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1
Taylor, Myfanwy Mary. "Contested urban economies : representing and mobilising London's diverse economy." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10040423/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis builds on the growing interest in the diversity of urban economies as a starting point for more inclusive approaches to urban economic development by exploring the mobilisation of diverse economic actors. Its central innovation is to use the notion of economic performativity and Gibson-Graham’s notion of economic politics to open up the politics of diverse urban economies. By combining activism with research, this thesis not only reveals and explores but also contributes to and strengthens some of London’s emerging economic alliances at metropolitan level and in Tottenham and the London Legacy Development Corporation area, located within two of the ‘Opportunity Areas’ earmarked to play a special role in accommodating London’s growth. The thesis finds that the global city growth model embedded in London’s metropolitan governance arrangements was stretched to its limits under Boris Johnson’s Mayoralty. It suggests that Johnson’s use of London’s low-cost workspace as a release valve for London’s escalating housing crisis accelerated its extension into a workspace crisis. The thesis argues that while the growing pressure on workspace poses a threat to the diversity of London’s economy, it has also mobilised small businesses, industrial firms, migrant and ethnic retailers, market traders and community enterprises and their allies to challenge and develop alternatives to plans and development proposals that ignore, marginalise or threaten to displace them. Through a collaborative action research method inspired by Gibson-Graham’s work, the thesis explores the generative and unfolding process through which diverse economic actors built common ground and solidarity, shared their knowledge and experience and developed visions and propositions for alternative, more inclusive approaches to urban economic development. It reveals that the economic evidence underpinning London’s metropolitan and local plans not only plays a role in supporting dominant approaches but has also become a terrain of contestation and struggle for alternatives.
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DELPIAZZO, ELISA. "La partecipazione del Mozambico al SADC. Un processo di liberalizzazione attraverso diversi modelli e diverse chiusure." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1109.
Full textAbstract:
La scelta del modeller riguardo alla chiusura del modello CGE influenza i suoi risultati finali e le sue prescrizioni di policy. In questa tesi, lo scopo è l’analisi e l’identificazione del problema, sia attraverso una discussione teorica che un’ applicazione pratica.
Dall’articolo del 1963 di Amartya Sen in poi, la letteratura ha presentato vari articoli
sull’argomento. Attualmente, il problema delle chiusure del modello non appare più centrale nel dibattito. Dopo una breve introduzione su cosa siano i CGE, il loro sviluppo e la loro struttura, è presentata una serie di esemplificative maquette con lo scopo di introdurre al concetto di chiusura, come essa influenzi i risultati e come questa scelta del modeller sia intimamente connessa ai fondamenti macroeconomici del sistema. Dopo la teoria, ci si sposta nel mondo reale analizzando con differenti modelli (Neoclassico, “Bastardo Keynesiano”, Strutturalista/Post- Keynesiano) e diverse chiusure per gli aggregati macroeconomici (risparmi privati, pubblici, e stranieri) l’impatto dell’accordo regionale SADC sull’economia mozambicana.
I modelli CGE per il Mozambico sono calibrati su una SAM del 2003 e sono svolti con l’ausilio di GAMS/MPSGE. I risultati dimostrano che la chiusura influenza i risultati stessi del modello per cui ognuno presenta una serie di raccomandazioni politiche per l’applicazione dell’accordo SADC.Modellers’ choice on closure rules affects a CGE model results and consequently its policy prescriptions. In this thesis, the aim is to detect and assess this issue, both through a theoretical discussion and an empirical application. Starting from Amartya Sen’s 1963 paper, literature presents many contributions on this topic. Currently, the closure rule problem is not central in the CGE debate. After a brief introduction on CGEs, their development and their structure, a series of simple maquette is presented. They have the exemplary role of introducing the concept of closures, explain how they affect final outcomes and how this modeller’s choice is strictly connected to the macroeconomic foundation of the economic system. After theory, we move into the real World analyzing through different models (Neoclassical, “Bastard Keynesian”, and Structuralist/ Post- Keynesian), and through different closure rules for macro- aggregates (private, public and foreign savings) the impact of the Regional Trade Agreement of SADC with respect to the Mozambican economy. The Mozambican CGE models are calibrated on a 2003 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) and they are performed using GAMS/ MPSGE. Outcomes show that closure rules affect them and each model presents a set of policy prescription to implement the SADC agreement.
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DELPIAZZO, ELISA. "La partecipazione del Mozambico al SADC. Un processo di liberalizzazione attraverso diversi modelli e diverse chiusure." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1109.
Full textAbstract:
La scelta del modeller riguardo alla chiusura del modello CGE influenza i suoi risultati finali e le sue prescrizioni di policy. In questa tesi, lo scopo è l’analisi e l’identificazione del problema, sia attraverso una discussione teorica che un’ applicazione pratica.
Dall’articolo del 1963 di Amartya Sen in poi, la letteratura ha presentato vari articoli
sull’argomento. Attualmente, il problema delle chiusure del modello non appare più centrale nel dibattito. Dopo una breve introduzione su cosa siano i CGE, il loro sviluppo e la loro struttura, è presentata una serie di esemplificative maquette con lo scopo di introdurre al concetto di chiusura, come essa influenzi i risultati e come questa scelta del modeller sia intimamente connessa ai fondamenti macroeconomici del sistema. Dopo la teoria, ci si sposta nel mondo reale analizzando con differenti modelli (Neoclassico, “Bastardo Keynesiano”, Strutturalista/Post- Keynesiano) e diverse chiusure per gli aggregati macroeconomici (risparmi privati, pubblici, e stranieri) l’impatto dell’accordo regionale SADC sull’economia mozambicana.
I modelli CGE per il Mozambico sono calibrati su una SAM del 2003 e sono svolti con l’ausilio di GAMS/MPSGE. I risultati dimostrano che la chiusura influenza i risultati stessi del modello per cui ognuno presenta una serie di raccomandazioni politiche per l’applicazione dell’accordo SADC.Modellers’ choice on closure rules affects a CGE model results and consequently its policy prescriptions. In this thesis, the aim is to detect and assess this issue, both through a theoretical discussion and an empirical application. Starting from Amartya Sen’s 1963 paper, literature presents many contributions on this topic. Currently, the closure rule problem is not central in the CGE debate. After a brief introduction on CGEs, their development and their structure, a series of simple maquette is presented. They have the exemplary role of introducing the concept of closures, explain how they affect final outcomes and how this modeller’s choice is strictly connected to the macroeconomic foundation of the economic system. After theory, we move into the real World analyzing through different models (Neoclassical, “Bastard Keynesian”, and Structuralist/ Post- Keynesian), and through different closure rules for macro- aggregates (private, public and foreign savings) the impact of the Regional Trade Agreement of SADC with respect to the Mozambican economy. The Mozambican CGE models are calibrated on a 2003 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) and they are performed using GAMS/ MPSGE. Outcomes show that closure rules affect them and each model presents a set of policy prescription to implement the SADC agreement.
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Gibran, Nogueira Denise. "The sharing economy: Contributions to food security in Australia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/127580/1/Denise_Gibran%20Nogueira_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This research explores the contributions of the sharing economy to food security in Australia by examining how the sharing economy promotes access to food to a population that is unable to acquire enough healthy quality food to meet their needs. The findings of this research offer a range of sharing economy approaches to address food insecurity and provide evidence of the contributions and constraints of the sharing economy to access to food, core element of food security. The study identifies practices and policies that can be developed to achieve food security in a more meaningful way in Australia.
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Newaz, Shegufta. "Reversing the Iceberg : Making ‘diverse economies’ visible in the context of migration and gender discrimination." Thesis, KTH, Stadsbyggnad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-246154.
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The term ‘Economy’ is often framed in relation to money, GDP, industries, businesses, waged labor and market etc. This narrow portrayal of economy excludes all the diverse activities and practices that people perform in everyday life as a part of the economy. J.K Gibson- Graham reframes economy in the book ‘Take back the Economy’ by presenting it as an ‘Iceberg’. While the tip of the iceberg is the visible capitalistic economy, the base underneath is formed with wide range of activities, places and people. These activities ranges from household works, bartering, sharing, recycling, self-employments, social co-ops, volunteering, peer to peer production, reproduction to different forms of local transactions and exchanges which takes place within families, neighbors and communities. In spite of seeing economy as a self-regulating machine the authors introduce the concept of ‘diverse economies’ in which people participate and influence economic actions.The predominant focus on capitalistic economy can be seen in the practice of urban design as well. Urban spaces are designed to foster economic growth as higher GDP rather than socio-environmental wellbeing. The insatiable growth has not only depleted the nature but also created power hierarchy and inequalities in different geographical and temporal level. The diverse economies are often undervalued and obscured eventhough it contributes a great deal in socio-environmental wellbeing. Focusing on the diverse economic activities can help to understand the local practices and resources, and can open up the possibility to empower the community.The thesis explores the theory of ‘diverse economies’ in relation to migration and gender discrimination. In the crisis of mass migration, unemployment, constraints in social welfare different forms of diverse economic practices help the society to sustain well. This thesis investigates the area Hovsjö in Södertälje which is often discussed for its unemployment, segregation, unrest and lack of democratic participation. The aim of the project is to make the diverse economies in Hovsjö visible and scale it up to perform collectively for socio-environmental wellbeing.4| reversing the 'icberg' | 5KTH- sustainable urban planning & design
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Leon, Catherine. "The Effects of Connectivity on GDP per Capita Across Diverse Economic Landscapes." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2101.
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This paper quantifies the direct relationship between GDP per Capita and Connectivity variables such as mobile phone per 100 inhabitants, broadband per 100 inhabitants, and individual internet use percentage across Resource, Innovation, and Efficiency Driven countries. In order to complete this analysis, the study utilizes a fixed effect model, inspired by a previous indirect study by Shamim, published in 2007. The regression outputs find a statistically significant, positive relationship between all three connectivity variables and GDP per Capita in all types of countries. These results could have important policy implications regarding governmental infrastructure investment and future economic development.
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Means, Vivian Fowler. "Improving Literacy for Diverse Low Socio-Economic Status Middle School Students." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4312.
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In an urban district, Surfside School personnel were concerned that student literacy proficiency levels were low during 2011-2014 and teachers had not been able to close the achievement gap despite a focus on literacy practices and literacy professional development (PD) provided by the district. The purpose of this case study was to explore the perceptions of teachers and administrators in relation to the best instructional practices for increasing self-efficacy when teaching literacy skills and related literacy PD for teachers. Knowles' andragogy theory and Vygotsky's social learning theory formed the theoretical foundation of this study, which hold that PD should provide teachers with explicit instruction and opportunities for collaboration. The research questions focused on how PD helps teachers improve instructional practices. The purposeful sample consisted of 4 middle school teachers and 3 administrators and was collected through surveys, observations, semi-structured interviews, and archival documents. Data analysis consisted of an inductive approach of axial coding and categorizing the interview and observational data to derive themes. Themes supporting the findings indicated targeted PD and instructional coaching (IC) focused on evidence based literacy practices for low-income students using culturally relevant pedagogy were needed to improve teacher self-efficacy and student learning. Findings also indicated that the PD trainings could work more effectively if the teachers had more time to collaborate with the IC. Thus, the resulting project provides collaborative PD and IC targeting literacy practices using culturally relevant pedagogy. Teacher use of these practices will promote social change by improving the students' literacy support in the target district.
