Academic literature on the topic 'Ecosystems'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ecosystems"
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Komatsubara, Kento, Alexander Ryota Keeley, and Shunsuke Managi. "Revisiting the Value of Various Ecosystems: Considering Spatiality and Disaster Concern." Sustainability 15, no. 4 (February 9, 2023): 3154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15043154.
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Recently, concerns about ecosystem loss and the threat of disasters have emerged. Understanding people’s perception of the ecosystem’s value will lead to disaster adaptation through ecosystem conservation. We incorporated use and disaster attributes into a contingent valuation study to investigate Japanese peoples’ perceptions of the value of various ecosystems. We construct a concept representing ecosystems’ perceived disaster prevention and mitigation functions by investigating the effects of use status and disaster concerns on people’s preferences. Results revealed that almost all of the ecosystem’s disaster prevention and mitigation functions are not perceived by people. In some cases, people mistakenly avoid ecosystems that protect people from disasters. In conclusion, this concept and its findings facilitate an understanding of people’s perceptions of disaster prevention mitigation functions of ecosystems and promote the concrete practice of conserving ecosystems.
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Awano, Haruo, and Masaharu Tsujimoto. "The Mechanisms for Business Ecosystem Members to Capture Part of a Business Ecosystem’s Joint Created Value." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 20, 2021): 4573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084573.
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Research into business ecosystems has rarely examined the success of business ecosystem members. Business ecosystem leaders tend to focus on their own success rather than carefully monitoring the success of business ecosystem members, and each member must find a mechanism to capture part of the business ecosystem’s joint created value. This study examines the mechanisms by which business ecosystem members capture part of a business ecosystem’s joint created value in the cases of linear tape open (LTO) ecosystems and how these mechanisms contribute to the sustainability of a business ecosystem. A case study was conducted with a review of both the author’s experience with Sony and third-party resources. We confirm the results by panel data analysis. We identified three mechanisms. First, a business ecosystem member can establish a new business ecosystem on their own through newly created complementary innovation. Essentially, a business ecosystem member can become a business ecosystem leader in a new business ecosystem. Second, a business ecosystem member gains market shares from technology leadership, the experience of mass production, and collaboration with the business ecosystem leader. Third, a business ecosystem member who creates complementary innovations can obtain patent royalties. These mechanisms help business ecosystem members stay within business ecosystems and contribute to its success and sustainability.
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Roundy, Philip T., and Mark A. Bayer. "To bridge or buffer? A resource dependence theory of nascent entrepreneurial ecosystems." Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies 11, no. 4 (November 4, 2019): 550–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeee-06-2018-0064.
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Purpose Vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystems, systems of inter-related forces that promote and sustain regional entrepreneurship, are increasingly viewed as sources of innovation, economic development and community revitalization. Regions with emerging, underdeveloped or depressed economies are attempting to develop their nascent entrepreneurial ecosystems in the hopes of experiencing the positive benefits of entrepreneurial activity. For nascent entrepreneurial ecosystems to grow requires resources. However, how nascent entrepreneurial ecosystems manage their resource dependencies and the tensions that exist between creating and attracting resources are not clear. The purpose of this paper is to propose a theory of nascent entrepreneurial ecosystem resource dependence. Design/methodology/approach This conceptual paper analyzes entrepreneurial ecosystems as meta-organizations and builds on resource dependence theory to explain how nascent ecosystems respond to environmental dependencies and their resource needs through internal and external strategies. Findings Two specific strategies used by nascent entrepreneurial ecosystems to manage resource dependence – bridging and buffer – are explored. It is proposed that there is a positive relationship between the resource dependence of a nascent entrepreneurial ecosystem and its use of bridging and buffering activities. Two ecosystem characteristics that influence the pursuit of bridging and buffering – ecosystem size and the presence of collaborative values – are also identified. In addition, it is theorized that resource dependence strategies influence a key, system-level characteristic of entrepreneurial ecosystems: resilience, the ecosystem’s ability to respond and adapt to internal and external disruptions. Originality/value The theory presented generates insights into how nascent entrepreneurial ecosystems create and obtain resources when ecosystems are unmunificent, resource-constrained or underdeveloped. The theorizing addresses which resource dependence strategy – buffering or bridging – has a stronger link to resource dependence (and resilience) and under what conditions these linkages occur. The theoretical model generates insights for research on entrepreneurship in emerging and developed economies and produces practical implications for ecosystem participants, policymakers and economic development organizations.
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Ben Letaifa, Soumaya. "The uneasy transition from supply chains to ecosystems." Management Decision 52, no. 2 (March 11, 2014): 278–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-06-2013-0329.
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Purpose – This paper uses the multidimensional definition of value – ecosystemic value – and employs lifecycle theory to identify the different stages of evolution of value-creation and -capture processes in an ecosystem. Specifically, the aim of this paper is to show the uneasy transition from supply chains to ecosystems. Design/methodology/approach – Based on a field study of a Canadian ICT ecosystem, this paper adopts a multilevel perspective on value-creation and value-capture processes and illustrates how these processes need to move from a dyadic economic focus to a network socioeconomic one. Findings – The findings pinpoint the uneasy transition from supply-chains management to ecosystems management and provide a framework for understanding how value creation and value capture should be coupled throughout the ecosystem lifecycle. Finally, five theoretical and managerial propositions are suggested to better leverage ecosystemic capabilities and better manage value creation and value capture in ecosystems. Practical implications – Five theoretical and managerial propositions are suggested to better leverage ecosystemic capabilities and better manage value creation and value capture in ecosystems. Originality/value – Many marketing and management scholars discuss the limitations of unbalanced perspectives (customer- or seller-centric) in building a comprehensive view of how value is created and captured. This multi-actors case study highlights how ecosystemic value creation may be obstructed by a firm's focus on value capture.
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Gomes, Julius Francis, Marika Iivari, Minna Pikkarainen, and Petri Ahokangas. "Business Models as Enablers of Ecosystemic Interaction." International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 9, no. 3 (July 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsesd.2018070101.
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A business ecosystem supports relationships between its stakeholders. Although it has been recognized that ecosystem stakeholders neither solely compete, nor collaborate, but rather co-develop their capabilities, empirically-based research evidence on this interactive co-development in ecosystems remains scarce. The interaction among ecosystem stakeholders is approached from the business model perspective. Accordingly, this article builds on business model literature, and on empirical data gathered within an emerging connected health ecosystem. This article conceptualizes business models as dynamic capabilities that enable ecosystemic and symbiotic interaction through opportunity exploration and exploitation, value creation and capture, and, advantage exploration and exploitation. This article argues that co-developing business models through sensing, seizing and transforming is a key enabler for ecosystem's success and sustainability.
