Journal articles on the topic 'Economics - Sociological aspects'
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1
Taghi Sheykhi, Mohammad. "Relationship of Demography with Other Sciences: A Sociological Appraisal." International Education Studies and Sustainability 3, no. 1 (April 3, 2023): p26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/iess.v3n1p26.
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Demography as a dynamic discipline is highly related with other sciences; especially social sciences. It helps other sciences, and is benefited by other sciences too. Demography being statistics-based, widely helps economics, sociology, social development, geography and many other sciences. Sociology proves how integration of sciences help in the development of societies in general. Social change happening in various dimensions, is in need of a close relationship of demography and other social sciences. Social science which deals human behavior in the changing social environment is a part of expanding knowledge. Demography is the science that analyzes the size, structure of human community, are aspects of biological, geographical, economic, etc. Geography also being the science related to natural environment is widely related to sociology.
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Kholili, Muhammad. "SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAMIC BANKING WITHIN THE LEGAL SYSTEM IN INDONESIA." Journal of Sharia Economics 4, no. 2 (November 15, 2023): 187–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/jose.v4i2.3413.
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The development of Islamic Financial Institutions (LKS), particularly Islamic banks, in Indonesia has seen significant growth, especially following the enactment of Law No. 21 of 2008 on Islamic Banking and Supreme Court Regulation (PERMA) No. 2 of 2008 on Shariah Economic Dispute Resolution. With the increasing number of institutions operating based on Shariah principles, various new issues related to Shariah compliance have arisen.Fatwas issued by the DSN-MUI hold legal authority in determining Shariah aspects in the economy, including banking. On the other hand, Shariah Economic Dispute Resolution (KHES) plays a role as a social control tool to manage practices not compliant with Islamic commercial law, especially in economics. This research, a descriptive qualitative study with a normative sociological approach, utilizes codified legal sources like KHES and DSN-MUI fatwas. The results suggest that, from a sociological perspective, KHES was developed as a response to the evolving landscape of Shariah economic practices requiring a legal framework. Stakeholders in Shariah economics and finance are expected to actively contribute to its improvement. DSN-MUI fatwas, in a social context, provide a solution for addressing non-compliant financial institutions, reconciling differences among scholars, and promoting Islamic principles in economics and finance.
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Sheykhi, Mohammad Taghi. "Asian Perspective of Population 2019: A Sociological Appraisal." SIASAT 4, no. 2 (April 28, 2020): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/siasat.v4i2.50.
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The present attempt fulfills the urgent need of researchers in the valuable field of sociology, economics and statistics. The author has gathered the material from various sources of population data. As data on fertility, mortality and migration are ever changing, sociologists and demographers need to compare and analyze population change and structure every now and then, to introduce and build up new strategies leading to favorable population status. In this way, remedies and reforms could be reached wherever possible. In order to enable the readers to have a comparative image of growth of population in Asia, an abridged table has been provided. Such a comparative study is necessary to understand population problems in Asia with about 60% of world population. Factors affecting population distribution are know as geographic, social, economic and demographic. One of the most important aspects of population study in modern time is the tempo of urbanization which is the result of population growth.
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Sheykhi, Mohammad Taghi. "Asian Perspective of Population 2019: A Sociological Appraisal." SIASAT 5, no. 2 (April 28, 2020): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/siasat.v5i2.50.
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The present attempt fulfills the urgent need of researchers in the valuable field of sociology, economics and statistics. The author has gathered the material from various sources of population data. As data on fertility, mortality and migration are ever changing, sociologists and demographers need to compare and analyze population change and structure every now and then, to introduce and build up new strategies leading to favorable population status. In this way, remedies and reforms could be reached wherever possible. In order to enable the readers to have a comparative image of growth of population in Asia, an abridged table has been provided. Such a comparative study is necessary to understand population problems in Asia with about 60% of world population. Factors affecting population distribution are know as geographic, social, economic and demographic. One of the most important aspects of population study in modern time is the tempo of urbanization which is the result of population growth.
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Panteeva, Sophia A., and Igor M. Shiriaev. "Sociological Studies on Russian Innovation System and Narrative Economics Approach." Journal of Economic Regulation 12, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 006–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17835/2078-5429.2021.12.4.006-024.
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The article aims to review studies of various aspects of the Russian innovation system, which were conducted under the auspices of the leading sociological centers of the Russian Federation, in order to identify and compare the heuristic potential of the methodical and methodological approaches and models applied, as well as to conduct a secondary analysis of the empirical data obtained through them. Materials of research conducted at the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the National Research University Higher School of Economics, the Russian Public Opinion Research Center, the Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Association of Innovative Regions of Russia are used in the present study. A secondary analysis of the considered empirical data and approaches to their analysis in the context of improving the heuristic potential of the narrative institutional analysis of the Russian innovation system is carried out. The paper demonstrates that the consistency of narratives and studied data, including indicators of official statistics, is ambiguous. The article considers the interrelation of indicators and narratives about certain problematic issues such as the volume and sources of innovation funding, the importance of intellectual property rights registration for the innovation implementation, the need for long-term planning for the implementation of innovations, the state's focus on stimulation of innovation, the most and least innovative industries and types of economic activities.
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Golczyńska-Grondas, Agnieszka, and Marek Grondas. "Biographical Research and Treatment. Some Remarks on Therapeutic Aspects of Sociological Biographical Interviews." Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej 9, no. 4 (November 30, 2013): 28–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8069.9.4.03.
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The article is a result of the discussion between the sociologists and professional psychotherapist. The authors’ aim is to consider therapeutic functions of biographical interviewing with reference to professional psychological treatment assumptions. Therapeutic aspects of the narrator–scientist encounter are especially important in the research on traumatic collective and individual experiences (such as wars, exile, disability, poverty, etc.), when informants recall painful memories or talk about the distressing present. In the article, the issues of scientific and psychological treatment aims are discussed, as well as problems regarding the relationship between narrator–patient and researcher–therapist, and professional skills in the area of biographical interviewing and psychotherapy. Also, the authors consider potential advisability of “therapeutic” interventions undertaken by a researcher in the sociological interview course in the context of ethical principles and their presumable impact on narrators’ biographical and identity work resulting from the participation in the interview. The indepth biographical interviews and narrative interviews collected in the project “Institutionalized identity? The processes of identity development on the basis of biographies rendered by adults raised in residential care,” Lodz, Poland 2011-2013” will provide the empirical background for our considerations.
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Quchqorova, Nargiza. "Components and criteria of economic culture of future teachers." E3S Web of Conferences 402 (2023): 08003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340208003.
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This article provides an integrated description of the teachings of Eastern and Western pedagogical psychologists on economics and economic culture, economic culture, a comprehensive approach to this process in relation to philosophical, legal, economic, sociological, psychological and pedagogical aspects. information is required. The components of economic culture are defined as economic education, economic education, economic activity, and the criteria for the development of economic culture: cognitive, motivational, creative-activity, and on the basis of these criteria are identified indicators corresponding to three (high, medium and low) levels. It has been proven that the formation of financial literacy of future educators is a social necessity.
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Morton, Adam David. "The Limits of Sociological Marxism?" Historical Materialism 21, no. 1 (2013): 129–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569206x-12341284.
