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Journal articles on the topic 'Ecosystems'
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Komatsubara, Kento, Alexander Ryota Keeley, and Shunsuke Managi. "Revisiting the Value of Various Ecosystems: Considering Spatiality and Disaster Concern." Sustainability 15, no. 4 (February 9, 2023): 3154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15043154.
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Recently, concerns about ecosystem loss and the threat of disasters have emerged. Understanding people’s perception of the ecosystem’s value will lead to disaster adaptation through ecosystem conservation. We incorporated use and disaster attributes into a contingent valuation study to investigate Japanese peoples’ perceptions of the value of various ecosystems. We construct a concept representing ecosystems’ perceived disaster prevention and mitigation functions by investigating the effects of use status and disaster concerns on people’s preferences. Results revealed that almost all of the ecosystem’s disaster prevention and mitigation functions are not perceived by people. In some cases, people mistakenly avoid ecosystems that protect people from disasters. In conclusion, this concept and its findings facilitate an understanding of people’s perceptions of disaster prevention mitigation functions of ecosystems and promote the concrete practice of conserving ecosystems.
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Awano, Haruo, and Masaharu Tsujimoto. "The Mechanisms for Business Ecosystem Members to Capture Part of a Business Ecosystem’s Joint Created Value." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 20, 2021): 4573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084573.
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Research into business ecosystems has rarely examined the success of business ecosystem members. Business ecosystem leaders tend to focus on their own success rather than carefully monitoring the success of business ecosystem members, and each member must find a mechanism to capture part of the business ecosystem’s joint created value. This study examines the mechanisms by which business ecosystem members capture part of a business ecosystem’s joint created value in the cases of linear tape open (LTO) ecosystems and how these mechanisms contribute to the sustainability of a business ecosystem. A case study was conducted with a review of both the author’s experience with Sony and third-party resources. We confirm the results by panel data analysis. We identified three mechanisms. First, a business ecosystem member can establish a new business ecosystem on their own through newly created complementary innovation. Essentially, a business ecosystem member can become a business ecosystem leader in a new business ecosystem. Second, a business ecosystem member gains market shares from technology leadership, the experience of mass production, and collaboration with the business ecosystem leader. Third, a business ecosystem member who creates complementary innovations can obtain patent royalties. These mechanisms help business ecosystem members stay within business ecosystems and contribute to its success and sustainability.
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Roundy, Philip T., and Mark A. Bayer. "To bridge or buffer? A resource dependence theory of nascent entrepreneurial ecosystems." Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies 11, no. 4 (November 4, 2019): 550–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeee-06-2018-0064.
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Purpose Vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystems, systems of inter-related forces that promote and sustain regional entrepreneurship, are increasingly viewed as sources of innovation, economic development and community revitalization. Regions with emerging, underdeveloped or depressed economies are attempting to develop their nascent entrepreneurial ecosystems in the hopes of experiencing the positive benefits of entrepreneurial activity. For nascent entrepreneurial ecosystems to grow requires resources. However, how nascent entrepreneurial ecosystems manage their resource dependencies and the tensions that exist between creating and attracting resources are not clear. The purpose of this paper is to propose a theory of nascent entrepreneurial ecosystem resource dependence. Design/methodology/approach This conceptual paper analyzes entrepreneurial ecosystems as meta-organizations and builds on resource dependence theory to explain how nascent ecosystems respond to environmental dependencies and their resource needs through internal and external strategies. Findings Two specific strategies used by nascent entrepreneurial ecosystems to manage resource dependence – bridging and buffer – are explored. It is proposed that there is a positive relationship between the resource dependence of a nascent entrepreneurial ecosystem and its use of bridging and buffering activities. Two ecosystem characteristics that influence the pursuit of bridging and buffering – ecosystem size and the presence of collaborative values – are also identified. In addition, it is theorized that resource dependence strategies influence a key, system-level characteristic of entrepreneurial ecosystems: resilience, the ecosystem’s ability to respond and adapt to internal and external disruptions. Originality/value The theory presented generates insights into how nascent entrepreneurial ecosystems create and obtain resources when ecosystems are unmunificent, resource-constrained or underdeveloped. The theorizing addresses which resource dependence strategy – buffering or bridging – has a stronger link to resource dependence (and resilience) and under what conditions these linkages occur. The theoretical model generates insights for research on entrepreneurship in emerging and developed economies and produces practical implications for ecosystem participants, policymakers and economic development organizations.
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Ben Letaifa, Soumaya. "The uneasy transition from supply chains to ecosystems." Management Decision 52, no. 2 (March 11, 2014): 278–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-06-2013-0329.
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Purpose – This paper uses the multidimensional definition of value – ecosystemic value – and employs lifecycle theory to identify the different stages of evolution of value-creation and -capture processes in an ecosystem. Specifically, the aim of this paper is to show the uneasy transition from supply chains to ecosystems. Design/methodology/approach – Based on a field study of a Canadian ICT ecosystem, this paper adopts a multilevel perspective on value-creation and value-capture processes and illustrates how these processes need to move from a dyadic economic focus to a network socioeconomic one. Findings – The findings pinpoint the uneasy transition from supply-chains management to ecosystems management and provide a framework for understanding how value creation and value capture should be coupled throughout the ecosystem lifecycle. Finally, five theoretical and managerial propositions are suggested to better leverage ecosystemic capabilities and better manage value creation and value capture in ecosystems. Practical implications – Five theoretical and managerial propositions are suggested to better leverage ecosystemic capabilities and better manage value creation and value capture in ecosystems. Originality/value – Many marketing and management scholars discuss the limitations of unbalanced perspectives (customer- or seller-centric) in building a comprehensive view of how value is created and captured. This multi-actors case study highlights how ecosystemic value creation may be obstructed by a firm's focus on value capture.
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Gomes, Julius Francis, Marika Iivari, Minna Pikkarainen, and Petri Ahokangas. "Business Models as Enablers of Ecosystemic Interaction." International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 9, no. 3 (July 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsesd.2018070101.
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A business ecosystem supports relationships between its stakeholders. Although it has been recognized that ecosystem stakeholders neither solely compete, nor collaborate, but rather co-develop their capabilities, empirically-based research evidence on this interactive co-development in ecosystems remains scarce. The interaction among ecosystem stakeholders is approached from the business model perspective. Accordingly, this article builds on business model literature, and on empirical data gathered within an emerging connected health ecosystem. This article conceptualizes business models as dynamic capabilities that enable ecosystemic and symbiotic interaction through opportunity exploration and exploitation, value creation and capture, and, advantage exploration and exploitation. This article argues that co-developing business models through sensing, seizing and transforming is a key enabler for ecosystem's success and sustainability.
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Kastl, Pia. "Business Ecosystems, Platform Ecosystems und Innovation Ecosystems." Controlling 31, no. 6 (2019): 66–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15358/0935-0381-2019-6-66.
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In Forschung und Praxis ist immer häufiger die Rede von Ecosystems. Vorherrschend sind dabei insbesondere die Konzepte des Business Ecosystem, Platform Ecosystem und Innovation Ecosystem. Eine trennscharfe Differenzierung zwischen diesen Konzepten fehlt bisher. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, Definitionen von Ecosystems abzugrenzen sowie Eigenschaften und Differenzen der verschiedenen Arten gegenüberzustellen.
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Roundy, Philip T. "Social entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial ecosystems." International Journal of Social Economics 44, no. 9 (September 11, 2017): 1252–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-02-2016-0045.
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Purpose The formation of entrepreneurial ecosystems is recognized as an activity that can produce economic development and community revitalization. Social entrepreneurship is also an activity that is receiving growing attention because of its potential for addressing social and economic problems. However, while scholars have focused on how the participants in entrepreneurial ecosystems, such as investors and support organizations, influence ecosystem functioning, it is not clear what role social entrepreneurs can play in entrepreneurial ecosystems. Nor is it known how the entrepreneurial ecosystems in which social entrepreneurs are located can influence the founding and operation of their ventures. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach In this conceptual paper, theory is proposed to explain the interrelationship between entrepreneurial ecosystems and social entrepreneurship. Findings It is theorized that entrepreneurial ecosystems will influence the operations and effectiveness of social entrepreneurs through mechanisms such as the ecosystem’s diversity of resource providers, support infrastructure, entrepreneurial culture, and learning opportunities. In turn, social entrepreneurs can shape the entrepreneurial ecosystems in which they are situated by influencing the heterogeneity of ecosystem participants, garnering attention for the ecosystem, and increasing its attractiveness to stakeholders. Originality/value Scholars examining entrepreneurial ecosystems have not studied the role of an increasingly important market actor: the social entrepreneur. At the same time, work on social entrepreneurship has not emphasized the community of social relations and cultural milieu in which social entrepreneurs found their ventures. The theory developed addresses both of these omissions and has important implications for practitioners focused on spurring entrepreneurial ecosystems and social entrepreneurship.
