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1
Agrawal, Namit, Madhuri Banda, Anthony Marshall, Nipun Mehrotra, and Clifford Patrao. "How India can be essential to the global ecosystem economy." Strategy & Leadership 45, no. 4 (July 17, 2017): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sl-05-2017-0046.
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Purpose Outlines why India is poised to be a key partner in the global ecosystem economy Design/methodology/approach Researches the advantage India has and the steps it is taking to make itself a leaders in ecosystem businesses. Findings 54 percent of Indian executives expect ecosystems to replace traditional value chains with new value models. and 92 percent expect to change primary organizational activities due to the emergence of ecosystems. Practical implications To maximize and capture benefits from ecosystems, business, educational and government leaders can pursue three key steps to participate in rapidly emerging Indian business ecosystems. Originality/value This study puts together both the corporate and governmental actions that promote the right conditions for ecosystem entrepreneurship so that potential partners have a unique view of the opportunities to participate in this rapidly changing economy.
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Singh, Shiwangi, Akshay Chauhan, and Sanjay Dhir. "Analyzing the startup ecosystem of India: a Twitter analytics perspective." Journal of Advances in Management Research 17, no. 2 (November 18, 2019): 262–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jamr-08-2019-0164.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to use Twitter analytics for analyzing the startup ecosystem of India. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses descriptive analysis and content analytics techniques of social media analytics to examine 53,115 tweets from 15 Indian startups across different industries. The study also employs techniques such as Naïve Bayes Algorithm for sentiment analysis and Latent Dirichlet allocation algorithm for topic modeling of Twitter feeds to generate insights for the startup ecosystem in India. Findings The Indian startup ecosystem is inclined toward digital technologies, concerned with people, planet and profit, with resource availability and information as the key to success. The study categorizes the emotions of tweets as positive, neutral and negative. It was found that the Indian startup ecosystem has more positive sentiments than negative sentiments. Topic modeling enables the categorization of the identified keywords into clusters. Also, the study concludes on the note that the future of the Indian startup ecosystem is Digital India. Research limitations/implications The analysis provides a methodology that future researchers can use to extract relevant information from Twitter to investigate any issue. Originality/value Any attempt to analyze the startup ecosystem of India through social media analysis is limited. This research aims to bridge such a gap and tries to analyze the startup ecosystem of India from the lens of social media platforms like Twitter.
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Baqi, Ahmad Mudhofarul. "STRATEGI SOFT BALANCING INDIA DALAM PEMBLOKIRAN APLIKASI CINA." Indonesian Journal of International Relations 6, no. 2 (August 29, 2022): 287–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.32787/ijir.v6i2.399.
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This article aims to explain why India has banned 267 Chinese application amidst the escalation of the Ladakh border dispute. Rely on seconder data with explanative type research and adopt soft-balancing concept from T.V Paul about economic sanction and Robert A. Pape regarding economic strengthen. The results show that the Chinese apps banned are India's soft-balancing strategy toward China. Soft-Balancing strategy driven by capability disparity among India and China economically, military, and technologically. Soft-balancing strategy open the room for strengthening the Indian apps ecosystem. Strengthen the Indian apps Ecosystem through a recommendation of Indian apps to substitute the function of Chinese apps, held Digital India AatmaNirbhar Bharat Innovate Challenge to Indian apps developer, and launched AatmaNirbhar Bharat apps to support the self-reliance of Indian apps ecosystem.
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Ramachandra, T. V., V. Sincy, and K. S. Asulabha. "Accounting of Ecosystem Services of Wetlands in Karnataka State, India." Journal of Resources, Energy and Development 18, no. 1-2 (October 3, 2022): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/red-181201.
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Wetlands are productive ecosystems, providing an array of services that sustain the well-being of dependent biota. Post industrialization and globalization era witnessed a spurt in the anthropogenic activities, leading to the degradation and decline of fragile ecosystems. This necessitates the conservation of vital ecosystems through sustainable management tenets, this requires an understanding of the livelihood support of ecosystems. The focus of the study, discussed in this article, is to understand the worth of wetlands through the accounting of provisioning, regulating, and cultural services. The provisioning services through accounting of tangible benefits (fish, fodder, water, etc.) considering residual values indicate an annual revenue of INR49.70 billion. Similarly, accounting of non-use values of ecosystems through the benefit transfer method indicates regulating and cultural services support of INR196.89 billion and INR37.93 billion per year, respectively. The annual flow of the total ecosystem supply value accounts for INR284.52 billion per year and the net present value (NPV) amounts to INR7320.6 billion, signifying the ecological, socio-cultural, and environmental support wetland provides to ecosystems in Karnataka. Appraisal of ecosystem services allows for adjusted national accounts, which reflect the output of ecosystem services as well as the depletion of natural resources and the degradation costs (externalized costs of the loss of ecosystem services) of ecosystems in economic terms, which will help raise awareness and provide a quantitative tool to evaluate the sustainability of policies towards prudent management and conservation of fragile livelihood-supporting ecosystems. The monetary valuation of ecosystem services can help in building a better understanding of their influence on well-being and can further facilitate information-driven decisions and policy reforms that align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through the judicious use of natural resources.
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Manjurmahammad, Dedhrotiya. "Wetlands of India with Reference to Ecosystem Wealth, Threats and Management." International Journal of Zoological Investigations 08, no. 02 (2022): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33745/ijzi.2022.v08i02.021.
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India has an unusual wealth of wetland ecosystems. Wetlands are established as passages between land and water ecosystem. They donate versatile benefits, especially in the field of the ecosystem, economy and scenic beauty. They are fertile ecosystems that help elective and special biodiversity and habitats and famous for their divergent welfares and courtesies. These ecosystems do not only enhance agricultural impacts on the environment but also provide ecosystem benefits to human society and are under prodigious stress due to industrial pollution, agricultural and urbanization, tourism and fisheries and many more. The present review is focused on the value of wetlands, providing distribution of wetlands and major threats to wetland. It also provides information on how a series of works had been done to save this vulnerable ecosystem.
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Reshchikova, M. S. "Drivers and Limitations of the Indian Startup Industry." MGIMO Review of International Relations 16, no. 3 (July 3, 2023): 263–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2023-3-90-263-297.
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This paper addresses the effectiveness of a state-supported startup ecosystem in India in the context of economic and social development challenges. By conducting a detailed study of Indian entrepreneurs, investors, and relevant government documents pertaining to startup ecosystem development programs, as well as reports from research and analytical centers providing key industry indicators, the author concludes that the current startup ecosystem in India, despite several achievements, lacks effectiveness due to persistent challenges of administrative and regulatory nature, as well as socio-economic factors. The unprecedented growth witnessed in this sector in 2021 has highlighted existing problems, demonstrating the inability to establish a sustainable support mechanism for startups while disregarding the limitations that hinder the entrepreneurial and consumer potential of the Indian economy. The findings of this research showcase the immense potential of the Indian startup industry, which undoubtedly serves as a driving force for economic development in India, despite its vulnerability to certain elements. The experiences of India, including the challenges encountered in building a robust startup ecosystem, can provide valuable insights for other countries such as Russia.
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J. Dinakaran, J. Dinakaran, N. S. Abbas N. S. Abbas, Sujata Bhardwaj, and Babeeta C. Kaula. "Soil Carbon Sequestration Potential of Terrestrial Ecosystems: Trends And Soil Priming Effects." Current World Environment 17, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.17.1.14.
