Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Économie de la santé – Cameroun'
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Ebolo-Obama, Etienne. "Production et financement du secteur de la santé dans une économie en développement : exemple du Cameroun." Bordeaux 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR1D009.
Full textHealth problems rise with a significant impact on the economies of developing countries. In cameroon these problems are expressed first by the distortion of people phy siological balance. Thus, the available health indicators show a worrying sanitary situation. As far as health system is concern, the extend of needs is so important that the in sufficiency of health expenditure finally ceated misfuntioning problems regarding hea lth care facilities. The shortages of medecine and the quantitative and qualitative lack of health personnel have provoked and reinforced the imbalance between medical service of towns and that of countrysides. In town, the beginning and the development of libe ral medecine sector pointed out differentiation problems in the medical consumption. The self-treatment as well as the extension of informal medical can also be noticed. The economic crisis which has been in progress since 1986 make fear a serious calling into question of some sanitary acquired. The expansion or the upholding of present level of health activities finally proved the necessity to make clients partners in financing health activities: the free cares is applies on less operational structures while the regulation on tariffs has been existing since 1962. The reinforcement of tariffs law means also an improvement of the organization and the management methods of the health sector
Mendo, Me Mfou Elvire Mireille Inès. "Les micro-unités de santé informelles au Cameroun : quelle réponse aux besoins des populations les plus vulnérables ?" Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL12018/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the success of informal micro-care units (IMCUs) in urban Cameroon at a time when other initiatives such as formal primary health care promoted by the World Health Organization are implemented to improve access of vulnerable populations to care. We seek to first, understand the extent to which IMCUs better meet the health needs of some disadvantaged populations than other health services, and second draw lessons on the possible place of the IMCUs in an expanded health policy. We rely on the literature to explain the motivations of suppliers and care-seeker in health economics and in the informal economy. We also rely on quantitative and qualitative surveys we conducted in Yaounde with suppliers and care-seeker. We highlight a number of variables that determine the selection for the IMCUs by the care-seeker. Our thesis shows that in the context of informal micro-market in which IMCUs operate, the market mechanisms are insufficient to explain actors’ behavior, while economics of convention and the capabilities approach are relevant grids of analysis. The conventions illustrate the process of adjustment of supply to demand subjected to high constraints. The prospects of integrating the MUSIs to national health policy stem from their potential contribution, under certain conditions, to the expansion of primary health care
Kouokam, Magne Estelle. "Santé et religions dans l'Extrême-nord du Cameroun : stratégies d'acteurs, enjeux de pouvoirs et dynamiques de réseaux." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10021.
Full textNkwenkeu, Sylvain F. "Evaluation des politiques publiques de santé : une analyse économique appliquée au Cameroun." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENE006/document.
Full textIn Cameroon, the sequence of reforms in the health sector has reinforced an ideological wavering between two opposing currents: a socio-universal that promotes equity, and a neoliberal, which militates for greater economic efficiency of existing systems. Articulating two concerns which are, the worsening of health inequalities as consequence of policy choices made on the efficacy of services without taking into account factors that support the demand, and the form of organization of the health system arising from an imperfect translation of major international principles, this thesis aims to contributing to a critical reflection on the process, the implementation and the results produced by these health policies. To determine Cameroonian specificity, we inscribe them in a triple theoretical field. The neo-institutionalist approach, mobilize to grasp the importance of the economic history and its influence on the evolution of the health system, which allows understanding the conditions for policy change. The “referentials” approach to policy analysis in order to apprehend the foundations of the new public policy, including the understanding of how interests and ideas are formatted by institutions. An effort to illuminate the policy game is undertaken to appraise the mediation of political entrepreneurs, thereby testing empirically the “top-down hypothesis”. Finally, the theories of justice help to argue for the existence of an imbalance between health supply and demand which undermines health outcomes, and reinforces the conflict efficacy versus equity. Indeed, our work aims to provide some answers to three main questions: (i) Why (triggers) and how (dynamic) health public policies are influenced in their construction and implementation by economic policies? (ii) What are the outcomes of induced changes by the global referential (macroeconomic framework) on sectoral referential that requires a more equitable distribution and access to health services? (iii) What lessons can we learn from the knowledge of the interrelationships between the dynamics of poverty reduction and the persistence of inaccessibility to health care in order to improve the evaluation of public policies? From a number of quantitative and qualitative indicators, the robustness of the new policy is questioned following prospects regarding health distribution and accessibility. Therefore, we emphasize the difficulty of the public policy to achieve satisfactory results both in terms of efficacy or equity due to the institutional and organizational system in which it is designed and implemented. Three epistemic communities acting on a nonstructural basis are identified and analyzed through a robust qualitative material that enables us to grasp the existence of a paradigmatic conflict emerged from how different groups are positioning themselves and interpret reality in order to put in coherence the sectorial referential and the global market-based one which appears to be rather spontaneous and mandatory. Statistical and econometric works to measure more precisely the inequalities and determinants of access and use of health services by the population supports the idea of a widening of inequalities by the health policies maintained by strong regressive mechanisms. The analysis of the determinants of occurrence of catastrophic health expenditures also confirms this. We mobilize thereafter an additional material to assess the allocative efficiency and efficacy of public spending on health as well as their impact on the use of services and benefits revealed from their use
Petsoko, Maturin. "Exploitation minière et droits fondamentaux en droit camerounais - Recherche d'une conciliation entre developpement économique et droit à la santé et à la vie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE3018.
