Relevant bibliographies by topics / Economy of Edwardian Britain

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Economy of Edwardian Britain'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Economy of Edwardian Britain"

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Trentmann, Frank. "Wealth Versus Welfare: the British Left Between Free Trade and National Political Economy Before the First World War*." Historical Research 70, no. 171 (February 1, 1997): 70–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2281.00032.

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Abstract The convergence of Free trade liberalism and radicalism was a central feature of British political culture after Chartism. This article explores the emergence of alternative visions of political economy on the left in the late Victorian and Edwardian period. Against the conventional view of a shared liberal Free Trade culture, it finds a plurality of languages. An interpretation of how Labour, social democrats, socialists and Fabians understood Britain's development under Free Trade reveals an alternative spectrum of popular ideas about society and economy. In the Independent Labour Party, opposition to protectionism was linked to support for some trade regulation and a more balanced economy. It was tied to a cultural and economic critique of competitive exchange, social dislocation and commercial dependence under Free Trade capitalism. The economic critique co‐existed with political internationalism and turned Labour's position into one of socialist‐radical dualism. This is compared to nationalist and imperialist socialist positions in Britain and abroad. The movement towards national political economy provided a link between older radical notions of moral economy and co‐operation and more collectivist notions of economic order and state regulation. It marked a step in the evolution from mid Victorian popular liberalism to social democracy and from Free Trade to the welfare state.
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Thomas, Matthew. "Anarcho-Feminism in late Victorian and Edwardian Britain, 1880–1914." International Review of Social History 47, no. 1 (April 2002): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859001000463.

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This article seeks to interpret the synthesis between anarchism and feminism as developed by a group of late nineteenth and early twentieth-century British women. It will demonstrate that the woman who embraced anarchism made a clear contribution to the growth of feminism. They offered a distinctive analysis of the reasons for female oppression, whether it was within the economic sphere or within marriage. The anarcho-feminists maintained that if an egalitarian society was ever to be built, differences in roles – whether in sexual relationships, childcare, political life or work – had to be based on capacity and preference, not gender. By combining these questions they developed a feminism that was all embracing at a time when the struggle for the vote was becoming the main question for women.
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Pollard, Sidney. "Reflections on Entrepreneurship and Culture in European Societies." Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 40 (December 1990): 153–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3679166.

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The theme which I have been asked to consider refers to the whole of Europe, but the terms on which it has been defined made it clear that the focus of interest was still to lie in Britain. I shall bear that focus in mind.After a brief review of the debate relating to entrepreneurship and culture in Britain in the late Victorian and Edwardian period, the period with which I shall be more specifically concerned, and a similarly cursory examination of the role of entrepreneurship in economic theory and in the writings of economic historians in recent decades, I shall turn to the main theme, entrepreneurship and its cultural setting in the decades before World War I in the rest of Europe. A return to the British problem will complete the paper.
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Koven, Seth. "The “Sticky Sediment” of Daily Life: Radical Domesticity, Revolutionary Christianity, and the Problem of Wealth in Britain from the 1880s to the 1930s." Representations 120, no. 1 (2012): 39–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rep.2012.120.1.39.

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This essay examines an early twentieth-century Christian revolutionary habitus—a “technique of Christian living”—based on the conviction that everyday life was an essential site for reconciling the claims of individual and community, the material and the spiritual. The pacifist-feminist members of London’s first “people’s house,” Kingsley Hall, linked their vision of Jesus’s inclusive and unbounded love for humanity to their belief in the ethical imperative that all people take full moral responsibility for cleaning up their own dirt as part of their utopian program to bring social, economic, and political justice to the outcast in London, Britain, and its empire. In imagining what a reconstructed post-World War I Britain might become, Kingsley Hall’s cross-class band of workers used mundane practices to unmake and remake the late-Victorian and Edwardian philanthropic legacy they inherited.
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Hosgood, Christopher P. "“Mercantile Monasteries”: Shops, Shop Assistants, and Shop Life in Late-Victorian and Edwardian Britain." Journal of British Studies 38, no. 3 (July 1999): 322–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/386197.