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Carbon sequestration in the terrestrial ecosystems by forest and agricultural management activities is being considered the best sustainable method to diminish the increasing concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). This paper presents soil carbon sequestration potential of terrestrial ecosystem and the concept of soil priming effect. According to forest survey of India, the carbon stock of Indian forests increased at the rate of 0.3% as compared to the previous assessment, i.e., from 2017 to 2019. Indian forests soils are a reservoir of 7124.6 million tonnes of carbon and they still have high potential to store more carbon. As per soil carbon 4 mille concepts, India must intensify the process of afforestation, land restoration, and agricultural management practices to increase the soil carbon storage, i.e., up to 0.4%. However, organic manure amendments or a fresh supply of carbon substrates via. rhizodeposits into the rainfed or irrigated lands changes the microbial communities and may decompose the already stored soil carbon, i.e., positive priming effect. Thus, accurate measurement of soil organic carbon (SOC) content in various types of ecosystems like forest, agricultural land, desert, agroforest, and plantation is still crucial to ascertain how much they can help to reduce the increasing concentration of atmospheric CO2.
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Chittaragi, Amoghavarsha, Ganesha R. Naik, Devanna Pramesh, Manjunatha K. Naik, Raghunandana A, Chidanandappa E, Sharanabasav Huded, Saddamhusen Alase, and Chethana BS. "Prevalence and distribution of rice blast disease in different rice ecosystems of Karnataka, India." Oryza-An International Journal on Rice 59, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 330–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.8.
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Rice is the most widely consumed cereal staple food for a significant part of the world, particularly in Asia. The Karnataka state of India is one of the highest rice producers, and it has a varied rice ecosystem from irrigated plains to rainfed hilly areas. The rice blast occurs at different severity in these ecosystems causing significant losses each year. The roving survey was carried out in the 120 villages of 18 districts distributed under five irrigated and two rainfed ecosystems of Karnataka during Kharif -2019. Within the irrigated ecosystems, the highest PDI was observed in the Kavery (50.85), followed by Varada (45.89), Bhadra (45.82), Tungabhadra (11.13), and Upper Krishna (10.58) command areas. In a rainfed ecosystem, the highest PDI was observed in the hilly ecosystem (53.38) and the least in the coastal ecosystem (3.73). Within 18 districts, the lowest PDI was observed in the Gadag district (1.68) of the Thungabhadra ecosystem, and the highest was observed in the Chikkamagalur district (81.60) of the hilly ecosystem. The disease was severe in the rainfed hilly ecosystem, followed by an irrigated and rainfed coastal ecosystem. This information is helpful in formulating the management strategies of rice blast in different rice ecosystems of Karnataka.
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Parthasarathy, Utpala, and O. P. Nandakishore. "Morphological Characterisation of Some Important Indian Garcinia Species." Dataset Papers in Science 2014 (April 23, 2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/823705.
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The genus Garcinia has over 200 species distributed in the tropics of the world. About 35 species occur in India, many of which are endemic and economically important with immense medicinal properties. However, lack of awareness, coupled with habitat destruction, leads to genetic erosion of this forest resource and many species are threatened. The Indian Institute of Spices Research (IISR), Calicut, has Garcinia genetic resources’ collection of 15 species of Western Ghats and Eastern Himalaya species. The morphological characterisation of the species of these two different eco systems indicates that there are variations within the species of the same ecosystem while there are similarities in the species of two different ecosystems.
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Mansi, Mansi, Rakesh Pandey, and Carolyn Stringer. "Biodiversity reporting in India: a view from the top." Corporate Ownership and Control 12, no. 1 (2014): 418–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv12i1c4p5.
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The purpose of this study is to explore the biodiversity reporting practices inside Indian companies. Biodiversity reporting studies across Indian companies are important because India has a wealth of biodiversity assets, that is, wildlife, flora, fauna, natural habitats, rare and endangered species and biological resources, and accounts for 7.8% of the global recorded species (Biological Diversity Act, the Biodiversity Rules, Andhra Pradesh Biodiversity Board, 2009). There are approximately 45,500 species of plants, 91,200 species of animals and 5,550 microbial species documented in India (National Biodiversity Authority, 2014). The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has listed 132 species of animals and plants in the Critically Endangered Category (Sudhi, 2012). To date, the literature omits to explore the biodiversity reporting practices inside Indian companies. Another important reason to conduct is this study is that India has alarming population levels; thus there is a huge demand for land, energy, and resources, which leads to massive biodiversity loss, deforestation, and habitat destruction. It is very likely that with the limited land mass and increasing population in India, several ecosystems, wildlife, flora and fauna will be/have been exploited, disturbed, and endangered. Given the high potential impact on biodiversity by industries, we are concerned that there is a dearth of biodiversity reporting studies within the Indian subcontinent. We concentrate on the largest companies (based on market capitalisation) because similar to Van Liempd and Busch (2013), we also expect that the largest companies have the greatest impact on biodiversity; therefore, they are expected to show more accountability to their stakeholders. Therefore it is worth exploring how Indian companies are engaging in biodiversity reporting practices (e.g. biodiversity conservation, biodiversity protection, habitat and ecosystem conservation); and whether these organisations are disclosing their impact(s) (both in quantity and quality) on biodiversity (such as wildlife, flora and fauna). Moreover, India has also been classified as one of 17 mega-diversity countries by The World Conservation Monitoring Centre which account for more than 70% of the planet’s species (Williams, 2001). All these reasons make this study timely and important.
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Blanco, Eduardo, Maibritt Pedersen Zari, Kalina Raskin, and Philippe Clergeau. "Urban Ecosystem-Level Biomimicry and Regenerative Design: Linking Ecosystem Functioning and Urban Built Environments." Sustainability 13, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13010404.
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By 2050, 68% of the world’s population will likely live in cities. Human settlements depend on resources, benefits, and services from ecosystems, but they also tend to deplete ecosystem health. To address this situation, a new urban design and planning approach is emerging. Based on regenerative design, ecosystem-level biomimicry, and ecosystem services theories, it proposes designing projects that reconnect urban space to natural ecosystems and regenerate whole socio-ecosystems, contributing to ecosystem health and ecosystem services production. In this paper, we review ecosystems as models for urban design and review recent research on ecosystem services production. We also examine two illustrative case studies using this approach: Lavasa Hill in India and Lloyd Crossing in the U.S.A. With increasing conceptualisation and application, we argue that the approach contributes positive impacts to socio-ecosystems and enables scale jumping of regenerative practices at the urban scale. However, ecosystem-level biomimicry practices in urban design to create regenerative impact still lack crucial integrated knowledge on ecosystem functioning and ecosystem services productions, making it less effective than potentially it could be. We identify crucial gaps in knowledge where further research is needed and pose further relevant research questions to make ecosystem-level biomimicry approaches aiming for regenerative impact more effective.
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ANSARI, KAPULI GANI MOHAMED THAMEEMUL, and PUNYASLOKE BHADURY. "An updated species checklist for free-living marine nematodes from the world’s largest mangrove ecosystem, Sundarbans." Zootaxa 4290, no. 1 (July 6, 2017): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4290.1.11.
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The present study provides an updated species checklist for free-living marine nematode species from the world’s largest contiguous mangrove ecosystem, the Sundarbans (India and Bangladesh). The species checklist includes information available from Sundarbans from the 1950s to the present (2016), using the most recent taxonomic classification of nematodes. The species list contains 179 species in 84 genera and 29 families. Four families, Xyalidae (22 species), Linhomoeidae (18 species), Desmodoridae (16 species) and Chromadoridae (15 species) were most speciose. The genera Halalaimus (9 species), Sabatieria and Daptonema (8 species each) were most species rich; 50 genera were represented by just a single species. Six species are new distributional records for Indian waters. The species checklist is the most extensive list of free-living marine nematodes from the Sundarbans mangrove ecosystem to date and provides a framework for studying biogeography of free-living marine nematodes from mangrove ecosystems globally.
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Raghunathan, C., T. Mondal, and K. Chandra. "Invasion and potential risks of introduced exotic aquatic species in Indian islands." Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 24, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/aehm.024.02.11.