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Horváth, Klaudia Gabriella. "What Are the Benefits and Pitfalls of Innovation Ecosystems? : Lessons Learned From Tungsram’s Ecosystem." Köz-Gazdaság 17, no. 3 (September 23, 2022): 59–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14267/retp2022.03.05.
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Whereas innovation ecosystems became widely popular lately, our knowledge is quite limited on the practical implementation of the relevant ecosystem models, specifically in Hungary. Hence, the aim of this paper is to analyse an innovation ecosystem as a case study related to one of the biggest Hungarian multinational company, called Tungsram. The research is considered to be a qualitative research, as the methodology incorporates document analysis and 26 semi-structured interviews with the ecosystem’s participants. The results show that the main benefits of participating in ecosystems are: new value creation by resource and knowledge sharing, networking and minimizing the cost of innovation. Meanwhile, the pitfalls of cooperation are closely related to the credibility of the ecosystem leader, to the formulation of the ecosystem’s strategy and to the quality of the absorptive capacity of the partners.
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Annanperä, Elina, Kari Liukkunen, and Jouni Markkula. "Innovation in Evolving Business Ecosystem: A Case Study of Information Technology-Based Future Health and Exercise Service." International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management 12, no. 04 (July 28, 2015): 1550015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219877015500157.
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Technology and software-based service development is increasingly important in business or innovation ecosystems. This paper describes an evolution of such an ecosystem as part of a four-year collaboration with several companies and a research organization. Research was conducted on the ecosystem's functions, from the perspective of managing its members' innovation activities and changing roles. We discuss the methods and tools for supporting and facilitating service innovation activities in the ecosystem formation. We conclude that innovation ecosystems benefit from the aid of research organization and the tools and methods they can bring to help the evolution of the ecosystem.
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Roundy, Philip T. "Technology rewind: The emergence of the analog entrepreneurial ecosystem." Journal of General Management 47, no. 2 (December 27, 2021): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03063070211023448.
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Research has focused on the ecosystems of forces that influence how organizations pursue opportunities in new industries, nascent markets, and novel technologies. However, there is an emerging, but unstudied, ecosystem supporting entrepreneurial activities in legacy industries, mature markets, and based on (seemingly) obsolete technologies—the analog entrepreneurial ecosystem (AEE). To develop a framework to explain this phenomenon and guide entrepreneurs and managers operating in this ecosystem, a theory of the AEE is proposed. The theory explains the ecosystem’s main components and delineates the forces driving its emergence. The model contributes to research on ecosystems, technology reemergence, and management in mature markets and has implications for organizations pursuing opportunities outside the digital ecosystem and based on legacy products.
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Mamboleo, Martin. "An Ecosystem Approach for The Sustainable Use and Management of the Lake Victoria Ecosystem." Journal of Sustainability Perspectives 3, no. 1 (August 9, 2023): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jsp.2023.15619.
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The key to achieving sustainable development is striking a balance between the exploitation of natural resources for socioeconomic development and the preservation of ecosystem services, which are essential to everyone's well-being and livelihood. This can be achieved by using the ecosystem approach which promotes fair conservation and sustainable use of both land, water and living resources. Over the years, human activities have played an important role in the degradation of natural ecosystems, either due to pollution or unsustainable development. Lake Victoria is the best example of the impact of anthropogenic activity on ecosystems, as it has undergone dramatic biophysical and geochemical changes in a relatively short time. Managing Lake Victoria requires the coordinated efforts of individuals, landowners, research institutions, community groups, and the government. This lake is an important group of natural resources due to its ecosystem services and often unique cultural characteristics hence need for sustainable management. This article focuses on using the ecosystem method to determine optimal management approaches for the Lake Victoria ecosystem's long-term sustainability. The article proposes an integrated stakeholder-based management system and holistic regional development in lake areas that will preserve natural ecosystems without compromising the sustainable use of ecosystem services. As a result, there is a need to remedy the lake ecosystem's degradation in order to retain the shared ecological services that support socioeconomic well-being.
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Briscoe, Gerard, Suzanne Sadedin, and Philippe De Wilde. "Digital Ecosystems: Ecosystem-Oriented Architectures." Natural Computing 10, no. 3 (August 10, 2011): 1143–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11047-011-9254-0.
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Fauzi, Ariffatchur, Dwinardi Apriyanto, Agustin Zarkani, Sugeng Santoso, Maulana I. Kamil, and Hariz E. Wibowo. "Abundance and diversity of soil arthropods in the secondary forest and park at the University of Bengkulu." Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) 13, no. 1 (April 11, 2023): 168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.13.1.168-174.
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Soil ecosystems are ecosystems related to the degradation of organic matter. University of Bengkulu is an area that has two kinds of soil ecosystems; secondary forest ecosystems and park ecosystems. Arthropods are one of the faunas living in the University of Bengkulu campus ecosystem. Camponotus dominates the secondary forest area, while Solenopsis dominates the park ecosystem. Data were obtained from two ecosystems (secondary forest ecosystem and park ecosystem). The results show that there are five classes with 199 individuals, while in the park ecosystem, there are four classes with 250 individuals.The secondary forest ecosystem diversity index value is 2,73, and the ecosystem diversity index value is 1,91. The evenness index value of the secondary forest ecosystem is 0,78, and the park ecosystem is 0,76. The secondary forest ecosystem dominance index value is 0,09, and the park ecosystem dominance index is 0,17. The diversity of soil arthropods in secondary forest and park ecosystems is in the category of moderate diversity. The even distribution of soil arthropods in both ecosystems is high. Moreover, there is no dominance by one type of soil arthropods in both ecosystems. The diversity of arthropods in the secondary forest ecosystem is higher than that of the park ecosystem. The number of individuals in the park ecosystem is higher than in the secondary forest ecosystem. In both ecosystems, the most commonly found are from the Formicidae family
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KHVESYK, Mykhailo, and Maria ILINA. "ECOSYSTEM PAYMENTS AS THE TOOL IMPLEMENTING THE ECOSYSTEM APPROACH IN NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT." Economy of Ukraine 2022, no. 10 (October 24, 2022): 76–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/economyukr.2022.10.076.
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Growing environmental threats and the depletion of natural resources urge to review the scientific concepts of society's interaction with nature. At the same time, the ecosystem approach is slowly being implemented in environmental economics, although theoretical and methodological principles of the approach have not yet been properly put into practice in Ukraine. In this regard, peculiarities of transformation of the present natural resource management mechanism with implementation of ecosystem approach applying its key economic tool – the ecosystem payments – are substantiated. The ecosystem approach to natural resource management is the management strategy considering complicated biological relations within ecosystems, the natural resources of which are used if planning and implementing any nature management measures. The approach also represents the comprehension that these relations are worthy, since they are able to affect the state, capacity and output of key ecological functions of ecosystems. The hierarchical structure of the ecosystem approach implementation procedure in the natural resource management has been reflected in the guiding principles of the Convention on Biological Diversity. From both theoretical and practical points of view the principles should be divided into organizational-economic and ecological-economic. Ecosystem payments are payments for usage, non-usage of ecosystem resources or services, compensation for their pollution or degradation; all payments paid in the framework of the ecosystem approach aiming to protect and preserve ecosystems, provide rational use of their resources and support the functions. They include obligatory payments for the usage of ecosystem resources, their pollution, depletion or degradation; compensatory payments which the state pays to citizens for the usage of their ecosystems or to farmers for non-usage of ecosystems or usage if introducing new technologies; payments for ecosystem services; equivalent payments. The criteria to determine the type of payments are their optionality; the type of budget they are paid from; predominance of ecosystem’s worth over market prices; goal of the payments; the possibility to regulate payments with civil contracts, delay payments and change the amount; dependency of payments on the results of economic activity; mutual benefits.