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Kastl, Pia. "Business Ecosystems, Platform Ecosystems und Innovation Ecosystems." Controlling 31, no. 6 (2019): 66–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15358/0935-0381-2019-6-66.
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In Forschung und Praxis ist immer häufiger die Rede von Ecosystems. Vorherrschend sind dabei insbesondere die Konzepte des Business Ecosystem, Platform Ecosystem und Innovation Ecosystem. Eine trennscharfe Differenzierung zwischen diesen Konzepten fehlt bisher. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, Definitionen von Ecosystems abzugrenzen sowie Eigenschaften und Differenzen der verschiedenen Arten gegenüberzustellen.
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Roundy, Philip T. "Social entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial ecosystems." International Journal of Social Economics 44, no. 9 (September 11, 2017): 1252–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-02-2016-0045.
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Purpose The formation of entrepreneurial ecosystems is recognized as an activity that can produce economic development and community revitalization. Social entrepreneurship is also an activity that is receiving growing attention because of its potential for addressing social and economic problems. However, while scholars have focused on how the participants in entrepreneurial ecosystems, such as investors and support organizations, influence ecosystem functioning, it is not clear what role social entrepreneurs can play in entrepreneurial ecosystems. Nor is it known how the entrepreneurial ecosystems in which social entrepreneurs are located can influence the founding and operation of their ventures. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach In this conceptual paper, theory is proposed to explain the interrelationship between entrepreneurial ecosystems and social entrepreneurship. Findings It is theorized that entrepreneurial ecosystems will influence the operations and effectiveness of social entrepreneurs through mechanisms such as the ecosystem’s diversity of resource providers, support infrastructure, entrepreneurial culture, and learning opportunities. In turn, social entrepreneurs can shape the entrepreneurial ecosystems in which they are situated by influencing the heterogeneity of ecosystem participants, garnering attention for the ecosystem, and increasing its attractiveness to stakeholders. Originality/value Scholars examining entrepreneurial ecosystems have not studied the role of an increasingly important market actor: the social entrepreneur. At the same time, work on social entrepreneurship has not emphasized the community of social relations and cultural milieu in which social entrepreneurs found their ventures. The theory developed addresses both of these omissions and has important implications for practitioners focused on spurring entrepreneurial ecosystems and social entrepreneurship.
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Horváth, Klaudia Gabriella. "What Are the Benefits and Pitfalls of Innovation Ecosystems? : Lessons Learned From Tungsram’s Ecosystem." Köz-Gazdaság 17, no. 3 (September 23, 2022): 59–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14267/retp2022.03.05.
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Whereas innovation ecosystems became widely popular lately, our knowledge is quite limited on the practical implementation of the relevant ecosystem models, specifically in Hungary. Hence, the aim of this paper is to analyse an innovation ecosystem as a case study related to one of the biggest Hungarian multinational company, called Tungsram. The research is considered to be a qualitative research, as the methodology incorporates document analysis and 26 semi-structured interviews with the ecosystem’s participants. The results show that the main benefits of participating in ecosystems are: new value creation by resource and knowledge sharing, networking and minimizing the cost of innovation. Meanwhile, the pitfalls of cooperation are closely related to the credibility of the ecosystem leader, to the formulation of the ecosystem’s strategy and to the quality of the absorptive capacity of the partners.
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Annanperä, Elina, Kari Liukkunen, and Jouni Markkula. "Innovation in Evolving Business Ecosystem: A Case Study of Information Technology-Based Future Health and Exercise Service." International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management 12, no. 04 (July 28, 2015): 1550015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219877015500157.
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Technology and software-based service development is increasingly important in business or innovation ecosystems. This paper describes an evolution of such an ecosystem as part of a four-year collaboration with several companies and a research organization. Research was conducted on the ecosystem's functions, from the perspective of managing its members' innovation activities and changing roles. We discuss the methods and tools for supporting and facilitating service innovation activities in the ecosystem formation. We conclude that innovation ecosystems benefit from the aid of research organization and the tools and methods they can bring to help the evolution of the ecosystem.
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Roundy, Philip T. "Technology rewind: The emergence of the analog entrepreneurial ecosystem." Journal of General Management 47, no. 2 (December 27, 2021): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03063070211023448.
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Research has focused on the ecosystems of forces that influence how organizations pursue opportunities in new industries, nascent markets, and novel technologies. However, there is an emerging, but unstudied, ecosystem supporting entrepreneurial activities in legacy industries, mature markets, and based on (seemingly) obsolete technologies—the analog entrepreneurial ecosystem (AEE). To develop a framework to explain this phenomenon and guide entrepreneurs and managers operating in this ecosystem, a theory of the AEE is proposed. The theory explains the ecosystem’s main components and delineates the forces driving its emergence. The model contributes to research on ecosystems, technology reemergence, and management in mature markets and has implications for organizations pursuing opportunities outside the digital ecosystem and based on legacy products.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ecosystems"
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Palesse, Stephanie. "Déterminisme de la décision lysogénique au sein des communautés virales aquatiques : importance des fluctuations physiologiques et métaboliques des hôtes procaryotes." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF22520.
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Varkey, Divya Alice. "Marine ecosystem restoration with a focus on coral reef ecosystems." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30117.
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The declines of fish populations in ecosystems around the globe have triggered considerable interest in marine ecosystem restoration. In addition to focusing on individual fish populations, there is increased emphasis on understanding inter-species interactions and on understanding the human relationships with the ecosystems. My thesis approaches marine restoration from (a) practical aspects of considering multispecies interactions in the ecosystem (Ecopath with Ecosim models), estimating unreported and illegal catches (influence tables) and policy that considers the concerns of multiple stakeholders (Bayesian influence diagram modeling); (b) theoretical aspects of carrying capacity and fish life history analyzed using life history parameters (Population dynamics modeling).
I begin my thesis by exploring the technological, socio-economic, and political history of Raja Ampat in Eastern Indonesia (my geographical focus) to understand resource management challenges and to calculate the trends in relative misreporting of fisheries catch. The unreported fish catch exceeds the reported fish catch by a factor of 1.5. My next chapter explores the ecological benefits of establishing marine protected areas for coral reef ecosystems in Raja Ampat using Ecopath, Ecosim and Ecospace models. I estimate an ideal minimum size of no-take areas— the size of no-take area at which the biomass density of reef fish reached an asymptote—to be 16 to 25 km². Analysis of biomass density of reef fish in MPAs led to questions about ecosystem carrying capacity. To explore carrying capacity, I reconstruct ancient snapper population biomass using archaeological data obtained from fish middens using equilibrium age structure model. The results show that the ancient snapper population was about 2 to 4 times higher than the modern population biomass. To model the differing utilities of different stakeholders, in the next chapter, I develop a bayesian influence diagram model. The results indicate that restricting net fisheries and implementing 25% fisheries closure are robust scenarios favored under several combinations of the modeled variables and utility functions. The final chapter explores how the life history parameters of fish species affect the population response to restoration. It is expected that slow growing species would show a greater response to protection than fast growing species.