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It is now over twenty years since Geoffrey Crossick first urged historians to investigate the English lower middle class. On that occasion he suggested that small business interests and white-collar employees be designated the two wings of a residual lower middle class. Historians speculated that the members of this class were bound together by their marginality to the social, cultural, and economic world of the middle class and by their pathetic attempts to ape the gentility of their superiors. Such an analysis confirmed the unheroic nature of the lower-middle-classmentalitéand explains Crossick's conclusion that this group “claimed no vital social role.” Crossick's more recent work, in collaboration with Heinz-Gerhard Haupt, offers a reevaluation of this earlier position and concludes that white-collar and small business interests should not be considered to occupy the same social station. Crossick and Haupt's work is significant because both authors make it clear that they now credit the petite bourgeoisie of small business families in Europe with a greater spirit of independence than they had earlier acknowledged. They argue convincingly that the petite bourgeoisie created their own social and cultural world, centered on the interrelationship between enterprise and family life, which enabled them to react more purposefully to outside social forces and agencies.By hiving off these small business interests from the old lower middle class, we are left with a rump of white-collar workers who collectively formed a lower middle class that shared many common experiences and hence is attractive to historians as a potentially more cohesive social body.
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Ryan, Liam. "Nonconformity and socialism: the case of J. G. Greenhough, 1880–1914." Historical Research 92, no. 258 (October 9, 2019): 771–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2281.12285.

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Abstract This article examines the life, thought and activism of the prominent Baptist minister John Gershom Greenhough. Existing scholarly and popular narratives generally focus on the key role played by Nonconformity in nurturing the labour movement in late Victorian and Edwardian Britain. Using Greenhough as a case study this article posits an alternative interpretation of this relationship, contending that the individualistic religious culture of Nonconformity was often deeply hostile to socialism. This hostility motivated Greenhough, and others like him, to abandon their historical allegiance to the Liberal party in the early twentieth century in favour of the Conservatives. More broadly, this article investigates the process of political and ideological conversion and challenges dominant historical readings that characterize anti-socialism as being synonymous with middle-class economic self-interest.
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Waddington, Keir. "“We Don't Want Any German Sausages Here!” Food, Fear, and the German Nation in Victorian and Edwardian Britain." Journal of British Studies 52, no. 4 (October 2013): 1017–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2013.178.

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AbstractThis essay brings together aspects of the history of science, food, and culture, and applies them to the study of Anglo-German relations and perceptions by examining how between 1850 and 1914 the German sausage was used as a metaphor for the German nation. The essay shows how the concerns that became attached to German sausages not only provide a way of understanding Britain's interaction with Germany but also reveal further dimensions to popular anti-German sentiment. Alarm about what went into German sausages formed part of a growing strand of popular opposition to Germany, which drew on increasing insecurity about Britain's position on the world stage and the perceived economic threat that Germany and German immigrants presented. Such sentiment was translated into how Germans were caricatured and onto material objects—in this case, the “deadly mysteries” that were feared to go into German sausages. Cultural and gastronomic stereotypes overlapped in a discourse that linked Germany and Germans to their national diet and aggressive nature, as well as associated German sausages with fears about diseased meat, adulteration, and the risks that eating them entailed. The result was that the German sausage was used as a staple for satirical comic representations of Germany, as representative of dishonesty in food production, and as a xenophobic slur. Around the German sausage, anti-German sentiment and questions of food safety merged and became mutually reinforcing.
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Harris, Jose. "Enterprise and Welfare States: a Comparative Perspective." Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 40 (December 1990): 175–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3679167.

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DO ‘welfare states’ enhance or subvert economic enterprise, civic virtue, private moral character, the integrity of social life? Though these questions have a piquantly contemporary ring in modern British politics, they are nevertheless old quandaries in the history of social policy. Since the seventeenth century, if not earlier, practitioners, theorists and critics of public welfare schemes have argued for and against such schemes in contradictory and adversarial terms; claiming on the one hand that social welfare schemes would supply a humanitarian corrective to the rigours of a market economy; and on the other hand that they would support and streamline market forces by enhancing individual and collective efficiency. Similarly, for several hundred years models of civic morality which emphasize independence and self-sufficiency have jostled with alternative models which emphasize paternalism, altruism and organic solidarity. Few phases of social policy in Britain and elsewhere have not contained elements of more than one approach. Even the New Poor Law, notorious for its subordination to market pressures, nevertheless harboured certain residual anti-market principles and often lapsed into practices that were suspiciously communitarian; whilst Edwardian New Liberalism, famous for its philosophy of organic solidarism, in practice tempered social justice with the quest for ‘national efficiency’. These varying emphases have all been reflected in the fashions and phases of welfare state historiography—fashions and phases that appear to have been at least partly determined by the vagaries of prevailing political climate. Thus, in the aftermath of the Second World War, historians tended to portray the history of social policy as a series of governmental battles against private vested interests—battles in which the mantle of civic virtue was worn by an altruistic administrative elite, while civic vice was embodied in the motley crew of doctors, landlords, employers and insurance companies who viewed social welfare as a commodity in the market.
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GAZELEY, IAN, and ANDREW NEWELL. "Poverty in Edwardian Britain." Economic History Review 64, no. 1 (January 4, 2011): 52–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.2009.00523.x.