Full textAlthough mining is useful because it generates revenues, it also raises difficulties because it undermines some legally protected interests. This is why it is criticized for its many negative externalities that hurt some fundamental rights, as the right to health, and finally, the right to life. The question is whether to give it up or whether to maintain it. The solution seems to be maintenance, but for that, it must be reconciled with environmental and social considerations. The research question is how to organize a mining operation that ensures the preservation of the right to health and the right to life ? To organize the conciliation between these imperatives is the object of this thesis. It is justified not only by the usefulness of mining, but also by the interests attached to the protection of fundamental rights.Faced with this difficulty, the Cameroonian legislator has taken some important, but insufficient measures that need to be completed. The analysis reveals that the regulations do not give the necessary guarantees of a legal security that would integrate both the preservation of the general interest and the private interests of mining operators, and the fundamental rights of the citizens. These legal uncertainties call for further reflection so that the technical, scientific, health and environmental uncertainties raised by mining should fully be taken into account. This is the reason why several proposals have been made to optimize this conciliation. To this end, sustainable development appears as the martingale of the reconciliation of diverging interests.Conciliation involves the avoidance of damages on the one hand and the curative treatment of the negatives effects of mining on health and life on the other. Although the field of experimentation of research is Cameroon, the analysis remains mobilizable in others contexts
Nguema, Engo Paul. "Une économie régionale transfrontalière : Gabon-Cameroun-Guinée Equatoriale." Bordeaux 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR30065.
Full textThe present work relates to the general topic of border geography. It exposes the problems of the crossborder region between gabon, cameroon and equatorial guinea confronted with requirements for economic and social development in central africa and the countries involved. It discusses in two main points the nature and the way how a certain kind of economy operates, which evolves outside the administrative divisions but is more or less subject to their constraints. The first point consists of highlighting the fundamentals of this economy. Elements are analysed, ranging from basic data to complmentarities and economical disparities, through resources pertaining to the crossborder region. The second point relates to its dynamics. It takes into account the structures as well as the actors which determine the actual functioning of that economy. The second point further includes crossborder impact on that region. Based on those main points, the analyses reveal that this economy is not "strong" but rather fragile but dependent on the political and economic situations not relating to the border regions but rather to the states concerned. A dual functioning system is exhibited which lacks harmony. As regards to the sociocultural aspect, the whole region benefits from it, whereas in the socio-economic field, non-native and foreign populations are more specially favoured than true natives
Bikomen, Magloire. "Diversification sectorielle et intégration intersectorielle dans une économie sous-industrialisée : l'exemple camerounais." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010020.
Full textWhen we look at the history of the birth and evolution of nations, we will notice that there are two possible choices in matters of their development; namely selfsufficiencey and integration. The former being altained by the end of twentieth century. The integration of the world economic system remains unique, indeed a means that is vital and cannot be over looked in the atteinment of the social and economic goals of big and small nations alike. However, it is the method of integrating the national economy rather than the membership in a world economic organization that will determine the degree of development of these nations. In others words, if the exist both developed and undeveloped nations it is for the simple reason that these exists are good and bad integration. In that which relates to the Cameroon, it is a matter of an integration of agroexports. Its particularity is to say, she can only be subjected to the laws of a world economic system that are not her advantage. So to permit the creation of a internal market and the process of stocking at a local leval it has ahow a political will of development; and this will has to be sufficiently strong to reduce the lock of attention to the internal production system by the integration of the rural sector into the modern sector; and to assure the revival of the national economy
Banza-Nsungu, Antoine Bakwate. "Environnement urbain et santé : la morbidité diarrhéique des enfants de moins de cinq ans à Yaoundé (Cameroun)." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100105.
Full textMarongiu, Yann. "La transition de l'entreprise informelle à l'entreprise moderne : le cas du Cameroun." Bordeaux 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR1D028.
Full textThis thesis proposes a study of possibilities of conversion of firm from informal to modern sector, with reference to cameroon. This research is intentionally centred around the economic sphere, whereas the sociocultural field will only enter into the analysis where it becomes a dominating factor. In the introduction, we develop the problem of the transition of a developing country to an industrial society, while integrating the historical dimension into the analysis. We then define the type of informal activity which may be converted into modern activity. From this point, our work is structured around two complementary approaches. The first stresses the essential, and encouraging, role of production factors, capital and labour, in the transitional process. In the second approach, given on the one hand, an informal modern dissection of intersectorial relations, and on the other, the analysis (of national and international) political effects on the phenomena of transition and evolution for the informal sector, we conclude with the impossibility of envisaging the informal sector as the new basis of development
Abessolo, Yves André. "Capital humain, salaires et segmentation du marché du travail en économie sous-développée : le cas du Cameroun." Bordeaux 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR40024.
