Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Économie du développement – Mexique'
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Buffa, Frédéric. "Migration et développement au Mexique." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010298.
Full textBarredo, Baqueiro Gustavo. "Initiation d'une expérience de développement socio-économique soutenable, fondée sur les principes coopératifs, dans une communauté indigène : le cas de Telchac Pueblo, état de Yucatan, Mexique." Pau, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PAUU2001.
Full textEste trabajo de investigación parte de una realidad histórica, la vulnerabilidad social sistémica de comunidades indígenas del Estato de Yucatán. La metodología de Investigación-Acción permitió estudiar a la comunidad de Telchac Pueblo, describiendo y explicando su realidad social a nivel de pricipios organizadores configurados en tres ejes : histórico, estructural y funcional. A través de un modelo conceptual articulado en función de diferentes teorías de desarrollo e intercooperación, de los modelos exitosos de Mondragón y las AMAP, y de un adecuado sistema de transferencia de conocimientos basado en el inicio de una experiencia de desarrollo comunitario basado en principios cooperativos
This research starts of a historical reality, the systemic social vulnerability of indigenous communities in the state of Yucatan. The Action Research methodology allowed the study of the community of Telchac Pueblo, describing and explaining this social reality. Three main organizing principles have been considered : historical, structural and functional. Through an articulated conceptual model based on different theories of development and inter-cooperation, the successful models of Mondragon and AMAP, and a specific knowledge transfer system based on learning and innovation, we managed building an adequate predictive system for triggering an experience of communitarian develpoment based on cooperative principles
La, Vega Navarro Angel de. "Les dynamiques de la composante pétrolière dans le développement économique du Mexique." Grenoble 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE21003.
Full textThe present thesis analyses the recent transformations undergone by the mexican oil industry during the last decade, associated with the introduction of a new institutional framework and new organisational forms in the whole economy. These transformations, however, may or may not be compatible with a new model of development based on the liberalisation of goods and capital exchanges. An understanding of this process that combines macro, sectorial and micro levels was sought using a historical perspective. The " mexican oil model " (mom) is a form of organisation whose long-lasting character has only recently been questioned, and which still influences the on- going transformations of the oil industry. Essentially, the mom was a specific combination of national ownership of the resources and public monopoly over the whole of the oil industry. Its gradual transformation take place within a transitional framework, associated with the introduction of new combinations between institutional environment and organisational forms of economic activity. The reorganisation of the oil industry includes notably : the privatisation of certain industrial activities, the modernisation of the public oil company - pemex -, the introduction of new regulations allowing greater private participation in the oil industry and the establishment of new relationships with the main actors of the international oil industry. Since the role of pemex remains central to the organisation of this sector, the success or failure of the on-going reform relies mainly on the behaviour and performances of the public oil company. It appears that such a reorganisation of the oil industry is viable in the case of a country whose economy is opening up to globalisation of finances and production. Certain resistances persist within the regulatory framework, and these have to disappear if the reform is to obtain any credibility. Moreover, pemex's present strategies indicate a number of risks and problems. Indeed, this public company has chosen a " pari rentier " (" a rentist bet "), which relies heavily on the state's exclusive right over oil and gas upstream activities. This is set against the present trend in international oil actors' strategies and behaviours, towards increasing reliance on technical progress, productivity and profit
Ramos, Morales Gerardo de Jesús. "Développement et complexité : essai d'approche systématique d́un projet de développement régional au Mexique : le cas de Cerro-de-Oro/Uxpanapa 1972-1982." Paris 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030034.
Full textAmong his professional experiences in regional development. (modernisation of agriculture) the author of the thesis chooses the case of cerro-de-oro uxpanapa(*) in the south-east of mexico, a regional project including basically the construction of a large barrage. Then, he makes an evaluation of his own real-life experience aiming at: conceptualising his own experience and challenging the economocentrist development pattern which led to the projects in which he has been working. The question which must be asked is: how to be able to "measure" the development with other criteria which could be suitable instead of the macroeconomical indicators? moreover, taking into account the sociological and ecological variables seem to be indispensable in order to give a meaning to the notion of development. One anlyses the said project during ten years; the latter is considered as a system which evolves within the different groups of actors interacting between one another and together with the environment. Due to the complex theory of the action and to the systemic approach one tries to "measure" the level of development of the system through the different states or periods which were chosen and which had, as a major indicator, the degree of complexity reached
ANGUIANO, OROZCO ARTURO. "Les transformations de l'etat mexicain dans le cadre de la mondialisation (1982-1995)." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010590.
Full textThis thesis pretends to analyse how the mexican state-nation lives his capitalist globalisation process breaked off especially since the eighties and the way that it turned out to be in somekind of leberinth. Our point of departure is the transformation that characterises this globalisation and the state- nation system crisis that appears to unleash. Taking into account the fragmentation and regionalisation, that paradoxically brings forth the universalisation without market or planet economy handicaps, we can distinguish the new north-south polarisation that appears as well as the segregation and exclusion that are brought forth with it. Further more we examine what we name, in our text, as the detaching of mexico with respect of the underdeveloped south and his attempt to engage himself to the developed north, which in practice prefigures a_northamerican country destiny. Afterwards we study the economical, social and political processes, which were triggered off under the influence of the new mexican international insertion, and the internal mutations lived by the country. Especially we emphasise in this pretended national modernisation (not only of the economy, forwarded towards exportation from now on), as well as in the state transformations and in his redefinition of the different social components relations. In our conclusions we discriminate the actors, the contradictions and the incertitude of a political transition that fluctuates between the authoritarian re- establishment and the democracy
Vézina, Catherine. "Regard historien sur une option contemporaine de développement : évolution des politiques et du développement touristiques au Yucatán dans un contexte économique et social en changement, 1984-2005." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24718/24718.pdf.
Full textZenteno, Mijangos Giovanni. "Politique monétaire : croissance et crise (le cas du Mexique)." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100108.