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Clapson, Mark, and Brian Short. "Land and Society in Edwardian Britain." American Historical Review 104, no. 5 (December 1999): 1756. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2649497.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Economy of Edwardian Britain"

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Searles, Patrick James. "The measurement of economic and labour market conditions in the late Victorian and Edwardian periods and the use of data from the co-operative movement of Great Britain." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2004. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2896/.

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The overall aim of the thesis is to extract from a hitherto under-used data set a wide range of statistics that enable the calculation of annual average earnings for a geographically and occupationally diverse group of workers. The period covered is 1896 to 1913 and essentially attempts to draw economic and welfare inferences from spatial and time series analysis by occupational sector and between geographical location. The extent of the data may be exemplified by noting that the number of workers represented is 52,977 in 1896 and 178,674 in 1913. The thesis is divided into three sections as follows: 1. The introductory part discusses in general terms the measurement of economic and labour market conditions in the period, the relative importance of this issue, and difficulties that exist due to lack of representative data. The second part attempts to justify the use of data for annual average earnings of co-operative society workers as giving some representation of market wages. This is covered by two chapters, one qualitative and one quantative 2. The first part of this section draws upon statistics from productive societies in the Movement. The data is arranged by sector and comparisons are made with existing work by Bowley, Wood and Feinstein. Additional data is drawn from the Labour Gazette in the period and the results seem to suggest that, when actual earnings rather than wage rates are used, annual and periodic levels of income show greater variance. The possibility that these variances may be an indication of underlying economic and labour market conditions is discussed in detail. The second part of this section uses data from the largest section of the Movement, the distributive side. A database (Access) has been created and statistics on annual average earnings entered for all 1,167 distributive societies in 1906 (62,465 workers). A total of 890 have been mapped onto an outline of Great Britain. This data is also presented at metropolitan and regional levels of analysis for comparative purposes. 3. The final part of the thesis attempts to draw upon the preceding chapters to suggest that variance in annual average earnings may contribute to the debate concerning conditions within Britain for the period. Relative distress within the diverse economy that existed in the period has been an area of quite considerable discussion and authors have used a number of proxy measures - for example poor law returns, data for the recovery of small debts, marriage rates and trade union unemployment returns - to measure these variations. This section will investigate the possibility that one or more of these proxies may be indicative of relative conditions (by comparison with annual average wages) when tested at local levels.
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Childs, Michael James 1956. "Working class youth in late Victorian and Edwardian England." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74015.

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Riedi, Elizabeth L. "Imperialist women in Edwardian Britain : the Victoria League, 1899-1914." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2820.

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This thesis, based on private papers, society records, autobiographies and memoirs, newspapers and periodicals, examines one mainly female imperialist organisation - the Victoria League - and the women who ran it. It considers two related questions - what made Edwardian women imperialist, and how, within the limits of Edwardian society, could they express their imperialism? The thesis shows that several of the League's founders and executive had visited South Africa during or shortly before the Boer War, and that this experience, particularly for those who came into close contact with Milner, was pivotal in stimulating them to active imperialism. The Victoria League, founded April 1901, aimed to promote imperial unity and a British South Africa in a variety of suitably 'womanly' ways: Boer War charities, imperial education, exporting literature and art to the white dominions (particularly the Transvaal), welcoming colonial visitors to Britain, arranging for the welcome of British settlers in the colonies, and promoting social reform as an imperial issue. It worked overseas through a number of independent Victoria Leagues in Australasia, the Imperial Order, Daughters of the Empire in Canada, and the Guild of Loyal Women in South Africa; and at home with a number of similar (though largely male) imperial propaganda societies. The thesis also considers the Victoria League's attitude to race, particularly through its debate over entertaining Indian students. It ends with a discussion of the options available to imperialist women; and of the obstacles they faced in questions of authority (how far and in what ways a woman could pronounce on imperial subjects) and of ideology (as expressed through the anti-suffrage campaign). It concludes that the Victoria League, by transferring areas of activity long acknowledged as 'feminine' to the imperial stage, redefined areas of female competence and enlarged woman's 'separate sphere' to include the active propagation of imperialism.
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Gray, David W. "Entry to the metropolitan labour market in Victorian and Edwardian Britain." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1991. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1507.