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Abstract Within the agenda of historical-materialist theory and practice Sociological Marxism has delivered a compelling perspective on how to explore and link the analysis of civil society, the state, and the economy within an explicit focus on class exploitation, emancipation, and rich ethnography. This article situates a major analysis of state formation, the rise of the Justice and Development Party (AKP), and the growth of a broader Islamist movement in Turkey within the main current of Sociological Marxism. It does so in order to critically examine the rather bold revision of the theory of hegemony at the heart of Cihan Tuğal’s Passive Revolution: Absorbing the Islamic Challenge to Capitalism, which posits the separate interaction of political society, civil society and the state in theorising hegemonic politics in Turkey. My contention is that the revision of hegemony that this analysis offers and its state-theoretical commitments are deeply problematic due to the reliance on what I term ‘ontological exteriority’, meaning the treatment of state, civil society and the economy as always-already separate spheres. The focus of the critique then moves toward highlighting a frustrating lack of direct engagement with Antonio Gramsci’s writings in this disquisition on hegemony and passive revolution, which has important political consequences. While praise for certain aspects of ethnographic and spatial analysis is raised, it is argued that any account of the reordering of hegemony and the restructuring of spatial-temporal contexts of capital accumulation through conditions of passive revolution also needs to draw from a more sophisticated state theory, a direct reading of Gramsci, and broader scalar analysis of spatial relations and uneven development under capitalism.
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Grimov, Oleg. "Commissioned educational and scientific works as a freelance activity: socio-economic aspects." Economic Annals-ХХI 186, no. 11-12 (December 28, 2020): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21003/ea.v186-17.
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Nowadays, a large segment of shadow economy is related to educational and scientific works to order. It is characterized by significant demand. Special types of social and economic entities, their practices and interactions are formed in the structure of this market. However, meaningful characteristics of such employment are virtually unexplored. It can be noted that the place of this employment in the general context of freelance is not sufficiently studied. Its professional structure, its specifics and financial and economic characteristics, as well as social values and attitudes of performers of commissioned works, are not sufficiently studied. This paper is aimed at filling these gaps. The purpose of the paper is a socio-economic analysis of employment in preparing commissioned educational and scientific works. The results of the author’s sociological study (an expert survey of work performers, N = 48), as well as statistical and secondary sociological data are given. Social and economic parameters of preparing commissioned educational and scientific works are considered. An analysis of economic characteristics of commissioned educational and scientific works was carried out; a typology of motivations of this employment is given. The author concludes that preparation of commissioned works has social and economic attractiveness for performers in the general context of informal employment. Mechanisms for professionalization and continuation of this activity are being formed, which has an impact on market and educational institutions.
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NURDINOVA, Zhanetta T., Yuriy A. KOLESNIKOV, and Alla V. KISELEVA. "About Some Ethnopolitical and Economical Aspects in the Process of State-Building of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan." Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics 10, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jarle.v10.1(39).32.
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The urgency of the issue researched is stipulated by the fact that in current conditions ethnic identity is not always dominant, much greater importance is given to the level of education and training of every individual, their communication skills etc. Meanwhile, belonging to the people’s culture, the ability to share common values and norms remain still relevant, both for the harmonization of the inner world of the personality as well as in general for the possibilities of social realization. The article highlights some ethnopolitical aspects in the process of state-building of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. The positions prevailing in the Russian, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and foreign scientific thought on the specified range of problems have been analyzed. The purpose of the article is to analyze the ethno-political processes influencing the formation of the statehood of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. In the work, complex scientific and methodological tools have been used: historical, sociological, political, institutional, comparative, system and structural-functional methods of cognition. The materials of the article suggest practical significance for university professors of sociological and legal specialties.
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Besaha, I. "THE CONCEPT OF NATURE OF W. MAICHOFER’S THINGS: EXISTENTIALIST AND SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS." Law and public administration, no. 1 (2022): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32840/pdu.2022.1.1.
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Gould, Raija. "Unemployment and disability: Some sociological aspects of withdrawal from the labour market." International Social Security Review 38, no. 1 (January 1985): 20–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-246x.1985.tb00848.x.
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Краюшкина, Елена, Elena Krayushkina, О. Секенова, and O. Sekenova. "Legal Knowledge As an Institutional Factor of Market Economics Development in Russian Empire (Tula Entrepreneurs Activity in the Second Half of the 19th Century — the Beginning of 20th Century As an Example)." Scientific Research and Development. Economics 6, no. 6 (January 23, 2019): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5c1b746750e986.41248438.
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New economic history is a modern stream in the economic theory research, which combines institutional and interdisciplinary approach and is based on economical, sociological and historical-anthropological research methods. Regional aspect of economic history research allows to analyze the problems of legal consciousness and legal culture among Russian entrepreneurs during the industrial revolution from the sight of micro historical approach. This research is focused on the ways of commercial conflicts solution, attitude towards the patent law, as well as competitive methods among the entrepreneurs in Tula as the representative aspects of market economy formation in regions during the modernization.
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Babovic, Marija. "Gender and economic inequalities: Trends in feminist economics and sociology at the centre and semi-periphery of the global knowledge production system." Sociologija 60, no. 1 (2018): 11–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc1801011b.
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Main objective of this article is to provide an overview of the state of art in the feminist perspectives in the study of gender economic inequalities. The feminist perspectives in sociology and then economics (late 1960s and 1970s), brought radical change in the study of intersection between economic and gender inequalities (in case of economy) and gender, economic inequalities and class (in case of sociology). During this stage instigated by the rise of Second Wave Feminism, fundamental critics of capitalist societies, that generate and reproduce gender inequalities through economic sphere was developed, with simultaneous critics of key social disciplines that were omitting to see the role of gender inequalities for the reproduction of the system and existing power relations. The aim of this article is to provide overview of contemporary state of art in the feminist economics and feminist sociology in regard to gender economic inequalities. The analysis is focused on thematic and geographical scope of articles published in two international journals with high impact: ?Feminist Economics? and ?Gender and Society?. The aim is to obtain insights in significance ascribed to economic inequalities within the broader studies of gender, economy and society. This is initial stage of broader research focused on differences in knowledge production on gender economic inequalities among the scholars from center, semi-periphery and periphery of the global system, which is more focused on substantive aspects - interpretation of causes, forms and consequences of gender economic inequalities in societies with different position in the world capitalist system and at the same time in the global system of knowledge production. The second line of the analysis includes insights in the state of art in Serbia, based on two leading sociological journals: ?Sociology? and ?Sociological Review?, and two leading economic journals: ?Economic Annals? and ?Economic Ideas and Practice?. The analysis is conducted on the journal volumes published during 2013-2017.
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Pankratova, Liliia S. "Sociological View on Culture as Factor of Psychological Aspects of the Family Health and Sexual Relationships." Общество: социология, психология, педагогика, no. 4 (2023): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24158/spp.2023.4.10.
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Al-Khudairy, Saleh I. A. "Theories of Migration: Sociological and Conceptual Dilemmas." European Journal of Sustainable Development 13, no. 1 (February 1, 2024): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2024.v13n1p31.
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The aim of this study is to introduce to the researchers' migration theories in a brief and modern form. As rates of migration are increasing all over the world for different reasons it became necessary to review critically the theories that dealt with such important social phenomenon. The study is an analytical and critical study adopted the documentary research methodology and the office work and content analysis as a tool to obtain information. The study discussed many aspects of sociological theories such as definitions, typologies, areas of strength and weakness and historical development In this study theories of migration were classified into three main types: macro level theories, micro level theories, and the ones, which attempts to bridge the gap between these levels.