Full textNyemb, Gabriel. "Le système sanitaire camerounais : étatisme ou libéralisme ?" Bordeaux 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR1D021.
Full textAfter ist independance cameroon choosed a planified liberalism system. This can be observed in the health sector by the existence of private care systels established by germans. At the same time and because it is confronted to numerous influence and to inefficient health actions due to private entreprises. The state is forced to build up important infrastructures, while seting a great number of reforms. The health care system therefore evoluate to an institutional dualism wich is find in one han many private institutes that are efficient from a technical point of view and in the other hand a public sector which is as important as the later. Taking in account eleven foundamental variables which helped bringing about this research, the private sector appears to be superior to the public one. There is, a liberal system developped since the colonial period
Mengue, Mengue Joseph. "Contre-choc pétrolier et crise économique camerounaise : 1982-1992." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100057.
Full textIn this paper, an attempt is being made to analyses the economic instability in Cameroun following years of economic growth. Since 1985, the country has entered into a new era of economic restriction and rigor. In the first part of this paper, we try to treat the causes and the consequences of the economic crises. In chapter one of part 1, these causes are shown as being endogenous, reflecting the inappropriateness of state politics vis-a-vis the economy of the country. In chapter ii, we are presented with the exogenous causes, showing that the economy of the country has been put under constraints of both internal and external public over-indebtedness. The two chapters of part b try to show the idea that, at global level; these crises have contributed to the development of informal economy, the blockage of growth, and to the aggravation of poverty. The second part is devoted to debate arising from the adoption of the politics of liberal stabilization and adjustment. In general, this study presents econometric models inspired by the works of Khan and Polak. These models serve as theoretical supporters to the Bretton woods institutions. It shows the limitations of the structural adjustment plans that had been elaborated, notably those concerning the functioning of market (situations) and the existence of an informal sector that is not well known. At the actual moment, the state is very weak, dismantled by the eight years of brutal adjustment. The economy of Cameroun is therefore a paradoxical case of a political economy administered from the above. The question of the 21st century economies of Africa is in fact to change the methods of regulation and the form of accumulation, to pass from the logic of stock-holder to that of accumulation of businesses arising from the adoption of the politics of liberal stabilization and adjustment
Ngantchou, Céleste Euloge. "Les therapeutiques economiques et financieres mises en oeuvre au cameroun sous l'impulsion du fonds monetaire international." Lyon 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO20008.
Full textRoudier-Daval, Charlotte. "Les SIG appliqués à la santé : l'exemple des maladies parasitaires à Mbandjock (Cameroun)." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100141.
Full textGIS applications on health have emerged in the 90' and are nowadays in full expansion. Health events can be located and their spatial organisation detected thanks to GIS technologies. Their recent use brings major interests but isn't urithout limits nor constraints. Exemple of GIS conception in order to study parasitic diseases in Mbandjock town has given us the possibility to illustrate in practical terras, interests and limits of such an application. Mbandjock is a small town of centre of Cameroon. It's urban growth is the consequence of a sugar agro-industrial complex implantation in the 60'. The urban residential areas disparities of parasitic situations, Chat use of GIS helps to provide ficrther informations and explanations. Spatial analysis of data pives to geographers, as well as to health professionals, a new approach of health events which are analysed in their geographical context
Ambellié, Louis. "Le marketing industriel public : le cas du Cameroun." Paris 9, 1992. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1992PA090019.
Full textPublic industrial marketing (MIP) as a concept, is the result of a combination of operational tools from both the public and private sector economic theories which are two important spheres of political economics and management of organisations under the responsibility of the state. The main objective of any responsible government is to ensure the highest possible rate of economic growth in that country. We also know that successful states are those who have the ability to produce and sell industrial goods and services, better than theircompetitors (other states), which in a highly competitive environment form the mains stake of the world economy, in a context of a global entrepreneurship implemented by the nation. Based on 10 variables, a set of criteria, a methodology and a precise management organisational system, the MIP in its application becomes not only a theory os state marketing action but also an important tool in the management of economic developement strategies
Bien, Franck. "Essais en économie de la santé et assurance." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100196.
Full textThe purpose of this PhD is to study agency relationship in health economics. We consider three actors: patient, doctor and regulatory-insurance in two frameworks: "French ambulatory medicine" and "health insurance". The first two chapters aim at analysing the fees in "French ambulatory medicine". Medical service is a credence good because the patient does not observe result but only action. We establish doctors are opportunist because they build their reputation on affering best quality and after the supply bad quality. The regulation of free fees of ambulatory medicine is based on doctors' opportunist actions. We can show that the properties of contracts depend on the number of honest doctors and the value of information's regulatory. The last chapters examine "health insurance". .
Simon, Jean-Michel. "Evaluation du médicament et économie de la santé." Dijon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995DIJOE008.