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Bogart, Chris, Christian Kästner, James Herbsleb, and Ferdian Thung. "When and How to Make Breaking Changes." ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology 30, no. 4 (July 2021): 1–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3447245.
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Open source software projects often rely on package management systems that help projects discover, incorporate, and maintain dependencies on other packages, maintained by other people. Such systems save a great deal of effort over ad hoc ways of advertising, packaging, and transmitting useful libraries, but coordination among project teams is still needed when one package makes a breaking change affecting other packages. Ecosystems differ in their approaches to breaking changes, and there is no general theory to explain the relationships between features, behavioral norms, ecosystem outcomes, and motivating values. We address this through two empirical studies. In an interview case study, we contrast Eclipse, NPM, and CRAN, demonstrating that these different norms for coordination of breaking changes shift the costs of using and maintaining the software among stakeholders, appropriate to each ecosystem’s mission. In a second study, we combine a survey, repository mining, and document analysis to broaden and systematize these observations across 18 ecosystems. We find that all ecosystems share values such as stability and compatibility, but differ in other values. Ecosystems’ practices often support their espoused values, but in surprisingly diverse ways. The data provides counterevidence against easy generalizations about why ecosystem communities do what they do.
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Barykin, Sergey Yevgenievich, Irina Vasilievna Kapustina, Tatiana Viktorovna Kirillova, Vladimir Konstantinovich Yadykin, and Yevgenii Aleksandrovich Konnikov. "Economics of Digital Ecosystems." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 6, no. 4 (October 22, 2020): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6040124.
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This paper examines a new approach to defining digital ecosystems. Within the digital economy of ecosystems, competition is eliminated, and organizations form unions and alliances in order to work together and cooperate to reach a set goal. This means a digital ecosystem can be viewed as a complex environment in which organizations without any hard ties operate. Digital ecosystems differ from traditional ecosystems in many ways. The business organization of the latter is based on management decision making by people. This paper presents theoretical foundations for developing digital ecosystems based on a literary review. Based on the logic of scientific search using the keywords “ecosystem” and “biological ecosystem”, the commonality of the properties of the digital ecosystem and the biological ecosystem is shown. The aim of the study is to identify common characteristics in biological, economic and digital ecosystems in order to substantiate the possibility of using the same approaches for research and modeling of such systems. A definition of a digital ecosystem is proposed by the authors which points out the main features of this kind of system and highlights the dominant role of modern digital technologies in the formation of the digital ecosystem. The paper looks at the distinctive features of digital ecosystems and characteristics similar to the characteristics of biological ecosystems, such as ecosystem participants, presence of limiting impacts, lack of vertical hierarchical communication. The developed model can be used to model digital ecosystems. The authors believe that the emergence of a trend in the transformation of ecosystems in the direction of expanding the collaboration of economic agents is reasonable. At the same time, digitalization helps to replace competition with collaboration. The paper finishes with a discussion of the obtained results and a plan for further research.
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Avarmaa, Mari, Lasse Torkkeli, Laivi Laidroo, and Ekaterina Koroleva. "The interplay of entrepreneurial ecosystem actors and conditions in FinTech ecosystems: An empirical analysis." Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation 18, no. 4 (2022): 79–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.7341/20221843.
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PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of actors and ecosystem conditions in the development of the FinTech ecosystems in Tallinn and Moscow. METHODOLOGY: The study develops a framework for investigating entrepreneurial ecosystems, combining ecosystem actors with ecosystem conditions. The framework is implemented through a comparative case study of FinTech ecosystems in Tallinn and Moscow, with data drawn from 35 semi-structured interviews and processed by means of thematic analysis. The primary data is supplemented with data from secondary sources. FINDINGS: The findings show how the ecosystem conditions and actors are interdependent in the FinTech ecosystems. Tallinn is an example of a strong entrepreneurial culture with its small market, advanced technological infrastructure, and talent, which leads to the dominance of the FinTech start-ups and the emergence of an active FinTech cluster organization. In Moscow, the institutional context, concentration of financial capital, and its large home market with a loyal customer base limit start-ups’ ability to grow and form the ecosystem. IMPLICATIONS: The study contributes to the literature on entrepreneurial ecosystems and emerging technologies by integrating the streams of research on entrepreneurial ecosystems and FinTech ecosystems, combining FinTech actors with entrepreneurial ecosystem conditions. It also highlights the implications of variations of entrepreneurial culture, characteristics of the domestic demand and formal institutions in the development of ecosystems. It demonstrates that ecosystem conditions are likely to contribute to the emergence of the dominant actor in a particular ecosystem. Our results also suggest that when aiming to develop the FinTech ecosystem in a city, the support given to FinTech cluster organizations is essential. Facilitating university–industry cooperation through the cluster organizations or direct partnerships can contribute to the development of FinTech ecosystems. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: To our knowledge, this is the first study to illustrate how specific entrepreneurial ecosystem conditions lead to configurations with different types of ecosystem actors, and to illustrate how specific ecosystem conditions impact the way in which actors develop and operate and how the ecosystem configuration is structured. These have been notable omissions in extant entrepreneurial ecosystem research until now. The present study also illustrates sectoral variations in entrepreneurial ecosystems while highlighting the distinct features of emerging ecosystems. It also contributes to the emerging literature on FinTech ecosystems through a comparative empirical perspective, thereby enhancing understanding of local conditions necessary for developing and maintaining FinTech ecosystems in different contexts.
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Kirey, Vladimir V., and Olga I. Morozova. "METHODS FOR ASSESSING NON-MARKET ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF FOREST ECOSYSTEMS." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 9/1, no. 139 (2023): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2023.09.01.011.
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Economic activities related to changes in the state of forest ecosystems due to the growing demand for forest resources are one of the main factors in the deterioration of forest ecosystems and a decrease in the cost of natural capital. Forest ecosystems are an essential source of ecosystem services, which are the most important element of natural assets. The purpose of review is to consider economic methods for assessing non-market services of forest ecosystems. The author describes methods for estimating the cost of forest ecosystem services based on the paradigm of sustainable development and welfare. With the increasing use of public goods (ecosystem services), there is a need for a better assessment of the role that forest ecosystems play in the conservation and enhancement of natural capital. Forest ecosystems represent a number of intangible values: scientific, cultural, religious, and also represent a heritage that can be passed on to future generations. Given the importance of forest ecosystems in sustaining sustainable development, non-market forest ecosystem services are of much greater value than the profits that forest users receive from timber harvesting. The feasibility of assessing the ecosystem services of forest ecosystems plays a role. The feasibility of assessing ecosystem services of forest ecosystems plays a crucial role in obtaining knowledge for policy development, management of forest ecosystems and spatial planning.
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Dmitrieva, I. A., and R. F. Yulmetova. "Ecosystem approach and innovative educational ecosystems." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 864, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/864/1/012002.
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Cropp, Roger, and Albert Gabric. "ECOSYSTEM ADAPTATION: DO ECOSYSTEMS MAXIMIZE RESILIENCE?" Ecology 83, no. 7 (July 2002): 2019–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2002)083[2019:eademr]2.0.co;2.
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Chai, Xeai Li, H. Rohasliney, and I. S. Kamaruddin. "Evaluating the Tropical Reservoir Health by using the Index of Biotic Integrity as a Management Tool for Resource Conservation Planning." Sains Malaysiana 51, no. 12 (December 31, 2022): 3897–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5112-03.
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Biotic Integrity index (IBI) is widely utilized for biomonitoring in aquatic ecosystems, especially in assessing aquatic ecosystem health worldwide. Environmental changes significantly impact the aquatic ecosystem’s health of Subang Reservoir, which consequently affects the aquatic biodiversity. This study was conducted to determine its ecosystem’s health by assessing the IBI of freshwater fish in Subang Reservoir. In this study, thirty-four metrics were firstly selected as candidate metrics, and later, these thirty-four metrics underwent several statistical tests such as range, responsiveness, redundancy, and metrics scoring to screen and select the most appropriate metrics. A final eight metrics were selected after the statistical analysis, and a total score of 24 indicated that the Subang Reservoir’s ecosystem shows some stress due to an imbalanced fish guild. This showed that the ecosystem’s health of Subang Reservoir is in fair condition. This is because of the limitation of fish entering Subang Reservoir. The implementation of biomonitoring can be improved by modifying and selecting the most appropriate techniques, and the usage of biomonitoring can be increased in Malaysia’s freshwater ecosystems. The result reported in this study can be used as a scientific base data for implementing biomonitoring.