Keywords: Migration, Migration theories, Macro Theories, Micro Theories, Typology
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Chen, Wenwei. "Reproduction of Labor Resources: On the Issue of a Sociological Approach." Общество: социология, психология, педагогика, no. 6 (June 28, 2023): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24158/spp.2023.6.11.
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The article presents the experience of applying sociological analysis in relation to one of the central concepts of labor economics – the reproduction of labor resources. Accordingly, the three stages of this phenomenon – formation, distribution and usage – are characterized by the processes occurring at each of the designated stages. The importance of paying attention to these social aspects of the implementation of the stages of re-production processes in the field of labor resources for a more balanced consideration and coordination of the interests of social groups to solve problems in the labor sphere is shown. The discussion of the issue of work-ing time duration from the perspective of historical concepts (K. Marx, E. Durkheim) and modern scientific community is considered. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that reproduction of labor resources is impossible without compliance with a number of conditions, including the optimal ratio of material remuneration and quali-fication of an employee, providing opportunities for professional growth and accumulation of knowledge, set-ting standards for working hours based on labor productivity.
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Naz, Farah, and Dieter Bögenhold. "A contested terrain: Re/conceptualising the well-being of homeworkers." Economic and Labour Relations Review 29, no. 3 (June 11, 2018): 328–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035304618782052.
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Disenchantment with traditional income-based measures of well-being has led to the search for alternative measures. Two major alternative measures of well-being come from subjective well-being research and the objective capability approach. The capability approach has been largely discussed in the context of development studies and economics and is mainly used within quantitative frameworks, but it also raises many questions that are worthy of discussion from a sociological perspective as well. This study opts for a qualitative approach to transpose capability approach in order to assess the well-being of female homeworkers in the football industry of Pakistan. The aim of this empirical research is to focus on the capabilities of homeworkers in accessing economic, individual, social and psychological aspects of well-being.
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Luayyin, Reza Hilmy, Mohammad Arifin, and Muhammad Nabat Ardli. "MAKNA “AL-IQTIṢÂD ” DAN KORELASINYA DENGAN EKONOMI KONTEMPORER (TELA’AH AYAT-AYAT EKONOMI)." JSE: Jurnal Sharia Economica 3, no. 1 (January 30, 2024): 31–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.46773/jse.v3i1.1086.
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Many communities still misconception the concept of Islamic economics. In fact, a significant portion of the Muslim population itself is somewhat unfamiliar with the terms associated with Islamic economics. The terms "Qaṣd" or "al-Iqtiṣâd," which form the basis for translating economics in Islam, remain a subject of debate among experts. The definition of "Qaṣd" or "al-Iqtiṣâd" serves as the foundation for the economic thought of scholars. The Islamic economic system is derived from the Qur'an, serving as the fundamental basis for Muslims. This research utilizes a qualitative descriptive approach, employing normative analysis and falling under the category of literature-based research. The study focuses on examining the fundamental meaning of economics in Islam and its correlation with contemporary economics. The results from data analysis and discussions indicate: 1) The meaning of "Qaṣd" or "al-Iqtiṣâd" in the Qur'an has four dimensions, namely simplicity, straightness, moderation (justice), and proximity (not too distant). 2) The concept of contemporary Islamic economics implies that the Islamic economic system is grounded in Sharia to construct the worldview of individuals, policies, and goals different from the dominating capitalist and sociological (communist) economic systems. 3) The correlation of the terms "Qaṣd" or "al-Iqtiṣâd" with contemporary economics is inherent in the Islamic economic system itself, which should ideally be ingrained in economic activities and be based on values or divine norms as the foundation for all aspects of life. When divine norms or values serve as the foundation, balance and prosperity in both the worldly and the hereafter can be achieved.
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Harisah, Harisah, Inti Ulfi Sholichah, Sri Ramdhayanti, and Aliyeva Patimat Shapiulayevna. "Creative Economic Development in Islamic Economic Perspective on The Welfare of Society (Study on Ieko Queen Eceng Creamers, Sahabat Alam Kunciran Jaya, Tangerang)." JES (Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah) 7, no. 2 (August 23, 2022): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.30736/jes.v7i2.438.
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The problem in this study inspires creative economic development activities aimed at improving the well-being of the water hyacinth craftsmen community in Situ Cipondoh. The water hyacinth plant can be transformed into a variety of marketable handicrafts. This has become a popular destination for both locals and visitors from other parts of the country. The purpose of this research is to determine the development of the creative economy in improving the economic welfare of water hyacinth craftsmen in Ieko Ratu Eceng Sahabat Alam, Situ Cipondoh, Kunciran Jaya, Tangerang in terms of Islamic economic aspects in Indonesia. This study employed interview techniques and field surveys with a sociological approach, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. To get specific conclusions, it refers to literature studies based on the texts of the Quran and hadith and then analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques according to Islamic economics. Thus, this research shows that the creative economy development carried out by the Kunciran Jaya community through Ieko Ratu Eceng Sahabat Alam by utilizing water hyacinth into various kinds of handicrafts can improve the economic welfare of the Situ Cipondoh community. Besides that, in the view of Islamic economics, these activities are highly recommended and allowed because they are following the basic values of Islamic economics in Indonesia.
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Sirkeci, Ibrahim. "Editorial: Launching Migration and Diversity." Migration & Diversity 1, no. 1 (November 19, 2022): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/md.v1i1.2848.
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Migration and Diversity is a well-needed journal dedicated to a major area of scholarship within Migration Studies. As a sub-field, Migration and Diversity brings together many disciplinary perspectives to understand migration and ethnic, religious, cultural diversity and the repercussions of such diversity. At the same time, this field expands into the diversity of migration. The focus is not just on sociological aspects, patterns and processes but also the reflection on economics, finance, business, arts, history, law, education, geography, and politics and governance.
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Nigg, Claudio, Markus Tilp, Günter Amesberger, Carol Ewing Garber, Thomas Finkenzeller, Martin Keller, Christine Pellegrini, et al. "Current Issues in Sport Science." Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS) 7 (November 21, 2022): 006. http://dx.doi.org/10.36950/2022ciss006.
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CISS welcomes and encourages articles addressing a broad range of topics across sport science which include but is not limited to genetic, biological, physical, physiological, psychological, pedagogical, sociological, environmental, policy among other aspects. In this editorial, we highlight several topics of interest for each of our sections within CISS: biology & medicine, biomechanics & informatics, movement & exercise science, pedagogy & history, psychology & philosophy, public health, sociology & economics and technology. We hope to motivate you and your colleagues to join us in advancing the field of sport science.
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Батухтин, А., and A. Batuhtin. "Phenomenon of Risk in Some Theories of the Humanities Knowledge." Scientific Research and Development. Socio-Humanitarian Research and Technology 6, no. 3 (October 12, 2017): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_59d788600335a7.64460840.