Full textThe recent evolution of the Mexican economy has been characterized by a worsening of the inequalities at all levels. Being itself an expression of a self-reliant model of development, which is incapable of creating the necessary conditions for the continuous growth of the national economy in relation with changes in the world market? The magnitude of the Mexican crisis is mainly characterized by a rapid degradation of the productive and financial sectors. This analysis shows the inefficiency of the different economic policies that have been unable to overcome the problems created by external circumstances and contradictions of the economic growth. When analyzing the financial dynamics, we also examined the extend of the influence of monetary policy under the constraints of budget balance policies and the balance of payment. The results depend firstly on the financing of the economic activity, and secondly on the degree of openness of the economy specially the internationalization of the national financial system has led to the formation of a highly dependent monetary model because it has suffered greatly due to the reinforcement of the circulation of foreign currency (us dollar) in the local financial markets
Tello, Diaz Carlos Manuel. "La transformation du paysage : colonisation et développement de la cité de Careyes et Cuixmala (1943-1993)." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0147.
Full textThe thesis covers a period of 50 years, which starts in 1943 with the first successful effort to colonize the coast of the state of Jalisco, and ends in 1993 with the decree of the Chamela--Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve, which determines, even today, the rhythm of economic growth in t part of Jalisco. The work is divided in Iwo parts: the first one concerns the colonization and the second the development of the coast of Careyes and Cuixmala. The division between the two is: year 1972, when the coastal motorway was inaugurated: that year marked the end of colonizatior and the beginning of development in the coast of Jalisco. The motorway enabled the arrival of the two main actors of this story: tourism (Club Méditerranée, Hotel Plaza Careyes) and conservatior (Biological Station of Chamela and Ecological Foundation of Cuixmala). The tension between tourism and conservation was embodied in the Iwo main characters who determined the history c Careyes and Cuixmala: the Italian Banker Gian Franco Brignone (who fought for development) al the English businessman James Goldsmith (who fought for conservation). The conflict belween two ended in December 1993 with the decree of the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve
Baca, del Moral Julio. "Le développement en suspens : les enjeux de l'ajustement structurel au Mexique : l'exemple de la Huastèque du San Luis Potosi." Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20018.
Full textLa aplicación de políticas de ajuste estructural en México, a partir de mediados de los años 80, pone en entredicho el desarrollo económico y social del país. La Huasteca potosina, considerada como una de las regiones de México con mayor pobreza y una fuerte desnutrición infantil, con fuertes presiones sobre la tierra y con una marcada diferenciación social y tensiones políticas. Cuales son las estrategias a seguir por los campesinos para hacer frente a esta apertura comercial hacia el marcado internacional. Acaso se cumplirán los augurios, que a manera de la Biblia, hablan de un éxodo de más de tres millones de personas del medio rural al urbano o al extranjero, antes del año 2000. Por nuestra parte sostenemos que el campesino es más proyecto que reliquia, donde el tejido social campesino, sus patrimonios culturales, organizativos y sociales se renuevan, y ante la políticas de ajuste estructural en el campo huasteco, hacen que surjan nuevas relaciones, nuevas estructuras en sus unidades socioeconómicas de producción en base a estrategias familiares productivas, les permiten plantearse como objetivos comunes, con una serie de reglas (proprias) técnicas, administrativas, políticas y/o culturales, que se arraigan en su historia comunal para tejer y estructurar nuevas organizaciones campesinas y arribar en mejores condiciones al mercado nacional e internacional hoy abierto in México, lo cual hace que haya una emergencia de proyectos alternativos de desarrollo asentados en la producción y movilización de sus recursos organizativos y patrimonios culturales, tales como son los Coordinadora de Organizaciones y Comunidades Indéginas de la Huasteca Potosina (COCIHP) con un proyecto de agricultura ecológica para la producción de café ecológico; el Fondo Regional de Empresas Sociales de la zona Puyal- Coy con proyectos para la ganadería; los Fondos Regionales para la producción y comercialización de granos básicos y piloncillo, tiendas campesinas en manos de la Alanza Campesina de la Huasteca Potosina
Pedroza, Gutiérrez Maria del Carmen. "La forêt tropicale entre développement et conservation : la réserve de la biosphère de Calakmul, et les enjeux de la mondialisation." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0069.
Full textThe doctoral dissertation investigates the links between trade, environnement and developpement in rural areas, and how they are relevant to tropical forest change (degradation). I have considered a case study in the southeast of Mexico. This case study, Calakmul, is a national park wich has the status of National Biosphere Reserve and is the biggest tropical forest Reserve in Mexico. Considering this case study I analyse, how national development policies may influence on the use and management of the natural resources wich belong to rural communities in development policy, and the use and management of natural resources wich belong to rural communities in tropical protected areas, such as Calakmul. At the same time I study how the national development policy, and the use and management of natural ressources may be affected by a trade competition dinamic at the national and international level. In order to approach this relationship I analyse the agricultural and forest policies implemented at the national and local levels. I consider the influence of the international trading system on the making and implementation of these policies and, what have been their consequences on the natural resources and the people living in the tropical forest of Calakmul
Monfort, Francisco. "Le secteur de la pêche au Mexique: une analyse sociologique de son développement." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213211.
Full textCamacho, Camacho Marisol. "L'Union européenne et la coopération au développement en Amérique latine : le cas du Mexique." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010276.
Full textMedina, Hernandez Silvia Magdalena. "Malnutrition et développement rural au Mexique : des mesures gouvernementales en contradiction à l'environnement physique, économique et social." Paris 3, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA03A033.
Full textDel, Alizal Arriaga Laura. "Les Relations entre le Mexique et la Communauté économique européenne." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100070.
Full textSulmont, Annabelle. "Assurer les pauvres et s'assurer des pauvres : les tourments de la micro-assurance : à partir de l'analyse des projets de micro-assurance santé et migration au Mexique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010539.