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Abstract India is endowed with a wide range of ecosystems, of which oceanic island ecosystems viz. Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep are unique and ecologically fragile because of the high degree of endemism in species composition. Altogether 25 species under different faunal groups such as cnidarians, polychaetes, cirripedes, mollusks, and ascidians are reported as invasive species in Indian islands, of which 24 species are found in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, while 4 species are available in Lakshadweep. Ship-mediated invasions, especially ballast water discharge and ship-hull fouling, are the major source of invasions as these islands are located in the vicinity of the international sea route. In the present paper, we have represented these non-native species of fauna and flora to discriminate and identify them as non-native or invasive. This study deals with the diversity and distribution of aquatic invasive species in islands and their detrimental impact on the island ecosystem.
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Goroshi, S. K., R. P. Singh, R. Pradhan, and J. S. Parihar. "Assessment of net primary productivity over India using Indian geostationary satellite (INSAT-3A) data." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-8 (November 28, 2014): 561–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-8-561-2014.
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Polar orbiting satellites (MODIS and SPOT) have been commonly used to measure terrestrial Net Primary Productivity (NPP) at regional/global scale. Charge Coupled Device (CCD) instrument on geostationary INSAT-3A platform provides a unique opportunity for continuous monitoring of ecosystem pattern and process study. An <i>improved</i> Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach (<i>i</i>CASA) model is one of the most expedient and precise ecosystem models to estimate terrestrial NPP. In this paper, an assessment of terrestrial NPP over India was carried out using the iCASA ecosystem model based on the INSAT CCD derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) with multisource meteorological data for the year 2009. NPP estimated from the INSAT CCD followed the characteristic growth profile of most of the vegetation types in the country. NPP attained maximum during August and September, while minimum in April. Annual NPP for different vegetation types varied from 1104.55 gC m<sup>−2</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> (evergreen broadleaf forest) to 231.9 gC m<sup>−2</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> (grassland) with an average NPP of 590 gC m<sup>−2</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>. We estimated 1.9 PgC of net carbon fixation over Indian landmass in 2009. Biome level comparison between INSAT derived NPP and MODIS NPP indicated a good agreement with the Willmott’s index of agreement (d) ranging from 0.61 (Mixed forest) to 0.99 (Open Shrubland). Our findings are consistent with the earlier NPP studies in India and indicate that INSAT derived NPP has the capability to detect spatial and temporal variability of terrestrial NPP over a wide range of terrestrial ecosystems in India. Thus INSAT-3A data can be used as one of the potential satellite data source for accurate biome level carbon estimation in India.
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Arya, Ashish Kumar, Kamal Kant Joshi, Archana Bachheti, and Deepti. "A review on distribution and importance of wetlands in the perspective of India." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 12, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 710–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v12i4.2412.
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Biodiversity is not equally distributed across the world. It depends on the type of various habitats and food availability. In these habitats, wetlands play an import role to increase the biodiversity of the particular area. Many studies have focused on various habitats to conserve biodiversity. However, the wetland studies are very few due to the lack of information on their distribution and importance. The present review focusses on the wetland status and their importance in India. India has vibrant and diverse wetland ecosystems that support immense biodiversity. The wetlands are unique habitats which provide ecological, social and economic values. However, rapid urbanization, industrialization and uncontrolled agricultural practices have pressurized to shrink the wetlands in India. The present paper highlights the wetland habitats in India with their geographical location, distribution, avian species diversity and their significance. The paper also discusses the growing threats like climate change, land-use change and agriculture/ municipal waste to the wetlands and the conservation efforts by Indian government policies, i.e. National Wetland Conservation Programme, National Environmental Policy, and National Plan for conservation of the aquatic ecosystem. In addition, on the basis of previous studies on wetlands, it is suggested that the role of stakeholders is very much responsible for wetland conservation.
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A, Raghunandana, Gururaj Sunkad, Raghavendra BT, Manoj K. Yadav, Yanjeerappa ST, Harischandra Naik R, Badariprasad PR, and Pramesh D. "Severity and distribution of bacterial leaf blight of rice in different rice growing ecosystems of Karnataka state of India." Oryza-An International Journal on Rice 60, no. 2 (June 28, 2023): 297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.35709/ory.2023.60.2.7.
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Bacterial leaf blight of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae has posed a major threat to production-oriented farming in recent years. The yield losses caused by this pathogen are as high as 70 to 80 per cent based on the severity of the disease. A random survey was carried out in the major rice-growing ecosystem of Karnataka viz., Bhadra, Coastal, Hilly, Kaveri, Tunga Bhadra project (TBP) and Upper Krishna project (UKP) ecosystems of Karnataka during Kharif 2019. Among all the surveyed ecosystems, the highest mean per cent disease index (PDI) of 52.60 was observed in the Bhadra ecosystem, followed by 43.67 PDI in the TBP ecosystem, and the lowest PDI of 31.08 was observed under the Kaveri ecosystem. However, moderate disease severity in the range of 31.82 to 33.79 was observed under the UKP and Hilly ecosystems of Karnataka. Among the surveyed districts, the highest disease severity (62.04 PDI) was observed in Shivamogga, followed by Gadag (52.17 PDI) and Ballari (52.87 PDI) districts, and the least severity of 20.72 PDI was observed in Raichur district. However, there was no disease severity in the Coastal ecosystem of Karnataka. The disease was severe in commercial rice-growing regions compared to those where the traditional varieties were grown. The moderate rainfall areas like Bhadra and TBP ecosystem were more severely infected with BLB than the severe rainfall area like the coastal ecosystem. The present study has identified the risk-prone areas of BLB in different rice ecosystems of Karnataka.
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Jose, Alex Chembakassery, Puthoor Pattammal Sudhin, Prejith Madasseril Prasad, and Kalpuzha Ashtamoorthy Sreejith. "Spider Diversity in Kavvayi River Basin, Kerala, Southern India." Current World Environment 13, no. 1 (April 20, 2018): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.13.1.10.
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Kavvayi river basin is a typical lateritic biotope situated in the Northern part of Kerala, which holds various ecological units such as lateritic vegetation, agro-ecosystems, seasonal pools, Grass lands, Kanams, Sacred groves, Mangrove marsh and riparian vegetation. Many of these microhabitats are unique in character and poorly documented. A preliminary study was conducted to document the diversity of spider fauna inhabiting in the different ecosystems of Kavvayi river basins. India is having 1,686 species of spiders belonging to 60 families and 438 genera, which constitutes 3.6% of world’s spider population. The present study resulted in the documentation of 112 species of spiders belonging to 81 genera and 21 families. Araneidae was the most dominant family which constitutes 21.5% of the total spider species collected. The second dominant family was Salticidae which constitutes 19.5% of total spider population. Guild structure analysis of the collected spiders revealed seven feeding guilds, namely stalkers, orb web builders, ambushers, foliage runners, space web builders, ground runners and wandering sheet weavers. The spider fauna of this ecosystem is qualitatively rich due to varied microhabitats, which supports high floral and faunal diversity. The present study suggests a detailed investigation at ecosystem level to understand the role of spiders in ecosystem function.
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Bhagawati, Sudhansu, Badal Bhattacharyya, Binoy K. Medhi, Snigdha Bhattacharjee, and Himangshu Mishra. "Diversity of Soil Dwelling Collembola in a Forest, Vegetable and Tea Ecosystems of Assam, India." Sustainability 13, no. 22 (November 16, 2021): 12628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132212628.