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The modern world is full of risks, so the theory of risk, its properties and processes of management, are nowadays of particular interest. There are many theories, which contain different concepts and identifies the fundamental characteristics of this phenomenon. This paper aims to study the processes of effective risk management and prediction of the future, an important task of social management. The article discusses the postmodern (sociological) and perceptibility (psychology) risk-taking. Sociological theories of the postmodern approach to the concept of “risk” through the analysis of social relations. In turn, perceptivity approach treats risk through the “behavioral aspects” of human existence. The task of this article is to define the properties of risk in sociological theories and the search for such properties, the risk that would be inherent in any type of society. Analyzed the risk profile, offered by postmodern theory by U. Beck, N. Luhmann and A. Giddens, with the result that the basic properties of the risk applying to the Foundation. As well as identified behavioral aspects of risk that were considered in the context perceptivities approach, in D. Kahneman and A. Tversky. In the end, we offer a conclusion that common property, as an individual and the society as a system in General is an irrational risk aversion. This property does not depend on the era and type of society and retains its relevance from ancient times to the present day. The results obtained in this article can find its practical application in Sciences such as social philosophy, political science, management, Economics, psychology, sociology. Highlighted in the sociology of properties of a society built on risk, can be useful indicators or explanations of any of the events. In political science, Economics and management knowledge of the characteristics of the risk society (modern society) and people's attitude to risk will provide an advantage and will indicate any possible human behavior that will help in prediction and management. And this, in turn, could facilitate the implementation of industrial, corporate, or state objectives.
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Ribeiro, Raquel Barbosa, and Isabel Soares. "Insights and directions for sociological approaches to saving: The case of a Financial Education Programme for children in Portugal." Journal of Consumer Culture 17, no. 3 (March 2, 2016): 845–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469540516634411.
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The recent contexts of financial and economic crises have fostered discourses and initiatives for encouraging people to save. Despite there being, for the sake of sustainability, a generalized support to educational measures for increasing savings from early childhood, a complete understanding of why and how people save has not yet been attained. The absence of sociological attention to the engagement of consumers in such financial decisions is particularly scant. This article takes the case-study of a financial education programme for children to suggest future directions for the sociological investigation of savings. Literature review and the analysis of a Portuguese programme revealed a clear absence of sociological insights in financial education programmes’ contents and procedures. However, sociological research has already come to relevant findings about social aspects and processes of financial decisions that allow for a better understanding of how consumers, and children in particular, learn about and behave in relation to money, consumption and savings. In our view, the study of savings should pay more attention to several adjoining, concurrent and complimentary practices encompassed in the consumption process. This article contributes not only to fill in the literature gaps identified by the study, but also to counter-offer non-judgemental research regarding current literature on the subject.
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Rutkiene, Ausra, and Ilona Tandzegolskiene. "APPROACHES TO THE LEADERSHIP IN EDUCATION." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 1 (May 28, 2021): 549–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2021vol1.6374.
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The concept of leadership in education has been influenced by several disciplines: sociology, psychology, political science, economics, philosophy (Simkins, 2005, English, 2006). The development of the concept of leadership has also been greatly influenced by the analysis of organizational systems from a sociological perspective (English, 2006).The analysis of scientific literature shows that the concept of leadership in education is analyzed and presented by many authors from different points of view. Leadership in education is analyzed by emphasizing the position of administration and management, reviewing changes in the school system and leadership models that help to implement systemic changes in school, focusing on the learning process and curriculum development, emphasizing leadership in higher education, narrative, historical context, and meta-analysis.The results of the focus group with higher education staff show that leadership in higher education covers a wide range of activities: administration, management, teaching, research, supervision of final theses, decision-making in projects - basically sociological, political, administrative, philosophical aspects of leadership are incorporated.
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Kirichenko, I. "Finland's Innovation Policy: Sociohumanitarian Aspects." World Economy and International Relations 65, no. 12 (2021): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-12-61-67.
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Modern society faces large-scale challenges associated with the digitalization of economic and social processes, especially at its new stage – the development and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. The point is that the use of AI entails great ethical risks, since creates an opportunity for non-observance of human rights to privacy. In Finland, a country that has been pursuing an innovation policy closely linked to socio-economic policies that responds to social challenges for several decades, this problem is widely discussed and strives to minimize and even eliminate the above risks in decisions on research and development (R&D) policy. Therefore, R&D in the field of AI technologies is carried out in Finland at the intersection of computer, mathematical and humanitarian sciences, since one of the most important issues of its application is the question of how moral and ethical its results will be. In this regard, the analysis and understanding of Finland’s experience in this area is important and necessary. Finland has traditionally in recent decades prioritized the humanitarian component in the formation of innovation policy. The technological component was viewed through the prism of social problems that should be resolved in the course of economic development, the main driver of which is innovation processes. This approach is determined by the country’s social development model. The openness of public administration, the high role of the country’s citizens in making the most important strategic decisions, the social responsibility of business, taking into account the opinion of the expert community leads to a balanced promotion of technologies in the economy. Of course, opportunities for innovative development “with a human face” from time to time run into economic constraints – which was clearly manifested, for example, during a pandemic. Nevertheless, when it comes to digitalization and the use of AI, the Finnish state and society continue to strive to ensure the presumption of morality and ethics in the implementation of these technologies. The country is conducting humanitarian and sociological research in this area, as well as developing mechanisms for managing the ethics and morality of AI. The country strives to become a leader not only in AI technologies, but also in developing the principles of preserving the humanitarian and moral values that Finland shares with Europe.
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Горбунова, Быкова, Гагринская, and Калмыкова. "EFFICIENT INTERACTION EXPERIENCE BETWEEN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS AND REGIONAL EMPLOYERS IN “PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT”." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 2, no. 2 (April 10, 2013): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/278.
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Some aspects related to the concept of eff ective cooperation between employers and Personnel Management School of Science based on “Economics and Organization Management” Chair of SamSTU are considered in this article. The results of sociological research related to labor market and higher education, which allowed the authors to determine the most popular in innovation economy forms of cooperation between enterprises and high education institution during the training of students in “Personnel Management” direction, are presented. Comparing the world development trends, requirements of employers and state requirements for young professionals the authors emphasize a number of key requirements for bachelors in this direction.
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Mazhara, Glib, and Volodymyr Kapustian. "BEHAVIORAL COMPONENTS IN RELATIONSHIPS OF ECONOMIC AGENTS (EXAMPLE OF THE UKRAINIAN CAR MARKET)." EUREKA: Social and Humanities 2 (March 31, 2020): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5571.2020.001184.
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In neoclassical economics a concept of individual is seen as a logical thinking machine, which accurately analyzes all information received and, based on it, makes decisions that maximize his/her personal gain and minimize risks while achieving his/her goals. Such behavior of a person is called rational. Such concept serves as a source of neoclassicism for the construction of supply and demand models, operation of tax systems, business cycles, inflation etc. It was not accepted to pay attention to the psychology of decision-making, it was believed, that these transient, random factors pale against the grandeur of economic incentives. Psychologists are interested in solutions that are emotional, casual, pursued by some sort of cultural ideas, norms, rules, and may even be phobias, conversely economics is the science of rational behavior. The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the behavioral components and their influence on the interaction of economic agents in the commodity market. The study used methods of constructing a multivariate regression model, OLS, Student and Fisher criteria, statistical research, sociological surveys and expert opinion. Authors will analyze the behavioral aspects of market relationships on the example of used car market in Ukraine This paper provides several different situations and tested them with real market data to demonstrate that both buyers and sellers may not act rationally on the market, set prices, based on their personal beliefs, subjective and psychological factors and that must be considered when building economical models.
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Ramos, Rodrigo Ramos, and Vitor Eduardo Schincariol. "Exploring the correlation between votes for Bolsonaro and deaths by Covid-19 in Brazil, 2018-2022." Revista Brasileira de História & Ciências Sociais 14, no. 28 (September 1, 2022): 384–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/rbhcs.v14i28.14419.