Full textMicroinsurance allows coping with consequences from a specific risk faced by a few persons. It differs from classic insurance by its normally low price and its operating rules adapted to marginalized people. Emerging products, which are the result of singular coalitions between microfinance, donors, insurers and States, have arisen various expectations and engendered several experiments. These actors have different and contradictory institutional cultures, interests and purposes. Considering that identifying these factors is decisive for understanfing the offer, we try to explain the emergence of microinsurances, which try to integrate social covers, beyond life insurance in case of disease. Health and migration products in the Mexican context enable us to observe a paradigmatic situation, offering a wealth of analytic opportunities
Ordonez, Sergio. "La contrainte externe dans le Mexique contemporain : l'industrialisation et le bloc historique." Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA080966.
Full textAs a result of this research it is proved that in any social formation an organic unity exists between industrialization and the historical block as well as the international integration of a national economy. To better understand this interdisciplinary matter it justifies a return to the historical block concept proposed by a. Gramsci. In mexico we have identified two organic unities existing within the aboved mentionned interdisciplinary matter : industrialization, historical block, in addition to the international integration of an economy. The first unity we have recognized contains three elements : cepalism, social corporatism and, as already stated, international integration which is based upon exportations of agro-mineral products with oil figuring since 1977 and upon the already existing external indebtedness. This first unity develops in to a crisis state form the end of 1960. This crisis forced the leadi ng mexican "political class" to research a new organic unity. The new unity also contains three elements : industrialization by decomposition and delocalisation of production process , corporatist auto-managed historical block, and international integration which includes industrial exportation, intern ational investment and external indebtedness. The national economy's insertion in a regional economical block (nafta) and the national state's partnership with the two other states of the partner's countries crystallizes mexico's newly integration in the international economy. Mexico, is neverthless, following the less inventif road form those that have already been recognized in the internation al economy. Therefore, mexico would do better by choosing another developmental road than the present one
Flores, Hernández Aurelia. "Género, tirra, trabajo y migración en el contexto de las nuevas ruralidades en Tlaxcala, México." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20976.
Full textCortes, Zéa Carlos. "La coopération Sud-Sud du Mexique, au sein de la nouvelle configuration de la coopération internationale pour le développement post-2015." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS124/document.
Full textTheoretical frameworks no longer explain our understanding of the new challenges faced by international development cooperation stakeholders. The end of the Cold War, the political affirmation of “emerging countries”, and the growing activism of non-state actors (NGOs, private sector, foundations, academia, etc.) are shattering the traditional paradigm. Furthermore, the increasing importance of private flows alongside the relative stagnation of ODA is redefining traditional donor’s role. In this sense, it is necessary to revitalize the analysis to comprehend this international phenomenon.Over the last twenty years, the economic success of emerging economies contrasts with the persisting inequalities and marginalization problems that they shelter. Despite the various challenges that they still face, these “Southern Providers” are increasing their cooperation programs. South-South Cooperation has risen steadily since the year 2000. In 2013 these flows represented a total of $23.5 USD billion, while Official Development Assistance of OECD countries attained $135.1 USD billion during the same year.Inside the so-called "Southern Providers”, the scope is often overlooked or ignored. In Mexico for instance, the approval of a law in 2011 implemented a new international development cooperation system. The wide range of projects in Central America (considered by Mexican stakeholders as their “natural influence zone”) are formulated to sit within a legal framework, while the law is planned to be extended beyond these type of projects. Given these renewed ambitions, there is a need to better understand what is being done by Mexico in this area. As such, it is estimated that Mexican cooperation flows accounted for $551 USD millions in 2013.In this respect, the current discrepancies between traditional and South-South Cooperation raises several issues. If traditional donors’ practices are discussed within the Development Assistance Committee of the OECD, those of Southern Providers remain out of reach. Therefore, the classic international aid architecture is being eroded.Proposing new analytical frameworks has become necessary. In this regard, the international environment following the adoption of the Post-2015 Development Agenda cannot be capitalised upon with outdated concepts. As a central part of this thesis, the concept of “configuration” formulated by Norbert Elias allows us to understand the phenomenon further. In this sense, the analysis of the new configuration of international development cooperation aims to understand a new distribution of power between relevant stakeholders. While the “architecture” needs to be conceived and planned, a “configuration” has a dynamic nature, and is shaped by the players’ strategies to increase their power. The result is a configuration defined by the positioning of actors within the common space, and the international scene.This research is structured in three parts. First, it explains the new configuration of international cooperation for development. Second, it analyses Mexico’s "systemic responsibilities" as an emerging country towards Central American countries. Finally, it addresses Mexican South-South Cooperation, in the context of the implementation of its new international development cooperation system
