Academic literature on the topic 'Economy of transports'
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Journal articles on the topic "Economy of transports"
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Smirnov, Sergey A., and Olga Yu Smirnova. "Magnetic Levitation Cargo Ransport Role in World Economy." Transportation Systems and Technology 5, no. 2 (July 19, 2019): 106–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst201952106-117.
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Background: Currently, the car, water, railway, air and pipe transports are used for cargo and goods transportation. Each kind of cargo transport has its own specific competitive advantages that provide its most effective application at various stages of logistics chain. The economic efficiency of cargo transportation influences the overall economic efficiency, in particular, the gross domestic product. The quality of economic growth as applied to transport branch and its input to the national economy is relevant, since with the current organisation of different transport modes interaction, there are still high transaction costs.
Aim: Study of influence of various modes of transport, including maglev transport, on the economy and economic growth.
Methods: Theoretical and empirical. The paper considers the influence of various modes of transport, that operate in the cargo transport sphere, on the countrys economy. The comparison of existing modes of transport with the maglev transport from the point of view of desired effects is made.
Results: The maglev transport possesses new properties and advantages, which makes it possible to view is as viable and able to provide a qualitative economic growth and resource-based economy if realised.
Conclusion: The most efficient use of resources, the consumption of which should at least not increase and at most decrease, is achieved with the introduction of maglev transport into the transport system, as its economic properties already now excel those of the majority of other types of transport. It is obvious, as to the experts, that in transition to resource-based economy the maglev transport will be major transport for both cargo and passenger transit.
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Radjabov, Ozodbek. "Railways of Uzbekistan in a new era." E3S Web of Conferences 402 (2023): 06004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340206004.
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In the current era of globalization, the life and development of the peoples of the world cannot be imagined without the movement of vehicles. Automobiles, railways and air transports, which are the achievements of modern science and technology, have connected all continents in such a way that no field can be imagined without modern means of transport. It is known from the experience of the leading countries in the world economy that achieving global competitiveness and entering world markets, first of all, consistent economic reform and structural changes are all related to the development of transport infrastructure. This article analyzes the reforms that took place in the railway sector during the years of independence and their results.
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Anerud, von Hofsten, and Eliasson. "An alternative supply system for stump biomass – coarse grinding combined with sieving of the produced hog fuel." International Journal of Forest Engineering 27, no. 2 (May 3, 2016): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2016.1166917.
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Transport costs are one of the major costs in the supply chain of stumps for fuel. Stump parts are bulky and it is impossible to achieve full tonnages on trucks and trailers even though the load space is completely full. The transport economy for stumps is also negatively affected by the large amount of contaminants in the loads. Grinding the stumps at the landing and sieving of the produced hog fuel has the potential to increase load weights and reduce both the amount of contaminants and the transport costs. To evaluate such a system a series of studies were made. Results show that coarse grinding and sieving reduced both moisture and ash content in the produced fuel, thus increasing the heating value per ton delivered fuel and transforming a soil contaminated material to an acceptable fuel. Transport payloads increased substantially compared to transports of stump parts, but a transport distance of 110 km was needed before the coarse grinding system provided lower cost than the standard system with transports of stump parts and grinding at the heating plant. Further studies are needed to evaluate the total energy efficiency in the two systems. Coarse grinding and sieving is a feasible way to increase fuel quality and improve transport economy. However, total costs will in most cases be higher than for the loose stump system which renders the method preferable only in cases where the sieving process converts a non-acceptable material into an acceptable fuel.
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D., Corduneanu. "The Economy of Romanian Naval Transports in the period 1950 – 1990." Scientific Bulletin of Naval Academy XXI, no. 2 (December 15, 2018): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21279/1454-864x-18-i2-013.
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This article analyses, the development and evolution of the most important elements of naval infrastructure which laid the base of The Economy of the Romanian Naval Transports, during the period: 1950 – 1990. Also, this article attempts to determine the total value of assets on the main components of the system infrastructure, following the next issues: Ways of Communication on the Water; River and Sea Ports; Naval Industry; National Merchant Fleet- river, maritime and oceanic fishing fleet. We mention that our analysis base on statistical data that was published in different sources, archives data and own calculation for the main economic and technical indicators.
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C., Popa. "The Economy of Romanian Naval Transports during interwar period (1919 – 1939)." Scientific Bulletin of Naval Academy XXI, no. 2 (December 15, 2018): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21279/1454-864x-18-i2-012.
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This article analyses, in the unitary conception, the forming and evolution of the most important elements of naval infrastructure which laid the base of The Economy of the Romanian Naval Transports, during the inter-war period: 1919 – 1939. Also, this article attempts to determine the total value of assets on the main components of the system infrastructure, following the next issues: Sea lines of Communication; Maritime and Riverine Harbors; Naval Industry; National Civilian Fleet- river, maritime and oceanic fishing fleet. We mention that our analysis base on statistical data that was published in different sources, archives data and own calculation for the main economic and technical indicators.
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Corduneanu, Dumitru. "The Economy of Romanian Naval Transports in the Period 1990 – 2000." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 25, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2019-0052.
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Abstract This article analyses the restructuring and evolution of the most important elements of naval infrastructure which laid the base of The Economy of the Romanian Naval Transports, during the transition period: 1990 – 2000. Also, this article attempts to determine the total value of assets on the main components of the system infrastructure, following the next issues: • Ways of Communication on the Water; • River and Sea Ports; • Naval Industry; • National Merchant Fleet-river, maritime and oceanic fishing fleet. We mention that this article is the latest in a series of four articles that analyses, in a unitary conception, the formation and evolution of the main elements of the Naval Transportation System of the last century, at the level of four reference periods: the pre-war period (1900-1914); the interwar period (1919-1939); socialist period (1950-1990) and transition period (1990-2000).
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Nanobashvili George, Nanobashvili George. "Transit Potential and Role of Georgian Railways in the Development of Georgian Economy." Economics 105, no. 09-10 (November 24, 2022): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/ecs105/9-10/2022-131.
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The railway is an important sector of the economy of Georgia. Despite its small share in the gross domestic product of the country, its role in the socio-economic development of the country is large. "Georgian Railway" is the only railway operator in Georgia. The company mainly provides services related to cargo transportation and transports various types of cargo from Central Asia to the Black Sea. The Georgian Railways also provides passenger transport. The company has a vertically integrated business model, owning and managing tracks, stations, terminals, other railway infrastructure and rolling stock covering the entire railway system across Georgia. The main railway network of "Georgian Railways", together with the railway of Azerbaijan, forms the Caucasus Railway Corridor, which is a key segment of the Europe-Caucasus-Asia transport corridor (TRACECA). The main railway network of "Georgian Railways" is the shortest way connecting the Caspian Sea region and Central Asia with the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. The mentioned location uniquely contributes to the positioning of Georgian Railways in the trade system of Europe, the Caspian Sea region and Central Asia. Therefore, its economic growth and sustainable development largely depends on the effective use of the potential of a transit country. In this regard, it is necessary for the railways to be able to offer profitable conditions to customers and their practical implementation, for which it is necessary to create a powerful modern infrastructure, which ensures guaranteed protection of cargoes, their fast transportation and reduction of transport costs. Priority is given to scientific and technological directions, which should expand the use of advanced inventions in railway transport and increase the competitiveness of Georgian transport services in the market. It is necessary to modernize the railways by planning innovative projects, which in turn are associated with large investments. Keywords: Management, transport, railway transport, competitiveness.
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Aziz, A. A., and W. R. W. Ahmad. "Train Obstacle Detection System Using Avr Microcontroller and SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 9, no. 3 (March 1, 2018): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v9.i3.pp650-654.
