demographic, psychographic and behavioural descriptors associated with the ecotourists in the Capricorn District Municipality. In addition, information sources preferred by ecotourists in the Capricorn District Municipality were identified. It is envisaged that the findings of the study will be of value to ecotourism service providers as they will provide a sound understanding of ecotourists and thereby help to deliver satisfactory ecotourist experiences. This will ultimately provide valuable input for the planning of the Limpopo Department of Economic Development, Environment and Tourism in promoting the Limpopo province as a preferred ecotourism destination in South Africa.
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HSU, HUI-WEN, and 許惠雯. "The Relationships between Environmental Attitudes and Recreational Experiences of the Ecotourist in Liuqiu." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2n2825.
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碩士國立屏東大學
生態休閒教育教學碩士學位學程
107
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between environmental attitudes and recreational experiences of the ecotourist in Liuqiu. The environmental attitude of ecotourists affect their environmental behavior, it is the key to decide the sustainable development of ecotour. The Environmental Attitudes Scale and The Recreational Experiences Scale were administered to subjects in order to examine the differeces in environmental attitude and recreational experiences of the ecotourists. The relationships between environmental attitude and recreational experiences were also examined.The subject were 450 ecotourists in Liuquiu. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, principal factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA and canonical correlation analysis. The major findings were as follows： There were significant differences in the environmental attitude courses, including “educational degree” and “residence”. Ecotourists in Liuqiu have two pattern of recreation experiences including relaxation and nostalgia, novelty and challenge. Some personal variables including “age”, “educational degree” and “income” affect the recreational experiences of tourists. Finally, canonical correlation analysis of the relationship between attitudes and recreational experiences of the ecotourists indicated that environmental attitudes were associated with recreational experiences. The conclusion of this study is that the relationship between the ecotourists' recreational experience is the higher, and the recognition and attitude towards the environment is more obvious. Different environmental education programs for different educational backgrounds and a variety of recreational experience types are expected to make Liuquiu more attractive.