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Land use change has a great impact in determining the diversity patterns of soil fauna. Adoption of any land use pattern significantly affects the soil structure and its physico-chemical characteristics, which often leads to the loss of biodiversity. Considering the collembolans as the key organism in the indicator shopping basket of soil environment, the response of Collembola communities under three different land uses represented by forest, vegetable and tea ecosystems was studied. Collembolans were sampled at monthly intervals using Tullgren funnel and identified by standard taxonomic keys. Diversity analysis and soil chemo-edaphic factors were studied to establish the impact of different land uses on Collembola communities. Five genera of Collembola viz., Cyphoderus, Entomobrya, Isotoma, Folsomia and Hypogastrura were recorded from the forest ecosystem whereas Folsomia was completely absent in vegetable ecosystem and the tea ecosystem soil was devoid of both Folsomia and Hypogastrura. Seasonal diversity and density of Collembola were recorded to be higher in the forest ecosystem indicating the presence of relatively stable habitats as compared to vegetable and tea ecosystems showing relatively disturbed habitats. Correlation studies between different chemo-edaphic factors and collembolan population revealed that the moisture and organic carbon content of soil had significant positive correlation during all the four seasons in all the ecosystems studied. Higher adoption of mechanical and chemo-centric agriculture depletes the available resources of the soil and makes it less habitable and conducive for the growth and sustenance of collembolans in vegetable and tea ecosystem as compared to forest. Appropriate landscape planning, land management strategies and developing proper methods of land use practices may pave the way for the improvement of collembolan diversity at landscape level.
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Saura, José Ramón, Ana Reyes-Menéndez, Nelson deMatos, and Marisol B. Correia. "Identifying Startups Business Opportunities from UGC on Twitter Chatting: An Exploratory Analysis." Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research 16, no. 6 (June 26, 2021): 1929–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jtaer16060108.
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The startup business ecosystem in India has experienced exponential growth. The amount of investment in Indian startups in the last decade demonstrates the strong interest of the technology industry to these business models based on innovation. In this context, the present study aims to identify investment opportunities for investors in Indian startups by identifying key indicators that characterize the startup ecosystem in India. To this end, a three steps data mining method is developed using data mining techniques. First, a sentiment analysis (SA), a machine learning approach that classifies the topics into groups expressing feelings, is applied to a dataset. Next, we develop a Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model, a topic-modeling technique that divides the sample of n = 14.531 tweets from Twitter into topics, using user-generated content (UGC) as data. Finally, in order to identify the characteristics of each topic we apply textual analysis (TA) to identify key indicators. The originality of the present study lies in the methodological process used for data analysis. Our results also contribute to the literature on startups. The results demonstrate that the Indian startup ecosystem is influenced by areas such as fintech, innovation, crowdfunding, hardware, funds, competition, artificial intelligence, augmented reality and electronic commerce. Of note, in view of the exploratory approach of the present study, the results and implications should be taken as descriptive, rather than determining for future investments in the Indian startup ecosystem.
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Halder, Souma. "ndian Entrepreneurial Ecosystem: A Study." JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC ADVANCEMENT 1, no. 2 (2022): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.58574/jaa.2022.v1.i2.03.
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Entrepreneurship does not exist in a vacuum (Moore, 1993). A business unit to start and survive in an economy is dependent upon certain elements/factors operating in the environment concerned. ‘Environment of entrepreneurship’ is referred to here as the Entrepreneurial Ecosystem (EE). An extensive study of literature indicates Finance, Human Capital, Incubators and Accelerators, Regulatory framework (including Infrastructure) and Culture as the most essential components of an environmental ecosystem. Developing and maintaining a strong entrepreneurship ecosystem is a priority for any government. This is truer for a developing nation like India with a population of around 1.38 billion with nearly 40 per cent aged 13 to 35 years (youth) standing on the verge of starting employment. However, the unemployment rate of India is standing at 8.30 per cent in September 2022. In the absence of ample job opportunities, encouraging entrepreneurship is the only way out for steady economic growth. In this context, our study revolves around understanding and evaluating the components of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the Indian context
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Majumdar, Agnibha Das, and Anannya Das. "Positive Impact of COVID19 on Indian Ecosystem: A Brief Review." American Journal of Physical Sciences and Applications 1, no. 3 (July 1, 2020): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15864/ajps.1304.
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In the present days, COVID-19 (SARS-Cov-2) has a serious issue and has created many challenges not only in the medical research but also in human life style. This virus has spread out within India also after originated from China and the rate of transmission inrease day by day. India has seen over 8 lakh cases of infections and over 20,000 cases of death till first week of July, 2020. Government of India has announced absolute lockdown to reduce the transmission rate. The present review study indicates a comparative study on the natural activity regarding the air and the water pollution before and after this lockdown. The study has presented the literature about the variation of concentration of pollutant in the air and water. The studies have been conducted and explained the scenario of the Indian ecology.
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Purkayastha, Debapratim, Trilochan Tripathy, and Biswajit Das. "Understanding the ecosystem of microfinance institutions in India." Social Enterprise Journal 16, no. 3 (February 28, 2020): 243–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sej-08-2019-0063.
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Purpose This paper aims to build upon the various studies conducted on the ecosystem and expands the understanding of the ecosystem of microfinance institutions (MFIs) in India. The discussions in this essay entail a literature review that analyzes the discourse on the ecosystem of MFIs, and based on this an attempt has been made to conceptually design a model for the ecosystem of MFIs in India. Design/methodology/approach The authors design the “Indian microfinance ecosystem model” based on the actors in the broader financial ecosystem (Bloom and Dees, 2008; Ledgerwood and Gibson, 2013) and the capital infrastructure and the context-setting factors of the social entrepreneurship ecosystem (Dees et al., 2008) that best describes the Indian MFI scenarios. Findings The ecosystem of MFIs in India is found to be very complicated. The interactions among numerous actors – who are core product or service providers, facilitators, client, beneficiaries, resource providers, competitors, complementary organizations, regulators, opponents and influential bystanders. The authors also observed that the capital infrastructure and context-setting factors such as policy, politics, media, economic and social conditions are equally crucial for the MFIs to survive and flourish. Moreover, the ecosystem is also dynamic and could change with the environmental conditions and entry of new entrants into the ecosystem. Research limitations/implications Understanding the ecosystem of MFIs from the strategic perspective would also be of interest to stakeholders such as donors, investors, banks, government and so on. For MFIs, knowing their place in the ecosystem is an essential step in determining their strategy. Practical implications Understanding the elements of the ecosystem would help MFIs to assess whether they have achieved the minimum critical environmental conditions in the ecosystem for their business model to succeed. Social implications Better understanding of the ecosystem will help create social benefits through better service delivery to the low-income population. Originality/value Expands the existing business ecosystem literature by extending it to the social policy, social entrepreneurship and more specifically to the microfinance sector. Fills a void in ecosystem literature by designing a comprehensive ecosystem model of MFIs in India. Understanding the ecosystem would help market system actors and facilitators to understand what they have to do to achieve their objectives of participating in the ecosystem. Knowing their place in the ecosystem is an essential step in determining what they should do and how they should do it. In addition to MFIs, it could have important implications for policymakers, particularly the government, that are trying to achieve financial inclusion.
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K, Haridas, Surya Prakash, and Naveen K. "Start-ups in india- retrospect and prospects." Journal of Management and Science 9, no. 3 (December 30, 2019): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/jms.2019.18.
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A startup ecosystem is formed by people, startups in their various stages and various types of organizations in a location (physical or virtual), interacting as asystem to create and scale new startup companies. These organizations can be further divided into categories such as universities, funding organizations, support organizations research organizations, service provider organizations and large corporations.The start of 2016 witnessed the launch of the Start-up India initiative and a multitude of policies announced to help accelerate the growth of India’s startup ecosystem. The year witnessed the overall tech start-up base in India cross 4750,having grown at 10-12% . Indian start-up ecosystem also became more prudent with both investors and start-up founders focusing on profitability and optimizing the overall spend.
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Dr.Geeta J. "GREEN INTIATIVES OF INDIAN STARTUPS TO ACHIEVE SUSTAINABILITY – A STEP FORWARD." international journal of engineering technology and management sciences 7, no. 2 (2023): 884–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2023.v07i02.099.