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The article describes the following aspects regarding the pandemic of Covid-19 in Brazil: 1. the positive statistical correlation between votes for Bolsonaro in the 2018’s presidential elections and deaths caused by Covid-19, at the descriptive level of federal units; 2. the uncorrelated relation between votes for Bolsonaro and the popular adhesion to the vaccination campaign after June 2021; 3. the drop in death rates after June 2021 and the persistence of the correlation between proportional deaths and votes after it. In light of this empirical analysis, we suggest some paths for future historical and sociological research on the causal mechanisms for this apparent association.
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Nardo, Massimo. "Mapping the trails of financial crime." Journal of Financial Crime 12, no. 2 (December 31, 2004): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13590790510624918.
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Outlines a modelling approach which gives a powerful conceptual tool for both fact‐finding and problem‐solving, with the objective of defeating organised crime by prediction and prevention. Indicates all aspects that can give useful information about the financial system’s functioning; these include the legal and organisational framework, professional expertise, economic analysis, sociological studies, and statistical analysis, and shows how they can be integrated to allow the setting out of a three‐pronged kit of instruments ‐ a map of possible transactions, a data set that can be organised heuristically for modelling, and a range of criteria for behaviour motivation.
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Montayev, Ardak Bazarbekovich, Mansya Sapargalievna Sadyrova, Assel Sarsenova, and Nazym Utegalievna Shedenova. "Gender Aspects of Mutual Effectiveness of Socio-Economic Strategies for Choice of Profession and Employment of Young Specialists." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 11, no. 2 (March 5, 2022): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2022-0051.
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The present study aims to identify the gender characteristics of professional orientations and strategies for building a professional career by young professionals. Based on sociological data, the author examines the main ways and features of youth employment according to the chosen profession. Informal employment channels through acquaintances and social networking are more effective than formal. Young women are more likely to face barriers to employment due to a lack of practical work skills and length of service. Young men more often point to the lack of demand for their profession in the labor market and are more oriented on financial standing.
Received: 26 July 2021 / Accepted: 12 February 2022 / Published: 5 March 2022
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Savenko, Natalya E. "Legal regulation of independent activity of individuals: socio-economic aspects." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Pravo, no. 47 (2022): 214–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22253513/47/15.
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The article examines the axiological, socio-economic value of law in regulating the independent activity of individuals on the basis of legislation and doctrine. Attention is focused on the fact that law is a social regulator. The relevance of the study is dictated by the fact that at the legislative level, ensuring the growth of incomes of the population, increasing the number of employed people through the development of entrepreneurship and self-employment is ranked as national goals and strategic objectives for the development of Russia. Based on an interdisciplinary approach (using categories and tools from the field of sociology, philosophy, economics and law), a historical and dogmatic approach, the essence and significance of the independent activity of individuals in its various forms is investigated. It is shown that at present there is an urgent need to use sociological, philosophical approaches in the study of certain socio-legal phenomena. This will in a certain way contribute to the effectiveness of legal regulation of independent activity of individuals. The article proves that the legislator, when establishing legal regimes for certain forms of independent activity of citizens, does not take into account the essence and significance of this activity in the universal (philosophical, psychological) and social aspects, as well as the postulates of justice and morality. In this connection, the classification of forms of independent activity of individuals is proposed. Taking into account the national priorities and strategic objectives of Russia, the author divides the independent activity of individuals into individual entrepreneurial activity, professional activity and self-employment (in a narrow sense) according to the criteria: socio-psychological characteristics of subjects, economic prerequisites and legal conditions of activity in a specific form; conditions of responsibility of subjects for obligations in civil turnover. The conclusions formulated in this study are aimed at expanding the understanding of the independent activity of individuals from the perspective of law and society in the context of the legal modernization of the forms of activity of the Russian population.
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Vogler, Carolyn. "Social Identity and Emotion: The Meeting of Psychoanalysis and Sociology." Sociological Review 48, no. 1 (February 2000): 19–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-954x.00201.
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This paper attempts to develop a framework for understanding social identities by linking together ideas from two disciplines which are normally pursued separately from each other namely, sociology and psychoanalysis. Drawing on the work of Craib (1989, 1994, 1998a) Bion (1961) and Scheff (1994a) in psychoanalysis and Mann (1986, 1993a, 1995, 1997) in sociology, the main argument is that social identities such as national identity are not just the result of sociological factors such as social classification, boundaries and processes of identification, they also have an important emotional dimension which coexists with but cannot be reduced to the social. In order to understand the persistence and indeed strengthening of nationalism and national identities in the contemporary world, we need to take account not just of changes in the inter-relationships between economics, politics and culture at the global level, but also of the ways in which they may now be coming to inter-relate with the kind of unconscious psychological processes and strong emotions such as love, hate, shame and anger, which occur within groups. The paper begins with a critique of existing sociological approaches to identity followed by an attempt to develop an alternative approach based on the psychoanalytic concept of emotional inter-subjectivity. By means of a case study of British trade unions in the 1980's and 1990's, it then goes on to show how unconscious psychological processes and strong feelings may now be articulating with sociological processes to form a mutually reinforcing loop which is strengthening and reinforcing nationalism in a sociological context in which other aspects of society are globalising. Finally, it is suggested that the reason why sociologists need to take feelings seriously in the contemporary world is that they may now be combining with sociological changes to strengthen and reinforce nationalism and the principle of nationality in situations in which it might be more productive to question it.
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Stryhul, M. V., O. A. Khomeriki, Yu I. Yakovenko, A. K. Yakovenko, and Yu V. Romanenko. "The culture of aviation security through the prism of sociological analysis." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 07002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125807002.
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The aim of the article is to demonstrate the relevance of the usage of sociological knowledge for the development of aviation safety culture through the safety and security, Sociology of Safety and Sociology of Transport as an integral part of applying a systematic approach for strengthening the aviation safety. In the situation of globalization of the world, the structure of sociological knowledge in the XXI century is very branched. However, Ukraine has its own popular list of special and branch sociologies, which meets the specific challenges of the time of modernization of Ukrainian society. The goals of the industrial stage of its development stimulated the formation of Sociology of Labor, changing the focus of the goals of the economy from the basics of planning to market. That gave a powerful impact on the formation of Sociology of the Economics, the market, the individual, and so on. There were not identified the conditions, circumstances that should determine the application of the potential of sociology to comprehend any direction of human activity. Sociologists strive not to lose the integrity of reflection, as social science always gains more power, accumulating both empirical material and theoretical generalizations on significantly different aspects of social life, which can be taken into account in the development of each sociological industry. Therefore, security contains resistance to the Sociology of Safety, Sociology of Technology, Sociology of Transport, etc. Accumulation of such knowledge with necessity leads to synergistic effect and the growth of a culture of safety in aviation.
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Petrova, Elena V., Ayuna V. Biltrikova, and Irina N. Dashibalova. "Social Well-Being of Buryatia Residents (Based on the Materials of a Sociological Study in 2023)." Общество: социология, психология, педагогика, no. 12 (December 27, 2023): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24158/spp.2023.12.2.