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In studying the Victorian city, historical geographers have concentrated on defining patterns, structures and form at the expense of processes. It is suggested that it is only via the study of processes and structures within the urban economy that such spatial patterns and developments can be fully understood. It is further advanced that amongst economic structures, the labour market is an area of fundamental importance in reaching any understanding of the Victorian and Edwardian city, and in particular London. The subject of the late Victorian labour market is approached via a review of modern labour market theory and subsequently of the ideas advanced by the classical economists. This review reveals both the importance of empirical observation in informing contemporary economists' theoretical models of the Victorian labour market and the significant degree to which the debate within the modern theoretical literature derives directly, although largely anonymously, from parallel arguments in the earlier literature. An attempt is made to establish how far the casual labour problem in late Victorian London, the subject of considerable concern and debate amongst the contemporary commentators, fits into the Dual or Segmented Labour Market paradigms advanced principally by American economists since the 1960s. The emphasis given by contemporary commentators to boy labour as a source of the casual labour problem is seen to reflect a similar emphasis on the importance of the point of entry to the labour market in the theoretical literature. The social and economic importance of the boy labour problem in Victorian and Edwardian London is explored and explained as in part a consequence of the demographic and economic conditions prevailing in the capital at the close of the century, but also as reflecting a continuing economic imperative and culture of child labour and the impact of legislative intervention in the labour market.
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Larson, Alison. "The Last Laugh: Selected Edwardian Punch Cartoons of Edward Linley Sambourne." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2001. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2793/.

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The illustrative work of Edward Linley Sambourne for Punch magazine during the period 1901-1910 addresses a myriad of political topics prevalent during the Edwardian period in British history. This thesis examines two of those topics - Women's Suffrage and Socialism - through their artistic treatment by one of Britain's most influential periodicals. Through a study of the historical context and iconography of selected cartoons-of-the-week, one is better equipped to understand and appreciate the meaning, message, and humor in the cartoons. Chapter 1 introduces the Sambourne, Punch magazine, and the Edwardian period in general. Chapters 2 and 3 discuss four Women's Suffrage cartoons and four Socialism cartoons respectively. Chapter 4 draws conclusions regarding Sambourne's techniques as a cartoonist as well as the relationship between the text and image in his illustrations.
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Ottewill, Roger Martin. "Faith and good works : Congregationalism in Edwardian Hampshire 1901-1914." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6232/.

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Congregationalists were a major presence in the ecclesiastical landscape of Edwardian Hampshire. With a number of churches in the major urban centres of Southampton, Portsmouth and Bournemouth, and places of worship in most market towns and many villages they were much in evidence and their activities received extensive coverage in the local press. Their leaders, both clerical and lay, were often prominent figures in the local community as they sought to give expression to their Evangelical convictions tempered with a strong social conscience. From what they had to say about Congregational leadership, identity, doctrine and relations with the wider world and indeed their relative silence on the issue of gender relations, something of the essence of Edwardian Congregationalism emerges. In their discourses various tensions were to the fore, including those between faith and good works; the spiritual and secular impulses at the heart of the institutional principle; and the conflicting priorities of churches and society at large. These reflect the restlessness of the period and point to a possible 'turning of the tide'. They also call into question the suitability of constructs such as 'faith in crisis' or 'faith society' to characterise the church history of the Edwardian era.
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Duncan, Andrew George. "The military education of junior officers in the Edwardian army." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7634/.

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This thesis charts the military education of junior Edwardian army officers, moving chronologically through key aspects of the process. It examines the detail of curricula at Sandhurst and Woolwich, the prevalence of entry via auxiliary forces and the military knowledge of men who gained commissions by that route, the training and study officers undertook after commissioning, and the education available at Camberley and Quetta. It thus offers a holistic examination of officer education. It concludes that there was a strong and growing professionalism among the junior commissioned officers, founded on their acquisition of skilled expertise and their expectations of advancing in their careers on the basis of professional merit. This thesis contributes to broader debates in three ways. Firstly, by going beyond existing studies which focus heavily on the upper echelons of the officer corps, it allows a more complete examination of the competence and military capacity of the Edwardian army. Secondly, it contributes to discussions on professionalism and processes of professionalization at the beginning of the twentieth century. Thirdly, it considers the nature of the training and education that the Edwardian Army undertook and seeks to locate this within discussions on the proper form and objectives of officer education.
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Den, Otter Sandra. "The search for 'social philosophy' : the idealists of late Victorian and Edwardian Britain." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306690.

