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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Economics of enterprise'
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Pennock, Michael James. "The economics of enterprise transformation." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28171.
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Thesis (M. S.)--Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.Committee Chair: Rouse, William; Committee Member: Boff, Kenneth; Committee Member: Cross, Stephen; Committee Member: Griffin, Paul; Committee Member: Keskinocak, Pinar.
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Gabe, Todd M. "Economic development incentives and enterprise growth /." The Ohio State University, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488191124570567.
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Burke, Andrew Emmet. "An economic analysis of enterprise in the music industry." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260123.
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Williams, Vivienne Margaret. "Municipal enterprise : the growth and development of Manchester Airport, c1910-1978." Thesis, University of Salford, 1991. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/43003/.
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The aim of this thesis is to investigate the growth and development of Manchester airport and the implications of municipal ownership. The main theme is the nature of municipal ownerships structures and their interaction with other institutional structures and agencies in the immediate locale and at national level, which have influenced development processes and exercised control with the UK civil air transport industry as a Whole, in terms of development policy and regulation. The implications of municipal ownership structures within this wider context are viewed from the general perspective of the process of growth and development and from the specific standpoint of their implications for the evolution of procedures for and conduct of industrial relations at Manchester Airport. In essence, the study of industrial relations forms a microcosm in which the potential problems introduced by the co-existence of municipal ownership structures alongside other ownership forms within the civil air transport industry are explored. It is argued that the pattern of growth and development at Manchester Airport has differed from that experienced at other airports situated in the provinces. Despite the potential constraints upon airport development emanating from municipal ownership, it has constituted a positive factor in promoting the growth and development of airport facilities in Manchester. In essence, municipal enterprise has proven to be an appropriate vehicle for maximising gains in an industry subject to rapid technological change and growth. Municipal ownership supporting the injection of local knowledge, drive, initiative and enthusiasm has promoted the establishment of a local agenda for development, in the absence of positive growth promoting forces deriving from agencies and institutions operating within the civil air transport industry as a whole and on the periphery of airport operation. It is further argued that the municipal ownership regime offered the flexibility of approach and adaptability of internal organisational structures essential to the changing requirements of airport development. As far as industrial relations is concerned, it is argued that the application of principles governing the conduct of industrial relations within the local Government Service to airport workers, has given co-existence, had a partially negative effect on industrial relations with the relatively large group of specialist manual workers. Whilst procedures were generally adapted to accommodate the special needs of a municipal airport undergoing a process of growth and development not experienced by its counterparts, at the end of the day, the constraints of local authority procedures and practices culminated in the rejection of a national negotiating machinery which was inherently inflexible.
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Mengistae, Taye. "Ethiopia's urban economy : empirical essays on enterprise development and the labour market." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285537.
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El-Ashker, A. A. F. "The financial policies of the productive enterprise in the Islamic economic system." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372547.
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Ueda, Gen. "Devolution and autonomy : dynamics of micro enterprise reproduction in Nyeri Town, Kenya." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325409.
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Ahmed, El-Sayed Abbas. "An empirical study of the financing of small enterprise development in Sudan." Thesis, University of Bath, 1987. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376445.
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Stein, Mattea. "Enterprise Networks and Courts - Three Essays in Development Economics." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH167.
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Les réseaux sociaux affectent les choix individuels dans tous les contextes socio-économiques, influençant de nombreux aspects de la vie économique et sociale. Ils peuvent jouer un rôle particulièrement central dans les économies en voie de développement où les institutions gouvernementales, qui facilitent les transactions anonymes entre partis n’ayant d’autres liens que ceux impliqués par l’échange, sont souvent moins fiables. Par exemple, lorsque les tribunaux commerciaux sont inefficaces ou inaccessibles à la plupart des entrepreneurs, le capital social tissé par les réseaux peut servir à mieux garantir le respect des termes des contrats et la collaboration. Cette thèse explore deux facettes de ce thème. Deux de ses chapitres étudient les mécanismes à l'œuvre dans les réseaux horizontaux entre petits entrepreneurs en Ouganda. En utilisant des données de réseau en panel et en mettant à profit la variation expérimentale introduite par une formation dispensée de manière aléatoire à un échantillon d’entrepreneurs, je montre que ces réseaux peuvent être endogènes à des interventions de politique publique, et que les changements observés indiquent un comportement stratégique de formation de réseau. Un troisième chapitre est consacré aux moyens d'améliorer l'efficacité du règlement formel des différends commerciaux, en analysant les mécanismes en jeu dans les réformes institutionnelles. L’analyse d’une réforme au Sénégal utilisant des données granulaires de haute fréquence montre que des petits ajustements de procédure peuvent avoir un impact important sur la rapidité sans compromettre la qualité des jugements rendus lorsque les incitations des juges sont alignéesSocial networks affect economic decision-making in all socio-economic contexts, influencing many aspects of social and economic life. They may play a particularly central role in the developing economy where formal institutions, which facilitate anonymous, arm's length transactions, tend to function less well. For example, when commercial courts are inefficient, or are inaccessible to a large share of the entrepreneur population, the social capital inherent in networks may be used to sustain contracting and collaboration. This thesis explores two facets of this thematic cluster. Two of its chapters investigate the mechanisms at work in horizontal business networks between small-scale entrepreneurs in Uganda. Using experimental variation from a randomized training and panel network data, I show that these networks can be endogenous to a public policy intervention, and that observed changes indicate strategic network formation behavior. A third chapter is concerned with how the efficiency of formal commercial dispute resolution can be enhanced, unpacking the mechanisms of institutional reform. Analyzing a reform in Senegal using high-frequency case-level data, it shows that procedural tweaks can have a large effects on speed without jeopardizing quality when judges’ incentives are aligned
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Turner, Sarah Elizabeth. "An applicable paradigm? : flexible specialisation and small scale enterprise in Ujung Pandang, Indonesia." Thesis, University of Hull, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301026.
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Louw, Francois. "Ownership, efficiency and the modern enterprise : a theoretical perspective." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18371.
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Bibliography: pages 120-129.In this dissertation, public and private ownership is compared on the basis of allocative and productive efficiency. At the outset, it is shown how the traditional advantage of owner-managed private firms over their public counterparts in respect of productive efficiency is weakened by the presence of allocative inefficiency in the private sector, due to market failures such as imperfect competition. The case of the natural monopoly is especially important, because there is no scope for improving allocative efficiency by increasing competition. Governments attempt to address this problem by regulating or nationalising these monopolies and then enforcing a policy of managerial cost pricing, albeit at the expense of productive efficiency. However, the gains in' allocative efficiency are lessened by the use of public firms by politicians as political instruments to further their personal interest. As a result, public failures in the form of an over-supply of public goods are created. A compromise between the allocative inefficiency in the owner'-managed private sector and the productive inefficiency in the public sector emerges with the rise of the private managerial firm. Distinctive characteristics of the managerial firm, such as the separation of ownership and control, provide the necessary incentives to reduce monopoly prices and expand output, thereby moving closer to the allocatively efficient position. Although productive efficiency is sacrificed to some extent in the process, the incentives inherent to private ownership ensure that the comparative advantage of the private managerial firm vis-a-vis the public firm is maintained. The net efficiency effect of the private managerial firm is therefore expected to represent a higher level of social welfare than that of the public firm.
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Sridhar, Kala Seetharam. "Urban economic development in America : evidence from enterprise zones /." The Ohio State University, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488186329500549.