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Ruiz, Jaen Maria. "The Relationship between Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Tropical Ecosystems." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104676.
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Experimental studies, in temperate grasslands, assessing the role of biodiversity and its effects on ecosystem functioning have generally shown that a decline in species number has negative effects on ecosystem functioning. Even though, this relationship has been intensively studied in the last ten years, little is known about it in complex and hyperdiverse tropical ecosystems and where species diversity is not manipulated. My research examines the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in natural tropical forests with a special focus on scale. This research centers on field studies. The field studies address the relationship between natural tree biodiversity and aboveground biomass, as the ecosystem function of interest, in forest plots of similar physiognomy but different species composition. Specifically, I explored the following questions: (1) How can the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning be detected in a naturally varying environment and space?, (2) How can different measures of diversity (species versus function) explain tree carbon stocks?, (3) Can we confound the effect of species diversity on tree carbon storage with that of forest structure?, (4) How does this relationship change with different spatial scales?, and (5) Can we extrapolate the results of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning found in experimental plantations to natural forests? Overall, my thesis has found that environmental factors related to topography, soil physical factors, and nutrients have little effect on aboveground biomass in tropical ecosystems. Species richness alone cannot be used as a predictor for aboveground biomass, however, if reduced to functional types, its explanatory power increases. Functional traits can be useful to unveil the relationship of aboveground biomass and tree diversity, by reducing species to functional types. Forest structure correlates strongly with aboveground biomass independently of scale, but forest structure is interlinked with species functional traits. Finally, we have to be cautious in extrapolating results found in experimental plantations to natural forests.Des études expérimentales qui ont été effectuées dans des systèmes expérimentaux herbacés du milieu tempéré afin d'évaluer le rôle de la diversité biologique et ses effets sur le fonctionnement de l'écosystème ont généralement pu montrer que le déclin dans le nombre d'espèces a un effet négatif sur le fonctionnement de l'écosystème. Même si cette relation a été étudiée de façon intensive au cours des dix dernières années, très peu est encore connu à ce propos dans les écosystèmes tropicaux, beaucoup plus complexes et mégadiversifiés. Mes travaux de recherche examinent la relation entre diversité biologique et fonction de l'écosystème dans les forêts naturelles tropicales, en mettant l'emphase sur la question d'échelle. Cette recherche est basée sur une approche de terrain, en opposition avec une approche théorique. L'approche de terrain aborde la relation entre la diversité biologique à l'état naturel et les fonctions d'écosystème dans des parcelles forestières de physionomies similaires mais d'une composition en espèces différente. De façon plus spécifique, j'explore les questions suivantes : (1) Comment la relation entre diversité biologique et fonction d'écosystème peut-elle être détectée dans un environnement et un espace naturel changeant?, (2) Comment différentes mesures de diversité (espèces vs fonction) expliquent-elles les stocks de carbone dans les arbres?, (3) Pouvons-nous confondre l'effet de la diversité en espèces sur l'entreposage du carbone dans les arbres avec l'effet de la structure de la forêt? (4) Comment cette relation change-t-elle avec différentes échelles spatiales? (5) Pouvons-nous extrapoler les résultats obtenus dans des plantations expérimentales aux forêts naturelles dans les tropiques en ce qui a trait à la relation entre biodiversité et fonction d'écosystème? Ainsi, ma thèse montre que pour les écosystèmes tropicaux, les facteurs environnementaux tels que ceux reliés à la topographie, les facteurs physiques et les nutriments des sols ont peu d'effet sur l'entreposage du carbone dans les arbres. De plus, la richesse en espèces ne peut pas à elle prédire de l'entreposage de carbone dans les arbres, cependant lorsque celle-ci est divisée par types fonctionnels, sa puissance explicative augmente. Les traits fonctionnels peuvent donc être utiles pour révéler une relation entre le stockage du carbone et la diversité en arbres en réduisant les espèces en des types fonctionnels. La structure de la forêt est le moteur principal du stockage arboricole du carbone indépendamment de l'échelle, par contre cette dernière est reliée aux traits fonctionnels des espèces. Finalement, nous avons pu montrer que la prudence est de mise en ce qui concerne toute possible extrapolation de résultats provenant de plantations expérimentales à des forêts naturelles dans les tropiques.
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Cenamor, Javier. "Managing Platform-Mediated Ecosystems : Investigating ecosystem interdependencies and strategic choices." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Innovation och Design, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-26396.