Full textThe economic evaluation of drugs is referred to increasingly in the context of scientific and economic approaches to achieving more effective health expenditure. The first part of this thesis sets out the basis for, and methodology employed in the economic evaluation of drugs. It describes briefly its limitations and the main criticisms levelled against it, giving details of the analytical options available as well as the differences between methods. In the second part, the author examines the possible role of pharmaco-economic criteria within the regulatory mechanisms of the French pharmaceutical market. It shows that they conflict with other decision-making criteria which at the present time carry, relatively speaking, more weight. The third part examines the relevance of pharmaco-economic evaluation in a practical setting, on the basis of studies of the new active substances which appeared within the five year period 1989-1993. It points out the problems inherent in these studies examines the general characteristics of the method adopted. It draws attention to the most frequently occuring faults, examines the validity, and assesses their overall contribution
Eboko, Fred. "Pouvoirs, jeunesses et sida au Cameroun : politique publique, dynamiques sociales et contructions des sujets." Bordeaux 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR40039.
Full textEwangue, Jean-Lucien. "L' économie de plantation et son impact au Cameroun sous administration française, 1916-1960." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070005.
Full textCameroon experienced a rapid growth in the domain of plantation economy in Africa during the period of colonisation. To assure the development of plantations in Cameroon, France as well as Germany used hard measures to force workers to work on these plantations. Plantations have been a catalyst of changes occurred within the Cameroonian societies during the colonial period. Thus, this study based on plantation economy in Cameroon under the French administration reveals the factors of ' modernity" and change that took place in the Cameroonian society during the period of colonisation. This research has equally brought out the divergences of situations and regional reactions
Manga, Lucien A. E. "Environnements, vecteurs et transmission du paludisme en milieux urbain et rural de la zône forestière du Sud Cameroun." Montpellier 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON13520.
Full textMbenda, Sabine Patricia. "La croissance de l'entreprise : le cas des industries agroalimentaires de l'économie camerounaise." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT4007.
Full textThe Cameroonian Government considers the industrial sector as a real control lever of' growth and competitiveness of the economy in order to fight against poverty. In this light, the idea aiming t the improvement of the growth and the competitiveness of industrial firms are obstacles identified in the industrial sector. By reducing our field of investigation to the food-processing industries of the Cameroonian economy, we support another approach based on the strategies of firms, through a strategic view taking explicitly into account the interrelation between the growth and the competition of the enterprise on the other hand, and anchor in the identification of food-processing industries on the other hand. We build a multidimensional analysis grid of the growth of a company using five constituents which are the growth rate of the company, the factors of contingency of the environment, the characteristics of the company, the sources of competitiveness, the options of development and the modalities of growth. By taking into account the interactions between these constituents, we suggest a typology of the growth rates of some companies as a sample. On the basis of this typology a d the striking dimensions of the strategies of companies, we sketch our thinking in terms of strategies, which can allow preservation and an improvement of the growth of the food-processing industries of the Cameroonian economy, in a concurrent context
Tchankam, Jean-Paul. "Performances comparées des entreprises publiques et privées au Cameroun." Bordeaux 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR40016.
Full textThis study compares the performance of public and private companies in the cameroon. The study has three objectives : the evaluation of the performance levels in public and private companies, the identification of factors which influence these performance levels and the proposal of ways to improve them. The method used consists of defining the two key comparison factors : enterprise and performance which are open to interpretation and the method used to make the comparison : mesurement criteria, the hypotheses used for the study and a questionnaire. The questionnaire which was send to 300 companies, 175 private and 125 public, shed light on the similarities and differences in the levels of performance of public and private companies. The environment, management and basic strategy options explain the differences in performance levels of the two types of companies, more than their capitalistic structure. Measures are proposed to make improvements : changes to the business environment and the modemisation of management methods. The obligations of public service which are peculiar to public companies, necessitate additional measures : the improvement of their relationship with the public authorities, their management methods and organisation structures and their basic strategy options
Foe, Ndi Christophe. "La mise en oeuvre du droit à la santé au Cameroun." Thesis, Avignon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AVIG2064.
Full textThe State of Cameroon has ratified numerous international instruments to guarantee the rightto health of its people. Further, it has created institutions with the aim of making this righteffective. Even though some gaps can still be observed between international norms andlegislative as well as administrative measures taken at the national level, the task now is toevaluate the capability of these national measures together with that of the institutionscharged with implementing them, in ensuring efficacy in the realization of the right to health.This approach therefore leads us to question the guarantee of this right no more in terms ofeffectiveness of norms and institutions, but rather in terms of their efficacy in preventinginfringements to the health of people.The efficacy-approach adopted in this evaluation brings us to acknowledge the fact that legaland non-legal mechanisms contribute in a relative manner in the guarantee of the right tohealth. However, the evaluation of the strategies and actions taken at the national level leadsto the conclusion that there still exists in various aspects, huge gaps with internationalstandards laid down in order to fully implement the right to health. Thus, it flows from whathas been mentioned above that even though the legal and institutional framework regardingthe right to health is rich, the State of Cameroon nevertheless does not succeed in protectingwith efficacy the health of its populations. To overcome this problem, some reforms arenecessary in the Cameroonian health system.Firstly, the Cameroonian health system needs to adopt a proactive rather than only a reactiveapproach in designing measures aimed at protecting people’s health. In addition, this systemshould take more into consideration health determinants, thus including the preventivedimension, and not only relying on the curative dimension of health’s protection. Secondly, itseems nowadays essential to put in place universal health coverage in order to fight againstthe exclusion of poor and vulnerable people. In the same vein of ensuring people’saccessibility to health care services, the integration of traditional medicine in the Cameroonianhealth system will deeply contribute to the reduction of medical deserts and to reduce thecosts of health services
Jackson, Willy. "Le cameroun et l'integration economique regionale." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070137.