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Kirey, Vladimir V. "GLOBAL SYSTEMS OF ENVIRONMENTAL-ECONOMIC ACCOUNTING." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 11/2, no. 140 (2023): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2023.11.02.011.
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Throughout history, people have treated natural resources as infinite and free, which has led to their overexploitation and degradation of ecosystems. At present, society and industry are facing challenges caused by the degradation of ecosystems and the reduction of ecosystem service flows. With ecosystem accounting, we now have the ability to incorporate the value of biodiversity into policy and decision-making. Clear consideration of ecosystem contributions as to current ecosystems Market production, as well as the broader benefits accruing to individuals and society, contributes to a broader understanding of the role of ecosystems and the impacts that can arise when the scale and condition of ecosystems change. The purpose of this article is to provide stakeholders with a brief overview of existing classification systems and assessment frameworks for ecosystem accounting. To do this, we analyses four different ecosystem classification systems, including the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, the Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity, the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services, and the Intergovernmental Scientific Classification. - Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. This review will help to determine the most appropriate models for assessing ecosystem services and natural capital for use in Russia.
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Fan, Xue, Xingming Hao, Haichao Hao, Jingjing Zhang, and Yuanhang Li. "Comprehensive Assessment Indicator of Ecosystem Resilience in Central Asia." Water 13, no. 2 (January 7, 2021): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13020124.
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The ecosystems in the arid inland areas of Central Asia are fragile and severely degraded. Understanding and assessing ecosystem resilience is a challenge facing ecosystems. Based on the net primary productivity (NPP) data estimated by the CASA model, this study conducted a quantitative analysis of the ecosystem’s resilience and comprehensively reflected its resilience from multiple dimensions. Furthermore, a comprehensive resilience index was constructed. The result showed that plain oasis’s ecosystem resilience is the highest, followed by deserts and mountainous areas. From the perspective of vegetation types, the highest resilience is artificial vegetation and the lowest is forest. In warm deserts, the resilience is higher in shrubs and meadows and lower in grassland vegetation. High coverage and biomass are not the same as the strong adaptability of the ecosystem. Moderate and slightly inelastic areas mainly dominate the ecosystem resilience of the study area. The new method is easy to use. The evaluation result is reliable. It can quantitatively analyze the resilience latitude and recovery rate, a beneficial improvement to the current ecosystem resilience evaluation.
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Fan, Xue, Xingming Hao, Haichao Hao, Jingjing Zhang, and Yuanhang Li. "Comprehensive Assessment Indicator of Ecosystem Resilience in Central Asia." Water 13, no. 2 (January 7, 2021): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13020124.
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The ecosystems in the arid inland areas of Central Asia are fragile and severely degraded. Understanding and assessing ecosystem resilience is a challenge facing ecosystems. Based on the net primary productivity (NPP) data estimated by the CASA model, this study conducted a quantitative analysis of the ecosystem’s resilience and comprehensively reflected its resilience from multiple dimensions. Furthermore, a comprehensive resilience index was constructed. The result showed that plain oasis’s ecosystem resilience is the highest, followed by deserts and mountainous areas. From the perspective of vegetation types, the highest resilience is artificial vegetation and the lowest is forest. In warm deserts, the resilience is higher in shrubs and meadows and lower in grassland vegetation. High coverage and biomass are not the same as the strong adaptability of the ecosystem. Moderate and slightly inelastic areas mainly dominate the ecosystem resilience of the study area. The new method is easy to use. The evaluation result is reliable. It can quantitatively analyze the resilience latitude and recovery rate, a beneficial improvement to the current ecosystem resilience evaluation.
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Gerashchenko, Irina Petrovna, and Vasiliy Aleksandrovich Kovalev. "Formation of educational ecosystems through the digital transformation of the educational environment." SHS Web of Conferences 121 (2021): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202112103004.
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Cognitive and digital transformation stimulates both academic and applied interest in the concept of socio-economic ecosystems. Today, traditional interaction chains in education, cooperation forms, for example, network ones, should give way to new organizational-economic interaction mechanisms – educational ecosystems. Research purpose is development of theoretical approaches to the formation of cross-geographic educational ecosystems through the digital transformation of the educational environment. The study is based on general scientific methods of systematization, comparison and generalization of research in the field of formation and functioning of ecosystems. Structural-functional and integrated approaches were used to develop the concept of formation of educational ecosystems. A comparative analysis of three overlapping ecosystem concepts (business ecosystems, knowledge ecosystems and innovation ecosystems) was carried out. The type, approaches and strategies for the formation of cross-geographic educational ecosystems have been determined. It is noted that digital transformation forms a digital educational environment, which can serve as the basis for the formation of cross-geographic educational ecosystems. As a typical basis for the formation of an educational ecosystem, it is proposed to use a business ecosystem as a form of socio-economic interaction of actors. As a strategy for the formation of an ecosystem, a structural strategy is defined with the allocation of a core – a leading university or an association of universities, and as actors – universities, students, post-graduate students, teachers, employees, graduating students, employers and other stakeholders. It is noted that the core plays a key role in the formation of a cross-geographic educational ecosystem. An effective strategy of the educational business ecosystem depends on the ability of the core to place other participants in positions and endow them with roles, on the one hand, corresponding to the strategy of the ecosystem as a whole, on the other hand, ensuring the actors’ satisfaction.
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Li, Yiting, Ming Kong, Chuanfu Zang, and Jinglin Deng. "Spatial and Temporal Evolution and Driving Mechanisms of Water Conservation Amount of Major Ecosystems in Typical Watersheds in Subtropical China." Forests 14, no. 1 (January 4, 2023): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14010093.
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The water conservation function of ecosystems is a research hot spot in the field of water resources, and it is also an important ecological service function of terrestrial ecosystems and a key point in eco-hydrology research. With the increasing frequency of human activities and climate change, how to reveal the response of ecosystem water conservation function to the changing environment is a scientific problem that needs to be urgently addressed in ecological hydrology research. To reveal the eco-hydrological processes under the changing environment, this study was based on the distributed hydrological model (SWAT) and used water conservation amount (WCA) as an indicator to assess the water conservation capacity of ecosystems. Scenario analysis and statistical analysis were also used to determine the spatial and temporal evolution of the WCAs of farmland, forest, and grassland ecosystems under a changing environment and to further investigate the influence mechanisms of land use change and climate change on the WCA. The findings show that (1) the climate conditions in the Hanjiang watershed have determined the distribution pattern of the ecosystem’s WCA. The spatial distribution patterns of the WCA of each ecosystem differed significantly between the dry season and the wet season. Under the combined influence of human activities and climate change, there was no significant change in the spatial distribution pattern of the WCA. (2) Climate change patterns, which were dominated by precipitation and influenced by evapotranspiration, determined the changes in the WCA of ecosystems. In addition, there were significant spatial differences in the response of the watershed WCA under changing environments in the dry season. Differences in land use type and local climate change were the main reasons for such differences. (3) There were differences in the WCA and the response to changing environments among ecosystems. Forest ecosystems had the highest WCA; grassland ecosystems were the most sensitive to land use change. This study can provide a theoretical basis for alleviating the increasingly serious water resource problems in the basin and ensuring water and ecological security in the basin.
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Hilkert, Daniel, and Thomas Hess. "Ecosystems." MedienWirtschaft 8, no. 2 (2011): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15358/1613-0669-2011-2-38.
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Das Konzept der „Ecosystems“ wird derzeit auch in der Medienbranche diskutiert. Aktuelle Beispiele wie das Musik-, Video- und Print-Ecosystem von Apple oder Craigslist, dem US-Online-Dienst für Kleinanzeigen, zeigen, dass Anbieter erfolgreicher Ecosystems insbesondere auch in der Medienbranche etablierte Marktstrukturen signifikant zu ihren Gunsten verändern können. Aufbauend auf einer begrifflichen Einordnung und der Beleuchtung ökonomischer Hintergründe, zeigt dieser Stichwortbeitrag auf, welche aktuellen Herausforderungen sich für Anbieter eines Kernprodukts, aber auch für Komplementäre in Ecosystems ergeben.