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Wang, Xiao-qiang. "Industrial price reform and enterprise reform in transitional economies : theory, and evidence from China." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361414.
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Stein, Harald David. "Modelling enterprise co-opetition." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110531_105035-84575.
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In the recent years co-opetition has emerged as a new theoretical concept, emphasizing the concurrency of competition and cooperation in business rela-tionships. It is considered as an integrative bridge between older contributions which one-sidedly emphasize either competition or cooperation. However, the co-opetition theory is barely applicable for problems of relationships between enterprises because of structural and methodical flaws. Therefore a framework for the modelling of enterprise co-opetition is introduced. A definition for the term co-opetition and determinants of co-opetition models are introduced, which are external institutions, several industrial boundaries and time. An industrial supply chain is introduced as one of the industrial boundaries in co-opetition models that considers the impact of potential participants and distinguishes be-tween individual customers and mass markets. A profit distribution rule is intro-duced for supply chains with individual customers, which considers the impact of excluded suppliers and can be used for the prediction of the outcome of auc-tions. It is shown for both mass markets and individual customers in how far stable agreements can be achieved, facing the problem of ubiquitous time-inconsistency of agreements. It is shown in which cases the introduced profit distribution rule recommends more stable negotiation outcomes than the Aumann-Drèze-rule and the Myerson-rule for coalition structures. Ideal-typical cases of... [to full text]Atliktas tiriamasis darbas rengiant disertaciją yra aktualus nagrinėjant tokius klau-simus kaip: − Koopeticijos teorijos plėtra, − Derybų galia ir sutarčių stabilumas, − Ilgalaikės perspektyvos siekiant patobulinti naudojamą įmonėse programą. Koopeticija – tai neologizmas, sudarytas iš terminų konkurencija ir kooperacija. Šiuo neologizmu akcentuojamos įvairios prasmės, kurios įžvelgiamos esant konkurenci-jai ir kooperacijai santykiuose su visomis kitomis įmonėmis pramonės tiekimo tinkle, čia dalyvauja tiekėjai, pirkėjai (užsakovai), konkurentai ir tie, kurie aprūpina papildomomis prekėmis. Koopeticijos teorija dar tebėra pradinėje vystymosi stadijoje. Dėl sisteminių ir metodinių klaidų koopeticijos teorija taikytina tik sprendžiant įmonių savitarpio santykio problemas. Koopeticijos modeliai neturi norminio ir pripažinto apibrėžimo ar sandaros. Be to, neaišku, kokiu būdu galima naudoti šią teoriją. Todėl naujai sukurtas koopeticijos teorijos pagrindimas bei determinančių koopeticijos modeliams suformulavimas būtų svarus indėlis į šiuolaikinį mokslą. Reikėtų sutelkti dėmesį į įvairius savitarpio santykius pačiame pramonės tiekimo tinkle bei į įtaką, kurią turi nesančios tinkle įmonės, kurios visgi yra svarbios savitarpio santykiams, ypač kalbant apie derybų rezultatus ir sutarčių stabilumą. Nuolat augant tarptautiniam verslui atskiros valstybės praranda savo svarbą, kai kalbama apie kontrakto įvykdymo patvirtinimą. Ypač tada, kai nėra pasitikėjimo valsty-binėmis institucijomis... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Christev, Atanas, and Hans-Peter Weikard. "Social benefits and the enterprise : some recent evidence from Bulgaria and Poland." Universität Potsdam, 1999. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2011/4893/.
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In socialist economies firms have provided various social benefits, like child care, health care, food subsidies, housing etc. Using panel data from Bulgarian and Polish firms, this paper attempts to explain firm-specific provision of social benefits in the process of transition. We investigate empirically with the help of qualitative response models, how ownership type and structure, firm size, profitability, change in management, foreign direct investment, wage and employment policies, union involvement and employee power have impacted the state of non-wage benefits provision.
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Landers, James Richard. "A hedonic study of the incentive effects of enterprise zones in Ohio." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1273069834.
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Eck, Douglas W. "A National Survey of Enterprise Budget Development and Use by the Extension Service." DigitalCommons@USU, 1990. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4081.
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This thesis investigates the development and use of viii agricultural enterprise budgets. An e nterprise is a single crop or livestock commodity, and e nterprise budgets are valuable management tools. They serve as the basic building blocks of complete farm planning.
Two separate surveys gathered information from the Extension Service concerning the use and development of enterprise budgets. Analysis of the survey results identified the most common methods used to create enterprise budgets as well as factors that contribute to their use.
A regression analysis was performed to determine the factors influencing the number of times county agents directly refer to published budget informat ion in a year . The agent's understanding of the use of budget information in management decisions, the geographic units that budgets are published for, and receiving the budgets in multiple forms (e.g., sheets, booklets, or software) have significant positive impacts on the use of budgets by the agents.
Finally, based on the findings of this research, a number of recommendations are made to help increase the efficiency with which budgets are made and the use of these Pvaluable tools.
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Ramachandran, K. "Appropriateness of incentives for small scale enterprise location in less developed areas : The experiences of the United Kingdom, Japan and India." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373996.
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Hodgkins, Kevin A. "Unleashing the power of nonprofit enterprise the history and economics of nonprofit enterprise and how equity capital can multiply its impact /." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2010. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2010m/hodgkins.pdf.
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Ashcroft, Neil Russell. "'Unnatural and unexpected vicissitudes' : British maritime enterprise and the American Civil War, 1856 to 1870." Thesis, University of Hull, 1999. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:8037.
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Herrera, Barrera Boris Vladimir. "Knowledge as an effective tool to improve Economics Performance in Micro and Small Enterprise." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9171.
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L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi és entendre i explicar l'efecte de la creació, l'ús i l'administració del coneixement com a factor del rendiment econòmic de la petita i la microempresa, utilitzant una aproximació qualitativa, basada en l'ús de narratives. Per assolir-lo, s'ha seguit un esquema de dues fases. La primera desenvolupa un model per entendre'n les variables principals i com s'apliquen a l'anàlisi del fenomen objecte d'estudi, mentre que la segona proposa investigar la naturalesa d'aquest coneixement, és a dir, identificar el tipus de coneixement que fan servir els petits emprenedors, com el fan servir efectivament i com es relaciona amb els factors que s'han definit a la primera fase de l'estudi.El disseny d'aquesta recerca es basa en el marc conceptual proposat per John W. Creswell (2003 i J. Creswell, 2005) i la metodologia de treball en l'ús de narratives a la investigació de ciències socials que proposa Barbara Czarniawska (B. Czarniawska, 2004). En l'àmbit del coneixement, he partit dels estudis sobre creixement endogen de Paul Romer (P. Romer, 1989), que argumenta que el coneixement és un factor important en el rendiment econòmic de les empreses i els països, que he complementat amb l'enfocament particular del pragmatisme americà (J. Dewey, 1910), les definicions de simplicitat en la transferència de coneixement (J. Dewey, 1916), el concepte d'intermediaris del coneixement (A. Hargadon i R. Sutton, 2000) i les definicions de Cook i Brown per a les classificacions d'ús i possessió del coneixement (S. Cook i J. S. Brown, 1999).
Aquesta tesi ha descobert que els elements principals relacionats amb el rendiment econòmic de la petita i la microempresa es basen en l'ús del coneixement que posseeix l'emprenedor, el coneixement que és creat per l'entorn de la petita empresa i la relació dels emprenedors amb aquest entorn, i finalment amb el rol que fan els intermediaris entre l'emprenedor i el seu entorn.