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Carniato, Martina <1987>. "La storia della Ragioneria italiana: le diverse Scuole italiane." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/2976.
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Con il presente lavoro di ricerca si intende analizzare l’evoluzione della Ragioneria in Italia. L’analisi sarà impostata a livello geografico, verranno analizzate le diverse Scuole Italiane, studiate attraverso i contributi dei più importanti Maestri italiani di Ragioneria. Si analizzeranno i concetti cardine della materia in esame allo scopo di individuare le innovazioni attribuibili a ciascuna Scuola di Ragioneria.
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FERRARI, LINDA. "Attitude toward gene-edited food: and economic analysis from diverse stakeholders’ viewpoint." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Pavia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1438453.
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The fast-growing global population is increasingly confronted with the need to produce enough food, while coping with growing environmental challenges. To address this issue, gene technologies are more and more put forward as a potential solution to help reaching a more sustainable food system. Recently, new genetic engineering techniques such as gene editing (GE) have been proposed as valuable solutions to overcome people’s concerns about GMOs. GE includes several tools, and one of the most prominent is CRISPR/Cas9. Nevertheless, the European Court of Justice (ECJ) ruled in July 2018 that products derived from new genetic modification techniques must be considered as GMOs (i.e. they must be subject to the same safety assessments and require the same label, thus they must undergo the European Commission Directive 2001/18).
Europe is currently experiencing a heated debate on GE food at political and scientific level, with many researchers calling for a revision toward a two-fold regulation. Beyond these regulatory challenges, public acceptance of GE food needs to be further explored, as there has been little research on this subject to date.
This doctoral dissertation examines attitude toward GE food among different stakeholders, namely farmers and consumers.
This dissertation contributes to the ongoing literature on gene-edited acceptance in several ways. First, it examines farmers’ attitude toward CRISPR/Cas9 blast resistant rice, which represents a particular application of the GE technology. Secondly, it examines consumers’ attitude toward GE food and GE labelling preferences. Both studies identify the key determinants of attitudes toward GE food. In more detail, the study conducted on farmers offers valuable insights on a hypothetical application of CRISPR/Cas9 blast resistant rice. Then, the analysis investigates the effect of a non-cognitive skill (NCS), namely the locus of control (LOC) on farmers attitude toward CRISPR rice. It represents an empirical research and the analysis was based on primary data. The study conducted on consumers aims to explore attitudes toward GE food and preferences for GE food labelling. In addition, the study addresses young adults, that is Millennials and Generation Z. These population segments include young adults who are expected to play a key role in the debate on agricultural biotechnologies of the next future. Results provided in the doctoral dissertations suggest an overall positive attitude toward gene-edited food.
Farmers generally showed a positive tendency toward CRISPR rice resistant to blast. Subjective knowledge, prior farming experience, and a low perception of risk on the agri-food business caused by CRISPR/Cas9 positively affected their attitude. Notably, having an external LOC improved attitude toward CRISPR rice. This result is surprisingly, but it has to be contextualised in the EU policy scenario, where the cultivation of CRISPR plants is not allowed. Young consumers, i.e. Millennials and GenZers, generally showed a positive attitude toward GE food. Key determinants were objective knowledge, which positively affected attitude, and environmental concern, which negatively affected it. Regarding GE food labelling preferences, key determinants were educational background, objective knowledge of EU GMO regulation (positive), and attitude toward GE food (negative). Moreover, the preference for applying a similar labelling policy to both GM and GE was negatively linked to objective knowledge. Results suggest several policy interventions. First, more information regarding new plant breeding techniques should be provided to improve knowledge on breeding technologies, particularly among farmers. Policy should also highlight the positive outcomes that NPBTs could generate on the
environment and on the economy. Finally, a revision of the current EU GM policy should be rethought to meet the needs of the population.
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Stella, Ilaria <1988 821595>. "Processi di internazionalizzazione in diversi contesti culturali." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/4208.
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La tesi diparte dal concetto di globalizzazione come fenomeno culturale per giungere al concetto di internazionalizzazione. Nell'analisi di tale fenomeno si concentra l'attenzione su un approccio culture-bound per lo studio e la comprensione del mercato estero, da cui deriva la standardizzazione o l'adattamento delle politiche del marketing mix. Tale studio presenta l'elaborazione di questionari sul processo di internazionalizzazione delle aziende italiane.
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BENAMOR, HASSOUNA. "Diversite des formes et des experiences du developpement socio-economique. Le probleme de l'approche integree." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA070048.
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La these est presentee en 3 parties : la 1ere partie, qui fait l'objet d'un volume, comporte six chapitres et a pour titre "l'approche integree de la planification du developpement economique et social. Methodologie". Elle aborde les problemes de la planification, les concepts du developpement et la methodologie pour proceder a son approche integree. On y a passe en revue un certain nombre de modeles globaux ou nationaux, puis on a applique l'approche integree a un groupe de 12 pays a hauts et moyens revenus : le chili, la colombie, la grece, le japon, la tunisie, la yougoslavie, l'inde, la coree, l'egypte, le nigeria, le pakistan et les philippines. Le 3eme chapitre est consacre a la projection de l'economie tunisienne et a une etude particuliere du coefficient de capital, les 3 derniers chapitres sont consacres respectivement a des facteurs specifiques : la prise en compte des dimensions sociales dans la planification ; la technologie, l'emploi et les revenus et leur integration dans la planification du developpement et enfin l'integration du secteur prive dans le plan national. La 2eme partie est surtout factuelle. Dans ses quatre chapitres on etudie cas par cas un 1er groupe de pays : le pakistan, l'inde, la tunisie et la colombie sous l'angle de leur infrastructure economique et sociale. Le 2eme chapitre traite de l'experience de 4 autres pays de l'approche integree : les etats-unis et leur utilisation du compte rendu social pour leur programme de lutte contre la pauvrete ; les philippines et la malaisie et leur "mouvement pour les indicateurs sociaux" et la chine, pays en developpement mais pas pauvre. Le 3eme chapitre a ete consacre au financement public des services sociaux dans le monde et le 4eme a l'etude de 3 pays a planification centrale : l'urss, la rda et la tchecoslovaquie. La 3eme partie comprend une annexe statistique de 46 tableaux et une bibliographie de 286 titres d'ouvrages, tous resumes en quelques lignes chacun et classes par themes et par auteur et 68 titres d'ouvrages resumes par mots clefsThe thesis is presented in three parts : the first part covers one volume and six chapters and is entitled "the integrated approach of economic and social development planning. The methodology". It deals with planning problems, development concepts and the methodology for realising its integrated approach. A certain number of global and national models are reviewed and the integrated approach is applied to a group of 12 countries of high and medium income : chile, colombia, greece, japan, tunisia, yugoslavia, india, korea, egypt, nigeria, pakistan and philippines. The third chapter is devoted to the projection of tunisian economy and to a special study of the input capital ratio. The three last chapters are devoted respectively to specific factors, i. E. The incorporation of social dimentions in the planning process ; technology, employment and income and their integration in development planning ; and finally, integration of the private sector in the national plan. The second part is mainly a factual one in its four chapters. A first group of 4 countries is studied case by case : pakistan, india, tunisia and colombia, in terms of their economic and social infrastructure. A second group concerns four other countries and their experience according to an integrated approach of their planning : the usa and its use of social accounting and reporting to implement their programme for eradicating poverty ; malaysia and philippines and their "movement for social indicators" ; and china considered as a developing but not poor country. The third chapter is devoted to public financing of social services in the world and the fourth and last one to the study of three countries with central planning : ussr, gdr and czechoslovakia. The third part is composed of a statistical index (46 tables) and a bibliography of 286 books, each summarised in a few lines, classified by themes and authors, and 68 other books summarised according to their key words
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Salmond, Jacqueline L. "THE SOCIAL RELATIONS OF TOURISM ON THE PERHENTIAN ISLANDS." UKnowledge, 2010. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/2.
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In recent years there has been an increase in the adoption of tourism as an economic strategy in many developing nations and a growing interest in how communities and individuals engage with tourism. This parallels research which aims to uncover alternative readings of community participation in forms of economic and social development. This research uses tourism as a lens to understand the economic subjectivity of communities engaged in tourism. Focusing on how the local populations understand, experience and participate in tourism, it paints a picture of the Perhentian Islands which challenges existing understandings of individual and community participation in tourism. The research is broadly framed as a post-development project which highlights the grass-roots and bottom-up nature of small-scale developments and focuses on the ways in which local populations are actively engaged with tourism. It draws attention to the role played by discourse and subjectivity in constructing and reframing understandings of the individual within tourism development. Such discursive constructs can be actively co-opted as a political tool to empower individuals and communities by reconstructing understandings of local engagement in tourism. By recreating understandings of community engagement with tourism, it becomes possible to create new subjectivities outside of the framework of hegemonic capital.
The methodology for this project incorporated participatory action research methods in order to facilitate community benefit through the research process. Research techniques involved both quantitative and qualitative methods in a number of settings. Ethnographic methods involving participant observation and in-depth interviews were complemented with focus groups, and property surveys. Research focused on key themes which were areas of interest identified by community members as well as questions which explored individual motivations for tourism work. In this situation, a number of motivations for engagement with tourism employment emerged. The individuals were actively seeking their employment, rather than passively accepting tourism from a limited number of choices. There were also similarities between hosts and guests which emerged, challenging the usual binary construction.
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Palmér, Gustaf. "Why do regulatory practices towards Uber diverge in the globalized economy? : Comparing regulatory responses and attitudes towards Uber in the U.S. and Sweden." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-323232.
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Tisselli, Farid <1980>. "Analisi delle preferenze per le diverse categorie di pomodoro trasformato nel food service." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5690/2/tisselli_farid_tesi.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Il pomodoro è una delle colture principali del panorama agro-alimentare italiano e rappresenta un ingrediente base della tradizione culinaria nazionale. Il pomodoro lavorato dall’industria conserviera può essere trasformato in diverse tipologie merceologiche, che si differenziano in base alla tecniche di lavorazione impiegate ed alle caratteristiche del prodotto finito. la percentuale di spesa totale destinata all’acquisto di cibo fuori casa è in aumento a livello globale e l’interesse dell’industria alimentare nei confronti di questo canale di vendita è quindi crescente. Mentre sono numerose le indagine in letteratura che studiano i processi di acquisto dei consumatori finali, non ci sono evidenze di studi simili condotti sugli operatori del Food Service.