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Zhang, Mengyuan, Shuaipeng Chen, and Wenping Liu. "Disentangling the Complexity of Regional Ecosystem Degradation: Uncovering the Interconnected Natural-Social Drivers of Quantity and Quality Loss." Land 12, no. 7 (June 23, 2023): 1280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12071280.
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In the face of the combined effects of economic development and climate change, ecosystems are experiencing unprecedented pressures. It is imperative to diagnose changes in the quantity and quality of ecosystems, as well as identify the integrated natural and social driving mechanisms that underlie these changes, in order to facilitate ecosystem restoration and maintenance. In this study, we analyzed the changes in forest, grassland, farmland, and water ecosystems in Hubei Province, China from 2000 to 2020. We examined the changes in ecosystem quantity by assessing their area, and for evaluating ecosystem quality, we utilized an ecosystem quality index (EQI). To further understand the integrated natural–social driving mechanisms behind the degradation of different types of ecosystems, we selected four natural factors and fifteen socio-economic factors, based on the influences of climate change and human activities. We employed stepwise regression models for analysis. Our study reveals significant degradation of farmland and grassland ecosystems in Hubei Province from 2000 to 2020, reducing by 5.16% and 82.46%, respectively. The water ecosystems have slightly decreased by 1.08%, while and the forest ecosystems has increased by 2.64%. The analysis further highlights that the total area of ecosystem quality degradation in Hubei Province reached 5.34%. Additionally, our findings indicate that human activities have a greater impact on the quantitative degradation of ecosystems, while climate change has a greater impact on the quality degradation of ecosystems. Specifically, the forestry output value has a significant negative impact on the area of farmland and grassland ecosystems, while rural per capita net income and fishery output value have a significant negative impact on water area. Annual precipitation and annual average temperature have a significant positive effect on the quality of ecosystems in the good-quality level, while ecosystems in the low-quality level are mainly influenced by annual evaporation. Our results provide valuable insights for policymakers seeking to restore and manage ecosystems effectively in order to promote regional sustainable development.
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Rodríguez, Jon Paul, David A. Keith, Kathryn M. Rodríguez-Clark, Nicholas J. Murray, Emily Nicholson, Tracey J. Regan, Rebecca M. Miller, et al. "A practical guide to the application of the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems criteria." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 370, no. 1662 (February 19, 2015): 20140003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0003.
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The newly developed IUCN Red List of Ecosystems is part of a growing toolbox for assessing risks to biodiversity, which addresses ecosystems and their functioning. The Red List of Ecosystems standard allows systematic assessment of all freshwater, marine, terrestrial and subterranean ecosystem types in terms of their global risk of collapse. In addition, the Red List of Ecosystems categories and criteria provide a technical base for assessments of ecosystem status at the regional, national, or subnational level. While the Red List of Ecosystems criteria were designed to be widely applicable by scientists and practitioners, guidelines are needed to ensure they are implemented in a standardized manner to reduce epistemic uncertainties and allow robust comparisons among ecosystems and over time. We review the intended application of the Red List of Ecosystems assessment process, summarize ‘best-practice’ methods for ecosystem assessments and outline approaches to ensure operational rigour of assessments. The Red List of Ecosystems will inform priority setting for ecosystem types worldwide, and strengthen capacity to report on progress towards the Aichi Targets of the Convention on Biological Diversity. When integrated with other IUCN knowledge products, such as the World Database of Protected Areas/Protected Planet, Key Biodiversity Areas and the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, the Red List of Ecosystems will contribute to providing the most complete global measure of the status of biodiversity yet achieved.
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Abella, Scott R., Victor B. Shelburne, and Neil W. MacDonald. "Multifactor classification of forest landscape ecosystems of Jocassee Gorges, southern Appalachian Mountains, South Carolina." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 33, no. 10 (October 1, 2003): 1933–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x03-116.
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Ecosystem classification identifies interrelationships within and among the geomorphology, soils, and vegetation that converge to form ecosystems across forest landscapes. We developed a multifactor ecosystem classification system for a 13 000 ha southern Appalachian landscape acquired in 1998 by the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources. Using a combination of multivariate analyses, we distinguished five ecosystem types ranging from xeric oak (Quercus spp.) to mesic eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière) ecosystems. Ecosystems segregated along geomorphic gradients influencing potential moisture availability, with soil properties such as solum thickness distinguishing among ecosystems occupying similar topographic positions. Our results suggest that different combinations of geomorphic and soil factors interact to form similar ecosystems across the landscape, and a given environmental factor can impact ecosystem development at some constituent sites of an ecosystem type but not at other sites. A regional comparison of ecosystem classifications indicates that environmental variables important for distinguishing ecosystems in the southern Appalachians vary, with Jocassee Gorges characterized by unique suites of environmental complexes. Our study supports the contention that the strengths of ecosystem classification are providing (i) comprehensive information on the interrelationships among ecosystem components, (ii) a foundation from which to develop ecologically based forest management plans, and (iii) an ecological framework in which to conduct future research on specific ecosystem components or processes.
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Murawski, Steven A., John H. Steele, Phillip Taylor, Michael J. Fogarty, Michael P. Sissenwine, Michael Ford, and Cynthia Suchman. "Why compare marine ecosystems?" ICES Journal of Marine Science 67, no. 1 (August 30, 2009): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsp221.
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Abstract Murawski, S. A., Steele, J. H., Taylor, P., Fogarty, M. J., Sissenwine, M. P., Ford, M., and Suchman, C. 2010. Why compare marine ecosystems? – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1–9. Effective marine ecosystem-based management (EBM) requires understanding the key processes and relationships controlling the aspects of biodiversity, productivity, and resilience to perturbations. Unfortunately, the scales, complexity, and non-linear dynamics that characterize marine ecosystems often confound managing for these properties. Nevertheless, scientifically derived decision-support tools (DSTs) are needed to account for impacts resulting from a variety of simultaneous human activities. Three possible methodologies for revealing mechanisms necessary to develop DSTs for EBM are: (i) controlled experimentation, (ii) iterative programmes of observation and modelling (“learning by doing”), and (iii) comparative ecosystem analysis. We have seen that controlled experiments are limited in capturing the complexity necessary to develop models of marine ecosystem dynamics with sufficient realism at appropriate scales. Iterative programmes of observation, model building, and assessment are useful for specific ecosystem issues but rarely lead to generally transferable products. Comparative ecosystem analyses may be the most effective, building on the first two by inferring ecosystem processes based on comparisons and contrasts of ecosystem response to human-induced factors. We propose a hierarchical system of ecosystem comparisons to include within-ecosystem comparisons (utilizing temporal and spatial changes in relation to human activities), within-ecosystem-type comparisons (e.g. coral reefs, temperate continental shelves, upwelling areas), and cross-ecosystem-type comparisons (e.g. coral reefs vs. boreal, terrestrial vs. marine ecosystems). Such a hierarchical comparative approach should lead to better understanding of the processes controlling biodiversity, productivity, and the resilience of marine ecosystems. In turn, better understanding of these processes will lead to the development of increasingly general laws, hypotheses, functional forms, governing equations, and broad interpretations of ecosystem responses to human activities, ultimately improving DSTs in support of EBM.
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Matkovskaya, Ya S. "INNOVATION ECOSYSTEMS: RESEARCH OF CORPORATE INNOVATION ECOSYSTEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE FORMATION OF INTERCORPORATE ECOSYSTEMS IN RUSSIA." Strategic decisions and risk management 14, no. 4 (June 5, 2024): 352–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17747/2618-947x-2023-4-352-367.
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The author examines the ecosystem approach, corporate innovation ecosystems and intercorporate innovation ecosystems. Considering the importance of their development for achieving the required pace of innovative development of Russian companies and the Russian economy, the study of their condition and development prospects determines the purpose of this paper. An analysis of the literature revealed an increase in the number of studies on innovation ecosystems and their diversity, indicating the potential for further development of the concept of innovation ecosystems. The analysis of the innovative activity of Russian companies shows that the main indicators reflecting the degree of innovative development in Russia in 2019–2022 are growing, but not enough. The average share of innovation costs in 2020–2022 was 2.1%, and in industry – only 1.7%, there was a reduction in the volume of inter-enterprise cooperation on the development of innovations. The author formulated the definition of a corporate innovation ecosystem as a singular innovation ecosystem established by a given company to create innovative value necessary for its development. The author has also formulated the features of its configuration that determine the logic of its functioning. The results of the study show the high potential for scientific and technological cooperation between Russian companies. Therefore, the author formulated the concept of an Intercorporate Innovation Ecosystem, which is a singular innovation ecosystem created on the initiative of two or more participants by partially integrating their corporate innovation ecosystems into an Intercorporate Innovation Ecosystem. Their aim is to carry out joint innovation activities and then independently commercialise the results. The proposed concept, implemented in accordance with the principles of the ecosystem approach, in terms of contractual relations, as well as implying the development of a single platform or functioning on a multi-platform basis, has theoretical validity and seems applicable in the practice of Russian companies and significant for the development of the Russian economy.