D'altra banda, contribueix amb un patró per entendre la relació entre els petits i els microemprenedors amb el seu entorn, i com crear, usar, compartir i administrar el coneixement ajuda a millorar el rendiment dels seus negocis.
Entender y Explicar el efecto de la creación, el uso y la administración del conocimiento como factor del rendimiento económico de la pequeña y micro empresa, utilizando una aproximación cualitativa basada en el uso de narrativas, es el propósito de esta disertación. Para lo cual se ha utilizado un esquema de dos fases, en la primera fase se desarrolla un modelo para entender las principales variables y su aplicación en el análisis del fenómeno en estudio y la segunda fase, propone investigar la naturaleza de este conocimiento, esto es identificar el tipo de conocimiento usado por los pequeños emprendedores, como este es efectivamente usado y como se relaciona con los factores definidos en la primera fase del estudio.
El diseño de esta investigación se base en el marco conceptual propuesto por John W. Creswell (2003 & J. Creswell, 2005) y la metodología de trabajo en el uso de narrativas en la investigación de ciencias sociales propuesta por Barbara Czarniawska (B. Czarniawska, 2004). En el campo del conocimiento, he partido de los estudios basados en el crecimiento endógeno propuesto por Paul Romer (P. Romer, 1989), quien argumenta que el conocimiento es un factor importante en el rendimiento económico de empresas y naciones, esto es suplementado con el enfoque particular del pragmatismo americano (J. Dewey, 1910), las definiciones de simplicidad en la transferencia de conocimiento (J. Dewey, 1916), el concepto de intermediarios del conocimiento (Hargadon A. & Sutton R., 2000) y las definiciones de Cook y Brown para las clasificaciones de uso y posesión del conocimiento (Cook S. & Brown J.S., 1999).
Esta disertación ha encontrado que los elementos principales relacionados con el rendimiento económico de la pequeña y micro empresa, están basados en el uso del conocimiento que está en posesión del emprendedor, por el conocimiento que es creado por el entorno de la pequeña empresa y por la relación del los emprendedores con este entorno, y finalmente con el rol que juegan los intermediarios entre el emprendedor y su entorno.
Por otro lado, este contribuye con un patrón para entender la relación entre los pequeños y micro emprendedores con su entorno, como el crear, usar, compartir y administrar el conocimiento contribuye con el rendimiento de sus negocios.
To Understand and Explain about the effect of creation, use and management of knowledge as a factor of economic performance in the micro and small business, utilizing a qualitative approximation based on the use of narratives, is the purpose of this dissertation. For which a scheme in two phases have been utilized; the first that develops a model to understand the most prominent variables and their application in the analysis of the phenomenon being studied and the second one, proposes to investigate the nature of this knowledge, that is to say to identify the type of knowledge that is used by the small entrepreneurs, how this is effectively used and how is it related to the determined factors in the first phase of the study.
The design of this research is based on the conceptual framework proposed by John W. Creswell (2003 & J Creswell 2005) and methodology in the work on the use of Narratives in the Social Science Research by Barbara Czarniawska (Czarniawska B 2004). In the field of knowledge I started from the basis of studies based on endogenous growth proposed by Paul Romer (P Romer, 1989), who argue that knowledge is an important factor in the economic performance of firms and nations, this is supplemented with particular focus of American pragmatism John Dewey (J Dewey 1910), the definitions of simplicity in the transmission of knowledge (J Dewey 1916), the concept of knowledge brokers or intermediaries (Hargadon A & Sutton R 2000) and the definitions of Cook and Brown to the classifications of use and possession of knowledge ( Cook S & Brown JS 1999).
This dissertation has found that the main elements related to the economic performance of the small and micro enterprises, in relation with knowledge, are based on the use of knowledge in possession of the entrepreneur, to the knowledge created by the environment of the small business and the relation of the entrepreneur with this environment, and finally to the role of the broker knowledge between the entrepreneur and his environment.
On the other hand, it contribute with a pattern to understand the relation between the micro and small enterprising with their environment, as the creation works, use, share and manage the knowledge which contributes to the economic performance of the micro and small business.
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Fazlollahi, Ariyan. "Benefits of Enterprise Integration Systems." Thesis, KTH, Industriella informations- och styrsystem, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-98486.
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Today, with various technology and business standards, organizations face rapid changes in both internal and external environments. To be able to rapidly respond to such changing environments, integration of software systems has entered among the top priorities of many organizations. However, despite extended use of software integration, methods for estimating the business value of implementing such integration are still missing. Besides presenting a conceptual model to define the benefits of systems integration and related causal relationships, this study proposes a method for measuring such benefits in monetary terms. In particular, we demonstrate how a mathematical programming technique called Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) can be used to evaluate the business value of software integration. Our method is illustrated using data from 12 organizations. The results indicate significant productivity gains by integrating software systems, which represent the value of software integration in organizations.
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West, Mario. "Strategies to Manage Enterprise Information Technology Projects." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4578.
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Since 2005, most midsize company information technology (IT) projects had a 62.4% failure rate because of wrong project team communication skills or cost overruns. IT leaders expect negative IT project outcomes will cost over $2 billion by 2020. Using the actor-network theory, the purpose of this single case study was to explore strategies used by IT leaders from a midsize IT company in Washington, D.C. to plan and execute projects under budget and on time. Using purposeful sampling, 5 IT leaders were selected for this study because of their experience in implementing successful strategies for projects. Data were collected using face-to-face semistructured interviews, company documentation, and internal organizational risk reports. Yin's 5-step process was used for data analysis to compile, disassemble, reassemble, interpret, and conclude the data. The interpretation of data, subjected to methodological triangulation and member checking to strengthen the dependability and credibility of the findings, yielded 3 themes of IT leader communication skills: IT leader strategy, IT leader knowledge, and implementation of cost savings. The findings indicated that IT leaders serve as the key actors in the IT project network, and leader communication skills are essential for implementing strategies for IT project completion and cost savings. With this knowledge, IT leaders can implement strategies to plan and execute projects under budget and on time. The implications for a positive social change includes the potential for IT leaders to reduce project production waste and contribute to economic expansion.
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Etges, Ana Paula Beck da Silva. "The economic enterprise risk management innovation program for healthcare organizations : E2RMhealthcare." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/185804.
