Relevant bibliographies by topics / ECONOMY OF SALE

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'ECONOMY OF SALE'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 26 October 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "ECONOMY OF SALE"

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Alborov, R. A., L. I. Horuzhy, E. V. Zaharova, and G. R. Alborov. "Accounting for sales costs, income and expenses from the sales of gardening, viticulture and nursery products in the conditions of the digital economy." Buhuchet v sel'skom hozjajstve (Accounting in Agriculture), no. 11 (November 8, 2022): 722–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-11-2211-01.

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The article deals with the organization of cost accounting for the sale of income and expenses from the sale of horticulture, viticulture, fruit growing products in the digital economy. Methodical aspects of accounting and write-off of expenses for the sale of products of the indicated subsectors of agriculture are proposed. Recommendations have been developed to improve the analytical and synthetic accounting of income, expenses and financial results from the sale of horticulture, viticulture and nursery products when it is automated in the digital economy.
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Desmawan, Deris, Rizal Syaifudin, and Sugeng Setyadi. "Optimization BUMDes through Processing Of Banana Agricultural Products Into Banana Sale, To Obtain Added Value in Cihanjuang Village, Cibaliung." MOVE: Journal of Community Service and Engagement 2, no. 1 (September 4, 2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.54408/move.v2i1.121.

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One of the economic development efforts in Chihanjuang village is to develop a Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes). The purpose of this activity is to help improve the economy of the people of Chihanjuang village by providing people with understanding and skills in processing bananas into sale. Bananas are a considerable agricultural product in the village of Cihanjuang. The production of bananas is quite abundant at a low price, making BUMDes attempt to produce more high-value products. A lumpy banana sale is a finger sale process wrapped in a lumpy skin. Banana sale is a semi-wet food made from ripe bananas by drying, and frying. This community service activity was carried out on 15 August 2022 in Chihanjuang village by overseeing the development of village-owned enterprises (BUMDes) in agriculture, and practicing how to process lumpia banana sales to PKK cadres into a program that can boost the economy in the community.
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Mavelli, Luca. "Citizenship for Sale and the Neoliberal Political Economy of Belonging." International Studies Quarterly 62, no. 3 (May 16, 2018): 482–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqy004.

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Bahadir, Allekov. "CRIMINOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PREVENTION OF THE ACQUISITION OR SALE OF PROPERTY OBTAINED BY CRIMINAL MEANS." American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology 05, no. 04 (April 1, 2023): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/volume05issue04-03.

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The relevance of the research topic is that the manifestation of criminal relations in various spheres of public life, including the economy, is increasing quantitatively. The main factors contributing to this process are the weakening of control in the administrative sphere, insufficiently dynamic and timely improvement of the legal framework for combating crime. In the system of illegal economic activity, a fairly independent direction has emerged, associated with the acquisition or sale of property obtained by criminal means. Today it is a pronounced way of carrying out the illegal circulation of material values, the responsibility for which is provided for in Art. 171 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Little has been studied about the personality of criminals who have committed crimes in the sphere of the economy, whose characteristics differ significantly from the characteristics of subjects who have committed other crimes, both in terms of age, level of education, and social status.
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Ardiyansyah, Bagus, Drajat Tri Kartono, and Argyo Demartoto. "Dromologi dan Era Flash Sale: Tinjauan Geliat Manusia dalam Cyberspace." Simulacra 2, no. 2 (December 17, 2019): 115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/sml.v2i2.6143.

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The rate of development of information and communication technology today is increasingly massive and almost every time gives birth to new. Consumer activity has also shifted to the digital sector, or more massive in the artificial sector than in the real world. This is an era that is influenced by digital-economy, namely posteconomy. With its advantages, space-time freezing and freezing occur or in short space-time efficiency. The output of a human being created as a thinker, which uses his passion through the use of digital literacy in economic lines. One marketplace for buying daily necessities that are often visited by real people is Shopee. For the sake of maintaining the existence in the minds of consumers, Shopee began to aggressively take actions to link consumers or the community, one of them by making a flash sale. Furthermore, through descriptive-explanative qualitative methods with the type of library research; praxis loading and freezing of space-time (dromology) that happened as described by Paul Virilio in digital development, as a responsive substitution of real economic activity into the digital economy. Shopee uses strategic reality, the power of knowledge and the power of movement, even to make the body a commodity repertoire.
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Lee, Seoki, John W. O’Neill, and Sean McGinley. "Effects of economic conditions and other factors on hotel sale prices." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 28, no. 10 (October 10, 2016): 2267–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-07-2014-0363.

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Purpose This study aims to examine previously identified hotel automated valuation models (AVMs) using a more extensive and updated sample of hotel sale transaction data, introduce economic conditions as a new determinant for hotel market value and test the moderating role of economic conditions on the relationship between the previously identified indicators and market value, operationalized as sale transaction price. Design/methodology/approach This study performs simple and multiple regression analyses to examine the proposed relationships. The sample period is from 2000 to 2012, because the economy prior to 2000 is likely to have been a less-relevant economic environment for the contemporary business world. Findings As hypothesized, there is an insignificant main effect of economic conditions on hotel sale prices. A moderating role of economic conditions on the relationship between average daily rate (and net operating income) and market value was found, while no moderating effect was found for occupancy rate and hotel size. Results also find certain support for AVMs previously presented in the literature, as described herein. Originality/value This study attempts to make contributions to the existing lodging and real estate literature by investigating a main effect of economic conditions on hotel sale prices and a moderating role of economic conditions on the relationship between various hotel performance indicators and hotel sale prices. In addition, this study operationalizes a relatively extensive (large base sample size of 2,441 hotel sale transactions) and recent (since 2000) database compared to previous studies.
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Goldberg, Pinelopi Koujianou, and Giovanni Maggi. "Protection for Sale: An Empirical Investigation." American Economic Review 89, no. 5 (December 1, 1999): 1135–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.89.5.1135.