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The rapid and ubiquitous spread of information technologies (IT) is creating unprecedented effects that challenge traditional fundamentals of the business world. Platform-mediated ecosystems are increasingly attracting the attention of practitioners from diverse industries, from telecommunications to video consoles, as well as academics from different fields ranging from management to economics, and information systems (IS) and innovation management. A platform-mediated ecosystem can be defined broadly as an industrial architecture with an infrastructure in the center that facilitates value co-creation among different agents (platform owners, and providers and users of complementary products) and a set of rules governing their interdependencies. The speed and the magnitude at which platforms diffuse are inspiring numerous analyses from diverse perspectives, mainly focused on drivers of success and ecosystem interdependencies in different contexts. This thesis highlights the importance of detangling the different interdependencies within platform-mediated ecosystems, while building a comprehensive approach based on the ecosystem as a whole. The wide range of platform types and their rapid evolution makes it difficult to establish a consensual categorization of platforms. A common aspect among most of them is that platform-mediated ecosystems usually present network effects that is the value of products depend on the number of peers within the ecosystem. In this sense, the number of adopters, known also as the size of the installed base, in a market has traditionally had a central importance in the literature. The platform-mediated ecosystems, however, are becoming more and more complex due to rising competition. Thus, there is a need for advancing understanding of the fundamentals of platform-mediated ecosystems and the management alternatives inherent in designing such systems which would enable a comprehensive platform approach to be built. Consequently, the main purpose of this thesis is to advance the understanding of the strategic management of platform-mediated ecosystems. Specifically, this thesis aims to unravel the ecosystem interdependencies and to identify strategic choices as a source of competitive advantage. To achieve this aim, different methodologies are applied in this thesis. Specifically, Paper I was based on a structured literature review of relevant papers in platform-mediated ecosystems for the period 2000 through 2014. The empirical analyses conducted in Papers II, III, and IV use different secondary samples from the video console ecosystem. Finally, the results in Paper V were based on a qualitative, multiple case study of global manufacturing firms implementing product-service systems (PSS) through a platform architecture. Overall, the findings within this thesis present the following main theoretical contributions. First, the thesis presents a comprehensive approach toward platform mediated ecosystems covering new ways of value creation and value capture, new governance regimes, and new agents making interdependent choices. Precisely, platform ecosystems offer unprecedented efficiencies and innovation enhancements, and the possibility of establishing rules for new role participation and interaction. Thus, the findings shed light on the fundamentals and future trends in the platform approach. Second, different ecosystem interdependencies may increase the platform adoption and performance. Specifically, the thesis highlights the importance of the positive effects from different agents in the complementary product markets. Accordingly, the findings contribute on unraveling the interdependencies within platform ecosystems. Third, platform performance can be enhanced by exploiting complementarities among strategies and regions. Precisely, the findings show significant complementarities from the joint management of different activities related to the complementary products and the platform, and from the presence in several countries. Consequently, the findings provide strategic choices as a source of competitive advantage. Finally, transformation toward global PSS may be guided by a platform approach, which may be helpful to explain the origins in building a platform ecosystem. In this respect, the findings shed light on how platform-mediated ecosystems are created. In sum, these findings have important implications for researchers in strategic management, economics, and information systems as well as managers from highly innovative industries and traditional sectors under structural transformation. This thesis concludes with the limitations that should be considered when interpreting the findings and some suggestions for future researchers.Godkänd; 2015; 20150917 (javcen); Nedanstående person kommer att disputera för avläggande av teknologie doktorsexamen. Namn: Javier Cenamor Gómez Ämne: Entreprenörskap och innovation/Entrepreneurship and Innovation Avhandling: Managing Platform-Mediated Ecosystems: Investigating Ecosystem Interdependencies and strategic Choises Opponent: Biträdande professor Andreas Larsson, Institutionen för maskinteknik, Blekinge tekniska högskola, Karlskrona. Ordförande: Biträdande professor Vinit Parida, Avd för innovation och design, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, Luleå tekniska universitet, Luleå. Tid: Tisdag 10 november, 2015 kl 13.00
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Marjamaa-Mankinen, L. (Liisa). "Technology ecosystems and digital business ecosystems for business." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2016. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201603251356.
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The purpose of this study was to find out the progress in the research of technology ecosystems and digital business ecosystems and to combine that information for business purposes by the utilization of information about business ecosystems. The need for this information emerged at the Department of Information Processing Science in the context of European Union research projects. The information gained is expected to assist to increase possibilities both for the research and for the personal competence to work with enterprises in new kinds of technology environments.
The main research question to be answered in this study was: How are technology ecosystems and digital business ecosystems for business perceived and approached in the literature?
Instead of a systematic review, a method of systematic mapping was selected to structure the selected research areas for getting a broad overview over the two streams of research, and for identification the possible research evidence. To answer the main question the following subquestions were set for both systematic mapping studies: RQ1 Which journals include papers on technology ecosystems / digital business ecosystems for business? RQ2 What are the most investigated topics of technology ecosystems / digital business ecosystems and how have these changed over time? RQ3 What are the most frequently applied research approaches and methods, and in what study context?
Based on structuring the selected research areas according to the set subquestions, broad overviews were established presenting findings. Based on the identification and evaluation of publication channels the forums for discussion were exposed. Based on the identification of topics and their evolution the trends of discussion were exposed. Based on the identification of research types the non-empirical and the empirical research were exposed. Found research evidence and found solution proposals (from non-empirical research) were discussed and the need for further research was considered.
The main contribution of this mapping study was the identification of different perceptions of two vague concepts, technology ecosystem and digital business ecosystem, and notion of their convergence and interlace over time (especially in relation to the exposed scarce research evidence).
The recommendations for future research were set based on the found empirical research and solution proposals, as well as limitations of this study.
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Xu, Y. (Yueqiang). "How new business ecosystems emerge:a study on Finnish cloud business ecosystem." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2013. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201303041077.
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It is an emerging phenomenon that the leading multinational companies are studying how to use the engagement experiences of customers and communities as the foundation of value co-creation. To achieve this, the business leaders have increasingly adopted an ecological organizational form, namely business ecosystem. Google, Amazon and Microsoft are the real world examples and pioneers in this field. However, in the academic research, it is addressed by a number of researchers that there is significant lack of empirical studies that examines the emergence and formation of business ecosystem, especially in ICT industry. In essence, this study takes Cloud as the context to develop concepts on the emergence of business ecosystem and examine the manifestation of such evolution in the emerging business field.
Through extensive literature reviews and empirical interviews, the current study developed answers to the research question, “How do new business ecosystems emerge, in the context of Cloud computing?” at qualitative level. In general, it is considered in the study that business ecosystem is a type of more advanced business form emerged recently. It has the characteristics as follow: provision of value, integration with external partners, requiring multiple participants, shifting from individual to collaborative thinking, interdependence of the participants, value co-creation, co-petition, open innovation and shared fate of success or failure.
From a macro level viewpoint, the emergence of business ecosystem is the result of the continuous evolution of business forms, from linear type towards a more complex networked type. At a micro level, for an ecosystem to emerge in a given industry, it involves strategic design and appropriate execution. Furthermore, a set of critical elements need to be in the right place for a business ecosystem to emerge, which including: prerequisite conditions for ecosystem to emerge, external environmental and resource, shared vision, leadership of the ecosystem, common platform, mechanisms of the ecosystem, ecosystem healthiness, and IT infrastructure.
The study further suggests that the emergence of business ecosystem as a new business form is not out of luck or probability. It is a natural path that under governance of the evolution forces existing in the social-economic contexts, just as the evolution of all the living creatures in the natural environment. For this broader perspective, the emergence of ecosystem is inevitable due to the social-economic and technological driving forces.
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Folkersen, Maja. "Ecosystem Valuation of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems in the South Pacific Islands." Thesis, Griffith University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/385544.