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Callicott, J. Baird. "The Value of Ecosystem Health1." Environmental Values 4, no. 4 (November 1995): 345–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096327199500400403.
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The concept of ecosystem health is problematic. Do ecosystems as such exist? Is health an objective condition of organisms or is it socially constructed? Can ‘health’ be unequivocally predicated of ecosystems? Is ecosystem health both objective and valuative? Are ecosystem health and biological integrity identical? How do these concepts interface with the concept of biodiversity? Ecosystems exist, although they are turning out to be nested sets of linked process-functions with temporal boundaries, not tangible superorganisms with spatial boundaries. Ecosystem health – or normal occurrence of ecological processes and functions – is an objective condition of ecosystems, although the concept of ecosystem health allows some room for personal and social determination or construction. Ecosystem health is prudentially, aesthetically, and intrinsically valuable, although the value of ecosystem health is subjectively conferred. Biodiversity and biological integrity are different from, but not unrelated to, ecosystem health. Together these three normative concepts represent complementary conservation goals.
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Magomaeva, Leyla R., and Svetlana S. Galazova. "The Development of the Russian Economy in the Paradigm of the Formation of Digital Ecosystems." Journal of Economic Regulation 14, no. 4 (December 30, 2023): 057–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17835/2078-5429.2023.14.4.057-070.
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In the article, the authors give answers to such questions as: what is a digital ecosystem? How is a digital ecosystem different from a digital platform? Why are platforms scaling so quickly? Why are platforms beating traditional products? Why do platforms have a high market capitalization but employ a limited number of employees? What impact do ecosystems have on the multilateral market? How do digital ecosystems differ from traditional ecosystems? The signs of digital ecosystems are analyzed, as well as the network interaction of participants in the digital ecosystem. The authors analyze the degree of influence of the dominant platform of the ecosystem on the development of internal competition, it is also revealed that from the point of view of the digital economy, the competitive development of ecosystems can be facilitated by large economies of scale in product development due to the modular design of digital products and services, and the synergy of consumption that is formed due to technological connection between ecosystem products, increasing the complementarity between them. The authors present the components of the successful development of the ecosystem within the digital economy, as well as analyze the ecosystems that have gained the most popularity today. As a result of the analysis, the authors conclude that entering the ecosystem market is always associated with the risk of competition, which is due to the attraction of new consumers. If the market is dominated by one ecosystem or the number of ecosystems is small, then competition between them may be less intense than competition between specialized companies. Ecosystem companies benefit most from supply and demand synergies, which can be enhanced through complementary products and services.
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Stepnov, I. M., and J. A. Kovalchuk. "Business Ecosystem Finance: Modern Agenda and Challenges." Finance: Theory and Practice 27, no. 6 (December 28, 2023): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2587-5671-2023-27-6-89-100.
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The relevance of the research is confirmed by the fact that, with the widespread distribution of ecosystems as high-tech heirs of clusters and platforms, the issues of financing business ecosystems are rarely studied in the scientific literature and do not receive the necessary theoretical generalization. The purpose of the research is to systematize the available forms of financing in industrial business ecosystems within a united digital space. The objectives of this research are defined as clarifying the need to include financing functions in the toolkit of emerging industrial business ecosystems and revealing the possibilities of using selected financing methods. The methods of research, on the one hand, are based on the emerging theory of ecosystems, which develops both as a firm’s theory and as ecosystem management, and on the other hand, on a new concept that can be formulated as a fusion of finance, industrialization and digitalization. The results of the research show that there are several approaches to the organization of ecosystem finance. Ecosystems are reported to be equally susceptible to decentralized and centralized (traditional) financing, providing opportunities to create their own decentralized financial environment as well as collaborating with current cryptocurrency-based services. Several forms of financial organization in ecosystems have been identified: a) compensating costs by forming budgets for the creation and ongoing activities; b) attracting ecosystem participants’ own funds to various forms of lending (including on the basis of financial technologies). It is concluded that the development of financing instruments depends on three factors: 1) government policies to regulate the financial aspects of business ecosystems; 2) the efficiency of using the resources of ecosystem participants; 3) ecosystem interactions with supply chains. It is determined that a completely new theory of business ecosystem finance will be completed only after the exit from the experimental mode of financing business ecosystems.
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Shevchuk, Dmitrii, Igor Ilin, Victoria Iliashenko, and Alissa Dubgorn. "Corporate innovation ecosystems: challenges and opportunities." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125801005.
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This article proposes to consider the concepts of an innovation ecosystem and a digital platform. The analysis of world experience in terms of corporate innovative ecosystems contributing to the accelerated implementation of innovations is presented. The article focuses on corporate innovation ecosystems, gives their definition and key functions. The analysis of the management of innovative ecosystems in the world and in Russia is given. Describes the ecosystem approach and the structure of the corporate innovation ecosystem. As part of the study, it is planned to form a scheme for organizing a corporate innovation ecosystem, considering the place of digital platforms in the entire ecosystem.
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Blanco, Eduardo, Maibritt Pedersen Zari, Kalina Raskin, and Philippe Clergeau. "Urban Ecosystem-Level Biomimicry and Regenerative Design: Linking Ecosystem Functioning and Urban Built Environments." Sustainability 13, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13010404.
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By 2050, 68% of the world’s population will likely live in cities. Human settlements depend on resources, benefits, and services from ecosystems, but they also tend to deplete ecosystem health. To address this situation, a new urban design and planning approach is emerging. Based on regenerative design, ecosystem-level biomimicry, and ecosystem services theories, it proposes designing projects that reconnect urban space to natural ecosystems and regenerate whole socio-ecosystems, contributing to ecosystem health and ecosystem services production. In this paper, we review ecosystems as models for urban design and review recent research on ecosystem services production. We also examine two illustrative case studies using this approach: Lavasa Hill in India and Lloyd Crossing in the U.S.A. With increasing conceptualisation and application, we argue that the approach contributes positive impacts to socio-ecosystems and enables scale jumping of regenerative practices at the urban scale. However, ecosystem-level biomimicry practices in urban design to create regenerative impact still lack crucial integrated knowledge on ecosystem functioning and ecosystem services productions, making it less effective than potentially it could be. We identify crucial gaps in knowledge where further research is needed and pose further relevant research questions to make ecosystem-level biomimicry approaches aiming for regenerative impact more effective.
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Aliyu, M. A., A. Y. Maharazu, K. Suleiman, and B. Y. Lawan. "Biophysical Mapping and Land Use Attributes of Kano Ecosystems, North-western Nigeria." Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 14, no. 2 (July 6, 2022): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v14i2.14.
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The study examines the terrestrial ecosystems component in Kano, Nigeria. The study employed direct digitization using latest Google Earth Image (version 10.3) and National Space Research Development Agency (NASRDA) land use map of the state. Simple descriptive statistics was also used to evaluate units of ecosystems indentified. The results revealed 16 ecosystems of land units within Kano terrestrial ecosystems. Mapping of the study area also revealed anthropogenic cultivation ecosystem Major category of 18,542km2 representing 89% while aquatic ecosystem covered a total 506 km2 with altitude elevation of 480above the sea level (a.s.l.). Shelterbelts and wind breaks were 458 - 498 a.s.l. with >100 approximate number of patches. Results were discussed and concluded as Kano ecosystem land use attributes revealed an interdependence of units with major terrestrial and minor aquatic ecosystems with the serious anthropogenic interferences which result in systemic loss of valuable units of ecosystems, ecosystem services and biodiversity components. Therefore, government should embark on mass awareness campaign on proper land use and sustainable environmental policies framework in the state should be enacted.