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The Grossman-Helpman “Protection for Sale” model, concerning the political economy of trade protection, yields clear predictions for the cross-sectional structure of import barriers. Our objective is to check whether the predictions of the Grossman-Helpman model are consistent with the data and, if the model finds support, to estimate its key structural parameters. We find that the pattern of protection in the United States in 1983 is broadly consistent with the predictions of the model. A surprising finding is that the weight of welfare in the government's objective function is many times larger than the weight of contributions. (JEL F1)
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Blatt, Inken Katharina, and Laura Marie Schons. "Is Sharing up for Sale? Market Exchanges in the Sharing Economy." Academy of Management Proceedings 2018, no. 1 (August 2018): 12880. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2018.12880abstract.

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Küper, Inken, and Laura Marie Edinger-Schons. "Is sharing up for sale? Monetary exchanges in the sharing economy." Journal of Business Research 121 (December 2020): 223–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.08.020.

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ZHANG, HAROLD H. "ENDOGENOUS SHORT-SALE CONSTRAINT, STOCK PRICES AND OUTPUT CYCLES." Macroeconomic Dynamics 1, no. 1 (January 1997): 228–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100597002083.

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This study examines the effect of short-sale constraints on a stock market, in particular, on stock prices, trading volume, and the relationship between stock price movements and output cycles. The economic model features incomplete markets and heterogeneous agents. The short-sale constraint is endogenously determined in the economy and is a function of agents' risk aversion, time preference, and exogenous driving forces. The dynamic model is solved using a policy function iteration algorithm. We find that, for an array of reasonable time-preference parameters and risk-aversion coefficients, the short sale limits range from 27 to 45% of total outstanding shares. Imposing short-sale constraints causes stock prices to move upward. Trading volume is high when some agents have a large amount of stock holdings but incur a negative shock on their nonfinancial income and is low when some agents have few stock holdings and also incur a negative shock to their nonfinancial income. Stock prices are found to be countercyclical and the expected stock returns are procyclical. These countercyclical stock-price movements are shown to be related to the imposition of a short-sale constraint.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "ECONOMY OF SALE"

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Best, Cortez Fiorella Alessandra, Silva Daniella Capurro, Delgado Abbyel Antuanette Chávarry, Ruiz Romina Natalia Lira, and de Somocurcio Cuadros Ana Paula Ruiz. "Wara Closet - Sale." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652303.

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En la actualidad el sector de la moda ha logrado posicionarse con mayor fuerza e importancia en el mundo y en el Perú. Esto se puede reforzar con lo que menciona Perú Retail en su plataforma web, la cual afirma que el mercado de moda podría llegar a mover unos US$ 1,326 millnes (Euromonitor International). Asimismo, es importante reconocer el rol importante que desempeñan los usuarios que deciden reinventarse ofreciendo prendas de segundo uso siguiendo los estándares de calidad, este fenómeno es conocido como el negocio de ropa de segunda mano. El presente proyecto se basa en la propuesta de una plataforma web intermediaria entre usuarios que poseen ropa o accesorios sin uso en buena calidad y clientes interesados en adquirir productos de moda con precios accesibles generando un proceso denominado economía circular. De esta forma, se evaluar la viabilidad operativa y económica de la venta de ropa y accesorios de segundo uso a través de la plataforma “Wara”. El internet y el avance en la tecnología permite optimizar las operaciones llevadas a cabo durante los diferentes procesos debido a que nuestras plataformas esenciales de venta son las redes sociales. El alcance mundial a través de canales on-line y la coyuntura actual son factores de oportunidad para implementar un negocio electrónico. La propagación del virus COVID 19 y la implementación de cuarentenas o estados de emergencia en diferentes países del mundo ha generado que las personas confinadas realicen prácticas de remodelación de dormitorios, guardar objetos sin uso pero sobretodo la limpieza de armarios. Ante ello, las personas a nivel mundial y nacional con la finalidad de obtener ingresos realizan este tipo de venta organica. Es importante señalar el crecimiento potencial y constante que muestra el mercado de reventa de moda, el cual se calcula un crecimiento de 20 veces más rápido que el mercado minorista peruano en los últimos tres años, según los índices de la investigación de Global Data para el Informe de la Segunda Mano 2019 (Perú Retail, 2019). Asocian este modelo de negocio con el impacto ambiental, el cual ha tomado mayor relevancia los últimos años. Es por este motivo, que se encontró potencial para el desarrollo de Wara, empresa que busca el bienestar social y medioambiental aportando significativamente con responsabilidad ante la realidad en la que se encuentra el planeta.
Currently the fashion sector has managed to position itself with greater strength and importance in the world and in Peru. This can be reinforced because Peru Retail (2019) mentions on its web platform that the fashion market could move around US $ 1,326 million (Euromonitor International). Likewise, it is important to recognize the important role played by users who decide to reinvent themselves by offering second-hand clothing following quality standards, this phenomenon is known as the second-hand clothing business. This project is based on the proposal of an intermediary web platform between users who have unused clothes or accessories in good quality and clients interested in acquiring fashion products with affordable prices, generating a process called circular economy. In this way, the operational and economic viability of the sale of second-use clothing and accessories through the “Wara” platform will be evaluated. The internet and the advancement in technology allow us to optimize the operations carried out during the different processes because our essential sales platforms are social networks. The global reach through online channels and the current situation are opportunity factors to implement an electronic business. The spread of the COVID 19 virus and the implementation of quarantines or states of emergency in different countries of the world have led to the confined people to carry out bedroom remodeling practices, store unused objects, but above all, closet cleaning. Given this, people worldwide and nationally in order to earn income carry out this type of organic sale. It is important to note the potential and constant growth shown by the fashion resale market, which is estimated to grow 20 times faster than the Peruvian retail market in the last three years, according to Global Data research indices for the Second Hand Report 2019 (Peru Retail, 2019). They associate this business model with the environmental impact, which has become more relevant in recent years. Regarding the financial structure of the project, it is essential to mention that the investment required to start operations is S / .6,029.24 and a financing of S / .50,000 to cover expenses and costs during the following operational years. The current situation does not allow the business model to be profitable due to the different limitations, which is why it does not show net profit in the projected 3 years.
Trabajo de investigación
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Tancredi, Matteo. "Progettazione e implementazione dell'app "ReHo": un social per la prenotazione di sale prove tramite sharing economy." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.