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Thomas, Matthew. "Paths to utopia : anarchist counter-cultures in late Victorian and Edwardian Britain 1880-1914." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1998. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4237/.

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Most historiography on British Anarchism has concluded that the Anarchists contributed very little to the political, social and cultural life of Britain. This thesis aims to provide an alternative view. The failure of Anarchism as a coherent political movement has been adequately charted by others. The purpose of the present work is to investigate the impact of Anarchist ideas and practices within the wider political culture. It will demonstrate that Anarchism had significant things to say about many of the issues troubling British society at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries. The Anarchist contribution often demonstrated a high degree of originality and coherence and therefore deserves to be taken seriously. The first chapter outlines the evolution of British Anarchism from the 1880's onwards in order to construct a chronological and organisational context for the thematic debates that follow. It provides an historical account of the various Anarchist groups in Britain and their relations with the rest of the Socialist movement. Chapter Two builds on this by discussing the various social and cultural mileux characteristic of British Anarchism. The following chapters present evidence of the Anarchist contribution to a variety of diverse developments in British society between the 1880's and 1914. In order, these are educational practices, communal ways of living, trade unionism, Syndicalism and finally the status of women in society. The conclusion maintains that, although Anarchist influence was weakened by sectarianism and organisational failures, the Anarchists nevertheless made an original contribution to the political culture, both as theorists and practical activists.
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Tanis, Bethany. "The “Great Church Crisis,” Public Life, and National Identity in late-Victorian and Edwardian Britain." Thesis, Boston College, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1969.

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Thesis advisor: Peter Weiler
This dissertation explores the social, cultural, and political effects of the “Great Church Crisis,” a conflict between the Protestant and Anglo-Catholic (or Ritualist) parties within the Church of England occurring between 1898 and 1906. Through a series of case studies, including an examination of the role of religious controversy in fin-de-siècle Parliamentary politics, it shows that religious belief and practice were more important in turn-of-the-century Britain than has been appreciated. The argument that the onset of secularization in Britain as defined by both a decline in religious attendance and personal belief can be pushed back until at least the 1920s or 1930s is not new. Yet, the insight that religious belief and practice remained a constituent part of late-Victorian and Edwardian national identity and public life has thus far failed to penetrate political, social, and cultural histories of the period. This dissertation uses the Great Church Crisis to explore the interaction between religious belief and political and social behavior, not with the intent of reducing religion to an expression of political and social stimuli, but with the goal of illuminating the ways politics, culture, and social thought functioned as bearers of religious concerns. The intense anti-Catholicism unleashed by the Church Crisis triggered debate about British national identity, Erastianism, and the nature of the church-state relationship. Since the Reformation, Erastians – supporters of full state control of the church – and proponents of a more independent church had argued over how to define the proper relationship between the national church and state. This dissertation demonstrates that the Church Crisis represents a crucial period in the history of church-state relations because the eventual Anglo-Catholic victory ended Parliamentary attempts to control the church’s theology and practice and, therefore, sounded the death knell of political Erastianism. In short, tensions between Protestant and Catholics reached a high water mark during the years of the Great Church Crisis. These tensions catalyzed both a temporary revival of Erastianism and its ultimate descent into irrelevance
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2009
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: History
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Books on the topic "Economy of Edwardian Britain"

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Rawcliffe, Michael. Edwardian Britain. London: Batsford, 1989.

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Goodman, Ruth. Edwardian farm. London: Pavilion, 2010.

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Ottewill, David. The Edwardian garden. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989.

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Ottewill, David. The Edwardian garden. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989.

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The Edwardian crisis: Britain, 1901-14. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1996.

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Land and society in Edwardian Britain. Cambridge, U.K: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

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Hands, Thora. Drinking in Victorian and Edwardian Britain. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92964-4.

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Hynes, Samuel Lynn. The Edwardian turn of mind. London: Pimlico, 1991.

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Hamilton, Keith. Bertie of Thame: Edwardian ambassador. Woodbridge, Suffolk [England]: Royal Historical Society, 1990.