Full textCameroon is involved in a process of regional economic integration through the union douaniere et economique de l'afrique centrale (udeac) and the communaute economique des etats de l'afrique centrale (ceeac). This trend takes place with nation-building, with emergence of nation-state in the background. But is it possible, at the same time, to be mobilized for nation-building and to seek with efficacy after regional economic integration? the research put the stress on the contradiction, the social antagonism between the two phenomenons in the cameroonian political life. It shows that the necessity of nation-building is given priority over the regional economic integration requirement. It finally suggests that the solution of that dichotomy will take place within the framework of a politically united africa. In others words, to thrive in africa, regional economic integration must be preceded and cemented by political union
Nyouma, David. "Le role economique de l'etat : le cas du cameroun." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05D006.
Full textSince independence, the governement of cameroon has put in place a policy of consolidation in the perspective of self-centred development. In hope of resolving the budgetary equilibrium problems, public infrastructures were driven into deficits. From 1975, the financial resources obtained from petroleum exports had brought the public authority to adopt an active policy in matters concerning public employment, the creation and or the support of state enterprises and public infrastructures. From 1985, due to the financial difficulties of public enterprises and of fiscal inadaptability resulting from fall in receipts or returns of exportation and of petrol, the government was obliged to adopt the framework economic policy developed by the imf and the world bank. Faced with the limited results of the structural adjustement policies, it became necessary to put in place a new structure
Ngambi, Jules Raymond. "Déchets solides ménagers de la ville de Yaoundé (Cameroun) : de la gestion linéaire vers une économie circulaire." Thesis, Le Mans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEMA3001/document.
Full textIn a bid to construe the issue of solid household waste management in Yaounde, two analytical frameworks were adopted. A linear management of waste based on strategies of collection, transportation, processing, dumping-ground for waste accumulation and a switch towards a circular economy. Since the overlapping of powers as well as the technical, management and organisational shortcomings stand originally as the root cause of environmental disparities, it hardly favours the public management of waste. This has entailed stakes and harm such as irregular dumping sites, open incineration, floods as well as waste related pathologies.Because of lapses in linear management, the authorities have decided to lay the foundations of a new system relying on the recycling of waste known internationally as “circular economy”. Circular economy is being developed in precise areas such as formal and informal recoveries, repair, reuse, buying and resale of waste, composting and recycling. Such a governmental strategy, supported by actors of the civil and private societies was concretised by the creation in 2010 of new sectors such as the project of methanisation in the dumping-ground of Nkol Foulou, the recycling of electrical and electronic equipment wastes. In addition, the adoption of a juridical framework of the waste economy followed in 2012. To sum up, it is evident that, as time goes by, the repairing activity is become so dynamic that there is a greater need to restructure it. However, people still have negative perception of waste that hinders the breakthrough of this area. Finally, it is compulsory to sensitize, inform and educate Yaounde city dwellers for the improvement of solid waste management in Cameroon
Tunçel, Tuba. "Essais en Organisation Industrielle et Économie de la Santé." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU10027.
Full textCourbage, Christophe. "Risque, santé et prévention." Montpellier 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON10002.
Full textZogo, Ekassi Alphonse. "La problématique du développement rural et la dynamique paysanne dans le contexte de la libéralisation économique en Afrique : le cas du Cameroun." Bordeaux 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR40048.
Full textNyankiye, Francine. "Modèle de cycle réel pour une petite économie ouverte: le cas du Cameroun." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8277.
Full textBoyer, Laurent. "Evaluation des réseaux de santé." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX20657.
Full textTantchou, Yakam Josiane Carine. "Comment naissent les politiques verticales de santé en Afrique ? : réinterroger le passé et le présent à partir de la lutte contre la trypanosomiase et la tuberculose au Cameroun." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0238.
Full textThe thesis seek to answers three questions: how can we explain the emergence of selective health programs in Africa? How can we explain the repetitive failures of health policies in Africa ? What justifies the "eagerness" to improve the health of the poor (countries). As answer to the first question, the author notes that selective health policies are not always based on the report of a critical epidemiologic situation. They are often the initiative of actors inserted in power networks, able to mobilize interest and financial resources. The thesis raises the question of "eagerness" to cooperate or improve the health of the poor (countries). Refuting the humanitarian argument, the author uses Michel Foucault analysis of the "racisme d'Etat" and explains this by the desire "de faire vivre pour soi-même". As for the repetitive failures of health policies implemented in some African countries, the author proposes an analysis based on the "biopouvoir", explaining these failures by a deficiency, an absence, a bursting of it
Pichetti, Sylvain. "La concurrence par comparaison, applications en économie de la santé." Besançon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BESA0001.