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Viviamo un periodo storico in cui tutto ciò che vogliamo o che cerchiamo è a portata di click. Fino a pochi anni fa utilizzavamo i computer, oggi invece utilizziamo gli smartphone e le applicazioni che lo ``compongono''. Ci sono app che vengono utilizzate per compiere qualsiasi tipo di azione: per la messaggistica, per gli acquisti online, per prenotare (quasi) qualsiasi cosa e via discorrendo. Sentiamo spesso parlare di "Sharing Economy", l'economia della condivisione: una persona mette ``in commercio'' un proprio bene, in cambio di altri beni o di denaro. Diverse applicazioni, nascono in funzione di questa tipologia di economia, per esempio: Airbnb permette di affittare la stanza o l'appartamento di qualcun'altro, Blablacar permette di prenotare un passaggio in macchina, Mobike permette di affittare una bici e così via. In questo elaborato, viene descritta l'implementazione e la progettazione di ReHo, una applicazione che permette di affittare un posto messo a disposizione da qualcun'altro per provare con la propria band o, un domani, con la propria compagnia teatrale o di danza. Infine, permette di creare annunci, conoscere altri musicisti e chattare con loro. Il progetto è stato sviluppato nel linguaggio Java con Android Studio, e la parte server è stata nella totalità affidata a Firebase.
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Shumba, Tapiwa. "Harmonising the law of sale in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) : an analysis of selected models." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86618.

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Thesis (LLD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: It is generally recognised that diversity of laws may act as a barrier to the development of trade, both at international and regional level. In a globalised era, trade is necessary for economic development and ultimately for the alleviation of poverty. Although the WTO has done extensive work towards the removal of tariff barriers, there is also a need to focus on addressing non-tariff barriers which include legal barriers to trade. Institutionalised legal harmonisation at an international level has provided the necessary impetus for the development of harmonised laws in the area of international trade. The creation of regional economic communities within the purview of the WTO has also given rise to the necessity of legal harmonisation to facilitate intra-regional trade. A number of regional economic communities and organisations have noted legal harmonisation as one of their areas of regional cooperation. This study focuses on the need to harmonise the law of international sale within the SADC region in order to facilitate cross-border trade. The study points out that the harmonisation of sales laws in SADC is important for the facilitation of both inter-regional and intra-regional trade with the aim of fostering regional integration, economic development and alleviating poverty. Although the necessity of harmonising sales laws has been identified, no effort to this end exists currently in the SADC region. This study addresses the mechanisms by which such harmonisation could be achieved by analysing three models which have been selected for this purpose, namely the CISG, the OHADA and the proposed CESL. The main issues addressed include whether SADC Member States should adopt the CISG, join OHADA, emulate the CESL or should use any of the other instruments as a model for creating a harmonised sales law for SADC. In conclusion, it is observed that SADC has its own institutional and operational mechanisms that require a process and instrument tailor-made for the unique needs of the region. It is recommended that SADC should create its own common sales law based on the CISG but taking into account lessons learnt from both the OHADA system and the CESL. A number of legislative, institutional and operational transformative and reform mechanisms are recommended to enable the creation of such a community law and ensure its uniform application and interpretation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Dit word algemeen aanvaar dat regsdiversiteit die ontwikkeling van internasionale en regionale handel kan strem. In 'n geglobaliseerde ekonomie is internasionale handel noodsaaklik vir ekonomiese onwikkeling en die uiteindelike verligting van armoede. Alhoewel die Wêreldhandelsorganisasie reeds belangrike werk doen om handelsbeperkinge te verlig, is daar ook 'n behoefte om, afgesien van tariewe, ook ander nie-tarief beperkinge op internasionale handel aan te spreek. Regsdiversiteit is een van hierdie beperkinge. Geïnstitusionaliseerde regsharmonisering op 'n internasionale vlak het reeds elders die nodige stukrag verleen vir die harmonisering van die reg van toepassing op internasionale handel. Die totstandkoming van regionale ekonomiese gemeenskappe binne die raamwerk van die Wêreldhandelsorganisasie noodsaak egter verdere regsharmonisering ten einde inter-regionale handel te kan bevorder. 'n Aantal streeksgemeenskappe en –organisasies hanteer reeds regsharmonisering as een van hul areas van samewerking op streeksvlak. Hierdie studie fokus op die behoefte om die internasionale koopreg binne die SAOG streek te harmoniseer ten einde oorgrenshandel te fasiliteer. Die studie toon aan dat harmonisering van die koopreg in die SAOG belangrik is ten einde beide inter-regionale asook intra-regionale handel te fasiliteer met die oog op die bevordering van streeksintegrasie, ekonomiese ontwikkeling en die verligting van armoede. Alhoewel die noodsaaklikheid van 'n geharmoniseerde koopreg geïdentifiseer is, is daar nog geen poging aangewend om dit binne die SAOG streek te bewerkstellig nie. Die studie spreek die meganismes aan waardeur harmonisering bereik kan word deur drie modelle wat vir hierdie doeleindes gekies is te ondersoek, naamlik die Internasionale Koopkonvensie (CISG), OHADA en die voorgestelde gemeenskaplike koopreg-regime van die Europese Unie (CESL). Van die kwessies wat aangespreek word is of the SAOG lidlande die Internasionale Koopkonvensie moet aanneem, by OHADA moet aansluit, alternatiewelik die Europese koopreg of enige van die ander instrumente as model gebruik vir die skep van ‟n geharmoniseerde SAOG koopreg. Ten slotte word daarop gewys dat die SAOG sy eie institusionele en operasionele meganismes het wat vereis dat die proses en instrument pas gemaak moet word vir die streek se unieke behoeftes. Dit word aanbeveel dat die SAOG sy eie gemeenskaplike koopreg moet skep wat op die CISG geskoei is, maar wat ook die lesse geleer uit die OHADA en die EU in ag neem. Ten einde so 'n gemeenskapsreg te kan skep en die uniforme toepassing en interpretasie daarvan te verseker, word 'n aantal wetgewende, institusionele en operasionele hervormingsmeganismes aan die hand gedoen.
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Faloppa, Mônica Araújo. "Proposta de procedimento de redução de resíduos têxteis no setor de corte em empresas de venda direta." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100133/tde-29112018-164854/.