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One of the greatest challenges for sustaining the ecosystem services that we, as a society, derive from marine ecosystems is to minimize the knowledge gap relating to marine ecosystem values. That is, identifying, eliciting and understanding the economic value of the ecosystem services that marine systems provide for societies world-wide is key to ensuring sustainable resource use and environmental management of these ecosystems. This is particularly problematic for the ecosystem services derived from the deep sea as a tremendous knowledge gap exists for the many marine ecosystems that comprise the deep sea. Addressing this gap in knowledge may, directly and indirectly, facilitate actionable strategies for successful climate change adaptation and reduce the degradation of these important marine ecosystems.
Estimating values for certain types of marine ecosystem services in particular the deep sea is imperative for understanding the economic trade-offs associated with human actions and resource use of marine resources. Identifying, exploring and understanding the economic benefits and costs associated with the human resource use of marine systems is also crucial for circumventing irreversible damage to ecosystems, and for addressing the growing problem of ecosystem degradation of marine ecosystems. However, a knowledge gap remains in terms of eliciting and understanding how vulnerable marine ecosystems, such as coral reefs and the deep-sea, generate economic value to local economies, and for societies on a global scale.
By employing a variety of quantitative and qualitative methodologies, this thesis explores the economic value of the ecosystems of coral reefs and the deep-sea, respectively. The thesis investigates various aspects of the economic contribution of these ecosystems, namely: (i) the local economic contribution of ) Fiji's coral reefs to tourism; and ii) the economic value of the deep- sea's ecosystems to human societies, globally. Moreover, it discusses the importance of exploring the social and non-monetary value of coral reefs to human well-being in the South Pacific Island Countries (SPICs). The research of this thesis therefore constitutes a genuine contribution to understanding how changes in these marine ecosystems impact on economies and human well-being, now and in the future. Although the full extent to which ecosystem degradation of marine ecosystems will impact economies and societies globally remains uncertain, its impacts are already being witnessed, e.g. through ocean acidification, sea-level rise, reduced fish stocks and changing environmental conditions. In turn, these impacts affect human survival and well-being by negatively impacting fishery incomes, food security and coastal protection in many countries around the world. Action and investment plans for reducing the ecosystem degradation of marine systems are urgently needed to protect the value of those ecosystem services to human societies. Deepening our understanding of marine ecosystems' economic contributions constitutes a crucial component of facilitating action plans and investments for sustainable resource use and development.
Valuation of vulnerable marine ecosystems is important for several reasons. First, valuation of an ecosystem's contribution to society demonstrates the importance of that ecosystem for social stability, economic growth and human well-being, thereby
improving public awareness of that ecosystem's significance. Second, ecosystem valuation can inform policy and decision-making for future conservation programs and legislation pertaining to the human use of marine resources. Third, ecosystem valuation
creates important incentives to invest in the protection of marine systems as it outlines the connection between the ecological functioning of marine systems on the one hand, and economic output and stability on the other hand. Fourth, ecosystem valuation can also raise awareness about the importance of protecting biodiversity. Finally, ecosystem valuation of marine ecosystems is especially important for supporting decision-making related to the resource-use of marine ecosystems for which very limited information exists on their economic contribution.
The thesis starts with an introduction and a literature review of the main themes and concepts along with the problems, challenges and opportunities associated with the ecosystem valuation of coral reefs and the deep-sea. Subsequently, the research studies of this thesis, which constitutes chapters 2, 3, 4 and 5 are presented. Specifically, chapter 2 explores the economic impacts of future (hypothetical) deep-sea mining activities on Fiji's tourism industry, through a contingent behaviour study; chapter 3 discusses the need for developing non-monetary and social ecosystem valuation methodology in order to elicit marine ecosystems' importance for human well-being in the SPICs; chapter 4 explores current knowledge about the deep-sea's economic value through a systematic review and meta-analysis; and chapter 5 identifies the four main priorities for future
ecosystem valuation, policy-making and research pertaining to the deep-sea.
This thesis makes a small but significant contribution to the knowledge base of the economic value of the ecosystems of coral reefs and the deep-sea, respectively, and to developing future ecosystem valuation by means of introducing the social willingness-to commit (Social WTCommit) technique. Finally, this thesis can contribute to policy-making, decision-making and legislation pertaining to the deep-sea and coral reefs, locally and globally.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Dept Account,Finance & Econ
Griffith Business School
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Linnik, J. "Human ecosystems." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8175.
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Briscoe, Gerard. "Digital ecosystems." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/6158.
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We view Digital Ecosystems to be the digital counterparts of biological ecosystems, which are considered to be robust, self-organising and scalable architectures that can automatically solve complex, dynamic problems. So, this work is concerned with the creation, investigation, and optimisation of Digital Ecosystems, exploiting the self-organising properties of biological ecosystems. First, we created the Digital Ecosystem, a novel optimisation technique inspired by biological ecosystems, where the optimisation works at two levels: a first optimisation, migration of agents which are distributed in a decentralised peer-to-peer network, operating continuously in time; this process feeds a second optimisation based on evolutionary computing that operates locally on single peers and is aimed at finding solutions to satisfy locally relevant constraints. We then investigated its self-organising aspects, starting with an extension to the definition of Physical Complexity to include the evolving agent populations of our Digital Ecosystem. Next, we established stability of evolving agent populations over time, by extending the Chli-DeWilde definition of agent stability to include evolutionary dynamics. Further, we evaluated the diversity of the software agents within evolving agent populations, relative to the environment provided by the user base. To conclude, we considered alternative augmentations to optimise and accelerate our Digital Ecosystem, by studying the accelerating effect of a clustering catalyst on the evolutionary dynamics of our Digital Ecosystem, through the direct acceleration of the evolutionary processes. We also studied the optimising effect of targeted migration on the ecological dynamics of our Digital Ecosystem, through the indirect and emergent optimisation of the agent migration patterns. Overall, we have advanced the understanding of creating Digital Ecosystems, the self-organisation that occurs within them, and the optimisation of their Ecosystem-Oriented Architecture.
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Merkle, Andrea Hildegard. "Ecosystemic effect indicators to assess effects of agricultural landuse on ecosystems." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB9068825.
Full textBooks on the topic "Ecosystems"
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Rompella, Natalie. Ecosystems. Chicago, Ill: Heinemann Library, 2007.
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Vogt, Kristiina A., John C. Gordon, John P. Wargo, Daniel J. Vogt, Heidi Asbjornsen, Peter A. Palmiotto, Heidi J. Clark, et al. Ecosystems. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1908-8.
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Biskup, Agnieszka. Ecosystems. Oxford: Heinemann Library, 2011.
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Chernin, Douglas Herridge Barbara. Ecosystems. Vancouver: Gage Educational Pub., 1994.
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Finton, Nancy. Ecosystems. Washington, D.C: National Geographic, 2004.
