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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Economics in mid 1800s'

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1

Garnett, E. J. "Aspects of the relationship between Protestant ethics and economic activity in mid-Victorian England." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381860.

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2

Tipton, Jessica Elizabeth. "Multilingualism in the Russian nobility : a case study on the Vorontsov family (mid-1700s to mid-1800s)." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.761206.

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3

TRAN, LINDA, and ÉMILIE JÖNSSON. "Mode med Socialt Samvete : En jämförande studie om hur två modeföretag arbetar med CSR - strategier." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-18008.

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En bit in på det nya millenniet har Asien blivit världens handelscentrum när det gäller produktion av textil. Inte minst modeföretag i Skandinavien förlägger sin produktion i områden där utbildningsnivån är låg och där fabriksarbetarnas rättigheter förbises i jakten på dem lägsta priserna. Till de konsekvenser som de nya uppmärksammade globala marknadsvillkoren innebär, räknas konsumenternas intresse för fabriksarbetarnas rättigheter. Kundernas ökade krav och påtryckningar om att modeföretag ska ta socialt ansvar har varit och är en pådrivande kraft för textilföretagens sociala ansvarstagande, ett ansvarstagande mest känt under förkortningen ”CSR”. Begreppet CSR står för Corporate Social Responsibility och handlar om hela företagets sociala, etiska och miljömässiga ansvarstagande. Denna uppsats ringar dock in studerade modeföretags ansvarstagande i produktionsländer inom det sociala och etiska området. Studien genomförs för att se hur modeföretag arbetar under vägen mot sina nedskrivna mål. I denna uppsats jämförs olika CSR strategier för två modeföretag: Gina Tricot och Varner-Gruppen AS. Till denna jämförelse kopplas även en litteraturstudie. Studien är således genomförd genom tillämpandet av en litteraturstudie och kvalitativa intervjuer. Slutsatsen presenteras ställt mot fem områden inom standarden ISO 26000. De sätt som företag kan arbeta med CSR på är många, men bland de skilda sätten kan centrala punkter plockas ut såsom vikten av att arbeta med den form av CSR aktivitet som är mest önskvärd hos lokalbefolkning i produktionsländerna, ett faktum som ska tas på största allvar då fabriksarbetaren är en av modeföretagens viktigaste resurser. Om inte den viktigaste.
Program: Textil produktutveckling och entreprenörskap
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4

Inlow, James Daniel. "Birth Underregistration In The Mid-20th Century and the Infant Mortality Rate." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1531865089356033.

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5

Crawford, Laurie Casey. "The analysis of mid-nineteenth century men's outer-garments from a deep ocean site /." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487850665557049.

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6

Belisle, Donica. "Consuming producers, retail workers and commodity culture at Eaton's in mid-twentieth-century Toronto." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ63270.pdf.

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7

Lövqvist, Erika, and Therése Börjesson. "How does mid-age individual’s investment in tertiary education affect the probability to remain in the labor market after 65?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för nationalekonomi och statistik (NS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-86082.

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This essay examines whether an investment in tertiary education in mid-age increase the probability to remain in the labor market after age 65 in Sweden. In addition, we analyze whether there is any difference in the probability to continue work after 65 if individuals choose to invest in tertiary education in mid-age or in any other age. This study utilizes already existing data that is a combination of a questionnaire survey and Swedish register data. In the sample there are 5235 individuals who are retired and 881 who are still in the labor market, born between 1938 and 1949. The implemented method is a linear probability model to obtain mean marginal effect. The results indicate that individuals who invested in tertiary education in mid-age have a higher probability to remain in the labor market after 65 than individuals with no tertiary education. There is, however, no statistically significant difference in probability depending on when they decide to invest in tertiary education.
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8

Rask, Daniel, and Sasha Hakami. "Påverkningsvariabler till nedskrivning av goodwill : Empirisk studie av bolag på Stockholmsbörsens Large - och Mid Cap." Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-20089.