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A venda direta é caracterizada como sendo um sistema de comercialização de bens de consumo e serviços, na qual o contato pessoal entre vendedores e compradores é realizado fora de um estabelecimento comercial fixo. O Brasil ocupa a quarta posição no ranking da World Federation of Direct Selling Associations (WFDSA), atrás apenas dos Estados Unidos, Japão e China. Em alguns casos, os pedidos provindos das chamadas consultoras de vendas, não são compatíveis com a rotina da confecção destinada à produção em larga escala, pois, alguns produtos são específicos para um tipo determinado de público-alvo e, por isso, não tem uma aceitação em massa. Para este tipo de produto deve-se ter uma atenção especial às características dos tecidos e a tecnologia utilizada, visando a diminuição da geração de resíduos têxteis. As sobras de tecidos quando descartados de forma inadequada aceleram a degradação do meio ambiente, além de desperdiçar tempo e recursos financeiros. O objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar os métodos de trabalho em empresas do segmento de venda direta, a fim de propor, a partir do estudo de encaixe, quer seja, manual ou informatizado, a otimização e aproveitamento máximo da matéria-prima, resultando na redução de descarte de resíduos têxteis. A Metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, que constitui o procedimento básico para os estudos monográficos, e a pesquisa exploratória, pois não requer a formulação de hipóteses para serem testadas. Foi feito um estudo de caso e apresentada uma proposta de encaixe dos moldes para uma empresa que comercializa seus produtos através de venda direta e que possui altos índices de descarte de resíduos. A metodologia utilizada se mostrou viável para um estudo de encaixe eficiente com possibilidade de redução do desperdício e do custo do produto final para as empresas desse segmento
Direct selling is characterized by being a marketing system for consumer goods and services to which personal contact between sellers and buyers is carried out outside a fixed commercial establishment. Brazil occupies the fourth position in the ranking of the World Federation of Direct Selling Associations (WFDSA), behind only the United States, Japan and China. In some cases, requests from sales consultants are not compatible with routine manufacturing for large-scale production because some products are specific to a particular type of target audience and therefore do not have an acceptance in large scale. For this type of product should have special attention by using the characteristics of the tissue and oriented technology in reducing the generation of textile waste. Due to this, the objective of this research was to verify the working methods in companies of the direct sales segment, in order to propose, from the study of fit, be it, manual or computerized, in the chothing cutting sector, optimization and the maximum use of the raw material, reducing the waste of commonly generated textile waste, which collaborates every day to the degradation of the environment, in addition to wasting time and financial resources. The methodology used was the bibliographic research, which is the basic procedure for the monographic studies, and the exploratory research, since it does not require the formulation of hypotheses to be tested and, after the research, it was verified that the methodology used proved to be feasible for an efficient fit study and cost reduction for the companies in the segment
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Magalhães, Gerusa de Souza Cortes. "Comercialização de energia elétrica no ambiente de contratação livre: Uma análise regulatório-institucional a partir dos contratos de compra e venda de energia elétrica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/86/86131/tde-09062011-152105/.

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O presente trabalho apresenta a análise dos Contratos de Compra e Venda de Energia Elétrica (CCVEE), principal instrumento que materializa a comercialização de energia elétrica no Ambiente de Contratação Livre (ACL), a partir das lições da Nova Economia Institucional (NEI), notadamente a abordagem da Economia dos Custos de Transação e dos Contratos Incompletos. Desde a abertura da Indústria de Energia Elétrica Brasileira (IEEB) à livre comercialização na década de 1990, as transações e os agentes que atuam neste mercado vêm crescendo significativamente, consolidando suas transações de compra e venda de energia elétrica prioritariamente por meio de CCVEE. Ocorre que tais instrumentos sofrem os reflexos da evolução da regulação da IEEB e também estão sujeitos à ocorrência de eventos não previstos à época de sua formatação. No processo de renegociação, adaptação ou discussão de tais CCVEE, os agentes incorrem em diversos custos de transação. Assim, a partir desta abordagem, este trabalho visa avaliar a qualidade dos CCVEE, considerando seus atributos, contradições e perspectivas de evolução.
This paper presents the analysis of Contracts for Purchase and Sale of Electricity (Contratos de Compra e Venda de Energia Elétrica CCVEE), the main instrument that embodies the sale of electricity in the Free Contracting Ambiance (FCA). Such analysis was based on lessons extracted from the New Institutional Economics (NIS), mainly the approach focused on the Economy of Transaction Costs and Incomplete Contracts. Since the opening of the Brazilian Electric Power Industry (Indústria de Energia Elétrica Brasileira IEEB) to free trade in the 1990s, transactions and agents operating in this market have grown significantly, consolidating their business of purchasing and sale of electricity primarily through CCVEE. However, these instruments suffer the consequences of the evolution of IEEB regulation and are also subject to the occurrence of unanticipated events at the time of their formatting. In the process of renegotiation, adaptation or discussion of such CCVEE, agents deal with various transaction costs. Thus, from this approach, this study aims to evaluate the quality of the CCVEE, considering their attributes, contradictions and perspectives of evolution.
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Yu, Linnan, and Yanhao Gu. "Impact of critical value chain activities on product performances in process industry : a case study of Korsnäs AB." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-9492.