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Hidayat, Dian Charity, Kosuke Mizuno, Chairil Abdini Abidin Said, and Herdis Herdiansyah. "Implementation Framework for Transformation of Peat Ecosystems to Support Food Security." Agriculture 13, no. 2 (February 15, 2023): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13020459.
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The development of food estates, including peatland ecosystems, is expected to support food security in all regions equally. Technically, the widespread clearing of peatlands for cultivating a specific food crop has multiple environmental effects. The need for more attention to non-technical aspects related to the socioeconomic life of the surrounding community is also an obstacle to the sustainability of the food estate program. In support of food security and sovereignty, this study aimed to develop an implementation framework for sustainably utilizing peat ecosystems as arable land-producing food commodities. A systematic literature review in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines and field observations were used to develop ecosystem concepts by focusing on maintaining an ecosystem’s social, economic, and ecological aspects. This paper describes the history of peat ecosystem utilization, evaluates previous errors in peatland clearing for food, and analyzes the data using the perspective of peat hydrological unit to better understand the livelihood preferences of existing communities. The previous literature’s key findings served as the guidelines for constructing the implementation framework. First, this method identifies people’s natural resource-based livelihoods and describes peatland ecosystems. Second, it evaluates the long-term viability of livelihoods and identifies improvement levers. Finally, it facilitates increasing the scale of food commodities produced from sustainable livelihoods to meet market demand while maintaining ecosystem resilience.
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Autio, Erkko, and Llewellyn D. W. Thomas. "Researching ecosystems in innovation contexts." Innovation & Management Review 19, no. 1 (November 22, 2021): 12–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/inmr-08-2021-0151.
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PurposeThe rapid adoption of the ecosystem concept in innovation contexts has led to a proliferation of differing uses. Scholars need to be crystal clear which concept of the ecosystem they are using to facilitate communication between scholars and allow for cumulativeness and creativity. This paper aims to introduce some clarity into the conceptual mist that surrounds the notion of “ecosystems” in innovation contexts.Design/methodology/approachA review of the extant literature on ecosystems in innovation contexts to derive an integrated approach to understanding the variety of constructs in use.FindingsThis paper introduces clarity into the conceptual mist that surrounds the term “innovation ecosystem”, showing there are three basic types of ecosystems, all of which have a common focus on the collective production of a coherent system-level output.Originality/valueContributes through a comprehensive overview of the differing ecosystem types in innovation contexts and with a heuristic to disambiguate types of innovation ecosystems.
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Roundy, Philip T. "Rust belt or revitalization: competing narratives in entrepreneurial ecosystems." Management Research Review 42, no. 1 (January 21, 2019): 102–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-01-2018-0019.
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PurposeEntrepreneurial ecosystems, the inter-connected set of organizing forces that produce and sustain regional entrepreneurial activity, are receiving heightened attention. This research finds that narratives about ecosystem participants discursively construct entrepreneurial ecosystems. However, the studies do not emphasize ecosystem and region-level narratives, focus on ecosystems in which narratives are uncontested and, thus, do not examine how ecosystem narratives compete with other regional narratives. The purpose of this paper is to develop a theory that explains how narratives and entrepreneurial ecosystems emerge and change in response to existing regional narratives.Design/methodology/approachA longitudinal process model is proposed to explain how entrepreneurial ecosystem narratives emerge and compete with other regional narratives. To illustrate the phases of the model, archival data were collected from three entrepreneurial ecosystems where new narratives have had to overcome entrenched economic and cultural narratives.FindingsIt is theorized that entrepreneurial ecosystems emerge, in part, through discourse. For an entrepreneurial ecosystem to develop, a narrative must take hold that allows participants to make sense of the new entrepreneurial activities and the changes to the region. A four-phase process model is presented to explain how entrepreneurial ecosystem narratives compete with other regional narratives and, particularly, negative economic narratives.Originality/valueThe theory developed in this paper contributes to the research on entrepreneurial ecosystems and organizational narratives and generates practical implications for policymakers and entrepreneurs seeking to promote entrepreneurship as a tool for economic development.
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Sato, Daisuke, and Masaru Ishioka. "A Study on Strategic Application of Business Ecosystem to Practical Management System." GATR Journal of Business and Economics Review 7, no. 4 (March 30, 2023): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/jber.2023.7.4(2).
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Objective – Recently, the market environment has been rapidly changing, and it is difficult for companies to deal with these changes independently. As a countermeasure to these changes, it is considered effective for companies to build ecosystems as solidarity for sharing knowledge or technology with various organizations outside their companies. Methodology – However, the concept of ecosystems in business is vague and complicated. This makes it difficult for companies to apply ecosystem theory to management strategies. To solve these problems, it is necessary to make the theory of ecosystems available to companies to apply their management strategies. Findings – For that reason, based on previous studies, this study categorizes multiple concepts of ecosystems that have developed in an ambiguous state based on the theoretical background, definitions, and characteristics. Also, this study analyzes the types of multiple complementarities, which is a fundamental element of many ecosystem concepts, and organized the ecosystem concepts. Based on this, we present the "Ecosystem construction framework" and the "Process for conception management Strategies utilizing ecosystems" as models for incorporating ecosystem theory into management strategies. Novelty – A deeper understanding of ecosystems through this research is expected to stimulate the sharing of management resources among various organizations by utilizing ecosystems. Type of Paper: Empirical JEL Classification: L26, L29. Keywords: Business ecosystem, Innovation management, Resources Management, Affiliation approach, Structural Approach. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Sato, D; Ishioka, M. (2023). A Study on Strategic Application of Business Ecosystem to Practical Management System, J. Bus. Econ. Review, 7(4), 15–22. https://doi.org/10.35609/jber.2023.7.4(2)
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Osei, Lambert Kofi, and Yuliya Cherkasova. "Business Ecosystems of Ghana: challenges and development trends." Russian Journal of Management 10, no. 1 (April 19, 2022): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2409-6024-2022-10-1-111-115.
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The growth of Ghana's business ecosystem is examined in this article. The business ecosystem is a growing sector in terms of both volume and economic impact, particularly in emerging countries. The paper is an exploratory study that looks at the ecosystem's structure, laying the groundwork for future strategic analysis of the system. We used data from 2004 to 2020 extracted from Bank of Ghana annual reports and Ghana payment system reports. To illustrate the intensity of the system, issues confronting ecosystems, critical resource requirements, and motivation for Ghana to establish its own business ecosystem, we use Moore's business ecosystem theory. Also, to explain the appropriate workflow for the participants in the system, we drew heavily on Iansiti and Levien's work as well as that of Senyo’s et al. We have recommended that businesses pursue co-creation, networking, enhancing openness, and releasing information in their efforts to build a formidable business ecosystem in Ghana. It is also stated that, for the purpose of state security, governments should create a policy framework and improve regulation to provide an enabling environment for the country's business ecosystem to thrive.
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Nedkov, Stoyan, Ivaylo Ananiev, Hristina Prodanova, and Vanya Stoycheva. "Integrated mapping of ecosystems and assessment of forest ecosystem services at river basin scale." Silva Balcanica 24, no. 3 (December 28, 2023): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/silvabalcanica.24.e115856.
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Ecosystems provide various goods and services to society and their valuation is among the main objectives of the concept of ecosystem services (ES). The mapping of ecosystems is the main building block of the whole process of the Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystems and their Services (MAES). The analyses of the ecosystem data produced during the implementation of the national methodology for mapping ecosystems in Bulgaria (MAES BG) reveal some problems that may cause confusion in cases of integrated assessment of all ecosystem types. In this paper, we present an approach that enables formulation of a uniform spatial dataset based on the mapping of the main ecosystem types, that can be used for mapping of ES at a river basin scale. It has been applied to the upper part of the Ogosta River basin and the result is a topologically correct uniform spatial data layer. The approach gives one possible solution to problems related to the different sources of information and the discrepancies between ecosystem types in the national mapping of ecosystems in Bulgaria. It is based on the use of a uniform spatial framework that outlines the ecosystem types and sets the initial database for further mapping. This ensures a topologically correct spatial dataset for the ecosystems and a background for further updates for each ecosystem at the different levels of MAES typology. The most appropriate spatial basis for the territory of Bulgaria is the database for the physical blocks of the Ministry of Interior. Its application to the studied river basin gives encouraging results and can be used as an example for similar areas. Further development of the approach will ensure the mapping of the forest ecosystems at level 3 of the MAES BG typology and more precise delineation of the grassland, heathland, freshwater, and sparsely vegetated ecosystems.