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Sedan 1 januari 2005 har stora delar av världen förändrat sin redovisningsprincip till IFRS som har utformats av IASB.  Införandet innebar en rad förändringar.  IFRS infördes på grund av att kapitalmarknaderna växer sig allt större samt starkare, vilket kräver att en harmonisering av redovisningsprinciper är att eftersträva. Förändringar som IFRS/IAS medförde i form av regleringar är bland annat IFRS 3, IAS 36 samt IAS 38. IFRS förändrade så att goodwill årligen skulle omprövas för att fastställa dess verkliga värde, istället för att årliga avskrivningar som tidigare var fallet.

 

IFRS förändrade hur immateriella tillgångar skulle redovisas däribland redovisningen av goodwill. Goodwill är en nutidsbetalning för framtida prognostiserade kassaflöden.

 

Tillgångsposten goodwill utsätts ständigt för påverkan av såväl externa som interna påverkningar. Externa i form av bolagsmarknadens ständiga förändring och internt av ett potentiellt underliggande egenintresse utifrån bolagsledningen. Med bakgrund av debatter och forskningslitteratur kan därför sådana påverkningsvariabler till nedskrivning av goodwill vara intressanta att studera. Utifrån Agency theory och Stakeholder theory har vi som författare angripit detta område och försökt förklara om nedskrivning av goodwill kan förklaras via ett urval av styrelse – och kapitalvariabler.

 

Genom en deduktiv forskningsansats har vi genomfört en kvantitativ studie där samtliga bolag på Stockholmsbörsens Large - och Mid Cap har ingått. 6 stycken utvalda påverknings-variabler har testats på 104 bolag. Syftet är att undersöka vilka variabler som påverkar nedskrivning av goodwill. Våra hypoteser där dessa variabler ingår, har formulerats för att dels undersöka (a) om nedskrivning sker eller inte och (b) i vilken storleksordning som nedskrivningar sker.

 

Studiens påverkningsvariabler har analyserats utifrån två olika regressionsmodeller, binär logistisk regression och linjär multipelregression. Binär logistisk regression har använts för att kunna visa om de identifierade variablerna kan påverka om en nedskrivning av goodwill sker eller ej. En linjär multipelregression har använts för att kunna påvisa om påverkningsvariablerna påverkar storleken på nedskrivning av goodwill.

 

Studiens resultat visar enligt binär logistisk regression att avkastning på eget kapital och styrelsestorlek förefaller att ha betydelse om nedskrivning av goodwill sker. Linjär multipelregression visar att avkastning på eget kapital och styrelsestorlek har en signifikant påverkan samt att skuldsättningsgrad gränsar till att vara signifikant i förhållande till nedskrivning av goodwill.

 

Några av de viktigaste slutsatserna är att de påverkningsvariabler som förefaller att förklara vad som påverkar nedskrivningsstorlek av goodwill är avkastning på eget kapital och styrelsestorlek. Samma påverkningsvariabler påverkar om nedskrivning av goodwill sker eller inte, dock med lägre signifikansnivå.

 

En annan slutsats är att de valda teoretiskt identifierade påverkningsvariablerna har en starkare påverkan kring hur stor nedskrivning av goodwill blir än om en nedskrivning av goodwill skall ske.

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9

Heaton, Rebecca Jane. "The silviculture, nutrition and economics of short rotation willow coppice in the uplands of mid-Wales." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248239.

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10

Montgomery, Katherine Frances. ""Drear flight and homeless wandering": gender, economics, and crises of identity in mid-Victorian women's fiction." Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6809.