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Ayres, Peter. Women and the Natural Sciences in Edwardian Britain. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46600-8.

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Book chapters on the topic "Economy of Edwardian Britain"

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Pugh, Martin. "The Edwardian Crisis." In Britain Since 1789, 145–53. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-27402-4_18.

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Readman, Paul. "The Edwardian Land Question." In The Land Question in Britain, 1750–1950, 181–200. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230248472_11.

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McCormick, John. "The Economy." In Contemporary Britain, 150–79. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-01718-5_7.

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McCormick, John. "The Economy." In Contemporary Britain, 134–60. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-57680-4_7.

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Hands, Thora. "Selling ‘the Drink of the Empire’: Bass & Co. Ltd." In Drinking in Victorian and Edwardian Britain, 59–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92964-4_6.

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Hands, Thora. "Introduction: Reframing Drink and the Victorians." In Drinking in Victorian and Edwardian Britain, 1–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92964-4_1.

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Hands, Thora. "Drinking for Health: Proprietary Tonic Wines." In Drinking in Victorian and Edwardian Britain, 113–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92964-4_10.

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Hands, Thora. "Neither Carnival nor Lent: Everyday Working Class Drinking." In Drinking in Victorian and Edwardian Britain, 129–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92964-4_11.

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Hands, Thora. "The Drinking Cultures of the Higher Classes." In Drinking in Victorian and Edwardian Britain, 145–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92964-4_12.

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Hands, Thora. "Conclusions." In Drinking in Victorian and Edwardian Britain, 159–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92964-4_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Economy of Edwardian Britain"

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Su, Cheng. "Comparison Between the Social Entrepreneurship Support System for College Students in Britain and America and That in China." In 2nd International Conference on Management, Economy and Law (ICMEL 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.210909.053.

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Dubravská, Mariana, and Elena Širá. "GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS PRODUCED IN AGRICULTURE SECTOR IN EU." In Fourth International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/itema.2020.257.

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Each economy must adapt its activities to the protection of the environment. It is now an essential part of everyday life, in the face of various climate changes. The Europe 2020 strategy sets out a set of objectives in the EU, including those promoting environmental sustainability, called sustainable growth. The aim of the paper is to determine, if the performance of the country, in the area of greenhouse gas emissions reduction is adequate to the strategy Europe 2020. In the analysis of greenhouse gas emission reductions, we will also focus on the agriculture sector and compare the development over time with the development in other EU countries. The analyzed period is 10 years, from 2009 - 2018. The article investigated the performance of greenhouse gas emissions in the example of EU (including the Great Britain) countries.
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Cooper, Nathanial, Anna Panteli, and Nilay Shah. "A Biomass Supply Chain Optimization Framework With Linear Approximation of Biomass Yield Distributions for Improved Land Use." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11399.

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Abstract Biomass and the bio-economy have strong potential to help shift dependency away from petroleum. Supply chain optimisation (SCO) has been used to help other industries and can be used to boost biomass industry viability. Biomass supply chain models frequently average the biomass yield of large tracts of land in their calculations. However, there can be large variation in the biomass yield within those tracts, losing useful information. This work presents a biomass SCO framework which approximates the available quality of land by piecewise linearly approximation of the biomass yield distribution, and incorporates this information into the optimisation. The linear estimates of the biomass yield distributions allow the SCO model to make more informed decisions about quantity and location of biomass growth operations, affecting all downstream decisions. A case study of mainland Great Britain has been examined using the framework to illustrate the impact of retaining biomass yield information in the optimisation, versus averaging the yield across tracts of land. The case study found that using biomass yield linear estimates reduced the overall land usage by 10%. Further, it improved biomass output, which increased the quantity of bio-products produced. All of this led to an increase in the overall profit.
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Ercan, Harun, and Mert Mentes. "Should Budapest stock exchange market investors be afraid of Brexit: a wavelet coherence analysis." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2019.038.