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Problem: What are the most critical activities for process industry? Whether general view of impact of these value chain activities on product performance (quality, cost and innovation) applied to process industry? How do those activities impact to product performances? If they cannot affect product performance, what could be the reason behind it?   Purpose: This paper aims to conclude general view of impact of value chain activities on product performances (quality, cost and innovation). Accordingly we would create a conceptual model. And then test whether this model applies for process industry and further more figure out the reason behind through case study.   Methodology: In this paper, qualitative research is our approach. We choose single case study as research strategy and conduct three interviews. Documentation and interview data are collected and analyzed to provide theoretical framework and empirical evidence for the whole paper.     Result: Based on case study, and previous work, the model concerning impact of major activities for process industry (Marketing sales, Human Resource and Supplier management) on product performances (Quality, Cost and Innovation) is derived. This model contains answers to nine hypotheses assumed in theoretical part, giving reader a new and easy way to understand process industry.        Conclusions: Distinguished from other industry, process industry with its own unique characteristics does not lend support to all nine hypotheses. Fundamental analysis proved that some assumptions do not establish for process industry while the others may have more significant relationships. To be specific, there exists strong impact of human resource on product quality and cost, supplier management on product cost and also marketing and sales on product quality. But, to our surprise, the other assumed relationships are not that significant while product innovation has adverse affect on marketing and sales.
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Rodrigues, Miguel Marques Xavier Nogueira. "Analysis of sales representatives’ profile in DellEMC Rio de Janeiro through the challenger sale model." Master's thesis, reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/22366.

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Sales panorama has been changing through the years and even more since the 2008 global crisis. Since then, companies started to demand more from the suppliers and their sales representatives; especially in more the complex sectors like Information Technologies (IT). Companies have been adapting their sales strategies to increase sales; however few have studied the sales representatives’ behavior with the client. Based on the Challenger Sale model this project aims to study the sales representatives’ profile in an IT market leader – DellEMC, Rio de Janeiro. The project was developed as a unique case study due to the leadership characteristics’ of DellEMC, A questionnaire was developed and administered to DellEMC’s sales department. According to the Challenger Sale model, DellEMC’s sales representatives appeared to have characteristics from all the three model dimensions – Teaching for differentiation; Tailoring for resonance and Taking Control of the sale. However it was also recognized that some factors like organizational culture or market characteristics contribute on the sales representatives’ behavior. This project has no intension on generalization but to refine the Challenger Sale model theory and applicability to the specific case of DellEMC.
O panorama de vendas tem vindo a alterar-se ao longo dos tempos, e mais ainda desde a crise de 2008. Com esta mudança, as empresas e organizações começaram a ser mais exigentes com os seus fornecedores, e por consequência com os seus representantes de vendas. Este facto verificou-se principalmente no sector dos serviços, nomeadamente nas indústrias fornecedoras de soluções mais complexas, como é o caso da indústria das Tecnologias de Informação. Deste modo, as empresas têm vindo a adaptar a sua estratégia de modo a serem mais competitivas comercialmente; contudo apenas algumas se focaram no comportamento dos vendedores. Este projecto foi desenvolvido como um caso de estudo único pelas características de líder de mercado da DellEMC no Rio de Janeiro, e procura estudar o perfil dos seus vendedores sob o paradigma do modelo de Venda Desafiadora. Para este estudo foi realizado um questionário, para ser respondido pelos membros da equipa de vendas da DellEMC, que aparentemente provaram ter características relacionadas com as três dimensões do modelo – Ensinar para a diferenciação; Personalizar para encontrar eco e Controlar a venda. Apesar da se verificar a presença destas características, foram encontrados outros factores relevantes no comportamento dos vendedores como a cultura organizacional, ou as características do mercado. Este projecto não tem como objectivo a generalização dos seus resultados, mas sim o aprofundamento da modelo de Venda Desafiadora e a sua aplicabilidade no caso específico da DellEMC.
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Rodrigues, Miguel Marques Xavier Nogueira. "Analysis of sales representatives’ profile in DellEMC Rio de Janeiro through the challenger sale model." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/18355.

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Sales panorama has been changing through the years and even more since the 2008 global crisis. Since then, companies started to demand more from the suppliers and their sales representatives; especially in more the complex sectors like Information Technologies (IT). Companies have been adapting their sales strategies to increase sales; however few have studied the sales representatives’ behavior with the client. Based on the Challenger Sale model this project aims to study the sales representatives’ profile in an IT market leader – DellEMC, Rio de Janeiro. The project was developed as a unique case study due to the leadership characteristics’ of DellEMC, A questionnaire was developed and administered to DellEMC’s sales department. According to the Challenger Sale model, DellEMC’s sales representatives appeared to have characteristics from all the three model dimensions – Teaching for differentiation; Tailoring for resonance and Taking Control of the sale. However it was also recognized that some factors like organizational culture or market characteristics contribute on the sales representatives’ behavior. This project has no intension on generalization but to refine the Challenger Sale model theory and applicability to the specific case of DellEMC.
O panorama de vendas tem vindo a alterar-se ao longo dos tempos, e mais ainda desde a crise de 2008. Com esta mudança, as empresas e organizações começaram a ser mais exigentes com os seus fornecedores, e por consequência com os seus representantes de vendas. Este facto verificou-se principalmente no sector dos serviços, nomeadamente nas indústrias fornecedoras de soluções mais complexas, como é o caso da indústria das Tecnologias de Informação. Deste modo, as empresas têm vindo a adaptar a sua estratégia de modo a serem mais competitivas comercialmente; contudo apenas algumas se focaram no comportamento dos vendedores. Este projecto foi desenvolvido como um caso de estudo único pelas características de líder de mercado da DellEMC no Rio de Janeiro, e procura estudar o perfil dos seus vendedores sob o paradigma do modelo de Venda Desafiadora. Para este estudo foi realizado um questionário, para ser respondido pelos membros da equipa de vendas da DellEMC, que aparentemente provaram ter características relacionadas com as três dimensões do modelo – Ensinar para a diferenciação; Personalizar para encontrar eco e Controlar a venda. Apesar da se verificar a presença destas características, foram encontrados outros factores relevantes no comportamento dos vendedores como a cultura organizacional, ou as características do mercado. Este projecto não tem como objectivo a generalização dos seus resultados, mas sim o aprofundamento da modelo de Venda Desafiadora e a sua aplicabilidade no caso específico da DellEMC.
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Oslizlo, Petr. "Strategické řízení likvidace podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222047.