Obiettivo principale della ricerca è quello di valutare le preferenze dei responsabili acquisti del settore Food Service per diverse tipologie di pomodoro trasformato, in relazione ad una gamma di attributi rilevanti del prodotto e di caratteristiche del cliente. La raccolta dei dati è avvenuta attraverso un esperimento di scelta ipotetico realizzato in Italia e alcuni mercati esteri.
Dai risultati ottenuti dall’indagine emerge che i Pelati sono la categoria di pomodoro trasformato preferita dai responsabili degli acquisti del settore Food Service intervistati, con il 35% delle preferenze dichiarate nell'insieme dei contesti di scelta proposti, seguita dalla Polpa (25%), dalla Passata (20%) e dal Concentrato (15%). Dai risultati ottenuti dalla stima del modello econometrico Logit a parametri randomizzati è emerso che alcuni attributi qualitativi di fiducia (credence), spesso impiegati nelle strategie di differenziazione e posizionamento da parte dell’industria alimentare nel mercato Retail, possono rivestire un ruolo importante anche nell’influenzare le preferenze degli operatori del Food Service. Questo potrebbe quindi essere un interessante filone di ricerca da sviluppare nel futuro, possibilmente con l'impiego congiunto di metodologie di analisi basate su esperimenti di scelta ipotetici e non ipotetici.Tomato is one of the most important crops of Italian agri-food sector and it is one of the main ingredient in the national culinary tradition. Fresh tomatoes can be processed by Food Industry into different categories (peeled tomatoes, tomato puree, chopped pulp, concentrate), which differ mainly for the production method used and the main features of finished product. The proportion of food expenditures going to the Food-away-from-home (FAFH) market is increasing globally. Food industry is then looking with higher interest for new business opportunities into this market channel. There is a large literature on consumers’ purchase behavior, but there are no evidences of studies on customers preferences in the Food Service market. This study analyses preferences of Food Service market customers for different types of processed tomato, according to some relevant product attributes and customer's characteristics. Data were collected through a hypothetical discrete choice experiment conducted in Italy and in some foreign markets. Results show that peeled tomatoes are the processed tomato type preferred by Food Service customers (35% of the preferences), followed by chopped pulp (25%) , tomato puree (20%) and tomato concentrate (15%). Econometric results, obtained through the estimation of a Random Parameter Logit model, indicate that customers’ preferences can be influenced by credence attributes of food products. Such kind of product characteristics are frequently used by Food Industry for market differentiation and positioning strategies in the Retail market; nonetheless, evidences from this survey suggest that they may play an important role also in influencing purchase decisions in the Food Service market. The findings of this study might be interesting for further researches on this market channel, using hypothetical and non-hypothetical methods jointly to test the robustness of these preliminary results.
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Tisselli, Farid <1980>. "Analisi delle preferenze per le diverse categorie di pomodoro trasformato nel food service." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5690/.
Full textAbstract:
Il pomodoro è una delle colture principali del panorama agro-alimentare italiano e rappresenta un ingrediente base della tradizione culinaria nazionale. Il pomodoro lavorato dall’industria conserviera può essere trasformato in diverse tipologie merceologiche, che si differenziano in base alla tecniche di lavorazione impiegate ed alle caratteristiche del prodotto finito. la percentuale di spesa totale destinata all’acquisto di cibo fuori casa è in aumento a livello globale e l’interesse dell’industria alimentare nei confronti di questo canale di vendita è quindi crescente. Mentre sono numerose le indagine in letteratura che studiano i processi di acquisto dei consumatori finali, non ci sono evidenze di studi simili condotti sugli operatori del Food Service.
Obiettivo principale della ricerca è quello di valutare le preferenze dei responsabili acquisti del settore Food Service per diverse tipologie di pomodoro trasformato, in relazione ad una gamma di attributi rilevanti del prodotto e di caratteristiche del cliente. La raccolta dei dati è avvenuta attraverso un esperimento di scelta ipotetico realizzato in Italia e alcuni mercati esteri.
Dai risultati ottenuti dall’indagine emerge che i Pelati sono la categoria di pomodoro trasformato preferita dai responsabili degli acquisti del settore Food Service intervistati, con il 35% delle preferenze dichiarate nell'insieme dei contesti di scelta proposti, seguita dalla Polpa (25%), dalla Passata (20%) e dal Concentrato (15%). Dai risultati ottenuti dalla stima del modello econometrico Logit a parametri randomizzati è emerso che alcuni attributi qualitativi di fiducia (credence), spesso impiegati nelle strategie di differenziazione e posizionamento da parte dell’industria alimentare nel mercato Retail, possono rivestire un ruolo importante anche nell’influenzare le preferenze degli operatori del Food Service. Questo potrebbe quindi essere un interessante filone di ricerca da sviluppare nel futuro, possibilmente con l'impiego congiunto di metodologie di analisi basate su esperimenti di scelta ipotetici e non ipotetici.Tomato is one of the most important crops of Italian agri-food sector and it is one of the main ingredient in the national culinary tradition. Fresh tomatoes can be processed by Food Industry into different categories (peeled tomatoes, tomato puree, chopped pulp, concentrate), which differ mainly for the production method used and the main features of finished product. The proportion of food expenditures going to the Food-away-from-home (FAFH) market is increasing globally. Food industry is then looking with higher interest for new business opportunities into this market channel. There is a large literature on consumers’ purchase behavior, but there are no evidences of studies on customers preferences in the Food Service market. This study analyses preferences of Food Service market customers for different types of processed tomato, according to some relevant product attributes and customer's characteristics. Data were collected through a hypothetical discrete choice experiment conducted in Italy and in some foreign markets. Results show that peeled tomatoes are the processed tomato type preferred by Food Service customers (35% of the preferences), followed by chopped pulp (25%) , tomato puree (20%) and tomato concentrate (15%). Econometric results, obtained through the estimation of a Random Parameter Logit model, indicate that customers’ preferences can be influenced by credence attributes of food products. Such kind of product characteristics are frequently used by Food Industry for market differentiation and positioning strategies in the Retail market; nonetheless, evidences from this survey suggest that they may play an important role also in influencing purchase decisions in the Food Service market. The findings of this study might be interesting for further researches on this market channel, using hypothetical and non-hypothetical methods jointly to test the robustness of these preliminary results.
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Kabaya, Kei. "Essays on Spatially Diverse Values of and Preferences in Ecosystem Services." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/242700.
Full textAbstract:
Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第21823号
農博第2336号
新制||農||1067(附属図書館)
学位論文||H31||N5195(農学部図書室)
京都大学大学院農学研究科生物資源経済学専攻
(主査)教授 栗山 浩一, 教授 伊藤 順一, 教授 梅津 千恵子
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Hudack, Lawrence R. (Lawrence Ralph). "An Exploratory Investigation of Socio-Economic Phenomena that May Influence Accounting Differences in Three Diverse Countries." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331531/.
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This dissertation attempts to provide an exploratory structure to respond to, and tries to resolve, an existing void in international accounting research. The void is a lack of coherently structured, nation-specific, descriptive research to investigate socio-economic phenomena which may influence financial accounting. This dissertation's salient features include a political economy theory, an exploratory, sociological method, and a case study format. The political economy of accounting, introduced by Tinker [1980] and refined by Cooper and Sherer [1984], emphasizes a persuasive social relations dimension. This theory motivates selection of three countries (the United States, France, and Japan) that appear to have divergent socio-cultural environments. An exploratory and analytical approach of modified (enlarged) exogenism, developed by Smith [1973, 1976] and adapted to accounting by McKinnon [1986], provides an analytic structure for this exploratory investigation. Modified exogenism focuses upon an open, dynamic social system (the process of financial accounting), and provides analysis reflecting four major areas (the environment, intrusive events, intra-system activity, and trans-system activity). After examining the nation-specific financial accounting (socio-economic) structures for each country, an analysis of selected financial disclosures attempts to gain a better understanding of how socio-economic factors have influenced the development of financial accounting. My primary objective is to attempt to provide some insight about ,how diverse socio-political factors have impacted the development of financial accounting in three countries. Library research of nation-specific literature attempts to extract a relatively accurate picture of social, political, and economic institutions and policies, and relates such findings to financial accounting processes for each nation. This dissertation attempts to provide a necessary foundation for future theoretical international accounting harmonization studies.
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Coppock, Stacey. "Reconfiguring rural service space : bank and building society branch closures and alternative and diverse economic networks." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.664267.
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This thesis draws upon contemporary research in economic geography and the social sciences to examine the reconfiguration of rural service space. In particular, the thesis explores the changing nature of mainstream retail financial service provision in rural England and the associated development, structure and use of alternative and diverse economic networks amongst rural communities and households. The thesis critically examines concepts of financial exclusion, and proposes the adoption ·of a more spatially sensitive approach to examine the variegated connectivity of finance to everyday places, through a financial ecologies approach. The thesis is based upon empirical research collected through statistical analysis and mapping of bank and building society branch closures between 1989-2009; ethnographic research with alternative and diverse economic institutions; semi-structured interviews with policy stakeholders, project coordinators and households; and secondary analysis of policy documents. I adopt a case study approach to examine the processes and impacts of service provision within three rural areas. In particular, the thesis explores three aspects of rural financial service change; in order to understand the spatial outcomes and impacts of processes of money and finance on the local financial landscape and everyday practices of financial engagement. First, the research explores the scale, geography and socio-economic variation of bank and building societies in England, and examines the specific local impacts of these broader institutional changes within three rural districts. Second, the thesis draws upon institutionalist perspectives to examine the development and use of alternative and diverse economic institutions in the context of broader social, political, and cultural factors. Third, the research considers the local impacts of financial service change, and examines the everyday engagement practices of rural households in relation to the financial subjectivities that are called forth and assembled in place. The thesis indicates the importance of space and place in determining and shaping the nature of rural service change, the impacts of which depend on the diverse institutional fabric of an area, and the local attitudes, social norms and economic practices of individuals, households and communities in rural England.
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Brislen, Lilian. "IN THE BUTTERNUT BIG TIME: FOOD HUBS, FARMERS, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNITY AGRO-FOOD ECONOMIES." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/sociology_etds/34.
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Food hubs, a new model of values-based agro-food enterprise, are promoted by their advocates as a means to simultaneously improve the livelihoods of small and mid-sized farmers, increase the social and environmental sustainability of the food system, and supply the ever increasing consumer demand for health, local food. Noting the contradictions embedded in the promise of simultaneously generating both social values and economic value, this study explores how goals of promoting positive social, economic, or environmental change are achieved and/or inhibited when implemented though marketbased activities. Through a series of three in-depth case studies of food hubs in the Southeastern United States, the three papers compiled in this dissertation investigate how food hubs work to realize abstract non-financial goals (e.g. ‘helping family farmers’, ‘promoting sustainable food systems’) through the mundane work of food aggregation and distribution. Particular attention is paid to the experiences of mid-sized farmers who participate in food hubs, and the historic, material, and subjective processes that influence the development of food hubs and their many stakeholders. Highlighting the tensions and negotiations inherent to the hybrid social-and-monetary work of food hubs, I assert the need for an analytical framework that can account for the more-than-financial dimensions of economic and ethical praxis. To that end, I draw on the theories of J.K. Gibson-Graham to suggest that food hubs are best understood as a form of post-capitalist enterprise situated within a community agro-food economy, wherein reciprocal and interdependent relationships are forged between new economic subjects through deliberate and ongoing negotiation of care via the process and outcomes of diverse economic activity.