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Pipe, Jim. Ecosystems. North Mankato, Minn: Stargazer Books, 2004.
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Housel, Debra J. Ecosystems. Minneapolis, Minn: Compass Point Books, 2009.
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1942-, Williams Peter, ed. Ecosystems. Toronto: GTK Press, 2001.
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Pipe, Jim. Ecosystems. Tunbridge Wells: Ticktock, 2008.
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Berglund, J., J. Boström, P. Clausen, L. Gamfeldt, H. Gundersen, K. Hancke, J. L. S. Hansen, et al. Biodiversity and ecosystem services in Nordic coastal ecosystems. Edited by T. Tunón. Copenhagen: Nordic Council of Ministers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/tn2018-532.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Ecosystems"
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Matthews, Nathanial, Wei Zhang, Andrew Reid Bell, and Lara Treemore-Spears. "Ecosystems and Ecosystem Services." In The Food-Energy-Water Nexus, 237–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29914-9_9.
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Perring, Michael P., Pete Manning, Richard J. Hobbs, Ariel E. Lugo, Cristina E. Ramalho, and Rachel J. Standish. "Novel Urban Ecosystems and Ecosystem Services." In Novel Ecosystems, 310–25. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118354186.ch38.
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Allen, Craig R., Joseph J. Fontaine, and Ahjond S. Garmestani. "Ecosystems ecosystem , Adaptive Management ecosystem adaptive management." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 3342–57. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_226.
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Harkiolakis, Nicholas. "Ecosystems." In Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility, 915–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28036-8_382.
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Bondyrev, Igor V., Zurab V. Davitashvili, and Vijay P. Singh. "Ecosystems." In World Regional Geography Book Series, 139–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05413-1_13.
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Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J., and Peter M. Vitousek. "Ecosystems." In Metabolic Ecology, 99–111. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119968535.ch9.
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Markandya, Anil, and Marcella Pavan. "Ecosystems." In Green Accounting in Europe — Four case studies, 199–202. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4597-8_24.
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Markandya, Anil, and Marcella Pavan. "Ecosystems." In Green Accounting in Europe — Four case studies, 260–67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4597-8_32.
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Markandya, Anil, and Marcella Pavan. "Ecosystems." In Green Accounting in Europe — Four case studies, 334–44. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4597-8_41.
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Markandya, Anil, and Marcella Pavan. "Ecosystems." In Green Accounting in Europe — Four case studies, 90–106. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4597-8_7.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Ecosystems"
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Dobrica, Liliana. "CONSIDERATIONS ON MODELING SERVICE ECOSYSTEMS." In eLSE 2018. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-18-112.
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Nowadays there is a trend of movement of many enterprises from product-driven business models towards networked service-centered business models for increasing their revenues and creating sustainable service ecosystems. A service ecosystem is a socio-technical complex system that enables service-based cooperation between entities. It consists of a nesting of infrastructures, institutions, service systems, and contexts. This paper discusses about the definition of the main architectural elements of service ecosystems and existent modeling approaches to achieve a required quality based on specific properties. It begins with the identification of the main challenges in this domain and addresses solutions that facilitate analysis and design of service ecosystem models including ecosystem infrastructure and knowledge repositories. It compares several definitions of ecosystems and related concepts used to provide service innovation and co-creation of value. Decision making in co-creative ecosystems is distributed both horizontally and vertically. Furthermore, lines of authority and governance structure are less distinct than in traditional views of business organizations. Joining an ecosystem requires interoperability knowledge. Under this perspective the paper discusses about knowledge management in an open context addressing specific ontological relationships between concepts. The importance of interoperability models has been recognized in the context of ecosystems and several levels have been introduced and defined. Among these can be mentioned conceptual, behavioral, semantic, communication and connection. The last part of the paper pays attention and analyses existent methods and tools for service ecosystem engineering. It discusses about and ecosystem architecture framework and a modeling methodology for creation of agile services engineering platforms.
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Almeida, Luciana, Cleidson Souza, Adailton Lima, and Rodrigo Reis. "A Case Study on the Usage of the Value Blueprint for Ecosystem Design." In XI Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas de Informação. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbsi.2015.5847.
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Ecosystems are an important aspect of today’s software business. Different companies aim to create an ecosystem around their products so that they can benefit from this. Unfortunately, creating such ecosystems is not an easy task. One of the few tools that can be used to facilitate this process is Adner’s Value Blueprint. This tool allows a company to identify the different types of risks that it faces during the establishment of an ecosystem. Adner presents several examples of blueprints he has built and provides some guidelines to create new ones. Given the potential of the approach in addressing some of the issues faced by ecosystem designers, we decided to assess the usage of the Value Blueprint through a case study using data from the Apple Watch ecosystem. We report our results from the Apple ecosystem, and more importantly, our evaluation of the value blueprint tool. We conclude by providing recommendations for practitioners interested in establishing their own ecosystems and researchers interested in the design of ecosystems.
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Dhungana, Deepak, Iris Groher, Elisabeth Schludermann, and Stefan Biffl. "Software ecosystems vs. natural ecosystems." In the Fourth European Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1842752.1842777.
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Marcinkevičiūtė, Lina, Jolanta Vilkevičiūtė, and Jan Zukovskis. "Legal and managerial solutions of public sector authorities for preserving ecosystem services of the lakes." In Research for Rural Development 2020. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.26.2020.022.
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Although the problem of ecosystem diversity loss is of a global nature, the measures to solve it must be implemented at the national level. As a member of the European Union, Lithuania needs to have a clear position regarding the application of proposed socio-economic measures. The problems of lake ecosystem utilisation analysed in the article are based on the scientific knowledge which complies with the specifics of regional natural environment. The aim of the article is to systematize scientific knowledge about modern lake ecosystem services by explaining the fundamental adaptation patterns of ecosystems and their components. The article provides a complex assessment of the services provided by lake ecosystems, reveals management problems related to optimization of the use of lake ecosystems, presents recommendations on the improvement of legislation related to lake ecosystem services, regulations for protected areas, management plans, etc.
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Schøtt, Thomas. "Born sustainable: Promoted by the Ecosystem for Sustainable Entrepreneurship." In 7th FEB International Scientific Conference. University of Maribor, University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.epf.3.2023.2.