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My dissertation begins with the central crisis of Jane Eyre, in which Jane flees Thornfield Hall after her failed marriage, is unable to find work, and almost dies of exposure and starvation on the moors. She finds herself asking "What was I to do? Where to go? Oh, intolerable questions, when I could do nothing and go nowhere!" I suggest that this passage, and others that echo it in Villette and works by Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Mary Elizabeth Braddon, and George Eliot can be read in terms of early Victorian anxieties over middle-class women's inability to support themselves should they need to. Most literary criticism on women and work focuses on the end of the century, which saw an explosion of the topic in public debate and literature of the time; in my work, I explore how these discussions and anxieties about women's work were developing much earlier than is usually discussed. While the fin-de-siècle figure of the New Woman characteristically moves through urban landscapes in ways that emphasize her independence (alone, on bicycles, on buses, to and from places of work and her own domicile), earlier middle-class Victorian women walk out of domestic spaces that are not their own, and any brief sense of freedom is swiftly followed by a sense of desperation or need. These women wander through economic landscapes in ways that point to their profound state of dependence and their inability to support themselves. Given that women are still, today, the first economic victims of a recession, I am interested in tracing how women writers started responding to this vulnerability almost as soon as it became visible with the establishment of an industrial economy and the rise of the middle class in early- and mid-Victorian England. While some extant criticism examines Victorian gender and economics in literature on a text-by-text basis, I propose a comprehensive model with four modes for understanding how woman move through economic and physical landscapes in Victorian fiction: 1) in a mode of desperation that points to a fundamental problem with middle-class women's vulnerable economic position (Bronte's Jane Eyre and Villette); 2) in a mode of learning to better understand their limited but relative privilege compared to working-class women (Barrett Browning's Aurora Leigh); 3) in a problematized mode of successful self-reinvention, prompted by economic aspirations, that poses a danger to conventional social hierarchy and therefore marks the woman as errant or evil (sensation fiction, Braddon's Lady Audley's Secret and Aurora Floyd); and 4) in a mode of self-revelation in which a woman comes to realize how her own perpetual state of dependence has affected her choices (Eliot's Daniel Deronda and Middlemarch). Desperation, comprehension, problematic self-invention, revelation: Victorian women's wanderings consistently point to, through the movement of the woman's body, the ways that the woman is an economic subject, perhaps before she is anything else.
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11

Dunn, Zoë Louise. "The mid-Victorian professional woman of letters : Geraldine Endsor Jewsbury and the economics of the publishing and literary marketplace, 1840-1880." Thesis, University of Kent, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396392.

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12

Maathuis, M. H. R. "The difference in acquisition strategies of acquirers in the bankingsector and their abnormal returns pre-, mid-, and post-crisis: evidence from the world." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-317542.

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This study investigates whether different acquisition strategies provide dissimilar abnormal returns forthe bidders’ investors before, during and after the financial crisis. The study focuses on acquisitionsconducted by banks between 2004 and 2012. The data is split in a pre-, mid-, and post-crisis sample.The dataset consists out of 950 completed acquisitions conducted by 378 unique banks. Crosssectionalresults point out that investors are generally indifferent to which acquisition strategy is usedby banks, both at announcement and at completion. Moreover, it seems that investors do not reactfiercer to the announcement compared to the completion of a deal. The results are robust whensplitting the sample in acquirers originating from common- and code law countries. However, the studyfinds that opposed to what is suggested by prior research, shareholders from code law countries earnhigher returns than shareholders from common law countries.
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13

Nibon, Karin. "Ge igen med samma mynt : Ekonomiska och sociala relationer i Sundborns socken i Dalarna 1820–1849." Licentiate thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-281170.

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The aim of this thesis is to visualize and explain how people’s economic and social relations were connected in the parish of Sundborn, in the south east of Dalarna, in the period 1820-1849. The study is based on records of claims and debts in inventories and parish registers, which enable reconstruction of the private local credit market. The study shows that the majority in the economic network lived in Sundborn, and that while few people had formal loans at the institutional credit market, many had loans by trust at the private local credit market. Also, while few people were lenders, almost everyone was a borrower. The most common credit relationship was between people who lived near one another, and people who lived near one another or were related received a higher average credit. The private local credit market consisted primarily of men. These results have been interpreted with the use of social network theory, it being shown that people depended on their social network to obtain the necessary credit. In creating an economic network graph, I show that households in the parish of Sundborn were interconnected by debt relations. By using this method, it is possible to identify significant persons and potential parish bankers. Through combining the network graph with a landscape map, I show connections between the settlement, the assets, economic relations, centrality and the long valley of Sundborn river. The study opens up possibilities for further development of the same method to visualize historic data and relate it to the landscape, with a view to generating new related questions and spatial analyses.
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14

Törnqvist, Jerry, and Magnus Johansson. "Value at Risk : En jämförelse mellan VaR-metoder." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Management and Economics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2432.