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A Gestão de Riscos Corporativos (ERM), a partir das publicações da ISO 31000 em 2009 e do guia do COSO em 2007, vem sendo aplicada e adaptada às especificidades de múltiplos mercados. O contexto hospitalar, caracterizado pela necessidade de avanços em sistemas e métodos gerenciais que permitam maior acurácia de informações e sustento na orientação à tomada de decisão, passou a, também, interessar-se pelo valor da ERM. Influenciado pelos programas de qualidade e segurança do paciente e de gestão de riscos assistencial, presentes na cultura hospitalar mundial, gestores estratégicos à frente de organizações de saúde começaram a procurar por metodologias que possam ser adaptadas à complexidade de um hospital e apoiem a implementação da ERM. A literatura prévia ao desenvolvimento desta tese não apresenta um modelo que consolida e orienta a operacionalização da ERM em organizações de saúde, mas destaca em múltiplas publicações a necessidade que os hospitais têm de atentar a metodologias que permitam gerir de forma proativa e estratégica seus negócios, que estão expostos a riscos internos e externos. Motivada pela lacuna descrita, esta tese explorou o mercado brasileiro e norte americano através de entrevistas, estudos de caso e survey, e propôs um modelo global de ERM para organizações de saúde: o E2RMhealthcare. Este sugere requisitos para a operacionalização global da ERM e é fragmentado em 4 níveis: risk baseline, education, quantitative e governance que orientam uma implementação gradual, considerando a maturidade de gestão da organização. Formas de como explorar as características do hospital e capital humano para exercer a ERM também foram estudadas, sendo proposto uma relação entre as equipes de avaliação de tecnologias de saúde hospitalar e de ERM no processo de criação de valor da organização através de um mapa de causa e efeito. Como destaque do negócio saúde, essa tese inova propondo o primeiro inventário de riscos corporativos orientado a organizações de saúde que foi validado por gestores de múltiplos países, identificando o risco de ataques cibernéticos como o principal. Por fim, o uso de métodos de análise multicriterial e de custeio por atividade são aplicados como soluções inovadoras para a priorização e avaliação econômica de riscos ao longo dos níveis Baseline e Quantitative do E2RMhealthcare. O avanço do E2RMhealthcare com estas metodologias incorporadas para um software com capacidade de inteligência artificial é deixado como sugestão de trabalhos futuros além da sua real aplicação em múltiplos casos.Since the ISO 31000 publication in 2009 and the COSO guide in 2007 Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) has been applied and adapted to the specificities of different business markets. The hospital context characterized by the demand for advances in management systems and methods that allow to improve information accuracy and to support the decision-making process, also became interested in the value of ERM. Influenced by quality and patient safety and healthcare risk management programs presents in the global hospital culture, managers at the top of healthcare organizations started to look for methodologies that can be adapted to the hospital management complexity to support the ERM implementation. The literature, prior to the development of this thesis, does not present a model that consolidates a guide to operationalize ERM in healthcare organizations. Although emphasizes, in multiple publications, the urgency for methodologies that enable proactive and strategic management of healthcare businesses, which are exposed to internal and external risks. Motivated by the described gap, this thesis explored the Brazilian and American healthcare market through interviews, case studies and survey, and proposed a global ERM model for healthcare organizations: E2RMhealthcare. It suggests requirements for global operationalization of the ERM and is organized in 4 levels: risk baseline, education, quantitative and governance that guide a gradual implementation, considering the maturity of the organization management. Different manners to explore the features of the hospital and human capital to operate the ERM were also studied, and it was proposed a relation between the hospital healthcare technology assessment teams and the ERM in the value creation process of the organization through a cause and effect map. Focusing on the healthcare business, this thesis innovates by proposing the first enterprise risk inventory aimed at healthcare organizations that was confirmed by risk managers from different countries. Cyber-attack was identified as the main enterprise risk in healhtcare. Finally, the use of multicriterial analysis methods and activity-based costing are applied as innovative solutions for prioritization and economic assessment of risks throughout the Baseline and Quantitative levels of E2RMhealthcare. The progress of E2RMhealthcare with these incorporated methodologies for a software with artificial intelligence capacity is left as a suggestion for future studies, in addition to its actual application in multiple cases.
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Hsu, Chen-kuo. "The political base of changing strategy toward private enterprise in Taiwan, 1945-1955." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/18694101.html.
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Kiwara, Lekamere, and Fredrik Warringer. "Managing Change through the Implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning in a Global Industrial Organisation." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för industriell ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-15371.
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Abstract Change is an alteration from one state of being to another, brought by individuals or organisations as a result of different types of internal or external forces. The change phenomenon, when discussed in context of the organisation, is referred to as organisational change. Organisational change is all about restructuring and re-engineering business processes so as to assist organisations in the growth and development process. This research paper aims to gain further insight and knowledge about change and the change management process. The research paper focuses on understanding the concept of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and its impact on organisations. The study also focuses on gaining insight in the change that is introduced when the ERP project is initiated in an organisation. Various change and change management models are explained and studied. Moreover, the case study method of research design was followed for further research and knowledge, and the empirical survey was conductedwithin the company of Siemens. The empirical survey was conducted with 20 respondents, and the results indicate that it is very important for a global industrial organisation to successfully implement the ERP system so as to survive and sustain in the global competitive environment. To achieve successful ERP implementation, the organisation must clearly understand the need for change and its implications. Changes need to be properly communicated to all affected employees of the organisation. In order to have successful implementation, it is important that employees do not fear and resist the change process. Proper support and training from the management need to be provided to the employees to increase their motivation for change. In conclusion, it was identified that in order to reach a successful outcome, an efficient change management process needs to be followed. To support this, a change management model was proposed with the intention of helping the organisation to successfully manage change during implementation of the ERP system.
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Morvaridi, Behrooz. "The process of agrarian transition : household enterprise production and reproduction in a sugar beet growing region of Turkey." Thesis, University of Kent, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242903.
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Mulhern, Alan. "Theory of competitive advantage : small and medium size enterprise performance and inter-regional migration." Thesis, Kingston University, 2015. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/34709/.
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Kirsten, Maria Albertina. "Improving the well-being of the poor through microfinance : evidence from the Small Enterprise Foundation in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/18002.