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<p>In Malaysia, railway is considered as the backbone of transport, connecting people from all across the country. With the current state of economy, more people prefer to choose train as main transportation especially in big city area such as Kuala Lumpur. With lower cost and relatively the safest form of transports compared to the other transports, like cars, motorcycles or busses, it is a wise choice to use train as daily commute transport. Nowadays, the rail traffic network in Malaysia are getting busier with trains traveling at higher speeds and carrying more passengers with heavier axle loads than before. With the increase of passenger, the risk involved in daily train operation will significantly increase. An improved safety system is required to keep up with the ever growing train loads. The proposed safety system is applied to alert the train operators. The whole system is comprised of an ultrasonic sensor connected to a database and an Atmega328P microcontroller mounted on a custom PCB board. It is found that the train in this country requires a distance of 77 meter in order to completely stop the train with regards to a few assumptions on the average mass and the speed of the train.</p>
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Harrir, Mohamed Mounir, and Lamia Sari-Triqui. "Optimization of transport costs and CO2 emissions reduction policies in a continuous cycle supply chain: case study." E3S Web of Conferences 336 (2022): 00060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202233600060.
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In this paper we analyze a distribution network and a waste collection network that adopt the same fleet of vehicles. This fleet is owned by a company that provides logistics and transport services in the Algerian territory. The objective of this work is to propose a logistics chain in circular economy (continuous cycle) by combining the transports of the two studied networks, taking advantage of the empty returns, in order to minimize the travel costs and to reduce the CO2 emissions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of optimal vehicle usage in distribution networks and its influence on total supply chain costs and environmental effects.
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Tsvetkov, V. A., K. Kh Zoidov, and A. A. Medkov. "Modern Trends in the Innovative Development of Transport Modes as the Backbone of a Transition Economy in the Eurasian Space." Economics and Management 26, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 4–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2020-1-4-15.
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The presented study identifies modern trends in the innovative development of transport modes as the basis for the formation of a transition economy in the Eurasian space.Aim. The study aims to determine directions for the innovative development of transport modes based on the formation of a unified digital transport and logistics environment, and to find the most efficient ways of regulating financial flows from the transit passage of goods.Tasks. The authors develop and implement mechanisms for generating, distributing, and redistributing income from the functioning of a transit economy in the Eurasian territory in the context of automation, robotization, digital transformation, implementation of artificial intelligence, and transition towards paperless and unmanned technology.Methods. This study uses the methods of systems analysis, evolutionary-institutional theory, the theory of engineering and manufacturing balance, and historical approach.Results. The following directions for the automation and digital transformation of rail cargo transport in the Eurasian space are determined: reduction of the time spent on completing procedures at borders and stations; innovative development of the railroad infrastructure in the neighboring countries; automation of transportation, implementation of unmanned technologies; overcoming negative trends in the transportation of perishable items. Directions for the development and production of an innovative rolling stock for cargo transit are identified. Directions for the innovative development of road, sea, and air transport in the Eurasian space are analyzed, including the development of piggyback (raidroad) transport and uberization of the road cargo transport market. It is found that construction and commissioning of ice-class container ships is an innovative direction in the development of sea transport that transports cargo between Asia and Europe. The main direction in the development of air transport involves expanding consolidation and distribution cargo operations when flying over the Eurasian territory.Conclusions. Innovative transit transport systems (ITTS) are developing rapidly, which calls for the development and implementation of a mechanism for generating, distributing, and redistributing income from the transit of goods and passengers. This should be a corporate mechanism, i.e. it should be implemented via public-private partnership. The Eurasian Transit Transport Company could act as such a corporate structure in the Eurasian space. The most efficient way of distributing income from the functioning of a transit economy among the majority of economic agents is to develop the associated and related production of goods and services on a high-tech basis and to form a vast innovative industrial trade-route belt.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Economy of transports"
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Francart, Nicolas. "Climate Implications of a Collaborative Economy Scenario for Transportation and the Built Environment." Thesis, KTH, Miljöstrategisk analys (fms), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-188974.
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In a context of increasingly ambitious climate objectives after the Paris Agreement in 2015, this thesis investigates a scenario for sustainable development in Sweden in 2050 in terms of greenhouse gases emissions. The scenario is built around the idea of a development of collaborative economy in a context of low growth or degrowth. The concept of “collaborative economy” encompasses the sharing of services and underused and unwanted goods between individuals, a focus on the access to services rather than the ownership of products, and new ways of sharing space and time (cohousing, time banks, etc). The present study focuses on the implications of the Collaborative Economy scenario for transports and the built environment at a municipal scale, and aims at modeling the corresponding greenhouse gases emissions. A literature review was carried out to identify the main aspects of the scenario and exemplify the changes it entails. Two spreadsheet models were then developed for transports and the built environment, estimating greenhouse gases emission levels based on a range of assumptions elaborated from the literature review. The municipality of Malmö was used as a case study. Overall, the results of the models and the sensitivity analysis indicate a rather weak influence of collaborative economy strategies on greenhouse gases emissions. Strategies related to changes in the energy mix for heating, materials used in construction, fuels, etc seem to be much more impactful. However, such strategies only impact greenhouse gases emissions, whereas collaborative economy strategies can have other benefits. In particular, cohousing can increase social capital and foster sharing, which in turn could decrease energy and material use for the production of goods. Ridesharing, remote working among others, can decrease congestion and the daily distance traveled. Most of these strategies also provide energy savings, improving the resilience of the system and freeing the energy supply for other purposes.Bortom BNP-tillväxt
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Geloso, Grosso Massimo. "Air transport services in APEC : regulation, impact on trade and political economy of reform." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0047.
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Cette dissertation a trois buts principaux: 1) fournir une vue d’ensemble des services du transport aérien dans le contexte du Forum de coopération économique Asie-Pacifique (APEC) et de l’évolution de la réglementation du secteur dans ces pays; 2) estimer les effets potentiels de la réduction des empêchements commerciaux et réglementaires dans le secteur; et 3) examiner les différentes politiques disponibles aux économies d’Asie-Pacifique pour maximiser les avantages de la libéralisation du transport aérien. Une attention particulière est prêtée à la pertinence de cette recherche pour les politiques des gouvernements de l’APEC à moyen terme. Les deux premiers chapitres présentent les caractéristiques des fluxes commerciaux et de la réglementation dans la région de l’APEC, respectivement dans le domaine des services du transport aérien de passagers et de fret. Ils analysent alors à quel point la réduction des barrières commerciales au transport aérien augmente le commerce international de la région. Tous les deux sont principalement empiriques, mais ils se basent sur une recherche récente à ce sujet qui fournit une fondation théorique pour motiver la recherche empirique. Le premier chapitre se concentre sur les effets de la libéralisation sur le trafic des passagers et le deuxième sur l’impact sur les échanges de marchandises, y compris sur des produits d’intérêt pour les économies d’Asie-Pacifique. Le troisième chapitre complémente les deux premiers en examinant le rôle des réglementations et des politiques réparatrices pour aboutir à une libéralisation réussie du transport aérien dans l’APECThe aim of this dissertation is threefold: 1) to provide an overview of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) air transport services and evolving regulatory landscape; 2) to estimate the potential effects of easing trade and regulatory impediments in the sector; and 3) to examine policy options available to Asia Pacific economies to maximise the gains of air transport services liberalisation. Particular attention is paid to the policy relevance of this research for APEC governments in the medium term. The first two chapters present trade and regulatory patterns in the APEC region, respectively in air passenger and cargo services. They then analyse the extent to which reduction of air transport services impediments enhances the region’s international trade. Both are primarily empirical, but build on insights from recent research that provides a theoretical foundation to motivate the empirical investigation. The first chapter focuses on the effects of liberalisation on passenger traffic and the second on trade in merchandise, including with a focus on products of interest for Asia Pacific economies. The third chapter complements the first two by examining the role of regulation and remedial policies for the successful liberalisation of air transport in APEC. Having made the case for liberalisation through empirical analysis in the first two chapters, the focus here is on to how to minimise the downsides potentially stemming from reform in the sector, particularly in relation to competition policy and environmental protection. The chapter also explores negotiating options available to economies in the region
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Launay, Pierre. "Le redéploiement technique et organisationnel des réseaux de messagerie dans les territoires." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1091/document.