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Globally, with the thrust on sustainability and the corporates world over joining the fight against climate crisis, Indian startups are not far behind. With the Government intiative for startup India intended to catalyze the startup culture and to build strong ecosystem, the Government of India has taken various measures. The Indian startups are doing their part to save the globe by producing sustainable products. Startups create jobs and thus act as vehicles of socio economic development and thereby contributing to the larger economy by creating more employment opportunities and and which in turn leads to stronger economy.
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Iyengar, Arvind, and Sundri Parchani. "Like Community, Like Language: Seventy-Five Years of Sindhi in Post-Partition India." Journal of Sindhi Studies 1, no. 1 (November 12, 2021): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26670925-bja10002.
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Abstract Since Partition, the Sindhi language in India has frequently been written off by scholars and laypersons alike, citing supposed linguistic corruption, ever-shrinking domains of use, and near-obsolescence in written form. However, census figures have consistently registered an increase in Sindhi speakers in India over the last seven decades. This article argues for a fresh approach to analyzing the journey of Sindhi in post-Partition India to explain this apparent discrepancy. It adopts a language-ecological perspective and evaluates salient grammatical, sociolinguistic, and script-related changes in Indian Sindhi over the last seventy-five years. The article maintains that these changes represent structurally and sociolinguistically plausible adaptations to the language’s ecosystem since Partition. It concludes that, despite a reduction in domains of use, changes in Indian Sindhi, together with an increase in speakers, testify to the language’s survival in India.
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Yadav, Vanita. "Technology-Enabled Inclusive Innovation." International Journal of Innovation in the Digital Economy 7, no. 1 (January 2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijide.2016010101.
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India is a country with a population of 1.2 billion and around 400 million poor people remain excluded from the formal economy. India does not offer a social security number for its residents. Rather, there exist variant forms of identification documents. In 2009, the Government of Indian initiated the Aadhaar project to create biometric technology enabled unique identities for Indian residents. In a short 8-year span, the project has made remarkable progress by enrolling more than 600 million people. The objective of this paper is twofold- (i) to review the emerging literature on inclusive innovation and (ii) to examine the case of Aadhaar Project in India from the perspective of inclusive innovation. Findings of the study reveal that the Aadhaar project has the potential to create an ecosystem of inclusive innovation and entrepreneurship, which can be beneficial for developing economies like India.
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Kashyap, Amit Kumar, and V. Batwara. "Legal Analysis of Real Estate Investment Trust Regulation in India." BRICS Law Journal 9, no. 1 (April 18, 2022): 114–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2412-2343-2022-9-1-114-135.
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As has been the case around the world, the real estate sector has played a pivotal role in the overall growth process of the Indian economy. Since the privatisation of the Indian economy in 1991, the government of India has introduced a variety of investment instruments to capture the interest of millions of potential investors over the last three decades. One such instrument is the Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT). In order to make the market more accessible to investors interested in REIT investments, the Draft Regulations were introduced in 2007. Following numerous modifications, the REIT regulations were finally ratified in 2014 by the Securities and Exchange Board of India. The Indian REIT regulations are aimed at providing an organized market of retail investors in aprofessionally managed ecosystem. However, since its launch in 2014, the REIT regime in India has failed to attract the expected number of investors. Through this paper, the legal structure of REITs in India is reflected, along with changes experienced up to the 2019 amendment. This study also takes a comparative approach in examining the structural aspects of Indian regulations in comparison to those of other countries, and comes up with some recommendations for the improvement of REIT regulations in India.
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Kokkadan, Rukhsana, Resha Neznin, Praseeja Cheruparambath, Jerisa Cabilao, and Salma Albouchi. "A Study of Infaunal Abundance, Diversity and Distribution in Chettuva Mangrove, Kerala, India." AIMS Environmental Science 10, no. 1 (2023): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2023005.
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<abstract> <p>This study investigates an account on the diversity and abundance of benthic infauna of Chettuva mangrove in Kerala. Marine benthic infaunal species are an important factor in marine ecosystems and play a chief ecological function in the mangrove ecosystem. This research article gives an overview of infaunal diversity associated with eight sites of Chettuva mangrove. The present study revealed that infaunal species are significantly moderate within this mangrove ecosystem.</p> </abstract>
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Jena, Jadumani, Rojalin Pradhan, and Ravi Shankar. "A Comparative Study of Indian Smartphone Manufacturing Ecosystem with Global Best Practices for Strategic Insights." Global Journal of Enterprise Information System 8, no. 4 (April 14, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/gjeis/2016/15648.
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In this study we provide an overview of ecosystem indices of successfully smartphone manufacturing countries like China, USA, Taiwan, and South Korea by comparing some key parameters with that of peer average. The main purpose of this research is to compare various key manufacturing statistical parameters of other countries with that of India. It also brings out the current state of manufacturing in India, the market potential and the institutional frameworks developed to create an ecosystem conducive for manufacturing to grow. A SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis is performed across all countries and analyzed for working out the SWOT matrix in Indian context to help formulating the strategy.
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Chaudhari, Sagar Lotan, and Manish Sinha. "A study on emerging trends in Indian startup ecosystem: big data, crowd funding, shared economy." International Journal of Innovation Science 13, no. 1 (January 7, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijis-09-2020-0156.
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Purpose India ranks third in the global startup ecosystem in the world incubating more than 50,000 startups and witnessing 15% YoY growth per year. Being a center of innovation and skilled labor, Indian startups have attracted investments from all over the world. This paper aims at exploring the trends that are driving the growth in the Indian startup ecosystem. Design/methodology/approach Top 200 startups according to valuation are selected as a sample to find out the major trends in the Indian startup ecosystem. This paper includes surveying the sample startups about the implementation of trends such as big data, crowdfunding and shared economy in their startup and its tangible, as well as intangible impacts on their business. The result of the survey is analyzed to get an overview of the emerging trends in the Indian startup ecosystem. Findings Major ten emerging trends that drive growth in the Indian startup ecosystem are discovered and the areas where these trends can be leveraged are identified. Originality/value This research has contributed toward structuring and documenting the growth driving trends, and it will help the budding entrepreneurs to get familiar with the contemporary trends, pros and cons associated with it and the ways to leverage these trends to build a successful startup.
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Amit Pandey. "A literary analogy of the contributions of “Cultural Services” to the ecosystem services provided by the Sacred Groves." Magna Scientia Advanced Research and Reviews 6, no. 1 (September 30, 2022): 008–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/msarr.2022.6.1.0061.
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Background: Millennium Ecosystem Assessment categorizes the ecosystem services into four types i.e. Supporting, Provisioning, Regulatory and Cultural ecosystem services. The MA defines cultural services in terms of the “nonmaterial benefits people obtain from ecosystems,” and specifically lists “cultural diversity, spiritual and religious values, knowledge systems, educational values, inspiration, aesthetic values, social relations, sense of place, cultural heritage values, recreation and ecotourism”. Objectives: To review literature that discusses the contribution of cultural values towards a more holistic valuation of ecosystem services. Methods: The available literature from 1976 to 2022 without language restriction has been covered with the help of secondary data analysis. Secondary information related to sacred groves in general and from regions of India has been collected from various sources including published research articles, technical reports, books and supporting documents from different stakeholders like research organization, NGOs, Forest Department, other Govt. Departments, etc in the national domain. Results: The critical review of the available information led to the gap analysis that no study on the region-wise structure and model of the sacred groves has been done in Indian origin. Conservation of various natural forests existing as sacred groves have been an imperative concept of community based conservation since the time immemorial. Conclusion: Cultural heritage is usually defined as the legacy of biophysical features, physical artifacts, and intangible attributes of a group that are inherited from past generations, maintained in the present, and bestowed for the benefit of future generations.
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Poonam, Rajan Bawa, Avnish Sharma, and H. Sankhyan. "Photosynthesis and Water use Efficiency of Important Species of Cold Desert Of Himachal Pradesh, India." Indian Journal of Forestry 40, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2017-7s7p79.