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The institutions and resource endowments for entrepreneurial engagement with sustainability in a country are forming a ‘national ecosystem for sustainable entrepreneurship.’ The ecosystem for sustainable entrepreneurship is a context for businesses pursuing sustainability. Little is known, however, about the effect of the system on business pursuits of sustainability. We explored whether the ecosystem promotes businesses that are born sustainable in that they, from their start, are pursuing strategies and practices for sustainability. The national ecosystems for sustainable entrepreneurship in 47 countries, with a large representative sample of starting and operating businesses, were surveyed in 2021 by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Hypotheses about the effect of an ecosystem on business engagement with sustainability were tested by hierarchical linear modeling. Elaboration of national ecosystems for sustainable entrepreneurship is found to promote sustainability pursuits in newborn businesses more than in older businesses. This finding contributes to evidence-based theorizing of the nexus between entrepreneurial ecosystems and business pursuits of sustainability.
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Ahner, Lena, Benedikt Wohlmuth, and Nicole Gladilov. "Innovation Labs as Value Co-Creation Platforms in Research Ecosystems." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003137.
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Digititalisation has significantly altered economic structures and has increased the speed of innovation. One result of this development is that competition does no longer exclusively take place between individual organisations that offer similar products and services, but also between entire sectors and ecosystems that disrupt the usual value creation logic. Taking this ecosystem perspective into account, value creation is no longer limited to single organisations but increasingly requires interaction and cooperation between organistions. Focus shifts towards a value co-creation approach, in which companies create joint value propositions towards common target groups. Consequently, collaboration and coopetion are widely discussed themes within the business research agenda. However, in order to convince organisations to participate in a value co-creation ecosystem, there must be added value for the co-existing actors within the ecosystem. This is especially challenging when the added value cannot be directly measured in terms of revenue or monetary performance indicators. This often applies to research ecosystems or – more broadly – where the public sector is involved. In this context, academia is lacking insights on how inter-organisational interaction and value co-creation can be facilitated within the research ecosystem itself. At the same time, innovation labs have become increasingly popular for co-creating product and service innovations within the business context. The aim of this paper is to examine, whether and how the approach of innovation labs can act as platform for value co-creation in research ecosystems.Our research is based on a literature review in which we analyse and compare exisiting research on value creation in ecosystems and innovation labs. Focus will be laid on detecting reccuring themes and major concepts. In a subsequent step, casaul mapping will be applied in order to outline and examine the network and links between different key concepts. In addition, established concepts such as the Value Proposition Design as well as the Jobs-to-be-done theory will be examined for applicability to value co-creation ecosystems.This paper helps to establish deeper knowledge, facilitate theory development, and uncover blind spots in value co-creation in research ecosystems. Based on a literature review, a conceptual model will be derived, outlining networks and links between actors of the research ecosystem and how innovation labs can act as platform or nucleus within this research ecosystems in order to facilitate value co-creation. The identification of key concepts and connections between concepts will open up future research potential. By collecting empirical data in subsequent research endaveours, the model can be further developed and refined. Furthermore, exisiting literature gaps and blind spots in academia on research ecosystems are highlighted.
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Salminen, Vesa, Heikki Ruohomaa, and Minna Takala. "Future Ecosystem Ensuring Competitiveness in Continuous Co-Evolution." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002245.
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The world is changing rapidly, and it is difficult to form clear understanding of future challenges and opportunities. Continuous demand on sustainability, carbon neutrality, circular economy and life cycle material chain management has changed societies and all industries fast. However, sustainable development and competitiveness are always based on being economically viable and circular economy itself is an economic theory. The amount of usable data in business environment is at the same time exponentially increasing. Technology opportunities as well are prominent to use the data in managing by data for the purpose of business co-evolution. Competitive landscape is shifting from well-defined industries to broader ecosystems and traditional enterprise boundaries are breaking down. This also means for busines transition towards platform economy e.g. enterprise production lines to networked intelligent value chains and ecosystems. Companies need in this disruptive situation an ecosystem strategy and analysis, which type of business model they are utilizing. Businesses are networking and transforming into ecosystems, emphasizing the management of interface processes. It is essential to understand digital ecosystem supporting business co-evolution. Data is a valuable currency that gives fuel for innovation and data driven co-evolution. Capturing of new data from various sources and executing it in business in transition requires human- oriented data-driven business architecture and strategy alignment on that basis towards circular economy business model and continuous coevolution. Circular economy ecosystems are based on economic theory, and they are not working if they are not economically viable. The goal of this article is to identify and analyze the life cycle material flow in circular economy in different business areas and find various business models and similarities in business practices. At the same time, this article attempts to develop framework for the strategic management of complex change through sustainable co-evolution in order to achieve a competitive edge for companies.This research is partly constructive, conceptual and analytical, because it introduces pathway to ecosystem strategy and introduces experiences of applying different evolutionary circular economy business models. Data for this concept creation has been collected over several years on continuous flow from ten different regional applied research and development projects. The data sources have also been interviews and workshops executed during projects on foresight and scenario planning basis. The researchers have been able to participate on creation of several regional ecosystems. Researchers have contributed on ecosystem strategy planning, decision making and continuous development practices.The complexity of co-evolution is difficult to manage without ecosystem- based approach. A generic perception of this research is that successful ecosystem needs clear ecosystem strategy and should set up a shared vision and evolutionary roadmap to serve as basis for common value creation, co- operation and ecosystem leadership. All ecosystem players can focus attention of ecosystems in the value propositions that are being pursued, not in corporate identity. It is important to understand that ecosystem is value driven. Ecosystems are defined around the roles, positions, and flows across the partners that create a value proposition. Nearly all business fields and enterprises face the need for transition towards data- driven circular economy business model and continuous coevolution through digital ecosystem.
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Schiller, Victor. "Alternative Design Theories and the Temporal Nature of Top-Down Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Support Processes: Implications for Resource-Constrained Emerging Ecosystems in Transition." In New Business Models 2023. Maastricht University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.26481/mup.2302.06.
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Entrepreneurial Ecosystem (EE) research has explored bottom-up ecosystems that spontaneously appear then develop over time and top-down formed ecosystems deliberately established through organizational sponsorship designed to enable productive entrepreneurship. Despite the crucial role organizational sponsorship plays in entrepreneurial support activities, prior research has overlooked the critical design methods used to formulate the strategy and temporal dynamic factors required to establish and operate top-down emerging resource-constrained ecosystems. Specifically, in the year leading up to initial ecosystem launch, which design methods are used to determine entrepreneur support activities and timing, then what is modified during the first year of operation? Approaching top-down established ecosystems as operating entities and building on current EE theory along with a range of design theories, this study examines relevant literature with a focus on initial and ongoing operating strategy formulation. The findings argue that effectuation principles can be used to design emerging top-down ecosystems better and proposes a new fourth, temporal effectuation means principle to explain support activity introduction timing and sequencing. By doing so, this paper offers evidence and theoretical elaboration for an extended version of the effectuation concept to build emerging entrepreneurial ecosystems in uncertain resource-constrained locations. These findings could be particularly relevant to inner-city, migrant-based, remote, transition economies or economically/demographically declining regions with a desire to promote entrepreneurship.