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Ghisellini, Patrizia <1967>. "Aspetti di sostenibilità in agricoltura a diverse scale spaziali e temporali. Valutazioni ambientali, economiche ed energetiche." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5844/1/Ghisellini_Patrizia_tesi.pdf.
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La Tesi analizza le relazioni tra i processi di sviluppo agricolo e l’uso delle risorse naturali, in particolare di quelle energetiche, a livello internazionale (paesi in via di sviluppo e sviluppati), nazionale (Italia), regionale (Emilia Romagna) e aziendale, con lo scopo di valutare l’eco-efficienza dei processi di sviluppo agricolo, la sua evoluzione nel tempo e le principali dinamiche in relazione anche ai problemi di dipendenza dalle risorse fossili, della sicurezza alimentare, della sostituzione tra superfici agricole dedicate all’alimentazione umana ed animale.
Per i due casi studio a livello macroeconomico è stata adottata la metodologia denominata “SUMMA” SUstainability Multi-method, multi-scale Assessment (Ulgiati et al., 2006), che integra una serie di categorie d’impatto dell’analisi del ciclo di vita, LCA, valutazioni costi-benefici e la prospettiva di analisi globale della contabilità emergetica. L’analisi su larga scala è stata ulteriormente arricchita da un caso studio sulla scala locale, di una fattoria produttrice di latte e di energia elettrica rinnovabile (fotovoltaico e biogas). Lo studio condotto mediante LCA e valutazione contingente ha valutato gli effetti ambientali, economici e sociali di scenari di riduzione della dipendenza dalle fonti fossili.
I casi studio a livello macroeconomico dimostrano che, nonostante le politiche di supporto all’aumento di efficienza e a forme di produzione “verdi”, l’agricoltura a livello globale continua ad evolvere con un aumento della sua dipendenza dalle fonti energetiche fossili. I primi effetti delle politiche agricole comunitarie verso una maggiore sostenibilità sembrano tuttavia intravedersi per i Paesi Europei. Nel complesso la energy footprint si mantiene alta poiché la meccanizzazione continua dei processi agricoli deve necessariamente attingere da fonti energetiche sostitutive al lavoro umano. Le terre agricole diminuiscono nei paesi europei analizzati e in Italia aumentando i rischi d’insicurezza alimentare giacché la popolazione nazionale sta invece aumentando.The thesis analyses the relationships between agricultural development processes and the use of natural resources, in particular energetic resources, at international (developing and developed countries), national (Italy), regional (Emilia Romagna) and farm scales with the aim of evaluating the Eco-efficiency of agricultural development processes, their evolution over time and the main dynamics also in relation to the problems of fossil fuel dependency, food security, substitution processes between agricultural lands devoted to human and animal food production. For the different case studies at macroeconomic level the methodology “SUMMA”, Sustainability Multi-method Multi-scale Assessment (Ulgiati et al., 2006) has been adopted. The SUMMA methodology integrates a selection of LCA impact categories, cost-benefit evaluation methods and the global footprint view provided by the Emergy Synthesis. The large scale analysis has been enriched by a case study at the local scale of a dairy farm which produces milk and energy services from renewable sources (solar photovoltaic and biogas). The study carried out with the Life Cycle Assessment Methodology, LCA and Contingent Evaluation assessed the environmental, economic and social effects of the reduction of fossil fuel dependency scenarios. The two case studies at macroeconomic level showed that agriculture at global level is highly dependent from fossil fuel sources even if the presence of policies promoting the increase of efficiency in the use of resources and greening production models. The first modest effects of agricultural European policies seems however visible for European countries. In general the energy footprint is high as the continuous mechanization of agricultural processes replaces energy with human labor. The agricultural lands of European countries (including Italy) reduced in the period investigated increasing the risks of food insecurity for the growing residential population.
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Ghisellini, Patrizia <1967>. "Aspetti di sostenibilità in agricoltura a diverse scale spaziali e temporali. Valutazioni ambientali, economiche ed energetiche." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5844/.
Full textAbstract:
La Tesi analizza le relazioni tra i processi di sviluppo agricolo e l’uso delle risorse naturali, in particolare di quelle energetiche, a livello internazionale (paesi in via di sviluppo e sviluppati), nazionale (Italia), regionale (Emilia Romagna) e aziendale, con lo scopo di valutare l’eco-efficienza dei processi di sviluppo agricolo, la sua evoluzione nel tempo e le principali dinamiche in relazione anche ai problemi di dipendenza dalle risorse fossili, della sicurezza alimentare, della sostituzione tra superfici agricole dedicate all’alimentazione umana ed animale.
Per i due casi studio a livello macroeconomico è stata adottata la metodologia denominata “SUMMA” SUstainability Multi-method, multi-scale Assessment (Ulgiati et al., 2006), che integra una serie di categorie d’impatto dell’analisi del ciclo di vita, LCA, valutazioni costi-benefici e la prospettiva di analisi globale della contabilità emergetica. L’analisi su larga scala è stata ulteriormente arricchita da un caso studio sulla scala locale, di una fattoria produttrice di latte e di energia elettrica rinnovabile (fotovoltaico e biogas). Lo studio condotto mediante LCA e valutazione contingente ha valutato gli effetti ambientali, economici e sociali di scenari di riduzione della dipendenza dalle fonti fossili.
I casi studio a livello macroeconomico dimostrano che, nonostante le politiche di supporto all’aumento di efficienza e a forme di produzione “verdi”, l’agricoltura a livello globale continua ad evolvere con un aumento della sua dipendenza dalle fonti energetiche fossili. I primi effetti delle politiche agricole comunitarie verso una maggiore sostenibilità sembrano tuttavia intravedersi per i Paesi Europei. Nel complesso la energy footprint si mantiene alta poiché la meccanizzazione continua dei processi agricoli deve necessariamente attingere da fonti energetiche sostitutive al lavoro umano. Le terre agricole diminuiscono nei paesi europei analizzati e in Italia aumentando i rischi d’insicurezza alimentare giacché la popolazione nazionale sta invece aumentando.The thesis analyses the relationships between agricultural development processes and the use of natural resources, in particular energetic resources, at international (developing and developed countries), national (Italy), regional (Emilia Romagna) and farm scales with the aim of evaluating the Eco-efficiency of agricultural development processes, their evolution over time and the main dynamics also in relation to the problems of fossil fuel dependency, food security, substitution processes between agricultural lands devoted to human and animal food production. For the different case studies at macroeconomic level the methodology “SUMMA”, Sustainability Multi-method Multi-scale Assessment (Ulgiati et al., 2006) has been adopted. The SUMMA methodology integrates a selection of LCA impact categories, cost-benefit evaluation methods and the global footprint view provided by the Emergy Synthesis. The large scale analysis has been enriched by a case study at the local scale of a dairy farm which produces milk and energy services from renewable sources (solar photovoltaic and biogas). The study carried out with the Life Cycle Assessment Methodology, LCA and Contingent Evaluation assessed the environmental, economic and social effects of the reduction of fossil fuel dependency scenarios. The two case studies at macroeconomic level showed that agriculture at global level is highly dependent from fossil fuel sources even if the presence of policies promoting the increase of efficiency in the use of resources and greening production models. The first modest effects of agricultural European policies seems however visible for European countries. In general the energy footprint is high as the continuous mechanization of agricultural processes replaces energy with human labor. The agricultural lands of European countries (including Italy) reduced in the period investigated increasing the risks of food insecurity for the growing residential population.
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Harvey, Ross. "Two petro-states diverge: explaining the institutional evolution of Nigeria and Angola." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31243.
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It is well-established that oil wealth in weakly institutionalised states tends to undermine development instead of catalysing it. Cross-country regressions, however, struggle to explain why comparably oil-wealthy countries such as Nigeria and Angola experience different political and economic outcomes over time. This thesis explains these differing outcomes through a theoretical lens derived from the New Institutional Economics and Political Settlements literature. Methodologically, it employs analytic narrative - the application of a game theoretic model to a historical puzzle to produce a thin explanation - and treats economic transactions as the key unit of analysis for understanding why particular outcomes obtain and not others. As a comparable site of analysis, I select the oil-for-infrastructure deals that were negotiated in Angola and Nigeria with Asian National Oil Companies between 2004 and 2007. Contrary to expectation, the deals were struck in Angola but failed in Nigeria. I hypothesise that the differential outcome reflects the varying quality of the institutional arrangements in each country for engaging foreign investors. This differential institutional quality resulted in differing commitment credibility over time, which partly accounts for deal failure in Nigeria. Divergent political economy trajectories and political settlements account for these differences. I use a game theory model that explains heterogeneity within authoritarian regimes to test these hypotheses. Application of the model to Angola and Nigeria respectively shows that Angolan dictator, José Eduardo dos Santos, was able to consolidate power within six years of becoming the head of state by successfully eliminating potential threats to his dictatorial ambitions. Under this closed, stable regime, foreign investors perceived greater levels of commitment credibility and struck deals. Nigeria’s uneven institutional evolution towards greater openness was punctuated by multiple successful coups and occasional civilian rule between long periods of military autocracy. The resultant instability undermined the perception of credibility, explaining why the deals failed. The thesis closes with a description of how Nigeria and Angola’s political economies have evolved since the oil-price crash of 2014, including how dos Santos unexpectedly lost power, and poses questions for future research.
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Mulenga, Christopher, and Emmanuel Mukuka. "Improving the awareness in Finland of Zambia's diverse tourism attractions." Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Business Administration and Economics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-188.
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Tourism is one of Zambia’s undeveloped economic sectors, which if developed and marketed globally would provide employment, foreign exchange and international recognition. The purpose of this study was to find out how Zambia National Tourist Board could improve the awareness in Finland of Zambia's diverse tourism attractions and how Zambia is positioned in Finland as a tourist destination in Southern Africa. Primary data was collected by using long face to face interviews with members of the Association of Finnish Travel Agents, selected members from societies and clubs promoting adventure activities, staff at Zambia National Tourist Board and other tourism experts. Secondary data was derived from archival records. The data was analysed using inductive reasoning approach. The results of this study show that the image of Zambia in Finland is not strong and recognisable, there is a strong perception of poor safety for tourists, that Zambia is an expensive destination owing to the lack of direct flight connections, there is lack of promotional materials in local language, there is inadequate information on what Zambia as a tourist destination has to offer and that the positioning strategies adopted by Zambia National Tourist Board are ambiguous and are not structured. Consequently the recommendations are to set up a strategy to make available as much promotional materials. Furthermore, ZNTB must continue to position Zambia as an adventure tourist destination were one can enjoy exceptional wildlife and adventure. The Victoria Falls should be used as a unique feature around which an image can be developed.