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La messagerie est le segment du transport terrestre de marchandises dédié au transport d’envois de détail (colis, sacs, petits lots palettisés) sur des longues distances. Elle s’appuie sur une organisation réticulaire pour traiter conjointement des envois appartenant à différentes chaînes logistiques, afin d’optimiser les capacités de chargement des véhicules. Au cours des vingt dernières années, elle a accompagné le redéploiement des systèmes de production et de distribution dans les territoires, et a intégré les outils de la révolution numérique sur les plans matériel (automatisation) et informationnel (technologies de l’information et de la communication). Dans leurs dimensions techniques et organisationnelles, les réseaux de messagerie n’ont plus grand-chose à voir avec ce qu’ils étaient à la fin du siècle dernier. Pourtant, aucun travail de recherche ne s’est penché sur cette question. Cette thèse propose de caractériser les modalités d’adaptation technique et organisationnelle des réseaux de messagerie aux mutations des systèmes de production et de distribution dans les territoires depuis la fin du XXe siècle. Elle s’appuie sur des informations recueillies auprès de professionnels de la messagerie et des données ouvertes. Elle révèle une multiplication du champ des possibles des envois de messagerie en termes de délais et de couverture géographique, et une segmentation des réseaux de messagerie selon le seul critère de conditionnement des marchandises, déterminant le potentiel d’automatisation de leur traitement dans les réseaux. A l’heure de l’intégration européenne et de la globalisation des chaînes logistiques, cette thèse propose de nouveaux outils pour comprendre le déploiement des réseaux de messagerie dans les territoiresThe French concept of “Messagerie” describes both less-than-truckload (LTL) and parcel delivery operations based on network organizations. These transport operations rely on the consolidation and groupage of shipments belonging to different kind of supply chains. In the last two decades, this activity adapted to the evolution of production and distribution systems and has integrated the digital revolution tools in its internal organization. The French LTL and parcels networks have little in common with what they were in the ‘90s. Yet, their transformations are largely ignored in the scientific literature. This thesis proposes an analysis of the organizational and technical adaptation of French LTL and parcels networks to the evolution of the production and distribution systems in the last two decades. It is based on information gathered from professionals and open data. It reveals an extend of the range of possibilities offered by the transport networks in terms of delays and geographic coverage, and a technical specialization of these networks according to the size, weight and packaging of the goods transported, which determine their potential for automation. At a time of globalization, this thesis offers new tools to understand the deployment of transport networks in the territories
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Jabbour, Elias Marco Khalil. ""Infra-estrutura em energia e transportes e crescimento econômico na China - o enfrentamento da crise financeira e a formação de uma economia continental"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-15112005-192513/.
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A crise financeira que assolou a Ásia no ano de 1997 demonstrou que a China possuía, igualmente seus vizinhos asiáticos, problemas em sua estrutura econômica e financeira. Os chineses reagiram a esta crise implementando uma política que contemplasse a expansão de sua demanda doméstica e a formação nas próximas décadas de uma economia continental que consolidasse o poder estatal sob o território e a sociedade do país. As condições objetivas para esse enfrentamento foram criadas ao longo de 20 anos de política de Reforma e Abertura: capacidade produtiva, sistema de intermediação financeira e o efetivo controle do Estado Nacional em todos os terrenos da governança chinesa. O verificado alavancamento dos investimentos nas infra-estruturas em energia e transportes constitui, assim, meio para abrir um novo ciclo de desenvolvimento econômico com expansão considerável de sua demanda doméstica e ao mesmo tempo viabilizar a formação de uma economia continental com impactos no mundo semelhantes aos verificados no momento em que os Estados Unidos da América consolidaram seu atual território na segunda metade do século XIX.The financial crises that desolated Asia in 1997 has demonstrated that China, by the same way of the Asiatic neighbors, had economical and financial structures problems. The Chinese government reacted to this crisis with a policy that can lead with the extension of it domestic demand and the formation on the next decades of a continental economy to consolidate the power of the State beneath the country territory and society. The objective conditions of this confrontation were created along by 20 years of policies of Reform and Opening: productive capacity, intermediary financial system and the effective control of the National State on every branch of activities of the Chinese governance. The verified uptake of investments on infrastructure of energy and transports constitutes a mean to open a new cycle of economical development and simultaneously a considerable expansion of China's domestic demands and to make possible the formation of a continental economy with similar impacts to the world as can be verified at moment in which the United States of America has consolidated it's actual territory, in the second half of 19th Century.
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Janjevic, Milena. "Urban freight consolidation platforms as a means of decreasing costs and enhancing performance of urban logistics chains within the framework of a market economy: Application to Brussels-Capital." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/232373.
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Les centres de consolidation urbaine sont une mesure populaire dans la logistique urbaine visant à rationaliser les trajets liés aux livraisons en ville. Cependant, bien que les avantages environnementaux de ce type de dispositifs ont été largement abordés et documentés, un nombre important de cas d’implémentation n’ont pas parvenu à atteindre une participation suffisante et démontrer un modèle de fonctionnement viable. Les principaux obstacles liés à leur mise en œuvre relèvent des préoccupations financières et de l’acceptation de la part des acteurs de la logistique urbaine. Par conséquent, le succès de ces schémas logistiques est souvent conditionné par un fort soutien réglementaire et financier des pouvoirs publics. Récemment, de nouveaux types de modèles d'exploitation des centres de consolidation urbaine, proposant une gamme d'activités à valeur ajoutée, sont apparus, permettant une meilleure intégration de ces plateformes dans la chaîne d'approvisionnement. En outre, un grand nombre d'expériences récentes se concentrent sur la consolidation de fret à petite échelle, ce qui permet un assouplissement des besoins en ressources matérielles et humaines. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier le potentiel des plates-formes de consolidation de fret urbaines de diminuer les coûts et d'améliorer les performances des chaînes logistiques urbaines. En particulier, la thèse traitera des facteurs qui influent sur la viabilité de ces schémas logistiques dans le cadre d'une économie de marché.La thèse est structurée autour de trois questions de recherche qui portent sur (1) la viabilité du modèle traditionnel du centre de consolidation urbain basé sur les activités de transbordement et de consolidation, (2) les impacts des mesures qui visent à soutenir la mise en œuvre des schémas de consolidation et le niveau d’approbation des acteurs de la logistique urbaine qui en découle, (3) l’impact des nouvelles approches dans le domaine de plates-formes de consolidation de marchandises en ville et en particulier des nouveaux modèles d’exploitation de centres de consolidation urbains et des plates-formes de micro-consolidation. En abordant ces aspects, la thèse démontre que le modèle du centre de consolidation urbain traditionnel peut présenter une alternative viable, mais que le succès de ces schémas logistiques est soumis à un grand nombre de conditions qui sont difficiles à satisfaire en pratique. La thèse identifie les mesures d'accompagnement qui peuvent à la fois accroître la participation dans le schéma de consolidation et l'acceptation des acteurs, ainsi que celles qui rencontrent une réponse plus mitigée de la part des acteurs. Enfin, la thèse identifie les avantages potentiels des nouveaux modèles d’exploitation de centres de consolidation ainsi que les avantages de la consolidation à petite échelle.Urban consolidation centres are a popular measure in city logistics, which aims at rationalizing delivery trips in an urban area. However, although their environmental benefits have been extensively addressed and documented, many of the implementation cases fail to reach sufficient participation and demonstrate a viable business model. Some of the main barriers linked to their implementation are the financial concerns and the stakeholder acceptance. Consequently, the success of these schemes has often been subject to a strong regulatory and financial support from public authorities. Recently, new forms of urban consolidation centre operating models offering a range of value-added activities have appeared, allowing a better integration of these facilities in the overall supply chain. Furthermore, a large number of recent experiments focus on small-scale freight consolidation, relaxing the requirements for material and human resources. The objective of this thesis is to investigate the potential of urban freight consolidation platforms to decrease the costs and improve the performance of urban logistics chains. In particular, the thesis will address factors that influence the viability of these schemes in a framework of market economy.The thesis is structured around three research questions that address (1) the viability of the traditional urban consolidation centre model based on transhipment and consolidation activities (2) the impact of market-based accompanying measures for urban consolidation centre project implementation and the resulting level of stakeholder support and (3) the impact of new approaches in urban freight consolidation platforms and in particular those of new urban consolidation centres operating models and micro-consolidation platforms. By tackling these aspects, the thesis demonstrates that the traditional urban consolidation centre model can present a viable alternative but that the success of the scheme is subject to a large number of requirements that are often difficult to meet in practice. The thesis highlights accompanying measures that can both increase the expected participation in the consolidation scheme as well as the stakeholder acceptance of the scheme, and those that meet a less positive stakeholder response. Finally, the thesis identifies the potential benefits of new operating models of urban consolidation centres and of small-scale consolidation.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Drut, Marion. "Using the concept of functional economy to explore the spatial and environmental challenges associated with sustainable mobility." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL12013/document.