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The present study was conducted in Goshal, one of the largest villages of cold desert district of Lahaul in Himachal Pradesh, India, during 2010 to 2013 to carry out photosynthetic study and water use efficiency of various species growing in the cold deserts. We classified the study area into three major ecosystems viz; Forest Ecosystem, Alpine Pasture Ecosystem and Agro- ecosystem and found that in Forest Ecosystem Salix alba was most water use efficient tree with maximum photosynthetic rate of 36.61µ mol/m2/sec However in case of Alpine Ecosystem Podophyllum peltatum (0.014534) and Artemisia brevifolia in Agroecosystem was most water use efficient species. Thus we recommend these species for Agroforestry and aforestation purpose in the cold desert area as dry land cultivation is not possible in Agro-ecosystem and for cultivated area the only source of water is through glacial melts from the upper mountain reaches.
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Panikkar, Preetha, M. Feroz Khan, U. K. Sarkar, and B. K. Das. "Changing foodwebs of Indian aquatic ecosystems under the threats of invasive species: An overview." Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 24, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/aehm.024.02.06.
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Abstract Biological invasions are a worldwide threat to the aquatic systems and have the potential to homogenize entire foodwebs and shift species abundance distributions to more skewed ones. Invasion impacts include effects on the foodweb structure and ecosystem functioning leading to a loss in native fish biodiversity and commercially important fisheries in many open water systems. The impacts of invasives are generally devastating as they spread in the foodweb with each species potentially interacting with multiple species. The foodweb modeling studies conducted in different inland aquatic ecosystems show that not all exotics cause a detrimental effect on the resilience of an ecosystem. Information on the foodweb structure and ecosystem properties is a prerequisite for formulating management protocols for conserving biodiversity, enhancement programmes and sustaining fisheries. The present paper reviews the impacts of invasive fishes in Indian aquatic ecosystems in the context of a changing foodweb scenario due to exotic fish species invasions. The information generated here could be applied for future research on similar ecosystems for deducing management actions.
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Iqbal, Sarah, and Banya Kar. "A survey to gather perspectives of DBT/Wellcome Trust India Alliance-funded researchers on public engagement with science." Wellcome Open Research 6 (October 14, 2021): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17120.1.
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Lately, the Indian research ecosystem has seen an upward trend in scientists showing interest in communicating their science and engaging with non-scientific audiences; however, the number and variety of science communication or public engagement activities undertaken formally by scientists remains low in the country. There could be many contributing factors for this trend. To explore this further, the science funding public charity in India, DBT/Wellcome Trust India Alliance (India Alliance), in a first of its kind of study by a funding agency in India, surveyed its 243 research grantees in November 2020 requesting their views on public engagement with science in India through an online survey. The survey included both quantitative as well as open-ended questions to assess the understanding of, participation in, and attitude of India Alliance Fellows/Grantees towards public engagement with research, identify the enablers, challenges, and barriers to public engagement for India Alliance Fellows/Grantees, understand the specific needs (training/capacity-building, funding, etc.) and develop recommendations for India Alliance as well as for the larger scientific ecosystem in the country. The survey showed that India Alliance grantees are largely motivated to engage with the public about science or their research but lack professional recognition and incentives, training and structural support to undertake public engagement activities.
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Iqbal, Sarah, and Banya Kar. "A survey to gather perspectives of DBT/Wellcome Trust India Alliance-funded researchers on public engagement with science." Wellcome Open Research 6 (April 8, 2022): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17120.2.
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Lately, the Indian research ecosystem has seen an upward trend in scientists showing interest in communicating their science and engaging with non-scientific audiences; however, the number and variety of science communication or public engagement activities undertaken formally by scientists remains low in the country. There could be many contributing factors for this trend. To explore this further, the science funding public charity in India, DBT/Wellcome Trust India Alliance (India Alliance), in a first of its kind of study by a funding agency in India, surveyed its 243 research grantees in November 2020 requesting their views on public engagement with science in India through an online survey. The survey included both quantitative as well as open-ended questions to assess the understanding of, participation in, and attitude of India Alliance Fellows/Grantees towards public engagement with research, identify the enablers, challenges, and barriers to public engagement for India Alliance Fellows/Grantees, understand the specific needs (training/capacity-building, funding, etc.) and develop recommendations for India Alliance as well as for the larger scientific ecosystem in the country. The survey showed that India Alliance grantees are largely motivated to engage with the public about science or their research but lack professional recognition and incentives, training and structural support to undertake public engagement activities.
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Huded, Sharanabasav, Devanna Pramesh, Amoghavarsha Chittaragi, Shankarappa Sridhara, Eranna Chidanandappa, Muthukapalli K. Prasannakumar, Channappa Manjunatha, et al. "Spatial Distribution Patterns for Identifying Risk Areas Associated with False Smut Disease of Rice in Southern India." Agronomy 12, no. 12 (November 24, 2022): 2947. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12122947.
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False smut disease (FSD) of rice incited by Ustilaginoidea virens is an emerging threat to paddy cultivation worldwide. We investigated the spatial distribution of FSD in different paddy ecosystems of South Indian states, viz., Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Telangana, by considering the exploratory data from 111 sampling sites. Point pattern and surface interpolation analyses were carried out to identify the spatial patterns of FSD across the studied areas. The spatial clusters of FSD were confirmed by employing spatial autocorrelation and Ripley’s K function. Further, ordinary kriging (OK), indicator kriging (IK), and inverse distance weighting (IDW) were used to create spatial maps by predicting the values at unvisited locations. The agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis using the average linkage method identified four main clusters of FSD. From the Local Moran’s I statistic, most of the areas of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu were clustered together (at I > 0), except the coastal and interior districts of Karnataka (at I < 0). Spatial patterns of FSD severity were determined by semi-variogram experimental models, and the spherical model was the best fit. Results from the interpolation technique, the potential FSD hot spots/risk areas were majorly identified in Tamil Nadu and a few traditional rice-growing ecosystems of Northern Karnataka. This is the first intensive study that attempted to understand the spatial patterns of FSD using geostatistical approaches in India. The findings from this study would help in setting up ecosystem-specific management strategies to reduce the spread of FSD in India.
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Tripathy, Atmaja. "Crowdfunding in India: A Misnomer?" Business Law Review 39, Issue 5 (October 1, 2018): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/bula2018028.
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SUMMARY India continues to be one of the most vibrant and lucrative commercial locations for start-ups.With a steeply rising competitive sphere amongst start-ups in the B2B technology sector, more predominantly in the ecommerce, healthtech, and fintech sectors, India has capped its position as the third largest start-up ecosystem in the world. To keep the steady growth of start-ups, a key parameter, besides the innovative quotient in the scheme, is to strengthen investments into start-ups. For decades, globally, crowdfunding has proved to be a successful tool in pooling resources for innovative start-ups, with a promising future on investments. In India however, the scope and prospects of crowdfunding have been underutilized. The Securities Exchange Board of India, which is the securities market regulator in the country, has yet to recognize the uncompromised benefits that regulated crowdfunding bestows on the innovative endeavours of start-ups. In this article, the author analyses the success and effectiveness of equity crowdfunding in building a robust start-up and investment ecosystem in India, by juxtaposing it with the jurisdictions which legally recognize and regulate crowdfunding. In the first segment, the author draws a broad picture of the crowdfunding market. Next, the wavering opinions of the Indian securities market regulator and the unparalleled need to legally recognize equity crowdfunding as a viable investment option are analysed. Towards this objective, the author advocates the creation of a statutory framework which can effectively control and regulate the Indian crowdfunding market.
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Poonam, Rajan Bawa, and D. Nayak. "Nutrient Loss from the Major Ecosystems of Cold Desert of Himachal Pradesh, India." Indian Journal of Forestry 40, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2017-y8ty8t.