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The article deals with the social well-being of the residents of Buryatia in modern socio-political conditions. The content and conclusions are based on the results of a sociological study conducted in Buryatia in 2023. The article analyzes the indicators characterizing the social well-being of the respondents: the level of social opti-mism, social security, satisfaction with living conditions, the rating of the most serious problems that cause con-cern. It has been established that despite the difficult situation in general within the country and in the world, the existing problems, residents of the republic demonstrate optimism in assessing their future, without feeling much concern for the safety of themselves and their families. At the same time, in the ranking of the main re-gional problems and aspects of life that cause the least satisfaction, the leaders are such as increasing prices for food and essential goods; medical care, its quality, payment; increasing tariffs for housing and communal services; pollution environment, environmental problems; availability of money. It is concluded that it is neces-sary to implement measures to improve the level and quality of life in the region, which will contribute to main-taining a high level of social well-being and reducing the degree of migration attitudes of the population.
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Zinovyeva, Nadezhda A. "Game streams and let’s play: Perspectives of a sociological analysis." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology 13, no. 4 (2020): 460–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2020.407.
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The article provides an overview of research devoted to the popular practice of watching game streams and let’s play. The goal is to outline the “points of growth” for sociological analytics of the new field. Streams and let’s play videos are divided according to the criterion of online and offline communication: streams are created and shown synchronously online, and let’s play videos are recorded and edited offline. Today, both of these kinds of videos are integrated into the computer game industry, and the emergence of comments for the public date back to television shows. Based on the research results, it is possible to speak about the social structure of streams and let’s play videos — the leading role of the gamer or commentator and the community that is developing around his channel. Although the text of a computer game is the basis for comments, it still does not cover the entire topic of communication between a streamer/let’s play creator and the audience. Analysts think that computer game commenting is a form of resistance to the direct consumption of a computer game. The comment content often reflects not only the gaming experience, but the current agenda — politics, economics, and popular culture. Thus, the most popular streamers/let’s play creators become opinion leaders, their status is similar to that of other media celebrities who are at the center of a parasocial relationship. Viewers of game streams/let’s play videos form online communities with common interests, skills, and knowledge. Immersion in one information environment, understanding of its language and other symbols strengthens the feeling of belonging to a group of “friends”. The author’s contribution consists in the systematization of the research experience on the problems of social aspects of commenting on computer games and in substantiating the sociological approach to this practice as a space for the life of new teams.
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Maulidi, Ach. "When and why (honest) people commit fraudulent behaviours?" Journal of Financial Crime 27, no. 2 (January 13, 2020): 541–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-05-2019-0058.
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Purpose This study aims to provide theoretical and empirical insights concerning how macro-level characteristics influence micro-psychological characteristics, in perpetrating fraudulent behaviours. This is because many fraud studies have mainly been focussed on the solo psychological aspects of the offender, rather than the social environments. This study also makes clear that fraudulent behaviours are different from delinquencies. Design/methodology/approach This research is focussed on the big bureaucratic scandals, occurring in Indonesia. The authors chose Indonesia because it places one of the corrupt countries in The Association of Southeast Asian Nations countries. To achieve the goals, the authors used the ethnographic approach by conducting an exclusive interview with 30 elite executives from the Government of Indonesia. Findings This study finds a deeper understanding of the root causes of fraud committed by individuals and co-offenders, in which micro-psychological, situational, sociological and criminological aspects are linked together. Originality/value This study contains provocative findings that can stimulate a critical understanding of the psychological aetiology of an individual’s intention to perpetrate partial fraud or to co-offend.
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Stewart, Simon, and Rita Ribeiro. "Culture(s) on the Margins: An Introduction." Journal of Cultural Analysis and Social Change 8, no. 2 (December 30, 2023): 08. http://dx.doi.org/10.20897/jcasc/14061.
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Sociologists and those working in related disciplines have often found more of interest on the margins than in the centre. It is where innovation takes place, where the new replaces the outmoded, where ‘outsider’ or heterodox voices challenge the orthodoxy, and where culture creators are most able to follow the laws inherent to their specific region of the cultural field. The margins are where you will find ‘underground’ or ‘cutting edge’ scenes. Moreover, ethnographic traditions in sociological research have produced fine-grained accounts of cultures of subaltern, subcultural, diasporic groups, and the ways in which these groups and individuals engage in counter-hegemonic practices. At the same time, sociologists have also drawn attention to how those occupying the margins of societal fields are characterised in terms of lack: dominated individuals and groups lack the requisite cultural capital or social connections to get on in life. This special issue, which derives from discussions held at the Culture(s) on the Margins mid-term Sociology of Culture Research Network (European Sociological Association) conference at University of Portsmouth in the summer of 2022, contributes to debates on the relatively underexplored topic of culture(s) on the margins through several conceptual and empirical interventions. In doing so, it focuses on three interrelated aspects of marginality: first, marginality as a site of domination; second, marginality as opening up spaces of resistance; and third, marginality as enabling different ways of seeing and thinking.
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Powell, Jason L., and Azrini Wahidin. "Ageing in the ‘Risk Society’." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 25, no. 8 (August 1, 2005): 70–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443330510629108.
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This article explores the concept of ‘risk’ that is both an epistemological tool and major facet of “late modernity” (Delanty, 1999). During the 1970s, the use of the notion ’risk’ was mainly confined to ‘natural sciences’, when the concept was used to analyse and improve the ‘security’ of technological systems (Giddens, 1990). According to Delanty (1999) it was not until the 1980s and 1990s that social science based ‘disciplines’ discovered the importance of the topic in relation to changes affecting modern society. In particular, the disciplinary development of Sociology, for example, has discovered ‘risk’ as one of the important aspects of neo‐liberalism and modernity (Beck, 1992; Giddens, 1990; Luhmann, 1993; Delanty, 1999). Sociological conceptions of risk are rapidly changing the role of social science (Delanty, 1999). For example, Delanty (1999) claims that there are studies on epistemology or legitimation of risk knowledge. The conflict between sociologically informed concepts of ‘risk’ and the more traditional, probabilistic calculations of risk represent a contest of competing social philosophies and visions about the future development of human and financial resources, relationship between economic growth and environmental protection, role of government and individuality, and projections and visions about the future it can be argued. A sociologically informed understanding of risk illustrates the interconnectedness of an “ageing population,” social policy and social life. From this perspective, risk is more than a calculation of costs and benefits, it is a theoretical mechanism for weighing different sets of political orientations which impinge on the positioning of individuals and populations.
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Podoinitsyna, Irina I., and Tatyana P. Egorova. "Poverty in the Yakut Arctic — the experience of sociological research." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology 16, no. 2 (2023): 197–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.206.
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The article is devoted to one of the main topics of sociology and economics — poverty and the problems of its measurement. The relevance of the topic is determined by the fact that at each new stage of the development of society, the sets of consumer goods, the thresholds for the consumption of the population are changing, therefore adequate criteria for the analysis of poverty are required. The article examines the evolution of the views on poverty of domestic and foreign scientists, focusing on new factors of income stratification: territorial factor, factor of social inclusion, spatial configuration of inequality. At the empirical level, the results of monitoring, which was conducted for several years in 13 Arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), are analyzed. The purpose of this study is to create a profile of a poor person in the Arctic (Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)) based on the results of the project “Man in the Arctic” (conducted by the Center for Strategic Studies under the Head of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)) and a number of studies conducted at the North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K.Ammosov and to study the determinants and correlates of poverty at the micro level. Accordingly, the subject of the study is the region of the Arctic zone of Russia, in particular, 13 districts that are part of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The subject of the study is the profile of a poor person in the Arctic, the main characteristics of social inequality in the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Based on analysis of statistical data, the results of sociological research, mathematical and statistical analysis of primary data, a generalized, enlarged portrait of a poor man in the Arctic was compiled. The perception of the own position of the population of the Arctic regions, self-identification is one of the important aspects of measuring poverty
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Russkikh, Sergey V., Alexander L. Lindenbraten, Liudmila I. Moskvicheva, Tatyana P. Vasilieva, Siran M. Smbatyan, and Nataliya A. Gorbacheva. "Organizational and economic aspects of standardization of processes in the healthcare system." HEALTH CARE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION 67, no. 5 (November 3, 2023): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0044-197x-2023-67-5-367-373.