Full textYardstick competition is a way of regulating several regional monopolies so as to induce a form of competition that weakens individual firms' monopolies of information and hence improves the terms of the trade-off between allocative, productive and distributional efficiency. This is done by making the reward to one firm depend on its performance relative to that of other firms. This promising mechanism is however rarely applied in economics. This phenomenon can be explained by the fact that it is difficult to compare firms whose environments are heterogeneous. The DEA method is very convenient to treat this problem. The important potential of the method as a way of comparison is illustrated by two original contributions centered on health economics. The first one aims at estimating the efficiency of hospitals in order to assign to each of them a budget target. The second one aims at estimating the efficiency of health expenses at the departmental level through the DEA method
Msakni, Bargui Faten. "La prostitution clandestine à Sfax : migration, santé et économie informelle." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0684/document.
Full textCertainly the study of the world of illegal prostitution and meeting clandestine prostitutes are, for us, a very rewarding experience. However, contacting these women, and therefore sharing their experiences is by no means an easy task. While studying this particular community, we faced several difficulties: getting access to infamous places, resisting to collaborate on the part of certain prostitutes, swindle and spending big amounts of money. Our goal is to understand the phenomenon of clandestine prostitution in Sfax City, the profiles of women who live there, including those from migration, as well as the push factors to this condition. Our main motivation is to explore un understudied topic in the sociological literature in Tunisia. We opted for a perspective of comprehensive sociology. Meeting clandestine prostitutes have been arranged through several actors; pimps, real estate agents, clandestine prostitutes, peer educators. Life stories of 25 Tunisian women were drafted based on observations made in the tea rooms and on the boulevards of the city of Sfax, which allowed to explore in depth their prostitution experiences. In addition, our experience with the Tunisian Association to fight Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS, based in Sfax, as a social worker in the framework of the Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria
Maillot, Stéphanie. "Redistribution et dépenses de santé." Besançon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BESA0004.
Full textThis thesis studies income redistribution. Redistribution comes from public health care finance and income taxation. Social and fiscal policies can be implemented by a benevolent State but also by self-interested politicians. The first part is a synthesis of literature. The normative and political approaches are retained to study health care finance and income redistribution. The second part studies the optimal redistributive policy when State is benevolent and offers income and health care coverage by means of a direct linear income tax. I also consider the introduction of moral hazard in a second time. The last part considers the democratic decision process : majority voting, to determine which fiscal and social policy has to be implemented, and analyzes the redistributive impact
Emgba-Bitha, Henri-Didié. "Le recours aux services de santé publics au Cameroun : reconnaître et appuyer les ressources mobilisées par les personnes en situation d'indigence." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27780.
Full textSince the adoption of the new pricing policy on the provision of health care services and medication proposed to developing countries during the Bamako Conference in 1987, cost recovery, a condition for healthcare access, has made the overall access to health services difficult for impoverished African households, especially in Sub-saharan countries. It has been noticed that some poverty-stricken households in rural Cameroon still manage to make use of public health services. This is particularly the case in rural Cameroon where we worked as a nurse. The purpose of this study was to examine the resources at the disposal of these poverty-stricken households which allow them to make use of the public health services under cost recovery circumstances. The exploratory field research described in this document used a qualitative approach. Interviews, observations and documentary analyses were used to piece together and trace the stories about the access to care. Nine households were surveyed, eight of which figured in the retrospective section, and one in the transversal section. Five members of health workers and three community leaders were surveyed. At the end of this process, we found that poverty-stricken households surveyed have a certain amount of tangible and intangible resources at their disposal and that they were involved in various approaches that allowed them to access monetary resources when they met health issues. The dual financial contribution (direct and indirect) made by these poverty-stricken households and supported by an unofficial local policy on the provision of health services implemented by the staff of the Integrated Health Centre of NTG, allowed poor households to benefit from health care even in the absence of initial financial resources. Thus, according to the results of our studies, the improved use of public health services by poor in our area of study could also involve through an increase of their resources and through the support in the mobilization of these ressources by certain initiatives (community and municipal). Also, these results invite us to review the common misconception conveyed in relation to the indigent population and to reconsider the way of representing the indigent when talking about its possible or impossible use of public health services.
Aghokeng, Fobang Avelin. "Diversite génétique des lentivirus humains et simiens au Cameroun : implication pour la santé publique." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20008.
Full textLeinyuy, Jibirila. "Markets, family firms and human capital investment." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0015.
Full textImproving the business sector and developing markets are fundamental policies for economic growth, so is human capital accumulation. But business conditions and market structures in poor economies can create conflict between these objectives such that conditions that improve business prospects will decrease the incentives to invest in human capital. In this thesis, l use microeconomic theory to demonstrate the mechanisms through which market evolution (credit, labour and product markets) affects human capital accumulation incentives (children' s education and child labour). L econometrically test the theory using data from a survey of business households in North West Cameroon
Vicard, Augustin. "Six essais en économie appliquée : insertion professionnelle des jeunes : utilisation variables subjectives en économie de la santé." Paris, EHESS, 2015. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01249815.