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La congestion automobile, les difficultés de stationnement, et la pollution atmosphérique constituent des enjeux contemporains affectant particulièrement les zones urbaines. Ces enjeux se renforcent mutuellement et appellent des mesures conjointes. Cette thèse propose de dépasser les approches cloisonnées en utilisant le concept d’économie de la fonctionnalité (EF). Plus précisément, cette étude explore le rôle d’un système de transport basé sur la fonction, et notamment sur le partage des usages, dans la résolution des problématiques spatiales et environnementales liées à la mobilité durable. Après avoir présenté le concept d’EF et son application au domaine de la mobilité (article 1), nous explorons le rôle du partage des usages dans la résolution des problématiques spatiales et environnementales (article 2). Nous mettons ensuite en lumière les mécanismes sous-tendant les rivalités d’usage liées au stationnement (article 3), ainsi que l’impact de la pollution atmosphérique locale sur la productivité du travail (article 4). Cette thèse permet de mettre en perspective les projets d’infrastructures ou les politiques de transport par une analyse des problématiques liées à la mobilité sous deux angles distincts. Tout d’abord, les politiques de transport sont explorées en lien avec l’espace pris comme une ressource rare en libre accès et dont la consommation par les modes de transport a un coût implicite et est sujette à rivalité. Ensuite, le lien entre meilleure accessibilité et hausse de la pollution atmosphérique locale est fait et l’analyse montre que la prise en compte des impacts environnementaux conduit à une estimation plus fine des gains d’agglomération attendusTraffic congestion, parking problems, and air pollution constitute contemporary challenges affecting especially urban areas. These concerns are intertwined and mutually reinforcing ; there is thus a need to address them jointly. Using the concept of functional economy (FE), this thesis attempts to go beyond the traditional compartmentalized approach. More specifically, this study investigates the role of a function-based transportation system, and namely of sharing the uses, in addressing jointly the spatial and environmental issues associated with sustainable mobility. After a short presentation of the concept of FE and its application to transportation (essay 1), we examine the role of sharing the uses in addressing spatial and environmental issues (essay 2). Then, we highlight the mechanisms underlying the rivalry of use affecting parking (essay 3), as well as the impact of local air pollution on labor productivity (essay 4). This thesis allows putting into perspective transportation infrastructure projects or policies through a two-angle analysis of the issues associated with mobility. First, transportation policies are explored from a spatial perspective, with space considered as a scarce resource in open access and whose consumption from transportation modes is subject to a shadow cost and to rivalry. Then, the link between enhanced accessibility and increased local air pollution from transportation is drawn, and the analysis reveals that accounting for environmental impacts leads to more accurate assessments of the expected agglomeration gains
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Gameiro, Augusto Hauber. "Índices de preço para o transporte de cargas: o caso da soja a granel." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-17092003-140938/.
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Esta pesquisa foi motivada pela necessidade de desenvolvimento de uma metodologia para elaboração de índices de preços para os fretes de cargas agroindustriais no Brasil. O estudo das principais fórmulas utilizadas na elaboração dos índices culminou com a apresentação de um ranking segundo sua superioridade no atendimento às aproximações. Concluiu-se que os índices de Fisher e Walsh são aqueles capazes de atender ao maior número de preceitos lógicos, estatísticos e econômicos. Em seguida surgem os índices geométricos de Vartia, Törnqvist e Theil. Os índices de Laspeyres e Paasche, apesar de apresentarem algumas sérias limitações, acabam sendo amplamente utilizados na prática devido à fácil operacionalização. A pesquisa sobre os índices existentes para o transporte ratifica a idéia de que o Índice de Laspeyres é o mais utilizado. Essa análise ainda mostrou que os índices geralmente são elaborados com rotas bem definidas, para modais e tipo de carga bem definidos. A presente pesquisa apresentou um estudo de caso objetivando avaliar as variações nos procedimentos possíveis para a elaboração dos índices. A utilização de um estudo específico é justificada pela necessidade de se avaliar empiricamente os resultados obtidos a partir de índices distintos. Nesse sentido, foi escolhido o transporte rodoviário da soja a granel no Brasil. Foram realizados quatro tratamentos. Os tratamentos 1 e 4 mostraram-se mais adequados para a obtenção de um índice para o nível geral de frete. O primeiro, entretanto, apresenta baixa capacidade em fornecer informações mais desagregadas (sub-índices), uma vez que apresenta apenas agrupamento por faixas de distância. O quarto tratamento, por utilizar equações do preço em função da distância, deve ser considerado com ressalvas no fornecimento de sub-índices específicos. A principal vantagem que se espera desse tratamento é o conhecimento do nível geral dos preços sem perda de informações. Esse tratamento, sob o ponto de vista das aproximações, parece bastante razoável: atende à maior parte dos testes axiomáticos, está baseado em fundamentos estatísticos sólidos e utiliza uma função econômica que, estimada, fornece uma relação entre preço e quantidade. Os tratamentos 2 e 3, por sua vez, procuraram, por meio da desagregação, dispor de uma maior riqueza de informações, apresentando sub-índices por faixas de distância e regiões de origem e destino. Contudo, essa vantagem implica um esforço significativamente maior no processo de amostragem. A principal conseqüência de se trabalhar com informações incompletas é a ocorrência de sérias distorções (vieses) nos resultados finais.Em termos de informações para ponderação, foram testadas duas possibilidades: uma através da utilização da própria amostra (a distância percorrida), outra com o uso de informações exógenas (no caso, de uma matriz origem-destino que foi construída para esse fim). Recomenda-se a utilização de matrizes origem-destino, baseando-se no argumento de que isso diminuiria a responsabilidade sobre o processo amostral que, além dos preços, deveria também abranger as quantidades movimentadas. A realização da pesquisa permitiu a obtenção da variação acumulada no nível geral de preços para o transporte rodoviário de soja no Brasil no período entre fevereiro de 1998 e março de 2002. De acordo com os resultados dos tratamentos 1 e 4, essa variação teria sido de 76%.This research was motivated by the necessity of developing a methodology to elaborate price indexes to cargo freights for agroindustrial products in Brazil. The study on the most used mathematical formulas to elaborate indexes resulted in a ranking that considers their superiority in terms of theoretical approximations. It was concluded that Fisher and Walsh indexes are those that attend most of the logical, statistical and economic principles, followed by the geometric indexes, like Vartia, Törnqvist and Theil. Laspeyres and Paasche, in spite of their limitations, are widely used in practice. The research on the existing transportation indexes ratifies the idea that the Laspeyres is the most used. The analysis also showed that these indexes are generally calculated considering well-defined routes to specific transportation modes and cargoes. A case study was selected to evaluate variations on possible procedures to index elaboration. The utilization of a specific study is justified by the need of empirically evaluating the results to be obtained through different indexes. In view of that, it was chosen the bulk soybean hauled by road transport in Brazil. Four treatments were conducted. The treatments 1 and 4 seemed to be more suitable to calculate an index for a general price level. The first one, nevertheless, shows low capacity to supply less aggregated information, provided that has only items related to different distances groups. The fourth, which uses equations of price in function of distance, should be carefully considered when referring to sub-indexes transparency. The main advantage of this treatment is the knowledge of general price level without information loss. This treatment, under the theorical approach, looks quite reasonable: it attempts to the majority of axiomatic tests, is based on statistics foundation and uses an economic function that, when estimated, gives the relation between price and quantity. The treatments 2 and 3, in their turn, try to rank more information through disaggregation, showing sub-indexes for distances groups and origin and destination regions. On the other side, this advantage causes the need of significantly more efforts (large number of observations) in sampling process. The outcome of incomplete information is the occurrence of distortion (errors) in final results. Related to the weighting system, two possibilities were tested: using the own sample as the main source (traveled distance), or using exogenous information (in this case, from an origin-destination matrix built for this purpose). Its recommended the employment of origin-destination matrixes, based on the argument that this would reduce the responsibility over the sampling process that, beyond the prices, should comply the volumes that were transported. As a result, it was obtained that the general price level variation of the soybean transported by road in Brazil, between February 1998 and March 2002, was 76%, considering the treatments 1 and 4.