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Introduction. Nowadays standardization is a necessary tool for timely response to challenges and changes, the basis for the work on patient safety, contributes to the control of staff performance, minimizes the risks of medical care.
Objective. to reveal the managing and economic aspects of standardization of processes in the healthcare system and the correctness of the use of existing regulatory documents as an algorithm for the main processes at the level of structure, at the level of process, at the level of result.
Materials and methods. By conducting surveys and in-depth interviews, various opinions on the standards of medical care of various interviewed groups were collected: undergraduates of the HSE course “Management and Economics of Healthcare”, as well as groups of territorial fund of compulsory medical insurance medical experts and “high-level” experts.
Results. The materials of the sociological survey showed a lack of knowledge, uncertainty and unpreparedness of respondents on the application of standards in the planning and provision of medical care, which indicates a lack of understanding of the use of standardization mechanisms in improving medical care. At the same time, in-depth interviews with “high-level” experts show this management tool to operate.
Limitations. The research materials are limited to the results of a survey of two groups of respondents
(78 people) conducted over the period from 09.2022 to 01.2023.
Conclusion. The standards can be successfully used in medical care planning, pricing, examinations, as well as training and training of medical personnel. In this regard, it should be concluded that there is a need for further training on the issues of professional development of a wide range of healthcare managers, as well as in the process of training specialists at all levels. As part of the recommendations, it is advisable to provide training for medical personnel on standardization issues, including connection with the examination of the quality and safety of medical care. To develop a methodological approach to improve and use the principle of standardization in the management and provision of medical care.
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Iukina, Irina. "On the Way to Women's Citizenship in Russia: the 1860s-1917." Inter 13, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 92–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/inter.2021.13.3.4.
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This article examines the development of Russian women's citizenship from the standpoint of the theory of citizenship and describes the main directions and milestones of its formation on the historical material. The article proves that the main subjects of the setting up of women's citizenship on the one hand are the women's, feminist, suffragist movement, which put the problems of its social (gender) group before the authorities and sought their solution. On the other hand, there are ‘broad masses of women’, i.e. women of various classes and social groups, who, by changing their daily practices, actually expanded their civil rights and duties. The History of Russian Women as a historical discipline in recent years has accumulated significant factual material about various aspects of the life of Russian women, which made possible such a historical and sociological analysis of the phenomenon of women's citizenship in Russia.
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Curran, James. "Rethinking Economic Structure: Exploring the Role of the Small Firm and Self-Employment in the British Economy." Work, Employment and Society 4, no. 5 (May 1990): 125–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017090004005007.
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Dominant sociological interpretations of the economic structures of industrial societies have long neglected the role of small scale economic activities. However, current rethinking, stimulated by attempts to explain economic restructuring in the 1980s, appears to offer petty capitalism and self-employment a more important role in the economy. Several versions of economic restructuring theory are examined critically and argued to continue to offer an inadequate account of the role of small scale enterprise in the economy and especially of the social reality of small scale enterprise ownership, organisational patterns and employment. Conceptual and theoretical issues relevant to a more direct focus on small scale economic activities are explored together with a review of studies of a wide range of aspects of such activities. The paper ends by arguing for the continuing importance of small scale economic activities in industrial societies and the need for analyses of economic restructuring and, more fundamentally economic sociology generally, to incorporate a proper recognition of small scale economic activities and self-employment.
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Volkov, Alexander D., Anna V. Simakova, Sergey V. Tishkov, and Maria A. Pitukhina. "PUBLIC ACTIVITY AND SOCIAL CAPITAL: REGENERATION IN AN ARCTIC SINGLE-INDUSTRY TOWN." Север и рынок: формирование экономического порядка 26, no. 1/2023 (March 27, 2023): 44–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2220-802x.1.2023.79.003.
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The transition of Arctic single-industry towns to sustainable models of local economic and community development is a daunting task, given the mutual interdependence of the local economy and the life cycle of the town’s primary employer. To achieve sustainability, the organic co-development of social and human capital is crucial. Interaction institutions formed within the framework of social activities are key components stimulating social capital development in the local community, which in turn leads to the consolidation of the human capital in the territory. The purpose of the study is to identify social activity and social capital features within the local community of Kostomuksha Urban Districtas well as migration attitudes of different population groups highly important for population replacement. The study used a range of sociological, statistical, and general research methods to reveal the social practices prevailing in the community of Kostomuksha Urban District, identify and characterize the population groups that are vital for the regeneration of social capital, and compare their migration attitudes. Based on the results of the study, conclusions were drawn about the sustainability of social capital regeneration in Kostomuksha Urban District and the influence of its aspects on the consolidation of human capital. The research reveals the need for a concentrated effort by the local government to increase local sustainability by expanding social space through involving the surrounding territories and preventing institutional distortions in upward social mobility processes. The scientific novelty of the research lies in its methodological approach, which synthesizes the role-based and temporal components of social activity in the analysis of sociological research data. Also, as a new administrative entity in the Russian Arctic and a definite exception in terms of socioeconomic development of the Arctic monotowns, Kostomuksha Urban District has been previously studied to a very limited extent. The research has practical implications for devising strategic documents for regional development and socioeconomic management of single-industry towns.
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Khisni, Akhmad. "FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE LEGAL SYSTEM OF ISLAMIC BANKING AND LEGAL DISPUTE SETTLEMENT." Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum 5, no. 2 (August 6, 2018): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.26532/jph.v5i2.3109.
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Islamic financial institutions in Indonesia are legalized in the governance of the banking law and in case of legal disputes become the absolute authority of the Religious Courts. Religious Courts readiness in responding to the development Islamic economics and resolve legal disputes are inevitable in the conduct of religious courts function as a legal institution, namely enforcement of certainty (juridical aspects) and justice (philosophical aspect), in addition to running the social aspects (sociological aspect). The position of Justice of religion as a social institution is dynamic, because of the exchange with the community dynamics that require the judge to explore, and understand the value of the law who live in the society. The implementation of Act No.3 of 2006 as amended by Act No. 50 Of 2009 regarding the Second Amendment to Act No.7 of 1989 concerning the Religious Courts, reinforced by Act No. 21 of 2008 concerning Islamic Banking. Institutional constraints faced by the Religious Court in handling cases Islamic economics is the law enforcement factors, factors of infrastructure, the judge in the religious courts appeared to be not effective due to the number of judges who have not been certified Islamic economy is still lacking, and the lack of educational and training of human resource development. In a more holistic approach to address the above problems, it is necessary reconstruction of the arrangement of the legal system and legal institutions and legal culture arrangement
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Petrova, N. G., and V. V. Gorinshtein. "Evaluation of doctors' level of proficiency, based on self-assessment." Science and Innovations in Medicine 4, no. 3 (September 15, 2019): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.35693/2500-1388-2019-4-3-41-45.