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Poverty in South Africa’s rural areas is complex and severe, especially among female-headed households. The marginalisation of South Africa’s rural areas over a period of decades resulted in an acute lack of economic opportunities, limited infrastructure and a serious breakdown of social capital. Women living in rural areas are particularly poor in moneymetric terms; they are often illiterate and therefore isolated from economic and social opportunities; and many fall victim to violence in the household. They eke out a meagre existence, based on small-scale agriculture, marginal self-employment or limited wage and remittance income. While such income diversification, combined with the government’s range of development interventions, helps to buffer them against risks such as illness, death and disaster, rural poverty is not just a matter of income and assets. It is also rooted in other disadvantages, such as exclusion, disempowerment and unequal power relations. These all contribute to making poverty a multidimensional phenomenon. The South African government has committed significant resources to poverty intervention over the past 17 years. These interventions, which include social assistance grants, basic municipal services and free water, electricity, schooling and health services, certainly have an impact on the livelihoods of the rural poor, but they do not seem to bring a significant improvement in the standard of living of the most vulnerable people in marginalised areas. There is increasing recognition in the poverty literature that vulnerabilities – of income, health, social exclusion and service delivery – are linked, and that support programmes should focus not only on increasing the poor’s access to resources and assets but also on empowering individuals to use these assets and make decisions. This study investigates the potential of microfinance to address the overlapping vulnerabilities experienced by women in South Africa’s rural areas. It suggests that microfinance has the potential to generate positive shifts in selected indicators of empowerment and well-being among participating women in rural areas. These claims are tested by evaluating data gathered among clients of the Small Enterprise Foundation (SEF) against a conceptual framework. The framework offers a stepwise progression away from vulnerability: acquiring internal skills (empowerment), strengthening social capital, accumulating assets and, eventually, transforming these assets into wealth. Existing datasets, gathered over a period of five years in rural Limpopo and representing both a group that received microfinance from SEF and a control group, were examined. No evidence could be found that the recipients of SEF’s microfinance experienced increased empowerment, but the results did provide evidence that belonging to the group that received microfinance increased the likelihood of experiencing livelihood security and well-being. The findings show that microfinance can, even over the short term, make a difference in people’s ability to smooth their consumption and, as such, provide them with more secure livelihoods. The research also suggests that microfinance assists women in rural areas in constructing and maintaining a portfolio of assets, thus improving well-being among the recipients of microfinance. The scope of the study was confined to measuring the effect of microfinance on selected poverty indicators, and it did not attempt to prove that microfinance alleviates poverty. As such, the research demonstrates that the government’s efforts to reduce rural poverty can be complemented by micro-level interventions such as access to finance.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Armoede in Suid-Afrika se landelike gebiede is kompleks en straf, veral vir huishoudings met vroue aan die hoof. Landelike gebiede is vir dekades lank gemarginaliseer en dit het gelei tot gebrekkige ekonomiese geleenthede, beperkte infrastruktuur en ‘n ineenstorting van sosiale kapitaal. Vroue in Suid-Afrika se landelike gebiede is nie net arm in monetêre terme nie, maar ook dikwels ongelettered, geïsoleerd van ekonomiese en sosiale geleenthede, en dikwels die slagoffers van huishoudelike geweld. Hul huishoudings oorleef deur die skamele bestaan wat hulle maak uit bestaansboerdery, gebrekkige besoldiging en trekarbeider lone. Alhoewel die regering se wydverspreide ontwikkelingshulp daartoe bydra om arm mense te help om risiko’s soos siekte, dood en natuurrampe te kan hanteer, gaan landelike armoede oor veel meer as net inkomste en bates, en sluit dit ook ontmagtiging, uitsluiting en ongelyke magsverdeling in. Al hierdie ontberinge maak armoede ‘n multidimensionele verskynsel. Die Suid-Afrikaanse regering het oor die afgelope 17 jaar aansienlike bronne op armoede verligting gespandeer. Die hulp, wat maatskaplike toelaes, basiese munisipale dienslewering, gratis water, elektrisiteit, opvoeding en gesondheidsdienste insluit, het sonder twyfel die oorlewing van die armes in landelike gebiede meer houdbaar gemaak, maar tog lyk dit nie of die lewenskwaliteit van die mees kwesbare huishoudings in die gemarginaliseerde areas verbeter het nie. Die armoede-literatuur dui daarop dat verskillende vorms van kwesbaarheid – kwesbaarheid in terme van inkomste, gesondheid, sosiale uitsluiting en dienslewering – met mekaar verband hou. Daarom is dit belangrik dat hulpverlening nie alleen vir die armes toegang gee tot hulpbronne en bates nie, maar ook die individue bemagtig om die bronne te gebruik en besluite te neem. Hierdie studie ondersoek die potensiaal van mikrofinansiering om die verskeidenheid sosiale kwesbaarhede wat vroue in Suid Afrika se landelike gebiede ervaar aan te spreek. Die studie voer aan dat mikrofinansiering kan lei tot positiewe veranderinge in geselekteerde bemagtigings- en welvaarts-indikatore onder deelnemende vroue. Data wat versamel is onder die kliente van die Small Enterprise Foundation (SEF) word gebruik om hierdie aansprake te evalueer. Die studie is gedoen teen die agtergrond van ‘n konseptuele model, wat voorhou dat armoede en kwesbaarheid oorkom kan word as ‘n trapsgewyse program gevolg word – deur eerstens kundigheid (bemagtiging) te verkry, daarna sosiale kapitaal te versterk, bates op te bou en uiteindelik die bates in rykdom te omskep beweeg die vroue, en hul huishoudings, al verder weg van hulle aanvanklike kwesbaarheid. Bestaande data, versamel oor ‘n tydperk van vyf jaar in die landelike gebiede van Limpopo is geanaliseer. Die data verteenwoordig twee groepe – ‘n groep wat mikrofinansiering ontvang het en ‘n kontrole groep. Geen empiriese bewyse kon gevind word dat die vroue wat mikrofinansiering van SEF ontvang het, bemagtig is nie. Die resultate het wel daarop gedui dat vroue wat mikrofinansiering ontvang na alle waarskynlikheid meer bestaans-sekerheid het en dat hulle welvaart verbeter het. Die bevindinge dui daarop dat mikrofinansiering, selfs oor die kort termyn, ‘n wesenlike verskil kan maak in die vermoë van kwesbare vroue om hulle verbruik, oor tyd, beter te bestuur en sodoende bestaans-sekuriteit te verseker. Die navorsing toon ook dat mikrofinansiering vroue in landelike gebiede kan help om ‘n portefeulje van bates te skep en te handhaaf, wat bydra tot groter welvaart. Hierdie studie het die impak van mikrofinansiering op geselekteerde armoede indikatore geevalueer, en het nie gepoog om te bewys dat mikrofinansiering armoede verlig nie. Sodoende dui die navorsing daarop dat die regering se pogings om armoede te verlig kan baat vind by mikrovlakintervensies soos mikrofinansiering.
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Glommen, Andersson Elin. "Remittances and the level of small and madium sized enterprise start-ups." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-13773.
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This thesis within economics is examining the impact that remittances could have on the level of new small and medium sized enterprise start-ups. Remittances could be seen as a capital flow and would therefore increase the level of new SME start-ups but is this really the case? A model is developed with a panel data set over 45 countries all across the globe over a two year period. Six businesses environment variables are included in the regressions to see how the businesses environment affects the level of new SME start-ups. This model is also used when testing if the relationship between remittances and the level of new SMEs are stronger in the middle income countries than in the lower income countries. The descriptive statistics shows that both remittances and the number of new SME`s have increased from 2003 to 2005. The level of new SME`s have increased with a larger percentage share in the middle income countries relative to low income countries. The results from this thesis are somewhat difficult to interpret. Although there seems to be the case that remittances are not affecting the level of new SME start-ups when including all the countries in the same regression. As the countries are divided into two groups one can see a stronger relationship between remittances and the level of new SME started in the low income countries than in the middle income countries. One can also see that credit right and the cost of starting a new business is strongly related to the level of new SME.
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Mtero, Farai. "The informal sector : micro-enterprise activities and livelihoods in Makana Municipality, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007706.
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This study examines the nature and characteristics of the informal sector within the Makana municipal area in South Africa. The focus is on the socio-economic characteristics of the informal sector operatives; operational characteristics of the microenterprises that we studied, such as longevity, employment generation, growth potential, and linkages of the informal sector with the formal sector of the economy. Extensive studies on the informal sector have been conducted in many parts of the world relative to South Africa. The key finding in most of these researches is that the informal sector is highly heterogeneous. These studies provide us with the parameters for analysing the nature and characteristics of the informal sector in the Makana Municipality. The results of the thesis show that the majority of people in Makana Municipality join the informal sector as a result of such push factors as unemployment, retrenchment and the need to survive. While there is evidence of lucrative activities amongst the surveyed enterprises, most of the informal sector micro-enterprises are concentrated in the lower segment of the sector where earnings are very low. Results from this study reveal that employment generation (beyond owner-operator) is very limited. The co-existence of a small number of remunerative activities alongside a large proportion of relatively unproductive activities is not only a sign of restricted economic potential but, most importantly, it points to the heterogeneous nature of the informal sector. Precisely, the informal sector encompasses activities which are different in terms of asset holdings, earnings, etc. From the study, it is also evident that the informal sector micro-enterprises play a crucial role in distributing goods produced in the formal sector. Evidence indicates that these micro-enterprises are Iinked to the formal sector. The idea of a 'second economy' devoid of linkages with the 'first economy' is of limited heuristic value. Thus, the 'second economy' is an extension of the first.