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Ahmad, Tusawar Iftikhar. "The role of rural women in livestock management : socio-economic evidences from diverse geographical locations of Punjab (Pakistan)." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00933784.
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In rural Punjab of Pakistan, women from small farm families have a huge role to play in realizing the potential that the country has in livestock sector to flourish. The study presents the current socio-economic condition of women livestock raisers, the extent and nature of their participation in livestock management activities, the impact of women's participation on their families' welfare, and the factors affecting their participation in livestock management activities. The type and size of the family, respondent's age, distant location of the village from the city, and the overall developmental status of the district had their impact on different aspects of rural women's status. At each of the three geographical levels, women respondent's participation level in livestock management activities was multiple of that of their husbands' level. Cultural norms, gendered division of labor, availability of family labor, and the physical condition of the participant were found more operative in determining the nature and level of participation of the family labor in livestock management activities. Participation of the family labor, various aspects of women's status, livestock related factors, and economic factors were the main causes identified as the factors affecting women's participation in livestock management activities. Improving women's role in livestock management and production is essential in improving overall family's health, education, income, and food security. The results signify the need for geographical targeting and the importance of using a gendered approach in the agricultural development programs.
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Mykerezi, Elton. "Education and Socio-Economic Wellbeing in Racially Diverse Rural Counties: The Contribution of Historically Black Colleges and Universities." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9707.
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This thesis examines trends in the socio-economic well-being in rural counties where Blacks represent one-third or more of the population. In addition, this thesis also examines the impact that college education has on the economic development of these counties, with particular focus on the role of Historically Black Colleges and Universities. The thesis is composed of two papers: "Education and Socioeconomic Wellbeing in Racially Diverse Rural Counties", and "Economic Growth in Racially Diverse Rural Counties: The Contribution of Historically Black Colleges and Universities."
The first of the two papers provides a descriptive review of the racially diverse rural counties (RDRCs) which are located exclusively in the rural south and generally have very low levels of economic well-being. On a positive note, college education levels in RDRCs are found to have increased rapidly between 1990 and 2000. County-level, regression analysis suggests that these increases were in part due to the concentration of Historically Black Colleges and Universities in the region. Local investments in K__12 education are also found to be linked to county education levels.
The second paper uses county subdivision level regression analysis, and finds that proximity to HBCUs influences college education amongst Blacks in RDRCs positively. Further county subdivision-level regression analysis suggests that the rate of college education attainment in these counties amongst Blacks and the general population has a significant positive impact upon income growth in RDRCs.Master of Science
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Cabrita, Sofia Alexandra Santos. "Os faits divers no jornalismo económico: do bom senso à realidade das notícias." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9056.
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Relatório de Estágio apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à
obtenção do grau de Mestre em JornalismoO jornalismo económico, como área de especialização que é, carece, à partida, de grande rigor e seriedade. No entanto, perguntemo-nos, e o entretenimento característico da maioria das publicações? Será que a economia tem espaço para os faits divers? E como devem ser esses “factos diversos”? Foi esta a questão a que tentámos responder ao longo do presente relatório, partindo de exemplos de notícias de entretenimento redigidas no decorrer do estágio de quatro meses realizado na Agência Financeira, TVI.
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Di, Tommaso Emanuele. "Riciclo delle materie plastiche: analisi delle diverse metodologie e relative criticità." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
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Il riciclo della plastica è una soluzione adottata già da decenni che esprime a pieno il concetto di economia circolare: si riutilizza la plastica come materia prima seconda, in modo da evitare lo spreco di risorse per produrre materiale vergine. In questa tesi si vuole analizzare a fondo il di riciclo dei materiali polimerici, evidenziandone le criticità che lo rendono un processo di riciclo “difficile” se messo a confronto con quello di altri tipi di materiali. Con la terminologia riciclo della plastica si sottintendono in realtà più varianti di lavorazioni dei polimeri, di cui quello più affermato ed utilizzato nella quasi totalità dei casi è il meccanico. Nonostante da anni il riciclo meccanico sia il metodo prediletto per riprocessare la plastica a fine vita, vi sono alcuni ostacoli che possono rendere la lavorazione inefficiente. La selezione dei materiali e i suoi costi, il lavaggio e le complicazioni dovute a materiali organici presenti nei flussi, la cernita per colore e le difficoltà ad essa legate e la degradazione del materiale ne rappresentano alcuni. Alcune pratiche costose di pre-processamento possono essere evitate, invece, da una tecnica che si sta sviluppando recentemente: il riciclo chimico. Quest’ultimo consiste in una depolimerizzazione dei materiali per ottenere i monomeri di partenza che lo costituiscono, che hanno la stessa valenza di monomeri di materiale vergine. Il fattore dell’alta qualità dell’output, assieme alla tolleranza di materiali organici presenti nei rifiuti, sono delle caratteristiche che lasciano ben sperare in evoluzioni future di questa tecnica. I costi, la complessità delle reazioni e il fatto che siano difficili da realizzare in larga scala, ne ostacolano, per ora, l’impiego, ma resta comunque un’eccellente soluzione complementare al riciclo meccanico.
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Law, Justine. "Sustainable and Equitable Energy? The Diverse Economies of Wood Energy in Central Vermont and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1405429080.
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Benninger, Nadine <1992>. "Cultural differences within the product categorization process – Comparing the diverse perception of lingerie among Germans, Chinese and Indians." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/11952.
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Due to the increasing importance of emerging markets, a better understanding for the local population and the way they perceive themselves and the world becomes crucial. For this reason, the present master thesis investigates the different thinking patterns of Germans, Chinese and Indians especially in field of product categorization. As an exemplary product, lingerie was used and data was collected based on an online survey. Participants were asked to respond to a set of questions investigating their categorization process. Additional information regarding their personal perception of lingerie and of the female body have also been gathered. These aspects were used as an indicator for the cultural perception of lingerie. In total, data of 307 students, 178 females and 129 males, from all three countries has been collected. The findings emphasize that all three nationalities tend to combine the same objects if they must choose two out of three. Still, when asking the participants about the reason for their grouping decision, answers differ among the three cultural groups. These results indicate diverse thinking patterns. An even stronger dissimilarity has been observed in the perception and the preference of a specific female body shape. As Germans and Chinese favor a thin silhouette, Indians prefer curvier shapes. Results from personal questions suggest that traditional and patriarchal values still strongly influence the thinking patterns of the Indian society, especially of men. Consequently, Indians are still far from the Western view. This is not the case for the Chinese population, as results show a greater similarity of opinion to Germans. Their behavior in this survey has mainly confirmed aspects from literature. As some theoretical approaches illustrate a more diverse picture of the three cultures, the made observations as well as directions and actions for future research are discussed.
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Martell, Sandra Toro. "The good field trip : how elementary students from diverse socio-economic backgrouds learn science, art, and technology at a museum /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7832.
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Remy, María Isabel. "Hacia dentro y hacia fuera: integración con signos diversos." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2005. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/47184.
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Mello, Hugo Santana de. "Export diversification determinants : where do Brazil, Chile and Mexico diverge?" Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19072.
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Mestrado em Economia Internacional e Estudos EuropeusEsta dissertação identifica e compara os determinantes da diversificação dos produtos exportados pelo Brasil, Chile e México, já que suas margens intensivas têm evoluído diferentemente. Análise de dados através de séries temporais do modelo dos mínimos quadrados ordinários (MQO) do período de 1990 até os anos atuais nos permite inferir quais as variáveis mais relevantes. Os resultados sugerem que o determinante mais importante para atingir a diversificação das exportações é a mudança produtiva, de commodities para produtos manufaturados. A análise empírica também indica que variáveis como a taxa de câmbio, qualidade das instituições, crédito, e distância dos principais parceiros têm impactos relevantes na diversificação. Curiosamente, liberalização do comércio, significativa para os três países, favoreceu a especialização para os casos do Brasil e Chile, e diversificação no caso do México, presumidamente pelo seu acesso ao mercado Norte Americano e processo de produção de baixo custo através das maquiladoras.
This dissertation aims to identify and compare the determinants of products exports from Brazil, Chile and Mexico, seeing that their intensive margin exports have evolved differently. Data analysis and time series ordinary least square (OLS) models from 1990 up to the present allow us to infer which variables explain the greater picture. The results suggest that the most relevant determinant to achieve a diversified export basket is the shift on the production from commodities and primary goods to manufacturing. The empirical analysis also indicates that variables such as exchange rate, institution quality, credit, and remoteness play relevant roles on diversification. Curiously, trade liberalization, while relevant to the three countries, favoured specialization in the Brazilian and Chilean cases, and diversification in the Mexican case, presumably due to its access to the North American market and the maquiladoras' cheap production process.
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Ortoman, Camilla <1990>. "Fair value o cost model? un'analisi comparativa tra diversi paesi volta ad indagare le determinanti della fair value choice." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/5347.
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L'elaborato ha l'obiettivo di indagare le diverse scelte contabili adottate da aziende quotate dislocate in cinque diversi paesi ma sottostanti tutte alle disposizioni dei principi contabili internazionali. a tal proposito attraverso un metodo di campionamento casuale è stato selezionato un campione di aziende che sono state successivamente suddivise in due gruppi a seconda del paese di appartenenza: Europeo continentali se locate in Italia, Francia o Germania e Anglosassoni se situate in Inghilterra o Australia. Sono state in seguito analizzate le disposizioni nazionali in merito al trattamento contabile di 5 voci di bilancio: property, plants and equipment; land and buildings; investment property; intangible asset e fair value option e sono state comparate con quanto disposto in materia dagli IAS/IFRS. In particolare l'obiettivo della tesi è stato quello di analizzare quali siano le ragioni che guidano le scelte contabili e di testare se le prassi contabili nazionali abbiano o meno un'influenza su tali scelte.
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Lathouras, Maria. "Evaluating a classroom-based oral language and early literacy intervention for students in their first year of school from diverse backgrounds." Thesis, Griffith University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/389544.
Full textAbstract:
Literacy is a basic human right, essential for participation in education and employment (The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948). The ultimate aim of reading is comprehension. This requires the decoding of print, as well as understanding the message the print conveys. Literacy learning begins early in life. Children need proficiency in oral language and early literacy skills prior to and during the early years of schooling to ensure successful reading acquisition and development. Accordingly, all children require support in their oral language and early literacy development, prior to and during their first year of schooling. This support is essential for the formation of a solid foundation for future academic and career success.