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The present investigation was conducted in village Goshal, located in Lahaul and Spiti cold desert district of Himachal Pradesh, India during 2010 to 2013 to assess nutrient status and nutrient flow in two major ecosystems viz; Agro Ecosystem, and Alpine Pasture Ecosystem. In Alpine Pasture Ecosystem of the 70 percent aboveground biomass which is grazed by the animals 50 percent decomposed after penning and returned back to the system, and rest 50% goes to the yard and in the form of FYM goes to the agricultural fields thus removed out of the system. In Agro Ecosystem, Since 90 percent of aboveground biomass is harvested for fodder and winter stall feeding and in the form of FYM it returns back to agricultural fields and 100 percent of belowground and 10 percent of aboveground nutrient remains as such in the field, which get decomposed and the nutrients are returned back to the system.
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Acharya, Biradar, Louhaichi, Ghosh, Hassan, Moyo, and Sarker. "Finding a Suitable Niche for Cultivating Cactus Pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) as an Integrated Crop in Resilient Dryland Agroecosystems of India." Sustainability 11, no. 21 (October 23, 2019): 5897. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11215897.
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Climate change poses a significant threat to agroecosystems, especially in the dry areas, characterized by abrupt precipitation pattern and frequent drought events. Ideal crops, tolerant to these events, such as cactus, can perform well under such changing climatic conditions. This study spatially maps land suitability for cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) cultivation in India using the analytical hierarchical process (AHP). Nine essential growth factors that include the climate and edaphic components were considered for the period 2000 to 2007. About 32% of the total geographic area of the country is in the high to moderate suitable category. Remaining 46% falls under the marginally suitable and 22% under the low to very low suitable category. The suitability analysis, based on the precipitation anomaly (2008–2017), suggests a high probability of cactus growth in the western and east-central part of India. The relationship with aridity index shows a decreasing rate of suitability with the increase of aridity in the western and east-central provinces (β~−1 to −2). We conclude that integrating cactus into dryland farming systems and rangelands under changing climate can be one plausible solution to build resilient agro-ecosystems that provide food and fodder while enhancing the availability of ecosystem services.
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Kumar, Manoj, and Pratap Padhy. "Environmental Perspectives of Pond Ecosystems: Global Issues, Services and Indian Scenarios." Current World Environment 10, no. 3 (December 25, 2015): 848–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.10.3.16.
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Ponds are an integral component of the hydrological system; and perform diverse roles in the biosphere. Studies on pond ecosystems are, however, often neglected, probably, due to their little size. There is no doubt that little things perform many important activities in our lives. The literature survey on pond environment studies shows very little investigative works in India; and there is no review publication on pond environment reports. In Europe, pond conservation initiative has, however, resulted in many studies on the subject. In Indian perspectives, when there is a dearth of studies on ponds, it is futile to say that there is any concrete institutional initiative on pond conservation. The 2010-2011 report of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) shows that there are only 60 CPCB pond water quality monitoring stations in the country. In these scenarios, an attempt has been made in this manuscript to compile the reports on pond environment in India. The problems faced by ponds in India, mostly from pollution and encroachment, have been discussed in the text. Based on outcomes of different pond reports, some suggestions have been discussed in the end of the manuscript for an effective pond conservation initiative, and their sustainable management in India.
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Dr. Jyoti Mahajan, Dr. Rajesh Mahajan, and Dr. Dileep Kumar Singh. "Metamorphosing Indian Blockchain ecosystem." International Journal of Engineering and Management Research 12, no. 1 (February 21, 2022): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31033/ijemr.12.1.9.
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A blockchain is a decentralised database that is shared across computer network nodes. A blockchain acts as a database, storing information in a digital format. The study primarily aims to explore how in the future, block chain technology will alter several areas of the Indian economy. The current study aims to obtain a deeper understanding of blockchain technology's idea and implementation in India, as well as the technology's potential as a disruptive financial technological innovation. Secondary sources such as reports, journals, papers, and websites were used to compile all the data. Current and relevant information were utilised to help understand the research goals. All the information is rationally organised to fulfil the objectives. The current research focuses on recommendations for enhancing India's Blockchain ecosystem so that it may become one of the best in the world at utilising this new technology.
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Shyam, Kamath, and Bachani Jyoti. "To die with dignity — hospice care for the poor in India." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 2, no. 8 (October 17, 2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20450621211292391.
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Subject area Non-profit management and corporate strategy. Study level/applicability The case is appropriate for teaching undergraduate students, executive MBAs and graduate students. The case is useful for an overview of hospice and palliative care in the developed and developing world, and for class room discussions of external analysis of non-profit organizations' ecosystems, funding needs and industry analysis. Case overview Hospice care in the developed parts of the world is well established but in most developing countries, there are no organized hospice care facilities. This case focuses on a charitable organization, Brthya – Add Value to Life (Brthya – AVTL), that established and operates hospice care in Chennai, India. The Indian context for hospice care, and the ecosystem needed to sustain ongoing operations, are described along with a summary of four different models of hospice care used in other parts of the world. Expected learning outcomes The case will help students to understand: what hospice care is and its various forms; management issues related to funding and operating hospice care in particular and a non-profit in general; ecosystems that make non-profits sustainable in emerging economies; and managing expansion and growth in non-profit organizations, in emerging economies and globally. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available; please consult your librarian for access.
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Panda, Debadutta Kumar. "The dynamics of business ecosystem identity." Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management: An International Journal 15, no. 3 (October 24, 2019): 235–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrom-10-2018-1688.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how business ecosystems evolve, what is the identity of business ecosystem and is the ecosystem identity static or dynamics. To understand the above questions, this paper is conducted on stone carving clusters in India. Design/methodology/approach The author engaged the ethnographic approach in this study. To sample stone carving clusters of India, the author followed the snowball sampling method. Further, the author did collect the information by informal personal discussions, focus group discussions and participant observations. Furthermore, the thematic analysis and interpretative phenomenological analysis were applied to process the data. The validity and reliability of the method was ascertained by testing the credibility, dependability, confirmability and transferability. Findings The author found that the business ecosystem of stone carving was dynamic, and it was transformed from the buyer-driven ecosystem to the supplier-driven ecosystem. The identities of the early stage business ecosystem and the late stage ecosystem were analyzed through product, network and information flow. The author developed a structural framework to conceptualize the identity domain of the business ecosystem and the author named it as “nature-conduct-performance model.” Also, the author conceptualized the identity evolution, the influence of social system on business ecosystem identity, and identity-based conflicts and identity-based cooperation in the stone carving business ecosystem. Originality/value This study is making additional theoretical contribution in conceptualize the business ecosystem from the identity construct.
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Sharma, Bhushan Kumar, and Sumita Sharma. "Biodiversity of Indian Rotifers (Rotifera) with remarks on biogeography and richness in diverse ecosystems." Opuscula Zoologica 52, no. 1 (2021): 69–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18348/opzool.2021.1.69.
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We assess biodiversity status of Rotifera known from India to-date based on our studies from various regions of this country and evaluation of other viable records, and highlight notable features of biogeography and richness. The Indian fauna reveals 434 valid species belonging to 68 genera and 25 families and thus indicates the most biodiverse Rotifera vis-àvis south and Southeast Asia, and records ~25% and ~41% species of global and regional biogeographic interest. It depicts the littoral-periphytic nature, broadly tropical character, the limited reports of cold-water species from the sub-Himalayan and Himalayan latitudes, paucity of the endemics and Bdelloids, and cryptic diversity awaits analyses. The richest diversity and distinct biogeographic identity of Rotifera of Northeast India (NEI) is attributed to location of this region in the ‘Himalayan and Indo-Burmese’ biodiversity hot-spots, ‘Assam gateway’ – the biogeographic corridor, and the ‘Rotiferologist effect’. Regional disparity and spatial heterogeneity of biodiversity elsewhere from India are attributed to the limited sampling, inadequate collections from diverse ecosystems, unidentified species, and paucity of attention on smaller species. The biodiverse rotifer assemblages of the floodplain lakes including Deepor Beel and Loktak Lake, the two Ramsar sites and globally megadiverse ecosystems, are hypothesized to habitat diversity of these ecotones, while ‘Rotifera paradox’ depict speciose constellations per sample. The species-rich small floodplain and urban wetlands focus interest on rotifer diversity in small water bodies. We estimate more diverse Indian Rotifera following analyses of collections from underexplored and unexplored regions and ecosystems, and the bdelloid and sessile rotifers using integrative taxonomic approaches.