Full textThis thesis is composed of six essays on youth and the labor market on the one hand, and on the use of subjective variables in health economics on the other hand. In most developed countries, young people often face great and increasing difficulties when entering the labor market, especially since the Great Recession. The first two chapters analyse French programs aimed at helping youth facing these difficulties. We evaluate the impact of extending the minimum income to young people (Chapter 1) and of strengthening the main training program for youth (Chapter 2). The third and fourth chapters focus on the unemployment level when young people enter the labor market, analyzing its impact on their educational attainment (Chapter 3), and on their wage and employment prospects throughout their career (Chapter 4) Moreover, the increasing use of subjective variables by economists raises the question of their reliability and robustness. In the last two chapters, we explore how the formulation of subjective questions shape the collected answers, for two variables often used in health economics : foregone health care due to cost (Chapter 5) and subjective health (Chapter 6). Using the split sample method, we compare the responses of several random samples of respondents, which answer to different formulations of the same question
Chendjou, Kouatcho Nganso Jean-Joseph. "Les Bamileke de l'Ouest Cameroun, pouvoirs, économie et société, 1850-1916 : la situation avant et après l'accentuation des influences européennes." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010616.
Full textLaloum, Bensadon Anne-Carole. "Qualité et régulation du système de santé hospitalier." ENSMP, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ENMP0955.
Full textVérez, Jean-Claude. "Urbanisation et autosuffisance alimentaire au Cameroun : un essai d'explication par les petites activités marchandes." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100135.
Full textThe majority of African countries south of the Sahara have known, since the end of the Second World War, a population growth hither to unknown coopted with rapid urbanization. The change in the population structure of sub-Saharan Africa poses a priori series of problems for the provision of foodstuffs for the towns. Certain studies lead us to believe they will be a real catastrophic by the end of the century. We conjure up, for example “the food weapon”. Aware of these risks, the majority of African politicians are showing the will to develop the agriculture sector and in particular food crops. Such is the case of the Cameroon typical of sub-Saharan Africa; the total population of the Cameroon has raised consistently since1950. The rural/ urban ration tends towards equilibrium. How, under these circumstances to arrive at food self-sufficiency or, in the case of Cameroon, to maintain it. Several studies show a relative self-sufficiency to the point where we speak of “the store house of Africa”. It appears necessary to consider simultaneously: on one hand the changes n tastes and diet in the demand notably urban, on the other hand ability to adapt of producing zones. This returns again to the study of the chains of commerce as well as the agricultural politics practiced by the state. Studies taken Daoula and in the western province underline the active role of Bamiléké in the supply of towns. A closknit community they have created small businesses (including small retail outlets) which contribute to the fulfillment of urban alimentary demand. Although illegal these are both a source of occupation and of revenue, they also supply a need and enable the sale of very small quantities. The State has to be aware of this and not favor uniquely the development of cash crops and/ or products for exportation. Rather than a break with the country, the urbanization could lead to a new dynamism. The correlation therefore between urbanization and alimentary dependence shows itself, a priori, to be full of nuances
Bikay-Nyounay, Jean-Marc. "Conceptions africaines de la maladie et rites de guérison (le cas des Basaa-Bantu du Sud Cameroun)." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040182.
Full textThe Basaa-Bantu, population of south Cameroon, have had in turn, a traditional conception of disease -cure, a western and modern conception, to which was added a Christian conception. After 100 years of Christianism, these populations associate on the one hand the traditional medicine with modern medicine and demonstrate, on the other hand, signs of a real adaptation of the evangelical message to the extent that they can, from these various conceptions of a new examination of the scriptures and the tradition of church, propose to the universal church a semantic transition from the sacrament of the sick to the sacrament of recovery. A transition which is adaptable to the African conception of disease and cure. This recovery should be taken less in magical sense then biblical. In effect, the cure propose by Jesus Christ to man of all time and all places, is a total cure of man. It comprises a spiritual dimension which can bring about a bodily cure with a view to the realization of its salvation. A dimension in reality, very close to the African conception
Saïdou, Hamadou. "Pauvreté, paludisme et réformes des systèmes de santé en Afrique : trois études appliquées au Cameroun." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED003/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with poverty, malaria and health system reforms in Africa. It is motivated by persistently high levels of social inequality, prevalence and mortality related to malaria in sub-Saharan Africa in a context characterized by widespread use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) and the implementation of innovative reforms in health system. We focused on three cases studies applied to Cameroon. Since 2012, the country has been experimenting the Performance Based Financing (PBF) approach in its health system. We used data from the PBF impact assessment surveys conducted in this country in 2012 and 2015.Our results show first that the households’ low level of standard of living predisposes its members under 5 to malaria. Secondly, we find that the malaria shocks, very frequent for children under 5 years, affect negatively the mothers. Thirdly labor supply. We find that the reforms introduced by PBF have a significant and positive impact on the therapeutic use in case of malaria of children under 5 in Cameroon, especially among the poor children and in rural areas.The results obtained could guide endemic sub-Saharan countries in the implementation of the new roadmap for the achievement of sustainable development goals, formulate consistent policies against malaria and against poverty
Ngan, Ngan Désiré. "Le secteur "informel" à Yaoundé : République du Cameroun." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100222.