Despite the importance of reading, international studies examining the reading achievement of children provide evidence that many fail to develop the skills they require to become skilled readers. Recent studies report that between 16% and 20% of
Australian students have difficulties learning to read (Thomson, Hillman, Schmid, Rodrigues, & Fullarton, 2017; Westwood, 2001). Furthermore, in Australia, many students come from communities of significant diversity because of factors such as socio-economic differences, cultural differences, and linguistic backgrounds.
Due to the high prevalence of reading difficulties in diverse populations and their long-term impacts on society, independent reviews, government initiatives, and political agendas have been put in place in an attempt to address these difficulties. Improving the reading skills of diverse populations requires a sophisticated approach that takes into account that measuring and conceptualising disadvantage must consider a student’s development within their social and physical environments, as well as the impact of individual, family, and community factors.
International research has provided evidence to support positive improvements for at-risk students through school-based reading interventions centred within Response to Intervention (RtI) frameworks. RtI is a framework used by schools to provide intervention to students through a tiered system of progressively intensive support. Clinicians and educators in Australian settings rely on international research that neither mirrors the service delivery models nor the cultural and linguistic diversity of the local setting. Therefore, the established school-based principles of intervention from overseas research, including the targets, dosage, intensity, and assessments require further longitudinal investigation in an Australian setting.
In an attempt to address this issue, the effectiveness of a classroom-based oral language and early literacy intervention, PrepSTART, developed by speech-language pathologists (SLP) and implemented by teachers and teacher aides in the first formal year of schooling (known as ‘prep’ in some parts of Australia). The studies in this thesis include an examination of appropriate measurement; evaluation of PrepSTART, and long-term follow up for students from diverse cultural, linguistic, and socioeconomic
backgrounds involved in the evaluation.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School Allied Health Sciences
Griffith Health
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MAGNO, Francesca (ORCID:0000-0002-5607-6309). "Gli effetti delle crisi di prodotto sulla relazione impresa-mercato: uno studio delle reazioni dei consumatori a diverse modalità di gestione dei product recall." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/516.
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Beeks, Jay Cooper. "Which of the current diverse ideas on alternative economics are the best for adequately and comprehensively addressing the great transition to climate, energy, and biodiversity sustainability?" Thesis, California Institute of Integral Studies, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10117908.
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My dissertation addresses the need for an alternative system to capitalism, our mainstream system of economics, to support the necessities of a world facing countless ecological systems collapses, global climate change, and social inequity exacerbated by wealth disparity. Alternative economics is defined here as current economic or socioeconomic practices and theories that may redress the flaws in the current dominant global economic system, which is mainstream capitalism.
The approach to this research is theoretical; that is, I analyze the current literature in the relevant areas of economics and related literature in the social sciences, philosophy, political economics, and environmental studies. I then attempt to generate new knowledge through the analysis, critique, extension, and integration of existing theories and by drawing on existing empirical research. This research is also transdisciplinary, an approach that transcends conventional disciplinary regimes and boundaries. The aim of this study is to ascertain the best alternatives to our current system of capitalism by examining the arguments for and against alternative economic or socioeconomic systems.
The scope may embrace the complex and transdisciplinary, but it attempts to focus as narrowly as possible on the most promising ideas today concerning the imminent need for changing economics in the face of our global socio-environmental crises as being considered of high importance. The definitive goal of this research is to examine the most recent literature on these alternatives, and, based on this research, to identify which alternatives most suitably address the needs of our ecological systems, the needs of society, and the issue of global climate change.
Keywords: alternative economics, heterodox economics, sustainability, compassionate economics, wealth disparity, ecosocialism economics, steady-state economics, climate change, transdisciplinary.
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Monti, Enrico <1982>. "Le strategie di internazionalizzazione delle imprese distrettuali: un'analisi comparata di tre diversi sistemi locali di produzione in Emilia Romagna." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3586/1/Monti_Enrico_Tesi.pdf.
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Since the Nineties, the process of globalization has caused a sharp increase in the real and financial integration of the worldwide economy, reducing the obstacles to international trade and minimizing the cost of transaction. The entrance of foreign firms in the domestic market has deeply modified the competitive situation of Italian enterprises, which have been forced to change their strategies in order to cope with those of the new competitors. In this scenario, internationalization is no longer one of the different strategic options available for the firm, but it becomes a forced choice to maintain or acquire a competitive advantage sustainable over time.
Internationalization strategies of SMEs, however, are hindered by the shortage of financial resources and entrepreneurial skills, therefore this kind of firms tends toward light forms of foreign expansion, like export and subcontracting. Despite this, many studies have demonstrated that the district localisation increases the firms’ productivity and innovative capacity, so their competiveness both at a domestic and international level. The majority of these empirical contributions has focused mainly on the analysis of commercial flows, confirming that district enterprises reach a superior international performance compared to their external competitors. On the contrary, only few works have tried to evaluate the existence of a district effect on the firms’ ability to invest abroad, but the obtained results are not straightforward. One of the reason of these conclusions is that the phenomena has been analysed without taking into account the differences existing between districts in terms of enterprises’ dimension, diffusion of industrial groups and, above all, the sector of productive specialization, because the technological content of production could improve the innovativeness of district firms, allowing them to adopt advanced forms of internationalisation as foreign direct investments (FDI).
The aim of the thesis is to further investigate the district effect on internationalisation, trough an econometric analysis of the international strategies carried out by firms localised in three different local system of production characterised by different technological specialization.
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Monti, Enrico <1982>. "Le strategie di internazionalizzazione delle imprese distrettuali: un'analisi comparata di tre diversi sistemi locali di produzione in Emilia Romagna." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3586/.
Full textAbstract:
Since the Nineties, the process of globalization has caused a sharp increase in the real and financial integration of the worldwide economy, reducing the obstacles to international trade and minimizing the cost of transaction. The entrance of foreign firms in the domestic market has deeply modified the competitive situation of Italian enterprises, which have been forced to change their strategies in order to cope with those of the new competitors. In this scenario, internationalization is no longer one of the different strategic options available for the firm, but it becomes a forced choice to maintain or acquire a competitive advantage sustainable over time.
Internationalization strategies of SMEs, however, are hindered by the shortage of financial resources and entrepreneurial skills, therefore this kind of firms tends toward light forms of foreign expansion, like export and subcontracting. Despite this, many studies have demonstrated that the district localisation increases the firms’ productivity and innovative capacity, so their competiveness both at a domestic and international level. The majority of these empirical contributions has focused mainly on the analysis of commercial flows, confirming that district enterprises reach a superior international performance compared to their external competitors. On the contrary, only few works have tried to evaluate the existence of a district effect on the firms’ ability to invest abroad, but the obtained results are not straightforward. One of the reason of these conclusions is that the phenomena has been analysed without taking into account the differences existing between districts in terms of enterprises’ dimension, diffusion of industrial groups and, above all, the sector of productive specialization, because the technological content of production could improve the innovativeness of district firms, allowing them to adopt advanced forms of internationalisation as foreign direct investments (FDI).
The aim of the thesis is to further investigate the district effect on internationalisation, trough an econometric analysis of the international strategies carried out by firms localised in three different local system of production characterised by different technological specialization.
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Engle, Kathryn. "GROWING ECONOMIC POSSIBILITY IN APPALACHIA: STORIES OF RELOCALIZATION AND REPRESENTATION ON STINKING CREEK." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/sociology_etds/39.
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This project explores the agricultural heritage and current social landscape of the Stinking Creek community of Knox County, Kentucky, and the legacy of the local nonprofit organization the Lend-A-Hand Center. Through participatory research, this project presents a reflexive account of the Lend-A-Hand Center Grow Appalachia Gardening Program examining the diverse economy of the Stinking Creek watershed and possibilities for new economic imaginings and post-coal futures for central Appalachia. This dissertation includes an oral history project, a theoretical examination, and an ethnographic reflection, bridging several literatures in the fields of agricultural history, Appalachian Studies, Participatory Action Research, research within the diverse economy framework, and feminist political ecology. For three years I coordinated the Grow Appalachia program through the Lend-A-Hand Center, developing agricultural initiatives in Knox County, working to re-localize food systems through home gardens, community gardens, and the establishment of the Knox County Farmers’ Market, and gathering stories through oral histories on the Creek. Problematizing the 1967 book Stinking Creek, by John Fetterman, this account of the community seeks to call attention to the importance of critical analyses of representations of people, processes, and places. In the face of pressing social issues in central Appalachia and renewed interest in the discourses of development, local food, and post-coal transition, this work seeks to intervene in region-wide discussions and suggest avenues for change and possibility. The Lend-A-Hand Center Grow Appalachia Gardening Program illustrates the potentials for community-based agriculture projects in the region to promote a variety of economic processes, foster and preserve agricultural traditions, and impact the conversation about outlooks for the region. This research provides policy and programmatic suggestions regarding the importance of relocalization of food systems and different (re)presentations of community narratives as part of a multifaceted agenda toward a just, sustainable future for eastern Kentucky and the region.
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Moraes, Ricardo José Nunes Pereira. "Curva de Phillips no Brasil : uma avaliação das diversas medidas do custo marginal." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2012. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/11821.
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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Economia, Administração, Contabilidade e Ciência da Informação, Departamento de Economia, 2012.Submitted by Albânia Cézar de Melo (albania@bce.unb.br) on 2012-12-13T14:00:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_RicardoJoseNunesPereiraMoraes.pdf: 970459 bytes, checksum: f719cddea87032fb3192a8cbfb6a562b (MD5)
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Este trabalho avalia o ajuste e a capacidade de predição de três modelos derivados da Curva de Phillips Neo Keynesiana à dinâmica da inflação brasileira no período 2000-2011. Os modelos foram regredidos utilizando o método de mínimos quadrados ordinários e testando-se diversas series econômicas com a finalidade de estimar os custos marginais das firmas. A qualidade do ajuste foi avaliada através do 2coeficiente de determinação, R, das regressões e a capacidade de predição através da raiz quadrada do erro quadrático médio das previsões fora da amostra. Os resultados mostram que o modelo de Gali & Gerter em conjunto com a variação percentual da taxa de desemprego como aproximação do custo marginal das firmas é o que melhor representa os dados da inflação brasileira no período. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
This study evaluates the fit and predictive power of three models derived from New Keynesian Phillips curve for Brazilian inflation dynamics in the period 2000-2011. The models were regressed using the method of ordinary least squares and by testing several economic series for the purpose of estimating the marginal costs of firms. 2The goodness of fit was assessed using the coefficient of determination, R, regression and prediction capacity through the square root of the mean squared error of out of sample forecasts. The results show that the model of Gali & Gerter together with the percentage change in the unemployment rate as an approximation of the marginal cost of firms is the one that best represents the data of Brazilian inflation in the period.
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Akinyode, Olufunmi Abimbola. "The impact of the 2008 economic recession on three residential property type investments: a case study of five diverse zip codes in Washington DC, USA." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/13332.