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Bakgrund: I och med att Basel II har instiftats i Sverige så måste finansiella institutioner beräkna sin marknadsrisk på sina portföljer. Detta kan göras genom olika VaR metoder. Dessa ger dock olika uppskattningar på marknadsrisken. De finansiella instituten får använda sig av den metod som de anser reflektera marknadsrisken bäst. Det finns dock ingen metod som utsetts till standard.

Syfte: Syftet med detta arbete är att jämföra olika VaR-metoders skattning av marknadsrisken utifrån verkligt utfall, för att urskilja vilken metod som är funktionsdugligast.

Avgränsningar: Denna undersökning inkluderar fyra olika VaR metoder. Dessa är Historisk Simulation, Delta-Normal, RiskMetrics och GARCH(1,1). VaR metoderna kommer att undersökas på portföljer som endast består av svenska aktier noterade på Stockholmsbörsens Large-, Mid- eller Small Cap lista.

Metod: Vi har konstruerat fyra olika portföljer som vi sedermera har beräknat VaR för mellan 1998-04-01 t.o.m. 2008-04-01. Dessa uppskattningar har sedermera jämförts, m.h.a. backtesting, med det verkliga utfallet för portföljerna. Utifrån detta har vi analyserat vilken form av metod som är funktionsdugligast.

Resultat, slutsatser: Vi kan konstatera att ingen av de metoder som vi har undersökt är godkända enligt vår backtesting. Om vi bortser från detta så verkar RiskMetrics vara funktionsdugligast då denna metod innehar få överträdelser och uppskattar marknadsrisken på ett effektivt sätt. Detta samtidigt som RiskMetrics är stabilast under hela undersökningsperioden.

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15

Surrarrer, Caroline A. "BEHIND THE LABELS: LIBBY PAYNE, FASHION DESIGNER FOR "MRS. MAIN STREET AMERICA"." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1461236604.

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16

Barnes, Jessica Ruth. "Aspirational Economies of Self and City:The Values and Governance of Independent Crafters in Columbus, Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1408691671.

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17

Rhemtulla, Jeanine Marie. "Land-use legacies in Wisconsin : regional vegetation change and carbon dynamics (mid-1800s to 1930s to present) /." 2007. http://www.library.wisc.edu/databases/connect/dissertations.html.

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18

Nowell, William. "Human, Social and Cultural Capital Predictors of Early Baby Boomer Productivity in Mid- to Late Life: An Examination of Formal Volunteering Behavior." Thesis, 2014. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8QV3JPW.

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Productive activity supports successful aging by helping to maintain older adults' cognitive and physical functioning and active engagement in life. This study examines the human, social and cultural resources that contribute to productive activity, specifically formal volunteering, among Early Baby Boomers (EBB) during the transition from mid-life to late life. Four time points across 6 years from a sample of 2,684 EBBs aged 51 and older from the Health and Retirement Study (2004-2010) were analyzed using logistic regression and generalized estimating equations. Baseline and longitudinal human, social and cultural capital factors and demographic variables functioned as predictors of formal volunteer engagement and its intensity. High levels of cultural capital, defined as religiosity, significantly increased the likelihood of both formal volunteer engagement and high intensity volunteering. Greater human capital and some forms of social capital also boosted the probability of volunteer engagement, but higher levels of one component of social capital (paid employment) significantly reduced the likelihood of high intensity volunteering. Volunteer engagement and intensity were stable during the observed period, in spite of the Great Recession during the latter waves of data. Gender appeared to have no effect on the likelihood of volunteer engagement or intensity. The distribution of human, social and cultural resources was associated with differences in mid- to late life productivity among EBBs, and productive activities of formal volunteering and paid employment appear to compete for their time. Exploring the unique contributions of aspects of education and religion to volunteerism in future research may lead to more inclusive public policy and programs that facilitate the participation of individuals from a wider array of backgrounds. Such efforts can increase opportunities for formal volunteering among persons transitioning from mid- to late life.
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19

Schönheit, David Josua. "Short- and mid-term uncertainties affecting the trade and transmission of electricity with a focus on flow-based market coupling." 2021. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A75188.