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Objectives - to assess the level of doctors' qualification by means of sociological survey. Material and methods. The study was conducted in a large city out-patient hospital, where 105 doctors of different specialities were interviewed. The respondents' average age was 44.7+1.9 years; average period of work -16.4+1.8 years. A special questionnaire comprised of 35 questions. The respondents were asked to assess, using a five-point scale, their skills and knowledge of various topics, including special clinical knowledge, prevention, sanitary-epidemiological regimen, psychology, healthcare organization and economics, legal regulation of medical activity. The statistical processing of collected data was performed with the Microsoft Office 2016 programs: Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel. Results. The average self-assessment score for various aspects ranged from 3.1 to 4.4. The lowest score was registered in the knowledge of public health organization, regulations and healthcare economics. Among the respondents, the maximum self-assessment scores were given by emergency doctors, and the lowest - by therapeutists (general practitioners). Conclusion. The revealed deficit of knowledge in some aspects (especially in matters of healthcare organization) is a factor that may impede the implementation of one of the basic principles of total quality management - the principle of staff involvement. This requires not only a review of educational programs in medical universities, but also the appropriate adjustment of the programs of postgraduate training, as well as tasks (tests, OSCE stations) performed by doctors of different specialities in the process of their accreditation.
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Nikulin, Alexander M., and Ekaterina S. Nikulina. "Chayanov’s sociology of art. [Rew.] Chayanov A.V. Selected Art Heritage. Moscow: Izdatelskiy dom TONCHU publ., 2018." Sociological Journal 25, no. 1 (2019): 178–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/socjour.2018.25.1.6286.
Full textAbstract:
A.V. Chayanov was primarily an agrarian economist, but he also possessed encyclopedic interests and knowledge and wrote a series of articles on the history of art, which reflect his peculiar sociology of art. This article is a review of the collection of works which include articles written by this outstanding social thinker. The author considers that Chayanov’s articles on the history of collecting artwork in Moscow and on the history of West-European engraving show the original features of his sociological interdisciplinary analysis. Chayanov studied various aspects of social life — history and economics, art and culture — to identify the historical-social types of collectors of fine artwork, the impact of social crises on the nature of collecting, the problems of elitism and egalitarianism in art, and the directions of people’s cultural development. All of these issues are still relevant to contemporary studies of art.
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Gavrilyuk, Tatyana. "The Working Class in the Service Sector: Outlining the Issue and Reviewing Current Sociological Discourse." Sociological Journal 27, no. 3 (September 28, 2021): 78–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/socjour.2021.27.3.8425.
Full textAbstract:
This study focuses on reviewing and analyzing the current sociological discourse devoted to the problems of routine service labor. The article reveals such aspects as the specifics of interactive service work, methods for assessing the size and composition of the service portion of the working class, how the updated properties of labor relations influence the traditional methods used by researchers to conceptualize them, the specific qualities of class consciousness inherent to the service sphere. It has been established that in foreign discourse of sociology of labor, research in the service sphere is currently at the forefront. The focus is on such problems as the structure of the new post-industrial working class, the inclusion of the client into the traditional worker/employer dyad as a third element that reconfigures the stable structures of labor relations, the increased importance of “emotional labor”, physicality and the so-called “soft qualities” of workers, the ideology of consumer sovereignty and the problems that it generates, the precarization of labor that leads to the deprivation of interactive service workers, the class consciousness and resistance practices of routine services employees. In domestic science, this issue is considered mainly from the standpoint of economics and management. In Russian sociology, service research has not been fully updated, there is no theoretical foundation, and the concept of service workers as part of the working class has not yet taken form. The majority of Russian authors rely on the structural and functional paradigm in the study of the service sphere, which does not correlate with the problems relevant to international sociology and the methods of their analysis.
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Tuleshova, Saule, and Ainur Abidenkyzy. "Comparative analysis of the traditional culture of the kazakh and chinese peoples: based on national traditions, values and cultural characteristics." Journal of Oriental Studies 109, no. 2 (2024): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.26577/jos.2024.v109.i2.09.
Full textAbstract:
This article presents a cultural analysis of interaction aimed at comparing the traditions, values and cultural characteristics of the Kazakh and Chinese peoples. The relevance of the topic is explained by the modern political, economic and socio-cultural interaction between Kazakhstan and China, as well as the need to understand the peculiarities of the cultural context for effective international cooperation. The research aims to identify and analyze similarities and differences in the cultural aspects of the two societies, including history, religion, customs, linguistic features and artistic expressions. The results allow a comprehensive understanding of the cultural characteristics of Kazakhstan and China, contributing to strengthening international cooperation and mutual understanding. The practical significance of the work lies in creating the basis for cultural programs that promote deeper understanding between these peoples. The methodology includes analysis of historical sources, sociological research, anthropological analysis and comprehensive study of languages and artistic culture. An important method is comparative analysis, demonstration of common features and peculiarities of each culture. The results of the study reveal the main aspects of cultural interaction between the Kazakh and Chinese peoples, and also emphasize the importance of respect for cultural differences. The analysis of the data allows us to conclude about the influence of cultural factors on interaction in various fields, including economics, politics and social relations. The research makes a significant contribution to the field of cultural studies, conducting an in-depth analysis of the relationship between the Kazakh and Chinese peoples. The results obtained can be used to develop cultural programs that contribute to strengthening diplomatic relations and international cooperation. It also has practical implications for the business world, where cultural understanding plays a key role.
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Majsztrik, John C., Bridget Behe, Charles R. Hall, Dewayne L. Ingram, Alexa J. Lamm, Laura A. Warner, and Sarah A. White. "Social and Economic Aspects of Water Use in Specialty Crop Production in the USA: A Review." Water 11, no. 11 (November 8, 2019): 2337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11112337.
Full textAbstract:
Understanding human behavior is a complicated and complex endeavor. Academicians and practitioners need to understand the underlying beliefs and motivations to identify current trends and to effectively develop means of communication and education that encourage change in attitudes and behavior. Sociological research can provide information about how and why people make decisions; this information impacts the research and extension community, helping them formulate programs and present information in a way that increases adoption rates. Life cycle assessment can document how plant production impacts the environment. Production of ornamental plants (greenhouse, container, and field produced flowers trees and shrubs) accounted for 4.4% of the total annual on-farm income and 8.8% of the crop income produced in the United States in 2017, representing a substantial portion of farmgate receipts. Greenhouse and nursery growing operations can use this information to increase production and water application efficiency and decrease input costs. Information related to the environmental impacts of plant production, derived from life cycle assessment, can also inform consumer purchase decisions. Information from water footprint analysis quantifies the relative abundance and availability of water on a regional basis, helping growers understand water dynamics in their operation and informing consumer plant purchases based on water availability and conservation preference. Economics can motivate growers to adopt new practices based on whether they are saving or making money, and consumers modify product selection based on preference for how products are produced. Specialty crop producers, including nursery and greenhouse container operations, rely heavily on high quality water from surface and groundwater resources for crop production; but irrigation return flow from these operations can contribute to impairment of water resources. This review focuses on multiple facets of the socioeconomics of water use, reuse, and irrigation return flow management in nursery and greenhouse operations, focusing on grower and consumer perceptions of water; barriers to adoption of technology and innovations by growers; economic considerations for implementing new technologies; and understanding environmental constraints through life cycle assessment and water footprint analyses. Specialty crop producers can either voluntarily adapt practices gradually to benefit both economic and environmental sustainability or they may eventually be forced to change due to external factors (e.g., regulations). Producers need to have the most current information available to inform their decisions regarding water management.