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SEKERIN, V. D., L. E. GORLEVSKAYA, A. Z. GUSOV, and A. E. GOROKHOVA. "Formation of Ecosystem Marketing Concept." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 9, no. 1 (June 24, 2018): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v9.1(25).20.
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Economic ecosystems were considered in the paper. The concept of ecosystem marketing was proposed and disclosed. The effective functioning of ecosystems facilitates mutual with the consumer and other interested parties creation of values, allows working quicker with less expenditures, with risk sharing, making reasonable decisions in the real time mode. Application of the concept of ecosystem marketing allows companies to gain competitive advantages under conditions of turbulent medium. The classification of ecosystems was proposed in such directions as business, socium, state and science. An ecosystem approach in marketing allows building effective interactions and acts as a way of achieving goals. The authors substantiated the formation of ecosystem flexibility as a strategic goal of the ecosystem marketing. The developed methodology of calculating the ecosystems’ flexibility allows assessing their flexibility at different levels.
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Kleinaltenkamp, Michael, Daniela Corsaro, and Roberta Sebastiani. "The role of proto-institutions within the change of service ecosystems." Journal of Service Theory and Practice 28, no. 5 (September 10, 2018): 609–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstp-12-2017-0241.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of proto-institutions that are new institutional subsystems that subsequently affect the current institutional arrangements in the evolution of service ecosystems. Design/methodology/approach To shed light on the mode of action of proto-institutions, the authors investigate the changes of three service ecosystems in Italy: the health care ecosystem, the food-supply ecosystem and the urban mobility ecosystem. Findings First, the paper elucidates how changes of service ecosystems are triggered by megatrends that are external to specific service ecosystems. Second, the study empirically shows how service ecosystems and their institutional settings change through the establishment of proto-institutions. Originality/value Responding to recent calls to investigate in more detail how actors challenge dominant social patterns and to conduct research to better understand how changes at the level of individual actors may lead to shifts within overall service ecosystems, this paper is one of the first to empirically study the relationships between phenomena that are external to service ecosystems, the emergence of proto-institutions and the resulting changes of institutional arrangements.
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Roundy, Philip T. "Paying attention to the customer: consumer forces in small town entrepreneurial ecosystems." Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship 20, no. 2 (October 15, 2018): 323–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jrme-11-2017-0054.
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PurposeEntrepreneurial ecosystems – the inter-related forces that promote and sustain regional entrepreneurship – are receiving intense academic, policymaker and practitioner attention. Prior research primarily focuses on mature entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) in large, urban areas. Scholars are slow to examine the functioning of EEs in small towns, which face unique challenges in spurring entrepreneurial activity. Most notably, small town EEs are dependent on a key stakeholder group – local customers – which receives almost no attention in prior research on ecosystems. The purpose of this paper is to develop a theoretical framework for understanding the role of customers in EEs.Design/methodology/approachThis paper integrates work on the service-dominant logic and service ecosystems with entrepreneurship research to theorize about the influence of customers in small town EEs.FindingsThe proposed theory draws attention to the role of customers in evaluating the services provided by entrepreneurs and co-creating value in small town EEs. Theory is developed about the influence of three sets of customer characteristics on entrepreneurial activities: the local market potential (based on the number of local and transient customers), customers’ abilities to access the ecosystem (based on income levels) and customers’ preferences for services provided by the ecosystem’s entrepreneurs (based on preferences for innovativeness, local versus global brands and in- versus out-shopping).Originality/valueEntrepreneurial ecosystems research has implicitly adopted a producer-dominant logic focusing on entrepreneurs and their ventures as the primary creators of value. The proposed theoretical framework applies the service-dominant logic to EEs and conceptualizes EEs as a unique type of service ecosystem. The theorizing generates implications for scholars and practitioners and suggests that more work is needed at the interface of entrepreneurship, marketing and regional economic development.
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Hamid, Hasmiandy, Alfala Hakiki, Munzir Busniah, Zahlul Ikhsan, and Stefan Schmidt. "Diversity of Parasitoids Hymenoptera in Agricultural Ecosystems and Primary Forest in Lubuk Kilangan District, Padang." Andalasian International Journal of Entomology 1, no. 01 (October 10, 2023): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/aijent.1.01.23-29.2023.
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Parasitoid Hymenoptera is an important natural enemy of most plant pests, and it can control pests specifically in the agricultural ecosystem. The study aimed to study parasitoid Hymenoptera diversity in agricultural and primary forest ecosystems. The research was conducted from March to June 2018 at Lubuk Kilangan Subdistrict, Padang. The research location was determined by purposive sampling, and sampling was taken using malaise and yellow traps. The results showed that the family of parasitoid Hymenoptera with dominant numbers of individuals and morphospecies were Braconidae, Ichneumonidae, and Scelionidae. The diversity index of both ecosystems is classified as high, with a value of 4,879 for primary forest ecosystems and 4,675 for agricultural ecosystems. The Evenness index of both ecosystems is classified in the high category, with a value of 0,905 for the primary forest ecosystem and 0,887 for the agricultural ecosystem. The similarity index of both ecosystems is classified in the high category with a value of 0,607.
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Hamid, Hasmiandy, Alfala Hakiki, Munzir Busniah, Zahlul Ikhsan, and Stefan Schmidt. "Diversity of Parasitoids Hymenoptera in Agricultural Ecosystems and Primary Forest in Lubuk Kilangan District, Padang." Andalasian International Journal of Entomology 1, no. 01 (October 10, 2023): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/aijent.1.01.20-26.2023.
Full textAbstract:
Parasitoid Hymenoptera is an important natural enemy of most plant pests, and it can control pests specifically in the agricultural ecosystem. The study aimed to study parasitoid Hymenoptera diversity in agricultural and primary forest ecosystems. The research was conducted from March to June 2018 at Lubuk Kilangan Subdistrict, Padang. The research location was determined by purposive sampling, and sampling was taken using malaise and yellow traps. The results showed that the family of parasitoid Hymenoptera with dominant numbers of individuals and morphospecies were Braconidae, Ichneumonidae, and Scelionidae. The diversity index of both ecosystems is classified as high, with a value of 4,879 for primary forest ecosystems and 4,675 for agricultural ecosystems. The Evenness index of both ecosystems is classified in the high category, with a value of 0,905 for the primary forest ecosystem and 0,887 for the agricultural ecosystem. The similarity index of both ecosystems is classified in the high category with a value of 0,607.
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Dai, Lingjun, Hongyu Liu, Gang Wang, Cheng Wang, Ziru Guo, Yi Zhou, and Yufeng Li. "Modelling the effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion on the landscape succession of Yancheng coastal natural wetlands, China." PeerJ 8 (November 24, 2020): e10400. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10400.
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Background The Yancheng coastal natural wetlands (YCNR) are well-preserved silty tidal flat wetlands in China. Due to the severe invasion of Spartina alterniflora, the native ecosystem has undergone great changes. The successful invasion of S. alterniflora reduced the biodiversity of the YCNR, changed the structure and function of the local ecosystem, and eventually led to the degradation of the ecosystem and the loss of ecosystem function and service. Fully understanding the impact of an alien species invasion on YCNR succession is an important prerequisite for protecting and restoring the wetlands. Methods In this study, remote sensing, GIS technology, and a cellular-automaton Markov model were used to simulate the natural succession process of native ecosystems without being affected by alien species. By comparing the landscape of the YCNR with the model simulation results, we gained a better understanding of how alien species affect native landscape-scale ecosystems. Results During the natural succession of the coastal native wetland ecosystem in the YCNR, the pioneer species S. alterniflora occupied the mudflats and expanded seaward. The whole area expanded and moved seaward with an average annual movement of 58.23 m. Phragmites australis seemed to dominate the competition with S. salsa communities, and the area gradually expanded with an average annual movement of 39.89 m. The invasion of S. alterniflora changed the native ecosystem’s spatial succession process, causing the S. salsa ecosystem to be stressed by ecosystems on the side of the sea (S. alterniflora) and that of land (P. australis). The area of the seaward-expanding P. australis ecosystem has been declining. Under a reasonable protected area policy, human activities have enhanced the succession rate of the P. australis ecosystem and have had a small impact on the ecological spatial succession of S. salsa and S. alterniflora.