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Lysy, Dusan G. 1948. "Crafting the enterprise : an analysis of the implementation and evolution of an extended enterprise for new project development, from the perspectives of organizational economics and architectural partitioning." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/91771.
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Ji, Qiu Ying. "China's reform in foreign trade : towards modern enterprise system." Thesis, University of Macau, 1996. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636231.
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Chipanga, Fibian. "Identifying the critical success factors in the implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) in the Zimbabwe electricity energy sector." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33683.
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The study identified CSFs and their prioritisation in ERP implementations in the Zimbabwean electricity energy sector context. This research paper discusses key recommendations for improving future Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) implementations based on insights from an exploratory qualitative single case study in the Zimbabwean electricity sector. The design was an interpretive case study research with the data collected using face to face and telephonically interviews from eighteen participants belonging to four project role groups of project managers, module owners, supper (key) users and end users. The researcher conducted in depth interviews with four role groups. The following critical success factors were identified and discussed: Business Plan and Vision, Business Process Reengineering, Change Management, Communication, ERP System selection, ERP Team composition and competence, External Expertise, IT Infrastructure, Project Management, Top Management Support and Commitment, Training and Education, User Involvement and Vendor Support. The findings from this study can be used to contribute additional insight on the implementation of ERP systems in the electricity energy sector in the Zimbabwean context. This paper is significant because identification and prioritisation of critical success factors help organisations institute appropriate strategies to enhance the successful implementation of ERP system and increase the realisation of the benefits of ERP systems. Management must be able to use the rankings of the CSFs for resource allocation and improved human management.
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Donnelly, M. "An investigation of the management and economics of a red deer farm enterprise using a computer model." Thesis, University of Reading, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233770.
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Srinivasan, Jayakanth. "Exploring the Sources of Enterprise Agility in Software Organizations." Doctoral thesis, Västerås : Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, Mälardalens högskola [School of Innovation, Design and Engineering], Mälardalen University, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-6853.
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Guevara-Bernal, Iván. "In search of the legal nature of the multi-corporate enterprise : a comparative study in law and economics." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619527.
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Larsson, Malin. "Defining Thresholds for Enterprise Architecture Debt." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-296936.
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A common challenge in organizations is a perception of that different languages are spoken among IT and other departments. Co-workers come from different background, have different knowledge base and sometimes even different objectives which can make an alignment more challenging. Enterprise Architecture (EA) can align IT investments with business directions and potentially solve issues regarding business-IT misalignments and bring value to organizations. Technical Debt (TD) is a well-established concept in software development and means that a solution that is “quick and dirty” is applied in order to earn time in short term and be able to provide a function in a system more quickly. This primitive implementation will at a later stage need to be corrected and rewritten, and the longer it takes, the more advanced, complex and time-consuming the correction will be. As EA has grown, major scientific and academic contributions have been developed. What is still missing is insight and ability to include a debt concept, which not only address TD but also business aspects. By adapting the TD concept in the EA domain, a new metaphor, providing a holistic perspective, has been proposed; Enterprise Architecture Debt (EAD). Up to the present debts for measuring EAD has been identified, but current research projects has not yet identified when a certain measure is to be considered of high or low quality. There is a need to develop a process for deriving such thresholds and identifying them. To be able to communicate the severity of an EAD to stakeholders, thresholds for EAD measures plays an important role. These thresholds will in the long term play a role in providing a tool for computer scientist working in organizations exploiting EA, and also contribute to current research within the field of IT-management and EA. By adopting a systematic process for defining expert driven thresholds a first version of a process for defining EAD thresholds could be presented and tested with domain experts. Five common opinions were detected, regarding the process, among the experts. The process could potentially facilitate useful communication and it was considered positive that it highlighted the context of the EAD. Also, that clearer process description and real-world EA model examples was needed, and that the moment of selecting membership function was unnecessary came up. Further, drivers for EAD thresholds and areas where it is perceived as important to have thresholds for EADs was a focus during the study. Cost and time, responsibility and engagement and context are perceived to be important drivers for EAD thresholds. While the business-it alignment and master data are seen as important areas. Also, context can play an important role when determine important areas.En vanlig utmaning inom organisationer är uppfattningen av att olika språka talas på IT-avdelningen och övriga avdelningar. Medarbetare kommer från olika bakgrund, har olika kunskapsbas och ibland till och med olika mål, vilket kan göra fastställandet av riktning mer utmanande. Enterprise Architecture (EA) kan säkerställa att IT investeringar och affärs direktiv går i samma riktning och kan därmed potentiellt lösa problem i anslutning till IT och övrig affärsverksamhet som uppstått på grund av detta och skapa värde till organisationen. Teknisk skuld är ett väletablerat koncept inom mjukvaruutveckling och syftar till att enlösning som är ”quick and dirty” tillämpas för att vinna tid på kort sikt och kunna tillämpa en funktionalitet i ett system snabbare. Denna primitiva implementation kommer vid senare tillfälle behöva korrigeras och skrivas om. Ju längre tid det tar desto mer avancerad, komplex och tidskrävande kommer ändringen att bli. I takt med att EA har vuxit har stora vetenskapliga och akademiska bidrag utvecklats. Vad som fortfarande saknas är insikt och förmåga att inkludera ett skuldkoncept som inte bara adresserar tekniks skuld utan även affärsaspekter. Genom att introducera konceptet teknisk skult i EA domänen har en ny metafor, som tillhandahåller ett helhetsperspektiv, föreslagits; Enterprise Architecture Debt (EA Debt). Fram tills idag har skulder för att mäta EA Debt blivit identifierade, men aktuella forskningsprojekt har ännu inte identifierat när en viss EA Debt är hög eller låg. Det finns ett behov av att utveckla en process för att härleda sådana gränsvärden och identifiera dem. För att kunna kommunicera all varlighetsgraden för en EA Debt till intressenter kan gränsvärden för EA Debt spela en viktig roll. Dessa gränsvärden kommer på lång sikt spela en roll när det kommer till att tillhandahålla verktyg för datavetare som arbetar i organisationer som tillämpar EA, och också bidra till aktuell forskning inom IT-förvaltning och EA. Genom att anta en systematisk process för att definiera expertdrivna gränsvärden har en första version av en process för att definiera EA Debt-gränsvärden kunnat presenteras och testas med domän-experter. Fem vanliga uppfattningar, gällande processen, kunde uppräckas bland experterna. Processens skulle också potentiellt kunna främja användbar kommunikation och det ansågs positivt att den belysta och tog hänsyn till kontext gällande EA Debt. Att tydligare processbeskrivning och verklighetstrogna EA-modeller som exempel behövdes samt att momentet där medlemsfunktion skulle väljas var onödigt kom också upp. Vidare så fokuserade studien på drivkrafter för att ta fram gränsvärden för EA Debt och områden där uppfattningen är att detta är viktigt. Kostnad och tid, ansvar och engagemang och kontext är uppfattade som viktiga drivkrafter när det kommer till gränsvärden för EA skuld, medan inriktningen för IT och övrig affärsverksamhet och basdata ses som viktiga områden. Även kontexten kan ha en viktig roll när det kommer till att avgöra vilka områden som är viktiga.
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Liu, Qian. "Property rights systems and the creation of social capital in two types of enterprises in rural China /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3074423.
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Erickson, Jake. "Nutritional and Economic Analysis of Small-Scale Agriculture in Imbaburra, Ecuador." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1468.