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Margail, Fabienne. "Les parcs relais, outils clés de politiques intermodales de déplacement urbain." Phd thesis, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENPC9633.
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La métropolisation, fruit des mouvements de concentration et d'étalement des populations et des activités qui depuis une vingtaine d'années affectent les grandes villes françaises, s'est accompagnée de bouleversements des modes de vie ainsi que de modifications structurelles des besoins de déplacement quotidien des personnes. C’est dans ce contexte socio-organisationnel que des stratégies de parcs relais, visant à organiser la complémentarité des moyens de transport collectif et individuel, ont été mises en œuvre dans les agglomérations et régions françaises. Ils peuvent concrétiser trois principaux types d'enjeux pour leurs différents promoteurs potentiels entre lesquels un compromis de réalisation et gestion doit être trouvé : optimisation de la rentabilité de l'offre de transport sur laquelle sont rabattus les flux diffus, organisation de l'intermodalité et de transferts modaux pour améliorer la desserte territoriale, orientation du développement urbain par réaffectation d'espaces ou territorialisation en des nœuds de réseaux. Ils fonctionnent dans les faits en instruments de maintien de noyaux urbains concentrés dont ils facilitent l'accessibilité ; mais plus largement, à l'échelle fonctionnelle des régions urbaines, ils instaurent un modèle d'organisation hiérarchisée des réseaux dans lequel un déplacement peut être réalisé en utilisant successivement transport collectif et automobile, chacun dans leur domaine géographique d'efficacité socio-économique maximum. La confrontation des échecs ou succès mitigés, finalement obtenus en France, avec les expériences en la matière de pays tant planificateurs (Allemagne, Suisse) que libéraux (Etats-Unis, Royaume-Uni), nous montre que des innovations techniques, organisationnelles et institutionnelles doivent être introduites aux étapes de localisation, conception et exploitation de ces pivots de chaines modales, également interfacés avec le territoire. Elles devront assurer dans le même temps leur intégration dans des politiques locales de déplacement à resituer au sein de réflexions globales sur le fonctionnement et le devenir des aires urbainesMetropolisation, the result of the shifting patterns of concentration and expansion in populations and activities which have been affecting large French cities over the last twenty years, has been accompanied by major developments in lifestyle as well as structural changes in people’s daily travel needs. The individualisation of behaviours, the break-up of traditional forms of relationship, the spatial and temporal de-synchronization of rhythms have resulted in the dispersion of mobility flow over vast areas which tend to be globally appropriated by means of several public transport networks, or more often, the car. These developments have led to the exacerbation of traffic and parking problems in and towards the sectors of greatest density where the most efficient public transport networks are to be found. This is the socio-organisational background against which park and ride strategies, the aim of which is to organise the complementarity of public and individual means of transport, have been implemented in the agglomerations and regions of France. They represent three main types of challenge for their various potential developers between which a compromise with regard to their conception and management must be found : optimisation of profitability for the transport offer through an incease in users, the organisation of intermodality and modal transfers to cover a wider area, and the orientation of urban concentration to which they facilitate access, but on a wider scale, that of the functioning of urban regions, they establish a hierarchical model of network organisation within which a journey may be made using both public transport and the car, one after the other, each in the geographical area where its level of socio-economic efficiency is at its maximum. The comparison between the failures or mixed successes finally obtained in France and the experience both of countries with strong planning policies (Germany, Switzerland) and liberal countries (United States, United Kingdom), show us that technical, organisational and institutional innovations should be introduced at the location, design and operational stages of theses pivots in the modal chain, which are also interfaces with the region. At the same time, they shoul be intergrated into local tranport policies which must be placed at the centre of overall thinking on the functioning and future or urban areas
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Saidani, Michael. "Monitoring and advancing the circular economy transition : Circularity indicators and tools applied to the heavy vehicle industry." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC071/document.