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Purpose − this study investigates the stock market co-movements among three countries to observe the contagion which can be increased during Brexit. Research methodology – Wavelet method used in this study to illustrate exciting dynamics of the coherence between the UK, German and Hungarian stock markets since 2012. Findings – the results show that the connection of the Budapest Stock Exchange and London Stock Exchange Market Indices is increasing recently. The coherence between DAX and FTSE appears to be very high lately. This supports the idea that may affect Hungarian markets. Research limitations – because of the nonstationary of the time series such as stock exchange market data, it is essential to have a measure of correlation or coherence such as wavelet. The days on which both markets were open could be used to see the co-movements better. Practical implications – this paper aims to show if there is a particular sign for a co-movement between markets and therefore warns the investors about a dramatic change which might appear after Brexit. After the decision of Brexit, investors in many markets do not know what their future position should be. Although it is still unknown how FTSE will react when Britain leaves the EU, as a major country of the Union it may create some sanctions. These sanctions may harm many stock markets as it may create new fluctuations. Originality/Value – this study used a technique called wavelet to search the possible effects of Brexit in an Eastern economy. The novelty of this paper is coming from the application of the wavelet method by using financial market data, that enables us to understand the relations among stock markets during no crisis time. Because many studies focus on big markets in Europe such as British, German and French stock markets, the main contribution of this study fills the gap in the literature on the effects of Brexit in an Eastern Europe Economy
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Makrevska Disoska, Elena, Irena Kikerkova, and Katerina Toshevska- Trpchevska. "COVID-19 CHALLENGES FOR EU EXTRA AND INTRA-REGIONAL TRADE." In Economic and Business Trends Shaping the Future. Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Economics-Skopje, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47063/ebtsf.2020.0011.

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The current COVID-19 crisis will take a severe toll upon the world and the EU economy. Exports and imports between member-states account for around 30.6% of EU GDP (average value for the period 2007-2018) and some EU economies are particularly exposed to the crisis due to their strong trade and value chain linkages. The trade with the rest of the world also decreased by mid-March 2020, and Rotterdam’s traffic from China fell for 20% compared to the same period in 2019. This paper estimates the different impact of the intra- EU trade and extra-EU trade on EU GDP growth. By separating extra-EU trade flows from intra-EU trade flows and using cross-section fixed method, panel least squares for the period 2008-2018, we obtained results that confirm that trade exchange within EU has significantly higher effect on per capita economic growth in comparison with trade exchange with countries outside the EU (taking in consideration the sample of EU-27 countries, excluding Great Britain).The findings prove that the current measures proposed by the EU institutions are essential for sustaining the function of the Internal Market and for EU growth prospects. Despite all efforts to remain united against the rising global challenges under the COVID-19 crisis, the Union is growing further apart. The member-states are imposing restrains on the internal trade flows thus jeopardizing the achieved positive effects of trade liberalization. It is certain that the financial crisis from 2008 caused increased Euro scepticism. Therefore differences in national views and priorities must be taken into account in order to reach a democratic compromise within the EU that is going to be both effective and legitimate in order to confront the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemics. The solidarity among member-states is challenged once again.
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Reports on the topic "Economy of Edwardian Britain"

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Jones, Emily, Beatriz Kira, Anna Sands, and Danilo B. Garrido Alves. The UK and Digital Trade: Which way forward? Blavatnik School of Government, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-wp-2021/038.

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The internet and digital technologies are upending global trade. Industries and supply chains are being transformed, and the movement of data across borders is now central to the operation of the global economy. Provisions in trade agreements address many aspects of the digital economy – from cross-border data flows, to the protection of citizens’ personal data, and the regulation of the internet and new technologies like artificial intelligence and algorithmic decision-making. The UK government has identified digital trade as a priority in its Global Britain strategy and one of the main sources of economic growth to recover from the pandemic. It wants the UK to play a leading role in setting the international standards and regulations that govern the global digital economy. The regulation of digital trade is a fast-evolving and contentious issue, and the US, European Union (EU), and China have adopted different approaches. Now that the UK has left the EU, it will need to navigate across multiple and often conflicting digital realms. The UK needs to decide which policy objectives it will prioritise, how to regulate the digital economy domestically, and how best to achieve its priorities when negotiating international trade agreements. There is an urgent need to develop a robust, evidence-based approach to the UK’s digital trade strategy that takes into account the perspectives of businesses, workers, and citizens, as well as the approaches of other countries in the global economy. This working paper aims to inform UK policy debates by assessing the state of play in digital trade globally. The authors present a detailed analysis of five policy areas that are central to discussions on digital trade for the UK: cross-border data flows and privacy; internet access and content regulation; intellectual property and innovation; e-commerce (including trade facilitation and consumer protection); and taxation (customs duties on e-commerce and digital services taxes). In each of these areas the authors compare and contrast the approaches taken by the US, EU and China, discuss the public policy implications, and examine the choices facing the UK.
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