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Nutritional and Economic Analysis of Small-Scale Agriculture in Imbabura, Ecuador Intervention projects in the developing world normally aim to satisfy either the nutritional needs of a group, or advancing the economic stability, but not both. One of the many issues that may arise by narrowly focusing and creating an aid program is that although a group may be fed, they are not equipped to mitigate risks that will arise after project completion and thus continue or revert back to a malnourished state. A bridge is required to join the economic and nutritional programs to create aid interventions that are sustainable past the point of donor separation.
This paper proposes the creation of a linear program model to assess the effectiveness and sustainability of such intervention programs.
Investigating the effects of merging economic and nutrition interventions as pursued in this report required the first step to be the creation of economic information for a typical small-scale farm. The region of Cochas, Imbabura, Ecuador was selected as the study area in which data would be collected for a representative sample of production and living circumstances of a poor, rural, and small-scale farmer.
A comprehensive set of estimated cost and return (enterprise) budgets for small-scale agricultural crops that could be grown by the representative farm family used in this analysis was developed. This was accomplished via data collected in rural Ecuador by Jake Erickson, a Master's student in the department of Applied Economics at Utah State University. Of the supervisory committee, daily interaction occurred with Dr. DeeVon Bailey, project supervisor, and Dr. Ruby Ward, linear program specialist, whom were crucial in project completion. Various scenarios of the linear program were run with variations to the selection of nutritional requirements, off-farm income, and allowing food purchases off the family farm. Each of these scenarios was pursued as they mimic circumstances in which families may struggle to exist within the developing world. The results of each run are compared across the set of results to help understand what assumptions need to exist to validate an intervention's approach to improving the standard of living or nutrition of the world's poor, rural, small-scale farmers.
This model is a preliminary attempt at assessing the sustainability of merging common intervention approaches and it should be recognized that further development is needed to create a more encompassing model. Utilizing enterprise budgets, a linear programming model, and nutritional information, such as is done in this study, can help in planning rural development interventions as the income maximization and least-cost diet models are integrated into one within the resource and management constraints of the representative small-scale farm.
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Monroe-White, Thema K. "A cross country investigation of social enterprise innovation: a multilevel modelling approach." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51912.
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This dissertation presents a multilevel model of national-level factors and their impact on the organizational-level characteristics of social enterprises and their innovations. This study builds on the foundations of two theoretical frameworks: the national systems of innovation, which recognizes economic competitiveness to be a product of several interrelated institutions (e.g. financial, educational, cultural, historical) and where organizational-level innovation drives country level competitiveness; and the comparative social enterprise framework, which contends that national-level institutions (e.g., economic competitiveness, models of civil society) drive the size and shape of the social enterprise sector of a country. Data for this study were collected from multiple secondary global datasets representing 54 countries across seven world regions. Research questions and hypotheses are examined using ordinal and logistic hierarchical generalized linear modeling, two analytical techniques capable of explaining variation at one level (i.e., organizations) as a consequence of factors at another level of analysis (i.e., countries) for non-normally distributed dependent variables. Findings indicate that economic competitiveness, welfare spending, culture and quality of life significantly impact the odds of a business being a social enterprise. Fewer significant relationships were found social enterprise innovations. Conclusions and policy implications are discussed in light of data limitations and the current state of the field.
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Bird, Jessica. "Micro-Enterprise Development for Dalit Women in Rural India: An Analysis of the Implications of “Women's Empowerment”." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1286.
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The overall purpose of this study is to assess various market-based versus aid based approaches to financial autonomy for Dalit women in rural India and the goals and assumptions of the multiple stakeholders involved in each method (mainly, national and international NGOs, the state, and micro-finance organizations). I argue that approaches to income generation such as entrepreneurship, capital investment, and skill building, are based on similar objectives of economic agency, but ultimately lend to different results because of their varying assumptions about “women’s empowerment.” By separating these approaches into three methods of income generation based on their objective to promote either wages, labor, or capital, the political incentives of each stakeholder becomes more clear. The research presented in my literature review ultimately led me to predict that for Dalit women in India to experience financial autonomy, wage labor that produces immediate outcomes is a more viable route to overall empowerment than entrepreneurship due to its cultural constraints women fact. However, after analyzing my comparative case studies which focused on three different methods of handicraft and textile production facilitated through state, institutional, private stakeholders, I began to see how a a multiple-income generating approach, such as combining the resources of NGOs, micro-finance, and the state, reduces caste and gender barriers to entrepreneurship. Through a feminist and Marxist analysis, I assess the problems that occur when actors determine a blanket approach to empowering all women without considering their diverse contexts, and more specifically, how different identities and standpoints work to inform and oppress notions of empowerment. My interviews with experts in the field have led me to recommend that methods of income generation facilitated through grassroots Self Help Groups is the best way for rural, Dalit women to women to achieve economic agency.
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Godana, Wario. "Sero-epidemiology and economics of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in the beef cattle fattening and marketing chain of the livestock development and marketing enterprise from southern Ethopia." Thesis, University of Reading, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431029.
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Gronau, Norbert, Horst Wildemann, and Michael F. Zäh. "Entwicklung und Betrieb wandlungsfähiger Auftragsabwicklungssysteme." Universität Potsdam, 2004. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2006/679/.
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Mittelständische Industrieunternehmen setzen für ihre betrieblichen Abläufe Planungs- und Ausführungssysteme ein. Aufgrund der Turbulenzen auf Absatz- und Beschaffungsmärkten kann die Wirtschaftlichkeit und Wettbewerbsfähigkeit dieser Unternehmen nur durch permanente Anpassungen der Organisationsstrukturen und -abläufe erfolgen. In der Praxis zeigt sich eine unzureichende technologische Anpassungsfähigkeit der heute eingesetzten Standardsoftwaresysteme. Diese lassen zwar während der Einführungsphase vielfältige Konfigurationsmöglichkeiten zu, Veränderungen im laufenden Betrieb sind aber meist nur mit großem Aufwand möglich. Hier sind die Softwarehersteller in Zukunft zunehmend gefordert, wandlungsfähige Auftragsabwicklungssysteme zu entwickeln. Über die Entwicklungsphase (Build-Time) hinaus muss auch parallel zur Betriebsphase (Run-Time) der technische Fortschritt aufgrund von geänderten Anforderungen durch entsprechende Softwarereleases synchronisiert werden.Development and application of adaptive enterprise resource planning systems:
Medium-sized industrial enterprises apply resource planning systems for their business processes. Changing markets require permanent adaptation of these enterprises’ organisational structures and processes to ensure their efficiency and their competitiveness. However, currently applied standard software systems have proven to be insufficiently adaptable. They allow multiple configuration options during implementation and setup, but it is hardly possible to perform configuration changes during the application phase. Therefore software developers will have to focus on adaptable enterprise resource planning systems in future. Beyond the development phase (build time) technological progress caused by changing requirements also has to be synchronised simultaneously by current software releases during the application phase (run time).
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Солоха, Д. В., and О. В. Бєлякова. "Маркетингові засади позиціонування інноваційно активних підприємств у міжнародному економічному просторі." Thesis, ТОВ «ДД «Папірус», 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/37525.