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Cette thèse fournit des clés pour mesurer, améliorer et piloter la performance de circularité de produits industriels à différentes échelles d’implémentation de l’économie circulaire (micro, meso, macro). Plusieurs indicateurs de circularité y sont expérimentés au travers d’un cas d’étude industriel et une analyse critique de ces indicateurs est effectuée au regard, entre autres, du paradigme de l’économie circulaire, et de leur intégration dans les pratiques industrielles de (re)conception et développement de produits et services. Dans le même temps, en réponse au nombre croissant d’indicateurs de circularité développés, de périmètres et d’ambitions inégales, une taxonomie d’indicateurs de circularité est proposée dans le but de clarifier le flou actuel autour de cette nébuleuse d’indicateurs de circularité. Cette classification ordonnée d’indicateurs est accompagnée de son outil informatique d’aide à la sélection afin de faciliter leurs usages appropriés. Un nouvel indicateur de circularité est également développé et expérimenté, puis des recommandations pour le développement d’indicateurs futurs sont discutées. Bien que les indicateurs évoqués dans la thèse aient pour vocation à être utilisés pour tout type de secteur, l’industrie des véhicules lourds en est le cadre d’application. En effet, en l’absence de réglementation européenne sur la fin de vie de ces véhicules, il s’agit d’identifier, de questionner et de tester les leviers d’actions que cette industrie peut activer pour améliorer sa performance dans une perspective d’économie circulaire.Tout d’abord, les meilleures pratiques et les défis actuels de l’industrie des véhicules légers et des véhicules lourds sont mis en exergue au regard des quatre pierres angulaires de l’économie circulaire définis par la Fondation Ellen MacArthur (conception circulaire, nouveaux modèles d’affaires, logistique inversée, écosystème) et des quatre boucles principales du modèle circulaire (maintenance, réutilisation, reconditionnement, recyclage). Ces pratiques exemplaires sont synthétisées au sein d’un guide de deux pages pour faciliter leur diffusion et adoption par les praticiens industriels désirant mettre en oeuvre de tels modèles de circularité. Par la suite, une étude industrielle pilote a été menée avec un constructeur d’engins de manutention cherchant à développer son activité de reconditionnement d’engins en fin de vie. Inspiré par des investigations sur le terrain couplé à un état de l’art étendu, une modélisation multi-échelles – a) engin et composants clés, b) processus de démantèlement, c) filières de valorisation – a permis (i) de proposer et de valider une amélioration (en temps et en ressources) des opérations de démontage d’un point de vue organisationnel et technique, (ii) d’effectuer une analyse économique et environnementale des activités de démantèlement et de valorisation. Un premier outil d’aide à la décision a également été conçu pour accompagner l’industriel dans la valorisation optimale de son engin en fin de vie. Des réflexions sur la généralisation et transposition des approches développées à d’autres engins ou secteurs sont données, ainsi que des pistes de recherche prometteuses pour accomplir davantage la transition vers une économie circulaire – effective, efficiente et durableImplementing circular economy practices is increasingly acknowledged as a convenient solution to meet the goals of sustainable development. Meanwhile, there is at present no recognized way of measuring how effectively a region or a company is in making the transition to a circular economy, nor holistic monitoring tools for supporting such a process. New methods and tools are required to support industrial practitioners in their transition towards more circular practices, as well as to monitor the effects of circular economy adoption. In absence of regulations addressing the end-of-life management of their fleet, the heavy vehicles industry is both a challenging and promising industrial sector – of huge economic and environmental importance, but barely addressed from a research perspective – that needs to be boosted in its move to a more circular economy. An in-depth preliminary study reveals indeed huge potential to develop circular strategies and solutions in the heavy vehicles sector. This research explores the improvement potential for closing industrial material and components loops.On this basis, the objectives of the present Ph.D. thesis are: to provide an integrated and comprehensive framework to measure, improve and monitor the circularity performance of complex industrial systems; to identify the best mechanisms and action levers to close the loop on heavy vehicles and associated key components - providing thus decision-making support for the end-of-life management of heavy vehicles. At the intersection of design engineering and industrial ecology, this Ph.D thesis - by articles - aims to provide new meaningful insights both for academics and industrial practitioners. In fact, for each chapter, academic publications and industrial deliverables are given, illustrating and disseminating both theoretical contributions and practical implications. For instance, it includes: a proposed taxonomy of circularity indicators and its associated selection tool; an experimentation and critical analysis of several circularity indicators on a heavy vehicle’s key component; the design of a multi-tool methodology to model, simulate and quantify the impact of potential circular strategies; an industrial pilot study on an end-of-life heavy vehicle, dealing with the techno-economic and environmental analysis of possible recovery options
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Quinino, Roberto da Costa. "Modelo econométrico para demanda de transporte aéreo regular doméstico : abordagem clássica e bayesiana." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 1992. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1796.
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O presente trabalho representa uma contribuição, teórica e prática, ao estudo do modelamento da demanda de transporte aéreo regular doméstico. O trabalho divide-se em três partes: na primeira são discutidas as escolhas das variáveis do modelo. Ainda nessa parte, pesquisa-se, através da metodologia de Box-Cox, forma funcional do modelo. Na segunda é apresentada a inferência Bayesiana como método poderoso para incorporar informações. Na última é realizada estimação clássica e bayesiana dos parâmetros do modelo adotado e verificada as hipóteses a ele associado.
Books on the topic "Economy of transports"
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A political economy analysis of China's civil aviation industry. New York: Routledge, 2002.
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Carrasco, Juan Francisco Montalbán. El papel de los transportes en la economía política de Africa Austral =: The role of transports in the political economy of Southern Africa. Madrid: Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional, 1991.
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Great Britain. Standing Advisory Committee on Trunk Road Assessment. Transport and the economy. London: DETR, 1999.
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Odiyo, John Ogony, Peter Bitta Bikam, and James Chakwizira, eds. Green Economy in the Transport Sector. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86178-0.
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Banister, David, and Kenneth Button, eds. Transport in a Free Market Economy. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11439-9.
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June, Burnham, ed. Freight transport and the modern economy. New York: Routledge, 2013.
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David, Banister, and Button Kenneth John, eds. Transport in a free market economy. London: Macmillan, 1991.
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Knoflacher, Hermann. Transport policy between economy and ecology. Espoo, Finland: Technical Research Centre of Finland, 1991.
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Gujar, Girish Chandrakant, and Adolf K. Y. Ng. Blue Economy and Smart Sea Transport Systems. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21634-3.
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Ratcliffe, Brian. Economy and efficiency in transport and distribution. 2nd ed. London: Kogan Page, 1987.
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Jones, Colin. "Transport policies." In Urban Economy, 175–91. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003027515-17.
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Rallis, Tom. "City Transport Economy." In CITY TRANSPORT in Developed and Developing Countries, 86–140. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19087-4_5.
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Odiyo, John Ogony, Peter Bitta Bikam, and James Chakwizira. "Conclusion." In Green Economy in the Transport Sector, 119–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86178-0_8.
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AbstractTransition to green economy and transport is crucial to reduce environmental problems such as greenhouse gas emissions and climate change in South Africa. However, the challenges associated with the transition present opportunities for innovation and mitigation within the green economy and transport sector. Green economy and transport sector initiatives have the potential to address economic and environmental challenges and open new sources of growth.
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Huq, Mozammel, and Michael Tribe. "Transport and Communications." In The Economy of Ghana, 279–92. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-60243-5_14.
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Chakwizira, James. "Regulatory Frameworks, Policies, Norms and Standards." In Green Economy in the Transport Sector, 79–117. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86178-0_7.
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AbstractThis chapter provides a review of policies, strategies, and regulations in the transport sector. The narrative plays out in terms of outlining national, provincial, and local application dimensions and impacts of transport using green transport lenses. The different application scales for transport policies, strategies and regulations as enunciated through different spheres of government constitutes the main thread of the discussion. In any case, the impact and outcomes of government and non-governmental transport intervention are discussed from a green transport perspective. Complementary to this, the role and scope for norms and standards in promoting green transport policy, innovation and activities is outlined. A thematic approach is used in unpacking green transport issues with respect to transport in Limpopo province. The analysis is anchored within the green transport systems theory of innovation framework.
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Anisimova, Maria, Irina Rudskaya, Angi Skhvediani, and Valeriia Arteeva. "Competencies for Digital Economy: Economic Engineer for Transport Industry." In Digital Transformation on Manufacturing, Infrastructure & Service, 431–41. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32719-3_33.
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Kågeson, Per. "A Closer Look at Transport." In Economy & Environment, 257–63. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5264-8_18.
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Rodrigue, Jean-Paul. "Transportation, economy and society." In The Geography of Transport Systems, 90–123. Fifth edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429346323-3.
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Rodrigue, Jean-Paul. "Transportation, economy, and society." In The Geography of Transport Systems, 72–102. 6th ed. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003343196-3.
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Schwedes, Oliver. "1. On the Political Economy of Transport." In Transport in Capitalism, 13–38. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839464519-003.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Economy of transports"
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Ellington, Louis, Glenn McAndrews, Alexander Harsema-Mensonides, and Ravi Tanwar. "Gas Turbine Propulsion for LNG Transports." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90715.