La gama de conceptos disponibles ya no es suficiente para comprender los nuevos retos que enfrentan los actores que operan dentro de la cooperación internacional para el desarrollo. El fin de la Guerra Fría, la afirmación política de los “países emergentes” y el creciente activismo de los actores no-estatales (ONG, sector privado, fundaciones, universidades, etc…) han modificado la dinámica que regía las relaciones internacionales durante los años 90. Aunado a esto, la importancia de los flujos privados ante el estancamiento de la Ayuda Oficial al Desarrollo (AOD) está redefiniendo el rol de los donantes tradicionales. En este sentido, es necesario proponer nuevos marcos conceptuales que nos permitan analizar este fenómeno internacional.A pesar de los múltiples desafíos en términos de desigualdad y pobreza a los que se enfrentan, los “Cooperantes del Sur” están ampliando sus programas de cooperación. En consecuencia, la Cooperación Sur-Sur ha aumentado en forma constante desde el año 2000. En el 2013, estos flujos representaron un total de $23,5 mil millones de dólares, mientras que la AOD ascendió a $135 mil millones durante el mismo año. Esta tendencia puede a veces ser percibida por los donantes tradicionales como una amenaza.Al interior de los llamados « Cooperantes del Sur », el alcance de las políticas de cooperación a menudo se pasa por alto o es ignorado. Es el caso de México, en donde la entrada en vigor de una ley en el 2011 estableció un nuevo sistema de cooperación internacional para el desarrollo. Formulada para aumentar la eficacia de los proyectos llevados a cabo en Centroamérica (subregión considerada la “zona natural de influencia” de México), la ley favorece la implementación de proyectos de cooperación en otras partes del mundo. Frente estas ambiciones renovadas, es necesario estudiar las acciones del país en el campo. Como tal, se estima que la cooperación mexicana se elevó a aproximadamente $551 millones de dólares en el 2013.Desde este punto de vista, la actualización de la escisión entre la cooperación tradicional y la Cooperación Sur-Sur plantea varios problemas. Si las prácticas de los donantes tradicionales son discutidas y son objeto de concertación dentro del Comité de Asistencia para el Desarrollo de la OCDE, aquellas relativas a la Cooperación Sur-Sur permanecen fuera de su alcance. Por lo tanto, nos encontramos ante la erosión progresiva de la arquitectura clásica de la ayuda internacional para el desarrollo.Proponer nuevos puntos de referencia se vuelve necesario. A partir de aquí, la coyuntura que resultó de la adopción de la Agenda de Desarrollo post-2015 requiere la adopción de marcos teóricos alternativos. Para esta tesis, la noción de “configuración”, formulada por Norbert Elias, nos permite entender el fenómeno desde otro enfoque. El análisis de la “nueva configuración de la cooperación internacional para el desarrollo post-2015”, es un intento por comprender la nueva distribución del poder entre los actores que la conforman. La “configuración post-2015” es de naturaleza dinámica, moldeada por las estrategias de los actores que la constituyen, cuyo objetivo es aumentar su margen de maniobra. Se trata en definitiva de una “configuración particular”, definida por el posicionamiento de los actores internacionales
Collombon, Maya. "Les bâtisseurs de Mésoamérique : le plan Puebla Panama, une politique de développement transnationale au défi de ses opposants : Mexique - Nicaragua (2000-2010)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1116.
Full textIn May 2001, a transnational social movement connects indigenous actors from southern Mexico and Central America in conflict against a development public policy, the Plan Puebla Panama (PPP). The study of both promotion and contestation to the PPP in Mexico and Nicaragua aims to examine the concept of transnational applied to public policy as to collective protest. The thesis shows that indigenous actors put on the front stage by contentious actors, and by public sector in response to the protests, are not the central actors of transnationalization. The sociogenesis of contention captures localized configurations where old loyalties continue to outweigh the international networks. Agrarian, religious issues, or the Zapatista legacy form the matrix that shape the movement. Chiapas thus constitutes a condensed topography of rural and indigenous struggles where international connections are secondary to a majority of actors. Similarly, the transnationalization of public policy is not simply due to the regional involvement of international financial institutions but also to Mexican elites reconfiguration that ensure their domination on Central American partners and their political positions after the 2000 election's. These reticular and differentiated configurations between promotors and opponents of the development public policy do not operate explicit connections, but they share a set of discursive signifiers that, despite the differentiation of meanings, gradually builds a common reference space: Mesoamerica
Robles, Belmont Eduardo. "Les Fondations, acteurs de l'émergence des nouvelles technologies dans les pays non hégémoniques : le cas des micro et nanotechnologies au Mexique." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00691260.
Full textJeannot, Fernando. "Le Mexique : d'une économie de rentes à une économie de production." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010023.
Full textFrom 1983 to the present the mexican economy has been immersed in a process of institutional change through which the rental economy, shaped by the uncertain industrialization, can become into a productioneconomy, based on productivity gains. The fullfillment of this institutional change has been attempted trough liberal-type reforms that have given rise to a meta-game scenario charaterized mainly by the conflict caused by the laying down of the rules that the economic agents must follow. A logic of action and behavoir conflict is thus set forth between the own attitudes of rentism and those proper of the productive competition, which define the agents' action. This confrontation affects, with no restriction, the sustainbility the production factors. This conflict develops, from aword imperative for competition, within the functional relations of the national economy and leads into the structural problems of it. Even though the process of institutional change and modernization was started a decade ago by the political and economic elite, its future as a colective and dinamic process, is still doubtful. This was evident as the 1994 patrimonialism crisis jeopardized the complet market' reforms
Dougherty, Sean Michael. "Regulation and trade in development : explaining productivity at the firm level." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010012/document.
Full textInstitutions, and their underlying rules, are essential for economic development, in that they provide a framework for markets to operate. However, different types of regulatory roles and even institutional settings may have very different effects on outcomes at the firm or individual level. This dissertation examines the effect of several types of rules and institutions on productivity and related measures. The first chapter examines the effect of international competition and domestic competitive barriers on firm-level productivity growth in the OECD. A close interaction is observed between import penetration and domestic barriers to entry, conditional on a firm's distance to the technological frontier. The second chapter examines the effects of labor market reform on plants in different Indian states. A positive effect of labor market reform is found on plant-level productivity growth in labor-intensive and volatile industries. The third chapter looks at Indian exporters who took advantage of capital account liberalization to invest abroad, and explores whether they gained through learning-by-doing. After matching these firms with similar firms that did not invest abroad, the chapter finds that productivity was not boosted, though firms did gain in terms of their overall size through market access. The fourth chapter explores how the legal system in different Mexican states has impacted the size of firms through heightened capital intensity. States with higher quality legal institutions are found to have systematically larger and more productive firms
Martinez, Zavala Tatiana. "Essays on Mexican Migration to the US." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2150/document.