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Disrespect of economic laws and their relations or the violation of any law standards concerning company’s activities can result in its shutting down and following cessation. The cessation of the company is preceded by its dissolution with or without liquidation provided that its property is passed to a legal successor in title. The term liquidation refers to the settlement of debts and property of the dissolved subject. This diploma thesis is particularly focused on individual stages of liquidating process of business organizations and their relation on legal standards.
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Daga, Mérida Sergio. "Equilibrio competitivo con short-sale hipotecario." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2010. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/144804.

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Tesis para optar al grado académico de Magíster en Economía
Analizamos una econom a con mercados nancieros incompletos donde existen activos reales sujetos a riesgo de cr edito y activos nominales libres de default. Permitimos la inclusi on de penali- dades extra-econ omicas en la funci on de utilidad modelando \short-sales" de garant as hipotecarias. Mostramos, bajo hip otesis usuales en preferencias y asignaciones iniciales, que siempre existe un equilibrio competitivo en nuestra econom a.
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Books on the topic "ECONOMY OF SALE"

1

Driving business value in an uncertain economy. Atlanta: Decere Publishing, 2008.

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LaPedis, Aaron. The garage sale millionaire: Make money in a down economy with hidden finds from estate auctions to garage sales and everything in-between. [Atlanta, Ga.]: Beautiful Media, 2010.

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Laksono, Dandhy Dwi. Indonesia for sale. Edited by Rahman Hadi 1979-. Surabaya: Pedati, 2009.

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Laksono, Dandhy Dwi. Indonesia for sale. Surabaya: Pedati, 2009.

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Pizano, Ernesto Samper. Colombia sale adelante! [Bogotá?]: E.C.M. Impresores, 1989.

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Schuster, Ervin G. Predicting timber sale costs from sale characteristics in the Intermountain West. Ogden, UT (324 25th St., Ogden 84401): U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, 1989.

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Brides for sale. Nicosia: TCAUW, Turkish Cypriot Association of University Women, 2014.

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De aquí se sale. Madrid: Ediciones Martínez Roca, 2011.

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Dadalko, Vasiliy, Vladimir Avdiyskiy, and Nikolay Sinyavskiy. The shadow economy and economic security of the state. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/24758.

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The manual is prepared according to the program of the same name. The origins and conditions of formation of the shadow economy structures, the reasons for their widespread prevalence in the current economic conditions are considered. Methods for assessing the scale of this phenomenon are given, Complex methods of control over the shadow economy and its control. The appendices contain data on the state of crime in recent years, a number of normative documents, as well as materials for practical exercises. It meets the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education of the latest generation. For students of higher educational institutions, studying in the direction of "Economics". It is of interest to specialists in the field of economic security of the state.
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No bs sales success for the new economy. Irvine, Calif: Jere L. Calmes, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "ECONOMY OF SALE"

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Sismondi, J. C. L. Simonde de. "Sale of Real Estate." In New Principles of Political Economy, 209–14. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003419143-30.

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Degtyareva, Olga. "International Trade Purchase and Sale Transactions." In World Economy and International Business, 721–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20328-2_36.

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Stahel, Walter R. "The point of sale, or factory gate, and liability." In The Circular Economy, 47–52. New York : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429259203-6.

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Sumner, Jennifer. "Twelve. From the Knowledge Economy to the Knowledge Commons: Resisting the Commodification of Knowledge." In Not for Sale, edited by Gordon Laxer and Dennis Soron, 203–18. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442603172-014.

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Cussini, Eleonora. "5Circular Economy in Palmyra in the Light of Sale and Reuse of Funerary Spaces." In Exchange and Reuse in Roman Palmyra, 45–58. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols Publishers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.spah-eb.5.132172.

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Kurdyukov, Vladimir N., Ilona V. Avlasenko, Lyudmila M. Avlasenko, and Sergey V. Kanurny. "Functioning Model of the Mechanism for Sale and Purchase of Rights for Environmental Pollution on the Territory Given the Assimilation Potential." In Business 4.0 as a Subject of the Digital Economy, 693–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90324-4_112.

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Lin, Cheng-Wei. "Examining feature economy in Arabic dialects." In Studies in Arabic Linguistics, 37–62. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sal.4.02lin.

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Bruch, Julia. "Transmission of useful knowledge in texts written by craftsmen. Two case studies from the Holy Roman Empire." In L’economia della conoscenza: innovazione, produttività e crescita economica nei secoli XIII-XVIII / The knowledge economy: innovation, productivity and economic growth, 13th to 18th century, 35–58. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0092-9.05.

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In medieval and early modern crafts, useful knowledge was taught in the workshops. There, innovation took place. Craftsmen exchanged knowledge on journeys or through voluntary and forced migration. This system of knowledge transfer does not need writing, although craftsmen used writing both in the workshop and in the administration of the guilds and the towns. However, transmission of knowledge remained oral. This contrasts with countless craftsmen's manuscripts that conveyed technical knowledge about crafts in text and images. This essay argues that these manuals were equally crucial for the transmission of useful knowledge between master craftsmen as well as the sale of products to clients. A book on plate harnesses and one on bell and gun casting are introduced as examples.
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Kowaleski, Maryanne. "Round Table comment. Fashion as an economic engine: continuity and change." In La moda come motore economico: innovazione di processo e prodotto, nuove strategie commerciali, comportamento dei consumatori / Fashion as an economic engine: process and product innovation, commercial strategies, consumer behavior, 395–401. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-565-3.23.

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This comment points out the medieval precedents of many developments characterized as new in the early modern manufacture, sale, and consumption of fashionable textiles and clothing, although these developments were more rapid and intense in the later centuries. There was, for example, a significant break in the traditional process of technological innovations in the second half of the eighteenth century, when a series of complementary inventions radically improved the production and quality of textiles. In terms of commercial strategies and consumer behavior, however, there was less significant change, although the role of the second-hand trade deserves closer attention. The comment ends by highlighting how speakers have drawn on new methodologies and sources fo understanding the relationship between fashion and the economy
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Pavlovskaya, Marianna, and Kevin St. Martin. "Economy." In The SAGE Handbook of Human Geography: Two Volume Set, 445–77. 1 Oliver’s Yard, 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781446247617.n21.