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Сучасний стан розвитку світової економічної системи базується на міжнародному поділі виробництва як промислових товарів, так й товарів що задовольняють суспільні потреби у кожному окремому регіоні або країні в цілому. Позиціонування кожної окремої країни (крупних промислово розвинених, інноваційно активних регіонів, підприємств та їх груп) в світовому глобалізованому просторі визначає перш за все стратегічні перспективи використання наявного економічного потенціалу в довгостроковій пролонгованій перспективі, визначає конкурентні переваги та позицію суб’єктів господарювання будь-якого рівня.
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Tang, Tang. "Developing human resource accounting to improve human resource management : a case study of practicing HRA in a Chinese state-owned-enterprise." Thesis, University of Macau, 2002. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636259.
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Qasenivalu, Mosese Tavaga. "The role and impact of services sector on economic growth : an econometric investigation of tourism and air services in Fiji (1968-2006) : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Management in Economics at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/856.
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Empirical studies have established that tourism is a major determinant of economic growth and that international air services have a beneficial effect on the growth and development of an economy. It has also been argued that trade and public enterprise reforms in the service sectors, undertaken to a greater extent in high income countries, have had a positive impact on the sectors performances. This study analyses several hypotheses relating to Fiji’s tourism and air transport service industries. First the study examines the contribution of tourism exports to economic growth in the case of Fiji. Second, the study analyses whether the tourism reform adopted by Fiji in 1999 under the World Trade Organization’s General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) has impacted on total tourism export performance. Third, the aviation-service growth nexus is investigated. Lastly, the effect of the aviation public enterprise reform activities on the export performance of air services is evaluated. Using time series annual data from 1968 to 2006, the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag. methodology has been utilized to estimate the contribution of each service sector to Fiji’s total service output. The results show that the tourism is a major determinant of growth in Fiji and that the aviation service-growth hypothesis is also valid for Fiji. The empirical results show that both the trade reforms in tourism and the pro-competitive measures undertaken in the airline industry, amongst other determinants, have not significantly created an impact on the respective export performance of tourism and air services. These findings provide key policy implications in the light of capitalizing on services exports as a major source of growth, particularly in developing island countries such as Fiji and the need to facilitate the strengthening of the market to boost the export performance of tourism and air services.
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Sefera, Ali Shigute, and Jude Bahanag Nunga. "The importance of open innovation in small and medium-sized enterprise in Sweden : A case study of Single Technologies." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-246071.
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The entrepreneurs behind newly formed companies in Sweden as well as small medium-sized enterprises and start-ups are increasingly getting involved in open innovation or exploring its practices. They do this in order to develop innovative products and services. SMEs and start-ups are collaborating with external stakeholders, such as enterprise service providers, industrial suppliers, research institutions or universities, to either bring their innovative products and solutions to the market faster or to stay ahead of the game of competitions. By engaging in open innovation practices, the different stakeholders involved are able to combine human capital, in addition with a collection of available resources. By reading further into this thesis research, a typical exploration of resources can be noticed spanning from hardware to software and from soft skills to hard skills, thus resulting to innovative outcomes (product and services). This thesis research will investigate the benefits Swedish start-ups and small-medium-sized enterprises can gain from open innovation. There are several studies on large companies that use open innovation to generate additional values. Accordingly, external learning is very important in small and medium-size enterprises for growth. However, there are fewer studies on startups and SMEs, in terms of open innovation; therefore, this research study aims to address this gap. SMEs and open innovation are becoming very important in the local Swedish and global knowledge-based economy. In the past Sweden’s economy, SME played an important role and in the future SMEs are estimated to be more important, due to the rapid technology development and fast-growing services sector. An important contributing fact to the local economy is that 9 out 10 new jobs during the last twenty years were created within the SME sector in Sweden. Accordingly, this study has highlighted the importance of external learning and its contribution towards improving the innovative performance of small and medium-size enterprises. The findings from all interviews and case study revealed different impact about the importance of open innovation. All companies had their respective motivating reasons to explore external resources, while some could attest the resources helped to verify their assumption. Other SME and companies were collaborating with research institutes, academia in order to complement their innovation process, which ended up being a benefit to all parties involved in open innovation.Entreprenörerna bakom nybildade företag i Sverige samt små medelstora företag och nystartade företag blir alltmer involverade i öppen innovation eller utforskande av sina metoder. De gör det för att utveckla innovativa produkter och tjänster. Små och medelstora företag och nystartade företag samarbetar med externa intressenter, såsom företagstjänstleverantörer, industrileverantörer, forskningsinstitutioner eller universitet, för att antingen föra sina innovativa produkter och lösningar på marknaden snabbare eller för att ligga före tävlingsspelet. Genom att engagera sig i öppen innovationspraxis kan de olika berörda parterna kombinera humankapitalet, dessutom med en samling tillgängliga resurser. Genom att läsa vidare i denna avhandling kan en typisk prospektering av resurser märkas från maskinvara till programvara och från mjuka färdigheter till svåra färdigheter, vilket resulterar i innovativa resultat (produkt och tjänster). Denna avhandling kommer att undersöka fördelarna svenska nybörjare och små och medelstora företag kan dra nytta av öppen innovation. Det finns flera studier på stora företag som använder öppen innovation för att skapa ytterligare värden. Externt lärande är därför mycket viktigt i små och medelstora företag för tillväxt. Det finns dock färre studier om nystart och små och medelstora företag, när det gäller öppen innovation. Därför syftar denna forskningsstudie till att hantera denna klyfta.
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Jičínská, Aneta. "Sociální ekonomika v České republice." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-82005.
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My thesis deals with social economics and its subjects, social enterprises. The first part of my thesis introduces us to main terms and the development of social economics in the Czech republic. I also focus my attention on its pillars and targets in view of the determination of the sphere of its impact. Therefore we specify here the fields in which social economics works. The main aim of my thesis is to characterise social economics and firms which are considered to be social enterprises. Furthermore, I want to refer to the usefulness and importacne of social economics both for a society and the entire economics as well. In the practical part I focus my attention on the particular social enterprise, which is in operation for several years, and I try to refer to its helpfulness. In conclusion of my thesis I come to the evaluation of the importance and position of social economics together with my judgement on its usefulness.
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Wang, Zhonghui. "A study of public policy influences upon the development of rural enterprises, with particular reference to China's rural enterprises, 1978-1992." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/710.
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This study is an analysis of how public policy changes in China influenced the development of rural enterprises from 1978 to 1992. Starting in 1978, China's leadership implemented a series of economic reforms aimed at rebuilding domestic legitimacy by catching up with the industrialized nations of the West and the new industrial powers of Asia. These reforms in combination created a political and economic environment that proved conducive to the development of rural enterprises. Despite the undoubted progress of the 1980s, changes in public policy have been inadequate, and ideological and political problems continue to prevent rural enterprises from making even greater developments. However, mounting social and economic problems, such as rural unemployment, and the economic strength of rural enterprises will push against these constraints. These conditions may force the leadership to take further changes in public policy which will allow rural enterprises to play increasingly important roles in the Chinese economy. The thesis consists of nine chapters. Chapter One is a general introduction to the research area. Chapter Two deals with the evolution of rural enterprises policy both before and after 1978. Chapter Three examines regional policy variations for rural enterprises. Chapter Four focuses on the implications of market reform and market expansion for rural enterprises. Chapter Five assesses the impacts of rural employment and regional development strategies for rural enterprises. Chapter Six examines financial and taxation policies towards rural enterprises. Chapter Seven and Chapter Eight deal with policies to improve the management and technology of rural enterprises. Chapter Nine draws conclusions and evaluates likely future development of rural enterprises.