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Razavi, Amir R., Paul J. Krause, and Abbas Strommen-Bakhtiar. "From business ecosystems towards digital business ecosystems." In 2010 4th IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies (DEST). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dest.2010.5610633.
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Juell, Owen, Emma Jordan, Keegan Schealer, Loni Graham-Ashby, and Pierce Graves. "Session 2.3 Examining the Effects of Elevation Dependent Warming on Mountain Ecosystems." In The 4th Global Virtual Conference of the Youth Environmental Alliance in Higher Education. Michigan Technological University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37099/mtu.dc.yeah-conference/dec2021/all-events/13.
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With current climate change trends, high elevation areas are being impacted by elevation dependent warming at increasing rates. Differential warming in mountain ecosystems has impacted biodiversity, animal behaviors and migrational patterns, fundamentally changing high elevation ecosystems and their ecosystem services. Due to difficulties accessing mountain ecosystems, research has been limited throughout the world, indicating the need for further investigation. We use data and findings from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, United Nations and other independent organizations to examine the changing functions of mountain ecosystems due to elevation dependent warming through the lens of UN Sustainable Development goal 15.4. SDG Theme: SDG 15- Life on land Type: Short talk (e.g. PowerPoint, Google Slides)
Reports on the topic "Ecosystems"
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Kotula, Hannah. Valuing forest ecosystem services in New Zealand. Motu Economic and Public Policy Research, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29310/wp.2022.11.
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Society depends on services and benefits provided by ecosystems. Yet, many of our actions affect ecosystems in ways that undermine long-term human wellbeing. Although ecosystems provide many services to society, many of these services are not accounted for in land-use decisions. The concept of “ecosystem services” offers a framework for understanding our dependence on nature and can encourage decision makers to consider broader impacts of land-use decisions beyond short-term economic rewards. Furthermore, economic valuation of ecosystem services offers a potential strategy for including the value of ecosystem services in decision making. Here I describe several ecosystem service frameworks and outline how these frameworks can inform land-use decisions, with a particular focus on those involving forests. I then describe methods for valuing ecosystem services. Following this, I provide examples relating to forest ecosystem services and draw conclusions based on existing valuation studies in New Zealand. My intention is to convey how an ecosystem service approach could be used in New Zealand to capture benefits provided by ecosystems that are often not accounted for in land-use decisions.
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Braga, María Isabel J. Integrating Freshwater Ecosystem Function and Services with Water Development Projects. Inter-American Development Bank, June 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008800.
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This paper describes the conditions necessary to harmonize project objectives with the conservation of freshwater ecosystems. It also provides information on how to incorporate freshwater ecosystem biodiversity, function, and services with water development projects. One sections of the papers presents a description of biodiversity in the context of freshwater ecosystems, including a short description of those ecosystems. Subsequent parts of the paper describe the recommended approach to harmonize water development projects and the freshwater ecosystem function, as well as the role of the Environmental Impact Assessments in this process, and potential impacts of different categories of water related projects.
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Davis, Jeffrey C., G. Wayne Minshall, Christopher T. Robinson, and Peter Landres. Monitoring wilderness stream ecosystems. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-70.
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D\'Addario, Josh. Mapping data ecosystems: methodology. Open Data Institute, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.61557/kigx6966.
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D\'Addario, Josh. Mapping data ecosystems: methodology. Open Data Institute, March 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.61557/tmsz1124.
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Biederman, Lori A., and W. Stanley Harpole. Biochar and Managed Perennial Ecosystems: Testing for Synergy in Ecosystem Function and Biodiversity. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2757.
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Biederman, Lori A., and W. Stanley Harpole. Biochar and Managed Perennial Ecosystems: Testing for Synergy in Ecosystem Function and Biodiversity. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-368.
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Hutchinson, Jade, Julian Droogan, Lise Waldek, and Brian Ballsun-Stanton. Violent Extremist & REMVE Online Ecosystems: Ecological Characteristics for Future Research & Conceptualization. RESOLVE Network, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/remve2022.5.
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Despite this increasing focus on violent extremist ecosystems in the online sphere, it is unclear the extent to which ecological terms in literature on extremism—and particularly literature focused on the online space—are empirically validated or even consistently used. Indeed, there remain fundamental gaps in understanding and defining what we mean when we discuss the ecology of violent extremism and online violent extremist ecosystems. These gaps have notable implications for defining what an online ecosystem actually is—including its characteristics, impact, scope, and reach—and identifying appropriate policy responses to address them. This is of particular importance in the context of the growing volume of studies looking at racially and ethnically motivated (REMVE) communities online and across multiple platforms. Based on findings from a structured literature review examining the use of terms “ecosystem” and “ecology” in terrorism and violent extremism studies and related disciplines, this research brief presents a list of ten ecological characteristics for further consideration by those working in research, policy, and practice focused on online violent extremist ecosystems. Brief examples are provided of how these characteristics might be conceptualized in research into REMVE online ecosystems, given the increased attention REMVE online ecosystems have garnered in recent years. This review of the literature indicates that the concepts and terms “ecosystem” and “ecology” have potential, if limited, analytical utility for policymakers and academics, beyond their descriptive and currently largely metaphorical use in the literature. Despite the clear limitations which accompany the translation of natural science terminology into terrorism and violent extremism studies, certain characteristics of ecosystems may present specific analytical perspectives useful to those seeking to address or study terrorism and violent extremism online. For instance, although digital environments are not true ecological systems in the biological sense, delineating and defining conceptual components of an ecosystem may provide a shared conception when used to describe how extremist violence emerges from online environments, or when used to interpret these descriptions in a policy and practice setting. Descriptive definitions and the proposed advantages and limitations of using characteristics related to ecosystems are addressed in the following sections.
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Murray, N. J., D. A. Keith, R. Tizard, A. Duncan, W. T. Htut, A. H. Oo, K. Z. Ya, and M. Grantham. Threatened ecosystems of Myanmar: An IUCN Red List of Ecosystems Assessment. Version 1. Wildlife Conservation Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19121/2019.report.37457.
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Brockway, Dale G., Kenneth W. Outcalt, Donald J. Tomczak, and Everett E. Johnson. Restoration of Longleaf Pine Ecosystems. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-gtr-83.
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