Full textChapter 1Local Development and the Decision to Migrate : Evidence from Mexican Migration to the USMexican migration to the United States is one of the largest migration phenomena and subject to a wide range of studies having reached more than 11 million of Mexican immigrants in the US, which accounts for nearly a tenth of Mexico’s population and a third of all US foreign-born population. Despite having been widely studied, this paper contributes the scarce literature of the supply-side perspective. The paper is comprised by a simple game theoretic model which aims at illustrating the relationship between development outcomes and the decision to migrate and hence to motivate and provide a framework for the empiricalanalysis. Furthermore, the model incorporates a factor that has been recently shown to play a part on the migration decision : organized crime. Recent kidnapping of migrants suggest a new risk affecting trajectories, while a more violent environment may contribute to push migrants away from their homes. We test the model’s findings empirically using household survey data and propose different effects for legal and illegal migrants, as defined by the type of documents used to enter the US. The results from the illegal migrant subsample are in line with our theoretical framework and support the importance of local development variables as a determinant of migration.Chapter 2Foreign Aid, Illegal Migration and Organized CrimeThrough this chapter, the link between foreign aid, illegal migration and development is studied in a game-theoretic framework. We model a sequential game of a foreign government that decides its border control and foreign aid policies, which are known to source country government deciding on the level of investment in domestic development. In this particular framework, aid is used to fight crime organizations in the source country, as it represents a negative externality for the donor. Potential migrants then make their migration decisions after observing both government’s expenditure decisions, which have an impact on the probability of success. The model suggests migration flows are reduced by development expenditure and that the existence of organized crime, reduces the optimal level of aid allocated as crime works as an additional tool for reducing illegal migration. The model isthen tested empirically through a simultaneous equation model using cross-country data on migrant sending countries to eveloped donor countries. Most model predictions are supported by our empirical specification, suggesting indeed a reduction in aid allocation when migration and crime are high.Chapter 3The fall of mobility when moving : A study of social mobility of Mexican migrants to the US This chapter aims to study the impact of parental migration on their children. In concrete, we intend to infer the causal impact of US migration on the intergenerational transmission of education in Mexico. Social mobility and migration had only been analyzed comparingimmigrants and natives in the destination country. Thus, targeting the migrant population from the source-country perspective, our paper contributes the literature with a unique study of the effects of migration on the educational mobility of the left behinds. Using household survey data, we look at the educational attainment of individuals in Mexico and compare it to that of their parents and according to the parents migration status during their childhood. We exploit historical data to solve for the endogeneity of the decision to migrate through an instrumental variables approach, which allows us to draw causal inference of our results. Our results show that, although attractive on the short-term through the alleviation of current poverty, migration may be detrimental to the equality of opportunities on the long-run
Duranton, Gilles. "Économie géographique, urbanisation et développement." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0037.
Full textThe introduction is a broad survey on the issue of agglomeration and dispersion. The main question is to understand why economic activity and agents tend to gahter in some places. Other related questions are : what determine the size, the functions and the relative locations of agglomerations. The main perspective is historical the first chapter proposes a simple formalisation of urbanisation over time. Agglomeration is triggered by labour specialisation. Dispersion steems either from the transport cost for agricultural products (it defines early urbanisation) or for commuting costs (modern urbanisation). The next chapter is devoted to the controversy about the links between industrialisation and agriculture. It is shown that for a closed economy, a strong agriculture is a necessary condition for industrialisation. On the contrary, for a small open economy, multiple equilibria can arise. Industrialisation can occur in a country with a weak agriculture but after a positive shock on agricultural productivity. Chapters 3 and 4 analyse the dynamics of an urban system with imperfect competition and consider the effects of land policy. It is shown that competition among cities can be beneficial for growth and that land policy can improve both static and dynamic efficiencies of our economy. Moreover, with imperfect competition, institutions through which land policy is conducted matter. Finally, the last chpater examines the problem of the decentralisation of public goods when they enter the production function and not the utility function, as it is usually assumed. It is shown that the usual efficiency results are more demanding than in the traditional case
Galez-Davis, Claire. "Essais en économie du développement." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2019. http://publications.ut-capitole.fr/43155/.
Full textLe résumé en anglais n'a pas été communiqué par l'auteur
Roubaud, François. "Deux ou trois choses que je sais de lui : le secteur informel au Mexique." Paris 10, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA100091.
Full textGuzman, Sala Andrés. "Le secteur touristique au Tabasco : analyse opérationnelle et perspectives en termes d'offre et demande touristiques." Perpignan, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PERP0778.
Full textThis work contains an operational analysis of tourism in the state of Tabasco (Mexico) in order to understand and forecast tourism demand to the years 2007 and 2008. To achieve this goal, the model of operational analysis by McIntosh, Goeldner and Ritchie (2001) is used. Moreover, we establish some recommendations to improve tourist attraction in this state
Castañeda, Vázquez del Mercado César. "Crédit et développement agricole à Valladolid de Michoacán, Mexique : 1750-1860." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0108.
Full textThe text analyses the general economic situation and credit in the city of Valladolid capital of the province of Michoacán. During the long period between 1750 and 1860 Mexico experienced several changes. At the end of the independant period, numerous events changed the economy like the famine in 1785-1786, the consolidation of vales reales and the war for independence. As an independent country, the Mexican economy had to support many internal wars as well as foreign invasions. All these shocks had an impact on credit and on agriculture. We analyze the reactions of producers and the effects on economic growth for that region. The hacendados reacted in a rational way to the movements of real interest rates adjusting their demand for credit during the difficult times studied. Finally, during this period the private credit took over the church's credit. The application of the laws of Reforma ended definitively with the presence of the church in the financial market from 1860
Devoto, Florencia. "Trois essais en économie du développement." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0119/document.