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Die kumulative Dissertationsschrift besteht aus zwei Teilen. Der erste Teil beleuchtet die Auswirkungen von erhöhten Mengen stromerzeugender erneuerbarer Energien auf den deutschen Strommarkt. In drei Papieren werden die Effekte von erneuerbaren Energien auf die Handelsbilanz, die Emissionsreduktionen und die Preisunsicherheit im Intraday-Markt in Deutschland mit Hilfe von Regressionsanalysen quantifiziert. Der zweite Teil adressiert die Kapazitätsberechnungen für internationalen Stromhandel im Rahmen von Flow-based Market Coupling. Diese Methodik löst sukzessive die bilateralen Handelskapazitäten ab und basiert ihre Kapazitätsbestimmung auf Netzberechnungen und einer Quantifizierung, wie sich Handel auf einzelne kritische Netzwerkelemente auswirkt. Dies ermöglicht im Durchschnitt höhere Handelskapazitäten, was zur Erreichung der deutschen und europäischen Ziele – hohe Versorgungssicherheit, bezahlbare Strompreise, bessere Integration von erneuerbaren Energien und schließlich die Dekarbonisierung der Stromsysteme – einen sehr wichtigen Beitrag leistet. In fünf Papieren werden einerseits statistische Ansätze für wichtige Prognoseparameter im Flow-based Market Coupling entwickelt, insbesondere Generation Shift Keys und die Prognose von konventionellem Kraftwerkseinsatz. Andererseits werden Optimierungsmodelle entwickelt, die den Prozess von Flow-based Market Coupling – Engpassprognose und Marktkopplung – komplett abbilden. Diese Schritte werden durch Engpassmanagement-Berechnungen ergänzt, um aktuelle Fragestellungen zu beantworten, wie z.B. die Wohlfahrtseffekte von Mindesthandelskapazitäten.:Summary Acknowledgments List of Figures Nomenclature and short definitions A Introductory background, research questions and conjunction of research articles A.1 Energy political goals and challenges of the European Union A.2 Fundamentals of electricity price formation, market coupling and congestion management A.2.1 The merit order: Formation of electricity prices in a country A.2.2 Market coupling: Enabling cross-border trade of electricity A.2.3 Congestion management: Averting the violation of physical grid constraints A.2.4 Trading capacities: Limiting cross-border exchange of electricity as a form of preventative congestion management A.2.5 Flow-based market coupling: Combining trading capacities, market coupling and congestion management A.3 Addressing the research questions A.3.1 Overview of articles as part of this cumulative dissertation A.3.2 Brief overview of used methods to address the research questions A.3.3 Relation and coherence of articles A.3.4 Main findings of articles A.3.5 Concluding remarks and further research References B Published and submitted articles B.1 Parsing the Effects of Wind and Solar Generation on the German Electricity Trade Surplus B.2 What caused 2019’s drop in German carbon emissions: Sustainable transition or short-term market developments? B.3 The effect of corrective short-term updates for wind energy forecasts on intraday electricity prices B.4 The impact of different strategies for generation shift keys (GSKs) on the flow-based market coupling domain: A model-based analysis of Central Western Europe B.5 Zone-wide prediction of generating unit-specific power outputs for electric grid congestion forecasts B.6 An Improved Statistical Approach to Generation Shift Keys: Lessons Learned from an Analysis of the Austrian Control Zone B.7 Do minimum trading capacities for the cross-zonal exchange of electricity lead to welfare losses? B.8 Toward a fundamental understanding flow-based market coupling for crossborder electricity trading
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