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Conference papers on the topic "ECONOMY OF SALE"

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Zhilyakov, Dmitrii I. "Modeling Of Production And Sale Of Grain At The Regional Level." In Conference on Land Economy and Rural Studies Essentials. European Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2022.02.18.

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Sun, Xiangxiao. "An Empirical Study on the Intention to Use Internet Fund Sale Agencies." In The 2nd International Conference on Internet Finance and Digital Economy. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811267505_0053.

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Toguan, Zulfikri, and Johari Nur. "The Legal Protection of Consumer Rights in Sale-purchase through E-Commerce." In The Second International Conference on Social, Economy, Education, and Humanity. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009056600180023.

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Xing, Jiangyong, and Kaiju Zhang. "Research and Practice of School Enterprise Cooperation Training Orders after Sale Repair Engineers." In 2014 International Conference on Global Economy, Commerce and Service Science (GECSS-14). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/gecss-14.2014.37.

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Tugulschi, Iuliana, Rodica Cusmaunsa, and Natalia Curagau. "The particulars of the accounting for online payment of goods." In 26th International Scientific Conference “Competitiveness and Innovation in the Knowledge Economy". Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/cike2022.35.

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Actually, commercial entities apply in electronic/online commerce a diversity of forms of delivery of goods and ways of payment by buyers. As a rule, the sale of goods online requires payment in cash directly at the commercial entity's headquarters or through couriers such as cash on delivery. In the context of the aforementioned, in practice there are uncertainties regarding the conduct of transactions for the online sale of goods. In this article are examined the problematic accounting aspects of online goods deliveries with payment through different methods provided by the legislation in force.
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BRAN, Mariana, Simona Roxana PĂTĂRLĂGEANU, Mihai DINU, and Silviu Ionut BEIA. "SUPPORTING A HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT THROUGH LIVESTOCK." In Competitiveness of Agro-Food and Environmental Economy. Editura ASE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/cafee/2019/8/04.

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The importance of animal husbandry reaches all aspects (social, economic and environmental) of sustainable development in rural areas. People produce for sale, but also for consumption. At the same time, considering the location of this economic activity and the practice of farm technology, it is necessary to observe certain norms in order to ensure good environmental conditions. Of course, the future points to the mistakes of the past. Today, modern animal technology is coordinated through IT programs, which anticipate not only the production but also the risks. Specialized literature indicates the environmental risks arising from cattle breeding at planetary level: accumulation of methane as a specificity of digestion, but also through accumulated manure. In this sense, however, the bibliographic studies and the statistical analyses are in favour of maintaining the herds of cattle, on condition there is genetic improvement in the nutritional aspect, as well as judicious waste management. These considerations are appreciated by Romanian farmers in the economic activity of cattle breeding, promoting measures to reduce greenhouse gases in this field.
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Wu, Shujing. "Research on the Price Discount Presentation on Consumers' Purchase Intention Under the Online Pre-sale Mode: An Empirical Study Based on SPSS." In International Conference on Public Management, Digital Economy and Internet Technology. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0011757100003607.

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Karatalov, Omurbek. "Open Economy and Economic Integration within the Framework of Eurasia." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00633.

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The Kyrgyz Republic economy openness is studied within the framework of the Eurasia. Insufficient level of the financial and economic standing of Kyrgyzstan is clarified. Reasons for Governmental regulating use in the area of monetary, tax and budget policy in USA have been set up. Conditions of the development of industrial countries economy are under consideration. The necessity of financialisation of all capital of country is defined. Kyrgyzstan public budget’s permanent deficiency formation reasons are studied. A necessity of integration economic relations development within the framework of Eurasia is offered. A necessity of sustainable economic relations establishment as well as finding solution for external debt between Kyrgyzstan and Russia have been justified. It is recommended to strengthen effective fight against a scale corruption, «shadow» economy and criminalization of economy and finances. The increase of efficiency and responsibility of top managers of the public administration level have been offered. The necessity of the independent mastering of own gold-mining fields is justified. The need to attract the foreign direct investments to the area of mining and processing industry have been offered. Within the framework of acceleration of economic integration. Needs for the development of exploring and processing of hydrocarbons as well as building of large economic entities especially the hydroelectric power stations, namely Kambar-Ata-1 Hydro-Power Plants have been suggested. By this it is also suggested to Russia to develop this as strategic partner of Kyrgyzstan. Creation of integral customs system and energy cooperation suggested. It should be supported by establishment of unique equivalent among Eurasia states. By this it is to be possible to find acceptable solutions in finance and economy and to form a united economic cooperation considering a sovereignty of each state. It is necessary to develop the identical financial reporting of point-of-sale and payment balances, balance of international investments, compliable national republics and on the whole on Eurasia. To walk away from the calculation and actual use of dollar of the USA in finance and economic operations. Based on econometric prognosis of gross internal product and the public budget of Kyrgyzstan is made calculating on the per to 2025 year.
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Brauner, Philipp, Luisa Vervier, Martina Ziefle, Melina Sachtleben, Stefan Schlichter, and Thomas Gries. "Clothing-as-a-service? – A research agenda towards a sustainable and socially accepted Circular Economy of Clothing." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001551.

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Circular Economy approaches are increasingly recognized as a solution also in the textile industry to foster a world-wide call to action in terms of sustainable production, sale, use, and recycling of materials and products. When supported by technical, economic, and political systems, such efforts help to integrate more efficient process-es and production lines as well as to maintain valuable materials and components for re-use and re-cycling, to target closed material cycles, develop or re-arrange production chains, and reframe consumption behaviors. In this paper we focus on clothing from a circular economy perspective. Textiles are the number two consumer goods market worldwide. Production, sale, use, and recycling of clothing must be better synchronized to increase sustainability. However, social factors and existing behaviors often affect these sustainable endeavors on different levels. Clothing is progressively regarded as a low-quality single-use-like object in a fast fashion world, discarded after only a few wears. Whilst it is also generally considered a personal item with individual attributions, not easily shared, or borrowed. Individual attributions of value and sensitivity, as well as technical barriers conflict with the requirements of longest possible use and subsequent reuse, and recycling. New concepts of ownership, sharing, pricing, and renting such as deposit trousers challenge the market and consumer sensibilities. In this article, we describe the opportunities and challenges of socially accepted circular economy approaches for clothing, conflicting technical, economic, and social forces that limit their viability, and outline strategies and an interdisciplinary research agenda to overcome these challenges.
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Yuqiu Wu. "Political economy of intellectual property protection policy decision-making process—Analysis based on protection for sale model." In 2011 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Management Science and Electronic Commerce (AIMSEC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aimsec.2011.6009724.