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GE aero-derivative gas turbines were first introduced into marine operations during the late 1960’s and early 1970’s. GE is now leveraging its many years of proven marine experience and offshore dual-fuel experience to offer dual-fuel gas turbines for LNG Carrier (LNGC) propulsion and electric power. With building of new larger LNGC’s now beginning, the industry is seriously considering a change to gas turbine based systems in order to capitalize on their many advantages. CoGES (combined gas turbine — steam generator electric) plants for LNGC’s consist of dual-fueled gas-turbine-generator (GTG) set(s) and auxiliaries, heatrecovery steam generator (HSRG), a steam-turbine-generator set, feed-water, steam and condensate systems. Leveraging cruise-ship reliability programs, the GTG instrumentation and control systems are single-point fault tolerant. Gas turbine power plants offer many additional advantages, including but not limited to: Use of boil-off gas as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly fuel (slow speed diesel ships require complex on-board reliquifaction of boil-off gas). When installed on deck, CoGES plants provide high power-volume density that translates into increased cargo revenue and deferred capital cost. Gas turbines ease of maintenance and quick changeout. Developed to meet the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC) and classification society standards for marine applications, GE’s 2 X LM2500 CoGES plant is a very simple and reliable solution. Dry-run capable HRSG’s are used in lieu of exhaust damper and by-pass systems. Outage of any one prime mover leaves the plant with nominally 50% power remaining. Common spares are inherent. Established as having an equivalent level of safety as traditional LNGC propulsion systems via FMECA type studies, the 2 x dual-fueled LM2500 CoGES plant has been “Approved in Principle” by Class for use on LNG Carriers. Alternatively, GE’s 1 X dual-fueled LM6000 or 1 X LM2500+/G4 CoGES plant addresses capital & operating cost pressures via reduced equipment costs and improved fuel economy. Redundancy and simplicity are achieved via a dry-run capable HRSG and an STG, combined with auxiliary diesel generator sets. Both the LM2500 family and LM6000 CoGES plants offer viable alternatives to traditional steam turbine and slow-speed-diesel propulsion. Gas-fuel, liquid-fuel, and bi-fuel operation provide flexibility and redundancy to ship owners who must safely and reliably deliver cargo at the lowest possible cost per MMBTU throughout a fleet life cycle.
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Arsakaev, I. "Economic problems of transport cooperation with other sectors of the economy." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE ON RAILWAY TRANSPORT AND ENGINEERING (RTE 2021). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0063700.
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Gerhátová, Zuzana, Vladislav Zitrický, and Jozef Gašparík. "Influence of wagon control unit on economics benefits in the freight railway transport." In TRANSPORT FOR TODAY'S SOCIETY. Faculty of Technical Sciences Bitola, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20544/tts2021.1.1.21.p33.
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Abstract – At present, the world economy is experiencing major technical and economic changes. In the field of rail transport, the challenge is the implementation of information and communication technologies, i.e. the incorporation of Industry 4.0 elements into the operation of rail transport. An important part of this is their mutual global integration. The aim of the article is to economically assess the introduction of the Industry 4.0 element of the wagon control unit into the transport process in rail transport. The premise of the research task is based on the experience of implementing intelligent sensors in rail freight transport in some countries of the European Union. Based on the analysis of the use of information and communication technologies in rail transport, an economic evaluation of the design of the wagon control unit will be carried out in the article. Keywords – railway transport, digitalization, Industry 4.0
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Fox, H., and E. Eweka. "Simulation of hybrid buses: a study of fuel economy and emissions." In URBAN TRANSPORT 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ut090131.
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Mudronja, Gorana, Dea Aksentijević, and Alen Jugović. "An overview of innovations and technology for sustainable development of seaports." In Maritime Transport Conference. Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Iniciativa Digital Politècnica, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/mt.10928.
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Seaports are important factors in global economies since most of the global trade is operated through maritime sector. Economic importance of seaports can be observed from various positive effects they produce for the area where they are located. At the same time, seaport activities create negative effects on the environment such as marine, air and soil pollution, waste production and noise generation that affect the health and quality of life of people. This paper analyses the possibility of achieving sustainable development of seaports through the development and implementation of innovations. The implementation of innovations in seaports affect the success of their operations, reduces business costs and creates conditions for maintaining a competitive position on the market; thereby affecting the economy as a whole. Moreover, innovations reduce negative effects on the environment thus affecting the ecological aspect and improve the quality of life of citizens, thus affecting the social aspect. The results of the research indicate that innovations in the maritime sector are mostly focused on the existing markets and include a discounted process of small improvements in the areas of vessel design and construction, fuel technology and port infrastructure. However, the development possibilities of seaports can also include innovations that are more focused on information and communication technologies (ICT). Innovations can address economic, social and environmental concerns and can give alternative guidelines for achieving sustainable development of seaports.
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Dal Bosco Jr, Alceu, Rodrigo Otávio Fraga Peixoto de Oliveira, Helena Pauline Schulze, Gustavo Taniguchi, and Manoela Fajgenbaum Feiges. "AVALIAÇÃO DA PERCEPÇÃO DE ACESSIBILIDADE AO TRANSPORTE COLETIVO VERSUS ECONOMIA DA VIAGEM." In 3º Simpósio de Transportes do Paraná. 4º Seminário em Aeroportos e Transporte Aéreo. 4º Urbanidade. Departamento de Transportes (DTT/UFPR), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/3stpr2022.resumo04p113-114.
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Zyurina, O. A., and O. V. Ivanchina. "Ecologization of economy and transport." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE & EXPOSITION ON MECHANICAL, MATERIAL, AND MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY (ICE3MT 2022). AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0133813.
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Rosi, Maja, Gabrijela Škrjanec, and Bojan Rosi. "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on international freight transport in Slovenia and EU." In 1st International Scientific Conference on Economy, Management and Information Technologies-ICEMIT 2023. Toplica Academy of Applied Studies, Department of Business Studies Blace, Serbia, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/icemit23.071r.
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The sudden emergence of COVID-19 and the declaration of a pandemic in the year 2020 has significantly impacted all factors of the economy, including international trade of goods. International freight transport (road, rail, air, and maritime) was also affected. The research analyses the changes in the implementation of international freight transport during the COVID-19 pandemic in EU countries. The main research question was: How did the COVID-19 pandemic impact international freight transport in Slovenia and selected EU member countries? According to the results, we can see that the pandemic outbreak had a different impact on each type of transport. Some modes of transport were more negatively affected by the pandemic than others. In the case of international road freight transport, the pandemic positively affected it (both in Slovenia and at the EU level) since the volume of transported goods increased.
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Yakymchuk, Alina, Mykola Svets, Nataliia Ostapiuk, and Oksana Zayachkivska. "Innovative Transport Technologies of Ukraine: Sustainable Development, Economy, Infrastructure." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002297.
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Abstract. The state and development of the national economy depend on the sustainable development of transport. Increasing productivity of the economy branches determines the formation of the basis for achieving sustainable devel-opment for both states and individual territories. The aim of this investigation is an optimizing of activity of transport system of Ukraine, to develop international cooperation between Ukraine and European Union in the field of introduction of innovation technologies on transport. The authors examine the condition of Ukraine’s transport system, its production activities, and, in particular, the perspectives of introduction of innovative technologies in national transport system. A set of measures for economic stimulating the transport system has been offered. The state of the Ukrainian transport infrastructure has been analyzed and the possibilities of introduction of transport innovations, which are successful in the European Union, have been revealed. Keywords: Transport System Integration Economic Policy Transport Innova-tions
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ZHANG, YAN, and WIM RAVESTEIJN. "SUSTAINABLE PORT DEVELOPMENT BASED ON THE BLUE ECONOMY FRAMEWORK IN CHINA: THE EXAMPLE OF QINGDAO PORT." In MARITIME TRANSPORT 2019. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/mt190121.
Full textReports on the topic "Economy of transports"
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Mesquita Moreira, Mauricio. IIRSA Economic Fundamentals. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011043.
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This paper revisits IIRSA's economic fundamentals, looking at the motivation behind regional integration, the importance of transport versus policy related trade costs, and the likely impact of the initiative on regional disparities and growth.