Full textMy thesis explores three questions in the field of development economics. The first article, “Women At Work: Evidence From A Randomized Experiment In Djibouti” studies the determinants of the labor supply of women. Abstract: What keeps women in some developing countries from participating in the labor market? Is it limited job opportunities or limiting social norms? We examined the effects of these two factors on the labor supply decisions of women in urban Djibouti. Women were randomly assigned offers to be employed in a workfare program. The offers were exclusively targeted at women; the work could be performed by any other household member; and the earnings were paid out into a bank account established for the person who performed the work. We find a net increase in labor supply of over 50 percentage points: 96 percent of the women accepted the offers and 73 percent of women performed the work themselves. We observed none of the longer-term effects on labor supply by women that we would have observed if the increases in women’s employment had changed prevailing social norms on women working. Indeed, the women who received the temporary employment offer reverted back to non-participation in the labor market when the program ended. This suggests that, in urban Djibouti, what keeps women from participating in the labor market is not so much deterrent social norms but limited employment opportunities. The second article, “Turning A Shove Into A Nudge? A “Labeled Cash Transfer” For Education” looks at the determinants of households’ education investments. Abstract: Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs) have been shown to increase human capital investments, but their standard features make them expensive. We use a large randomized experiment in Morocco to estimate an alternative government-run program, a “labeled cash transfer” (LCT): a small cash transfer made to fathers of school-aged children in poor rural communities, not conditional on school attendance but explicitly labeled as an education support program. We document large gains in school participation. Adding conditionality and targeting mothers made almost no difference in our context. The program increased parents’ belief that education was a worthwhile investment, a likely pathway for the results. The third article, “Estimating The Impact Of Microcredit On Those Who Take It Up: Evidence From A Randomized Experiment In Morocco”, studies how increased access to credit impact households in rural areas. Abstract: We report results from a randomized evaluation of a microcredit program introduced in rural areas of Morocco in 2006. Thirteen percent of the households in treatment villages took a loan, and none in control villages did. Among households identified as more likely to borrow, microcredit access led to a significant rise in investment in assets used for self-employment activities, and an increase in profit, but also to a reduction in income from casual labor. Overall there was no gain in income or consumption. We find suggestive evidence that these results are mainly driven by effects on borrowers, rather than by externalities
Pérez, Siller Javier. "Fiscalité, économie et pouvoir au Mexique (1867-1911) : instauration, consolidation et chute d'un régime." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010515.
Full textLoera, Ruiz Roman Alonso. "Le secteur des biens d'équipement au Mexique : évolution et possibilités d'expansion." Paris 9, 1986. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1986PA090032.
Full textThe capital goods sector is now becoming the core of the mexican industrialization. Because is an industrial sector that deals with the technological change, this sector is the center of the economic expansion phenomenon. From 1940 today, the industrialization was the motive power of the economic growth. In accordance with the evolution of the industrialization based on import substitution, the phase concerning the consumer goods is now finished and mexico is actually progressing to an advanced stage concerning an intensive production in capital goods. This working study focus to analyse the evolution and the expansion possibilities of the mexican capital goods industry. The capital goods industry was built up having production's conditions with a low technological level. Actually, this industry confront a serious problem resulting from the competitive technological demand's evolution. This problem is not only a temporary disorder between the supply and demand, but a profound consequence from various factors spawning a limitation in the industry's development process. The expansion possibilities of the capital goods industry are based in : an increase of the productive installed capacity utilization coefficient and the national integration, and a selected diversification in new products and production processes. The development of the mexican capital goods industry is an imperative to support the economic growth, to reach the technological mastery and to be integrated in the world's industrializaton process
Montout, Sylvie. "Croissance, investissement, spécialisation et régionalisation Nord-Sud : une application au Mexique." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010055.
Full textRouvalis, Georges. "Pétrole et capitalisme : nationalisation pétrolière et développement capitaliste au Mexique : 1938-1978." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100257.
Full textVelazquez, Vadillo Fernando. "Le financement bancaire des entreprises industrielles au Mexique." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100170.
Full textRychen, Frédéric. "Infrastructures et développement économique local." Aix-Marseille 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX24007.
Full textBojorquez, Lopez Fernando. "Développement urbain et aménagement de la région sud-est du Mexique : le cas de l'état du Yucatan." Paris 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA030245.
Full textAfter having analyzed the geographical, economic and demographic origins of the urban centers of the yucatan state, more particularly of merida (chief town of this state) and its conurbation and the conflicting characteristics of the urban policy of the mexican government in the international, national and regional context : we find that the development of this area is closely linked to the development of a system of economically integrated urban centers where towns play a key role in the growth point attracting industries and populations, while reproducing the pernicious patterns of concentration-dispersion existing on the national level. Therefore it seems necessary to set an eventual policy aiming at reorganizing the structure of the long-term planned urban network (year 2000), in order to decentralize merida into several towns selected according to their developing potentialities and to their sphere of influence in rural environment, thus bringing a change of orientation in the role played by the government as a planning organism
Reynier, Claude. "Différenciation sociale et développement rural : le cas du Chontalpa, Mexique." Paris 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA010057.
Full textBrindis, Almazan María de Lourdes. "Estructuras de organización para el desarrollo socioeconómico local : la comunidad artesanal." Lyon 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO33002.
Full textHow to do then a artisan community will be effective, social y economic, without response complety to the parameters socioeconomic global model ? This study propose to constitute a knowledge than permit to do artisan activity a process cultural and social than the economic development. This research propose it trouve the structural bases (actions and conditions) of the efficacy of the artisan community toward a favorable socioeconomic development. The departure point it characterize for the made of then thats communities arrange of a social capital and knowledge than convert its in experts in his its matter of the work and efectiveness in its socioeconomic development, but can't arrange with the institutional support for to enlarge its capabilities. They are relegate to self-work status. The result to hope is to identify the variables than enter in play for eficacy of the artisan communities between they are the particulars actions of the actors of the community and the conditions in they this actions have efect
Longui, Miekountima Adrien. "Entrepreneuriat "informel" et développement local." Littoral, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DUNK0035.
Full textLazos, Chavero Elena. "Du mai͏̈s à l'orange : transformation de la structure agraire, développement et crise agricole d'une région mexicaine (Oxkutzkab, Yucatan)." Paris, EHESS, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992EHES0011.