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Bansal, Saurabh, and Dr Neelesh Jain. "A Comprehensive Study Assessing the Transformative Role of Artificial Intelligence in India\'s Governance Policy Framework." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 7 (July 31, 2023): 1748–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.54973.
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Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has gained significant prominence worldwide, and India is actively embracing its potential for transforming various sectors. This paper comprehensively studies the intersection between artificial intelligence and Indian government policies. It explores the opportunities, challenges, and implications of AI implementation in the Indian context, and discusses the evolving role of the Indian government in harnessing AI technologies. The paper addresses the challenges and risks associated with AI implementation in India, including ethical considerations, socioeconomic implications, privacy concerns, workforce capacity building, and infrastructure requirements. This section underscores the need for appropriate policies and regulatory frameworks to address these challenges effectively. The paper further examines the Indian government's policies and initiatives on AI, including the national AI strategy, policy frameworks, AI centres of excellence, startup ecosystem, and international collaboration efforts. It delves into key policy considerations such as data governance, ethical and responsible AI, regulation and standards, skills development, and inclusivity.
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Janakiraman, Jayanthi, and Jeewan Singh Jalal. "Angiosperm diversity of the Great Indian Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary: a semi-arid grassland, Maharashtra, India." Check List 11, no. 2 (March 10, 2015): 1602. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/11.2.1602.
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The Great Indian Bustard Wildlife sanctuary is a semi-arid grassland ecosystem spread over an area of 1,222 km2 in the Solapur and Ahmednagar districts of Maharashtra, India. It is an abode of the critically endangered bird, the Great Indian Bustard. A total of 436 plants belonging to 259 genera and 67 families are reported in the present study from the sanctuary, including 22 endemic taxa. Grasses form one of the dominant components of the ecosystem and are represented by about 67 species. The sanctuary is facing severe habitat loss and degradation, posing a threat to its biodiversity. This paper provides a comprehensive documentation of the floristic diversity of the sanctuary. Threats and conservation measures are also discussed.
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Gao, Wen, Jiefan Huang, Quan Qiu, Anil Shrestha, Changyan Yuan, Subhash Anand, Guangyu Wang, and Guibin Wang. "Conservation and Management of Protected Areas in China and India: A Literature Review (1990–2021)." Climate 11, no. 1 (January 12, 2023): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli11010022.
Full textAbstract:
Protected areas (PAs) are key to biodiversity conservation. As two highly populous and biodiverse countries, China and India are facing similar socioenvironmental pressures in the management of PAs. A comparative analysis of studies of PA policies in these two countries provides an objective assessment of policy concerns. This study involved a bibliometric analysis of studies of PA policies in China and India. Relevant publications were retrieved from the Web of Science and Scopus. The analysis was carried out using the Bibliometrix R Package, CiteSpace, and VOSviewer. The results indicate that PA policies studies in China are growing at an exponential rate, while Indian studies were cited significantly more often. “Environmental protection” was the main focus of the Chinese studies, with top keywords including “forest ecosystem” and “strategic approach”. In India, research was mainly focused on “wildlife management”, and the top keywords were “climate change” and “ecosystem service”. Studies from both countries were concerned with natural resource conservation and endangered species. Studies in India began relatively earlier and were more developed. India focused on people-related themes, while China emphasized strategic approaches. China is improving its system of PA and should learn from India to consider the relationship between environmental protection and people.
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Rajput, Sneh, Arpna Kumari, Vishnu D. Rajput, Saglara S. Mandzhieva, Tatiana Minkina, Saroj Arora, and Rajinder Kaur. "Current scenario, services, concerns, and restoration perspectives of ponds in India." SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology 20, no. 1 (January 27, 2023): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v20i1.64190.
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<p>Ponds are self-sustaining and self-regulating ecosystems that are a vital part of the hydrological cycle and play a variety of roles in the biosphere. Ponds are diverse, extremely dynamic, and highly productive as they offer various services like harbor biodiversity, tool for combating water scarcity, have roles in pollution mitigation and carbon sequestration. Ponds also offer sustainable solutions to support climate change amelioration and aquatic resource management. However, ponds are the most neglected aquatic ecosystems, despite their huge ecological functions. Thus, ponds are debasing at an alarming rate as a result of increased anthropogenic activities and anthropogenically driven changes in natural processes, wreaking havoc on ecological health and water quality. In this context, the major threats to ponds include the dumping of solid waste, increased urbanization, pollution, encroachment and climate change which have resulted in the deterioration of ponds over the years. Sustainable management and restoration of ponds are crucial as this ecosystem offers a wide array of ecological functions. As a result, this research aims to assess the current state of ponds in India in terms of monitoring, ecological services provided, and the various threats to which they are subjected. Further, the discussions on management and perspective restoration strategies of this substantial ecosystem are also included. Thereby, this study suggests better conservation strategies for restoration, reclamation, and sustainable utilization of ponds.</p>
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Paunikar, Sanjay. "Coleoptera fauna in forest ecosystem of Shivalik hills region of India - A mini Review." International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences 6, no. 5 (October 31, 2021): 222–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2021.v06.i06.028.
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A review is given on documentation of important and major insect order coleoptera in forest ecosystem of Shivalik Hill regions of India. Shivalik Hills are situated in north Indian region to foot hills of North-West Himalaya due to position make itsunique bio geographic location, diversified climatic conditions and enormous eco-diversity and geo-diversity of flora and fauna. Several renowned workers contributed and documented number of species of coleoptera of the Shivalik Hills region of India. After reviewing the literature on coleoptera fauna in the Shivalik Hills areas indicates some fragmentary work on different aspects of coleoptera such as taxonomic, bioecology, species diversity, seasonal abundance, distribution and pest status. Though, it was found that some documents published but, it is needed to explore more coleopteran fauna and prepare consolidate documents from forest ecosystem of Shivalik Hills and detailed study on taxonomy, bioecology, species diversity, abundance and distribution in forest ecosystem due to current changing climatic condition
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Jayakumar, Tulsi. "Talenthouse India: crowdsourcing the Indian national anthem." Journal of Business Strategy 37, no. 4 (July 18, 2016): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbs-06-2015-0064.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose This paper aims to understand the process of value creation and value capture through open innovation strategies such as crowdsourcing in emerging economies (EEs) like India. The paper seeks to understand that crowdsourcing strategies offer both potential as well as challenges to value creation and capture in EEs. Design/methodology/approach The paper follows a case study approach. Building on interviews with company officials, the paper looks at the process of value creation and value capture by Talenthouse India through its unique “My Nation My Anthem” (MNMA) initiative. Findings With growing internet penetration and the presence of a demographic dividend, crowdsourcing presents high potential in EEs like India. EE firms may strategize to use the creativity and ideas of “crowds” to drive value creation and value capture. However, understanding the limits of such strategies, in particular those relating to the crowds (their composition, access to them and their motivators) and the access to technology, is important. The result of the MNMA initiative was a 52-second crowdsourced national anthem that generated sufficient value for the crowdsourcing intermediary (Talenthouse), the client firm (PVR) and the entire ecosystem. Originality/value The significance of open innovation models has been demonstrated in settings involving high-tech industries, producing high-value goods, in advanced economies. The paper finds the applicability of such models to low-tech, less mature industries, involving experience goods in EEs like India.