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MIRKINA, OLGA. ASSESSMENT OF THE TRANSPORT SYSTEM OF THE SMOLENSK REGION. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2070-7568-2021-10-1-3-99-103.
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The transport system is the most important branch of the economy of the country and the region. The article considers the transport system of the Smolensk region, analyzes the main statistical indicators of transport and transport infrastructure. Trends have been identified, the development of customs and logistics infrastructure is called the development of the transport system of the Smolensk region.
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Hayashi, Tadateru, Sanchita Basu Das, Manbar Singh Khadka, Ikumo Isono, Souknilanh Keola, Kenmei Tsubota, and Kazunobu Hayakawa. Economic Impact Analysis of Improved Connectivity in Nepal. Asian Development Bank, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps200312-2.
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This study estimates and analyzes the economic impact of ongoing and future infrastructure development projects in Nepal by using the geographical simulation model developed by the Institute of Developing Economies (IDE-GSM). The IDE-GSM is a computational general equilibrium model based on spatial economics. The simulation analysis reveals that ongoing infrastructure development projects in Nepal benefit the country’s economy, and that the planned connectivity improvement with India will have positive impact with anticipated major shift in mode of transport for trade. The study takes into consideration efforts by the Government of Nepal to promote and strengthen international connectivity under the South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation framework.
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Idei, Rika, Kiyoshi Taniguchi, and Zulfiya Bakhtibekova. Challenges to Women’s Economic Empowerment in Rural Tajikistan: A Study from Road Projects. Asian Development Bank, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/brf230349-2.
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This brief analyzes ways to economically empower women in rural Tajikistan and highlights how better integrating measures into the development of critical transport infrastructure projects can help narrow the substantial gender gap. It assesses why Tajik women’s educational attainment is lower, shows how they are under-represented in the job market, and explains the challenges posed by deep-rooted intrafamilial hierarchies. Drawing on survey results, it shows how women benefitted from ADB transport projects that included empowerment activities and explains why understanding cultural norms and providing help to start businesses can boost women’s socioeconomic capacity.
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Xu, Xun, and Tianduo Peng. Economic Structural Change and Freight Transport Demand in China. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2020-dp26.
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After decades of rapid economic development, China is quickly becoming the world’s second-largest transport energy consumer. Recently, it has also surpassed the United States (U.S.) as the world’s largest oil importer, and it is expected to become the largest oil consumer by the early 2030s.
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Larsson, Madeleine, Karin Tonderski, Genevieve Metson, and Nils-Hassan Quttineh. Towards a more circular biobased economy and nutrient use on Gotland: finding suitable locations for biogas plants. Linköping University Electronic Press, July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/report.diva-194234.
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In this study we have investigated the role of biogas solutions to support increased resource efficiency on the island Gotland, including recovery and redistribution of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) within the agricultural sector. First, we analyzed the potential for expanding energy and nutrient recovery from organic residues using biogas solutions. Our findings suggest that the biogas production could expand to 165 GWh, from the current 36 GWh (2020), with manure accounting for a potential 110 GWh biogas annually if all were digested. Comparing the nutrients contained in organic feedstock with the crop nutrient demand on Gotland showed that for N the demand is 2.4 times higher than the supply. In contrast, the calculations showed a 137 tonnes P surplus, with distinct excess areas in the center and southern part of the island. We then compared scenarios with different numbers (3 - 15) of biogas plants with respect to efficient nutrient redistribution and transport costs. Spatial constraints for new plants, e.g. need for roads with a certain capacity and permit issues, were accounted for by adding local information to a national data set. We identified 104 potential locations (1 km$^2$ grid cells) and used an optimization model to identify the most suitable locations for minimized transport costs. Optimal (meeting the crop demand with no excess) redistribution of all nutrients contained in the feedstock, as raw digestate from biogas plants, would result in an export of 127 tonnes of P from the island. The model results indicated that if all potential feedstock would be digested in three additional biogas plants and nutrients redistributed for optimal reuse, the total transport cost would be 2.6 million SEK annually, excluding the costs for nutrient export from the island (3.7 million SEK). If instead 10 or 15 smaller plants would be built, the transport cost would drop to 1.8 million SEK, with the same amount of P being exported. Comparing the scenarios with different number of biogas plants (3 - 15), showed that some locations are more suitable than others in terms of distance to feedstock and to fields with fertilizer demands. Finally, a preliminary analysis of the amount of crop residues indicated that this type of feedstock could add a substantial amount of biogas production, but more extensive analyses are needed to assess the feasibility to realize part of that potential.
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Arbib, James, and Tony Seba. Rethinking Transportation: A Policy Primer for the Coming Transportation Disruption. RethinkX, May 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.61322/oygu9559.
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The disruption of road transport by a new business model, Transport-as-a-Service (TaaS), has the potential to provide cities, states, and the US economy with their biggest boost in a century, while helping solve some persistent social and environmental problems at zero cost. Fleets of autonomous electric vehicles, owned by fleets (not individuals) will offer ways to transport people at much lower cost, leading to a boost in disposable incomes of more than $5,600 per household (or $1 trillion in aggregate per year), with a further $1 trillion per year boost to GDP from productivity gains. These gains will be spread far more evenly across society than tax cuts and will flow back into the economy, with the potential to create many new jobs, helping to compensate on a larger scale for those lost. This is a technology disruption – not just an energy shift – and the infrastructure for it is already mostly here.
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Rodrigue, Jean-Paul. The Benefits of Logistics Investments: Opportunities for Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009007.
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Transportation is an inherently crucial factor in supporting economic activities as well as providing opportunities for economic development. As such, the provision of transport infrastructures is a common priority in capital investment, particularly in Latin America and the Caribbean where infrastructural capabilities are often lacking. The purpose of this report is to underline the key dimensions behind the benefits of logistics investments. It particularly focuses on port / hinterland supply chains in which the setting of logistics zones, transport and logistics corridors and inland ports provide a salient example of the multiplying effects of transport infrastructure and freight logistics investments.
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Beard, George. New Mobility - Alternative transport for better outcomes. TRL, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.58446/ykrl1775.
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Freedom of movement is enshrined in Article 13 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The expression of this right relies on there being accessible and safe transport available for people to use. Furthermore, transport underpins the fundamental needs of society to move goods and people around. Transport is not performing as well as it could. In many ways the freedom of movement for people and goods that transport supports is now more damaging than it needs to be to the environment, to the economy, and to people. TRL’s vision for new mobility is a transport system that provides better choice and access for everyone, serving as an enabler for better outcomes across these areas. In practice new mobility refers to a range of existing and emerging transport modes, services and technologies that have potential to provide a compelling alternative to the motor vehicle. At its core, new mobility is about rebalancing the movement of both people and goods away from single occupancy, inefficient, fossil-fuel powered vehicles. But achieving these goals is not straightforward; there is no ‘silver bullet’ that can entirely replace the need for internal combustion engine vehicles and solve all of our societal challenges. Instead the answer lies in understanding, developing and implementing the right mix of new mobility solutions.
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Nimesh, Vikas, Md Saddam Hussain, Anmol Jain, and Pramod Kumar Singh. Assessing Transport Patterns and Local transport routes in Assam and Meghalaya. Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE), April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62576/xjuo3622.
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The report on “Transport Pattern in Assam and Meghalaya” meticulously examines the current state of transportation within these regions, focusing on road networks, user preferences, and the environmental impact of existing transport modes. It identifies significant challenges, such as congestion, pollution, and the need for infrastructure upgrades, while exploring the potential for introducing sustainable and electric vehicle options. The analysis includes recommendations for enhancing transportation efficiency, improving public transport systems, and encouraging the adoption of greener alternatives. Aimed at stakeholders and policymakers, this document offers insights into creating more sustainable and efficient transportation networks in Assam and Meghalaya, catering to their unique geographical and socio-economic contexts.