Full textThe causes and the consequences of the transformation of the agrarian society in the south of yucatan are the main focus of this research. The mayan-yucatecan society has been marked since the beginning of this century by the implusive development of irrigated commercial crops (fruits, mainly oranges, and vegetables), accompanied by the prolongated crisis of maize and associated crops. The analysis of the dynamics of agrarian systems permits us to understand the transformation from traditional agriculture towards commercial agriculture. The evolution of social relations expressed by the organisation of the family and the community, by the kinship and "compadrazgo" system and by the clientelistic relations clarifies regulations involved in the acces to ressources (land, irrigation, credits) and commercialisation. The economic crisis, the influence of consumer society, regional modernisation, governmental policy towards ethnic cultures in liason with the arrival of protestant sects conjointly have been the principal instigators of the contradictory evolution of mayan culture
Gollain, Vincent. "Approche méthodologique d'une stratégie de développement régional." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010065.
Full textThis research work involves a reflection on regional development with the idea that it could be enhenced, even amplified, by the use of a methodology. The first part analyzes the regional plan and the regulations developped after the world war ii and concludes that this method no longer reflects the contemporary economical and political context. That is why a new regulation mode is proposed : "the regional plan strategy" of which the second part develops the methodological foundation. This method is based on three fundamental principles (a global vision, a sensitive approach and a flexible method), and on a reading scheme for regional spaces which uses the teaching of complexity theory. This new regulation assumes the creation of a coordination system, and the choice for fundamental aims which give form to the regional objectives. The third part concerns the follow-up of the proposed method. The point is to elaborate an intentional strategy weaving strategically internal forces and weaknesses of the region as into external threats and opportunities, in order to bring out the borders for regional maneuvers. Uncertainty phenomena being accounted for, the regional future is conceived from hypothesis for which combinations are picture qualified. On the basis of this reflection, the regional strategy is built around three concepts : avoidance, confrontation and cooperation. This strategy is caracterized by its flexibility, its will for participation and by a strong freedom to initiate, left to regional agents. These characteristics allow the intentional strategy to grow by itself according to the evaluations made, so that the final strategy could be different from the initial one
García-Garza, Domingo. "L'entreprenariat informel : le cas des marchands de tacos à Monterrey (Mexique)." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0144.
Full textThrough the case study of taco street vendors, this thesis will try to put into perspective both classical sociology and standard economic theorics that traditionally explain entrepreneurship. By comparing empiric and theoretical ways of socialization to economy, this research attempts to bring to the fore the social dimension of economic activity, which is often ignored by institutional economics. This investigation wants to measure the effectiveness and weaknesses of "economic literacy" in Mexico undertaken by business incubators from both public and private sectors. First, it is crucial to identify the main characteristics of the market in which these entrepreneurs participate (e. G. , uncertainty concerning quality. Major discrepancies of evaluation. Low competitive markets, non-standardized products). Second, the fieldwork shows that the entrepreneur's talent consists in filling the gaps in the retail food distribution (in space, in time. Or according to price or quality). Third, this research endeavor will show that the social embeddedness of these activities, often considered "unregulated", is the source of its own regulation. Therefore, economic exchanges are reached by cultural features shared by entrepreneurs and consumers and by the information (trust reputation, quality) which circulate through social networks
Parra, Johanna. "Le business : une forme sociale mexicaine : ethnographie d'un marché de textile et confection au centre historique de la ville de Mexico." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0158.
Full textThe purpose of this dissertation is the understanding of the reasoning, behaviors and actions, of some specific Mexican traders of the Historical Center of Mexico City, that develop informal and illegal commercial activities, such as sales in public spaces, piracy or smuggling. I have therefore to introduce to the sociological concept of business. It will help for the explanation of the effective case studies which I made ethnography with extensive fieldwork between 2005 and 2008 of these Mexican trading areas and populations. The understanding of this concept is very important because it constitutes the interpretation key of the ethnography. The sociology of business is not only descriptive but has also deep inspiration based on a central question related to the Latin American societies where we live. As are used to do the anthropologists, I focused on a particular case, but I never stopped thinking in general questions on the becoming of other cases. The invention of this concept has the motivation, although studying a particular fieldwork, to interrogate on other similar cases. This is why this work although the continuous ethnographic characteristic of this dissertation, has never stopped holding a general sociological perspective. The business is the way I call all along the text, a mixed set of rational instrumental economic action which seeks to set up a trade, a sale, a profit, with behaviors orientated to norms which obey to parentage, obedience and legitimacies which trace family, community and paternalistic aspects to the social groups I studied. Around business, are tied together great social and political sectors giving birth to a social form in which the exercise of business determine the structures of social control, of security, so to the group and community norms that regulate, arrange and impose their hierarchies : they form a social form. The individuals of this social group have economic motivations searching for the optimization of their profit and motivations for subsistence, their motivations to follow the rules of the family group, motivations for exploitation of family and community networks. We should say that they have multiple motivations, there is not a motivation for the business, but a crossroad of motivations between trades and subsistence, group norms and instrumental self motivated behavior. The constant characteristics of these motivations are the flexible and malleable adaptation according to the circumstances that the situations proposed to them. It deals with a complex and sophisticated « resourcefulness » in constant change, in a constant process of definition, redefinition and re-elaboration. The social form of the business is based on the economic, political and states-related structures. They are dealing in complicity with local powers and bring around to the different social organizations and the local leaderships develop a fundamental role in the Mexican social functioning
Bringas-Rabago, Nora Leticia. "Développement touristique dans le couloir côtier Tijuana-Ensenada à la frontière nord du Mexique : dynamique de l'occupation du sol et aménagement." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030116.