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There has been 47 recessions in the United States of America (US) since 1790. US recessions have increasingly affected economies of other countries in the world as nations become more and more interdependent on each other. The worst economic recession so far was the 'Great Depression' – an economic recession that was caused by the 1929 crash of the stock market in the US. The 2008 economic recession in the US was a result of the burst of the 'housing bubble' created by predatory lending. The economic recession resulted in increased unemployment (according to NBER 8.7 million jobs were lost from Feb. 2008 to Feb. 2010); decrease in GDP by 5.1%; increase in poverty level from 12.1% (2007) to 16.0% (2008) (NBER) This dissertation is an attempt to research the impact of the 2008 economic recession on different types of residential investments: a case study of five (5) diverse neighborhoods/zip codes in Washington DC, USA The main findings were that the effect of the 2008 economic depression on the different types of residential properties was dependent on the location of the property and the demographics/socio-economic factors associated with that location.
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Sagazio, Stefano. "Analisi comparativa delle perdite economiche attese relative ad un edificio esistente in CA con diversi interventi di rinforzo sismico." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/24707/.
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La presente tesi, in particolare, sfrutta un metodo di analisi semplificato di “loss
assessment” o analisi delle perdite economiche, considerando un edificio esistente in CA.
L’edificio caso di studio è un tipico edificio intelaiato in CA sito sull’appennino, e progettato e
costruito negli anni ’70, dunque, senza tenere conto dell’azione orizzontale del sisma, per cui
non presenta i dettagli costruttivi atti a soddisfare i requisiti minimi di duttilità. È stata effettuata una analisi statica non lineare (Pushover), per studiare la risposta
della struttura esistente alle azioni orizzontali. Al fine di migliorare il confinamento delle colonne in CA, è stato scelto di utilizzare
dei rinforzi locali, tipicamente utilizzati in Italia nella pratica progettuale, atti a migliorare le
caratteristiche di duttilità e/o resistenza degli elementi rinforzati, e di conseguenza capaci di
migliorare le caratteristiche globali dell’intero sistema strutturale. Sono state selezionate tre diverse tecnologie: le “Fiber Reinforced Polymers” (FRP), il
“Concrete Jacketing” (CJ) e il sistema di Cerchiature Attive dei Manufatti (CAM). Nella
presente tesi verranno presentate diverse applicazioni di questi sistemi, enunciandone i
miglioramenti rispetto al caso “As-built” e poi confrontandole tra di loro in modo da fornire
elementi validi a supporto della fase decisionale per la progettazione dell’intervento
sull’edificio. Infine vengono valutate le perdite economiche medie annue attese, insieme ad altri
parametri sintetici di analisi delle perdite e di analisi costi-benefici. Il fine di
questo processo è di studiare quanto uno specifico intervento di miglioramento sismico,
applicato all’edificio As-built, consenta di ridurre le perdite economiche sismiche stimate in un
anno di vita della struttura, e poi nel corso della sua vita utile, per fornire un elemento di paragone utile per la scelta dell’intervento ottimale.
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Modonut, Martina. "Effetti dei diversi trattamenti post-raccolta sull'espresione di geni nelle drupe di caffè (coffea arabica)." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/3503.
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2008/2009L'aroma di una tazza di caffè appena preparata è l'espressione finale di una lunga catena di trasformazioni che partano dal chicco verde alla bevanda fumante. I semi di caffè contengono tutti i precursori necessari per generare l'aroma durante la fase di tostatura, ma nel determinare un prodotto di qualità concorrono diversi fattori: la genetica, la chimica, l'ambiente e l'uomo. Questo lavoro di ricerca si divide essenzialmente in due parti. In una prima fase è stato possibile aggiornare il database locale con informazioni genetiche riguardanti il trascrittoma delle drupe in via di maturazione di Coffea arabica. La seconda fase, mediante l'utilizzo della tecnica della real time PCR, ha permesso lo studio del profilo di espressione genica dei semi di caffè verde trattati con diversi metodi post-raccolta e con diverse percentuali di acqua. La raccolta di cDNA di drupe in via di sviluppo è stata processata attraverso l'utilizzo di 2 diverse tecniche di sequenziamento, il metodo a terminazione di catena (Sanger) e l'innovativo pirosequenziamento (454 Sequencing) ed è stato possibile aggiornare il database locale (www.coffeedna.net). In totale sono state ottenute 148.777 sequenze sotto forma di Expressed Sequence Tag's (EST). Queste sono state processate eliminando sequenze a bassa qualità, sequenze altamente ripetute e togliendo eventuali adattatori. Successivamente sono state sottoposte ad assemblaggio ibrido, metodica che permette di utilizzare i dati derivanti da tecniche di sequenziamento diverse (454 Sequencing e Sanger) per ottenere delle lunghe sequenze contigue (contig) rappresentanti di potenziali geni. Successivamente è stata fatta l'annotazione genomica per l'idetificazione dei geni e di altri elementi funzionali. In totale è stato possibile annotare 5.774 contig (sui 22.383 iniziali), pari al 25,66% di identificazioni. Nella seconda fase del progetto di ricerca, l’obiettivo è stato volto alla caratterizzazione di alcuni processi biologici mediante un’attenta valutazione quantitativa dell’espressione genica con real time PCR. Si tratta di una tecnologia sensibile e specifica che consente la contemporanea valutazione di un certo numero di marcatori utilizzando una limitata quantità di campione. Questa metodica consente di avere un dato di espressione relativa di un gene bersaglio che viene quantizzato normalizzando contro qualcosa di costitutivo, i geni di riferimento (o reference genes). Questi sono trascritti il cui livello di espressione è costante attraverso tutti i campioni e nelle varie condizioni di reazione. Per questo lavoro sono stati identificati 2 specifici reference genes (GAPDH e Rpl 7) di Coffea arabica. Dalle informazioni dei database pubblici e del nostro database locale è stato invece possibile selezionare e disegnare 16 coppie di primer, specifici per C. arabica, da studiare nell'analisi di espressione dei geni in determinati campioni. Un profilo di espressione genica viene definito come l’insieme dei geni attivati in un tessuto in un particolare momento o condizione. È possibile misurare le differenzetra tessuti diversamente trattati, analizzandone semplicemente il profilo dei geni espressi attraverso la tecnica della real time PCR. Per questo lavoro di tesi sono stati selezionati 16 geni d'interesse sia metabolico che biochimico, coinvolti in diverse attività cellulari di regolazione dei livelli di alcuni composti, quali lipidi, carboidrati, caffeina e acidi clorogenici, associati a caratteristiche qualitative della bevanda. I geni selezionati sono stati studiati in diversi campioni e in diverse situazioni. Innanzitutto sono state studiate le relazioni tra l'espressione relativa dei geni in campioni che si differenziano per il luogo di crescita e per i trattamenti post-raccolta. Avendo a disposizione semi di caffè verde di origine brasiliana coltivati in 2 località e trattati con 3 diversi trattamenti postraccolta (metodo naturale, lavato e semilavato) è stato possibile evidenziare come in alcuni casi le località siano discriminanti sull'espressione genica, mentre altre volte siano i trattamenti post-raccolta ad essere significativi della variabilità nell'espressione genica. In un secondo momento gli stessi geni sono stati analizzati in campioni con diverse concentrazioni di acqua nel seme verde. È ben noto dalla normativa internazionale di standardizzazione ISO 1446:2001 che il contenuto di acqua del seme deve corrispondere ad un valore pari al'11±1% per consentire un adeguato stoccaggio e trasporto dei campioni senza incorrere in difetti quali la fermentazione o la rottura dei chicchi. Dalle analisi real time è stato possibile individuare come in alcuni casi le percentuali di acqua incidano in modo significativo sull'espressione di alcuni geni: dopo un picco di attività nei campioni con il 14,1% di acqua residua, al diminuire della concentrazione di acqua residua diminuisce l'espressione di alcuni geni, probabilmente in seguito ad una degradazione del delicato messaggero. Questi dati sono molto importanti dal punto di vista qualitativo perché potrebbero consentire alcune migliorie nella qualità finale del prodotto. È doveroso ricordare che nella definizione dell'aroma ci sono più di 800 singoli composti che combinandosi tra loro danno origine alle qualità percettive della bevanda ed inoltre la componente personale ha un impatto importante sulla definizione di miglior o peggior aroma.
XXII Ciclo
1978
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Rautenberg, Roberto Rivelino 1979, Valmor Schiochet, and Universidade Regional de Blumenau Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional. "A relação da economia solidária com os mercados como os diversos mercados podem influenciar na prática da autogestão /." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações FURB, 2016. http://www.bc.furb.br/docs/DS/2016/362356_1_1.pdf.
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Orientador: Valmor Schiochet.Dissertação (Mestrado em Desenvolvimento Regional) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional, Centro de Ciências Humanas e da Comunicação, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Blumenau.
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Concei??o, C?sar Stallbaum. "Diverg?ncia e converg?ncia nas ondas longas : uma perspectiva te?rica evolucion?ria." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2007. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/3995.
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Previous issue date: 2007-10-30Esta disserta??o emprega a concep??o evolucion?ria do pensamento econ?mico para explicar os diferentes padr?es de crescimento observados na economia mundial. Os pa?ses apresentam trajet?rias distintas de crescimento econ?mico decorrentes da ado??o de novas tecnologias e do papel das institui??es neste processo. Os diferentes ambientes institucionais influenciam os processos de inova??o e difus?o e, com isso, as trajet?rias de desenvolvimento dos pa?ses. Diante do car?ter evolucion?rio do sistema econ?mico, as mudan?as de paradigmas induzem aos padr?es de crescimento chamados de ondas longas. Em cada onda longa abre-se uma janela de oportunidade para os pa?ses se engajarem em um processo de crescimento e catching-up, onde firmas e economias nacionais podem adquirir novas posi??es ao adaptarem as novas formas organizacionais e sociais. Assim, as mudan?as nos paradigmas tecnol?gicos t?m efeito consider?vel no processo de catching-up, converg?ncia e diverg?ncia em cada onda longa. As evid?ncias emp?ricas apontam para o processo de converg?ncia da renda per capita entre os pa?ses da OCDE, para os Tigres Asi?ticos e uma diferencia??o das trajet?rias de crescimento entre as demais regi?es mundiais.
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GUERINDON, OLIVIER. "Le lien entre diversite et performance economique de la grande entreprise americaine : une approche organisationnelle contingente." Caen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1999CAEN0582.