Full textPelletier-Fleury, Nathalie. "Analyse économique et évaluation de la diffusion des innovations en télémédecine." Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA11T063.
Full text@Economie analysis and evaluation of the diffusion of innovations in telemedicine : The situation of telemedicine is paradoxical. The application of new Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in medical practice has been discussed since the 1 970s, though their actual use has never become routine. This is despite the fact that medicine is traditionally an innovative field, and that it is commonly stated that tele-consultation, tele expertise and tele-surveillance could even respond to the major problems relating to the management of health care systems, allowing for provision of health care which i s at least as good as present care, but at a lower cost (Chapter I). The use of new instruments is likely to bri ng about major organisational transformations in medical practice. Analysing these, on the basis of the economies of transaction costs, while taking into account the technical context (the absence of standards), as well as present institutional arrangements (relating to problems of medical responsibility), helps explain the organisational dimension of this paradox. Indeed, for tele-medicine to be adopted new modes of health-care organisation have to be defined that are grounded on greater integration, and especially on the formulation of original contractual procedures, such as the creation of health-care networks. (Chapter II). However, unless health care producers can agree on new forms of cooperation, then the efficiency of new practices, which the implementation of tele-medicine is supposed to bring about, remains to be shown. Using the example of tele-surveillance in the diagnosis of apnea sleep syndrome, this thesis sets out to examine the methodological problems arising from the technical and economie evaluation of ITCs, which are still within an experimental context. Subsequently the thesis attempts to provide some insights into the solutions to these problems (Chapter III)
Gouget, Bernard. "L' analyse économique du traitement du diabète infantile." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010034.
Full textTibouti, Abdelmajid. "Etat de santé, parités de pouvoir d'achat et croissance économique : une comparaison internationale (1960-1980)." Aix-Marseille 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX24010.
Full textThe objectif of this work is the study of the respective contributions of capital, labor, health and education to the explanation of the international differences of productivity. All countries of market economy are concerned with this study during the period 1960-1980 and the sub-periods 1960-1973 and 1973-1980. The originality of this research is triple : - the production function was chosen in such a way that its estimation doesn't necessary assume the equilibrium assumptions. - the methods of comparison of real gross domestic product and its composition. For the first time we used the method of purchasing power parities in a growth model. - the multiple indicator multiple causes health status index used to measure the level of health of different countries. In this model, health is an inobservable link between observable causes and observable effects. Health, thus measured, was further introduced in the growth model. The results of this study are very reach of teachings from the methodological view as well as from the empirical view. Furthermore these results show clearly that studies which still use exchange rates to compare the real gross domestic products of different countries must be regarded with caution
Le, Faou Anne-Laurence. "Peut-on réformer les systèmes de santé tout en conciliant les intérêts macro et micro-économiques ?" Paris 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA020025.
Full textThe conciliation of macro- and micro-economic interests in healthcare system reforms has conducted to study the social and financial situation of the health sector in france, germany, united-kingdom, united states and canada. These descriptions have pointed out the role of general practitioners and specialists in each system. The medical career in france was examined according to the game theory (von neumann and morgenstern) in order to discuss the medical curriculum efficacy on the running of hospitals and the primary care system. The healthcare expenditure policy has allowed to describe the methods and tools which are used to control the care supply and the demand of the population. Two reform tendancies were identified : the social coverage and the healthcare coverage reforms. The consequences of these measures concern the rationing of heath care and the setting up of dominant oligopoly. The experiences of rationalisation and incentive measures concerning hospitals, the primary care system, medication were discussed. The methods and tools used in the countries with a market economy are mainly macro-economic financial incentives. In order to reduce their consequences, incentives concerning quality of care are developed : hospital accreditation, clinical guide-lines. The organisation of medical specialties in hospitals was studied, using the theories of negociation and incitation. This study concerning five countries has demonstrated a convergent policy in rationalising the healthcare sector, taking into consideration the financial constraint, the history of the social system and the role of the medical doctor. The example of the reforms set up in an european eastern country dealing with the market economy confirms this tendancy
Durand-Zaleski, Isabelle. "Approche économique de la pathologie coronarienne." Paris 9, 1992. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1992PA090036.
Full textWe computed the cost-effectiveness ratios of medical interventions designed to prevent and treat coronary heart disease. Our population model is composed of three sub-groups: "rsik factors", "coronary stenosis" and "post myocardial infarction". The inteventions assessed are: drug therapy, thrombolysis, angiopolasty and coronary bypass. The costeffectiveness of these interventions varies between 10,000 and 100,000 french francs per additional year of life expectancy, 20,000 and 200,000 french franc per qaly. Cost-effectiveness ratios enable a profit-maximizer decision maker to allocate production factor in order to maximize the total social gain of years of life or qalys