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Reports on the topic "ECONOMY OF SALE"

1

SAPOZHNIKOVA, S. M., and N. V. REICHERT. CONDITIONS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF IMPORT SUBSTITUTION IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF THE ECONOMY. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2070-7568-2022-11-2-3-27-37.

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The article discusses different modern points of view on the problem of import substitution in the domestic agro-industrial complex. The authors outlined the necessary conditions for the implementation of import substitution in the seed sector: the creation of specialized companies for the selection of seed varieties necessary for agribusiness and a special agrarian zone, where a complete production chain will be organized from seed selection to their sale, as well as support and assistance in the form of subsidies from the state.
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Nosova, Olga. Structural Changes and the Ukrainian Labour Market Organisation. Publishing House - Vilnius Business College, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57005/ab.2023.1.1.

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The article aims to analyze the structural changes and the Ukrainian labor market organization in the condition of military aggression against Ukraine. The Ukrainian economy encounters the devastating destructions and losses of economic entities, enormous capital, and labor under the effect of military aggression. Structural changes include a change in the industrial structure of production, the destruction of large enterprises, and supply chains, the loss of part of the labor force, and fluctuations between skilled and unskilled jobs. Thus, SMEs in the service sector suffer due to the reduction of the population in cities, which causes both a reduction in demand for certain types of services (hotel and restaurant business, beauty salons, providers of extracurricular educational services, etc.) and a reduction in the supply of highly qualified specialists (IT sector, experts in financial, design and consulting services). Small business because of the war feels caught between the minimum possible sale of their products and reduced demand. The basic research questions are identifying and estimating the urgent needs of the labor market and capital. It will be directed to define sectors that can speed up the process of rebuilding the economy. Diversifying the economy, increasing product/service sophistication, using comparative advantages and transfer of resources (both labor and capital) leads to more productive activities and a rise in well-being.
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Mahofa, Godfrey, Chrispen Sukume, and Vine Mutyasira. Agricultural Commercialisation, Gender Relations and Women Empowerment in Smallholder Farm Households: Evidence from Zimbabwe. APRA, Future Agricultures Consortium, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2022.022.

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Agricultural commercialisation has been identified as an important part of the structural transformation process, as the economy grows from subsistence to highly commercialised entities that rely on the market for both inputs and for the sale of crops. However, this process is likely to leave some sections of society behind, particularly women. Little empirical evidence is available in sub-Saharan Africa that examines the relationship between commercialisation and women’s empowerment. This paper fills this gap and uses data from two rounds of surveys of smallholder farmers conducted in Zimbabwe to show that agricultural commercialisation reduces women’s empowerment, while crop diversification improves women’s empowerment.
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Elenev, Vadim, Tim Landvoigt, and Stijn Van Nieuwerburgh. Can the Covid Bailouts Save the Economy? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27207.

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5

Basri, M. Chatib. Going the fiscal distance to save Indonesia’s economy from COVID-19. East Asia Forum, March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.59425/eabc.1585476007.

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Allen, James P., Scott A. Bailey, and Brandon A. Pye. Economic Value of Army Foreign Military Sales. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1009062.

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7

Luomi, Mari, Fatih Yilmaz, and Thamir Alshehri. The Circular Carbon Economy Index 2021 – Results. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2021-dp021.

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There is an urgent need to align global carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions with climate-safe trajectories. A broad range of technologies and approaches are needed to achieve this cost-effectively and equitably. The circular carbon economy (CCE) concept provides a holistic, flexible and pragmatic framework for countries to plan their respective contributions toward the commonly agreed climate goals.
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Luomi, Mari, Fatih Yilmaz, and Thamir Alshehri. The Circular Carbon Economy Index 2021 – Results. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2021-dp21.

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There is an urgent need to align global carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions with climate-safe trajectories. A broad range of technologies and approaches are needed to achieve this cost-effectively and equitably. The circular carbon economy (CCE) concept provides a holistic, flexible and pragmatic framework for countries to plan their respective contributions toward the commonly agreed climate goals.
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Calomiris, Charles, Raymond Fisman, and Yongxiang Wang. Profiting from Government Stakes in a Command Economy: Evidence from Chinese Asset Sales. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13774.

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Ozturk, Ibrahim. Before the last exit: Chance for Lula to save democracy and market in Brazil. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/pp0021.

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After the Cold War, not only the economic discontent created by capitalism and globalization went to the extreme, leaving the environment at the mercy of multinational corporations, but also the perception that the sovereignty, autonomy and independence of nations, and with them, the right to self-determination was increased to a limited extent. In particular, as the global crises of 2008-2009 hit people’s lives hard, the sense of "being left behind" prepared the ground for the demand and supply of populist politics. However, populist governments not only failed to achieve any progress on the main problems complained about, rather the contrary, but primarily right-wing authoritarian-populist governments also worsened the situation by threatening multilateralism, democracy, human rights and the free market economy worldwide. Besides, the Covid-19 pandemic since 2020 posed quite mixed results for the future of populism. While the populists gained strength in the opposition, the right-wing populists in government began to lose power. Therefore, in such an environment, in Brazil, the rise of Lula’s left-wing (and to some extent populist) government to power after defeating a right-wing authoritarian government has potential implications for the future of democracy, human rights, the market economy, and multilateralism. If the Lula government takes a reformist, transformative, and progressive path, it can become a positive role model for other countries under populism threat. However, this article questions the possibility of that under local and global constraints.
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