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Cette these analyse la question du lien entre la strategie de diversification et la performance economique de la grande entreprise americaine. La plupart des etudes anterieures sur ce theme ont etudie l'impact direct de la strategie sur la performance. Notre analyse consiste a introduire l'organisation interne de l'entreprise comme variable moderatrice de la relation, dans une perspective contingente. A cet effet, nous avons cherche a mettre en relation le mode de creation de valeur choisi par la firme avec les dispositifs organisationnels requis pour realiser le potentiel de valeur. Deux ideaux-types d'organisation correspondant chacun a deux modes distincts de creation de valeur sont elabores. Les entreprises de notre echantillon sont alors positionnees par rapport a ces ideauxtypes, en fonction de leur strategie de diversification. Une analyse originale de congruence de nature multivariee est ensuite conduite. Au cours d'une derniere etape, les mesures de congruence strategie / structure ainsi obtenues sont mises en relation avec la performance de la firme. Il est ainsi possible de proposer aux gestionnaires des grandes entreprises diversifiees des recommandations a portee operationnelle. Dans le meme temps, la recherche demontre l'interet theorique de la combinaison du courant de la contingence structurelle et de l'economie des organisations, en particulier la theorie des couts de transactionThis research explores the relationship between diversification strategy and economic performance in large u. S. Firms. Most previous studies have analyzed the direct consequences of corporate strategy upon performance, but have somehow neglected the moderating effect of strategy implementation. To this effect, we have sought to relate the value creation mode of the firm to the organizational arrangements needed to realize this value potential. Two distinct organizational ideal types are presented. An original multivariate congruence analysis is then conducted and performance implications are drawn. This research seeks to offer practical advice to managers of large diversified firms and to demonstrate the theoretical benefits of combining contingency theory and organizational economics in organization studies
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Casadevall, Dario. "Skunkworks Finder: A Design Study into the Diverse Ecosystem of Creativity and Innovation Spaces." Thesis, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat München, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/122139/1/Masterthesis_DarioCasadevall%20Kopie.pdf.
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Creative people, entrepreneurs and start-up founders using innovation spaces and hubs often find themselves inside a filter bubble or echo chamber, where like-minded people tend to come up with similar ideas and recommend similar approaches to innovation. This trend towards homophily and a polarisation of like-mindedness is aggravated by algorithmic filtering and recommender systems embedded in current technology and social media platforms. Yet, genuine innovation thrives on social inclusion fostering a diversity of ideas. To provide the opportunity to escape these echo chambers, Skunkworks Finder was designed and tested – an exploratory tool that employs social network analysis to help users discover spaces of difference and otherness in their local urban innovation ecosystem. A design inclusive research approach was adapted focusing on user-centred design choices in order to verify and validate the prototype and its according premise. Results show, that an introduction of Skunkworks Finder or similar functionality is anticipated by study participants, as participants indicated individual experiences of forming filter bubbles in innovation spaces. However, changes in design would improve comprehensibility issues addressed during the user study. Additionally, an integration of such a system into an established online tool would ensure a distribution to a wider audience, than focusing only on potential users who are already affiliated with an innovation environment.
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Gomes, Carla Sofia Marques da Silva. "Crise bolsista de 1987: o impacto da crise no mercado de acções, tendo em conta diversas tipologias da economia." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2933.
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Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças EmpresariaisO crash de 19 de Outubro de 1987, em que a queda registada na Bolsa de Nova Iorque atingiu máximos históricos, é considerado o primeiro da era informática e da inovação financeira relacionada com os programas de negociação por computador. Esta dissertação tem como principal objectivo estudar o impacto deste crash bolsista na rendibilidade e no risco do mercado accionista em função de determinadas características das economias. A população analisada engloba um conjunto de índices contemplando trinta e cinco países, representativos dos diferentes continentes. Neste estudo foram utilizadas cotações das acções mensais para o período compreendido entre 1 de Janeiro de 1985 e 1 de Dezembro de 1989. A metodologia aplicada foi desenvolvida em duas fases. Em primeiro lugar, constituíram-se oito amostras independentes a partir do agrupamento dos trinta e cinco países da população em subconjuntos de economias, de acordo com dimensão, grau de desenvolvimento, grau de abertura e nível de desenvolvimento humano. Na fase seguinte, testou-se o impacto da rendibilidade e do risco no mercado accionista do ano de 1987. A análise das médias obtidas para cada tipo de economia permitiu concluir que a rendibilidade do mercado de acções do ano de 1987 afecta positivamente, e de um modo geral, a rendibilidade do mercado accionista nos diferentes tipos de economia em estudo. Contrariamente, o risco do mercado de acções do ano de 1987 origina um efeito negativo sobre o risco do mercado accionista. Quando se procede à observação da significância estatística do impacto da rendibilidade e do risco do mercado de acções do ano de 1987, conclui-se, através da utilização de testes estatísticos, que em termos de rendibilidade, globalmente, este impacto não é relevante, ao contrário do que se apura em termos de risco. Neste caso, e considerando o período compreendido entre 1985 e 1989, demonstra-se que existem diferenças estatisticamente significativas no que se refere ao risco do mercado de acções em oito de dezasseis casos estudados.
The stock market crash of October 19, 1987, when the equity decline in the New York Stock Market was the greatest in history, was the first of the computational era and financial innovation program trading. The mainly purpose of this research is to study the impact of 1987 stock market crash on the return and risk of the equity stock market according to certain economic features. The sample includes a set of index quotations of thirty-five countries from different continents. For this research monthly price has been used for the period between January 1, 1985 and December 1, 1989. The methodology was developed in two steps. First of all, the thirty-five countries of the population were join into subsets of economies, according to its size, its degree of development, its degree of openness and its level of human development. Thus, eight independent samples were shaped. In the next phase, we sought to test the impact of return and risk in the stock market of 1987. Through mean analysis it was conclude that the return of the stock market of 1987, affects positively, overall, the return of the stock market in different kind of economy. In contrast, the risk of the equity stock market of 1987 shows a negative effect on the risk of equity stock market. The study of the statistical significance of the return and risk impact of the stock market of 1987, through sound statistical tests, allows the conclusion that in terms of return the impact is not relevant. In contrast, and considering the time span 1985 to 1989, there are statistical huge differences regarding the risk of the stock market in eight of the sixteen cases studied.
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Mécemmène, Céline. "Analyse terminologique trilingue du langage des agences de notation financière et analyse de divers aspects de la traduction économique et financière." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2004.
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Notre travail de recherche se base sur deux sujets complémentaires ; une analyse des termes économiques et financiers suivie d’une analyse de la traduction économique et financière. La notation financière est une discipline relativement nouvelle mais très d’actualité, cependant sa terminologie principalement anglo-saxonne, demeure encore équivoque et ambiguë notamment en arabe. Notre objectif dans un premier temps, est de faire découvrir aux profanes les agences de notation financière ainsi que leur terminologie très technique mais en même temps très vivante. Nous proposons ensuite une étude comparative des termes économiques et financiers français avec leurs équivalents arabes et anglais à travers l’analyse de différentes figures de style et procédés linguistiques. Nous abordons dans un second temps la problématique de la traduction économique et financière dans les trois langues ; français, anglais, et arabe. Nous nous sommes appuyées sur une variété de textes extraits de la presse spécialisée et du site du Fonds Monétaire International (FMI). Notre thèse s’attache à présenter les agences de notation financière restant jusqu’ici peu connues par le grand public, vulgariser la terminologie économique et financière avant d’aborder les divers aspects de la traduction de ce domaine ; ses caractéristiques ainsi que ses difficultésThe subject of our thesis is based on the study of two complementary essential points: a presentation of the main rating agencies and a terminology research in the economic and the financial field. We aim firstly to establish clearly the economic and financial concepts and terms in French with their equivalents in English and Arabic. The second point deals with the analysis of the economic and financial translation in the three languages (French-English-Arabic). Our goal is to analyze the characteristics of this specialized field, to compare translation results in the three languages then try to find out and analyze the problems encountered by economic and financial translators. Finance is a very broad field that represents many sub-domains however, terminology research in the financial rating sub-domain has been little developed, we decided then to introduce the financial rating agencies and to study their termionology. The reality is that until today, the economic and financial terminology is not clearly established in the French and Arabic languages which borrow a lot from the English language. We aim then to perform a theoretical and practical research, as we believe that the two approaches are complementary and enrich each other. In fact, terminology and translation are complementary and economic and financial translation requires numerous skills such as linguistic skills, and knowledge of the field of economy and finance
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Aguiar, Marckson Byan Medeiros. "Comportamento da posi??o de investimento internacional e seus diversos aspectos: uma an?lise da vulnerabilidade externa da economia brasileira, 1995-2016." PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM ECONOMIA, 2017. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/24278.
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A vulnerabilidade externa da economia brasileira, tema principal deste trabalho, pode ser analisada em v?rias perspectivas. Nesta pesquisa, observamos a vulnerabilidade externa sob a ?tica de diversos indicadores, mas com ?nfase na Posi??o de Investimento Internacional (PII) durante o per?odo 1995-2016, dando ?nfase principal a influ?ncia dos pre?os dos ativos (taxa ak) sobre a PII. Os resultados encontrados apontam que a taxa Ak influenciou de forma majorit?ria a varia??o da Posi??o de Investimento Internacional, contribuindo para uma redu??o na vulnerabilidade externa da economia brasileira quando positiva. Contudo, a vulnerabilidade externa n?o deve ser analisada apenas pela ?tica da PII. Por isso, analisamos diversos ?ndices de vulnerabilidade externa, no qual constatamos bons resultados em rela??o ao ?mbito de liquidez externa, refletindo uma melhora na vulnerabilidade externa sobre a quest?o conjuntural. Entretanto, observando os ?ndices de vulnerabilidade externa pelo ?mbito da solv?ncia externa evidenciando resultados ruins, caracterizando uma piora na vulnerabilidade estrutural na economia brasileira. Observamos ainda ?ndices de vulnerabilidade em dois per?odos distintos (1995 ? 2002 e 2003 ? 2006), percebemos no per?odo 1995 ? 2002 que os ?ndices de vulnerabilidade apresentaram resultados ruins tanto na quest?o da solv?ncia como no da liquidez externa. Em rela??o aos ?ndices no per?odo 2003 ? 2006 observamos resultados melhores em rela??o ? liquidez externa.
The external vulnerability of the Brazilian economy, the main theme of this work, can be analyzed in several perspectives. In this research, we observed the external vulnerability from the perspective of several indicators, but with an emphasis on the International Investment Position (IIP) during the period 1995-2016, with emphasis on the influence of asset prices (ak) on the IIP. The results show that the ak rate influenced in a majority way the variation of the International Investment Position, contributing to a reduction in the external vulnerability of the Brazilian economy when positive. However, the external vulnerability should not be analyzed only from the perspective of the IIP. Therefore, we analyzed several indices of external vulnerability, in which we verified good results in relation to the external liquidity scope, reflecting an improvement in the external vulnerability on the conjunctural issue. At the same time, observing the external vulnerability indices by the scope of the external solvency evidencing bad results, characterizing a worsening in the structural vulnerability in the Brazilian economy. We also observed vulnerability indexes in two different periods (1995-2002 and 2003-2006). In the period 1995-2002, vulnerability indexes presented poor results on both solvency and external liquidity issues. In relation to the indices in the 2003-2006 period, we observed better results in relation to external liquidity.