Full textNowadays, tourism is one of the most dynamic phenomena around the globe. Beyond its tangible aspects, tourist activity is a social process that has a strong spatial component, where the social and the natural realms uniquely converge. This makes tourism an extremely diverse process that configures spaces and determines times. In oedre to analyze the complexity of tourism in the territory of the coastal corridor Tijuana-Ensenada (COCOTEN), this paper adopts a geographical point of view, although it is not limited to this perspective. In that respect, several distinct methodological approaches are employed to encompass the object of study. Such approaches come from the wide spectrum of methods found within the social sciences. Among these, this study emphasizes land use planning ; the historical reconstruction of events that led to the actual configuration of COCOTEN ; the compilation of user's characteristics ; a census of services offered, including urban and tourism infrastructure, and the evolution of land use patterns in the region. .
Sebag, Sandra. "Ajustements, interventions de l'Etat et transitions : une approche institutionnelle appliquée aux cas du Mexique, de la Hongrie, de la Pologne et de la Russie." Paris 13, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA131041.
Full textThis thesis aims at analysing the role and place of the state in transient. Eastern and southern economies. To this end, we first reviewed the policies applied, i. E. Stabilisation and structural adjustment policies, through their theoretical models and their applications. Beyond issues raised by the models' internal consistency, we showed that they failed, both to develop transparent and efficient market mechanisms and to provide for sustained stabilisation of macro-economic balances. Therefore, the primary criticism we had against this strategy relates to the fact that it is not appropriate to the institutional configuration of the economies where it has been applied. To prove that, we next analysed two essential institutions: money and organisations, both theoretically and in connection with their functioning in post-socialist economies. We can regard money as a lawful institution. As such, it obeys a recognition process based on guarantees and constraints dictated by the state. It was evident here that lawfulness and sovereignty of money can only be asserted by means of the various policies applied. Such policies have therefore led to debt accumulation. In order to halt and reduce such accumulation, the functioning of debt-issuing organisations should be modified, and the lawfulness and credibility of the state be asserted, including with respect to control. We therefore had to outline the role of the state in a third part. We first studied the various proposals put forward by liberal proponents, which relate to the setting of market rules as well as to a social policy based on the concept of substitution (minimum help granted when the market cannot guarantee the survival of individuals). Since this approach does not allow for the creation of medium term credibility or lawfulness, we have complemented it by developing proposals in line with industrial policy. Here, the specificity of our method is that we have doubled up a standard analysis of industrial policy with an analysis of incentives based on relevant justice criteria for each institution (agencies, public and private companies)
Toledo, Figueroa Diana Evangelina. "Gouvernance, démocratie et développement : les dynamiques du pouvoir autour du processus de décentralisation éducative au Mexique (1982-2006)." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0134.
Full textAccording to the « Good Governance » principles, this thesis analyses the undergoing dynamics in education between the State, Civil Society and the Private Sector in Mexico. A central element of the Good Governance principles is the importance granted to decentralization as a device to better manage complex and different contexts. International organisms see this policy as a means to increase accountability of governments regarding their population needs, reducing poverty and fostering a better development. One of the objectives of this thesis is to analyze whether this Good Governance principles can be applied to Mexico, which adjustments may be needed across lime for this or according to different group interests and the specific implications that may appear in the case of the Mexican education sector. The period analyzed starts from the economic crisis of 1982, a key moment for democratization mobilizations in Mexico. The year 2006 corresponds to the end of the first presidential period recognized internationally as "democratic". It is during this 24-year period that took place, in 1992, the signature of the Acuerdo Nacional para la Modernizacion Educativa (ANMEB), between the Government of Mexico, the Governments of Federal States and the Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educacion (SNTE). Through this agreement, a decentralization reform was planned, but also a reform of the career systems of education workers and curricular contents, although results today seem limited
Ouyahia, Emmanuel. "Macrodynamique et pollution internationale en économie ouverte." Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE0007.
Full textSustainable development incorporates an international dimension particularly through physical links between ecological-systems (eg. Acid rains and greenhouse effect) and economic links between countries (eg. International trade and finance). From this point of view, as we show it in the firts chapter of our thesis, economic literature has focused mainly on some of these issues without handling all of them simultanously. In order to filling this gap, in the second chapter, we have extended the neoclassical models of growth to the case of international pollution and trade. In the third chapter we have extended the harrod-domar's growth model to the case of international pollution in open economy. In the last chapter, owing to the samuelson's correspondance principle between comparative statics and dynamics, we have introduced international pollution in a dynamic model of mundell-fleming type
Pirrone, Claudio. "Théorie du développement territorial dans une économie de satiété." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00787507.
Full textLoufoua-Lemay, André-Roger. "Les stratégies optimales d'endettement dans une économie en développement." Aix-Marseille 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX24001.
Full textThe policy of debt economy is to reach the optimal balance through the theory of optimal control. The capital stock per head is, at the same time, equal to the levl of consumption per head and to the loan per head. The risks of default or repudiation are examined from the solvency conditions of a debt economy. The theory of games through active negociations leads to an optimal solution which is called the balance nash. The difficulties in the payment of debt often make creditors are cautions, to avoid any failure in the payments. The cautions policies of the creditors (rationing, involuntary lending, rescheduling) depend on the ability to pay of the debitor country and on the overall market conditions
Labat, Corinne. "Pays et patrimoine, économie et développement, ethnologie et idéologie." Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20009.
Full textFor more twenty years, one notes the emergence of the concept of "land" and the rediscovery of patrimony too. This double resurgence has concretized oneself in 1995 with the creation of the "lands" by a law, which is often, the occasion to mobilize the patrimony, to define these new spaces, to make them identifiable. In order to understand and to explain this phenomenon we chose to observe and study the construction of one of these new territories, the Lauragais, as a practitioner an ethnology of the alive one. Many are those which considered themselves, particularly in rural areas, life forgotten by the development ; the "land" allows to assert their reality, to build their identity, to be even opposed to national directives decided elsewhere. A significant question arises : attend one a transfer of the relations of domination in the social representations ? It will be necessary for us to define the concepts, and to treat many questions : heterogeneity and extension of the patrimonial field, the creation of a territorial identity, the use of the knowledge, the return of the myth, the commercialization of the culture, the political strategies. .